EP3054240A1 - Appareil destiné à alimenter en fluide réfrigéré - Google Patents

Appareil destiné à alimenter en fluide réfrigéré Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3054240A1
EP3054240A1 EP15153912.9A EP15153912A EP3054240A1 EP 3054240 A1 EP3054240 A1 EP 3054240A1 EP 15153912 A EP15153912 A EP 15153912A EP 3054240 A1 EP3054240 A1 EP 3054240A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluid
valve
compressor
refrigerant fluid
condenser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15153912.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Valerio Giordano Riello
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aermec SpA
Original Assignee
Aermec SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aermec SpA filed Critical Aermec SpA
Priority to EP15153912.9A priority Critical patent/EP3054240A1/fr
Publication of EP3054240A1 publication Critical patent/EP3054240A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/37—Capillary tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/385—Dispositions with two or more expansion means arranged in parallel on a refrigerant line leading to the same evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2341/00—Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F25B2341/06—Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F25B2341/062—Capillary expansion valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2341/00—Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F25B2341/06—Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F25B2341/068—Expansion valves combined with a sensor
    • F25B2341/0683—Expansion valves combined with a sensor the sensor is disposed in the suction line and influenced by the temperature or the pressure of the suction gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F25B2400/0411—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the expansion valve or capillary tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2501—Bypass valves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of supplying refrigerated fluid for controlling the temperature of food liquids, for example chillers for controlling the temperature of wine must during winemaking.
  • An apparatus for supplying refrigerated fluid such as a chiller, is a machine that removes heat from a fluid via a vapour-compression. This refrigerated fluid produced by the chiller can then be circulated through a heat exchanger to cool water, air or equipment as required. In general, refrigeration creates waste heat that must be exhausted to ambient or recovered for heating purposes.
  • Chillers comprise a refrigeration compressor which is essentially a pump for refrigerant gas.
  • the capacity of the compressor, and hence the chiller cooling capacity can be measured in kilowatts input (kW).
  • the mechanism for compressing refrigerant gas differs between compressors, depending on the application. Examples of compressors that can be employed for a refrigeration apparatus are rotary compressors, scroll compressors and screw compressors.
  • a chiller also comprises a condenser which can be air cooled, water cooled, or evaporative.
  • the condenser is a heat exchanger which allows heat to migrate from the refrigerant gas to either water or air.
  • Air cooled condenser are manufactured from copper tubes (for the refrigerant flow) and aluminium fins (for the air flow). Each condenser has a different material cost and they vary in terms of efficiency.
  • a chiller also comprises an expansion device or refrigerant metering device (e.g., expansion valve) configured to restrict the flow of the refrigerant fluid causing a pressure drop that vaporizes some of the refrigerant. The vaporization absorbs heat from nearby liquid refrigerant, cooling down the refrigerant liquid.
  • expansion device or refrigerant metering device e.g., expansion valve
  • the expansion device is located immediately prior to an evaporator so that the cold gas in the evaporator can absorb heat from the water flowing through the evaporator.
  • the evaporator is a heat exchanger which allows the heat energy to migrate from the water stream into the refrigerant gas. During the state change of the remaining liquid to gas, the refrigerant can absorb large amounts of heat without changing temperature.
  • the expansion device is designed to function in a specific range of temperatures based on the chiller cooling capacity, and the compressor power.
  • the power of the compressor allows the cooling of a fluid, such as water, in a range of temperature comprised between -4°C and +4°C.
  • a fluid such as water
  • every component of the chiller e.g., expansion valve
  • a refrigerated fluid e.g., water
  • the chiller would not be able to cool water at higher temperatures (i.e., higher power of the compressor), such as 7°C, without relevant loss of efficiency.
  • the expansion valve would be overheated and the values of evaporation of the refrigerant fluid would be too low because the valve is designed to work with lower values of compressor power.
  • the chillers known from the state of the art cannot be employed in applications (e.g., during winemaking) that require a wide range of temperatures (e.g., -8°C ⁇ T ⁇ +12°C) of the cool water produced by the evaporator.
  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for supplying refrigerated fluid for controlling temperature of a food liquid according to claim 1.
  • Figure 1 shows an apparatus 1 for supplying refrigerated fluid for controlling the temperature of a food liquid.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises a compressor 2 configured for compressing a refrigerant fluid (i.e., to increase the pressure of the refrigerant fluid), and a condenser 3 in fluid communication with the compressor 2.
  • the condenser 3 is configured for condensing the refrigerant fluid compressed by the compressor 2, to cool down the refrigerant fluid.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises an expansion valve 4 in fluid communication with the condenser 3.
  • the expansion valve 4 is configured for expanding the refrigerant fluid (i.e., decrease of pressure of the refrigerant fluid) condensed by the condenser 3.
  • the apparatus 1 further comprises an evaporator 5 including an inlet pipe IN and an outlet pipe OUT.
  • the inlet pipe IN is in fluid communication with the outlet pipe OUT.
  • the evaporator 5 is connected with the expansion valve 4 to allow the refrigerant fluid expanded by the expansion valve 4 to cool a fluid entering through the inlet pipe IN, for delivering a refrigerated fluid to the outlet pipe OUT.
  • the "warm” fluid is water, or air, entering through the inlet pipe IN of the evaporator 5, in order to be refrigerated by the refrigerant fluid flowing through the evaporator 5.
  • the evaporator 5 delivers the "cold” fluid (e.g., water or air) to the outlet pipe OUT.
  • a heat exchanger 13 is connected to the inlet pipe IN and the outlet pipe OUT, for example, for cooling the food liquid (e.g., wine must during winemaking) stored in a tank ( figure 2 ).
  • the heat exchanger 13 is operatively coupled with a heat pump equipment to supply refrigerated fluid (e.g., water) to the heat exchanger for cooling the food liquid stored in the tank.
  • a heat exchanger 13 is connected to the inlet pipe IN and to the outlet pipe OUT, and employs a refrigerated fluid, such as air, for cooling a room.
  • the evaporator 5 is connected with the compressor 2 to supply refrigerant fluid to the compressor 2.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises a branch 6 connected in parallel to the expansion valve 4.
