EP3090848B1 - Method for machining flat workpieces - Google Patents

Method for machining flat workpieces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3090848B1
EP3090848B1 EP16000136.8A EP16000136A EP3090848B1 EP 3090848 B1 EP3090848 B1 EP 3090848B1 EP 16000136 A EP16000136 A EP 16000136A EP 3090848 B1 EP3090848 B1 EP 3090848B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpieces
machining
workpiece
stretch
predetermined sequence
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EP16000136.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3090848A1 (en
Inventor
Heinz-Dieter Ober-Sundermeyer
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IMA Klessmann Holzbearbeitungssysteme GmbH
IMA Klessmann GmbH
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IMA Klessmann Holzbearbeitungssysteme GmbH
IMA Klessmann GmbH
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Priority to PL16000136T priority Critical patent/PL3090848T3/en
Publication of EP3090848A1 publication Critical patent/EP3090848A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27DWORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D5/00Other working of veneer or plywood specially adapted to veneer or plywood
    • B27D5/006Trimming, chamfering or bevelling edgings, e.g. lists
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27MWORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M1/00Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching
    • B27M1/08Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching by multi-step processes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for processing plate-shaped workpieces according to the preamble of independent claim 1.
  • a method for processing plate-shaped workpieces is known from the document DE602004002794T2 .
  • Plate-shaped workpieces of the type in question are workpieces that have a significantly smaller extent in their thickness direction than in their two surface directions.
  • Such workpieces are in particular made of wood or wood substitute materials, such as chipboard, HDF or MDF boards, wood-plastic composites, laminates or the like.
  • processing of the narrow side can take place, the functionality, such as the connectivity of the plate-shaped workpieces with others Serve components of a complex product, for example, holes for dowels, screws or other fasteners can be provided or fasteners are introduced into the narrow sides.
  • the invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a device and a method for processing the narrow sides plate-shaped materials available, which does not have the aforementioned disadvantages or only to a lesser extent.
  • the object is achieved in that a selected workpiece passes through the processing section a further time and one of its narrow sides is processed.
  • This is to be understood in particular as meaning that the selected workpiece passes through the machining path one more time, without another workpiece passing through the machining section between this further pass and the preceding pass of the selected workpiece.
  • this means that the further passage of the machining path through the selected workpiece directly connects to the previous run of the same workpiece.
  • the further passage of the selected workpiece through the machining section is made possible by the fact that the selected workpiece is returned to the beginning of the machining section. This can be effected in particular by the fact that the return conveyance of the selected workpiece takes place along the processing path.
  • the return conveyance of the workpieces is effected by the same conveyor as the passes of the processing line, in which the narrow sides of the workpieces are processed.
  • the workpiece remains received in the conveying device.
  • the conveyor continuously exerts forces on the surface sides of the selected workpiece between the individual passes and / or return movements of the selected workpiece.
  • the workpiece can be fixed in the conveyor and thus remain absorbed. For example, this can be done by the workpiece is fixed between two rotating conveyor elements.
  • the processing unit is moved relative to the processing line in a return position. This may relate to the entire processing unit or a part of the processing unit, in particular a tool of the processing unit or another element of the processing unit, which interacts directly with these during processing of the narrow sides or comes into contact.
  • the predetermined sequence is preferably determined in the method according to the invention in that the workpieces are fed in the processing path in this predetermined order.
  • the predetermined order by the order in which the workpieces come from a previous processing be given. This is particularly advantageous if the workpieces are transferred directly from the previous processing in the processing section. This is to be understood in particular when the workpieces are fed from the previous processing via suitable conveying elements of the processing line, without the workpieces are stored in any way.
  • a further advantageous possibility of providing the predetermined sequence is that the workpieces are fed to the machining path on a workpiece carrier are on which the workpieces are arranged in a specific sorting, which corresponds to the predetermined order.
  • a workpiece carrier may for example be a pallet on which the workpieces are stacked in a particular order.
  • the workpieces are output in the predetermined order from the processing line. This makes it possible to transfer the workpieces in just this predetermined order in a further or downstream processing.
  • the transfer can be carried out continuously by the workpieces are transferred directly, for example via suitable conveyors in the ongoing processing.
  • the workpieces can be stored on workpiece carriers.
  • the workpiece carriers can be pallets.
  • the use of the method according to the invention is particularly advantageous if the workpieces are parts for the construction of a complex workpiece whose dimensions, at least in part, are based on individual piece planning. This is to be understood in particular as the so-called quantity 1 production, in which each individual component is treated as a single piece in the production logistics.
