EP3056697A1 - Device and method for cleaning a circuit for sucking gases from a housing - Google Patents

Device and method for cleaning a circuit for sucking gases from a housing Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3056697A1
EP3056697A1 EP16152335.2A EP16152335A EP3056697A1 EP 3056697 A1 EP3056697 A1 EP 3056697A1 EP 16152335 A EP16152335 A EP 16152335A EP 3056697 A1 EP3056697 A1 EP 3056697A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit
internal combustion
combustion engine
compressor
gases
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Granted
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EP16152335.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3056697B1 (en
Inventor
Marc JAN
Arnaud Dupuis
Jean Novati
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PSA Automobiles SA
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Peugeot Citroen Automobiles SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/02—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of the automobile, and more specifically to the suction circuit of gases from a crankcase (also called breather) of an internal combustion engine fitted to the vehicles.
  • a crankcase also called breather
  • An internal combustion engine conventionally comprises a crankcase partially filled with oil for lubricating the moving parts of the engine.
  • the engine comprises at least one cylinder provided with a combustion chamber in which takes place a combustion of an air / fuel mixture providing a piston, of complementary shape to the combustion chamber, a translational movement in the cylinder.
  • the engine also includes a cylinder head, allowing the opening and closing of intake ports of the air / fuel mixture by intake valves and gas exhaust mouths resulting from combustion by exhaust valves, and a cylinder head cover.
  • An outer dimension of the piston is smaller than an inner dimension of the cylinder to reduce a maximum of friction between the piston and the cylinder.
  • the piston is provided, on an outer wall, with at least one segment licking a side wall of the cylinder to increase the seal between the piston and the cylinder and thus increase the engine power.
  • crankcase gases and better known under the English name "blow-by gas”
  • other parts of the engine such as the valves, are prone to leakage. These leaks cause an increase in the pressure in the crankcase and between the cylinder head and the cylinder head cover, reducing the performance of the engine and can damage seals and defuse a lubrication circuit of the internal combustion engine.
  • the crankcase and the cylinder head cover, connected by the circuit of lubrication of the engine have a substantially identical internal pressure.
  • the European document EP 1 327 753 describes a device for suction of the gases from the casing and an air intake circuit provided with a compressor connected to the combustion chamber of the cylinder.
  • the suction device is connected to an inlet and an outlet of the compressor via a three-way valve.
  • Such a device makes it possible to reduce the pressure induced by the gases coming from the crankcase in the internal combustion engine but does not solve a plug problem in said device.
  • the reduction in pressure of the gases coming from the crankcase at the outlet of the engine creates a water vapor which, mixed with fine particles of oil present in the gases coming from the crankcase, forms a foam.
  • this foam freezes in the suction device of the gases from the crankcase, due to the decrease in the engine output pressure added to a low outside temperature, and the device stops. suction.
  • a first objective is to provide a device for extracting gases from a crankcase of an internal combustion engine capable of preventing a foam formed by the gases from the crankcase from clogging the suction device.
  • a second objective is to provide a gas suction device from the housing easily adaptable to internal combustion engines and existing air intake circuits.
  • a third objective is to provide a suction device gas from the casing simple and economical.
  • a fourth objective is to propose a motor vehicle equipped with such a device for extracting gases from the crankcase.
  • FIG. 1 On the figure 1 is represented a vehicle 1 automobile equipped with an internal combustion engine 2 connected to a circuit 3 for admission of air, a device 4 of gas suction from a housing 5 of the engine 2 and a circuit 6 d ' exhaust.
  • the engine 2 comprising the housing 5 partially filled with oil for the lubrication of the engine 2.
  • the engine 2 comprises at least one cylinder 7 defining a combustion chamber 8 in which takes place a combustion of an air mixture / fuel providing a piston 9 with a shape complementary to the combustion chamber 8 , a translational movement in the cylinder 7.
  • the combustion chamber 8 is defined by an upper wall 10 of the piston 9, a side wall 11 of the cylinder 7 and a lower wall 12 of a yoke 13.
  • a connecting rod 14 is integral with the piston 9 and a crankshaft 15, movable in a rotational movement relative to the piston 9 and the crankshaft 15.
  • the yoke 13 allows the opening and closing at least one intake port 16 for admitting the air / fuel mixture by an inlet valve 17 and at least one gas outlet mouth 18 resulting from the combustion by an exhaust valve 19 t.
  • the engine 2 also includes a cylinder head cover 20 to protect the intake valves 17 and exhaust 19 for their lubrication via a 21 lubrication circuit connecting the cylinder head cover 20 to the casing 5.
  • An outer dimension P of the piston 9 is smaller than an internal dimension C of the cylinder 7 in order to reduce a maximum of friction between the piston 9 and the cylinder 7.
  • the piston 9 is generally provided, on a outer wall 23 , three segments 23 licking the side wall 11 of the cylinder 7 for increasing the seal between the piston 9 and the cylinder 7 .
  • the cylinder head cover 20 is connected to the suction device 4 for the gases coming from the casing 5 of the internal combustion engine 2 .
  • the suction device 4 comprises a main degassing circuit 24 connected at a first end 25 to the valve cover 20.
  • the suction device 4 also comprises a three-way valve 26 connected to a second end 27 of the circuit 24 of FIG. main degassing, a compression degassing circuit 28 and a cleaning degassing circuit 29 .
  • the three-way valve 26 comprises a three-way position 30, the fluid path is shown in figure 3 , allowing the passage of fluids in the main degassing circuit 24 , the compression degassing circuit 28 and the cleaning degassing circuit 29 .
  • the three-way valve 26 comprises a compression position 31 , whose fluid path is represented on the figure 4 , allowing the passage of fluids in the main degassing circuit 24 and the compression degassing circuit 28 .
  • the three-way valve 26 also includes a cleaning position 32 , the fluid path of which is shown in FIG. figure 5 , allowing the passage of fluids in the main degassing circuit 24 and the degassing circuit 29 in cleaning.
  • the air intake circuit 3 connected to the intake port 16 of the internal combustion engine 2 , comprising an inlet 33 of outside air, a compressor 34 and a throttle 35 placed between the compressor 34 and the mouth 16 engine inlet 2.
  • the throttle 35 can occupy any position between a position 36 open, shown in figures 3 and 4 , allowing the passage of fluids between the compressor 34 and the internal combustion engine 2 , and a closed position 37 , shown in FIG. figure 5 , blocking the passage of fluids between the compressor 34 and the engine 2.
  • the compression degassing circuit 28 is connected to an inlet 38 of the compressor 34 and the cleaning degassing circuit 29 is connected to an outlet 39 of the compressor 34.
  • the exhaust circuit 6 is connected to the exhaust port 18 of the internal combustion engine 2 .
  • the positons of the three-way valve 26 and the throttle valve 35 can be selected, for example, by mechanical means, electrical means or hydraulic or pneumatic means.
  • the compressor 34 may be, for example, a mechanical compressor, an electric compressor or a hydraulic or pneumatic compressor.
  • the throttle valve 35 is in the closed position blocking the passage of fluids between the compressor 34 and the intake port 16 of the engine 2.
  • the gases coming from the crankcase 5 are no longer in position. overpressure in the housing 5 and the cylinder cover 20. Nevertheless, gases from the housing 5 stagnate in the suction device 4 may clog the latter by freezing at low outdoor temperatures.
  • the compressor 34 is in operation and the three-way valve 26 is in the cleaning position 32 guiding the casing gases 5, from the outside air inlet 33 of the air intake circuit 3 to the cylinder cover 20 of the engine 2, via the compressor 34, the cleaning degassing circuit 29 and the main degassing circuit 24 , as shown in FIG. figure 5 .
  • the controls of the means making it possible to select the positions of the three-way valve 26 and the throttle valve 35 as well as to control the operation of the engine 2 and the compressor 34 may be performed by a computer (not shown) which analyzes the conditions of the engine 2 for generating and sending commands to the three-way valve 26 , throttle valve 35, engine 2 and compressor 34.
  • the air intake circuit 3 may comprise, alone or in combination, an air filter 40 connected to the inlet 33 of outside air, a turbocharger 41 placed at the outlet of the compressor 34, and a cooler 42 to air placed between the turbo compressor 34 and the throttle valve 35.
  • the turbocharger 41 also belongs to the exhaust circuit 6 where exhaust gases start the turbocharger 41.
  • the main degassing circuit 24 of the device 4 for extracting gases from the casing 5 of an internal combustion engine 2 can be connected to the casing 5 of the engine 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif (4) d'aspiration des gaz issus d'un carter (5) d'un moteur (2) à combustion interne comprenant :
- un circuit (24) de dégazage principal relié au moteur (2) et à un sélecteur (26) comportant une position de compression permettant le passage de fluides dans le circuit (24) de dégazage principal et un circuit (28) de dégazage en compression relié au sélecteur (26) et à une entrée (38) d'un compresseur (34) relié au moteur (2), et
- une vanne (35), disposé entre le compresseur (34) et le moteur (2), bloquant le lien entre le compresseur (34) et le moteur (2) lorsque le sélecteur (26) est dans une position de nettoyage permettant le passage des fluides dans un circuit (29) de dégazage en nettoyage relié au sélecteur (26) et à une sortie (39) du compresseur (34) et le circuit (24) de dégazage principal.

