EP3092341B1 - Soil compaction sleeve, roller having such a soil compaction sleeve and method for soil compaction - Google Patents
Soil compaction sleeve, roller having such a soil compaction sleeve and method for soil compaction Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3092341B1 EP3092341B1 EP14824367.8A EP14824367A EP3092341B1 EP 3092341 B1 EP3092341 B1 EP 3092341B1 EP 14824367 A EP14824367 A EP 14824367A EP 3092341 B1 EP3092341 B1 EP 3092341B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- drum
- ground compaction
- damping
- bandage
- roller
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims description 136
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 113
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 108
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 230000003534 oscillatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 81
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001845 vibrational spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
- E01C19/22—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for consolidating or finishing laid-down unset materials
- E01C19/23—Rollers therefor; Such rollers usable also for compacting soil
- E01C19/28—Vibrated rollers or rollers subjected to impacts, e.g. hammering blows
- E01C19/286—Vibration or impact-imparting means; Arrangement, mounting or adjustment thereof; Construction or mounting of the rolling elements, transmission or drive thereto, e.g. to vibrator mounted inside the roll
Definitions
- the invention relates to a soil compacting bandage and a roller with at least one such soil compacting bandage.
- the invention further relates to a method for soil compaction with a roller having two soil compaction drums.
- a generic Bodenverdichtungsbandage is a substantially hollow cylindrical base body, which is also referred to below as a bandage coat.
- the bandage casing at least partially surrounds a bandage interior, which is thus the hollow cylinder interior, which is bounded in the radial direction to the cylinder axis by the bandage casing and extends in the direction of the cylinder axis on both sides in each case to a plane which is transverse to the cylinder axis and in which the front side of the bandage mantle lies.
- a vibration excitation device is arranged in the bandage interior, with the aid of which the soil compaction bandage is set into vibrations.
- the vibration excitation device comprises at least one imbalance shaft guided circumferentially around a rotation axis with an imbalance, wherein the rotational movement of the imbalance shaft about its axis of rotation can be driven by a drive device.
- the axis of rotation thus denotes the axis of rotation of the imbalance shaft with its imbalance.
- the portion of the bandage interior in which the vibration excitation device is located is separated from the rest of the bandage interior by two transverse to the cylinder axis of the bandage casing and spaced along this cylinder axis plate washers.
- Bearing elements and parts of the drive train for the soil compacting bandage and / or the Vibration excitation means may be passed through openings of the dishwashers.
- the cup wheels usually serve as a fastening device for the hydrostatic drive and for receiving the vibration excitation device and as a conclusion of the soil compacting bandage.
- such soil compaction bandages are used, for example, in rollers for underground compaction, in particular of asphalt and soil.
- vibration excitation means vibrations, in particular in the vertical direction, can be generated, thus enabling an active compression process.
- the imbalance shafts are horizontal in the vast majority of known devices, so that vibrations can be introduced at least partially in the vertical direction on the bandage in the ground.
- the vibration excitation device comprises two juxtaposed unbalanced shafts whose axes of rotation extend in the vertical direction.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide a soil compaction bandage and a method for soil compaction, which allows a simple construction and at the same time a gentle soil subsurface compression.
- An essential aspect of the invention is to provide a soil compaction bandage, the first vibration excitation means is arranged in the manner in the bandage interior, that the axis of rotation is exactly one unbalanced shaft vertically.
- a vertical exciter is provided in the compression bandage precisely, in particular exclusively.
- vibration excitation devices are also included according to the invention which, in addition to the exactly one unbalanced shaft extending in the vertical direction, comprise further unbalanced shafts extending in other spatial directions, in particular horizontally and further in particular transversely to the working direction of the soil compacting drum. It is crucial that in relation to the vertical exciter only one in the soil compaction bandage is provided. It has been found that a vibration spectrum of the soil compaction bandage can be realized with this arrangement, on the excellent soil compaction results, especially with regard to a gentle soil compaction and the soil density to be achieved, can be achieved. At the same time the design effort for the integration of only one vertical exciter in the interior of the bandage casing is comparatively low.
- the first vibration excitation device in the bandage interior can be made of a variety of different alternative embodiments.
- a suitable bearing arrangement is ideally provided for this purpose, which enables a reliable mounting of the vibration excitation device in the bandage interior with aligned in the vertical direction of rotation of the vertical exciter and at the same time a rotation of the bandage jacket relative to the vertical exciter about a horizontal axis.
- the vibration excitation means is arranged on the bearing assembly in the manner in the bandage interior, that the drum casing is rotatable relative to the vibration excitation means and the vertical axis of rotation of an unbalanced shaft maintains its orientation around a horizontal axis of rotation rotating bandage casing.
- the bearing assembly is thus formed on the one hand in such a way that the bandage casing is relatively movable relative to the vibration excitation device.
- the bearing assembly is preferably designed to allow continuous maintenance of the vertical orientation of the axis of rotation of the one imbalance shaft.
- the bearing arrangement is also designed in such a way that different orientations of the first vibration excitation device from the orientation of the vertical axis of rotation of an unbalanced shaft, in particular in the mounted state the soil compaction bandage, are not possible, whereby the overall construction can be simplified again.
- a vertically extending imbalance shaft of the first vibration excitation device is part of a circular exciter.
- a circular exciter is understood as meaning a vibration exciter which triggers a vibration amplitude circulating about the axis of rotation.
- Essential elements of such a circular exciter are an exciter or imbalance shaft with an imbalance and a drive device or a connection possibility to a drive device. Since the axis of rotation of an unbalanced shaft is vertical, the circular pathogen thus develops vibrations in the horizontal plane during operation.
- Circular exciters in particular simple design, can be produced relatively inexpensively and are characterized by a high operational reliability.
- Essential parameters which influence the oscillation amplitude of the first oscillation exciter are in particular the revolution frequency and the mass of the imbalance. Depending on the application, different speeds may be desired and / or different imbalance masses or mass distributions.
- the imbalance of an imbalance shaft is formed in two parts, wherein the relative position of the two imbalance parts about the rotational axis of the imbalance shaft relative to each other, in particular two-stage or continuously, is adjustable.
- the imbalance thus has a first imbalance part and a second imbalance part, wherein in particular the first imbalance part is fixedly connected to the imbalance shaft and the second imbalance part to relatively movable.
- the imbalance distribution on the imbalance shaft in particular in the plane transverse to the rotation axis, can be varied, whereby an amplitude variability is achieved.
- Two-stage adjustment options i. Such adjustment possibilities, in which the two imbalance parts can assume two end positions relative to one another, are obtained in particular by so-called envelope weights, as are known in the prior art.
- a stepless adjustment means that the angular position of the two imbalance parts in the plane transverse to the axis of rotation in a certain angular range is continuously variable, for example via a suitable adjusting.
- the first vibration excitation device is arranged in the bandage interior. Basically, the entire circumference of the bandage interior can be used here. It has now proven to be ideal to arrange the first vibration excitation device in the bandage interior in such a way that the axis of rotation of an unbalanced shaft perpendicularly intersects the axis of rotation of the soil compacting drum.
- the axis of rotation of the soil compaction bandage is that axis about which the soil compacting bandage rotates during the movement operation. In other words, the axis of rotation is the cylinder axis of the bandage casing.
- the first vibration device is arranged in such a way that the axis of rotation of the one imbalance shaft is equally spaced on both faces of the bandage sheath in the axial direction of the axis of rotation.
- the axial direction denotes a direction that runs along the axis of rotation of the bandage casing or the soil compacting bandage.
- the imbalance shaft of the vertical exciter is thus arranged in the middle.
- the first vibration excitation device is arranged in such a way that the axis of rotation of the one imbalance shaft passes through the center of gravity of the bandage.
- the center of the bandage refers to the center of mass of the soil compaction bandage. It is furthermore particularly preferred if the center of gravity of the bandage lies on the axis of rotation of the soil compacting bandage. In this case, the center of gravity of the bandage therefore lies in particular at the point of intersection of the axis of rotation of the soil compaction bandage and the axis of rotation of the one imbalance shaft. In this embodiment, a particularly uniform and thus gentle vibration transmission is realized on the ground.
- the first vibration excitation means comprises a drive shaft which is arranged vertically and is connected at one end, in particular at its upper end, with the drive means.
- the drive shaft of the first vibration excitation device designates a shaft via which drive energy is introduced into the vibration excitation device.
- the drive shaft may be the one unbalanced shaft itself.
- the drive device is now arranged within the bandage interior, in which case a recourse can be made in particular to a hydraulic motor or electric motor connected directly to the drive shaft and in particular to the imbalance shaft. In this way, a very compact and in view of the small amount of space available preferred structure is obtained.
- a drive gear may also be present, which is designed in such a way that it transmits drive energy provided by the drive device to the drive shaft.
- a transmission is thus interposed between the drive device and the drive or imbalance shaft, so that the drive device and the drive shaft are indirectly in operative connection with each other.
- the drive device is arranged at a distance from the drive shaft, for example outside the bandage interior or outside the portion of the bandage interior surrounded by the ring washers.
- belt drives, chain transmissions or toothed gearing or comparable transmissions can be used here, for example, whereby in particular the use of transmissions arranged essentially in a horizontal plane is preferred.
- the drive gear is designed as part of the soil compacting bandage for connection to a drive device arranged outside the disc discs and / or outside the soil compacting bandage.
- This may be, for example, the drive motor of a superordinate construction machine, in particular a roller with such a soil compaction bandage.
- This facilitates the change of soil compaction bandage, since in this way the drive gear does not necessarily have to be removed when replacing the soil compaction bandage from the respective soil compaction bandage. In this way a faster exchange is possible.
- everything outside the disc discs is understood to mean anything that does not lie between the two disc discs of the soil compacting bandage. Outside of the disc discs is therefore that portion of the bandage interior, which is located along the axis of rotation of the soil compacting bandage or transversely to the working direction of the roller outside of the limited by the disc plates portion of the bandage interior.
- this is preferably encapsulated and includes a capsule housing, in the interior of which at least the imbalance and imbalance wave is arranged.
- the capsule housing thus encloses essential elements of the first vibration excitation device.
- areas to be lubricated during operation, hereinafter also referred to as lubrication points, of the first vibration excitation device are arranged within the capsule housing.
- a lubrication point refers to a point of the first vibration excitation device in which a lubrication between two mutually movable parts is required, as is the case for example in bearings and / or with movable gear elements.
- typical Lubrication points are therefore present in particular, for example, bearings, especially for rotating elements, such as the imbalance shaft.
- a so-called oil circulation lubrication is preferably provided.
- An oil circulation lubrication is present when a lubricating oil circuit can be maintained by circulating within the first vibration excitation means lubricating oil.
- the oil circulation lubrication in particular a pump, especially centrifugal pump includes, which promotes in the rotational operations of the first vibration excitation lubricant oil from an oil sump to lubrication points of the first vibration excitation device, in particular to lubrication points of a Umwuchtwelle.
- a centrifugal pump refers to a pump whose driving force is the centrifugal force.
- the centrifugal pump is designed in particular in such a way that the centrifugal forces occurring in the rotational operation of the imbalance shaft drive the centrifugal pump or its conveying effect.
- the oil sump designates a type of reservoir in which lubricating oil draining from the lubrication points and the remaining region of the first vibration excitation device is collected. It is ideal if the oil circulation lubrication comprises a supply line running at least partially within the one imbalance shaft of the first vibration excitation device and conducting lubricating oil at least partially in the vertical direction.
- the accommodation within the one unbalanced shaft, which is in particular at least partially a hollow shaft, is extremely space-saving and also allows in particular an implementation of the principle centrifugal pump.
- the lubricating oil outlet of the supply line is designed to be directed outwards, in particular in the radial direction, and the riser part of the supply line is arranged more towards the axis of rotation.
- the present soil compaction bandage allows by the inventive design of the first vibration excitation device, the loading of the soil compaction bandage acting in the horizontal plane vibrations.
- the outer edges of the bandage casing are preferably rounded outwards in the direction of the axis of rotation of the soil compacting bandage.
- the bandage coat on its front sides on a rounded, in section along the longitudinal axis convex, bandage profile and no sharp, right-angled outer edge.
- the rounding extends in particular in a range related to the width of the soil compacting bandage of> 1%, in particular> 2%, and especially> 5% to the respective face of the soil compacting bandage.
- the soil compaction bandage thus differs from a course of the outer casing surface with a uniform and constant radial distance along the axis of rotation and rather has an outer circumference which decreases in the direction of the end face.
- the rounding course does not necessarily have to run along a segment of a circular path, but can also be adapted, for example, to the course of an elliptical path or to a segmented path. It is essential that the rounding a kind of wedge to the ground surface is formed and the bandage does not end with a sharp edge to the ground.
- the soil compacting bandage according to the invention may comprise a bandage casing which is formed in one piece or in two parts. The latter is particularly advantageous when cornering.
- a two-part bandage jacket comprises two hollow cylindrical individual cylinders, which are arranged side by side in the direction of the cylinder axis.
- a further vibration excitation device is arranged according to the invention in the bandage interior, whose at least one imbalance shaft extends horizontally and in particular parallel to the axis of rotation of the compaction bandage. It is thus in addition to the one vertical unbalanced shaft at least one further unbalanced shaft present, but which is arranged horizontally, so that over this imbalance wave in particular in a plane transverse to the horizontal plane extending vibrations can be provided.
- only a single vertical exciter is provided. In this way it is possible to achieve vibration excitations in all spatial directions with the aid of a single soil compacting bandage.
- Another aspect of the invention is also in a, in particular self-propelled, roller for soil compaction with at least one soil compaction bandage according to the preceding embodiments with a vertical exciter.