  • the complex workpieces whose parts are the workpieces processed by the method according to the invention are in particular pieces of furniture.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly advantageous when pieces of furniture are made "to measure". For such a piece of furniture a plurality of workpieces is needed, which are assembled at the end into a single complex workpiece, ie it makes sense if these workpieces remain together as a batch during their processing. If some of these workpieces have to be machined on more narrow sides than the population of workpieces, this is advantageous in the result.
  • a relevant advantageous application for the method according to the invention here is the production of end pieces, i.
  • Such parts of a piece of furniture which in the case of a custom-made have dimensions that differ from other similar parts of the piece of furniture in order to integrate this piece of furniture accurately in an existing environment, such as a niche defined width. So it may be that in a shelf compartments are provided with a certain standard width, but a number of compartments is made in a different width to allow a fit. In such cases, it is possible that for many parts of the complex workpiece, workpieces of standard dimensions may be used, which need only be shortened in one direction and correspondingly machined on the narrow side, e.g. to adjust the depth of the furniture.
  • the inventive method can be implemented with a device.
  • This has a control device which is adapted to to identify the selected workpiece among a plurality of workpieces.
  • a control device makes it possible for a batch consisting of a plurality of workpieces to be processed automatically, since the device can thus recognize which workpiece has to be conveyed back for further processing along the processing path.
  • the identification of a selected workpiece can take place in various ways.
  • such a device in particular its control device, receives a signal which allows it to identify the selected workpiece.
  • This signal can be obtained from an upstream or downstream processing facility or higher level control.
  • a higher-level controller is understood in particular to mean a process controller which coordinates a plurality of processing devices with one another in a production network.
  • the device preferably has a data communication device. Data for identifying the selected workpiece can then be transmitted to the device or the control device via this data communication device. In the simplest case, this is the position number of the selected workpiece in a series of workpieces, which are inserted in a predetermined order in the device used.
  • the controller may have a recognition device.
  • a recognition device makes it possible to recognize a marking with which the selected workpiece is identified is.
  • This mark may be an optical mark, such as a bar code or a QR code.
  • the recognition device then has corresponding optical recognition means, in particular corresponding scanners.
  • electronic markers such as so-called RFID chips, in this case, the detection device preferably has corresponding electronic detection means preferably for detecting electronic markers by means of electric and / or electromagnetic fields.
  • the device preferably has a positioning device for changing the orientation of the selected workpiece.
  • a positioning device for changing the orientation of the selected workpiece.
  • Such a positioning device makes it possible to change the orientation of the workpiece in the processing path between the individual processing runs and to enable automated after processing a first narrow side, the processing of another narrow side.
  • pivoting of the selected workpiece preferably takes place about an axis which is oriented at least in a substantially perpendicular manner to its surface sides. This is particularly preferably the vertical axis of the selected workpiece.
  • the workpieces 1 to 5 are in the in Fig. 1 shown example of a narrow side machining.
  • these are workpieces of a custom-made piece of furniture, which remain together as a batch during their processing and are to be sorted in the specified order.
  • the workpieces have been shortened to different dimensions by a cut along one of their narrow sides in a processing step upstream of the method according to the invention.
  • the workpiece 3 was also shortened on another narrow side. At these narrow sides, the workpieces must now be subjected to a treatment in order to restore the desired properties of the narrow side after shortening.
  • the feed can be automated or, as indicated in the example, by an operator 7, which introduces the workpieces in a predetermined order in the device 6.
  • the workpieces can, for example, in a predetermined order of arrangement on a - in Fig. 1 not shown - workpiece carrier of the operator 7 are provided.
  • the workpieces 1 to 5 are preferably aligned with their narrow side to be machined on a processing line X.
  • a conveyor 8 ensures the transport of the workpieces along the processing path 9 in the conveying direction a. In this case, the processing unit 10 attacks on the narrow side of the respective workpiece 1 to 5.
  • the selected workpiece 3 is fed back in the return direction b along the processing path 9.
  • the exemplary processing unit 10 is preferably brought into a state in which the selected workpiece 3 can be conveyed back without contact on this by being moved relative to the processing line in a return position.
  • the processing unit is shown offset in an exemplary return position laterally along the processing line X, to ensure a better clarity of the drawing.
  • the resulting distance between the tools of the processing unit in return feed position 11 and the narrow sides of the returned workpiece corresponds to the distance between the processing line X and the line X 1 .

