EP3045605B1 - Module for producing concrete elements - Google Patents

Module for producing concrete elements Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3045605B1
EP3045605B1 EP15405004.1A EP15405004A EP3045605B1 EP 3045605 B1 EP3045605 B1 EP 3045605B1 EP 15405004 A EP15405004 A EP 15405004A EP 3045605 B1 EP3045605 B1 EP 3045605B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
displacement
longitudinal
module
grid
displacement body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15405004.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3045605A1 (en
Inventor
Georg Miedzik
Hugo Meier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heinze Gruppe Verwaltungs GmbH
Original Assignee
Heinze Gruppe Verwaltungs GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to EP15405004.1A priority Critical patent/EP3045605B1/en
Application filed by Heinze Gruppe Verwaltungs GmbH filed Critical Heinze Gruppe Verwaltungs GmbH
Priority to ES15405004T priority patent/ES2760511T3/en
Priority to HUE15405004A priority patent/HUE046473T2/en
Priority to RS20191558A priority patent/RS59635B1/en
Priority to PT154050041T priority patent/PT3045605T/en
Priority to SI201531014T priority patent/SI3045605T1/en
Priority to DK15405004T priority patent/DK3045605T3/en
Priority to PL15405004T priority patent/PL3045605T3/en
Priority to CA2971518A priority patent/CA2971518C/en
Priority to PCT/EP2016/050611 priority patent/WO2016113326A1/en
Priority to RU2017128001A priority patent/RU2700353C2/en
Priority to ES16700593T priority patent/ES2758361T3/en
Priority to US15/543,370 priority patent/US10196819B2/en
Priority to MEP-2019-335A priority patent/ME03554B/en
Priority to CN201680006008.6A priority patent/CN107567526B/en
Priority to AU2016208057A priority patent/AU2016208057B2/en
Priority to PL16700593T priority patent/PL3245346T3/en
Priority to PT167005933T priority patent/PT3245346T/en
Priority to HUE16700593A priority patent/HUE046447T2/en
Priority to SI201630523T priority patent/SI3245346T1/en
Priority to RS20191515A priority patent/RS59610B1/en
Priority to EP16700593.3A priority patent/EP3245346B1/en
Priority to DK16700593T priority patent/DK3245346T3/en
Publication of EP3045605A1 publication Critical patent/EP3045605A1/en
Priority to CL2017001804A priority patent/CL2017001804A1/en
Priority to GT201700159A priority patent/GT201700159A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3045605B1 publication Critical patent/EP3045605B1/en
Priority to HRP20192116TT priority patent/HRP20192116T1/en
Priority to CY20191101253T priority patent/CY1122622T1/en
Priority to HRP20192158TT priority patent/HRP20192158T1/en
Priority to CY20191101272T priority patent/CY1122536T1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
    • E04C5/0604—Prismatic or cylindrical reinforcement cages composed of longitudinal bars and open or closed stirrup rods
    • E04C5/0622—Open cages, e.g. connecting stirrup baskets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E04B5/326—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with hollow filling elements
    • E04B5/328—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with hollow filling elements the filling elements being spherical
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B9/04—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation comprising slabs, panels, sheets or the like
    • E04B9/0457—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation comprising slabs, panels, sheets or the like having closed internal cavities
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/16—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups
    • E04C5/20—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups of material other than metal or with only additional metal parts, e.g. concrete or plastics spacers with metal binding wires
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
    • E04C5/0636—Three-dimensional reinforcing mats composed of reinforcing elements laying in two or more parallel planes and connected by separate reinforcing parts
    • E04C5/064—Three-dimensional reinforcing mats composed of reinforcing elements laying in two or more parallel planes and connected by separate reinforcing parts the reinforcing elements in each plane being formed by, or forming a, mat of longitunal and transverse bars

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a module for the production of concrete parts, both in-situ concrete method (in situ) and in the precast plant, comprising at least one row of a plurality of longitudinally juxtaposed displacement bodies, which are arranged captive in a three-dimensional latticework of rods.
  • displacement body modules which are cast in concrete layers or concrete parts in order to make them lighter and at the same time less expensive, are basically known from the prior art.
  • the displacement bodies are typically used in lattice baskets, which at the same time make the concrete element to be manufactured more load-bearing.
  • the bars of the grid baskets usually made of steel, in particular of reinforcing steel.