- An essential feature of the roller according to the invention is therefore that it has a soil compaction bandage, in the bandage interior of a first vibration excitation means is arranged in which exactly one imbalance shaft is arranged with its axis of rotation in the vertical direction.
- the roller can exert horizontal vibrations on this soil compaction bandage and thereby exert a horizontal Verdichtungsrüttelung on the ground.
- the roller according to the invention preferably comprises a machine frame on which a drive device is arranged, wherein furthermore a drive gear is present, is transmitted via the drive energy from the drive means in the interior of the bandage casing for driving the first vibration excitation means.
- a drive gear is present, is transmitted via the drive energy from the drive means in the interior of the bandage casing for driving the first vibration excitation means.
- the drive gear is designed such that it transmits the drive energy between these two components, that is from the drive device to the first vibration excitation device. It is preferably provided that the drive gear is guided or extends over only one end face of the two end faces of the soil compacting bandage in the interior of the soil compacting bandage. In this way, a simplified structure of the drive train is obtained.
- the roller preferably comprises a damping device which is designed essentially for absorbing and damping horizontal forces between the soil compacting bandage and the machine frame.
- the damping device is positioned on the roller so that it damps a vibration transmission from the soil compaction bandage to the machine frame.
- the damping device may be arranged at at least one bearing point between the machine frame of the roller and the Bodenverdichtungsbandage, wherein the damping element is positioned in the vertical direction between the connection to the machine frame and the Bodenverdichtungsbandage.
- the damping element in this embodiment is thus part of a sandwich-like overall structure, comprising the damping element, which is arranged upwardly and downwardly by a connection to the machine frame or a connection to the soil compacting bandage.
- the damping element is in particular a rubber buffer. This arrangement requires that vibrations in the horizontal plane cause a shear stress of the damping element. In this way, the damping properties of the damping element can be optimally utilized.
- the damping device is further preferably formed in such a way that in each case at least one damping element is present on both sides of the soil compacting bandage.
- the damping device is further preferably formed in such a way that the bearing point of the machine frame on the top and the bearing point of the soil compacting bandage are arranged on the underside of the damping element.
- the machine frame thus loads on top of the damping element, so that the machine weight presses on the damping element.
- This embodiment is also advantageous since the tensile load capacity of typical damping elements is significantly lower than the compressive load capacity.
- the damping device is designed essentially for receiving and damping horizontal forces acting parallel to the axis of rotation of the soil compacting bandage.
- the damping device is thus designed such that vibrations are damped particularly well transversely to the working direction of the roller. This can go so far that essentially only vibrations which are parallel to the axis of rotation of the compression bandage are damped by the damping device.
- the damping elements designed to receive shear forces in such a way that the direction in which the damping elements damp shear forces is parallel to the axis of rotation of the compression bandage.
- the damping device comprises a plurality of damping elements, wherein the damping elements are preferably arranged in a spoke shape or along a circle at equal angular intervals to each other about the axis of rotation of the soil compacting bandage.
- Vibrations acting parallel to the axis of rotation are thus damped by the damping elements, while vibrations directed radially to the axis of rotation are barely damped or not damped.
- a particularly good damping of the horizontal vibrations can be achieved parallel to the axis of rotation of the soil compacting bandage.
- damping elements prevent the damping of forces in the radial direction from the axis of rotation. Since in the arrangement of a plurality of damping elements, these are arranged at different positions about the axis of rotation, it comes with a relative to the machine frame static arrangement of the damping elements to uneven wear. To prevent this, it is preferred that the damping elements are arranged at bearings between the machine frame of the roller and the Bodenverdichtungsbandage, and that the bearing points are arranged such that they rotate with a rotation of the soil compacting drum around the axis of rotation. In other words, the damping elements are not rotationally decoupled from the soil compaction bandage. As a result, they are more evenly stressed, resulting in increased service life.
- damping device is designed as a sandwich according to the above embodiments and a damping device is spoke-like according to the preceding embodiments.
- This system has proven to be particularly advantageous if the sandwiching damping device is located on that side of the soil compacting drum on which the drive motor of the vibration excitation device is located or via which the drive motor of the vibration excitation device is energized, and if the spoke-like damping device on that side of the Bodenverdichtungsbandage is located on the drive motor for the rotation of the soil compacting drum around the axis of rotation.
- the integration of the soil compacting bandage according to the invention is basically suitable for types of rolls with one or more soil compacting drums, such as single drum compactors.
- the roller comprises two soil compacting bandages, wherein at least one of the soil compacting bandages comprises a vibration excitation device whose at least one imbalance shaft extends horizontally and in particular parallel to the axis of rotation of the compaction bandage, so that one of the two compaction bandages forms a vibration excitation device essentially designed for horizontal vibration another of the two soil compacting bandages has a vibration excitation device designed essentially for vertical compression.
- a conventional soil compaction bandage is combined with a vertical compaction soil compaction bandage according to the invention as described above.
- a compaction system for a roller is provided in this way, which enables a soil compaction or the generation of corresponding vibrations in all spatial directions or three-dimensionally, based on the total roller.
- the roller can thus be subjected to a relevant point first with horizontal vibrations and then with vertical vibrations and vice versa, whereby particularly high soil compaction results can be obtained at the same time relatively gentle soil compaction.
- the vibration excitation device in the other of the two soil compacting drums is a circular exciter, a directional vibrator or an oscillation exciter with a horizontal axis of rotation.
- Such vibration excitation devices are known in the art.
- one of the two soil compaction bandages comprises a vibration excitation device, in which only one imbalance shaft is arranged vertically and at least one further imbalance shaft is arranged horizontally, in each case based on their axes of rotation.
- This embodiment combines the advantages of soil compaction with horizontal vibration and vertical vibration in a single drum.
- control the vibration excitation devices of the two soil compacting bandages individually and independently of one another, for example with a suitable control unit.
- a control unit which controls the vibration excitation means of the two soil compaction bandages.
- the control unit is thus designed in such a way that it controls the vibration excitation device of the two soil compaction bandages with respect to their operating state, for example the rotational frequency, the control position of the unbalanced parts of a multipart unbalance, the switching on and off, etc.
- regulation of the two vibration excitation devices can also take place via the control unit, for example to achieve a defined soil density or the like.
- the control unit can act on the respective drive means and / or transmission of the vibration excitation means and these taxes.
- a hinged roller is characterized by an at least two-part machine frame, wherein the two frame parts of the machine frame are connected to each other via an articulated joint. To steer the roller, the relative position of the two machine frame parts is changed via the articulated joint.
- a speed-steered tandem roller has a machine frame and on each a turntable on this arranged soil compaction bandages.
- the vibration excitation device comprises exactly one vertically arranged imbalance shaft when the vibration excitation device has assumed its intended position. Such vibration excitation devices are usually traded as structural units.
- the vibration excitation device per se can advantageously be designed in such a way that the one imbalance shaft whose axis of rotation extends in the vertical direction, in a vertically upper region for the introduction of drive energy, in particular for connection to a drive device or a drive gear is formed.
- Essential for this embodiment is that the connection of the imbalance shaft to the drive train in the vertical direction seen in the region of the upper end of the imbalance shaft or coming from above.
- a possible development of the vibration excitation device per se also provides that it comprises a top and a bottom, and that a lubricating oil line is present, the lubricating oil coming from the bottom toward the top to at least one lubricating oil outlet directs.
- the lubricating oil line is preferably at least partially in the interior of the imbalance shaft, which can be designed as a hollow shaft, arranged.
- the invention also extends to a method for soil compaction with a roller having two compaction drums as described above.
- the method for soil compaction is characterized by the excitation of horizontal vibrations, in particular exclusively horizontal vibrations, in one of the two soil compaction drums and the excitation of vertical vibrations, in particular exclusively vertical vibrations, in the other of the two soil compaction drums.
- soil compacting bandages thus come about used, which are acted upon in each case only in one direction, horizontal or vertical, with vibrations or vibrations. In this way, only vibration exciters must be present in the respective bandages, which can generate vibrations in the appropriate direction, whereby the system as a whole is simplified and cheaper.
- FIG. 1 shows a roller 1, which is actually a tandem roller.
- Essential elements of the roller 1 are a machine frame 2 with a front frame 3 and a rear frame 4, which are connected to each other via an articulated joint 5, a drive motor 6, a cab 7 and a front and rear soil compaction bandage 8.
- the roller 1 moves in or contrary to the direction of work a over the ground subsurface U to be compacted and thereby rolls over the ground with the two soil compaction drums 8.
- the Bodenverdichtungsbandagen 8 have a substantially hollow cylindrical bandage casing 9, as in FIG. 2 is shown schematically.
- the soil compaction bandage 8 rotates about its axis of rotation D, which extends horizontally and transversely to the working direction a.
- the soil compaction bandage 8 and the bandage casing 9 have a width B along the axis D and a radius R.
- the bandage casing 9 may be formed integrally or in two parts with two bandage segments, as in FIG. 2 indicated by the dashed line 10.
- the bandage casing 9 surrounds a bandage interior 11, which is bounded in the radial direction by the bandage casing 9. In the direction of the axis of rotation D of the bandage interior extends on both sides in each case to the end sides or in the radial direction to the outer edges 12 of the bandage casing.
- the soil compacting bandage 8 has a first vibration excitation device 12 whose basic structure is simplified in the rough FIGS. 3a and 3b is specified.
- FIG. 3a is a side view and FIG. 3b a top view from above.
- An essential element of the first vibration excitation device 12 is an imbalance shaft 13, comprising an axle element 14 and an imbalance weight 15.
- the imbalance shaft 13 rotates during operation of the roller 1 about a vertical axis of rotation Rv, the in FIG. 3a indicated by dashed lines. In the state of the first vibration excitation device 12 inserted in the bandage interior 11, this rotation axis Rv thus extends vertically. By rotating in working mode unbalanced shaft 13 vibrations are generated in the horizontal plane XZ.
- the imbalance 15 is designed in several parts, as in FIG. 3b by the imbalance parts 15a and 15b, which together form the imbalance 15 indicates.
- the imbalance part 15b is concretely a so-called envelope weight which, depending on the direction of rotation the imbalance shaft 13 with respect to the balancing part 15a, two different positions can take.
- vibration excitation devices which are designed in such a way that the relative position of the imbalance parts 15a and 15b, at least within a defined range, in particular an angle range, are steplessly connected with one another, are also conceivable and included in the invention.
- FIG. 4 illustrates further details of the structure of the first vibration excitation means 12 and their arrangement within the bandage interior 11.
- the first vibration excitation means 12 is located along the axis of rotation D between the two disc discs 40.
- the unbalanced shaft 13 is arranged in the bandage interior 11 in such a way that its axis of rotation Rv standing or in the vertical direction and perpendicular to the ground.
- the axis of rotation D of the soil compacting bandage 8 intersects the axis of rotation Rv in the center of bandage 41.
- a drive motor 16 adjoins above, which may be, for example, a hydraulic or electric motor. This drives the rotational movement of the imbalance shaft 13 of the first vibration excitation device 12 about the rotation axis Rv directly.
- the imbalance shaft 13 is therefore at the same time the drive shaft in this case.
- the imbalance shaft 13 is rotatably mounted in two storage facilities 17 above and below the area of the imbalance weight 15.
- this total bearing device is led out on both sides of the front side of the bandage casing 9 from the bandage interior 11 and is there connected to the machine frame 2 below in more detail described manner.
- the bandage casing 9 is rotatably supported via pivot bearings 20, so that it is ensured that the first vibration excitation means 12 maintains the alignment of the imbalance shaft 13 in the vertical direction even when the bandage casing 9 rotates.
- the drive motor 16 may further include a drive gear 21, which in FIG.
- FIG. 4 illustrates further that the first vibration excitation means 12 comprises a housing 22, via which a shield of the first vibration excitation means 12th outwards.
- the elements unbalanced shaft 13 and pivot bearing 23 are arranged in the interior of the housing 22.
- a device for oil lubrication is present in the interior of the housing 22, comprising an oil sump 24, a delivery line 25 and a lubricating oil outlet opening 26.
- lubricating oil can be conveyed from the lubricating oil sump 24 in the vertical direction upwards to the lubricating oil outlet opening 26.
- a corresponding pump 27 may be provided.
- the elements conveying line 25, lubricating oil outlet opening 26 and pump 27 are arranged in one embodiment in the interior of the housing 22 but outside the unbalanced shaft 13.
- the delivery line 25 inside the then at least partially formed as a hollow shaft unbalanced shaft 13 and the lubricating oil outlet, for example at the height of the upper bearing means 17, in particular in the radial direction to the axis of rotation Rv outwardly provided to order on this Way to achieve a conveyor according to the principle of a centrifugal pump.
- a so-called directional oscillator comprising the two imbalance shafts 28a and 28b, so that two unbalance masses arranged in opposite directions are present for generating in particular vertically directed vibrations.
- the embodiment according to FIG. 5c also comprises two unbalanced shafts 28a and 28b with horizontally and transversely to the direction of rotation axes R H , wherein in this embodiment, the imbalance masses of the unbalanced shafts 28a and 28b are formed in the same direction rotating. All three embodiments according to the FIGS.
- 5a to 5c is common that they combine a first vibration excitation device, are generated via the vibrations in the horizontal plane (right), with a vibration generating device in another bandage, which are formed substantially for generating vibrations, in particular in the vertical plane.
- a three-dimensional compaction effect can be applied to the ground, whereby particularly gentle and at the same time comparatively high soil imperfections are obtained.
