EP3067407A1 - System and method for gasification of carbonaceous material - Google Patents

System and method for gasification of carbonaceous material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3067407A1
EP3067407A1 EP15158828.2A EP15158828A EP3067407A1 EP 3067407 A1 EP3067407 A1 EP 3067407A1 EP 15158828 A EP15158828 A EP 15158828A EP 3067407 A1 EP3067407 A1 EP 3067407A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
filter
gas
hot gas
gasified
supplied
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EP15158828.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3067407B1 (en
Inventor
Glock Gaston
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GLOCK, GASTON
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Gaston Glock
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Priority to SI201530467T priority Critical patent/SI3067407T1/en
Priority to EP15158828.2A priority patent/EP3067407B1/en
Priority to TR2018/16526T priority patent/TR201816526T4/en
Priority to ES15158828T priority patent/ES2696674T3/en
Priority to PT15158828T priority patent/PT3067407T/en
Priority to LTEP15158828.2T priority patent/LT3067407T/en
Priority to HUE15158828A priority patent/HUE040505T2/en
Priority to DK15158828.2T priority patent/DK3067407T3/en
Application filed by Gaston Glock filed Critical Gaston Glock
Priority to RS20181354A priority patent/RS57998B1/en
Priority to PL15158828T priority patent/PL3067407T3/en
Publication of EP3067407A1 publication Critical patent/EP3067407A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3067407B1 publication Critical patent/EP3067407B1/en
Priority to HRP20181834TT priority patent/HRP20181834T1/en
Priority to CY181101186T priority patent/CY1120840T1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/02—Dust removal
    • C10K1/024—Dust removal by filtration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/22—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues
    • C10J3/24—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed
    • C10J3/26—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed downwardly
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K3/00—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide
    • C10K3/001—Modifying the chemical composition of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide by thermal treatment
    • C10K3/003—Reducing the tar content
    • C10K3/005—Reducing the tar content by partial oxidation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916—Biomass
    • C10J2300/092—Wood, cellulose
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959—Oxygen