  • the branch 6 comprises a valve 7 in fluid communication with said condenser 3, and a capillary tube 8 in fluid communication with the valve 7.
  • the valve 7 is configured to be set in an open configuration and in a closed configuration.
  • the open configuration allows the flow of refrigerant fluid through the capillary tube 8, in order to put the evaporator 5 in fluid communication with the capillary tube 8.
  • the closed configuration prevents the flow of refrigerant fluid through the capillary tube 8.
  • the valve 7 comprises a solenoid valve.
  • the compressor 2 is one chosen from a rotary compressor or a scroll compressor or a screw compressor.
  • the expansion valve 4 comprises a thermostatic valve.
  • the expansion valve 4 is a thermostatic valve designed for delivering refrigerated water to the outlet pipe OUT at a temperature ranging from -8°C to +4°C.
  • the valve 7 when the valve 7 is set in the closed configuration, the lamination of the refrigerant fluid occurs only through the expansion valve 4 (e.g., thermostatic valve).
  • the lamination of the refrigerant fluid occurs both through the expansion valve 4 and through the capillary tube 8.
  • the temperature of the refrigerated water to be delivered on the outlet pipe OUT can be higher than the temperature obtained through the expansion valve 4 itself, for example from +4°C to +7°C.
  • the lamination effect provided by the expansion valve 4 would not be sufficient to refrigerate water at temperatures above +4°C because the expansion valve 4 is designed to work with lower temperatures (i.e., lower power of the compressor 2).
  • an apparatus 1 comprising a branch 6 including a valve 7 and a capillary tube 8 can deliver refrigerated water to the outlet pipe OUT in a wide temperature range (e.g., +4°C ⁇ T ⁇ +12°C).
  • the diameter of the capillary tube 8 ranges from 1 mm to 6mm.
  • the capillary tube 8 can be replaced by a calibrated orifice or by an expansion valve, in order to obtain the lamination of the refrigerant fluid.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises a four-way valve 9 connected with the compressor 2 and with the condenser 3, in order to put said compressor 2 in fluid communication with said condenser 3.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises a liquid separator 10 connected with the four-way valve 9 and with the compressor 2.
  • the liquid separator 10 is configured to separate the liquid portion of refrigerant fluid (e.g., drops of refrigerant fluid) from the gas portion of the refrigerant fluid.
  • the liquid separator 10 allows only the gas portion of the refrigerant fluid to reach the compressor 2.
  • the four-way valve 9 is connected with the evaporator 5 and with the liquid separator 10, in order to put the evaporator 5 in fluid communication with the liquid separator 10.
  • the condenser 3 comprises a finned pack heat exchanger 31 and a fan 32 configured for cooling the refrigerant fluid flowing through the finned pack heat exchanger 31.
  • the apparatus 1 is configured to deliver a refrigerated fluid when operating a refrigeration cycle as described above ( figures 1 and 2 ).
  • the refrigerant fluid flows firstly through the compressor 2, secondly through the condenser 3, thirdly through the expansion valve 4 and through the branch 6 when the valve 7 is in the open configuration, and then through the evaporator 5.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises a command and control unit 11 to allow a user to set said valve 7 in the open configuration and in the closed configuration.
  • a user can choose the temperature of the refrigerated fluid to be delivered on the output pipe OUT setting the valve 7 in the closed configuration (e.g., lower temperature, -8°C ⁇ T ⁇ +4°C) and in the open configuration (e.g., higher temperature, +4°C ⁇ T ⁇ +12°C).
  • the command and control unit 11 is configured to operate electromechanical relays in order to set the valve 7 In the open configuration and in the closed configuration.
  • a user can close the electromechanical relay to set the valve 7 in the closed configuration (e.g., - 8°C ⁇ T ⁇ -5°C), and open the electromechanical relay to set the valve 7 in the open configuration (e.g., +7°C ⁇ T ⁇ +12°C).
  • the apparatus 1 comprises at least one sensor 12 configured for detecting a physical quantity in order to provide a corresponding output signal.
  • the command and control unit 11 is in signal communication with at least one sensor 12 to receive and process the output signal, in order to monitor the apparatus 1.
  • the senor 12 comprises a pressure probe to detect a physical quantity in order to provide a corresponding output signal representative of the pressure of the refrigerant fluid inside the apparatus 1 (e.g., inside a pipe).
  • the command and control unit 11 is connected with the compressor 2 to control the operation of the compressor 2 and the pressure of the refrigerant fluid inside the apparatus 1 in a specific position.
  • a sensor 12 can be located in the duct that connects the compressor 2 to the four-way valve 9 (as shown in figure 1 ).
  • the apparatus 1 is configured for delivering "warm" fluid on the output pipe (OUT) when the refrigeration cycle is inverted (i.e., when the flow of refrigerant fluid is inverted inside the pipes of the apparatus 1).
  • the apparatus 1 comprises a first non-return valve 14 connected with the expansion vale 4, and with the evaporator 5.
  • the first non-return valve is configured to allow the flow of refrigerant fluid only from the expansion valve 4 to the evaporator 5. In other words, when the refrigeration cycle is inverted to produce warm fluid, the refrigerant fluid cannot flow through the expansion valve 4 and through the branch 6.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises a second branch 15 parallel to the series composed by the expansion valve 4 and the first non-return valve 14.
  • the second branch 15 comprises a second non-return valve 16 connected with the condenser 3 and with an orifice 17.
  • the second non-return valve 16 is configured to allow the flow of refrigerant fluid only from the orifice 17 to the evaporator 5.
  • the orifice 17 is configured to laminate the refrigerant fluid when the refrigeration cycle is inverted (i.e., when the apparatus is set to produce warm fluid).
  • the second branch 15 also comprises an hydration filter 18 (e.g., calibrated filter) in fluid communication with the orifice 17, and configured to laminate the refrigerant fluid.
  • an hydration filter 18 e.g., calibrated filter
  • the apparatus further comprises a reservoir 19 for refrigerant fluid accumulation.
  • the four-way valve 9 is configured to change configuration to allow the inversion of the refrigeration cycle to produce warm fluid (e.g., warm water with a temperature ranging from 35°C to 60°C).
  • warm fluid e.g., warm water with a temperature ranging from 35°C to 60°C.
  • the refrigerant fluid can flow through the second branch 15: firstly through the reservoir 19, secondly through the hydration filter 18, thirdly through the orifice 17, and then through the second non-return valve 16 ( figure 3 ).
  • the refrigerant fluid flows firstly through the condenser 3, secondly through the compressor 2 and then through the evaporator 5.
  • the four-way valve 9 directs the flow of refrigerant fluid firstly through the liquid separator 10, and then through the compressor 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
EP15153912.9A 2015-02-05 2015-02-05 Appareil destiné à alimenter en fluide réfrigéré Withdrawn EP3054240A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15153912.9A EP3054240A1 (fr) 2015-02-05 2015-02-05 Appareil destiné à alimenter en fluide réfrigéré