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • General Factory Administration (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Bearbeitung plattenförmiger Werkstücke nach dem Oberbegriff des unabhängiges Anspruchs 1. So ein Verfahren ist bekannt aus dem Dokument DE602004002794T2 .The invention relates to a method for processing plate-shaped workpieces according to the preamble of independent claim 1. Such a method is known from the document DE602004002794T2 ,

Plattenförmige Werkstücke der in Rede stehenden Art sind Werkstücke, die in ihrer Dickenrichtung eine signifikant geringere Ausdehnung haben als in ihren beiden Flächenrichtungen. Solche Werkstücke sind insbesondere aus Holz oder Holzersatzwerkstoffen, wie beispielsweise Spanplatten, HDF- oder MDF-Platten, Holz-Kunststoff Verbundwerkstoffe, Laminate oder ähnliches.Plate-shaped workpieces of the type in question are workpieces that have a significantly smaller extent in their thickness direction than in their two surface directions. Such workpieces are in particular made of wood or wood substitute materials, such as chipboard, HDF or MDF boards, wood-plastic composites, laminates or the like.

Bei der Verarbeitung derartiger Werkstücke wird regelmäßig ein Halbzeug in Plattenform verarbeitet, das an seinen Schmalseiten beschnitten und/oder in mehrere kleinere plattenförmige Werkstücke unterteilt wird und dann an seinen Schmalseiten eine Bearbeitung erfährt, die den Schmalseiten der plattenförmigen Werkstücke die für die Weiterverarbeitung der plattenförmigen Werkstücke notwendigen Eigenschaften verleiht. So ist es beispielsweise beim Bau von Möbeln oft notwendig, die Schmalseiten der Werkstücke an die geforderten optischen Eigenschaften anzupassen. Dies kann bedeuten, dass Fräs- oder Abziehvorgänge an den Schmalseiten vorgenommen werden, um ihnen die gewünschte Form und Oberflächenqualität zu geben, es ist ebenfalls möglich, Kaschierungen auf die Schmalseiten aufzubringen, wie beispielsweise sogenannte Kantenbänder.In the processing of such workpieces a semifinished product is regularly processed in sheet form, which is trimmed on its narrow sides and / or divided into several smaller plate-shaped workpieces and then undergoes a processing on its narrow sides, the narrow sides of the plate-shaped workpieces for the further processing of the plate-shaped workpieces lends necessary properties. For example, in the construction of furniture it is often necessary to adapt the narrow sides of the workpieces to the required optical properties. This may mean that milling or removal operations are performed on the narrow sides to give them the desired shape and surface quality, it is also possible to apply laminations on the narrow sides, such as so-called edge bands.

Darüber hinaus können Bearbeitungen der Schmalseite stattfinden, die der Funktionalität, beispielsweise der Verbindbarkeit der plattenförmigen Werkstücke mit anderen Bauteilen eines komplexen Erzeugnisses dienen, beispielsweise können Bohrlöcher für Dübel, Schrauben oder andere Verbindungselemente vorgesehen werden oder Verbindungselemente in die Schmalseiten eingebracht werden.In addition, processing of the narrow side can take place, the functionality, such as the connectivity of the plate-shaped workpieces with others Serve components of a complex product, for example, holes for dowels, screws or other fasteners can be provided or fasteners are introduced into the narrow sides.

Bei der Herstellung gleichartiger Bauteile findet dabei regelmäßig eine Fertigung in sogenannten Durchlaufmaschinen statt, bei der die einzelnen Werkstücke eine Bearbeitungsstrecke durchlaufen und während des Durchlaufs die Bearbeitung der Werkstücke im Bereich ihrer Schmalseiten vorgenommen wird. Mit derartigen Durchlaufmaschinen lassen sich hohe Stückzahlen pro Zeiteinheit verarbeiten, daher finden diese Durchlaufmaschinen insbesondere bei der Fertigung von gleichartigen Werkstücken Verwendung, die so in großer Zahl produziert werden können.In the production of similar components there is regularly a production in so-called continuous machines instead, in which the individual workpieces undergo a processing section and during the processing of the workpieces in the region of their narrow sides is made. With such continuous machines, high quantities per unit time can be processed, so these continuous machines are used in particular in the production of similar workpieces use, which can be produced in large numbers.

Weniger vorteilhaft sind derartige Durchlaufmaschinen bei der Bearbeitung plattenförmiger Werkstücke, bei denen sich die Anzahl der zu bearbeitenden Schmalseiten einzelner Werkstücke vom Rest der Charge unterscheiden, jedoch aus logistischen Gründen gemeinsam mit dieser Charge verarbeitet werden müssen oder sollen. Denn um die Leistungsfähigkeit der sogenannten Durchlaufmaschinen ausnutzen zu können, müssen diese in sinnvoller Weise in eine Produktion eingebunden werden. Dies verlangt regelmäßig, dass die Reihenfolge, in der Werkstücke der Maschine zugeführt und aus dieser Maschine wieder ausgegeben werden, erhalten bleibt.Less advantageous are such continuous machines in the processing of plate-shaped workpieces, in which the number of narrow sides of individual workpieces to be processed differ from the rest of the batch, but must be processed for logistical reasons together with this batch or should. Because in order to exploit the performance of the so-called pass-through machines, they must be integrated in a meaningful way in a production. This regularly requires that the order in which workpieces are fed to the machine and re-issued from this machine be maintained.

Ein praxisrelevantes Beispiel, bei dem diese Anforderung Probleme bereitet, ist die Verwendung von Durchlaufmaschinen in Produktionen, bei denen lediglich einzelne Werkstücke aus der Gesamtmenge der zu verarbeitenden Werkstücke an einer größeren Anzahl ihrer Schmalseiten bearbeitet werden müssen, als die übrigen Werkstücke. Nach dem Stand der Technik bieten sich hier lediglich zwei unbefriedigende Lösungen an. Entweder wird die Gesamtheit der Werkstücke erneut einer Durchlaufmaschine zugeführt, die jedoch nur selektiv einzelne Werkstücke bearbeitet, oder es werden die betroffenen Werkstücke aus der Gesamtheit aussortiert, gesondert bearbeitet und wieder einsortiert. Beiden Lösungen ist gemein, dass die Bearbeitung eines ausgewählten Werkstücks an einer weiteren Schmalseite einen hohen Mehraufwand verursacht.A practical example, in which this requirement causes problems, is the use of continuous machines in productions, in which only individual workpieces from the total amount of workpieces to be processed on a larger number of their narrow sides must be machined than the other workpieces. According to the state of the art, only two unsatisfactory solutions are available here. Either the entirety of the workpieces is again fed to a continuous machine, which, however, only selectively processes individual workpieces, or the affected workpieces are sorted out of the totality, processed separately and sorted again. Both solutions have in common that the machining of a selected workpiece on another narrow side causes a high overhead.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Bearbeitung der Schmalseiten plattenförmiger Werkstoffe zur Verfügung zu stellen, welches die vorgenannten Nachteile nicht oder lediglich in vermindertem Umfang aufweist.The invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a device and a method for processing the narrow sides plate-shaped materials available, which does not have the aforementioned disadvantages or only to a lesser extent.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Ansprüche, die Merkmale der abhängigen Ansprüche betreffen vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen.The object is achieved by a method and a device having the features of the independent claims, the features of the dependent claims relate to advantageous embodiments.

Gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass ein ausgewähltes Werkstück die Bearbeitungsstrecke ein weiteres Mal durchläuft und eine seiner Schmalseiten bearbeitet wird. Darunter ist insbesondere zu verstehen, dass das ausgewählte Werkstück die Bearbeitungsstrecke ein weiteres Mal durchläuft, ohne dass zwischen diesem weiteren Durchlauf und dem vorangegangenen Durchlauf des ausgewählten Werkstücks ein anderes Werkstück die Bearbeitungsstrecke durchläuft. Mit anderen Worten bedeutet dies, dass sich der weitere Durchlauf der Bearbeitungsstrecke durch das ausgewählte Werkstück direkt an den vorangegangenen Durchlauf des gleichen Werkstücks anschließt.According to the method of the invention, the object is achieved in that a selected workpiece passes through the processing section a further time and one of its narrow sides is processed. This is to be understood in particular as meaning that the selected workpiece passes through the machining path one more time, without another workpiece passing through the machining section between this further pass and the preceding pass of the selected workpiece. In other words, this means that the further passage of the machining path through the selected workpiece directly connects to the previous run of the same workpiece.

Vorzugsweise wird der weitere Durchlauf des ausgewählten Werkstücks durch die Bearbeitungsstrecke dadurch ermöglicht, dass das ausgewählte Werkstück an den Beginn der Bearbeitungsstrecke zurückgeführt wird. Dies kann insbesondere dadurch bewirkt werden, dass die Zurückförderung des ausgewählten Werkstücks entlang der Bearbeitungsstrecke stattfindet.Preferably, the further passage of the selected workpiece through the machining section is made possible by the fact that the selected workpiece is returned to the beginning of the machining section. This can be effected in particular by the fact that the return conveyance of the selected workpiece takes place along the processing path.

Für eine Zurückförderung des Werkstücks entlang der Bearbeitungsstrecke ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Zurückförderung der Werkstücke durch die gleiche Fördereinrichtung bewirkt wird wie die Durchläufe der Bearbeitungsstrecke, bei denen die Schmalseiten der Werkstücke bearbeitet werden.For a back conveyance of the workpiece along the processing line, it is advantageous if the return conveyance of the workpieces is effected by the same conveyor as the passes of the processing line, in which the narrow sides of the workpieces are processed.

Vorteilhafterweise bleibt das Werkstück während des Übergangs vom ersten Durchlaufen der Bearbeitungsstrecke zum Zurückfördern durch die Bearbeitungsstrecke in der Fördereinrichtung aufgenommen. Dies kann in vorteilhafter Weise bedeuten, dass die Fördereinrichtung zwischen den einzelnen Durchläufen und/oder Zurückförderbewegungen des ausgewählten Werkstücks ununterbrochen Kräfte auf die Flächenseiten des ausgewählten Werkstücks ausübt. Auf diese Weise kann das Werkstück in der Fördereinrichtung fixiert und damit aufgenommen bleiben. Beispielsweise kann dies geschehen, indem das Werkstück zwischen zwei umlaufenden Förderelementen fixiert wird.Advantageously, during the transition from the first passage through the processing path to the return conveyance through the processing path, the workpiece remains received in the conveying device. This can advantageously mean that the conveyor continuously exerts forces on the surface sides of the selected workpiece between the individual passes and / or return movements of the selected workpiece. In this way, the workpiece can be fixed in the conveyor and thus remain absorbed. For example, this can be done by the workpiece is fixed between two rotating conveyor elements.

Vorteilhaft im Zusammenhang mit der Zurückförderung der Werkstücke ist, wenn ein Bearbeitungsaggregat in einen Zustand gebracht wird, in dem es ein berührungsloses Vorbeifördern des zurückgeförderten, ausgewählten Werkstücks erlaubt. Hierdurch können Beschädigungen bereits bearbeiteter Werkstückschmalseiten durch die Aggregate und/oder Werkzeuge der Aggregate vermieden werden. Auch die Beschädigungen der Aggregate selbst durch vorbeigeförderte Werkstücke während der Zurückförderung kann so wirksam verhindert werden. Dabei ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn das Bearbeitungsaggregat relativ zur Bearbeitungsstrecke in eine Rückförderposition bewegt wird. Dies kann das gesamte Bearbeitungsaggregat betreffen oder einen Teil des Bearbeitungsaggregats, insbesondere ein Werkzeug des Bearbeitungsaggregats bzw. ein anderes Element des Bearbeitungsaggregats, welches bei der Bearbeitung der Schmalseiten unmittelbar mit diesen zusammenwirkt oder in Berührung kommt.Advantageous in the context of the return conveyance of the workpieces is when a processing unit is brought into a state in which it is a non-contact passing of the returned, selected workpiece allowed. As a result, damage to already machined workpiece narrow sides can be avoided by the aggregates and / or tools of the units. Also, the damage to the units themselves by vorbeegeförderte workpieces during the return promotion can be effectively prevented. It is particularly advantageous if the processing unit is moved relative to the processing line in a return position. This may relate to the entire processing unit or a part of the processing unit, in particular a tool of the processing unit or another element of the processing unit, which interacts directly with these during processing of the narrow sides or comes into contact.

