EP3071895A1 - Blast damper, blast damper assembly and method for arranging a blast damper to a building - Google Patents
Blast damper, blast damper assembly and method for arranging a blast damper to a buildingInfo
- Publication number
- EP3071895A1 EP3071895A1 EP14860493.7A EP14860493A EP3071895A1 EP 3071895 A1 EP3071895 A1 EP 3071895A1 EP 14860493 A EP14860493 A EP 14860493A EP 3071895 A1 EP3071895 A1 EP 3071895A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- trap
- pressure valve
- blast damper
- blast
- frame
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 101100204059 Caenorhabditis elegans trap-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009420 retrofitting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
- F24F13/082—Grilles, registers or guards
- F24F13/085—Grilles, registers or guards including an air filter
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
- F24F13/082—Grilles, registers or guards
- F24F13/084—Grilles, registers or guards with mounting arrangements, e.g. snap fasteners for mounting to the wall or duct
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
- F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
- F24F11/745—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity the air flow rate increasing with an increase of air-current or wind pressure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B13/00—Special devices for ventilating gasproof shelters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C4/00—Flame traps allowing passage of gas but not of flame or explosion wave
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a blast damper, and more particularly to a blast damper as defined in the independent claim 1 .
- the present invention relates also to a blast damper assembly, and more particularly to a blast damper assembly as defined in the independent claim 16.
- the present invention also relates to a method for arranging a blast damper to a building, and more particularly to a method as defined in the independent claim 24.
- Ventilation systems are safeguarded against such pressure loads by installing in them pressure valves that close automatically when a pressure load of the above-mentioned type is directed to them.
- Pressure valves of this type may also be installed at a desired location in a ventilation shaft or directly inside or outside a pressure load-resistant wall in connection with a ventilation shaft.
- Typical pressure valves may comprise hurricane barriers arranged in the pressure valve as a screen on the outer surface of the pressure valve. These screens prevent big solid object from entering inside the pressure valve.
- An object of the present invention is thus to provide a blast damper and a blast damper assembly so as to alleviate the above disadvantages.
- the objects of the invention are achieved by a blast damper which is characterized by what is stated in the independent claim.
- the preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.
- the objects of the invention are further achieved by a blast damper assembly which is characterized by what is stated in the independent claim.
- the preferred embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the dependent claims.
- the object of the invention is also achieved by a method for arranging a blast damper to a building which is characterized by what is stated in the independent claim.
- the invention is based on the realization that people working at petrochemical refineries and other industrial facilities expose themselves to high risks when working there because there is always risks for a massive explosion of gases and flammable liquids that are present at refineries.
- the refineries and other industrial facilities require a control room that is staffed so that there is always someone monitoring the processes.
- the control room also comprises a lot of electricity and technique that has to be protected during an explosion in order to continue working or to shut down properly during explosion and people monitoring the process has to be kept alive. Therefore the building comprising the control room has to be blast resistant and comprise ventilation system that works properly during explosion and does not circulate contaminated air inside the building.
- the interface connections between outdoor and indoor space need to be passive in normal situations which means that they work properly circulating air in the building and into the building but the connections need to be active when an emergency situation happens.
- the ventilation system also has to be blast resistant.
- the ventilation system has to be protected against all sized smashes.
- the protecting system may not be too big because of the limited size of the building takes in a lot of technique that requires room, so the blast damper for protecting the ventilation system should be quite compact.
- the blast damper for protecting the ventilation is arranged such that it is firmly attached to the building and does not leave any spaces between the building and the blast damper so that the connection is air tight and stands pressure loads during explosion.
- a blast damper for protecting a ventilation system against pressure loads comprises a pressure valve comprising a body forming a flow channel for air flow through the pressure valve, said flow channel being closable during sudden increase of overpressure.
- the blast damper also comprises a trap for preventing harmful solid particles, liquids or fire reaching the pressure valve and a hurricane barrier for preventing solid objects in the air flow from entering inside the pressure valve.
- the trap and the hurricane barrier form together a single barrier unit.
- the blast damper comprises a trap which the trap is a sand trap for removing sand in the air before reaching the pressure valve.
- the blast damper comprises a trap which the trap is a water trap for removing water coming together with the air flow before reaching the pressure valve.
- the water trap preferably comprises a by-pass duct and means for preventing water to enter inside the pressure valve.