- FIG. 6 relates to an alternative embodiment of the soil compacting bandage 8 and is a cross-sectional view through the soil compaction bandage 8 along its axis of rotation D and in the vertical direction. It is essential first that the vibration excitation device 12 next to an imbalance shaft 13 with vertical axis of rotation R v comprises two further unbalanced shafts 28a and 28b, which are aligned with their axes of rotation along the axis of rotation D, ie horizontally, so that the soil compaction bandage 8 according to FIG. 6 in one and the same bandage comprises an overall system over which horizontal vibrations and at the same time vertical vibrations can be generated and used for soil compaction.
- the bandage casing 9 is formed over the width region B 1 with a constant diameter. However, to its end faces over the width B 2 , it is rounded on both sides with outwardly reducing bandage inner diameter, so that the bandage casing here has a convex cutting profile. In this way, a kind of wedge is formed between the bandage casing 9 and the ground surface U in this area, which is a gentle soil subsurface working in particular in the presence of horizontal and laterally parallel to the direction of the rotation axis D acting vibrations possible.
- the rounding can also be designed substantially flatter, as in FIG. 6 exemplified by the dotted line AB.
- the soil compaction bandage 8 according to FIG. 6 on one of its end faces a damping system or a damping device according to the FIGS. 9 and 10 and on the other end a damping system or a damping device according to the FIGS. 11 and 12 having. These will be described in more detail below.
- the embodiment according to FIG. 7 grasps the basic idea of the embodiments of the FIGS. 5a to 5c again.
- a control device 29 is provided, via which a simultaneous control of the vibration excitation means 12 and 12 'in the two bandages, ie a control of the vibrations generating in the horizontal plane and the vibrations generated in a vertical plane is possible.
- the operation of the vibration excitation means 12 and 12 ' for example in terms of Recirculation frequency, the angular position of any existing adjustment weights, etc., optimized for each other and adapted, for example, to the respective soil conditions.
- FIG. 8 schematically illustrates the structure of a preferred damping system for combination with the bandage 8 according to the invention. It is essential that a damping element 30 is provided which is arranged between a bearing part 31 connected to the machine frame 2 and a bearing part 32 connected to the soil compacting bandage 8 in the vertical direction. Overall, thus, a sandwich structure is obtained, wherein the elements 32, 30, 31 are arranged vertically stacked from bottom to top. In Fig. 8 these elements are shown spaced apart for further clarification in the vertical direction, wherein they are arranged one above the other in the installed state. The weight of the machine frame and the elements mounted thereon is thus introduced into the damping element 30 coming from above and discharged via the lower damping element via the soil compacting bandage 8 in the ground.
- the machine frame 2 rests thus coming from above on the upper side 30a of the damping element 30 so that it is loaded by the weight of the machine frame to pressure. If vibrations in the horizontal plane are generated in the soil compacting drum 8, they can be damped by shearing movements of the damping element 30 in the horizontal plane XZ. As a result, the optimum damping potential of the damping element 30 can be utilized.
- FIG. 9 shows the front side of a soil compacting bandage 8, on which a damping plate system is mounted on a plate 46, which may be connected to the disc plate 40, for example, or which is the plate disc 40.
- the damping system is arranged around an opening 44, through which, for example, the drive motor 16 of the vibration excitation device 12 or a drive train or a hydraulic line or a power cable for the drive motor 16 is guided.
- the bearing part 32 connected to the soil compacting bandage 8 is mounted on the plate 46 via a pivot 45.
- the swivel joint 45 is used for rotational decoupling of the soil compacting drum 8 relative to the damping system or the machine frame 2.
- the bearing part 32 is connected to the bearing part 31 connected to the machine frame 2 via a damping element 30.
- the weight of the roller 1 is thus transmitted via the machine frame 2 on the bearing part 31 and the damping element 30, and of this on the bearing part 32 and the soil compacting bandage 8.
- damping system thus, it is a sandwich-like arrangement which is rotationally decoupled from the soil compacting drum 8 and which does not rotate about the axis of rotation D when the soil compacting drum 8 is rotated.
- the damping system thus comprises four damping elements 30. Vibrations in the plane XZ are reliably damped by this system.
- FIGS. 11 and 12 An alternative embodiment of a damping system is described in FIGS FIGS. 11 and 12 shown, where FIG. 12 a sectional view taken along the line II-II FIG. 11 shows.
- FIG. 11 shows a plan view of the end face of the soil compaction bandage 8 and illustrates that the damping elements 30 are arranged like a spike or star around the axis of rotation D.
- the individual damping elements 30 are also rotated according to their respective position about the axis of rotation D, wherein the direction in which they dampen shear forces, always parallel to the axis of rotation D.
- eight damping elements 30 are arranged around the axis of rotation D.
- the individual damping elements 30 are arranged symmetrically at regular intervals and about the axis of rotation D.
- the bearing part 32 connected to the soil compacting bandage 8 is fastened to the soil compacting bandage 8 via a plate 46.
- the plate 46 may for example be attached to a dish washer 40 or even form the dish washer 40.
- About damping elements 30 of the bearing part 32 is connected to the bearing part 31, which in turn is connected via a rotary joint 43 and the traction motor 42 with the machine frame 2 in connection.
- the traction motor 42 is a hydraulic motor that is used to rotate the soil compaction bandage 8 about the rotation axis D, and thus the roller 1 in motion.
- the rotary joint 43 is used for the rotational decoupling of the traction motor 42 and the machine frame 2 with respect to the damping system and the soil compacting bandage 8.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Bodenverdichtungsbandage und eine Walze mit wenigstens einer solchen Bodenverdichtungsbandage. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Verfahren zur Bodenverdichtung mit einer zwei Bodenverdichtungsbandagen aufweisenden Walze.The invention relates to a soil compacting bandage and a roller with at least one such soil compacting bandage. The invention further relates to a method for soil compaction with a roller having two soil compaction drums.
Bei einer gattungsgemäßen Bodenverdichtungsbandage handelt es sich um einen im Wesentlichen hohlzylindrisch ausgebildeten Grundkörper, der nachstehend auch als Bandagenmantel bezeichnet wird. Der Bandagenmantel umgibt zumindest teilweise einen Bandageninnenraum, bei dem es sich somit um den Hohlzylinderinnenraum handelt, der in Radialrichtung zur Zylinderachse durch den Bandagenmantel begrenzt wird und sich in Richtung der Zylinderachse zu beiden Seiten jeweils bis zu einer Ebene erstreckt, die quer zur Zylinderachse verläuft und in der die Stirnseite des Bandagenmantels liegt. Ferner ist im Bandageninnenraum eine Schwingungserregungseinrichtung angeordnet, mit deren Hilfe die Bodenverdichtungsbandage in Schwingungen versetzbar ist. Die Schwingungserregungseinrichtung umfasst wenigstens eine um eine Rotationsachse umlaufend geführte Unwuchtwelle mit einer Unwucht, wobei die Rotationsbewegung der Unwuchtwelle um ihre Rotationsachse von einer Antriebseinrichtung antreibbar ist. Die Rotationsachse bezeichnet somit die Drehachse der Unwuchtwelle mit ihrer Unwucht. Derjenige Anteil des Bandageninnenraumes, in dem die Schwingungserregungseinrichtung liegt, wird vom restlichen Bandageninnenraum durch zwei quer zur Zylinderachse des Bandagenmantels liegenden und entlang dieser Zylinderachse voneinander beabstandeten Tellerscheiben abgetrennt. Lagerelemente und Anteile des Antriebsstranges für die Bodenverdichtungsbandage und/oder die Schwingungserregungseinrichtung können durch Öffnungen der Tellerscheiben hindurch geführt werden. Die Tellerscheiben dienen üblicherweise als Befestigungsvorrichtung für den hydrostatischen Fahrantrieb und zur Aufnahme der Schwingungserregungseinrichtung sowie als Abschluss der Bodenverdichtungsbandage.In a generic Bodenverdichtungsbandage is a substantially hollow cylindrical base body, which is also referred to below as a bandage coat. The bandage casing at least partially surrounds a bandage interior, which is thus the hollow cylinder interior, which is bounded in the radial direction to the cylinder axis by the bandage casing and extends in the direction of the cylinder axis on both sides in each case to a plane which is transverse to the cylinder axis and in which the front side of the bandage mantle lies. Furthermore, a vibration excitation device is arranged in the bandage interior, with the aid of which the soil compaction bandage is set into vibrations. The vibration excitation device comprises at least one imbalance shaft guided circumferentially around a rotation axis with an imbalance, wherein the rotational movement of the imbalance shaft about its axis of rotation can be driven by a drive device. The axis of rotation thus denotes the axis of rotation of the imbalance shaft with its imbalance. The portion of the bandage interior in which the vibration excitation device is located, is separated from the rest of the bandage interior by two transverse to the cylinder axis of the bandage casing and spaced along this cylinder axis plate washers. Bearing elements and parts of the drive train for the soil compacting bandage and / or the Vibration excitation means may be passed through openings of the dishwashers. The cup wheels usually serve as a fastening device for the hydrostatic drive and for receiving the vibration excitation device and as a conclusion of the soil compacting bandage.
Im Stand der Technik werden solche Bodenverdichtungsbandagen beispielsweise bei Walzen zur Untergrundverdichtung, insbesondere von Asphalt und Erdreich, eingesetzt. Mit solchen Schwingungserregungseinrichtungen können Schwingungen, insbesondere in Vertikalrichtung, erzeugt werden, um somit einen aktiven Verdichtungsprozess zu ermöglichen. Bei solchen Schwingungserregungseinrichtungen liegen die Unwuchtwellen in der weit überwiegenden Anzahl bekannter Vorrichtungen horizontal, so dass Schwingungen zumindest anteilig in Vertikalrichtung über die Bandage in den Bodenuntergrund eingeleitet werden können. Aus der
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung liegt nun darin, eine Bodenverdichtungsbandage und ein Verfahren zur Bodenverdichtung anzugeben, die einen einfachen Aufbau und gleichzeitig eine schonende Bodenuntergrundverdichtung ermöglicht.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a soil compaction bandage and a method for soil compaction, which allows a simple construction and at the same time a gentle soil subsurface compression.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe gelingt mit einer Bodenverdichtungsbandage, einer Walze sowie einem Verfahren gemäß den unabhängigen Ansprüchen. Bevorzugte Weiterbildungen sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.The solution of the problem is achieved with a soil compaction bandage, a roller and a method according to the independent claims. Preferred developments are specified in the dependent claims.
Ein wesentlicher Aspekt der Erfindung liegt darin, eine Bodenverdichtungsbandage vorzusehen, deren erste Schwingungserregungseinrichtung in der Weise im Bandageninnenraum angeordnet ist, dass die Rotationsachse genau einer Unwuchtwelle vertikal verläuft. Erfindungsgemäß ist somit genau, insbesondere ausschließlich, ein Vertikalerreger in der Verdichtungsbandage vorgesehen. Durch die Ausrichtung genau einer Unwuchtwelle in Vertikalrichtung dreht die Unwucht somit in einer horizontalen Ebene, so dass die erste Schwingungserregungseinrichtung zur Erzeugung von in der Horizontalebene liegenden Schwingungen ausgebildet ist. Gleichzeitig ist der Aufbau dieser Grundanordnung vergleichsweise einfach und damit kostengünstig, da nur und ausschließlich eine und gerade nicht mehrere in Vertikalrichtung verlaufende Unwuchtwellen vorhanden sind. Erfindungsgemäß mit umfasst sind selbstverständlich auch Schwingungserregungseinrichtungen, die neben der genau einen in Vertikalrichtung verlaufenden Unwuchtwelle weitere in andere Raumrichtungen verlaufende Unwuchtwellen, insbesondere horizontal und weiter insbesondere quer zur Arbeitsrichtung der Bodenverdichtungsbandage, umfassen. Entscheidend ist, dass in Bezug auf den Vertikalerreger jeweils nur einer in der Bodenverdichtungsbandage vorgesehen ist. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass mit dieser Anordnung bereits ein Schwingungsspektrum der Bodenverdichtungsbandage realisierbar ist, über das hervorragende Bodenverdichtungsergebnisse, insbesondere im Hinblick auf eine schonende Bodenverdichtung und die zu erreichende Bodendichte, erreicht werden können. Gleichzeitig ist der konstruktive Aufwand zur Integration des nur einen Vertikalerregers in den Innenraum des Bandagenmantels vergleichsweise gering.An essential aspect of the invention is to provide a soil compaction bandage, the first vibration excitation means is arranged in the manner in the bandage interior, that the axis of rotation is exactly one unbalanced shaft vertically. Thus, according to the invention, a vertical exciter is provided in the compression bandage precisely, in particular exclusively. By aligning exactly one imbalance shaft in the vertical direction, the imbalance turns Thus, in a horizontal plane, so that the first vibration excitation means for generating vibrations lying in the horizontal plane is formed. At the same time, the structure of this basic arrangement is comparatively simple and therefore cost-effective, since only one and not more than one vertically extending imbalance shafts are present. Naturally, vibration excitation devices are also included according to the invention which, in addition to the exactly one unbalanced shaft extending in the vertical direction, comprise further unbalanced shafts extending in other spatial directions, in particular horizontally and further in particular transversely to the working direction of the soil compacting drum. It is crucial that in relation to the vertical exciter only one in the soil compaction bandage is provided. It has been found that a vibration spectrum of the soil compaction bandage can be realized with this arrangement, on the excellent soil compaction results, especially with regard to a gentle soil compaction and the soil density to be achieved, can be achieved. At the same time the design effort for the integration of only one vertical exciter in the interior of the bandage casing is comparatively low.