Die vorgegebene Reihenfolge wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren vorzugsweise dadurch bestimmt, dass die Werkstücke in der Bearbeitungsstrecke in dieser vorgegebenen Reihenfolge zugeführt werden. Dabei kann die vorgegebene Reihenfolge durch die Reihenfolge, in der die Werkstücke aus einer vorangegangenen Bearbeitung kommen, vorgegeben sein. Dies ist insbesondere dann vorteilhaft, wenn die Werkstücke direkt von der vorangegangenen Bearbeitung in die Bearbeitungsstrecke übergeben werden. Hierunter ist insbesondere zu verstehen, wenn die Werkstücke aus der vorangegangenen Bearbeitung über geeignete Förderelemente der Bearbeitungsstrecke zugeführt werden, ohne dass die Werkstücke in irgendeiner Weise zwischengelagert werden.The predetermined sequence is preferably determined in the method according to the invention in that the workpieces are fed in the processing path in this predetermined order. In this case, the predetermined order by the order in which the workpieces come from a previous processing, be given. This is particularly advantageous if the workpieces are transferred directly from the previous processing in the processing section. This is to be understood in particular when the workpieces are fed from the previous processing via suitable conveying elements of the processing line, without the workpieces are stored in any way.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Möglichkeit, die vorgegebene Reihenfolge vorzusehen, liegt darin, dass die Werkstücke der Bearbeitungsstrecke auf einem Werkstückträger zugeführt werden, auf dem die Werkstücke in einer bestimmten Sortierung, welche der vorgegebenen Reihenfolge entspricht, angeordnet sind. Ein solcher Werkstückträger kann beispielsweise eine Palette sein, auf der die Werkstücke in einer bestimmten Reihenfolge gestapelt sind.A further advantageous possibility of providing the predetermined sequence is that the workpieces are fed to the machining path on a workpiece carrier are on which the workpieces are arranged in a specific sorting, which corresponds to the predetermined order. Such a workpiece carrier may for example be a pallet on which the workpieces are stacked in a particular order.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist, wenn die Werkstücke in der vorgegebenen Reihenfolge aus der Bearbeitungsstrecke ausgegeben werden. Dies ermöglicht es, die Werkstücke in eben dieser vorgegebenen Reihenfolge in eine weitergehende bzw. nachgelagerte Bearbeitung zu übergeben. Die Übergabe kann dabei kontinuierlich erfolgen, indem die Werkstücke direkt beispielsweise über geeignete Fördereinrichtungen in die weitergehende Bearbeitung überführt werden. Alternativ können die Werkstücke auf Werkstückträgern zwischengelagert werden. Bei den Werkstückträgern kann es sich um Paletten handeln.It is particularly advantageous if the workpieces are output in the predetermined order from the processing line. This makes it possible to transfer the workpieces in just this predetermined order in a further or downstream processing. The transfer can be carried out continuously by the workpieces are transferred directly, for example via suitable conveyors in the ongoing processing. Alternatively, the workpieces can be stored on workpiece carriers. The workpiece carriers can be pallets.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist der Einsatz des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, wenn es sich bei den Werkstücken um Teile für den Bau eines komplexen Werkstücks handelt, dessen Abmessungen, zumindest teilweise, auf einer Einzelstückplanung beruhen. Hierunter ist insbesondere die sogenannte Stückzahl 1-Produktion zu verstehen, bei der jedes einzelne Bauteil in der Fertigungslogistik als Einzelstück behandelt wird. Die komplexen Werkstücke, deren Teile die nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren bearbeiteten Werkstücke sind, sind insbesondere Möbelstücke.The use of the method according to the invention is particularly advantageous if the workpieces are parts for the construction of a complex workpiece whose dimensions, at least in part, are based on individual piece planning. This is to be understood in particular as the so-called quantity 1 production, in which each individual component is treated as a single piece in the production logistics. The complex workpieces whose parts are the workpieces processed by the method according to the invention are in particular pieces of furniture.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist insbesondere dann vorteilhaft, wenn Möbelstücke "auf Maß" angefertigt werden. Für ein solches Möbelstück wird eine Mehrzahl Werkstücke benötigt, die am Ende zu einem einzigen komplexen Werkstück zusammengesetzt werden, d.h. es ist sinnvoll, wenn diese Werkstücke während ihrer Bearbeitung als Charge zusammen bleiben. Wenn einzelne dieser Werkstücke an mehr Schmalseiten bearbeitet werden müssen als die Grundgesamtheit der Werkstücke, ist dies im Ergebnis vorteilhaft.The method according to the invention is particularly advantageous when pieces of furniture are made "to measure". For such a piece of furniture a plurality of workpieces is needed, which are assembled at the end into a single complex workpiece, ie it makes sense if these workpieces remain together as a batch during their processing. If some of these workpieces have to be machined on more narrow sides than the population of workpieces, this is advantageous in the result.