Figure imgaf001
Device ( 4 ) for extracting gases from a casing ( 5 ) of an internal combustion engine ( 2 ) comprising:
a main degassing circuit ( 24 ) connected to the engine ( 2 ) and to a selector ( 26 ) comprising a compression position allowing the passage of fluids in the main degassing circuit ( 24 ) and a degassing circuit ( 28 ) in compression connected to the selector ( 26 ) and to an inlet ( 38 ) of a compressor ( 34 ) connected to the engine ( 2 ), and
a valve ( 35 ), arranged between the compressor ( 34 ) and the motor ( 2 ), blocking the link between the compressor ( 34 ) and the motor ( 2 ) when the selector ( 26 ) is in a cleaning position allowing the passing fluids through a cleaning degassing circuit ( 29 ) connected to the selector ( 26 ) and an outlet ( 39 ) of the compressor ( 34 ) and the main degassing circuit ( 24 ).
Figure imgaf001

Description

L'invention a trait au domaine de l'automobile, et plus précisément au circuit d'aspiration des gaz issus d'un carter (aussi appelé reniflard) d'un moteur à combustion interne équipant les véhicules.The invention relates to the field of the automobile, and more specifically to the suction circuit of gases from a crankcase (also called breather) of an internal combustion engine fitted to the vehicles.

Un moteur à combustion interne comprend classiquement un carter partiellement rempli d'huile permettant la lubrification des organes en mouvement du moteur. Le moteur comprend au moins un cylindre muni d'une chambre de combustion dans laquelle se déroule une combustion d'un mélange air/carburant procurant à un piston, de forme complémentaire à la chambre de combustion, un mouvement de translation dans le cylindre. Le moteur comprend également une culasse, permettant l'ouverture et la fermeture de bouches d'admission du mélange air/carburant par des soupapes d'admission ainsi que de bouches d'échappement de gaz résultant de la combustion par des soupapes d'échappement, et un couvre-culasse.An internal combustion engine conventionally comprises a crankcase partially filled with oil for lubricating the moving parts of the engine. The engine comprises at least one cylinder provided with a combustion chamber in which takes place a combustion of an air / fuel mixture providing a piston, of complementary shape to the combustion chamber, a translational movement in the cylinder. The engine also includes a cylinder head, allowing the opening and closing of intake ports of the air / fuel mixture by intake valves and gas exhaust mouths resulting from combustion by exhaust valves, and a cylinder head cover.