Zur konkreten Anordnung der ersten Schwingungserregungseinrichtung im Bandageninnenraum kann auf eine Vielzahl verschiedener Ausführungsalternativen zurückgegriffen werden. Grundsätzlich ist hierzu idealerweise eine geeignete Lageranordnung vorgesehen, die eine zuverlässige Lagerung der Schwingungserregungseinrichtung im Bandageninnenraum mit in Vertikalrichtung ausgerichteter Rotationsachse des Vertikalerregers und gleichzeitig eine Drehbarkeit des Bandagenmantels gegenüber dem Vertikalerreger um eine horizontale Achse ermöglicht. Es ist daher erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass die Schwingungserregungseinrichtung über die Lageranordnung in der Weise im Bandageninnenraum angeordnet ist, dass der Bandagenmantel gegenüber der Schwingungserregungseinrichtung drehbar ist und die vertikal verlaufende Rotationsachse der einen Unwuchtwelle bei sich um eine horizontale Drehachse drehendem Bandagenmantel ihre Ausrichtung beibehält. Die Lageranordnung ist somit einerseits in der Weise ausgebildet, dass der Bandagenmantel relativ beweglich gegenüber der Schwingungserregungseinrichtung ist. Gleichzeitig ist die Lageranordnung vorzugsweise so ausgebildet, dass sie eine kontinuierliche Aufrechterhaltung der Vertikalausrichtung der Rotationsachse der einen Unwuchtwelle ermöglicht. So ist die Lageranordnung beispielsweise insbesondere auch in der Weise ausgebildet, dass abweichende Ausrichtungen der ersten Schwingungserregungseinrichtung von der Ausrichtung der vertikal verlaufenden Rotationsachse der einen Unwuchtwelle, insbesondere im montierten Zustand der Bodenverdichtungsbandage, nicht möglich sind, wodurch die Gesamtkonstruktion abermals vereinfacht werden kann.For a concrete arrangement of the first vibration excitation device in the bandage interior can be made of a variety of different alternative embodiments. Basically, a suitable bearing arrangement is ideally provided for this purpose, which enables a reliable mounting of the vibration excitation device in the bandage interior with aligned in the vertical direction of rotation of the vertical exciter and at the same time a rotation of the bandage jacket relative to the vertical exciter about a horizontal axis. It is therefore provided according to the invention that the vibration excitation means is arranged on the bearing assembly in the manner in the bandage interior, that the drum casing is rotatable relative to the vibration excitation means and the vertical axis of rotation of an unbalanced shaft maintains its orientation around a horizontal axis of rotation rotating bandage casing. The bearing assembly is thus formed on the one hand in such a way that the bandage casing is relatively movable relative to the vibration excitation device. At the same time, the bearing assembly is preferably designed to allow continuous maintenance of the vertical orientation of the axis of rotation of the one imbalance shaft. Thus, for example, the bearing arrangement is also designed in such a way that different orientations of the first vibration excitation device from the orientation of the vertical axis of rotation of an unbalanced shaft, in particular in the mounted state the soil compaction bandage, are not possible, whereby the overall construction can be simplified again.
Erfindungsgemäß ist die eine vertikal verlaufende Unwuchtwelle der ersten Schwingungserregungseinrichtung Teil eines Kreiserregers. Unter einem Kreiserreger wird vorliegend ein Schwingungserreger verstanden, der eine um die Rotationsachse kreisende Schwingungsamplitude auslöst. Wesentliche Elemente eines solchen Kreiserregers sind eine Erreger- bzw. Unwuchtwelle mit einer Unwucht und eine Antriebseinrichtung bzw. eine Anschlussmöglichkeit an eine Antriebseinrichtung. Da die Rotationsachse der einen Unwuchtwelle vertikal verläuft, entwickelt der Kreiserreger im Betrieb somit Schwingungen in der Horizontalebene. Kreiserreger, insbesondere einfacher Bauart, können vergleichsweise kostengünstig hergestellt werden und zeichnen sich durch eine hohe Betriebszuverlässigkeit aus.According to the invention, a vertically extending imbalance shaft of the first vibration excitation device is part of a circular exciter. In the present case, a circular exciter is understood as meaning a vibration exciter which triggers a vibration amplitude circulating about the axis of rotation. Essential elements of such a circular exciter are an exciter or imbalance shaft with an imbalance and a drive device or a connection possibility to a drive device. Since the axis of rotation of an unbalanced shaft is vertical, the circular pathogen thus develops vibrations in the horizontal plane during operation. Circular exciters, in particular simple design, can be produced relatively inexpensively and are characterized by a high operational reliability.
Wesentliche Parameter, die die Schwingungsamplitude der ersten Schwingungserregungseinrichtung beeinflussen, sind insbesondere die Umdrehungsfrequenz und die Masse der Unwucht. Je nach Anwendungsfall können unterschiedliche Drehzahlen gewünscht sein und/oder unterschiedliche Unwuchtmassen bzw. Masseverteilungen. Insofern ist es bevorzugt, wenn die Unwucht der einen Unwuchtwelle zweiteilig ausgebildet ist, wobei die Relativposition der beiden Unwuchtteile um die Rotationsachse der Unwuchtwelle relativ zueinander, insbesondere zweistufig oder stufenlos, verstellbar ist. Die Unwucht weist somit einen ersten Unwuchtteil und einen zweiten Unwuchtteil auf, wobei insbesondere der erste Unwuchtteil ortsfest mit der Unwuchtwelle verbunden ist und der zweite Unwuchtteil dazu relativ beweglich. Auf diese Weise kann die Unwuchtverteilung an der Unwuchtwelle, insbesondere in der Ebene quer zur Rotationsachse, variiert werden, wodurch eine Amplitudenvariabilität erreicht wird. Zweistufige Verstellmöglichkeiten, d.h. solche Verstellmöglichkeiten, bei denen die beiden Unwuchtteile zwei Endpositionen zueinander einnehmen können, werden insbesondere durch sogenannte Umschlaggewichte erhalten, wie sie im Stand der Technik bekannt sind. Eine stufenlose Verstellung bedeutet dagegen, dass die Winkelstellung der beiden Unwuchtteile in der Ebene quer zur Rotationsachse in einem bestimmten Winkelbereich stufenlos variierbar ist, beispielsweise über ein geeignetes Verstellgetriebe.Essential parameters which influence the oscillation amplitude of the first oscillation exciter are in particular the revolution frequency and the mass of the imbalance. Depending on the application, different speeds may be desired and / or different imbalance masses or mass distributions. In this respect, it is preferred if the imbalance of an imbalance shaft is formed in two parts, wherein the relative position of the two imbalance parts about the rotational axis of the imbalance shaft relative to each other, in particular two-stage or continuously, is adjustable. The imbalance thus has a first imbalance part and a second imbalance part, wherein in particular the first imbalance part is fixedly connected to the imbalance shaft and the second imbalance part to relatively movable. In this way, the imbalance distribution on the imbalance shaft, in particular in the plane transverse to the rotation axis, can be varied, whereby an amplitude variability is achieved. Two-stage adjustment options, i. Such adjustment possibilities, in which the two imbalance parts can assume two end positions relative to one another, are obtained in particular by so-called envelope weights, as are known in the prior art. A stepless adjustment, however, means that the angular position of the two imbalance parts in the plane transverse to the axis of rotation in a certain angular range is continuously variable, for example via a suitable adjusting.
Ein wesentlicher Aspekt der Erfindung liegt darin, dass die erste Schwingungserregungseinrichtung im Bandageninnenraum angeordnet ist. Hier kann grundsätzlich auf den gesamten Umfang des Bandageninnenraums zurückgegriffen werden. Als ideal hat es sich nun erwiesen, die erste Schwingungserregungseinrichtung im Bandageninnenraum in der Weise anzuordnen, dass die Rotationsachse der einen Unwuchtwelle die Drehachse der Bodenverdichtungsbandage senkrecht schneidet. Die Drehachse der Bodenverdichtungsbandage ist dabei diejenige Achse, um die sich die Bodenverdichtungsbandage im Bewegungsbetrieb dreht. Die Drehachse ist mit anderen Worten die Zylinderachse des Bandagenmantels.An essential aspect of the invention is that the first vibration excitation device is arranged in the bandage interior. Basically, the entire circumference of the bandage interior can be used here. It has now proven to be ideal to arrange the first vibration excitation device in the bandage interior in such a way that the axis of rotation of an unbalanced shaft perpendicularly intersects the axis of rotation of the soil compacting drum. The axis of rotation of the soil compaction bandage is that axis about which the soil compacting bandage rotates during the movement operation. In other words, the axis of rotation is the cylinder axis of the bandage casing.
Um eine möglichst gleichmäßige Schwingungsübertragung auf den Bodenuntergrund zu erreichen, ist es weiter bevorzugt, wenn die erste Schwingungseinrichtung in der Weise angeordnet ist, dass die Rotationsachse der einen Unwuchtwelle zu beiden Stirnseiten des Bandagenmantels in Axialrichtung der Drehachse gleichmäßig beabstandet ist. Die Axialrichtung bezeichnet eine Richtung, die entlang der Drehachse des Bandagenmantels bzw. der Bodenverdichtungsbandage verläuft. In Bezug auf die Erstreckung der Bodenverdichtungsbandage in Axialrichtung ist die Unwuchtwelle des Vertikalerregers somit in der Mitte angeordnet. Insbesondere ist es bevorzugt, wenn die erste Schwingungserregungseinrichtung in der Weise angeordnet ist, dass die Rotationsachse der einen Unwuchtwelle durch den Bandagenschwerpunkt verläuft. Der Bandagenschwerpunkt bezeichnet dabei den Massenmittelpunkt der Bodenverdichtungsbandage. Es ist weiterhin besonders bevorzugt, wenn der Bandagenschwerpunkt auf der Drehachse der Bodenverdichtungsbandage liegt. In diesem Fall liegt der Bandagenschwerpunkt also insbesondere auf dem Schnittpunkt der Drehachse der Bodenverdichtungsbandage und der Rotationsachse der einen Unwuchtwelle. In dieser Ausführungsform ist eine besonders gleichmäßige und damit schonende Schwingungsübertragung auf den Bodenuntergrund realisiert.In order to achieve the most uniform possible vibration transmission to the ground, it is further preferred if the first vibration device is arranged in such a way that the axis of rotation of the one imbalance shaft is equally spaced on both faces of the bandage sheath in the axial direction of the axis of rotation. The axial direction denotes a direction that runs along the axis of rotation of the bandage casing or the soil compacting bandage. With respect to the extension of the soil compaction bandage in the axial direction, the imbalance shaft of the vertical exciter is thus arranged in the middle. In particular, it is preferred if the first vibration excitation device is arranged in such a way that the axis of rotation of the one imbalance shaft passes through the center of gravity of the bandage. The center of the bandage refers to the center of mass of the soil compaction bandage. It is furthermore particularly preferred if the center of gravity of the bandage lies on the axis of rotation of the soil compacting bandage. In this case, the center of gravity of the bandage therefore lies in particular at the point of intersection of the axis of rotation of the soil compaction bandage and the axis of rotation of the one imbalance shaft. In this embodiment, a particularly uniform and thus gentle vibration transmission is realized on the ground.
Zum Antrieb der ersten Schwingungserregungseinrichtung kann grundsätzlich auf ein breites Spektrum alternativer Möglichkeiten zurückgegriffen werden. Im praktischen Einsatz hat es sich dabei als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn die erste Schwingungserregungseinrichtung eine Antriebswelle umfasst, die vertikal angeordnet ist und an einem Ende, insbesondere an ihrem oberen Ende, mit der Antriebseinrichtung verbunden ist. Die Antriebswelle der ersten Schwingungserregungseinrichtung bezeichnet dabei eine Welle, über die Antriebsenergie in die Schwingungserregungseinrichtung eingebracht wird. Im einfachsten Fall kann die Antriebswelle die eine Unwuchtwelle selbst sein. Idealerweise ist die Antriebseinrichtung nun innerhalb des Bandageninnenraums angeordnet, wobei hier insbesondere auf einen direkt mit der Antriebswelle und im Speziellen mit der Unwuchtwelle verbundenen Hydraulikmotor oder Elektromotor zurückgegriffen werden kann. Auf diese Weise wird ein äußerst kompakter und in Anbetracht des geringen zur Verfügung stehenden Bauraums bevorzugter Aufbau erhalten.In principle, a wide range of alternative options can be used to drive the first vibration excitation device. In practical use, it has proven to be advantageous if the first vibration excitation means comprises a drive shaft which is arranged vertically and is connected at one end, in particular at its upper end, with the drive means. In this case, the drive shaft of the first vibration excitation device designates a shaft via which drive energy is introduced into the vibration excitation device. In the simplest case, the drive shaft may be the one unbalanced shaft itself. Ideally, the drive device is now arranged within the bandage interior, in which case a recourse can be made in particular to a hydraulic motor or electric motor connected directly to the drive shaft and in particular to the imbalance shaft. In this way, a very compact and in view of the small amount of space available preferred structure is obtained.