Ein relevanter vorteilhafter Anwendungsfall für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist hier die Fertigung von Endstücken, d.h. solchen Teilen eines Möbelstücks, die im Fall einer Maßanfertigung Maße aufweisen, die sich von anderen ähnlichen Teilen des Möbelstücks unterscheiden, um dieses Möbelstück passgenau in eine bestehende Umgebung, beispielsweise eine Nische definierter Breite, integrieren zu können. So kann es sein, dass bei einem Regal Fächer mit einer gewissen Standardbreite vorgesehen werden, eine Reihe Fächer jedoch in einer anderen Breite gefertigt wird, um ein Einpassen zu ermöglichen. In solchen Fällen ist es möglich, dass für viele Teile des komplexen Werkstücks Werkstücke in Standardabmessungen verwendet werden können, die lediglich in einer Richtung gekürzt und entsprechend an der Schmalseite bearbeitet werden müssen, z.B. um die Tiefe des Möbelstücks anzupassen. Lediglich die plattenförmigen Werkstücke, die sich in einer weiteren Richtung nicht mit dem Standardmaß verarbeiten lassen, müssen in zwei Richtungen gekürzt werden. Beispielsweise, um die Breite des komplexen Werkstücks an einen Wandabschluss anzupassen. Bei diesen Werkstücken handelt es sich dann um die ausgewählten Werkstücke im Sinne des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.A relevant advantageous application for the method according to the invention here is the production of end pieces, i. Such parts of a piece of furniture, which in the case of a custom-made have dimensions that differ from other similar parts of the piece of furniture in order to integrate this piece of furniture accurately in an existing environment, such as a niche defined width. So it may be that in a shelf compartments are provided with a certain standard width, but a number of compartments is made in a different width to allow a fit. In such cases, it is possible that for many parts of the complex workpiece, workpieces of standard dimensions may be used, which need only be shortened in one direction and correspondingly machined on the narrow side, e.g. to adjust the depth of the furniture. Only the plate-shaped workpieces, which can not be processed in a further direction with the standard size, must be shortened in two directions. For example, to adjust the width of the complex workpiece to a wall finish. These workpieces are then the selected workpieces in the sense of the method according to the invention.

In besonders vorteilhafter Weise lässt sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren mit einer Vorrichtung realisieren. Diese weist eine Steuereinrichtung auf, die dazu eingerichtet ist, das ausgewählte Werkstück unter einer Mehrzahl von Werkstücken zu identifizieren. Eine solche Steuereinrichtung ermöglicht es, dass eine Charge, bestehend aus einer Mehrzahl Werkstücke, automatisiert verarbeitet wird, denn die Vorrichtung kann so erkennen, welches Werkstück für eine erneute Bearbeitung entlang der Bearbeitungsstrecke zurückgefördert werden muss. Die Identifizierung eines ausgewählten Werkstücks kann dabei auf verschiedene Art und Weise stattfinden.In a particularly advantageous manner, the inventive method can be implemented with a device. This has a control device which is adapted to to identify the selected workpiece among a plurality of workpieces. Such a control device makes it possible for a batch consisting of a plurality of workpieces to be processed automatically, since the device can thus recognize which workpiece has to be conveyed back for further processing along the processing path. The identification of a selected workpiece can take place in various ways.

Zunächst ist es möglich, dass eine solche Vorrichtung, insbesondere deren Steuereinrichtung, ein Signal erhält, welches ihr die Identifizierung des ausgewählten Werkstücks ermöglicht. Dieses Signal kann sie von einer vorgelagerten oder nachgelagerten Bearbeitungseinrichtung oder einer übergeordneten Steuerung erhalten. Unter einer übergeordneten Steuerung ist in diesem Zusammenhang insbesondere eine Prozesssteuerung zu verstehen, die in einem Fertigungsverbund eine Mehrzahl an Bearbeitungsvorrichtungen miteinander koordiniert. Um dies zu ermöglichen, weist die Vorrichtung vorzugsweise eine Datenkommunikationseinrichtung auf. Über diese Datenkommunikationseinrichtung können dann Daten zur Identifizierung des ausgewählten Werkstücks an die Vorrichtung bzw. die Steuereinrichtung übertragen werden. Im einfachsten Fall handelt es sich dabei um die Positionsnummer des ausgewählten Werkstücks in einer Reihe Werkstücke, die in einer vorgegebenen Reihenfolge in die benutzte Vorrichtung eingeführt werden.First, it is possible that such a device, in particular its control device, receives a signal which allows it to identify the selected workpiece. This signal can be obtained from an upstream or downstream processing facility or higher level control. In this context, a higher-level controller is understood in particular to mean a process controller which coordinates a plurality of processing devices with one another in a production network. In order to make this possible, the device preferably has a data communication device. Data for identifying the selected workpiece can then be transmitted to the device or the control device via this data communication device. In the simplest case, this is the position number of the selected workpiece in a series of workpieces, which are inserted in a predetermined order in the device used.