Une dimension extérieure du piston est inférieure à une dimension intérieure du cylindre afin de réduire un maximum de frottements entre le piston et le cylindre. Cependant, dans un souci de rendement, le piston est muni, sur une paroi extérieure, d'au moins un segment venant lécher une paroi latérale du cylindre permettant d'accroître l'étanchéité entre le piston et le cylindre et ainsi d'augmenter la puissance du moteur.An outer dimension of the piston is smaller than an inner dimension of the cylinder to reduce a maximum of friction between the piston and the cylinder. However, for the sake of efficiency, the piston is provided, on an outer wall, with at least one segment licking a side wall of the cylinder to increase the seal between the piston and the cylinder and thus increase the engine power.

Néanmoins, cette étanchéité n'est pas parfaite et une partie des gaz, résultant de la combustion du mélange air/carburant, parvient dans le carter (appelés gaz issus du carter et plus connus sous la dénomination anglophone « gaz de blow-by »). De plus, d'autres parties du moteur, telles que les soupapes, sont sujettes à un défaut d'étanchéité. Ces défauts d'étanchéité provoquent une augmentation de la pression dans le carter ainsi qu'entre la culasse et le couvre-culasse, amoindrissant les performances du moteur et pouvant abimer des joints et désamorcer un circuit de lubrification du moteur à combustion interne. Le carter et le couvre-culasse, reliés par le circuit de lubrification du moteur, ont une pression interne sensiblement identique.Nevertheless, this seal is not perfect and part of the gases, resulting from the combustion of the air / fuel mixture, reaches the crankcase (called crankcase gases and better known under the English name "blow-by gas"). . In addition, other parts of the engine, such as the valves, are prone to leakage. These leaks cause an increase in the pressure in the crankcase and between the cylinder head and the cylinder head cover, reducing the performance of the engine and can damage seals and defuse a lubrication circuit of the internal combustion engine. The crankcase and the cylinder head cover, connected by the circuit of lubrication of the engine, have a substantially identical internal pressure.

Il est connu d'ajouter un dispositif d'aspiration des gaz issus du carter, relié à un couvre-culasse et à la bouche d'admission du moteur à combustion interne, permettant de diminuer la pression présente dans le carter et le couvre-culasse en guidant les gaz issus du carter vers la chambre de combustion du cylindre. Ainsi, le document européen EP 1 327 753 , décrit un dispositif d'aspiration des gaz issus du carter et un circuit d'admission d'air muni d'un compresseur relié à la chambre de combustion du cylindre. Le dispositif d'aspiration est relié à une entrée et une sortie du compresseur via une vanne trois voies. Lorsque le moteur à combustion interne et le compresseur sont en fonctionnement, la vanne permet le passage des gaz issus du carter vers l'entrée du compresseur. Lorsque le moteur est en fonctionnement et que le compresseur est arrêté, la vanne permet le passage des gaz issus du carter vers la sortie du compresseur et un circuit de contournement du compresseur est alors ouvert.It is known to add a suction device of the gas from the housing, connected to a cylinder head cover and the intake of the internal combustion engine, to reduce the pressure in the housing and the cylinder head cover guiding the gases from the housing to the combustion chamber of the cylinder. Thus, the European document EP 1 327 753 , describes a device for suction of the gases from the casing and an air intake circuit provided with a compressor connected to the combustion chamber of the cylinder. The suction device is connected to an inlet and an outlet of the compressor via a three-way valve. When the internal combustion engine and the compressor are in operation, the valve allows the passage of the gases from the crankcase to the inlet of the compressor. When the engine is running and the compressor is stopped, the valve allows the passage of gases from the crankcase to the outlet of the compressor and a bypass circuit of the compressor is then opened.

Un tel dispositif permet de réduire la pression induite par les gaz issus du carter dans le moteur à combustion interne mais ne résout pas un problème de bouchon dans ledit dispositif. En effet, la diminution de pression des gaz issus du carter en sortie du moteur créée une vapeur d'eau qui, mélangée à de fines particules d'huile présentes dans les gaz issus du carter, forme une mousse. Dans des conditions hivernales et après l'arrêt du moteur, cette mousse gèle dans le dispositif d'aspiration des gaz issus du carter, en raison de la diminution de la pression en sortie du moteur additionnée à une faible température extérieure, et bouche le dispositif d'aspiration.Such a device makes it possible to reduce the pressure induced by the gases coming from the crankcase in the internal combustion engine but does not solve a plug problem in said device. In fact, the reduction in pressure of the gases coming from the crankcase at the outlet of the engine creates a water vapor which, mixed with fine particles of oil present in the gases coming from the crankcase, forms a foam. In winter conditions and after stopping the engine, this foam freezes in the suction device of the gases from the crankcase, due to the decrease in the engine output pressure added to a low outside temperature, and the device stops. suction.

Un premier objectif est de proposer un dispositif d'aspiration des gaz issus d'un carter d'un moteur à combustion interne apte à empêcher une mousse formée par les gaz issus du carter de boucher le dispositif d'aspiration.A first objective is to provide a device for extracting gases from a crankcase of an internal combustion engine capable of preventing a foam formed by the gases from the crankcase from clogging the suction device.

Un second objectif est de proposer un dispositif d'aspiration des gaz issus du carter facilement adaptable aux moteurs à combustion interne et aux circuits d'admission d'air existants.A second objective is to provide a gas suction device from the housing easily adaptable to internal combustion engines and existing air intake circuits.

Un troisième objectif est de proposer un dispositif d'aspiration des gaz issus du carter simple et économique.A third objective is to provide a suction device gas from the casing simple and economical.

Un quatrième objectif est de proposer un véhicule automobile équipé d'un tel dispositif d'aspiration des gaz issus du carter.A fourth objective is to propose a motor vehicle equipped with such a device for extracting gases from the crankcase.