Alternativ kann auch ein Antriebsgetriebe vorhanden sein, das in der Weise ausgebildet ist, dass es von der Antriebseinrichtung zur Verfügung gestellte Antriebsenergie in die Antriebswelle überträgt. In diesem Fall ist zwischen der Antriebseinrichtung und der Antriebs- bzw. Unwuchtwelle somit ein Getriebe zwischengeschaltet, so dass die Antriebseinrichtung und die Antriebswelle mittelbar miteinander in Wirkverbindung stehen. Dies kann beispielsweise dann von Vorteil sein, wenn die Antriebseinrichtung örtlich beabstandet zur Antriebswelle, beispielsweise außerhalb des Bandageninnenraums beziehungsweise außerhalb des von den Tellerscheiben umgebenen Anteils des Bandageninnenraums, angeordnet ist. Konkret kann hier beispielsweise auf Riemengetriebe, Kettengetriebe oder Zahnradgetriebe oder vergleichbare Getriebe zurückgegriffen werden, wobei hier insbesondere der Einsatz im Wesentlichen in einer horizontalen Ebene angeordneter Getriebe bevorzugt ist.Alternatively, a drive gear may also be present, which is designed in such a way that it transmits drive energy provided by the drive device to the drive shaft. In this case, a transmission is thus interposed between the drive device and the drive or imbalance shaft, so that the drive device and the drive shaft are indirectly in operative connection with each other. This may be advantageous, for example, if the drive device is arranged at a distance from the drive shaft, for example outside the bandage interior or outside the portion of the bandage interior surrounded by the ring washers. In concrete terms, belt drives, chain transmissions or toothed gearing or comparable transmissions can be used here, for example, whereby in particular the use of transmissions arranged essentially in a horizontal plane is preferred.
Ideal ist es dabei, wenn das Antriebsgetriebe als Teil der Bodenverdichtungsbandage zum Anschluss an eine außerhalb der Tellerscheiben und/oder außerhalb der Bodenverdichtungsbandage angeordnete Antriebseinrichtung ausgebildet ist. Dies kann beispielsweise der Antriebsmotor einer übergeordneten Baumaschine, insbesondere einer Walze mit einer solchen Bodenverdichtungsbandage, sein. Dies erleichtert den Wechsel der Bodenverdichtungsbandage, da auf diese Weise das Antriebsgetriebe nicht zwangsläufig beim Austausch der Bodenverdichtungsbandage aus der jeweiligen Bodenverdichtungsbandage ausgebaut werden muss. Auf diese Weise ist ein schnellerer Austausch möglich. Als außerhalb der Tellerscheiben wird vorliegend alles verstanden, was nicht zwischen den beiden Tellerscheiben der Bodenverdichtungsbandage liegt. Außerhalb der Tellerscheiben liegt also auch derjenigen Anteil des Bandageninnenraumes, der entlang der Drehachse der Bodenverdichtungsbandage beziehungsweise quer zur Arbeitsrichtung der Walze außerhalb des von den Tellerscheiben begrenzten Anteils des Bandageninnenraumes liegt.It is ideal if the drive gear is designed as part of the soil compacting bandage for connection to a drive device arranged outside the disc discs and / or outside the soil compacting bandage. This may be, for example, the drive motor of a superordinate construction machine, in particular a roller with such a soil compaction bandage. This facilitates the change of soil compaction bandage, since in this way the drive gear does not necessarily have to be removed when replacing the soil compaction bandage from the respective soil compaction bandage. In this way a faster exchange is possible. In the present case, everything outside the disc discs is understood to mean anything that does not lie between the two disc discs of the soil compacting bandage. Outside of the disc discs is therefore that portion of the bandage interior, which is located along the axis of rotation of the soil compacting bandage or transversely to the working direction of the roller outside of the limited by the disc plates portion of the bandage interior.
Um die erste Schwingungserregungseinrichtung möglichst vor äußeren Einflüssen zu schützen, ist diese bevorzugt gekapselt ausgebildet und umfasst dazu ein Kapselgehäuse, in dessen Innenraum wenigstens die Unwucht und die Unwuchtwelle angeordnet ist. Das Kapselgehäuse umschließt somit wesentliche Elemente der ersten Schwingungserregungseinrichtung. Insbesondere sind im Betrieb zu schmierende Bereiche, nachfolgend auch als Schmierstellen bezeichnet, der ersten Schwingungserregungseinrichtung innerhalb des Kapselgehäuses angeordnet. Eine Schmierstelle bezeichnet dabei eine Stelle der ersten Schwingungserregungseinrichtung, in der eine Schmierung zwischen zwei zueinander beweglichen Teilen erforderlich ist, wie es beispielsweise in Lagern und/oder bei aneinander bewegbaren Getriebeelementen der Fall ist. Typische Schmierstellen sind daher vorliegend insbesondere beispielsweise Lager, speziell für rotierende Elemente, wie beispielsweise die Unwuchtwelle.In order to protect the first vibration excitation device as possible from external influences, this is preferably encapsulated and includes a capsule housing, in the interior of which at least the imbalance and imbalance wave is arranged. The capsule housing thus encloses essential elements of the first vibration excitation device. In particular, areas to be lubricated during operation, hereinafter also referred to as lubrication points, of the first vibration excitation device are arranged within the capsule housing. A lubrication point refers to a point of the first vibration excitation device in which a lubrication between two mutually movable parts is required, as is the case for example in bearings and / or with movable gear elements. typical Lubrication points are therefore present in particular, for example, bearings, especially for rotating elements, such as the imbalance shaft.
Um einen zuverlässigen und effizienten Betrieb der ersten Schwingungserregungseinrichtung vorzusehen, ist vorzugsweise eine sogenannte Ölumlaufschmierung vorgesehen. Eine Ölumlaufschmierung liegt dann vor, wenn ein Schmierölkreislauf durch innerhalb der ersten Schwingungserregungseinrichtung zirkulierendes Schmieröl aufrechterhalten werden kann. Auch hier kann auf eine Vielzahl verschiedener Ausführungsformen zurückgegriffen werden, wobei die Ölumlaufschmierung insbesondere eine Pumpe, speziell Fliehkraftpumpe, umfasst, die im Rotationsbetriebe der ersten Schwingungserregungseinrichtung Schmieröl aus einem Ölsumpf zu Schmierstellen der ersten Schwingungserregungseinrichtung, insbesondere zu Schmierstellen der einen Umwuchtwelle, fördert. Eine Fliehkraftpumpe bezeichnet vorliegend eine Pumpe, deren treibende Kraft die Fliehkraft ist. Die Fliehkraftpumpe ist dabei insbesondere in der Weise ausgebildet, dass die im Rotationsbetrieb der Unwuchtwelle auftretenden Fliehkräfte die Fliehkraftpumpe bzw. deren Förderwirkung antreiben. Der Ölsumpf bezeichnet eine Art Sammelbecken, in dem aus den Schmierstellen und dem übrigen Bereich der ersten Schwingungserregungseinrichtung abfließendes Schmieröl gesammelt wird. Ideal ist es, wenn die Ölumlaufschmierung eine zumindest teilweise innerhalb der einen Unwuchtwelle der ersten Schwingungserregungseinrichtung verlaufende und Schmieröl zumindest teilweise in Vertikalrichtung leitende Versorgungsleitung umfasst. Die Unterbringung innerhalb der einen Unwuchtwelle, bei der es sich insbesondere um wenigstens teilweise eine Hohlwelle handelt, ist äußerst platzsparend und ermöglicht zudem insbesondere eine Umsetzung des Prinzips Fliehkraftpumpe. Dazu ist der Schmierölauslass der Versorgungsleitung insbesondere in Radialrichtung nach außen gerichtet ausgebildet und der Steigteil der Versorgungsleitung eher zur Rotationsachse hin angeordnet.In order to provide a reliable and efficient operation of the first vibration excitation device, a so-called oil circulation lubrication is preferably provided. An oil circulation lubrication is present when a lubricating oil circuit can be maintained by circulating within the first vibration excitation means lubricating oil. Here, too, can be used on a variety of different embodiments, the oil circulation lubrication in particular a pump, especially centrifugal pump includes, which promotes in the rotational operations of the first vibration excitation lubricant oil from an oil sump to lubrication points of the first vibration excitation device, in particular to lubrication points of a Umwuchtwelle. In the present case, a centrifugal pump refers to a pump whose driving force is the centrifugal force. The centrifugal pump is designed in particular in such a way that the centrifugal forces occurring in the rotational operation of the imbalance shaft drive the centrifugal pump or its conveying effect. The oil sump designates a type of reservoir in which lubricating oil draining from the lubrication points and the remaining region of the first vibration excitation device is collected. It is ideal if the oil circulation lubrication comprises a supply line running at least partially within the one imbalance shaft of the first vibration excitation device and conducting lubricating oil at least partially in the vertical direction. The accommodation within the one unbalanced shaft, which is in particular at least partially a hollow shaft, is extremely space-saving and also allows in particular an implementation of the principle centrifugal pump. For this purpose, the lubricating oil outlet of the supply line is designed to be directed outwards, in particular in the radial direction, and the riser part of the supply line is arranged more towards the axis of rotation.
Die vorliegende Bodenverdichtungsbandage ermöglicht durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung der ersten Schwingungserregungseinrichtung die Beaufschlagung der Bodenverdichtungsbandage mit in der Horizontalebene wirkenden Schwingungen. Um im praktischen Arbeitseinsatz insbesondere das Auftreten von Bearbeitungskanten zu verhindern, sind die Außenkanten des Bandagenmantels vorzugsweise nach außen in Richtung zur Drehachse der Bodenverdichtungsbandage abgerundet ausgebildet. Damit weist der Bandagenmantel zu seinen Stirnseiten hin ein abgerundetes, im Schnitt entlang der Längsachse konvexes, Bandagenprofil auf und keine scharfe, rechtwinklige Außenkante. Damit der durch die Abrundung erreichte Schutzeffekt des Untergrundbelages auch bei wirkenden Horizontalschwingungen zuverlässig erreicht wird, erstreckt sich die Abrundung insbesondere in einem Bereich bezogen auf die Breite der Bodenverdichtungsbandage von > 1 %, insbesondere > 2 %, und ganz besonders > 5 % zur jeweiligen Stirnseite der Bodenverdichtungsbandage. In diesem Bereich weicht die Bodenverdichtungsbandage somit von einem Verlauf der Außenmanteloberfläche mit gleichmäßigen und konstanten Radialabstand entlang der Drehachse ab und weist vielmehr einen sich in Richtung zur Stirnseite hin verkleinernden Außenumfang auf. Der Rundungsverlauf muss ferner nicht unbedingt entlang eines Segments einer Kreisbahn verlaufen, sondern kann beispielsweise auch an den Verlauf einer ellipsenförmigen Bahn oder an eine segmentiert ausgebildete Bahn angepasst ausgebildet sein. Wesentlich ist, dass durch die Abrundung eine Art Keil zum Bodenuntergrund gebildet wird und die Bandage nicht mit einer scharfen Kante zum Bodenuntergrund endet.The present soil compaction bandage allows by the inventive design of the first vibration excitation device, the loading of the soil compaction bandage acting in the horizontal plane vibrations. In order to prevent the occurrence of processing edges in the practical work, in particular, the outer edges of the bandage casing are preferably rounded outwards in the direction of the axis of rotation of the soil compacting bandage. Thus, the bandage coat on its front sides on a rounded, in section along the longitudinal axis convex, bandage profile and no sharp, right-angled outer edge. So that the protective effect of the underlying surface achieved by the rounding is reliably achieved even with acting horizontal vibrations, the rounding extends in particular in a range related to the width of the soil compacting bandage of> 1%, in particular> 2%, and especially> 5% to the respective face of the soil compacting bandage. In this area, the soil compaction bandage thus differs from a course of the outer casing surface with a uniform and constant radial distance along the axis of rotation and rather has an outer circumference which decreases in the direction of the end face. Furthermore, the rounding course does not necessarily have to run along a segment of a circular path, but can also be adapted, for example, to the course of an elliptical path or to a segmented path. It is essential that the rounding a kind of wedge to the ground surface is formed and the bandage does not end with a sharp edge to the ground.
Die erfindungsgemäße Bodenverdichtungsbandage kann einen Bandagenmantel umfassen, der einstückig oder zweigeteilt ausgebildet ist. Letzteres ist insbesondere bei Kurvenfahrten von Vorteil. Ein zweiteiliger Bandagemantel umfasst zwei hohlzylinderförmige Einzelzylinder, die in Richtung der Zylinderachse nebeneinander angeordnet sind.The soil compacting bandage according to the invention may comprise a bandage casing which is formed in one piece or in two parts. The latter is particularly advantageous when cornering. A two-part bandage jacket comprises two hollow cylindrical individual cylinders, which are arranged side by side in the direction of the cylinder axis.
Um die Einsatzvariabilität der erfindungsgemäßen Bodenverdichtungsbandage weiter zu erhöhen, ist erfindungsgemäß im Bandageninnenraum eine weitere Schwingungserregungseinrichtung angeordnet, deren wenigstens eine Unwuchtwelle horizontal und insbesondere parallel zur Drehachse der Verdichtungsbandage verläuft. Es ist somit neben der einen vertikalen Unwuchtwelle wenigstens eine weitere Unwuchtwelle vorhanden, die jedoch horizontal angeordnet ist, so dass über diese Unwuchtwelle insbesondere in einer Ebene quer zur Horizontalebene verlaufende Schwingungen bereitgestellt werden können. Nach wie vor ist nur ein einziger Vertikalerreger vorgesehen. Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, mit Hilfe einer einzelnen Bodenverdichtungsbandage Schwingungserregungen in sämtliche Raumrichtungen zu erreichen.In order to further increase the versatility of the soil compacting bandage according to the invention, a further vibration excitation device is arranged according to the invention in the bandage interior, whose at least one imbalance shaft extends horizontally and in particular parallel to the axis of rotation of the compaction bandage. It is thus in addition to the one vertical unbalanced shaft at least one further unbalanced shaft present, but which is arranged horizontally, so that over this imbalance wave in particular in a plane transverse to the horizontal plane extending vibrations can be provided. As before, only a single vertical exciter is provided. In this way it is possible to achieve vibration excitations in all spatial directions with the aid of a single soil compacting bandage.
Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung liegt auch in einer, insbesondere selbstfahrenden, Walze zur Bodenverdichtung mit wenigstens einer Bodenverdichtungsbandage gemäß den vorhergehenden Ausführungen mit einem Vertikalerreger. Ein wesentliches Merkmal der erfindungsgemäßen Walze liegt somit darin, dass sie einen Bodenverdichtungsbandage aufweist, in deren Bandageninnenraum eine erste Schwingungserregungseinrichtung angeordnet ist, bei der genau eine Unwuchtwelle mit ihrer Rotationsachse in Vertikalrichtung angeordnet ist. Damit kann die Walze über diese Bodenverdichtungsbandage Horizontalschwingungen ausüben und dabei eine horizontale Verdichtungsrüttelung auf den Bodenuntergrund ausüben.Another aspect of the invention is also in a, in particular self-propelled, roller for soil compaction with at least one soil compaction bandage according to the preceding embodiments with a vertical exciter. An essential feature of the roller according to the invention is therefore that it has a soil compaction bandage, in the bandage interior of a first vibration excitation means is arranged in which exactly one imbalance shaft is arranged with its axis of rotation in the vertical direction. Thus, the roller can exert horizontal vibrations on this soil compaction bandage and thereby exert a horizontal Verdichtungsrüttelung on the ground.
Die erfindungsgemäße Walze umfasst vorzugsweise einen Maschinenrahmen, an dem eine Antriebseinrichtung angeordnet ist, wobei ferner ein Antriebsgetriebe vorhanden ist, über das Antriebsenergie von der Antriebseinrichtung in den Innenraum des Bandagenmantels zum Antrieb der ersten Schwingungserregungseinrichtung übertragen wird. Wesentliches Merkmal dieser Ausführungsform ist somit, dass die erste Schwingungserregungseinrichtung und die Antriebseinrichtung örtlich getrennt sind, konkret in der Weise, dass die Antriebseinrichtung am Maschinenrahmen und die erste Schwingungserregungseinrichtung im Bandageninnenraum angeordnet ist. Das Antriebsgetriebe ist derart ausgebildet, dass es die Antriebsenergie zwischen diesen beiden Komponenten, dass heißt von der Antriebseinrichtung zur ersten Schwingungserregungseinrichtung überträgt. Dabei ist es bevorzugt vorgesehen, dass das Antriebsgetriebe über ausschließlich eine Stirnseite der beiden Stirnseiten der Bodenverdichtungsbandage in den Innenraum der Bodenverdichtungsbandage geführt ist bzw. verläuft. Auf diese Weise wird ein vereinfachter Aufbau des Antriebsstrangs erhalten.The roller according to the invention preferably comprises a machine frame on which a drive device is arranged, wherein furthermore a drive gear is present, is transmitted via the drive energy from the drive means in the interior of the bandage casing for driving the first vibration excitation means. An essential feature of this embodiment is thus that the first vibration excitation means and the drive means are spatially separated, specifically in such a way that the drive means is arranged on the machine frame and the first vibration excitation means in the bandage interior. The drive gear is designed such that it transmits the drive energy between these two components, that is from the drive device to the first vibration excitation device. It is preferably provided that the drive gear is guided or extends over only one end face of the two end faces of the soil compacting bandage in the interior of the soil compacting bandage. In this way, a simplified structure of the drive train is obtained.
Um eine Schwingungsübertragung von der Bodenverdichtungsbandage zum Maschinenrahmen der Walze hin zu verhindern bzw. zumindest zu vermindern, umfasst die Walze vorzugsweise eine Dämpfungseinrichtung, die im Wesentlichen zur Aufnahme und Dämpfung von Horizontalkräften zwischen der Bodenverdichtungsbandage und dem Maschinenrahmen ausgebildet ist. Konkret ist die Dämpfungseinrichtung dabei so an der Walze positioniert, dass sie eine Schwingungsübertragung von der Bodenverdichtungsbandage zum Maschinenrahmen hin dämpft. Vorzugsweise kann die Dämpfungseinrichtung dazu an wenigstens einer Lagerstelle zwischen dem Maschinenrahmen der Walze und der Bodenverdichtungsbandage angeordnet sein, wobei das Dämpfungselement in Vertikalrichtung zwischen der Anbindung zum Maschinenrahmen und der Bodenverdichtungsbandage positioniert ist. Das Dämpfungselement ist bei dieser Ausführungsform somit Teil einer sandwichartigen Gesamtstruktur, umfassend das Dämpfungselement, das nach oben und nach unten durch eine Anbindung zum Maschinenrahmen bzw. eine Anbindung zur Bodenverdichtungsbandage angeordnet ist. Bei dem Dämpfungselement handelt es sich insbesondere um einen Gummipuffer. Diese Anordnung bedingt, dass Schwingungen in der Horizontalebene eine Scherbeanspruchung des Dämpfungselementes hervorrufen. Auf diese Weise können die Dämpfungseigenschaften des Dämpfungselementes optimal ausgenutzt werden. Die Dämpfungseinrichtung ist ferner vorzugsweise in der Weise ausgebildet, dass auf beiden Seiten der Bodenverdichtungsbandage jeweils wenigstens ein Dämpfungselement vorhanden ist.In order to prevent or at least reduce vibration transmission from the soil compacting bandage to the machine frame of the roller, the roller preferably comprises a damping device which is designed essentially for absorbing and damping horizontal forces between the soil compacting bandage and the machine frame. Specifically, the damping device is positioned on the roller so that it damps a vibration transmission from the soil compaction bandage to the machine frame. Preferably, the damping device may be arranged at at least one bearing point between the machine frame of the roller and the Bodenverdichtungsbandage, wherein the damping element is positioned in the vertical direction between the connection to the machine frame and the Bodenverdichtungsbandage. The damping element in this embodiment is thus part of a sandwich-like overall structure, comprising the damping element, which is arranged upwardly and downwardly by a connection to the machine frame or a connection to the soil compacting bandage. The damping element is in particular a rubber buffer. This arrangement requires that vibrations in the horizontal plane cause a shear stress of the damping element. In this way, the damping properties of the damping element can be optimally utilized. The damping device is further preferably formed in such a way that in each case at least one damping element is present on both sides of the soil compacting bandage.
Die Dämpfungseinrichtung ist ferner vorzugsweise in der Weise ausgebildet, dass die Lagerstelle des Maschinenrahmens auf der Oberseite und die Lagerstelle der Bodenverdichtungsbandage auf der Unterseite des Dämpfungselementes angeordnet sind. Bei dieser Ausführungsform lastet der Maschinenrahmen somit auf der Oberseite des Dämpfungselementes, so dass das Maschinengewicht auf das Dämpfungselement drückt. Auch diese Ausführungsform ist vorteilhaft, da die Zugbelastungsfähigkeit typischer Dämpfungselemente gegenüber der Druckbelastungsfähigkeit erheblich zurücksteht.The damping device is further preferably formed in such a way that the bearing point of the machine frame on the top and the bearing point of the soil compacting bandage are arranged on the underside of the damping element. In this embodiment, the machine frame thus loads on top of the damping element, so that the machine weight presses on the damping element. This embodiment is also advantageous since the tensile load capacity of typical damping elements is significantly lower than the compressive load capacity.
Um die Belastungsfähigkeit der Dämpfungseinrichtung weiter zu erhöhen, ist es möglich, vorzusehen, dass Schwingungen in einer bestimmten Richtung besonders gut gedämpft werden. Es ist daher bevorzugt, dass die Dämpfungseinrichtung im Wesentlichen zur Aufnahme und Dämpfung von Horizontalkräften ausgebildet ist, die parallel zur Drehachse der Bodenverdichtungsbandage wirken. Die Dämpfungseinrichtung ist also derart ausgebildet, dass Schwingungen quer zur Arbeitsrichtung der Walze besonders gut gedämpft werden. Dies kann so weit gehen, dass im Wesentlichen nur Schwingungen, die parallel zur Drehachse der Verdichtungsbandage verlaufen, von der Dämpfungseinrichtung gedämpft werden.In order to further increase the load capacity of the damping device, it is possible to provide that vibrations in a certain direction are damped particularly well. It is therefore preferred that the damping device is designed essentially for receiving and damping horizontal forces acting parallel to the axis of rotation of the soil compacting bandage. The damping device is thus designed such that vibrations are damped particularly well transversely to the working direction of the roller. This can go so far that essentially only vibrations which are parallel to the axis of rotation of the compression bandage are damped by the damping device.
Dazu ist es beispielsweise möglich, die zur Aufnahme von Scherkräften ausgebildeten Dämpfungselemente derart anzuordnen, dass die Richtung, in denen die Dämpfungselemente Scherkräfte dämpfen, parallel zur Drehachse der Verdichtungsbandage liegt. Durch die Anordnung mehrerer solcher Dämpfungselemente, wobei die Dämpfungselemente jeweils in einem anderen Winkel um die Drehachse rotiert sind, wird erreicht, dass zwar alle Dämpfungselemente Scherkräfte parallel zur Drehachse dämpfen, aber keine Dämpfung von Kräften in anderen Richtungen stattfindet, beispielsweise radial zur Rotationsachse der Bandage. Konkret bedeutet dies, dass die Dämpfungseinrichtung mehrere Dämpfungselemente umfasst, wobei die Dämpfungselemente vorzugsweise speichenförmig bzw. entlang eines Kreises mit gleichen Winkelabständen zueinander um die Drehachse der Bodenverdichtungsbandage angeordnet sind. Parallel zur Drehachse wirkende Schwingungen werden so von den Dämpfungselementen gedämpft, während radial zur Drehachse gerichtete Schwingungen kaum bis nicht gedämpft werden. Durch diese Anordnung der Dämpfungselemente lässt sich eine besonders gute Dämpfung der horizontalen Schwingungen parallel zur Drehachse der Bodenverdichtungsbandage erreichen.For this purpose, it is possible, for example, to arrange the damping elements designed to receive shear forces in such a way that the direction in which the damping elements damp shear forces is parallel to the axis of rotation of the compression bandage. By arranging a plurality of such damping elements, wherein the damping elements are each rotated at a different angle about the axis of rotation, it is achieved that all damping elements dampen shear forces parallel to the axis of rotation, but no damping of forces in other directions takes place, for example radially to the axis of rotation of the bandage , Specifically, this means that the damping device comprises a plurality of damping elements, wherein the damping elements are preferably arranged in a spoke shape or along a circle at equal angular intervals to each other about the axis of rotation of the soil compacting bandage. Vibrations acting parallel to the axis of rotation are thus damped by the damping elements, while vibrations directed radially to the axis of rotation are barely damped or not damped. By this arrangement of the damping elements, a particularly good damping of the horizontal vibrations can be achieved parallel to the axis of rotation of the soil compacting bandage.
Derartige, um die Drehachse angeordnete Dämpfungselemente verhindern die Dämpfung von Kräften in Radialrichtung von der Drehachse aus. Da bei der Anordnung von mehreren Dämpfungselementen diese an unterschiedlichen Positionen um die Drehachse angeordnet sind, kommt es bei einer relativ zum Maschinenrahmen statischen Anordnung der Dämpfungselemente zu einem ungleichen Verschleiß. Um dies zu verhindern, ist es bevorzugt, dass die Dämpfungselemente auf Lagerstellen zwischen dem Maschinenrahmen der Walze und der Bodenverdichtungsbandage angeordnet sind, und dass die Lagerstellen derart angeordnet sind, dass sie sich bei einer Drehung der Bodenverdichtungsbandage um die Drehachse mitdrehen. Die Dämpfungselemente sind mit anderen Worten also gegenüber der Bodenverdichtungsbandage nicht rotationsentkoppelt. Dadurch werden sie gleichmäßiger beansprucht, was zu erhöhten Standzeiten führt.Such, arranged around the axis of rotation damping elements prevent the damping of forces in the radial direction from the axis of rotation. Since in the arrangement of a plurality of damping elements, these are arranged at different positions about the axis of rotation, it comes with a relative to the machine frame static arrangement of the damping elements to uneven wear. To prevent this, it is preferred that the damping elements are arranged at bearings between the machine frame of the roller and the Bodenverdichtungsbandage, and that the bearing points are arranged such that they rotate with a rotation of the soil compacting drum around the axis of rotation. In other words, the damping elements are not rotationally decoupled from the soil compaction bandage. As a result, they are more evenly stressed, resulting in increased service life.
Um nach Möglichkeit verschiedene Schwingungen zu dämpfen, ist es besonders bevorzugt, wenn gleichzeitig zweiverschiedenartige Dämpfungseinrichtungen vorhanden sind, insbesondere an einer Bodenverdichtungsbandage, wobei eine Dämpfungseinrichtung sandwichartig gemäß den vorstehenden Ausführungen und eine Dämpfungseinrichtung speichenartig gemäß den vorstehenden Ausführungen ausgebildet ist. Besonders vorteilhaft hat sich dieses System dann erwiesen, wenn die sandwichartig ausgebildete Dämpfungseinrichtung auf derjenigen Seite der Bodenverdichtungsbandage liegt, auf der der Antriebsmotor der Schwingungserregungseinrichtung liegt oder über die der Antriebsmotor der Schwingungserregungseinrichtung mit Energie versorgt wird, und wenn die speichenartig ausgebildete Dämpfungseinrichtung auf derjenigen Seite der Bodenverdichtungsbandage liegt, auf der der Fahrmotor für die Drehung der Bodenverdichtungsbandage um die Drehachse liegt. Durch die Kombination der beiden Dämpfungseinrichtungen wird eine besonders gute Dämpfung erreicht.In order to attenuate different vibrations as far as possible, it is particularly preferred if two different types of damping devices are present at the same time, in particular on a soil compacting bandage, wherein a damping device is designed as a sandwich according to the above embodiments and a damping device is spoke-like according to the preceding embodiments. This system has proven to be particularly advantageous if the sandwiching damping device is located on that side of the soil compacting drum on which the drive motor of the vibration excitation device is located or via which the drive motor of the vibration excitation device is energized, and if the spoke-like damping device on that side of the Bodenverdichtungsbandage is located on the drive motor for the rotation of the soil compacting drum around the axis of rotation. By combining the two damping devices a particularly good damping is achieved.