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus and a method for the gasification of wood or other carbon-containing material according to the preamble of claim 1 and the preamble of claim nn (is still used).
  • the main constituent of all woody plants is about 50% cellulose.
  • Cellulose is a chain-shaped molecule of individual glucose units.
  • the real component of cellulose is cellobiose, a disaccharide (double sugar).
  • Hemicellulose is composed of polymeric carbohydrates whose constituents are pentoses and hexoses. Hemicellulose, like cellulose, is a polysaccharide (polyhydric sugar).
  • the third component of wood is lignin, a polymer of phenylpropane units.
  • the wood In addition to cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, the wood also contains fats, resins, terpenes, dyes, tannins and mineral components.
  • thermo-chemical processing solid bioenergy carriers are transformed primarily under the influence of heat into gaseous secondary energy sources.
  • biomass is converted as completely as possible into flammable gases (ie into so-called synthesis gas) at high temperatures.
  • the process is substoichiometrically an oxygen-containing gasification agent (air) supplied by the u. a. the carbon contained in the biomass can be converted into carbon monoxide.
  • the partial combustion of the feed material provides the required process heat so that the gasification process can even take place (autothermal gasification).
  • the resulting low calorific gas can in burners for heat supply and u. a. used in gas engines or turbines for power generation.
  • the first phase is characterized by the fact that the wood is slowly heated from the outside to the inside. Unbound water is released in the form of water vapor. This process is endothermic (energy is needed).
  • the temperature in the pyrolysis phase or zone ranges between 200 ° C and 400 ° C. At these temperatures, oxygen (02) and hydrogen (H2) are degassed.
  • the pyrolysis solid is charcoal.
  • the reduction is dependent on the prevailing temperature.
  • the conversion of hydrogen and carbon to methane between 400 ° C and 600 ° C decreases sharply. At temperatures above 1000 ° C no methane is formed.
  • the Boudouard reaction achieves a good yield of carbon monoxide at high temperatures. This reaction is relatively slow.
  • wood is heated by supplying heat and thereby evaporated in the Vergasergut water.
  • the required amount of heat is generated by the partial combustion of the resulting carbonization and the oxidation of carbon and hydrogen.
  • the resulting charcoal serves as a reaction surface for the oxidation and reduction of carbon, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen. This reduces the charcoal, ie the surface of the particles is larger, thus increasing the reaction rate.
  • reaction zone must be considered as a whole and the reduction or oxidation take place simultaneously.
  • the gasification produces a mixture of combustible and non-combustible gases, which are divided as follows: 1. combustible gases: • carbon monoxide CO • hydrogen H 2 • methane CH 4 • higher molecular weight hydrocarbon compounds 2.
  • non-combustible gases • carbon dioxide CO 2 Nitrogen N 2 • Steam H 2 O • Low levels of oxygen O 2 components Region percentage calorific value Minimum air mass methane number [Vol .-%] [MJ / m 3 ] [m 3 air / m 3 gas] Hydrogen H 2 17.1 to 19.8 10.8 2.36 0 Oxygen O 2 0.4-0.6 0 - - Nitrogen N 2 45 0 - - Carbon monoxide CO 20 to 23.8 12.6 2.41 75-100 Carbon dioxide CO 2 8.5 to 16.2 0 - - Methane CH 4 1.5-2.9 35.9 9.57 100 Higher KWs C m H n 0.2 ⁇ 50-90 variable -
  • Typical calorific values for wood are on the order of 3.5-5.5 MJ / m3, so wood gas is a lean gas.
  • the invention solves this problem with a device having the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1 and with a method with the in the characterizing part of claim nn (will be inserted) specified features.
  • it is at least for the most part transferred to the gas stream to the subsequently arranged hot gas filter which accumulates uncharged in the bottom region of the gas generator charcoal.
  • This can be done by appropriate choice of flow rate in the manner of a pneumatic Transportes, as he has been known for a long time as the bulk material promotion.
  • charcoal, as well as coal dust and entrained ash, on the surface of the filter it is preferred filter cartridges, deposited.
  • oxygen (usually in the form of air) is introduced in the most abrupt manner, whereby the filter cake is blown off the filter cartridges and, favored by pressure surge and temperature, a second gasification step takes place through which the charcoal or charcoal brought along the coal dust is for the most part gasified.
  • the still non-gasified portion is finally gasified by the oxygen supplied in the lower part of the filter - again preferably in the form of air.
  • the system according to the invention is shown schematically with its elements and components necessary for the invention, albeit without the measuring devices, etc., in the single FIGURE. It essentially has: a gas generator 1 and a hot gas filter 2. wood chips, wood pellets, coal or the like are supplied from a storage bin, not shown, via a feed 3 the gas generator 1 fitting at his head and go through in him from the state of Technique known and initially mentioned steps of drying, carbonization, oxidation and reduction, which is indicated in the lower part, indicated by the installation 4, via a line and a manifold system 5 air is supplied properly. It is a classic wood gasifier with a co-current operated fixed bed. In the lower area, after the oxidation, the reduction and unburned parts and ash are withdrawn with the product gas via a line 6 in the bottom region of the gas generator and introduced into the central region of a hot gas filter 2.
  • filter cartridges 7 project from a filter bottom 13 directed downwards into it. Even if a filter cartridge is sufficient under certain circumstances, it is advantageous for continuous operation, if not essential, to provide at least two such filter cartridges 7. Through the filter cartridges through the product gas passes and comes, here referred to as clean gas product in the upper part of the hot gas filter 2, from where it is withdrawn via a clean gas line 8 and the further processing or use is supplied.
  • the filter cartridges 7 are controllably connected to a compressed air supply 9, they can be set by means of this compressed air supply jerky on your clean gas side under pressure to blow off on the raw gas side accumulated filter cake and at least partially gas.
  • a trigger 10 for the non-gasified components and a corresponding ash cone 11 is provided in the lower part of the hot gas filter 2.
  • oxygen for example in the form of air, optionally heated and / or dried, fed into the region below the filter bottom 13 (approximately at the lower end of the filter cartridges), whereby it in the raw gas range of the hot gas filter 2 to another, very complete gasification of the previously not gasified wood components comes.
  • the invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, but may be variously modified.
  • several gas generators and / or several hot gas filters can be suitably combined with one another in order to achieve continuous operation even in the case of maintenance. It may be provided in the gas generator for wood components, which are too heavy for the increased train, a discharge for such parts, whether these are then returned to the gas generator or disposed of, depends on the nature of the starting material and the possibility of a return in the Product flow off.
  • the invention can be combined with various other embodiments of the method or the device, as long as the only reaction in the hot gas filter is not disturbed or the other embodiments of the filtering process do not interfere.
  • the height of the entry of the nozzles or other openings of the supply line 12 into the hot gas filter 2 is suitable in the presence of filter cartridges 7 at the lower end. There, when blowing off the filter cake, the entire material will pass, as well as during the undisturbed operation, the not yet gasified material passes as well. Operating parameters such as overpressure and volume flow can be easily determined by a few tests. If different materials are gasified, it may be advantageous to provide nozzles of different heights that can be supplied individually or in groups.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Vergasen von Holz, mit einem Gaserzeuger (1), dem das zu vergasende Material und Sauerstoff, zumeist in Form von Luft, zugeführt wird, wobei die Vergasung in einem Festbettreaktor erfolgt. Das Produktgas wird über eine Produktgasleitung (6) abgezogen und in eine Heißgasfilter (2) eingebracht, wo durch ein Filter, bevorzugt mit Filterkerzen (7) versehen, Feststoffe wie noch nicht vergaste Partikel, Asche und Fremdkörper abgetrennt werden, während das Reingas hindurch gelangt und über eine Reingasleitung (8) abgeführt wird. Zum Abzug der restlichen Feststoffe ist im Bodenbereich des Heißgasfilters (2) ein Abzug (10) vorgesehen. Zur Erhöhung der Ausbeute ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass dem Heißgasfilter (2) in seinem mittleren Höhenbereich zwischen dem Filterboden (13) und dem Abzug (10) durch eine Leitung (12) Sauerstoff, bevorzugt in Form von Luft, zugeführt wird.The invention relates to a device and a method for gasifying wood, with a gas generator (1) to which the material to be gasified and oxygen, usually in the form of air, is supplied, wherein the gasification takes place in a fixed bed reactor. The product gas is withdrawn via a product gas line (6) and introduced into a hot gas filter (2), where by a filter, preferably with filter cartridges (7), solids such as not yet gasified particles, ash and foreign bodies are separated while the clean gas passes through and is discharged via a clean gas line (8). To deduct the remaining solids in the bottom region of the hot gas filter (2) a trigger (10) is provided. To increase the yield is provided according to the invention that the hot gas filter (2) in its middle height range between the filter bottom (13) and the trigger (10) through a line (12) oxygen, preferably in the form of air, is supplied.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Vergasung von Holz oder anderem kohlenstoffhältigem Material entsprechend dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 und dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches nn (wird noch eingesetzt).The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for the gasification of wood or other carbon-containing material according to the preamble of claim 1 and the preamble of claim nn (is still used).

Zum Stand der Technik kann folgendes ausgeführt werden: Holz ist chemisch aus drei Hauptkomponenten aufgebaut:

  • Cellulose
  • Hemicellulose
  • Lignin
  • Rest
The state of the art can be stated as follows: Wood is chemically composed of three main components:
  • cellulose
  • hemicellulose
  • lignin
  • rest

Cellulosecellulose

Den Hauptbestandteil aller holzartigen Pflanzen stellt mit ca. 50% die Cellulose dar. Cellulose ist ein kettenförmig aufgebautes Molekül aus einzelnen Glucoseeinheiten. Der eigentliche Baustein der Cellulose ist die Cellobiose, ein Disaccharid (Zweifachzucker).The main constituent of all woody plants is about 50% cellulose. Cellulose is a chain-shaped molecule of individual glucose units. The real component of cellulose is cellobiose, a disaccharide (double sugar).