  • Such a module is for example off EP 2075387 A1 known, which has an elongated, trough-like and in cross-section U- or trapezoidal mesh basket, which consists of four longitudinally extending longitudinal bars and perpendicularly thereto, substantially U-shaped or trapezoidal crossbars.
  • the longitudinal bars and cross bars are connected to each other and together form the grid body receiving the displacement bodies.
  • the crossbars are in this case arranged on the longitudinal bars, that each two adjacent crossbars together with the longitudinal bars define a receiving space for each one displacement body.
  • the receiving space is designed such that it surrounds or fixes the displacement body in such a way that the displacement body can be substantially prevented from slipping or slipping within the receiving space.
  • the mesh basket can basically extend over almost any size.
  • the displacement bodies can each be temporary Widening of the two leg sides of the U-shaped or trapezoidal, elastic grid basket in cross-section over the open, in the subsequent installed state downwardly facing base side are introduced into the respective receiving spaces.
  • a concrete part such as a concrete floor
  • one or more of these modules are next to each other on Arm michsparn, positioned on a reinforcing mat, which in turn are arranged over a casing.
  • On the modules typically further reinforcing beams are arranged and the entire construct then poured with concrete.
  • the pouring can also be carried out step by step or in layers during the construction of the overall structure of reinforcing beams and modules.
  • the assembly of the EP 2075387 A1 known module is typically on the site, in particular, the grid body are usually already supplied as precast to the site.
  • the prefabricated, trough-like grid baskets can in principle be stacked in one another. Due to their voluminous shape, however, the mesh baskets require a lot of transport capacity despite the stackability.
  • the preliminary step of in-mold bending makes the U-resp. trapezoidal cross bar and the subsequent joining, in particular welding, the cross bar with the longitudinal bars the production of such baskets very expensive.
  • the US 2013/0212974 discloses a manufacturing method for concrete parts in which a vacuum is used to remove air from the concrete.
  • inclusion bodies are poured from plastic.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide an improved module for the production of concrete parts, wherein the lattice For a simple and inexpensive to produce and on the other hand under stress as low as possible transport capacity and beyond transportable with little logistical effort.
  • the essence of the invention is to replace the voluminous and costly to be produced grid baskets by a latticework, which consists only of at least two individual, preferably flat gratings, which correspond to the two leg sides of the known from the prior art grid baskets and in a simple manner the entirety of the displacement bodies arranged side by side in at least one row can be connected in such a way that all displacement bodies are captively held together in a captive manner by the two laterally flanking lattices in a substantially clasping manner.
  • the lattice work is formed from at least two individual, longitudinally extending grids, the grid surfaces are aligned transversely to the horizontal and each at least a first and a second longitudinal bar, which are spaced parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction, and have a plurality of spaced apart and transverse to the horizontal transverse bars, which are respectively connected to the longitudinal bars, in particular welded, are.
  • the grid For attaching the grid to the displacement body, it is according to a first inventive solution for at least einreihige modules provided that at least one of the displacement body in the one row on its outer side for each grid in each case at least one first and at least one second holding device, which are formed and arranged to each other, that in each case both grids by receiving the first longitudinal bar in the first Holding device and receiving the second longitudinal bar in the second holding device are fixed at least positively and captively between the first and second holding means and thereby hold together all the displacement body.
  • the grid is fixed to the at least one first and second longitudinal bar on at least one displacement body, while the other displacement body in the series only by the two lattice of the at least one first and second longitudinal bar and the plurality of transverse bars substantially clip-like are held together, but not necessarily connected to these rods via a holding device.
  • a plurality of displacement body in particular every second displacement body, preferably all displacement body in the row for at least one of the grid, preferably for both grids, each having at least a first and a second holding device for receiving the corresponding first and second longitudinal bar.
  • the latticework is now formed from only two individual lattices, on the one hand the claimed transport capacities and the logistical expenditure for the delivery of the latticework or its components from the supplier or producer to the construction site becomes clear reduced, which increases the overall modularity.
  • individual grids in particular if they are substantially flat, can be stacked significantly less space and therefore much more efficient transport.
  • the individual grids, in particular if they are formed substantially flat can be produced with significantly lower labor and cost.
  • the at least two individual gratings are therefore preferably substantially flat and have straight longitudinal bars and straight transverse bars.