- the blast damper comprises a trap which the trap is a flame trap for preventing fire reaching the pressure valve.
- the flame trap is preferably a fire damper.
- the invention is further based on the idea of having a compact and overall ventilation protection assembly against pressure loads that is firmly arranged to the building and prevents contaminated air going to the ventilation system and keeps any solid material out from the ventilation system so that it will not break down.
- a blast damper assembly comprises a pressure valve comprising a body forming a flow channel for air flow through the pressure valve, said flow channel being closable during sudden increase of overpressure.
- the blast damper assembly further comprises a trap for preventing harmful solid particles, liquids or fire reaching the pressure valve, a hurricane barrier for stopping solid objects in the air flow before reaching the pressure valve, said trap and said hurricane barrier form together a single barrier unit, and a gas-tight valve for controlling the air flow from the pressure valve.
- the pressure valve, the barrier unit and the gas-tight valve are connected together for forming a blast damper assembly.
- the trap in the blast damper assembly is a sand trap for removing sand in the air before reaching the pressure valve.
- the trap in the blast damper assembly is a water trap for removing water coming together with the air flow before reaching the pressure valve.
- the trap in the blast damper assembly is a flame trap for preventing fire reaching the pressure valve.
- the invention is still further based on the idea of arranging the blast damper to a building such that the blast damper and the wall of the building form an explosion durable connection.
- the key element for the connecting the blast damper to the wall is that there is an embedded frame in the wall forming a tight connection with the wall.
- method for arranging a blast damper as defined above to a building comprises the steps of casting a frame in a concrete wall, said wall having an inner surface and an outer surface and said frame extending from the inner surface to the outer surface, connecting a trap and a hurricane barrier to the frame, and connecting a pressure valve to the frame.
- the step of connecting the trap and the hurricane barrier to the frame further comprises connecting the trap and/or the hurricane barrier to the frame in the outer surface of the wall, said trap and hurricane barrier forming a single barrier unit.
- the step of connecting the pressure valve to the frame comprises connecting the pressure valve to the frame in the inner surface of the wall .
- step of connecting the trap and the hurricane barrier to the frame further comprises connecting the trap and/or the hurricane barrier to the frame in the inner surface of the wall, said trap and hurricane barrier forming a single barrier unit.
- step of connecting the pressure valve to the frame comprises connecting the pressure valve to the frame in the outer surface of the wall.
- the trap which the trap is a sand trap, a water trap or a flame trap, may be provided to the frame such that it extends from the frame to the outside of the wall of the building or to the inside of the wall of the building in which the frame is arranged.
- An advantage of the blast damper, blast damper assembly and method of the invention is that the ventilation system of the building is kept clean and undamaged during an explosion such that people inside the building stay alive and the equipment in the control room and service installations that the building comprises stay in operation or operable.
- An advantage of the blast damper and the blast damper assembly comprising a single barrier unit comprising a hurricane barrier and a trap which the trap is a sand trap is that the sand trap and the hurricane barrier both prevent solid material crashing the pressure valve. If even a small sand grain enters the pressure valve it may be crashed instantly so preventing any mechanical contact between a solid piece and the pressure valve is most crucial thing to do.
- An advantage of the trap being a water trap is that if water or other liquid reaches the pressure valve, it may cause corrosion during time in the pressure valve.
- An advantage of the trap being a flame trap is that the heat of the fire may damage components in the pressure valve so that it will not operate properly anymore.
- Figure 1 shows a blast damper according to the invention
- Figure 2 shows a blast damper assembly according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a blast damper 1 according to the invention.
- the blast damper 1 is for protecting a ventilation system against pressure loads which occur in explosions, sudden fires or similar circumstances.
- the blast damper 1 comprises a pressure valve 2 comprising a body forming a flow channel for air flow through the pressure valve 2.
- the flow channel is closable such that when sudden increase of overpressure occurs the flow channel will be closed.
- the pressure valve 2 is preferably arranged inside a building but it also may be arranged outside of the building.
- the blast damper 1 further comprises a trap 3 which is a sand trap 3 for removing sand in the air flow before the air flow reaches the pressure valve 2 so that there will not be any sand in the air flow when flowing through the pressure valve 2 so that the it will not be damaged.
- the blast damper 1 further comprises a hurricane barrier 4 for preventing solid objects in the air flow from entering inside the pressure valve 2.