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15153912.9A EP3054240A1 (fr) 2015-02-05 2015-02-05 Appareil destiné à alimenter en fluide réfrigéré

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3054240A1 true EP3054240A1 (fr) 2016-08-10

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EP15153912.9A Withdrawn EP3054240A1 (fr) 2015-02-05 2015-02-05 Appareil destiné à alimenter en fluide réfrigéré

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114935233A (zh) * 2022-07-25 2022-08-23 北京中科富海低温科技有限公司 一种冷库制冷***

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1438462A (zh) * 2003-03-27 2003-08-27 上海交通大学 热力膨胀阀与毛细管并联的节流机构
EP1462740A2 (fr) * 2003-03-24 2004-09-29 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Réfrigérateur
US20060162377A1 (en) * 2005-01-24 2006-07-27 Collings Douglas A Expansion device arrangement for vapor compression system
US20070151267A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-05 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Variable-capacity air conditioner
WO2008036079A2 (fr) * 2006-09-18 2008-03-27 Carrier Corporation Système réfrigérant avec dérivation de dispositif d'expansion

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1462740A2 (fr) * 2003-03-24 2004-09-29 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Réfrigérateur
CN1438462A (zh) * 2003-03-27 2003-08-27 上海交通大学 热力膨胀阀与毛细管并联的节流机构
US20060162377A1 (en) * 2005-01-24 2006-07-27 Collings Douglas A Expansion device arrangement for vapor compression system
US20070151267A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2007-07-05 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Variable-capacity air conditioner
WO2008036079A2 (fr) * 2006-09-18 2008-03-27 Carrier Corporation Système réfrigérant avec dérivation de dispositif d'expansion

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114935233A (zh) * 2022-07-25 2022-08-23 北京中科富海低温科技有限公司 一种冷库制冷***

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