  • a further disadvantage of the pre-fabricated mesh baskets known from the prior art is that they do not permit a multi-layered arrangement of modules, each consisting of a single row enclosed in a cage displacement body. Decisive for this is that a construction of several stacked, filled with displacement bodies grid baskets does not have in the vertical direction continuous cross bars, which adversely affects the statics of the reinforcement and therefore usually does not meet the required civil engineering requirements.
  • the inventive idea namely to replace the lattice baskets by a latticework, which consists only of at least two individual, preferably flat lattices, in contrast allows in a simple manner to expand the two lattices in the vertical direction over a plurality of stacked rows of displacement bodies arranged side by side.
  • the core idea according to the invention can also be used for the realization of a multi-row module which comprises a plurality of superimposed rows of several juxtaposed in a horizontal longitudinal displacement bodies and can be used in particular for the production of thicker concrete parts.
  • the latticework is likewise formed of at least two individual, longitudinal lattices whose lattice surfaces are oriented transversely to the horizontal, each of the lattices in turn comprising at least a first and a second longitudinal bar, the spaced parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction, and a plurality of spaced apart and aligned transversely to the horizontal transverse bars, which are respectively connected to the longitudinal bars, in particular welded, are.
  • the combination of the totality of all displacement body with the two gratings it is provided that at least one of the displacement body in the bottom row on its outsides for each grid at least one first holding means and at least one of the displacement body in the top row has on its outer side in each case at least one second holding device.
  • the first and second holding devices are designed and arranged relative to one another such that in each case both grids are respectively fixed by receiving the first longitudinal bar in the first holding device and receiving the second longitudinal bar in the second holding device at least positively and captively between the first and second holding means and thereby hold all the displacement bodies together.
  • the two Grid simple and inexpensive to produce and also transportable under the stress of low transport capacities or with little logistical effort are the two Grid simple and inexpensive to produce and also transportable under the stress of low transport capacities or with little logistical effort.
  • the at least two individual grids are in turn substantially flat and have straight longitudinal bars and straight transverse bars.
  • the connection of the grid to the entirety of the displacement body for multi-row modules according to claim 3 differs from the inventive solution according to claim 1, characterized in that in the latter at least one displacement body for each grid each having both a first holding means and a second holding means to each grid at least form-locking and captive to a single displacement body set, while all other displacement body are kept substantially by the two lattices.
  • the grid is fixed between two displacement bodies in the uppermost and in the lower row, while the remaining displacement bodies are merely held together by the grid structure.
  • the module according to claim 3 it can be provided in the sense of increased cohesion of the composite that several, in particular every second, preferably all displacement body in the bottom row at least one first holding device for the first longitudinal bar at least one of the grid, preferably all Grid, exhibit.
  • a plurality, in particular every second, preferably all displacement bodies in the uppermost row each have at least one second holding device for the second longitudinal bar of at least one of the lattices, preferably all lattices.
  • at least one displacement body with a first or second holding device for at least one of the grids may be provided in at least one further row.
  • the grid preferably has a further first or second longitudinal bar.
  • a displacement body in the module according to claim 3 in at least one of the rows also such a displacement body is used which - as in the module according to claim 1 - both a first and a second holding means for at least one of the grid or both grids. If, in a module according to claim 3, such a displacement body is used with at least one first and second holding device for at least one of the lattices in a row, then the corresponding lattice for this row may preferably comprise a first and second or optionally an additional first or second longitudinal bar respectively.
  • each of the displacement body at least a first and a second holding device for each of both grids.
  • Such a displacement body is advantageously usable universally both for single-row and for multi-row modules.
  • first and second longitudinal bar refers to the determination of the corresponding longitudinal bar to be received in a first or second holding device.
  • first and second holding device basically refers to the fact that at least two complementary or cooperating holding devices are provided for fixing a grid, between which the grid is fixed at least positively and captively.
  • the cooperating first and second retaining means are disposed on a single displacement body, whereas a multi-row module, the cooperating first and second holding devices may each be arranged on different displacement bodies in different rows, preferably the lowest and highest rows.
  • each first holding device can also cooperate in addition with one or more other second holding devices arranged either on the same displacement body or on another displacement body of the same or another series are. The same applies vice versa for the second holding devices.
  • At least one displacement body in each case a plurality of aligned longitudinally juxtaposed first holding devices and / or each more, in Longitudinally aligned juxtaposed second holding means, in which the respective first and second longitudinal bar is accommodated simultaneously.
  • the respective rod is fixed to at least two holding devices in the sense of a multipoint fixing to a single displacement body.