Die Integration der erfindungsgemäßen Bodenverdichtungsbandage kommt grundsätzlich für Walzentypen mit einer oder mehrerer Bodenverdichtungsbandagen in Betracht, wie beispielsweise auch Walzenzüge. Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform umfasst die Walze allerdings zwei Bodenverdichtungsbandagen, wobei wenigstens eine der Bodenverdichtungsbandagen eine Schwingungserregungseinrichtung aufweist, deren wenigstens eine Unwuchtwelle horizontal und insbesondere parallel zur Drehachse der Verdichtungsbandage verläuft, so dass eine der beiden Verdichtungsbandagen eine im Wesentlichen zur Horizontalschwingung ausgebildete Schwingungserregungseinrichtung und die andere der beiden Bodenverdichtungsbandagen eine im Wesentlichen zur Vertikalverdichtung ausgebildete Schwingungserregungseinrichtung aufweist. Bei dieser Ausführungsform wird somit mit anderen Worten eine herkömmliche Bodenverdichtungsbandage mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Bodenverdichtungsbandage mit Vertikalerreger, wie sie vorstehend beschrieben wurde, kombiniert. Im Gesamtergebnis wird auf diese Weise ein Verdichtungssystem für eine Walze zur Verfügung gestellt, das eine Bodenverdichtung bzw. die Erzeugung von entsprechenden Schwingungen in sämtliche Raumrichtungen bzw. dreidimensional ermöglicht, bezogen auf die Gesamtwalze. Bei einer Verdichtungsüberfahrt der Walze kann somit eine betreffende Stelle zunächst mit Horizontalschwingungen und anschließend mit Vertikalschwingungen und umgekehrt beaufschlagt werden, wodurch besonders hohe Bodenverdichtungsergebnisse bei gleichzeitig verhältnismäßig schonender Bodenverdichtung erhalten werden können.The integration of the soil compacting bandage according to the invention is basically suitable for types of rolls with one or more soil compacting drums, such as single drum compactors. In a particularly preferred embodiment, however, the roller comprises two soil compacting bandages, wherein at least one of the soil compacting bandages comprises a vibration excitation device whose at least one imbalance shaft extends horizontally and in particular parallel to the axis of rotation of the compaction bandage, so that one of the two compaction bandages forms a vibration excitation device essentially designed for horizontal vibration another of the two soil compacting bandages has a vibration excitation device designed essentially for vertical compression. In other words, in this embodiment, a conventional soil compaction bandage is combined with a vertical compaction soil compaction bandage according to the invention as described above. In the overall result, a compaction system for a roller is provided in this way, which enables a soil compaction or the generation of corresponding vibrations in all spatial directions or three-dimensionally, based on the total roller. During a compression crossing The roller can thus be subjected to a relevant point first with horizontal vibrations and then with vertical vibrations and vice versa, whereby particularly high soil compaction results can be obtained at the same time relatively gentle soil compaction.
Bei der Schwingungserregungseinrichtung in der anderen der beiden Bodenverdichtungsbandagen handelt es sich um einen Kreiserreger, einen Richtschwinger oder einen Oszillationserreger mit horizontaler Rotationsachse. Derartige Schwingungserregungseinrichtungen sind im Stand der Technik bekannt.The vibration excitation device in the other of the two soil compacting drums is a circular exciter, a directional vibrator or an oscillation exciter with a horizontal axis of rotation. Such vibration excitation devices are known in the art.
Es ist vorgesehen, dass eine der beiden Bodenverdichtungsbandagen eine Schwingungserregungseinrichtung umfasst, bei der nur eine Unwuchtwelle vertikal und zumindest eine weitere Unwuchtwelle horizontal angeordnet ist, jeweils bezogen auf ihre Rotationsachsen. Diese Ausführungsform vereint die Vorteile zur Bodenverdichtung mit horizontalen Schwingungen und vertikalen Schwingungen in einer einzelnen Bandage.It is envisaged that one of the two soil compaction bandages comprises a vibration excitation device, in which only one imbalance shaft is arranged vertically and at least one further imbalance shaft is arranged horizontally, in each case based on their axes of rotation. This embodiment combines the advantages of soil compaction with horizontal vibration and vertical vibration in a single drum.
Grundsätzlich ist es möglich, die Schwingungserregungseinrichtungen der beiden Bodenverdichtungsbandagen einzeln und unabhängig voneinander, beispielsweise mit einer geeigneten Steuereinheit, zu steuern. Bevorzugt ist es jedoch, wenn eine Steuereinheit vorhanden ist, die die Schwingungserregungseinrichtungen der beiden Bodenverdichtungsbandagen steuert. Die Steuereinheit ist somit in der Weise ausgebildet, dass sie die Schwingungserregungseinrichtung der beiden Bodenverdichtungsbandagen bezüglich ihres Betriebszustandes, beispielsweise der Umdrehungsfrequenz, der Stellposition der Unwuchtteile einer mehrteiligen Unwucht, dem An- und Abschalten etc., steuert. Über die Steuereinheit kann insbesondere auch eine Regelung der beiden Schwingungserregungseinrichtungen erfolgen, beispielsweise zur Erreichung einer festgelegten Bodendichte oder ähnlichem. Die Steuereinheit kann dazu auf die jeweiligen Antriebseinrichtungen und/oder Getriebe der Schwingungserregungseinrichtungen einwirken und diese Steuern.In principle, it is possible to control the vibration excitation devices of the two soil compacting bandages individually and independently of one another, for example with a suitable control unit. However, it is preferred if a control unit is present, which controls the vibration excitation means of the two soil compaction bandages. The control unit is thus designed in such a way that it controls the vibration excitation device of the two soil compaction bandages with respect to their operating state, for example the rotational frequency, the control position of the unbalanced parts of a multipart unbalance, the switching on and off, etc. In particular, regulation of the two vibration excitation devices can also take place via the control unit, for example to achieve a defined soil density or the like. The control unit can act on the respective drive means and / or transmission of the vibration excitation means and these taxes.
Erfindungsgemäß ist die Ausbildung der Walze in Form einer knickgelenkten oder drehschemelgelenkte Tandemwalze, insbesondere zur Erd- oder Asphaltverdichtung, vorgesehen. Eine knickgelenkte Walze zeichnet sich durch einen wenigstens zweiteiligen Maschinenrahmen aus, wobei die beiden Rahmenteilen des Maschinenrahmens über ein Knickgelenk miteinander verbunden sind. Zur Lenkung der Walze wird die Relativposition der beiden Maschinenrahmenteile über das Knickgelenk geändert. Eine drehschemelgelenkte Tandemwalze weist einen Maschinenrahmen und über jeweils einen Drehschemel an diesem angeordnete Bodenverdichtungsbandagen auf.According to the invention, the formation of the roller in the form of an articulated or Drehschemelgelenkte tandem roller, in particular for earth or asphalt compaction provided. A hinged roller is characterized by an at least two-part machine frame, wherein the two frame parts of the machine frame are connected to each other via an articulated joint. To steer the roller, the relative position of the two machine frame parts is changed via the articulated joint. A speed-steered tandem roller has a machine frame and on each a turntable on this arranged soil compaction bandages.
Relevant ist schließlich auch eine Schwingungserregungseinrichtung an sich für eine Bodenverdichtungsbandage gemäß den vorstehenden Ausführungen in Verbindung mit einer Walze, wie sie vorstehend offenbart worden ist.Finally, also relevant is a vibration excitation device per se for a soil compacting bandage as described above in connection with a roller as disclosed above.
Die Schwingungserregungseinrichtung umfasst genau eine vertikal angeordnete Unwuchtwelle, wenn die Schwingungserregungseinrichtung ihre bestimmungsgemäße Lage eingenommen hat. Solche Schwingungserregungseinrichtungen werden üblicherweise als Baueinheiten gehandelt.The vibration excitation device comprises exactly one vertically arranged imbalance shaft when the vibration excitation device has assumed its intended position. Such vibration excitation devices are usually traded as structural units.
Die Schwingungserregungseinrichtung an sich kann vorteilhafterweise in der Weise ausgebildet sein, dass die eine Unwuchtwelle, deren Rotationsachse in Vertikalrichtung verläuft, in einem in Vertikalrichtung oberen Bereich zur Einleitung von Antriebsenergie, insbesondere zur Anbindung an eine Antriebseinrichtung oder ein Antriebsgetriebe, ausgebildet ist. Wesentlich für diese Ausführungsform ist, dass die Anbindung der Unwuchtwelle an den Antriebsstrang in Vertikalrichtung gesehen im Bereich des oberen Endes der Unwuchtwelle oder von oben kommend erfolgt. Diese aus platztechnischer Sicht zunächst nachteilige Lösung hat sich für den konkreten Arbeitsbetrieb der Schwingungserregungseinrichtung als vorteilhaft erwiesen, da beispielsweise eine verhältnismäßig einfache und insbesondere auch unmittelbare Antriebsenergieübertragung zwischen der Antriebseinrichtung und der einen vertikalen Unwuchtwelle möglich ist.The vibration excitation device per se can advantageously be designed in such a way that the one imbalance shaft whose axis of rotation extends in the vertical direction, in a vertically upper region for the introduction of drive energy, in particular for connection to a drive device or a drive gear is formed. Essential for this embodiment is that the connection of the imbalance shaft to the drive train in the vertical direction seen in the region of the upper end of the imbalance shaft or coming from above. This disadvantageous from a technical point of view first solution has proven to be advantageous for the actual operation of the vibration excitation device, since for example a relatively simple and in particular direct drive energy transmission between the drive device and a vertical imbalance shaft is possible.
Eine mögliche Weiterbildung der Schwingungserregungseinrichtung an sich sieht ferner vor, dass sie eine Oberseite und eine Unterseite umfasst, und dass eine Schmierölleitung vorhanden ist, die Schmieröl von der Unterseite kommend in Richtung zur Oberseite zu wenigstens einem Schmierölauslass leitet. Die Schmierölleitung ist dabei vorzugsweise zumindest teilweise im Inneren der Unwuchtwelle, die dazu als Hohlwelle ausgebildet sein kann, angeordnet.A possible development of the vibration excitation device per se also provides that it comprises a top and a bottom, and that a lubricating oil line is present, the lubricating oil coming from the bottom toward the top to at least one lubricating oil outlet directs. The lubricating oil line is preferably at least partially in the interior of the imbalance shaft, which can be designed as a hollow shaft, arranged.
Die Erfindung erstreckt sich ebenfalls auf ein Verfahren zur Bodenverdichtung mit einer zwei Bodenverdichtungsbandagen aufweisenden Walze gemäß den vorstehenden Ausführungen. Erfindungsgemäß zeichnet sich das Verfahren zur Bodenverdichtung durch das Erregen von horizontalen Schwingungen, insbesondere ausschließlich horizontalen Schwingungen, in einer der beiden Bodenverdichtungsbandagen und das Erregen von vertikalen Schwingungen, insbesondere ausschließlich vertikalen Schwingungen, in der anderen der beiden Bodenverdichtungsbandagen aus. Mit anderen Worten kommen im erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren also Bodenverdichtungsbandagen zum Einsatz, die jeweils nur in eine Richtung, horizontal oder vertikal, mit Schwingungen beziehungsweise Vibrationen beaufschlagt werden. Auf diese Weise müssen in den jeweiligen Bandagen auch nur Schwingungserreger vorhanden sein, die Schwingungen in der entsprechenden Richtung erzeugen können, wodurch das System insgesamt vereinfacht und kostengünstiger wird.The invention also extends to a method for soil compaction with a roller having two compaction drums as described above. According to the invention, the method for soil compaction is characterized by the excitation of horizontal vibrations, in particular exclusively horizontal vibrations, in one of the two soil compaction drums and the excitation of vertical vibrations, in particular exclusively vertical vibrations, in the other of the two soil compaction drums. In other words, in the method according to the invention, soil compacting bandages thus come about used, which are acted upon in each case only in one direction, horizontal or vertical, with vibrations or vibrations. In this way, only vibration exciters must be present in the respective bandages, which can generate vibrations in the appropriate direction, whereby the system as a whole is simplified and cheaper.
Nachstehend wird die Erfindung anhand der in den Figuren angegebenen Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigen schematisch:
- Fig. 1
- eine Seitenansicht auf eine Tandemwalze;
- Fig. 2
- eine perspektivische Schrägansicht auf einen Bandagenmantel;
- Fig. 3a und 3b
- eine Seitenansicht und eine Draufsicht auf eine Unwuchtwelle;
- Fig. 4
- eine Schnittansicht durch eine Bodenverdichtungsbandage in Vertikalrichtung und entlang ihrer Rotationsachse;
- Fig. 5a bis 5c
- schematische Seitenansichten zweier Bodenverdichtungsbandagen einer Tandemwalze;
- Fig. 6
- schematische Draufsicht auf eine Bodenverdichtungsbandage mit einer alternativen Schwingungserregungseinrichtung;
- Fig. 7
- schematische Seitenansicht auf die Bodenverdichtungsbandagen einer Tandemwalze mit Steuereinheit;
- Fig. 8
- Explosionsansicht einer Dämpfungseinrichtung;
- Fig. 9
- eine Seitenansicht einer sandwichartigen Dämpfungseinrichtung;
- Fig. 10
- eine Schnittansicht der sandwichartigen Dämpfungseinrichtung gemäß Figur 9;
- Fig. 11
- eine Seitenansicht einer speichenartigen Dämpfungseinrichtung; und
- Fig. 12
- eine Schnittansicht der speichenartigen Dämpfungseinrichtung gemäß
Figur 11.