Hemicellulosehemicellulose

Hemicellulose besteht aus polymeren Kohlenhydraten, deren Bestandteile aus Pentosen und Hexosen aufgebaut sind. Hemicellulose ist wie Cellulose ein Polysaccharid (Mehrfachzucker).Hemicellulose is composed of polymeric carbohydrates whose constituents are pentoses and hexoses. Hemicellulose, like cellulose, is a polysaccharide (polyhydric sugar).

Ligninlignin

Die dritte Komponente von Holz ist, mit ca. 25-30% auf die Masse bezogen, das Lignin, ein Polymer aus Phenylpropaneinheiten.The third component of wood, approximately 25-30% by mass, is lignin, a polymer of phenylpropane units.

Restrest

Neben Cellulose, Hemicellulose und Lignin sind im Holz auch Fette, Harze, Terpene, Farb- und Gerbstoffe sowie mineralische Bestandteile vorhanden.In addition to cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, the wood also contains fats, resins, terpenes, dyes, tannins and mineral components.

Elementarzusammensetzungelemental composition

Summenformel Holz:

         C6,1H9O4,2     (1.2)

Molecular formula wood:

C 6.1 H 9 O 4.2 (1.2)

Vergleich Haushaltszucker:

         C12H22O11     (2.2)

Holzart C [m-%] H [m-%] O [m-%] N [m-%] Cl [m-%] Asche [m-%] Buche 49 6 44 0,1 0,001 0,9 Fichte 50 6 43 0,05 0,001 0,95 Comparison of table sugar:

C 12 H 22 O 11 (2.2)

Species C [m-%] H [m-%] O [m-%] N [m-%] Cl [m-%] Ash [% m] beech 49 6 44 0.1 0.001 0.9 Spruce 50 6 43 0.05 0.001 0.95

Thermo-chemische UmwandlungThermo-chemical conversion

Durch thermo-chemische Veredelungsverfahren(Vergasung) werden feste Bioenergieträger in erster Linie unter dem Einfluss von Wärme in gasförmige Sekundärenergieträger transformiert. Bei der Vergasung wird Biomasse bei hohen Temperaturen möglichst vollständig in brennbare Gase (d. h. in ein sogenanntes Synthesegas) umgewandelt. Dabei wird dem Prozess unterstöchiometrisch ein sauerstoffhaltiges Vergasungsmittel (Luft) zugeführt, durch das u. a. der in der Biomasse enthaltene Kohlenstoff in Kohlenstoffmonoxid überführt werden kann. Gleichzeitig wird durch die teilweise Verbrennung des Einsatzmaterials die erforderliche Prozesswärme bereitgestellt, damit der Vergasungsprozess überhaupt stattfinden kann (Autotherme Vergasung). Das entstandene niederkalorische Gas kann in Brennern zur Wärmebereitstellung und u. a. in Gasmotoren oder -turbinen zur Stromerzeugung eingesetzt werden.By thermo-chemical processing (gasification) solid bioenergy carriers are transformed primarily under the influence of heat into gaseous secondary energy sources. During gasification, biomass is converted as completely as possible into flammable gases (ie into so-called synthesis gas) at high temperatures. The process is substoichiometrically an oxygen-containing gasification agent (air) supplied by the u. a. the carbon contained in the biomass can be converted into carbon monoxide. At the same time, the partial combustion of the feed material provides the required process heat so that the gasification process can even take place (autothermal gasification). The resulting low calorific gas can in burners for heat supply and u. a. used in gas engines or turbines for power generation.

Festbettvergasung im GleichstromFixed bed gasification in direct current

Bei dieser Art der Vergasung werden die Feststoffpartikel (Holz) durch den Gasstrom nicht bewegt. Der Brennstoff wandert in Form einer Schüttung durch den Vergaser. Der Vergasungsrückstand wird im unteren Bereich des Vergasers aufgefangen. Brennstoff und Gas gehen den gleichen Weg.In this type of gasification, the solid particles (wood) are not moved by the gas flow. The fuel migrates in the form of a bed through the carburetor. The gasification residue is collected at the bottom of the carburettor. Fuel and gas go the same way.

Erwärmung und TrocknungHeating and drying

Die erste Phase ist dadurch charakterisiert, dass das Holz langsam von außen nach innen erwärmt wird. Ungebundenes Wasser wird in Form von Wasserdampf abgegeben. Dieser Prozess ist endotherm (Energie wird benötigt).The first phase is characterized by the fact that the wood is slowly heated from the outside to the inside. Unbound water is released in the form of water vapor. This process is endothermic (energy is needed).

Entgasung und thermische Zersetzung (Pyrolyse)Degassing and thermal decomposition (pyrolysis)

Die Temperatur in der Pyrolysephase bzw. -zone bewegt sich zwischen 200°C und 400°C. Bei diesen Temperaturen wird Sauerstoff (02) und Wasserstoff (H2) entgast.The temperature in the pyrolysis phase or zone ranges between 200 ° C and 400 ° C. At these temperatures, oxygen (02) and hydrogen (H2) are degassed.

Die in dem vorigen Kapitel genannten Bausteine von Holz werden in dieser Phase vergast. Bei der Pyrolyse entstehen aus Cellulose und Hemicellulose Kohlendioxid (CO2) und Kohlenmonoxid (CO) sowie Essigsäure (CH3COOH), Aceton (C3H6O), Phenole (C6H5OH) und Wasser (H2O). Die bei der Pyrolyse entstehenden langkettigen Kohlenwasserstoffe werden als Teere bezeichnet.The building blocks of wood mentioned in the previous chapter are gassed in this phase. During pyrolysis, cellulose and hemicellulose produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO), as well as acetic acid (CH3COOH), acetone (C3H6O), phenols (C6H5OH) and water (H2O). The resulting in the pyrolysis long-chain hydrocarbons are referred to as tars.

Bei der thermischen Zersetzung von Lignin entstehen Methanol (CH3OH) und aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe (z.B. Benzol (C6H6)).Thermal decomposition of lignin produces methanol (CH3OH) and aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., benzene (C6H6)).

Als Feststoff der Pyrolyse entsteht Holzkohle.