A cet effet, il est proposé, en premier lieu, un dispositif d'aspiration des gaz issus d'un carter d'un moteur à combustion interne, ce dispositif étant relié à un circuit d'admission d'air, comprenant un compresseur, lui-même relié au moteur à combustion interne, ce dispositif comprenant :

  • un circuit de dégazage principal relié au moteur à combustion interne ;
  • un circuit de dégazage en compression relié à une entrée du compresseur ;
  • un circuit de dégazage en nettoyage relié à une sortie du compresseur ;
  • un sélecteur relié au circuit de dégazage principal, au circuit de dégazage en compression et au circuit de dégazage en nettoyage, comportant une position de compression permettant le passage de fluides dans le circuit de dégazage principal et le circuit de dégazage en compression et une position de nettoyage pour permettre le passage des fluides dans le circuit de dégazage principal et le circuit de dégazage en nettoyage ;
  • une vanne, disposée entre le compresseur et le moteur à combustion interne, bloquant le lien entre le compresseur et le moteur à combustion interne lorsque le sélecteur est en position de nettoyage pour permettre la purge des gaz issus du carter du circuit de dégazage principal.
For this purpose, it is proposed, in the first place, a device for extracting gases from a crankcase of an internal combustion engine, this device being connected to an air intake circuit comprising a compressor, itself connected to the internal combustion engine, this device comprising:
  • a main degassing circuit connected to the internal combustion engine;
  • a compression degassing circuit connected to an inlet of the compressor;
  • a cleaning degassing circuit connected to an outlet of the compressor;
  • a selector connected to the main degassing circuit, to the compression degassing circuit and to the cleaning degassing circuit, comprising a compression position allowing the passage of fluids in the main degassing circuit and the compression degassing circuit and a position of cleaning to allow the passage of fluids in the main degassing circuit and the degassing circuit for cleaning;
  • a valve, disposed between the compressor and the internal combustion engine, blocking the link between the compressor and the internal combustion engine when the selector is in the cleaning position to allow the purge of gases from the casing of the main degassing circuit.

Diverses caractéristiques supplémentaires peuvent être prévues, seules ou en combinaison :

  • le sélecteur comprend une position trois voies permettant le passage des fluides dans le circuit de dégazage principal, le circuit de dégazage en compression et le circuit de dégazage en nettoyage ;
  • la sélection de la position du sélecteur est réalisée par un moyen mécanique ;
  • la sélection de la position du sélecteur est réalisée par un moyen électrique ;
  • la sélection de la position du sélecteur est réalisée par un moyen hydraulique ou pneumatique ;
  • le sélecteur est une vanne trois voies ;
  • le circuit de dégazage principal est relié à un couvre-culasse du moteur à combustion interne.
Various additional features may be provided, alone or in combination:
  • the selector comprises a three-way position permitting the passage of fluids in the main degassing circuit, the degassing circuit in compression and the degassing circuit for cleaning;
  • the selector position is selected by mechanical means;
  • the selection of the selector position is performed by an electrical means;
  • the selector position is selected by hydraulic or pneumatic means;
  • the selector is a three-way valve;
  • the main degassing circuit is connected to a cylinder head cover of the internal combustion engine.

Il est proposé, en deuxième lieu, un procédé d'aspiration des gaz issus d'un carter mis en oeuvre par un dispositif tel que présenté ci-dessus, ce procédé comprenant les opérations consistant à :

  • fournir de l'air au moteur à combustion interne via un circuit d'admission d'air comprenant un compresseur ;
  • canaliser les gaz issus du carter vers une entrée du compresseur ;
  • bloquer l'air arrivant au moteur à combustion interne, via la vanne du circuit d'admission d'air, en sortie du compresseur ;
  • canaliser les gaz issus du carter depuis une sortie du compresseur vers un couvre-culasse ou un carter du moteur à combustion interne.
It is proposed, secondly, a method of suction of gases from a housing implemented by a device as presented above, this method comprising the operations of:
  • supplying air to the internal combustion engine via an air intake circuit comprising a compressor;
  • channeling the gases from the housing to an inlet of the compressor;
  • blocking the air arriving at the internal combustion engine, via the valve of the air intake circuit, at the outlet of the compressor;
  • channeling the gases from the crankcase from an outlet of the compressor to a cylinder head cover or crankcase of the internal combustion engine.

Il est proposé, en troisième lieu, un calculateur apte à réaliser un procédé d'aspiration des gaz issus d'un carter d'un moteur à combustion interne tel que présenté ci-dessus.It is proposed, thirdly, a computer adapted to perform a method of suction of gases from a crankcase of an internal combustion engine as presented above.

Il est proposé, en quatrième lieu, un véhicule automobile équipé d'un calculateur tel que présenté ci-dessus.It is proposed, fourthly, a motor vehicle equipped with a computer as presented above.

D'autres objets et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lumière de la description de modes de réalisation, faite ci-après en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente un véhicule automobile comprenant un moteur à combustion interne, un circuit d'admission d'air, un dispositif d'aspiration des gaz issus d'un carter du moteur et un circuit d'échappement ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue schématique d'un moteur à combustion interne ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue schématique d'un moteur à combustion interne, d'un circuit d'admission d'air, d'un dispositif d'aspiration des gaz issus d'un carter du moteur et d'un circuit d'échappement, représentant la circulation des fluides lorsque le moteur est en fonctionnement et un compresseur du circuit d'admission d'air est à l'arrêt ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue similaire à la figure 3, représentant la circulation des fluides lorsque le moteur et le compresseur sont en fonctionnement ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue similaire à la figure 3, représentant la circulation des fluides lorsque le compresseur est en fonctionnement et le moteur est à l'arrêt ;
  • la figure 6 est une vue schématique d'une variante du circuit d'admission d'air et du circuit d'échappement de la figure 1.
Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the light of the description of embodiments, given below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 represents a motor vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine, an air intake circuit, a gas suction device from a motor housing and an exhaust circuit;
  • the figure 2 is a schematic view of an internal combustion engine;
  • the figure 3 is a schematic view of an internal combustion engine, an air intake circuit, a device for extracting gases from a motor housing and an exhaust circuit, representing the circulation of fluids when the engine is running and a compressor of the air intake circuit is stopped;
  • the figure 4 is a view similar to the figure 3 , representing the flow of fluids when the engine and the compressor are in operation;
  • the figure 5 is a view similar to the figure 3 , representing the flow of fluids when the compressor is running and the engine is stopped;
  • the figure 6 is a schematic view of a variant of the air intake circuit and the exhaust circuit of the figure 1 .