Alternativ oder ergänzend ist es ebenfalls möglich, dass die Steuerung eine Erkennungseinrichtung aufweist. Eine solche Erkennungseinrichtung ermöglicht das Erkennen einer Markierung, mit der das ausgewählte Werkstück gekennzeichnet ist. Bei dieser Markierung kann es sich um eine optische Markierung, wie beispielsweise einen Barcode oder einen QR-Code handeln. Die Erkennungseinrichtung verfügt dann über entsprechende optische Erkennungsmittel, insbesondere entsprechende Scanner. Ebenfalls möglich ist die Verwendung elektronischer Markierungen, wie beispielsweise sogenannte RFID-Chips, in diesem Fall verfügt die Erkennungseinrichtung vorzugsweise über entsprechende elektronische Erkennungsmittel vorzugsweise zur Erkennung elektronischer Markierungen mittels elektrischer und/oder elektromagnetischer Felder.Alternatively or additionally, it is also possible for the controller to have a recognition device. Such a recognition device makes it possible to recognize a marking with which the selected workpiece is identified is. This mark may be an optical mark, such as a bar code or a QR code. The recognition device then has corresponding optical recognition means, in particular corresponding scanners. Also possible is the use of electronic markers, such as so-called RFID chips, in this case, the detection device preferably has corresponding electronic detection means preferably for detecting electronic markers by means of electric and / or electromagnetic fields.

Bevorzugt weist die Vorrichtung darüber hinaus eine Positioniereinrichtung zur Änderung der Orientierung des ausgewählten Werkstücks auf. Eine solche Positioniereinrichtung ermöglicht es, die Orientierung des Werkstücks in der Bearbeitungsstrecke zwischen den einzelnen Bearbeitungsdurchläufen zu ändern und so nach der Bearbeitung einer ersten Schmalseite die Bearbeitung einer weiteren Schmalseite automatisiert zu ermöglichen. Vorzugsweise findet dabei ein Verschwenken des ausgewählten Werkstücks um eine zu dessen Flächenseiten, zumindest im Wesentlichen rechtwinklig orientierte Achse statt. Besonders bevorzugt handelt es sich dabei um die Hochachse des ausgewählten Werkstücks.In addition, the device preferably has a positioning device for changing the orientation of the selected workpiece. Such a positioning device makes it possible to change the orientation of the workpiece in the processing path between the individual processing runs and to enable automated after processing a first narrow side, the processing of another narrow side. In this case, pivoting of the selected workpiece preferably takes place about an axis which is oriented at least in a substantially perpendicular manner to its surface sides. This is particularly preferably the vertical axis of the selected workpiece.

Die benutzte Vorrichtung wird im Folgenden anhand der Figuren 1 und 2 schematisch näher erläutert.

  • Fig. 1 zeigt eine beispielhafte Anordnung einer Mehrzahl Werkstücke, die entsprechend einer vorgegebenen Reihenfolge angeordnet sind.
  • Fig. 2 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung einer beispielhaften Vorrichtung.
The device used will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 schematically explained in more detail.
  • Fig. 1 shows an exemplary arrangement of a plurality of workpieces, which are arranged according to a predetermined order.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary device.

Die Werkstücke 1 bis 5 sollen in dem in Fig. 1 gezeigten Beispiel einer Schmalseitenbearbeitung unterzogen werden. Dabei handelt es sich beispielhaft um Werkstücke eines maßangefertigten Möbelstücks, die während ihrer Verarbeitung als Charge zusammenbleiben und in der vorgegebenen Reihenfolge sortiert bleiben sollen. Die Werkstücke sind in einem dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren vorgelagerten Bearbeitungsschritt auf unterschiedliche Maße durch einen Schnitt entlang einer ihrer Schmalseiten gekürzt worden. Das Werkstück 3 wurde darüber hinaus an einer weiteren Schmalseite gekürzt. An diesen Schmalseiten müssen die Werkstücke nun einer Bearbeitung unterzogen werden, um die gewünschten Eigenschaften der Schmalseite nach dem Kürzen wiederherzustellen.The workpieces 1 to 5 are in the in Fig. 1 shown example of a narrow side machining. By way of example, these are workpieces of a custom-made piece of furniture, which remain together as a batch during their processing and are to be sorted in the specified order. The workpieces have been shortened to different dimensions by a cut along one of their narrow sides in a processing step upstream of the method according to the invention. The workpiece 3 was also shortened on another narrow side. At these narrow sides, the workpieces must now be subjected to a treatment in order to restore the desired properties of the narrow side after shortening.

Hierfür werden die Werkstücke 1 bis 5 der in Fig. 2 schematisch dargestellten Vorrichtung 6 zugeführt. Die Zuführung kann dabei automatisiert werden oder, wie im Beispiel angedeutet, durch eine Bedienperson 7 erfolgen, welche die Werkstücke in einer vorgegebenen Reihenfolge in die Vorrichtung 6 einführt. Die Werkstücke können beispielsweise in einer der vorgegebenen Reihenfolge entsprechenden Anordnung auf einem - in Fig. 1 nicht gezeigten - Werkstückträger der Bedienperson 7 zur Verfügung gestellt werden.For this purpose, the workpieces 1 to 5 of in Fig. 2 supplied schematically device 6. The feed can be automated or, as indicated in the example, by an operator 7, which introduces the workpieces in a predetermined order in the device 6. The workpieces can, for example, in a predetermined order of arrangement on a - in Fig. 1 not shown - workpiece carrier of the operator 7 are provided.