Figure imgb0001
The pyrolysis solid is charcoal.
Figure imgb0001

Oxidationoxidation

Die für die Trocknung, Pyrolyse und Reduktion benötigte Energie wird in dieser Zone gebildet. Kohlenstoff und Wasserstoff verbrennen unter Energieabgabe (exotherm). In dieser Zone bewegen sich die Temperaturen zwischen 650°C und 1100°C und es entstehen CO2, H2O und CH4 (im Folgenden ohne Tiefstellung).The energy required for drying, pyrolysis and reduction is formed in this zone. Carbon and hydrogen burn with energy release (exothermic). In In this zone, the temperatures are between 650 ° C and 1100 ° C, resulting in CO 2 , H 2 O and CH 4 (hereinafter without subscripting).

Reduktionreduction

In der Reduktionszone wird die Entstehung von brennbarem Gas ermöglicht. Hier findet die eigentliche Vergasung des festen Kohlenstoffes statt. In der Reduktionszone werden die bei der vorher ablaufenden Oxidation entstehenden Zwischenprodukte wie CO2 und H2O an der glühenden Holzkohle reduziert. Es entstehen hierbei CO, H2 und höhere Kohlenwasserstoffe. Dies geschieht bei ca. 1100-650°C.In the reduction zone, the formation of combustible gas is made possible. Here the actual gasification of the solid carbon takes place. In the reduction zone, the intermediate products such as CO2 and H2O produced by the oxidation proceeding are reduced on the glowing charcoal. This produces CO, H2 and higher hydrocarbons. This happens at approx. 1100-650 ° C.

Die Reduktion verläuft in Abhängigkeit der vorherrschenden Temperatur. Dabei nimmt die Umsetzung von Wasserstoff und Kohlenstoff zu Methan zwischen 400°C und 600°C stark ab. Bei Temperaturen über 1000°C wird kein Methan mehr gebildet. Die Boudouard-Reaktion erreicht bei hohen Temperaturen eine gute Ausbeute an Kohlenmonoxid. Diese Reaktion verläuft relativ langsam.The reduction is dependent on the prevailing temperature. The conversion of hydrogen and carbon to methane between 400 ° C and 600 ° C decreases sharply. At temperatures above 1000 ° C no methane is formed. The Boudouard reaction achieves a good yield of carbon monoxide at high temperatures. This reaction is relatively slow.

Es besteht die temperaturabhängige gegenläufige Tendenz zwischen hoher CO-Produktion und hoher Wasserstoffproduktion. Des Weiteren tritt die Wasserstoffproduktion zu Gunsten der Methanbildung zurück. Beide Komponenten wirken heizwertsteigernd. Hoher Wasserstoffgehalt erhöht auch die Klopfproblematik des Motors. Das klopffeste Methan ist ein gutes Brenngas, allerdings liegen Erfahrungen vor, dass eine auf hohen Methangehalt geführte Gaserzeugung auch eine hohe Teerbelastung des Gases mit sich bringt.There is a temperature-dependent opposite trend between high CO production and high hydrogen production. In addition, hydrogen production recedes in favor of methane production. Both components increase the heating value. High hydrogen content also increases the knocking problem of the engine. The knock-resistant methane is a good fuel gas, however, there are experiences that lead to a high methane content gas generation also brings a high Teerbelastung the gas with it.

Ablauf des VergasungsprozessesExpiration of the gasification process

Zuerst wird Holz durch Wärmezufuhr aufgeheizt und das dabei im Vergasergut vorhandene Wasser verdampft. Die erforderliche Wärmemenge wird durch die Teilverbrennung der dabei entstehenden Schwelgase und der Oxidation von Kohlenstoff und Wasserstoff erzeugt.First, wood is heated by supplying heat and thereby evaporated in the Vergasergut water. The required amount of heat is generated by the partial combustion of the resulting carbonization and the oxidation of carbon and hydrogen.

Die so entstehende Holzkohle dient als Reaktionsfläche zur Oxidation und Reduktion von Kohlenstoff, Kohlenmonoxid, Kohlendioxid und Wasserstoff. Hierbei verkleinert sich die Holzkohle, d.h. die Oberfläche der Partikel wird größer, somit steigt die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit.The resulting charcoal serves as a reaction surface for the oxidation and reduction of carbon, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen. This reduces the charcoal, ie the surface of the particles is larger, thus increasing the reaction rate.

Hier wird deutlich, dass die Reaktionszone als Ganzes angesehen werden muss und die Reduktion bzw. Oxidation gleichzeitig ablaufen.Here it is clear that the reaction zone must be considered as a whole and the reduction or oxidation take place simultaneously.

Da die Reduktion des Kohlendioxids durch die Holzkohle endotherm ist, sinkt die Temperatur von unten nach oben ab, wodurch die Reaktionen abklingen. Es gibt keine klare Trennung zwischen Reduktionszone und Oxidationszone.Since the reduction of carbon dioxide by the charcoal is endothermic, the temperature drops from bottom to top, causing the reactions to abate. There is no clear separation between the reduction zone and the oxidation zone.

Man vermutet eine Verbrennung des Kohlenstoffes zu CO2 in der Oxidationszone, da bei den dort vorherrschenden hohen Temperaturen von 1000-1300°C eine Beständigkeit von CO2 nicht mehr gegeben ist.It is assumed that the carbon is burned to CO 2 in the oxidation zone, since at the prevailing high temperatures of 1000-1300 ° C there is no longer a persistence of CO 2 .

Ein Teil des Kohlenmonoxids soll dann in Gegenwart von Sauerstoff zu CO2 verbrannt werden. Dieses ist aber wegen der hohen Temperaturen nicht beständig und wird am glühenden Kohlenstoff zu CO reduziert. Ist der Sauerstoff vollständig aufgebraucht, wird kein CO mehr verbrannt und bleibt trotz der niedriger werdenden Temperatur in seiner Konzentration stabil. Nach der letzten Überlegung muss somit aber auch hier von Reduktionsreaktionen ausgegangen werden, da zuerst CO2 vorliegend ist.Part of the carbon monoxide is then to be burned in the presence of oxygen to CO 2 . However, this is not stable because of the high temperatures and is reduced to CO at the glowing carbon. When the oxygen is completely used up, CO is no longer burned and remains stable in its concentration despite the lower temperature. After the last consideration, however, reduction reactions must also be assumed here since CO 2 is present first.