Sur la figure 1 est représenté un véhicule 1 automobile équipé d'un moteur 2 à combustion interne relié à un circuit 3 d'admission d'air, un dispositif 4 d'aspiration de gaz issus d'un carter 5 du moteur 2 et un circuit 6 d'échappement.On the figure 1 is represented a vehicle 1 automobile equipped with an internal combustion engine 2 connected to a circuit 3 for admission of air, a device 4 of gas suction from a housing 5 of the engine 2 and a circuit 6 d ' exhaust.

Sur la figure 2 est illustré le moteur 2 à combustion interne comprenant le carter 5 partiellement rempli d'huile permettant la lubrification du moteur 2. Le moteur 2 comprend au moins un cylindre 7 définissant une chambre 8 de combustion dans laquelle se déroule une combustion d'un mélange air/carburant procurant à un piston 9, de forme complémentaire à la chambre 8 de combustion, un mouvement de translation dans le cylindre 7. La chambre 8 de combustion est définie par une paroi 10 supérieure du piston 9, une paroi 11 latérale du cylindre 7 et une paroi 12 inférieure d'une culasse 13. Une bielle 14 est solidaire du piston 9 et d'un vilebrequin 15, mobile suivant un mouvement de rotation par rapport au piston 9 et au vilebrequin 15. La culasse 13 permet l'ouverture et la fermeture d'au moins une bouche 16 d'admission du mélange air/carburant par une soupape 17 d'admission ainsi que d'au moins une bouche 18 d'échappement de gaz résultant de la combustion par une soupape 19 d'échappement. Le moteur 2 comprend également un couvre-culasse 20 permettant de protéger les soupapes d'admission 17 et d'échappement 19 pendant leur lubrification via un circuit 21 de lubrification reliant le couvre-culasse 20 au carter 5. On the figure 2 is illustrated the internal combustion engine 2 comprising the housing 5 partially filled with oil for the lubrication of the engine 2. The engine 2 comprises at least one cylinder 7 defining a combustion chamber 8 in which takes place a combustion of an air mixture / fuel providing a piston 9 with a shape complementary to the combustion chamber 8 , a translational movement in the cylinder 7. The combustion chamber 8 is defined by an upper wall 10 of the piston 9, a side wall 11 of the cylinder 7 and a lower wall 12 of a yoke 13. A connecting rod 14 is integral with the piston 9 and a crankshaft 15, movable in a rotational movement relative to the piston 9 and the crankshaft 15. The yoke 13 allows the opening and closing at least one intake port 16 for admitting the air / fuel mixture by an inlet valve 17 and at least one gas outlet mouth 18 resulting from the combustion by an exhaust valve 19 t. The engine 2 also includes a cylinder head cover 20 to protect the intake valves 17 and exhaust 19 for their lubrication via a 21 lubrication circuit connecting the cylinder head cover 20 to the casing 5.

Une dimension P extérieure du piston 9 est inférieure à une dimension C intérieure du cylindre 7 afin de réduire un maximum de frottements entre le piston 9 et le cylindre 7. Cependant, dans un souci de rendement, le piston 9 est généralement muni, sur une paroi 22 extérieure, de trois segments 23 venant lécher la paroi 11 latérale du cylindre 7 permettant d'accroître l'étanchéité entre le piston 9 et le cylindre 7.An outer dimension P of the piston 9 is smaller than an internal dimension C of the cylinder 7 in order to reduce a maximum of friction between the piston 9 and the cylinder 7. However, for the sake of efficiency, the piston 9 is generally provided, on a outer wall 23 , three segments 23 licking the side wall 11 of the cylinder 7 for increasing the seal between the piston 9 and the cylinder 7 .

Le couvre-culasse 20 est relié au dispositif 4 d'aspiration des gaz issus du carter 5 du moteur 2 à combustion interne. Le dispositif 4 d'aspiration comprend un circuit 24 de dégazage principal relié, en une première extrémité 25, au couvre-culasse 20. Le dispositif 4 d'aspiration comprend également une vanne 26 trois voies reliée à une seconde extrémité 27 du circuit 24 de dégazage principal, à un circuit 28 de dégazage en compression et à un circuit 29 de dégazage en nettoyage. La vanne 26 trois voies comprend une position 30 trois voies, dont le parcours de fluides est représenté sur la figure 3, permettant le passage des fluides dans le circuit 24 de dégazage principal, le circuit 28 dégazage en compression et le circuit 29 de dégazage en nettoyage. La vanne 26 trois voies comprend une position 31 de compression, dont le parcours des fluides est représenté sur la figure 4, permettant le passage des fluides dans le circuit 24 de dégazage principal et le circuit 28 de dégazage en compression. La vanne 26 trois voies comprend également une position 32 de nettoyage, dont le parcours des fluides est représenté sur la figure 5, permettant le passage des fluides dans le circuit 24 de dégazage principal et le circuit 29 de dégazage en nettoyage.The cylinder head cover 20 is connected to the suction device 4 for the gases coming from the casing 5 of the internal combustion engine 2 . The suction device 4 comprises a main degassing circuit 24 connected at a first end 25 to the valve cover 20. The suction device 4 also comprises a three-way valve 26 connected to a second end 27 of the circuit 24 of FIG. main degassing, a compression degassing circuit 28 and a cleaning degassing circuit 29 . The three-way valve 26 comprises a three-way position 30, the fluid path is shown in figure 3 , allowing the passage of fluids in the main degassing circuit 24 , the compression degassing circuit 28 and the cleaning degassing circuit 29 . The three-way valve 26 comprises a compression position 31 , whose fluid path is represented on the figure 4 , allowing the passage of fluids in the main degassing circuit 24 and the compression degassing circuit 28 . The three-way valve 26 also includes a cleaning position 32 , the fluid path of which is shown in FIG. figure 5 , allowing the passage of fluids in the main degassing circuit 24 and the degassing circuit 29 in cleaning.