  • the one or more displacers may each comprise a plurality of first and / or more second holding means have, which are arranged offset from each other transversely to the longitudinal direction.
  • the first or between the plurality of second holding devices may in particular be oriented exclusively perpendicular to the longitudinal direction or additionally also have a component in the longitudinal direction.
  • the plurality of mutually offset transversely to the longitudinal direction of the first and second holding means may differ in particular in the nature of their training or be formed similar.
  • At least one of the first and / or second holding devices is designed as a latching device, preferably as a latching hook, latching recess, latching groove, latching notch or latching clamp.
  • the respectively cooperating first and second holding devices are formed and arranged complementary to one another such that the grid fixed between them is connected captively to the entirety of the displacement body only due to the interaction of the first and second holding means, the grid between the at least one first and second holding means by the introduction of the respective first and second longitudinal bar, under temporary elastic deformation of the latching grooves or notches formed and mutually immovably arranged first and second holding means, is clamped.
  • the individual displacement bodies are supported against each other in such a way that, as a composite, they can absorb the counterforce caused by the gripping of the grid so that the assembled module of displacement bodies and grids is held together in a stable overall manner.
  • supporting elements in particular supporting rings, which act as centering rings, be arranged.
  • a single longitudinal bar accommodated in the respective holding device or a grid accommodated only in the first or second holding device alone need not necessarily be fixed in a captive manner.
  • the at least one first and / or second holding device but also such as latching devices, formed so that a single rod is already set captive by the inclusion in the respective holding device.
  • the corresponding holding device may be formed approximately as a detent clip or clip-like latching device.
  • At least one of the first and / or second holding means may comprise a longitudinally extending groove or notch-like depression, into which a corresponding longitudinal bar may optionally be introduced under temporary elastic deformation.
  • the groove or notch-like depression on a curved, in particular circular segment-shaped cross-sectional profile line which is preferably adapted to the radius of the longitudinal bars.
  • the assembly of the module can be substantially simplified.
  • the at least one or more first holding devices can be designed as longitudinal grooves or notches with a circular segment-shaped profile, into which the first longitudinal bar is first inserted, in the simplest case inserted.
  • the first holding device (s) can simultaneously serve as a pivot bearing for the grid, so that the grid with its second longitudinal bar subsequently by a simple pivoting movement about the longitudinal axis of the in the first holding device (s ) received first longitudinal bar in the second (s) holding device (s) can be introduced.
  • the holding means in particular the groove or notch-like depression, may be formed in a web extension on the outer surface of the displacement body, which preferably extends transversely to the longitudinal direction.
  • a web extension can act as a reinforcing rib for a displacement body designed as a closed hollow body.
  • the web extensions can be used to comply with the technically required cover values (layer thickness of the concrete between reinforcing members and displacers arranged thereon or below), in that the web extension serves to increase the distance between the displacer and the longitudinal rod to which the reinforcing members typically rest directly.
  • the one or more first holding devices on the underside and / or the one or more second holding devices are arranged on the upper side of the displacement body.
  • the displacement body are formed substantially as oblate Rotationsellipsoide with flattened upper and lower sides, which can be produced in particular flat concrete parts.
  • the at least one second holding device for the one grid and the at least one second holding device for the other grid are arranged relative to one another such that the distance between the respective second longitudinal bars received therein is at most 75 mm, in particular at most 60 mm, preferably at most 50 mm.
  • the module can be walked on when producing a concrete part on the two upper, second longitudinal bars of the two grids without the risk of a person having his foot between the longitudinal bars passes directly through the displacement body.
  • displacement bodies designed as fragile hollow bodies are included in the latticework so as to be safe when the weight of a person standing on the module is primarily diverted downwards via the latticework.
  • the at least one first holding device for the one grid and the at least one first holding device for the other grid, in multi-row modules in particular in the bottom row, are arranged to each other such that the distance between the respective first longitudinal bars received therein is at least 75 mm, at least 150 mm, preferably 185 mm.
  • At least one of the first and / or second holding devices are formed integrally with the corresponding displacement body.
  • at least one of the displacement body preferably all displacement body, with respect to a vertical plane parallel to the longitudinal direction and / or be mirror-symmetrical with respect to a horizontal plane.
  • the hollow body is formed according to the invention as a closed hollow body.
  • the displacement body consist of two half-body elements, in particular two half-shell elements.