Wie aus den oben angeführten Vorgängen deutlich wird, entsteht bei der Vergasung eine Mischung aus brennbaren und nicht brennbaren Gasen, die sich wie folgt aufteilen:
1. brennbare Gase: • Kohlenmonoxid CO • Wasserstoff H2 • Methan CH4 • Höhermolekulare Kohlenwasserstoffverbindungen 2. nichtbrennbare Gase: • Kohlendioxid CO2 • Stickstoff N2 • Wasserdampf H2O • Geringe Mengen Sauerstoff O2 Komponenten Raumanteil Heizwert Mindestluftmasse Methanzahl [Vol.-%] [MJ/m3] [m3 Luft/m3 Gas] Wasserstoff H2 17,1-19,8 10,8 2,36 0 Sauerstoff O2 0,4-0,6 0 - - Stickstoff N2 45 0 - - Kohlenmonoxid CO 20-23,8 12,6 2,41 75-100 Kohlendioxid CO2 8,5-16,2 0 - - Methan CH4 1,5-2,9 35,9 9,57 100 Höhere KWs CmHn 0,2 ≈50-90 variabel - As is clear from the above-mentioned processes, the gasification produces a mixture of combustible and non-combustible gases, which are divided as follows:
1. combustible gases: • carbon monoxide CO • hydrogen H 2 • methane CH 4 • higher molecular weight hydrocarbon compounds 2. non-combustible gases: • carbon dioxide CO 2 Nitrogen N 2 • Steam H 2 O • Low levels of oxygen O 2 components Region percentage calorific value Minimum air mass methane number [Vol .-%] [MJ / m 3 ] [m 3 air / m 3 gas] Hydrogen H 2 17.1 to 19.8 10.8 2.36 0 Oxygen O 2 0.4-0.6 0 - - Nitrogen N 2 45 0 - - Carbon monoxide CO 20 to 23.8 12.6 2.41 75-100 Carbon dioxide CO 2 8.5 to 16.2 0 - - Methane CH 4 1.5-2.9 35.9 9.57 100 Higher KWs C m H n 0.2 ≈50-90 variable -

Prozessführung, Aufenthaltszeit, Temperatur und Brennstoffart, Körnung und Feuchtigkeit beeinflussen die Zusammensetzung des Holzgases. Typische Heizwerte für Holz liegen in der Größenordnung von 3,5-5,5 MJ/m3, demnach ist Holzgas ein Schwachgas.Process control, residence time, temperature and fuel type, grain size and moisture influence the composition of the wood gas. Typical calorific values for wood are on the order of 3.5-5.5 MJ / m3, so wood gas is a lean gas.

Da 5-10 Gew.-% des Ausgangsmaterials als Asche, hauptsächlich aber als unvergaste Holzreste verbleiben und sachgerecht entsorgt werden müssen, besteht sowohl ein ökonomisches als auch ökologisches Interesse daran, diese bei den Holzvergasungen gemäß dem Stand der Technik unverbrannt anfallenden Holzbestandteile ebenfalls in möglichst hohem Ausmaß zu vergasen. Dies ist auch Aufgabe der Erfindung.Since 5-10 wt .-% of the starting material remain as ash, but mainly as un-gassed wood residues and disposed of properly, there is both an economic and ecological interest in this in the wood gasification according to the prior art unburned accruing wood components also as possible gas to a high degree. This is also an object of the invention.

Die Erfindung löst diese Aufgabe mit einer Vorrichtung mit den im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruches 1 angegebenen Merkmalen und mit einem Verfahren mit den im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruches nn (wird noch eingefügt) angegebenen Merkmalen. Mit anderen Worten: Es wird die im Bodenbereich des Gaserzeugers unvergast anfallende Holzkohle zumindest zum überwiegenden Teil mit dem Gasstrom zum nachschließend angeordneten Heißgasfilter übergeführt. Dies kann durch entsprechende Wahl der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit nach Art eines pneumatischen Transportes, er wie bei der Schüttgutförderung seit langem bekannt ist, durchgeführt werden. Im Heißgasfilter wird Holzkohle, ebenso wie Kohlestaub und mitgenommene Asche, an der Oberfläche des Filters, bevorzugt sind es Filterkerzen, abgeschieden. Es wird in Abhängigkeit vom Druckverlust am Filter stromaufwärts der Filterkerzen Sauerstoff (zumeist in Form von Luft) möglichst stoßartig eingeführt, wodurch an den Filterkerzen der Filterkuchen abgesprengt wird und, durch Druckstoß und Temperatur begünstigt, ein zweiter Vergasungsschritt erfolgt, durch den die mitgebrachte Holzkohle bzw. der Kohlestaub zum bei weitem überwiegenden Teil vergast wird. Der noch immer nicht vergaste Anteil wird durch den im unteren Teil des Filters zugeführten Sauerstoff - wiederum bevorzugt in Form von Luft - endgültig vergast. In Abhängigkeit von den Prozessparametern, die für den Anlagenbauer und den Anlagenbetreiber leicht zu ermitteln, wenn nicht überhaupt schon vorab bekannt, sind, ist es möglich, die Holzvergasung im Wesentlichen vollständig, bis zur mineralischen Asche, durchzuführen.The invention solves this problem with a device having the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1 and with a method with the in the characterizing part of claim nn (will be inserted) specified features. In other words, it is at least for the most part transferred to the gas stream to the subsequently arranged hot gas filter which accumulates uncharged in the bottom region of the gas generator charcoal. This can be done by appropriate choice of flow rate in the manner of a pneumatic Transportes, as he has been known for a long time as the bulk material promotion. In the hot gas filter, charcoal, as well as coal dust and entrained ash, on the surface of the filter, it is preferred filter cartridges, deposited. Depending on the pressure loss at the filter upstream of the filter cartridges, oxygen (usually in the form of air) is introduced in the most abrupt manner, whereby the filter cake is blown off the filter cartridges and, favored by pressure surge and temperature, a second gasification step takes place through which the charcoal or charcoal brought along the coal dust is for the most part gasified. The still non-gasified portion is finally gasified by the oxygen supplied in the lower part of the filter - again preferably in the form of air. Depending on the process parameters, which are easy for the plant constructor and the plant operator to determine, if not already known in advance, it is possible to carry out the wood gasification essentially completely, down to the mineral ash.