Sur les figures 3, 4 et 5 est représenté le circuit 3 d'admission d'air relié à la bouche 16 d'admission du moteur 2 à combustion interne, comprenant une entrée 33 d'air extérieur, un compresseur 34 et un papillon 35 placé entre le compresseur 34 et la bouche 16 d'admission du moteur 2. Le papillon 35 peut occuper toutes les positions entre une position 36 ouverte, représentée sur les figures 3 et 4, permettant le passage des fluides entre le compresseur 34 et le moteur 2 à combustion interne, et une position 37 fermée, représentée sur la figure 5, bloquant le passage des fluides entre le compresseur 34 et le moteur 2. Le circuit 28 de dégazage en compression est relié à une entrée 38 du compresseur 34 et le circuit 29 de dégazage en nettoyage est relié à une sortie 39 du compresseur 34. On the figures 3 , 4 and 5 is shown the air intake circuit 3 connected to the intake port 16 of the internal combustion engine 2 , comprising an inlet 33 of outside air, a compressor 34 and a throttle 35 placed between the compressor 34 and the mouth 16 engine inlet 2. the throttle 35 can occupy any position between a position 36 open, shown in figures 3 and 4 , allowing the passage of fluids between the compressor 34 and the internal combustion engine 2 , and a closed position 37 , shown in FIG. figure 5 , blocking the passage of fluids between the compressor 34 and the engine 2. The compression degassing circuit 28 is connected to an inlet 38 of the compressor 34 and the cleaning degassing circuit 29 is connected to an outlet 39 of the compressor 34.

Les positons de la vanne 26 trois voies ainsi que du papillon 35, représentées en grisés sur les figures, illustrent une absence de passage du fluide.The positons of the three-way valve 26 and the butterfly 35, shown in gray in the figures, illustrate a lack of passage of the fluid.

Le circuit 6 d'échappement est relié à la bouche 18 d'échappement du moteur 2 à combustion interne.The exhaust circuit 6 is connected to the exhaust port 18 of the internal combustion engine 2 .

Les positons de la vanne 26 trois voies ainsi que du papillon 35 peuvent être sélectionnées, par exemple, par un moyen mécanique, un moyen électrique ou un moyen hydraulique ou pneumatique. Le compresseur 34 peut être, par exemple, un compresseur mécanique, un compresseur électrique ou un compresseur hydraulique ou pneumatique.The positons of the three-way valve 26 and the throttle valve 35 can be selected, for example, by mechanical means, electrical means or hydraulic or pneumatic means. The compressor 34 may be, for example, a mechanical compressor, an electric compressor or a hydraulic or pneumatic compressor.

Si le moteur 2 à combustion interne est en fonctionnement, les gaz issus du carter 5 sont en surpression dans le carter 5 et le couvre-culasse 20 du moteur 2. Les gaz issus du carter 5 doivent donc être évacués afin de réduire des risques de détérioration du moteur 2. Au moins deux situations différentes peuvent se présenter :

  • lorsque le compresseur 34 n'est pas en fonctionnement, la vanne 26 trois voies se trouve en position 30 trois voies guidant les gaz de carter 5, depuis le couvre-culasse 20 vers la bouche 16 d'admission du moteur 2, via le circuit 24 de dégazage principal, le circuit 29 de dégazage en nettoyage et le papillon 35, comme représenté sur la figure 3 ;
  • lorsque le compresseur 34 est en fonctionnement, la vanne 26 trois voies se trouve en position 31 de compression guidant les gaz de carter 5, depuis le couvre-culasse 20 vers la bouche 16 d'admission du moteur 2, via le circuit 24 de dégazage principal, le circuit 28 de dégazage en compression, le compresseur 34 et le papillon 35, comme représenté sur la figure 4.
If the engine 2 to internal combustion is in operation, the gases from the crankcase 5 are in pressure in the crankcase 5 and the cylinder head cover 20 of the engine 2. The gases from the housing 5 must be evacuated to reduce risk deterioration of the engine 2. At least two different situations may occur:
  • when the compressor 34 is not operating, the valve 26 three-way is in position 30, three-way guiding the crankcase 5, since the cylinder head cover 20 to the mouth 16 of intake of the engine 2 via the circuit 24 , the cleaning degassing circuit 29 and the throttle valve 35, as shown in FIG. figure 3 ;
  • when the compressor 34 is in operation, the three-way valve 26 is in the compression position 31 guiding the crankcase gases 5, from the cylinder head cover 20 to the intake port 16 of the engine 2, via the degassing circuit 24 principle, the compression degassing circuit 28 , the compressor 34 and the throttle valve 35, as shown in FIG. figure 4 .