- Fig. 1
- a side view of a tandem roller;
- Fig. 2
- an oblique perspective view of a bandage coat;
- Fig. 3a and 3b
- a side view and a plan view of an imbalance shaft;
- Fig. 4
- a sectional view through a soil compaction bandage in the vertical direction and along its axis of rotation;
- Fig. 5a to 5c
- schematic side views of two soil compaction bandages of a tandem roller;
- Fig. 6
- schematic plan view of a soil compaction bandage with an alternative vibration excitation device;
- Fig. 7
- schematic side view of the soil compaction bandages of a tandem roller with control unit;
- Fig. 8
- Exploded view of a damping device;
- Fig. 9
- a side view of a sandwich-type damping device;
- Fig. 10
- a sectional view of the sandwich-type damping device according to Figure 9;
- Fig. 11
- a side view of a spoke-like damping device; and
- Fig. 12
- a sectional view of the spoke-like damping device according to FIG 11
Gleiche Bauteile sind in den Figuren mit gleichen Bezugszeichen angegeben, wobei nicht jedes sich in den Figuren wiederholende Bauteil durchgehend separat bezeichnet sein muss.Identical components are indicated in the figures with the same reference numerals, wherein not every repeated in the figures component must be continuously designated separately.
Die Bodenverdichtungsbandagen 8 weisen einen im Wesentlichen hohlzylindrisch ausgebildeten Bandagenmantel 9 auf, wie er in
Im Bandageninnenraum 11 weist die Bodenverdichtungsbandage 8 eine erste Schwingungserregungseinrichtung 12 auf, deren prinzipieller Aufbau grob vereinfacht in den
Ferner ist im Innenraum des Gehäuses 22 eine Einrichtung zur Ölschmierung vorhanden, umfassend einen Ölsumpf 24, eine Förderleitung 25 sowie eine Schmierölaustrittsöffnung 26. Über die Förderleitung 25 kann Schmieröl aus dem Schmierölsumpf 24 in Vertikalrichtung nach oben zur Schmierölaustrittsöffnung 26 gefördert werden. Dazu kann beispielsweise eine entsprechende Pumpe 27 vorgesehen sein. Die Elemente Förderleitung 25, Schmierölaustrittsöffnung 26 und Pumpe 27 sind in einer Ausführungsform im Inneren des Gehäuses 22 aber außerhalb der Unwuchtwelle 13 angeordnet. In einer alternativen Ausführungsform kann es auch vorgesehen sein, die Förderleitung 25 im Inneren der dann zumindest teilweise als Hohlwelle ausgebildeten Unwuchtwelle 13 anzuordnen und den Schmierölaustritt beispielsweise auf Höhe der oberen Lagereinrichtung 17, insbesondere in Radialrichtung zur Rotationsachse Rv nach außen beabstandet vorzusehen, um auf diese Weise eine Fördereinrichtung nach dem Prinzip einer Fliehkraftpumpe zu erreichen.Furthermore, a device for oil lubrication is present in the interior of the
Grundsätzlich ist es möglich, eine Walze in der Weise auszubilden, dass sie eine Bodenverdichtungsbandage gemäß den vorstehenden Ausführungen in Kombination mit einer herkömmlichen Bodenverdichtungsbandage aufweist. Dies ist grob vereinfacht in den
Beim Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß
Das Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß
Der konkrete Einsatz eines Dämpfungssystems gemäß
Eine alternative Ausführungsform eines Dämpfungssystems wird in den
Claims (19)
- A ground compaction drum (8), comprising- an essentially hollow-cylindrical drum jacket (9),- a drum interior (11) at least partially surrounded by the drum jacket (9),- a first vibration exciter device (12) arranged in the drum interior (11) and having at least one imbalance shaft (13), guided in circulation about a rotation axis (Rv), with an imbalance mass (15), wherein the rotational movement of the imbalance shaft (13) about its rotation axis (Rv) is drivable by a drive device (16),characterized in that- the first vibration exciter device (12) is arranged in the drum interior (11) in such a manner that the rotation axis (Rv) of precisely one imbalance shaft (13) extends vertically,- that the first vibration exciter device (12) is arranged in the drum interior (11) via a bearing arrangement (17) in such a manner that the drum jacket (9) is rotatable with respect to the first vibration exciter device (12) and the vertically extending rotation axis (Rv) of said one imbalance shaft (13) maintains its orientation when the drum jacket (9) rotates about a horizontal rotation axis (D),- that said one vertically extending imbalance shaft (13) is part of a rotary exciter, and- that a further vibration exciter device (12) having at least one imbalance shaft (13) which extends horizontally and in particular parallel to the rotation axis (D) of the compaction drum (8) is arranged in the drum interior (11).
- The ground compaction drum (8) according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the imbalance mass (15) of said one imbalance shaft (13) of the first vibration exciter device (12) is designed in two parts, wherein the relative position of the two imbalance mass parts about the rotation axis (Rv) of the imbalance shaft (13) relative to one another is adjustable, in particular in two stages or continuously. - The ground compaction drum (8) according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the first vibration exciter device (12) is arranged in such a manner that the rotation axis (Rv) of said one imbalance shaft (13) extends through the center of gravity (41) of the drum. - The ground compaction drum (8) according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the first vibration exciter device (12) comprises a drive shaft (13) which is arranged vertically and is connected to the drive device (16) on one end. - The ground compaction drum (8) according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the drive device (16) is arranged inside the drum interior (11) and is in particular a hydraulic motor or electric motor directly connected to the drive shaft (13). - The ground compaction drum (8) according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
a drive transmission (21), in particular a belt transmission, a chain transmission or a gear transmission, is provided which is configured in such a manner that it transfers drive power provided by the drive device (16) to the drive shaft (13). - The ground compaction device (8) according to claim 6,
characterized in that
the drive transmission (21) is configured to couple to a drive device (16) arranged outside the cup washers (40). - The ground compaction drum (8) according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the first vibration exciter device (12) comprises a capsule housing (22) having an interior in which the imbalance mass (15) is arranged. - The ground compaction drum (8) according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the first vibration exciter device (12) comprises a circulatory oil lubricating system, in particular a pump (27), especially a centrifugal pump, which pumps lubricating oil from an oil sump (24) to lubricating points of the first vibration exciter device (12), in particular to lubricating points of said one imbalance shaft (13), during rotation operation of the first vibration exciter device (12). - The ground compaction drum (8) according to claim 9,
characterized in that
the circulatory oil lubricating system comprises a supply line (25) which extends at least partially inside said at least one imbalance shaft (13) of the first vibration exciter device (12) and leads lubricating oil in vertical direction. - The ground compaction drum (8) according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the outer edges of the drum jacket (9) are rounded outwards toward the rotation axis (D) of the ground compaction drum (8), in particular in a region larger than 1 %, more particularly larger than 2 %, and very particularly larger than 5 %, based on the width (B) of the ground compaction drum (8). - A roller (1) for ground compaction having at least one ground compaction drum (8),
characterized in that
the ground compaction drum (8) is configured according to any one of claims 1 to 11, and that the roller (1) is an articulated or single-pivot steered tandem roller, in particular for soil or asphalt compaction. - The roller (1) according to claim 12,
characterized in that
a damping device is provided which is essentially configured for absorption and damping of horizontal forces, wherein the damping device is in particular arranged at at least one bearing point (31, 32) between the machine frame (2) of the roller (1) and the ground compaction drum (8), wherein the damping element (30) is positioned vertically between the link to the machine frame (2) and the ground compaction drum (8), and wherein more particularly the bearing point (31) of the machine frame (2) is arranged on the top side (30a), and the bearing point (32) of the ground compaction drum (8) is arranged on the bottom side (30b), of the damping element (30). - The roller (1) according to claim 12,
characterized in that
a damping device is provided which is essentially configured for absorption and damping of horizontal forces acting parallel to the rotation axis (D) of the ground compaction drum (8). - The roller (1) according to claim 14,
characterized in that
the damping device comprises multiple damping elements (30), wherein the damping elements (30) are arranged around the rotation axis (D) of the ground compaction drum (8) in a spoke-like manner, and that the damping elements (30) are in particular arranged on bearing points (31, 32) between the machine frame (2) of the roller (1) and the ground compaction drum (8), and that the bearing points (31, 32) are arranged such that they co-rotate with the ground compaction drum (8) when the latter rotates about the rotation axis (D). - A roller (1) according to claim 12
characterized in that
a damping device is provided which is essentially configured for absorption and damping of horizontal forces, wherein the damping device is in particular arranged at at least one bearing point (31, 32) between the machine frame (2) of the roller (1) and the ground compaction drum (8), wherein the damping element (30) is positioned vertically between the link to the machine frame (2) and the ground compaction drum (8), and wherein more particularly the bearing point (31) of the machine frame (2) is arranged on the top side (30a), and the bearing point (32) of the ground compaction drum (8) is arranged on the bottom side (30b), of the damping element (30), and that a further damping device is provided which is essentially configured for absorption and damping of horizontal forces acting parallel to the rotating axis (D) of the ground compaction drum (8), wherein it in particular comprises multiple damping elements (30), wherein said damping elements (30) are arranged around the rotation axis (D) of the ground compaction drum (8) in a spoke-like manner, in particular such that the damping elements (30) are arranged on bearing points (31, 32) between the machine frame (2) of the roller (1) and the ground compaction drum (8), and that the bearing points (31, 32) are arranged such that they co-rotate with the ground compaction drum (8) when the latter rotates about the rotation axis (D). - The roller (1) according to any one of claims 12 to 16,
characterized in that
the roller (1) has a further ground compaction drum (8) with a vibration exciter device (12) which is a rotary exciter, a directed vibrator, or an oscillatory exciter with a horizontal rotation axis. - The roller (1) according to claim 17,
characterized in that
a control unit (29) is provided which controls the vibration exciter devices (12, 12') of the two ground compaction drums (8) relative to one another. - A method for ground compaction with a roller (1) having two ground compaction drums according to any one of claims 17 or 18,
characterized by
exciting horizontal vibrations, in particular exclusively horizontal vibrations, in one of the two ground compaction drums, and exciting vertical vibrations, in particular exclusively vertical vibrations, in the other one of the two ground compaction drums.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102013022180 | 2013-12-30 | ||
PCT/EP2014/003330 WO2015101407A1 (en) | 2013-12-30 | 2014-12-11 | Soil compaction sleeve, roller having such a soil compaction sleeve, vibration exciter device for a soil compaction sleeve and method for soil compaction |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3092341A1 EP3092341A1 (en) | 2016-11-16 |
EP3092341B1 true EP3092341B1 (en) | 2019-05-01 |
Family
ID=52292850
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14824367.8A Active EP3092341B1 (en) | 2013-12-30 | 2014-12-11 | Soil compaction sleeve, roller having such a soil compaction sleeve and method for soil compaction |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3092341B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102014018457A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015101407A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102015016627A1 (en) | 2015-12-21 | 2017-06-22 | Bomag Gmbh | Soil compaction drum and construction machine for soil compaction |
DE102016009029A1 (en) | 2016-07-26 | 2018-02-01 | Bomag Gmbh | Soil compacting machine with energy transmission device for supplying a sensor device for determining the ground stiffness with electrical energy and method for production or operation |
DE102016009085A1 (en) | 2016-07-26 | 2018-02-01 | Bomag Gmbh | Soil compaction roller with sensor device on the rolling drum and method for determining the soil stiffness |
DE102016009235A1 (en) | 2016-07-28 | 2018-02-01 | Bomag Gmbh | Construction machine with on-board computer and digital logbook and method for documenting the operation of a construction machine |
DE102017000193A1 (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2018-07-12 | Bomag Gmbh | Roller for soil compaction and method for generating a vibration image of a roller for soil compaction |
CN108625258B (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2024-01-02 | 徐工集团工程机械股份有限公司 | Directional vibrating wheel and vibratory roller |
DE102018006158A1 (en) | 2018-08-03 | 2020-02-06 | Bomag Gmbh | ROLLER BANDAGE FOR A CONSTRUCTION MACHINE FOR COMPRESSING THE GROUND SUBSTRATE AND CONSTRUCTION MACHINE FOR COMPACING THE GROUND SUBSTRATE WITH SUCH A ROLLER BANDAGE |
DE102018132379A1 (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-06-18 | Hamm Ag | Tillage roller |
DE102021212546A1 (en) | 2021-11-08 | 2023-05-11 | Bomag Gmbh | Tandem roller for compacting a subsoil |
DE102022132599A1 (en) | 2022-12-08 | 2024-06-13 | Hamm Ag | Soil cultivation roller for a soil cultivation machine |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS59185206A (en) | 1983-04-07 | 1984-10-20 | 酒井重工業株式会社 | Vibration mechanism of solidifying machine |
JP3146411B2 (en) | 1996-12-12 | 2001-03-19 | 酒井重工業株式会社 | Vibration mechanism and vibration roller using the vibration mechanism |
US8393825B2 (en) | 2010-11-05 | 2013-03-12 | Caterpillar Inc. | Vibratory compactor |
-
2014
- 2014-12-11 DE DE102014018457.9A patent/DE102014018457A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-12-11 EP EP14824367.8A patent/EP3092341B1/en active Active
- 2014-12-11 WO PCT/EP2014/003330 patent/WO2015101407A1/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3092341A1 (en) | 2016-11-16 |
DE102014018457A1 (en) | 2015-07-02 |
WO2015101407A1 (en) | 2015-07-09 |
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