In der Zeichnung, die aus einer einzigen Figur besteht, ist eine erfindungsgemäße Anlage rein schematisch dargestellt. Dabei wurde auf die Darstellung all der Bauteile, die mit der Erfindung nicht ursächlich in Zusammenhang stehen verzichtet. Insbesondere die zahlreichen Messgeräte, die Regel- und Absperrorgane, die der Anlage vorgeschalteten und nachgeschalteten Bauteile wie Lager, Trocknungseinrichtung, finale Produktgasreinigung und Überführung zum Verwender, sind dem Fachmann auf dem Gebiete der Anlagen der Holzvergasung bestens bekannt und bedürfen im Zusammenhang mit der Erfindung keiner näheren Erläuterung.In the drawing, which consists of a single figure, a system according to the invention is shown purely schematically. It was waived the representation of all the components that are not causally related to the invention. In particular, the numerous measuring devices, the control and shut-off devices, the upstream and downstream components such as bearings, drying equipment, final product gas cleaning and transfer to the user are well known to those skilled in the field of wood gasification plants and require no in connection with the invention closer explanation.

Die erfindungsgemäße Anlage ist mit Ihren für die Erfindung notwendigen Elementen und Bauteilen - wenn auch ohne die Messgeräte, etc., - in der einzigen Figur schematisch dargestellt. Sie weist im Wesentlichen auf: Einen Gaserzeuger 1 und ein Heißgasfilter 2. Holzhackschnitzel, Holzpellets, Kohle oder ähnliches werden, von einem nicht dargestellten Vorratsbunker, über eine Zufuhr 3 dem Gaserzeuger 1 passend an seinem Kopf zugeführt und durchlaufen in ihm die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten und eingangs angeführten Schritte der Trocknung, der Schwelung, der Oxidation und der Reduktion, wobei im unteren Bereich, durch den Einbau 4 angedeutet, über eine Leitung und ein Verteilersystem 5 Luft passend zugeführt wird. Es handelt sich um einen klassischen Holzvergaser mit einem im Gleichstrom betriebenen Festbett. Im unteren Bereich erfolgt nach der Oxidation die Reduktion und unverbrannte Teile und Asche werden mit dem Produktgas über eine Leitung 6 im Bodenbereich des Gaserzeugers abgezogen und in den mittleren Bereich eines Heißgasfilters 2 eingebracht.The system according to the invention is shown schematically with its elements and components necessary for the invention, albeit without the measuring devices, etc., in the single FIGURE. It essentially has: a gas generator 1 and a hot gas filter 2. wood chips, wood pellets, coal or the like are supplied from a storage bin, not shown, via a feed 3 the gas generator 1 fitting at his head and go through in him from the state of Technique known and initially mentioned steps of drying, carbonization, oxidation and reduction, which is indicated in the lower part, indicated by the installation 4, via a line and a manifold system 5 air is supplied properly. It is a classic wood gasifier with a co-current operated fixed bed. In the lower area, after the oxidation, the reduction and unburned parts and ash are withdrawn with the product gas via a line 6 in the bottom region of the gas generator and introduced into the central region of a hot gas filter 2.

In diesen unteren Bereich des Heißgasfilters 2 ragen Filterkerzen 7 aus einem Filterboden 13 nach unten gerichtet, hinein. Auch wenn eine Filterkerze unter Umständen ausreicht, ist es für einen kontinuierlichen Betrieb günstig, wenn nicht unerlässlich, zumindest zwei derartige Filterkerzen 7 vorzusehen. Durch die Filterkerzen hindurch gelangt das Produktgas und kommt, hier als Reingas bezeichnetes Produkt in den oberen Bereich des Heißgasfilters 2, von wo es über eine Reingasleitung 8 abgezogen und der weiteren Bearbeitung bzw. Verwendung zugeführt wird.In this lower portion of the hot gas filter 2 filter cartridges 7 project from a filter bottom 13 directed downwards into it. Even if a filter cartridge is sufficient under certain circumstances, it is advantageous for continuous operation, if not essential, to provide at least two such filter cartridges 7. Through the filter cartridges through the product gas passes and comes, here referred to as clean gas product in the upper part of the hot gas filter 2, from where it is withdrawn via a clean gas line 8 and the further processing or use is supplied.

Die Filterkerzen 7 sind mit einer Druckluftversorgung 9 regelbar verbunden, sie können mittels dieser Druckluftversorgung stoßartig auf Ihrer Reingasseite unter Überdruck gesetzt werden, um auf der Rohgasseite angesammelten Filterkuchen absprengen und zumindest teilweise vergasen zu können. Im unteren Bereich des Heißgasfilters 2 ist ein Abzug 10 für die nicht vergasten Bestandteile und eine entsprechende Aschetonne 11 vorgesehen.The filter cartridges 7 are controllably connected to a compressed air supply 9, they can be set by means of this compressed air supply jerky on your clean gas side under pressure to blow off on the raw gas side accumulated filter cake and at least partially gas. In the lower part of the hot gas filter 2, a trigger 10 for the non-gasified components and a corresponding ash cone 11 is provided.

Erfindungsgemäß wird nun, wie bereits erwähnt, über eine Leitung 12 Sauerstoff, beispielsweise in Form von Luft, gegebenenfalls erwärmt und/oder getrocknet, in den Bereich unterhalb des Filterbodens 13 (etwa am unteren Ende der Filterkerzen) zugeführt, wodurch es im Rohgasbereich des Heißgasfilters 2 zu einer weiteren, äußerst vollständigen Vergasung der bis dahin noch nicht vergasten Holzbestandteile kommt.According to the invention, as already mentioned, via a line 12 oxygen, for example in the form of air, optionally heated and / or dried, fed into the region below the filter bottom 13 (approximately at the lower end of the filter cartridges), whereby it in the raw gas range of the hot gas filter 2 to another, very complete gasification of the previously not gasified wood components comes.