Si le fonctionnement du moteur 2 à combustion interne est arrêté, le papillon 35 se trouve en position fermé bloquant le passage des fluides entre le compresseur 34 et la bouche 16 d'admission du moteur 2. Les gaz issus du carter 5 ne sont plus en surpression dans le carter 5 et le couvre-culasse 20. Néanmoins, des gaz issus du carter 5 stagnent dans le dispositif 4 d'aspiration risquant de boucher ce dernier en gelant lors de faibles températures extérieures.If the operation of the internal combustion engine 2 is stopped, the throttle valve 35 is in the closed position blocking the passage of fluids between the compressor 34 and the intake port 16 of the engine 2. The gases coming from the crankcase 5 are no longer in position. overpressure in the housing 5 and the cylinder cover 20. Nevertheless, gases from the housing 5 stagnate in the suction device 4 may clog the latter by freezing at low outdoor temperatures.

Pour éviter cela, le compresseur 34 est en fonctionnement et la vanne 26 trois voies se trouve en position 32 de nettoyage guidant les gaz de carter 5, depuis l'entrée 33 d'air extérieur du circuit 3 d'admission d'air vers le couvre-culasse 20 du moteur 2, via le compresseur 34, le circuit 29 de dégazage en nettoyage et le circuit 24 de dégazage principal, comme représenté sur la figure 5.To avoid this, the compressor 34 is in operation and the three-way valve 26 is in the cleaning position 32 guiding the casing gases 5, from the outside air inlet 33 of the air intake circuit 3 to the cylinder cover 20 of the engine 2, via the compressor 34, the cleaning degassing circuit 29 and the main degassing circuit 24 , as shown in FIG. figure 5 .

Les commandes des moyens permettant de sélectionner les positions de la vanne 26 trois voies et du papillon 35 ainsi que de contrôler le fonctionnement du moteur 2 et du compresseur 34 peuvent être réalisées par un calculateur (non représenté) qui analyse les états du moteur 2 pour générer et envoyer des ordres à la vanne 26 trois voies, au papillon 35, au moteur 2 et au compresseur 34. The controls of the means making it possible to select the positions of the three-way valve 26 and the throttle valve 35 as well as to control the operation of the engine 2 and the compressor 34 may be performed by a computer (not shown) which analyzes the conditions of the engine 2 for generating and sending commands to the three-way valve 26 , throttle valve 35, engine 2 and compressor 34.

Selon un mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure 6, le circuit 3 d'admission d'air peut comprendre, seuls ou en combinaison, un filtre 40 à air relié à l'entrée 33 d'air extérieur, un turbocompresseur 41 placé à la sortie du compresseur 34, et un refroidisseur 42 à air placé entre le turbo compresseur 34 et le papillon 35. Le turbocompresseur 41 appartient également au circuit 6 d'échappement où des gaz d'échappement mettent en mouvement le turbocompresseur 41. According to an embodiment shown on the figure 6 , the air intake circuit 3 may comprise, alone or in combination, an air filter 40 connected to the inlet 33 of outside air, a turbocharger 41 placed at the outlet of the compressor 34, and a cooler 42 to air placed between the turbo compressor 34 and the throttle valve 35. The turbocharger 41 also belongs to the exhaust circuit 6 where exhaust gases start the turbocharger 41.

Suivant un mode réalisation non représenté sur les figures, le circuit 24 de dégazage principal du dispositif 4 d'aspiration des gaz issus du carter 5 d'un moteur 2 à combustion interne peut être relié au carter 5 du moteur 2. According to an embodiment not shown in the figures, the main degassing circuit 24 of the device 4 for extracting gases from the casing 5 of an internal combustion engine 2 can be connected to the casing 5 of the engine 2.

Claims (10)