- the hurricane barrier 4 is arranged to stop any solid objects bigger than sand entering the pressure valve 2 so that the pressure valve will not be damaged.
- the hurricane barrier 4 especially prevents for example objects released during explosion such as parts of plants or the like.
- the sand trap 3 and the hurricane barrier 4 form together a single barrier unit 34.
- the barrier unit 34 is the outermost part of the blast damper 1 which means that it is the first part that receives the pressure load toward the ventilation system.
- the barrier unit 34 may be mounted on the outer surface of the building or it may be mounted inside the wall of the building as an embedded element.
- the barrier unit 34 comprises the sand trap 3 which comprises a by-pass duct and means for removing sand from the air flow.
- the means for removing sand are arranged in the by-pass duct.
- the barrier unit 34 further comprises the hurricane barrier 4 which may be a lattice structure, as a screen or such, or it may be a beam structure.
- the hurricane barrier 4 forms at least part of the means for removing sand which is preferably a beam structure comprising a blade-like ribs preferably vertically arranged in a frame structure.
- the blade-like ribs are preferably made from steel so that the ribs endure the pressure load from the explosion.
- the blade-like ribs made from steel function as a hurricane barrier 4 and at the same time allow air flow into buildings and repel the entry of dust and sand as a sand trap 2.
- the hurricane barrier 4 may be an integral part of the sand trap 2 like the blade-like ribs arranged in a frame structure that function as a sand trap and as a hurricane barrier at the same time or the hurricane barrier 4 may be arranged in the sand trap 3 but is separate part from the means for removing sand in which the sand trap may be a blade-like rib structure and the hurricane barrier 4 may be a lattice structure preferably arranged in front of the sand trap 3.
- the barrier unit 34 is the first component in the wall which prevents such material from entering into the ventilation system that could mechanically damage the ventilation system.
- the means for removing sand in the sand trap 3 is preferably profiled such that the sand flowing with the air is collected to the means for removing sand and removed through holes at the bottom of the sand trap 3 for emptying the collected sand and dust.
- the blast damper 1 further comprises a frame 5 for mounting the blast damper 1 in a concrete wall.
- the frame 5 is mountable to the concrete wall such that it forms a tight connection with the wall and does not allow any air leaks from the connecting surface between the wall and the frame 5.
- the frame is preferably embedded to the wall such that it extends from the inner surface of the wall to the outer surface of the wall such that there is a mounting surface for other blast damper 1 parts in the wall surface level in the frame 5.
- the frame 5 is arranged between the pressure valve 2 and the barrier unit 34 such that the pressure valve 2 is inside the building and the barrier unit 34 is outside of the building.
- the frame 5 may be arranged such that the pressure valve 2 and the barrier unit 34 are on the same side of the frame 5 which means that they both are either inside of the building or outside of the building.
- the frame 5 is arranged in a concrete wall during casting of the concrete wall such that the frame 5 and concrete reinforcement in the concrete wall forms a concrete wall having same strength properties as if there was no aperture in the wall at all.
- the walls with the frame 5 connected to the wall during casting take pressure of 1 bar such that the concrete wall together with the blast damper 1 does not collapse during an explosion or fire.
- the blast damper assembly 10 comprises a frame 5 arranged in a concrete wall, which the wall has an inner surface and an outer surface and the frame 5 forming a connection with the pressure valve 2 and/or the barrier unit 34.
- FIG. 2 shows a blast damper assembly 10 according to the invention.
- the blast damper assembly 10 comprises a pressure valve 2 comprising a body forming a flow channel for air flow through the pressure valve 2, which the flow channel is closable during sudden increase of overpressure.
- the blast damper assembly further comprises a sand trap 3 for removing sand in the air flow before reaching the pressure valve 2 and a hurricane barrier 4 for stopping material in the air flow before reaching the pressure valve 2, which the sand trap 3 and the hurricane barrier 4 form together a single barrier unit 34.
- the blast damper assembly further comprises a gas-tight valve 6 for controlling the air flow from the pressure valve 2 for preventing harmful gases entering inside a building.
- the pressure valve 2, the barrier unit 34 and the gas-tight valve 6 are connected together for forming a blast damper assembly 10.
- the blast damper assembly 10 further comprises a frame 5 arranged in a concrete wall dividing a space as an inside and an outside, and said frame 5 forming a connection with the blast damper assembly 10.