Auf diese Weise kann der verbleibende, nicht vergaste Anteil des Holzes im Wesentlichen auf die mineralische Asche reduziert werden, was ganz bemerkenswerte Auswirkungen sowohl für die Umwelt als auch in ökonomischer Hinsicht mit sich bringt: Im Stand der Technik sind 5 bis 10 Gew.-% des eingesetzten Brennstoffes nicht vergasbar und bedürfen daher der sachgerechten Entsorgung; durch die Erfindung wird dieser Anteil auf unter 1 Gew.-% des eingesetzten Brennstoffes gedrückt, sodass es durch die Erfindung zu einer Steigerung der Ausbeute von 90 % bis 95 % auf 99 % kommt, wozu noch eine Reduktion des Abfalls auf 10 bis 20 % des bisher anfallenden Abfalles kommt! Dem stehen die vernachlässigbaren Mehrkosten für die Verstärkung des Zuges in der Leitung 6 und die Kosten für das Einblasen der Reaktionsluft durch die Leitung 12 in den Heißgasfilter 2 gegenüber, die nicht ins Gewicht fallen.In this way, the remaining, non-gasified portion of the wood can be reduced substantially to the mineral ash, which has quite remarkable effects both for the environment and in economic terms: In the prior art are 5 to 10 wt .-% of the fuel used can not be gasified and therefore require proper disposal; by the invention, this proportion is pressed to less than 1 wt .-% of the fuel used, so it by the invention to an increase of the yield of 90% to 95% to 99%, to which a reduction of the waste comes to 10 to 20% of the waste so far incurred! This is the negligible additional costs for the reinforcement of the train in the line 6 and the cost of blowing the reaction air through the line 12 in the hot gas filter 2 with respect, which are not significant.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt, sondern kann verschiedentlich abgewandelt werden. So können bei großen Anlagen mehrere Gaserzeuger und/oder mehrere Heißgasfilter passend miteinander kombiniert werden, um auch im Wartungsfall zu einem kontinuierlichen Betrieb zu gelangen. Es kann im Gaserzeuger für Holzbestandteile, die auch für den vermehrten Zug zu schwer sind, eine Austragvorrichtung für derartige Teile vorgesehen werden, ob diese anschließend dem Gaserzeuger wieder zugeführt oder aber entsorgt werden, hängt von der Beschaffenheit des Ausgangsmaterials und der Möglichkeit einer Rückführung in den Produktstrom ab.The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, but may be variously modified. Thus, in large systems, several gas generators and / or several hot gas filters can be suitably combined with one another in order to achieve continuous operation even in the case of maintenance. It may be provided in the gas generator for wood components, which are too heavy for the increased train, a discharge for such parts, whether these are then returned to the gas generator or disposed of, depends on the nature of the starting material and the possibility of a return in the Product flow off.

Es kann die Erfindung mit verschiedenen anderen Ausgestaltungen des Verfahrens oder der Vorrichtung kombiniert werden, solange die nur Reaktion im Heißgasfilter nicht gestört wird bzw. die anderen Ausgestaltungen des Filtervorganges nicht stören.The invention can be combined with various other embodiments of the method or the device, as long as the only reaction in the hot gas filter is not disturbed or the other embodiments of the filtering process do not interfere.

Durch die Durchführung des zweiten Vergasungsschrittes im Heißgasfilter werden die dortigen Zustandsbedingungen nicht so wesentlich geändert, dass eine Änderung oder Anpassung der Materialien notwendig wäre, es können somit all die Bauteile und Materialien verwendet werden, die auch bei herkömmlichen Heißgasfiltern vom Fachmann dafür ins Auge gefasst werden.By carrying out the second gasification step in the hot gas filter, the conditions there are not changed so significantly that a change or adaptation of the materials would be necessary, it can thus all the components and materials are used, which are also taken into account in conventional hot gas filters by the expert ,

Die Höhe des Eintrittes der Düsen oder anderen Öffnungen der Zufuhrleitung 12 in das Heißgasfilter 2 ist beim Vorhandensein von Filterkerzen 7 an deren unterem Ende passend. Dort wird beim Absprengen des Filterkuchens das gesamte Material vorbeikommen, ebenso wie während des ungestörten Betrieb das noch nicht vergaste Material ebenso vorbeikommt. Betriebsparameter wie Überdruck und Volumensstrom sind durch wenige Versuche leicht zu ermitteln. Wenn unterschiedliche Materialien vergast werden, ist es unter Umständen vorteilhaft, Düsen in unterschiedlicher Höhe vorzusehen, die einzeln oder in Gruppen versorgt werden können.The height of the entry of the nozzles or other openings of the supply line 12 into the hot gas filter 2 is suitable in the presence of filter cartridges 7 at the lower end. There, when blowing off the filter cake, the entire material will pass, as well as during the undisturbed operation, the not yet gasified material passes as well. Operating parameters such as overpressure and volume flow can be easily determined by a few tests. If different materials are gasified, it may be advantageous to provide nozzles of different heights that can be supplied individually or in groups.