In der Vorrichtung 6 werden die Werkstücke 1 bis 5 mit ihrer zu bearbeitenden Schmalseite vorzugsweise an einer Bearbeitungslinie X ausgerichtet. Eine Fördereinrichtung 8 sorgt für den Transport der Werkstücke entlang der Bearbeitungsstrecke 9 in Förderrichtung a. Dabei greift das Bearbeitungsaggregat 10 an der Schmalseite des jeweiligen Werkstücks 1 bis 5 an.In the device 6, the workpieces 1 to 5 are preferably aligned with their narrow side to be machined on a processing line X. A conveyor 8 ensures the transport of the workpieces along the processing path 9 in the conveying direction a. In this case, the processing unit 10 attacks on the narrow side of the respective workpiece 1 to 5.

Während die Werkstücke 1, 4 und 5 die beispielhafte Vorrichtung 6 nach einem Durchlauf verlassen, wird das ausgewählte Werkstück 3 in Rückförderrichtung b entlang der Bearbeitungsstrecke 9 zurückgefördert. Das beispielhafte Bearbeitungsaggregat 10 wird dabei vorzugsweise in einen Zustand gebracht, in dem das ausgewählte Werkstück 3 berührungslos an diesem vorbei zurückgefördert werden kann, indem es relativ zur Bearbeitungsstrecke in eine Rückförderposition bewegt wird. In Fig. 2 ist das Bearbeitungsaggregat in einer beispielhaften Rückförderposition seitlich entlang der Bearbeitungslinie X versetzt dargestellt, um eine bessere Übersichtlichkeit der Zeichnung zu gewährleisten. Der sich ergebende Abstand zwischen den Werkzeugen des Bearbeitungsaggregats in Rückförderposition 11 und den Schmalseiten des zurückgeförderten Werkstücks entspricht dabei dem Abstand zwischen der Bearbeitungslinie X und der Linie X1.While the workpieces 1, 4 and 5 leave the exemplary apparatus 6 after one pass, the selected workpiece 3 is fed back in the return direction b along the processing path 9. The exemplary processing unit 10 is preferably brought into a state in which the selected workpiece 3 can be conveyed back without contact on this by being moved relative to the processing line in a return position. In Fig. 2 the processing unit is shown offset in an exemplary return position laterally along the processing line X, to ensure a better clarity of the drawing. The resulting distance between the tools of the processing unit in return feed position 11 and the narrow sides of the returned workpiece corresponds to the distance between the processing line X and the line X 1 .

Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 - 51 - 5
Werkstückeworkpieces
66
Vorrichtungdevice
77
Bedienpersonoperator
88th
FördereinrichtungConveyor
99
Bearbeitungsstreckeprocessing path
1010
Bearbeitungsaggregatprocessing unit
1111
Bearbeitungsaggregat in RückförderpositionProcessing unit in return feed position
aa
Förderrichtungconveying direction
bb
RückförderrichtungReturn flow direction
XX
Bearbeitungslinieprocessing line
X1 X 1
Linieline

Claims (6)

  1. Method for machining flat workpieces (1 -5), more particularly of wood or wood substitutes, wherein a plurality of workpieces (1-5) run by means of a conveying device (8) in a predetermined sequence through a machining stretch (9) of a device for machining flat workpieces (1-5) for machining a narrow side of the respective workpiece (1-5) and are then each machined in the region of one of their narrow sides, characterised in that whilst maintaining the predetermined sequence of the workpieces (1-5) one selected workpiece (3) runs a further time through the machining stretch (9) and is machined on one of its narrow sides, without another workpiece (1, 2, 4, 5) running through the machining stretch (9) in between this further run-through and the previous run-through, wherein the selected workpiece (3) is moved back along the machining stretch between its runs through the machining stretch (9) wherein moving back the workpiece (3) is effected by the conveying device (8).
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the workpieces (1-5) are introduced into the machining stretch (9) in the predetermined sequence, preferably wherein the predetermined sequence is preset by the sequence in which the workpieces (1-5) come from a previous machining and/or sorting of the workpieces on a workpiece carrier, more particularly a pallet.
  3. Method according to one of claims 1 or 2 characterised in that the workpieces (1-5) are dispensed in the predetermined sequence from the machining stretch (9), preferably wherein the workpieces (1-5) are transferred in the predetermined sequence into a further machining process and/or are arranged in a ready made sorted collection corresponding to the predetermined sequence, more particularly on a workpiece carrier.
  4. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterised in that the selected workpiece (3) is machined during the run-throughs on two different narrow sides, preferably on narrow sides adjoining one another at a corner of the workpiece.
  5. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4 characterised in that when moving back the selected workpiece (3) along the machining stretch (9) between its runs through the machining stretch (9) a machining unit (10) is brought into a position in which it enables the moved-back selected workpiece (3) to pass by without contact, more particularly wherein the machining unit (10) is moved into a returning position relative to the machining stretch (9).
  6. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5 characterised in that the workpieces (1-5) are parts for the construction of a complex workpiece, more particularly an item of furniture whose dimensions are based at least partially on a single piece plan, more particularly a part of a fitted kitchen.
EP16000136.8A 2015-03-24 2016-01-21 Method for machining flat workpieces Active EP3090848B1 (en)

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DE102016219265A1 (en) * 2016-10-05 2018-04-05 Homag Gmbh Apparatus and method for machining a workpiece
DE102017120473A1 (en) * 2017-09-06 2019-03-07 Guido Schulte Veneer sheet and method for producing a plate-shaped component with a wooden surface
DE102017129916A1 (en) * 2017-12-14 2019-06-19 Homag Gmbh Processing device for processing a workpiece narrow side and method

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