- the blast damper assembly 10 may further comprise an adapter 8 between the gas-tight valve 6 and any previous component because of the difference in the aperture shapes in different components.
- the gas-tight valve 6 is usually round shaped when the other components may be rectangular.
- the barrier unit 34 is arranged on the side of the outer surface of the wall and the rest of the blast damper assembly 10 is arranged on the side of the inner surface of the wall.
- the frame 5 is arranged between the barrier unit 34 and the pressure valve 2 and the barrier unit 34 is arranged outside and the rest of the blast damper assembly 10 is arranged inside.
- the frame 5 is arranged such that the barrier unit 34 is arranged on the inner side of the wall and is the only element that is connected to the frame 5.
- the blast damper assembly 10 may further comprise additional elements such as a fire damper 7.
- the trap 3 being a sand trap all the above mentioned also applies to the water trap or to the flame trap so that the water trap and the hurricane barrier as well as the flame trap and the hurricane barrier also form together a single barrier unit.
- the single barrier unit may comprise more than one trap 3 together with the hurricane barrier, for example a sand trap and a flame trap.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI20136083A FI127580B (en) | 2013-11-05 | 2013-11-05 | Blast damper, blast damper assembly and method for arranging a blast damper to a building |
PCT/FI2014/050821 WO2015067850A1 (en) | 2013-11-05 | 2014-11-03 | Blast damper, blast damper assembly and method for arranging a blast damper to a building |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3071895A1 true EP3071895A1 (en) | 2016-09-28 |
EP3071895A4 EP3071895A4 (en) | 2017-08-16 |
EP3071895B1 EP3071895B1 (en) | 2021-04-07 |
Family
ID=53040952
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14860493.7A Active EP3071895B1 (en) | 2013-11-05 | 2014-11-03 | Blast damper, blast damper assembly and method for arranging a blast damper to a building |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3071895B1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK3071895T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2878424T3 (en) |
FI (1) | FI127580B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015067850A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH386255A (en) * | 1961-07-07 | 1964-12-31 | Sulzer Ag | Pressure wave valve |
DE1559611B1 (en) * | 1965-07-05 | 1969-09-18 | Bochumer Eisen Heintzmann | Closure device for ventilation ducts in particular underground protective structures, such as bunkers, air raids or the like. |
US3756137A (en) * | 1972-02-24 | 1973-09-04 | H Scharres | Fire, smoke and blast damper |
CH558866A (en) * | 1972-09-26 | 1975-02-14 | Luwa Ag | PROCEDURE FOR INSTALLING AN EXPLOSION PROTECTION VALVE AND AN EXPLOSION PROTECTION VALVE TO PERFORM THE PROCEDURE. |
GB9007088D0 (en) * | 1990-03-29 | 1990-05-30 | Airflow Nicoll Ventilators Lim | Ventilation apparatus |
DE10128379A1 (en) * | 2001-06-07 | 2003-01-02 | Ds Plan Ingenieurgesellschaft | Device for non-central ventilation of a room in a building has fresh air feed channel with continuously self-regulating valve to limit air flow, and controllable heat exchanger |
FI123213B (en) * | 2008-05-09 | 2012-12-31 | Temet Oy | pressure valve |
FI124126B (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2014-03-31 | Temet Oy | Pressure valve and valve frame construction |
KR101108669B1 (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2012-01-25 | 삼영테크(주) | Sand louber apparatus for air conditioner |
CN202630335U (en) * | 2012-06-01 | 2012-12-26 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Rainproof sand-stop grille air port |
-
2013
- 2013-11-05 FI FI20136083A patent/FI127580B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2014
- 2014-11-03 ES ES14860493T patent/ES2878424T3/en active Active
- 2014-11-03 WO PCT/FI2014/050821 patent/WO2015067850A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-11-03 DK DK14860493.7T patent/DK3071895T3/en active
- 2014-11-03 EP EP14860493.7A patent/EP3071895B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK3071895T3 (en) | 2021-06-28 |
EP3071895A4 (en) | 2017-08-16 |
EP3071895B1 (en) | 2021-04-07 |
FI20136083A (en) | 2015-05-06 |
WO2015067850A1 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
FI127580B (en) | 2018-09-14 |
ES2878424T3 (en) | 2021-11-18 |
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