Auch können durch schräge Anordnung von Düsen spezielle Strömungsmuster erhalten werden, durch die die weitere Vergasung befördert wird. Bezugszeichenliste: 01 Vergaser 08 Reingasleitung 02 Heißluftfilter 09 Druckluftversorgung 03 Zufuhr 10 Abzug 04 Einbau 11 Aschetonne 05 Verteilersystem 12 Zufuhrleitung 06 Produktleitung 13 Filterboden 07 Filterkerze(n) Also, by slanting arrangement of nozzles, special flow patterns can be obtained by which the further gasification is carried. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS 01 carburettor 08 Clean gas line 02 Hot air filter 09 Air Supply 03 supply 10 deduction 04 installation 11 ash container 05 distribution system 12 supply line 06 product line 13 filter bottom 07 Filter candle (s)

Claims (3)

Vorrichtung zum Vergasen von kohlenstoffhaltigem Material, insbesondere Holz, mit einem Gaserzeuger (1), dem das zu vergasende Material in seinem oberen Bereich zugeführt wird und dem Sauerstoff, zumeist in Form von Luft, in seinem mittleren Bereich zugeführt wird, und in dessen unterem Bereich es in einem Festbettreaktor großteils vergast wird, wobei aus dem unterstem Bereich des Gaserzeugers (1) das Produktgas über eine Produktgasleitung (6) abgezogen und in den unteren Bereich eines Heißgasfilters (2) eingebracht wird, wo durch ein Filter, bevorzugt mit Filterkerzen (7) versehen Feststoffe wie noch nicht vergaste Partikel, Asche und Fremdkörper abgetrennt werden, während das Reingas hindurch gelangt und über eine Reingasleitung (8) abgeführt wird, wobei zum Abzug der restlichen Feststoffe im Bodenbereich des Heißgasfilters (2) ein Abzug (10) vorgesehen ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
dass dem Heißgasfilter (2) in seinem mittleren Höhenbereich zwischen dem Filterboden (13) und dem Abzug (10) durch eine Leitung (12) Sauerstoff, bevorzugt in Form von Luft, zugeführt wird.Apparatus for gasifying carbonaceous material, in particular wood, with a gas generator (1) to which the material to be gasified is supplied in its upper region and the oxygen, usually in the form of air, is supplied in its central region, and in its lower region it is largely gasified in a fixed bed reactor, wherein from the bottom of the gas generator (1) the product gas via a product gas line (6) withdrawn and introduced into the lower portion of a hot gas filter (2), where by a filter, preferably with filter cartridges (7 ) provided solids such as not gasified particles, ash and foreign bodies are separated, while the clean gas passes through and is discharged via a clean gas line (8), wherein a deduction (10) is provided for the withdrawal of the remaining solids in the bottom region of the hot gas filter (2) .
characterized,
that the hot gas filter (2) in its middle height range between the filter bottom (13) and the trigger (10) through a line (12) oxygen, preferably in the form of air, is supplied. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zug in der Produktgasleitung (6), beispielsweise durch ein Gebläse, so stark ist, dass die im Gaserzeuger nicht vergasten Partikel im Wesentlichen in das Heißgasfilter (2) mitgerissen werden.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the train in the product gas line (6), for example by a blower, is so strong that the non-gasified in the gas generator particles are entrained substantially in the hot gas filter (2). Verfahren zum Vergasen von kohlenstoffhaltigem Material, insbesondere Holz, mit einem Gaserzeuger (1) und einem ihm im Produktstrom nachgeschalteten Heißgasfilter (2), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass dem Heißgasfilter (2) im Produktstrom vor dem Filter Sauerstoff, bevorzugt in Form von Luft, zugeführt wird und so ein weiterer Vergasungsvorgang erfolgt.A method for gasifying carbonaceous material, in particular wood, with a gas generator (1) and a downstream in the product flow hot gas filter (2), characterized in that the hot gas filter (2) in the product stream in front of the filter oxygen, preferably in the form of air supplied and so another gasification process takes place.
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PL15158828T PL3067407T3 (en) 2015-03-12 2015-03-12 System and method for gasification of carbonaceous material
PT15158828T PT3067407T (en) 2015-03-12 2015-03-12 System and method for gasification of carbonaceous material
LTEP15158828.2T LT3067407T (en) 2015-03-12 2015-03-12 System and method for gasification of carbonaceous material
HUE15158828A HUE040505T2 (en) 2015-03-12 2015-03-12 System and method for gasification of carbonaceous material
DK15158828.2T DK3067407T3 (en) 2015-03-12 2015-03-12 Apparatus and method for gasification of carbonaceous material
SI201530467T SI3067407T1 (en) 2015-03-12 2015-03-12 System and method for gasification of carbonaceous material
TR2018/16526T TR201816526T4 (en) 2015-03-12 2015-03-12 Device and method for gasification of carbon containing materials.
ES15158828T ES2696674T3 (en) 2015-03-12 2015-03-12 System and method for gasification of carbonaceous material
RS20181354A RS57998B1 (en) 2015-03-12 2015-03-12 System and method for gasification of carbonaceous material
HRP20181834TT HRP20181834T1 (en) 2015-03-12 2018-11-06 System and method for gasification of carbonaceous material
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3323495A1 (en) * 2016-11-16 2018-05-23 Glock Gaston Product gas filter comprising filter candles and a zeolite injection
WO2018091371A1 (en) 2016-11-16 2018-05-24 Gaston Glock Product gas filter comprising candle filters and a zeolite supply
KR20190074289A (en) * 2016-11-16 2019-06-27 글록 헬스, 사이언스 앤드 리서치 게엠베하 A production gas filter comprising candle filters and a zeolite source
CN110167656A (en) * 2016-11-16 2019-08-23 格洛克保健科学研究有限责任公司 Product gas filter including filter candle and zeolite feeding mechanism
EA034793B1 (en) * 2016-11-16 2020-03-23 Глок Хелс, Сайэнс Энд Рисерч Гмбх Product gas filter
US11260332B2 (en) 2016-11-16 2022-03-01 Glock Health, Science And Research Gmbh Product gas filter
EP3581636A1 (en) 2018-06-11 2019-12-18 Glock Technology GmbH Device and method for storing energy of cogeneration plants

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EP3067407B1 (en) 2018-08-15
DK3067407T3 (en) 2018-12-03
HRP20181834T1 (en) 2018-12-28
CY1120840T1 (en) 2019-12-11
TR201816526T4 (en) 2018-11-21
LT3067407T (en) 2018-11-26
ES2696674T3 (en) 2019-01-17
RS57998B1 (en) 2019-01-31
HUE040505T2 (en) 2019-03-28
PT3067407T (en) 2018-11-26
PL3067407T3 (en) 2019-01-31
SI3067407T1 (en) 2018-12-31

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