Dispositif (4) d'aspiration des gaz issus d'un carter (5) d'un moteur (2) à combustion interne, ce dispositif (4) étant relié à un circuit (3) d'admission d'air, comprenant un compresseur (34), lui-même relié au moteur (2) à combustion interne, ce dispositif (4) comprenant : - un circuit (24) de dégazage principal relié au moteur (2) à combustion interne ; - un circuit (28) de dégazage en compression relié à une entrée (38) du compresseur (34) ; - un circuit (29) de dégazage en nettoyage relié à une sortie (39) du compresseur (34) ; - un sélecteur (26) relié au circuit (24) de dégazage principal, au circuit (28) de dégazage en compression et au circuit (29) de dégazage en nettoyage, comportant une position (31) de compression permettant le passage de fluides dans le circuit (24) de dégazage principal et le circuit (28) de dégazage en compression et une position (32) de nettoyage pour permettre le passage des fluides dans le circuit (24) de dégazage principal et le circuit (29) de dégazage en nettoyage ; ce dispositif (4) étant caractérisé en ce que le circuit (3) d'admission d'air comprend une vanne (35), disposée entre le compresseur (34) et le moteur (2) à combustion interne, bloquant le lien entre le compresseur (34) et le moteur (2) à combustion interne lorsque le sélecteur (26) est en position (32) de nettoyage pour permettre la purge des gaz issus du carter (5) du circuit (24) de dégazage principal.Device (4) for extracting gases from a casing (5) of an internal combustion engine (2) , this device (4) being connected to an air intake circuit (3) , comprising a compressor (34), itself connected to the internal combustion engine (2) , this device (4) comprising: a main degassing circuit (24) connected to the internal combustion engine (2) ; a compression degassing circuit (28) connected to an inlet (38) of the compressor (34); - a cleaning degassing circuit (29) connected to an outlet (39) of the compressor (34); a selector (26) connected to the main degassing circuit (24) , to the compression degassing circuit (28) and to the cleaning degassing circuit (29) , comprising a compression position (31) allowing the passage of fluids through the main degassing circuit (24) and the compression degassing circuit (28) and a cleaning position (32) for allowing fluids to pass through the main degassing circuit (24) and the degassing circuit (29). cleaning ; this device (4) being characterized in that the air intake circuit (3) comprises a valve (35), arranged between the compressor (34) and the internal combustion engine (2) , blocking the connection between the compressor (34) and the internal combustion engine (2) when the selector (26) is in the cleaning position (32) to allow purging of the gases from the casing (5) of the main degassing circuit (24) . Dispositif (4) d'aspiration des gaz issus du carter (5) du moteur (2) à combustion interne selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le sélecteur (26) comprend une position (30) trois voies permettant le passage des fluides dans le circuit (24) de dégazage principal, le circuit (28) de dégazage en compression et le circuit (29) de dégazage en nettoyage.Device (4) for suctioning gases from the casing (5) of the internal combustion engine (2) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the selector (26) comprises a three-way position (30) allowing the passage of fluids in the main degassing circuit (24) , the compression degassing circuit (28) and the cleaning degassing circuit (29) . Dispositif (4) d'aspiration des gaz issus du carter (5) du moteur (2) à combustion interne selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la sélection de la position du sélecteur (26) est réalisée par un moyen mécanique.Device (4) for extracting gases from the casing (5) of the internal combustion engine (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the selection of the position of the selector (26) is carried out by means mechanical. Dispositif (4) d'aspiration des gaz issus du carter (5) du moteur (2) à combustion interne selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la sélection de la position du sélecteur (26) est réalisée par un moyen électrique.Device (4) for extracting gases from the casing (5) of the internal combustion engine (2) according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterized in that the selection of the position of the selector (26) is carried out by means of a electric way. Dispositif (4) d'aspiration des gaz issus du carter (5) du moteur (2) à combustion interne selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la sélection de la position du sélecteur (26) est réalisée par un moyen hydraulique ou pneumatique.Device (4) for extracting gases from the casing (5) of the internal combustion engine (2) according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterized in that the selection of the position of the selector (26) is carried out by means of a hydraulic or pneumatic means. Dispositif (4) d'aspiration des gaz issus du carter (5) du moteur (2) à combustion interne selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le sélecteur (26) est une vanne trois voies.Device (4) for suctioning gases from the casing (5) of the internal combustion engine (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the selector (26) is a three-way valve. Dispositif (4) d'aspiration des gaz issus du carter (5) du moteur (2) à combustion interne selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le circuit (24) de dégazage principal est relié à un couvre-culasse (20) du moteur (2) à combustion interne.Device (4) for extracting gases from the crankcase (5) of the internal combustion engine (2) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main degassing circuit (24) is connected to a cylinder head cover (24). (20) of the internal combustion engine (2) . Procédé d'aspiration des gaz issus d'un carter (5) mis en oeuvre par un dispositif (4) d'aspiration selon l'une des revendications précédentes, ce procédé comprenant les opérations consistant à : - fournir de l'air au moteur (2) à combustion interne via un circuit (3) d'admission d'air comprenant un compresseur (34) ; - canaliser les gaz issus du carter (5) vers une entrée (38) du compresseur (34) ; ce procédé étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend également les étapes consistant à : - bloquer l'air arrivant au moteur (2) à combustion interne, via la vanne (35) du circuit (3) d'admission d'air, en sortie (39) du compresseur (34) ; - canaliser les gaz issus du carter (5) depuis une sortie (39) du compresseur (34) vers un couvre-culasse (20) ou un carter (5) du moteur (2) à combustion interne. A method of suctioning gases from a casing (5) implemented by a suction device (4) according to one of the preceding claims, said method comprising the following operations: supplying air to the internal combustion engine (2) via an air intake circuit (3) comprising a compressor (34); - channeling the gases from the housing (5) to an inlet (38) of the compressor (34); this method being characterized in that it also comprises the steps of: blocking the air arriving at the internal combustion engine (2) via the valve (35) of the air intake circuit (3) at the outlet (39) of the compressor (34); - Channeling the gases from the housing (5) from an outlet (39) of the compressor (34) to a cylinder head cover (20) or a housing (5) of the engine (2) internal combustion. Calculateur apte à réaliser un procédé d'aspiration des gaz issus d'un carter (5) d'un moteur (2) à combustion interne selon la revendication 8.Calculator adapted to perform a method of suction of gases from a casing (5) of an internal combustion engine (2) according to claim 8. Véhicule (1) automobile équipé d'un calculateur selon la revendication 9.Vehicle (1) automobile equipped with a computer according to claim 9.
EP16152335.2A 2015-02-02 2016-01-22 Device and method for cleaning a circuit for sucking gases from a housing Active EP3056697B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1550779A FR3032225B1 (en) 2015-02-02 2015-02-02 DEVICE AND METHOD FOR CLEANING A GAS SUCTION CIRCUIT FROM A CARTER

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EP3056697B1 EP3056697B1 (en) 2018-05-09

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1327753A1 (en) 2001-12-24 2003-07-16 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Crank case ventilation system
DE102006019634A1 (en) * 2006-04-25 2007-10-31 Mahle International Gmbh Venting device for a supercharged internal combustion engine
EP2505798A1 (en) * 2011-04-01 2012-10-03 Aisan Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Blowby gas returning apparatus for engine with supercharger
EP2549093A2 (en) * 2011-07-19 2013-01-23 MAHLE International GmbH Combustion engine
US20140318514A1 (en) * 2013-04-25 2014-10-30 Ford Global Technologies, Llc System and method for gas purge control

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1327753A1 (en) 2001-12-24 2003-07-16 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Crank case ventilation system
DE102006019634A1 (en) * 2006-04-25 2007-10-31 Mahle International Gmbh Venting device for a supercharged internal combustion engine
EP2505798A1 (en) * 2011-04-01 2012-10-03 Aisan Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Blowby gas returning apparatus for engine with supercharger
EP2549093A2 (en) * 2011-07-19 2013-01-23 MAHLE International GmbH Combustion engine
US20140318514A1 (en) * 2013-04-25 2014-10-30 Ford Global Technologies, Llc System and method for gas purge control

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FR3032225B1 (en) 2017-02-10
EP3056697B1 (en) 2018-05-09

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