  • the half-piece or half-shell design ensures that the half-shells are stackable into one another or one another in a space-saving manner, so that only a smaller transport volume is obtained, whereby transport capacities can be better utilized and significant costs can be saved.
  • the half-body elements or half-shell elements can be identical, so that no other kind of complementary element is required for producing a displacement body from this element, but in turn only exactly the same. This not only excludes confusion, but also the possibility that a different number of complementary elements can be delivered to a construction site. The latter can lead in particular to considerable loss of time and thus to additional costs, if the elements by sea over long distances such. B. from Europe to Asia.
  • the displacement body made of plastic and / or are formed as a plastic injection-molded part.
  • each displacement body is arranged in the longitudinal direction between two transverse bars, which abut in particular on the displacement body, preferably such that the transverse rods, the displacement body against displacement along the longitudinal direction and to the side back up.
  • two pairs of transverse bars together with the at least one first and second longitudinal bar define a receiving space for a displacement body or column which encloses the displacement body or bodies in such a way as to substantially prevent slippage within the receiving space can be.
  • the cross bars also prevent accidentally solves the connection between the two half-shell elements in a composite of two half-shells displacement body.
  • the displacement body consists, for example, of two half-shell elements which are joined together by sliding the two half-shell elements parallel to the common contact plane
  • a displacement body is preferably arranged in the module such that the effective direction of the sliding closure is aligned parallel to the longitudinal direction of the module, so that accidental opening of the sliding closure is prevented by the transverse bars.
  • the longitudinal bars and / or the transverse bars preferably consist of steel, in particular reinforcing steel.
  • all longitudinal bars and / or the cross bars have the same diameter.
  • the Fig. 1 to 4 show a possible embodiment of a single-row module 1a for producing a concrete part.
  • the module 1a comprises a row 2 of a plurality of displacement bodies 100 arranged side by side in a horizontal longitudinal direction L which are captively held in a latticework of two individual lattices 10, 20 running in the longitudinal direction L whose lattice surfaces are oriented transversely to the horizontal.
  • each of the lattice 10, 20 at least a first and a second longitudinal bar 11, 12 and 21, 22 which are parallel spaced from each other in the longitudinal direction L, and a plurality of spaced apart and transversely to the horizontal aligned transverse bars 13, 23, respectively with the longitudinal bars 11, 12 and 21, 22 connected, preferably welded, are.
  • the longitudinal bars 11, 12, and 21, 22 and transverse bars 13, 23 are preferably made of reinforcing steel and have the same diameter. If in the present embodiment of the inventive single-row module 1a according to Fig. 1 for reasons of clarity, only two displacement bodies 100 are shown in total, this illustration is also representative of modules with more than two displacement bodies in a row. In that regard, therefore, the module 1a in the longitudinal direction L can be extended. Typically, the modules may have an extent of up to about 250 cm in the longitudinal direction L and may comprise a total of about fourteen juxtaposed displacers 100.
  • All displacement body 100 have on their outer side in each case for both grids 10 and 20 at least one first holding device 311 or 321 and at least one second Holding device 412 or 422, which are formed and arranged to each other, that in each case both grids 10 and 20 by receiving the first longitudinal bar 11 and 21 in the first holding means 311 and 321 and receiving the second longitudinal bar 12 and 22 in the second holding device 412 or 422 are fixed at least positively and captively between the first and second holding means 311, 312 and 412, 422 and thereby hold together all the displacement body 100 in total.
  • the first holding devices 311, 321 for the first longitudinal bars 11, 21 of the first and second grids 10, 20 are arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L on the underside of the displacement body at a distance D1, which is about 185 mm in the present embodiment. This ensures that the module 1a has a secure footing on the typically arranged underneath (not shown here) reinforcing members on which the first. Longitudinal bars 11, 12 in the production of concrete parts usually rest directly.
  • the respective second holding means 412, 422 for the second longitudinal bar 12, 22 arranged on the upper side of the displacement body 100 at a distance D2, which is significantly smaller than the distance D1 on the bottom and in the present embodiment, only about 50 mm is.
  • a distance D2 of this order of magnitude ensures that the module 1a can be safely walked on when producing a concrete part on the two upper, second longitudinal bars 12, 22 of the two grilles 10, 20, without the risk of a person having his foot between the two longitudinal bars 12, 22 passes directly through the displacement body 100 and this could damage it.
  • Seen in the longitudinal direction L - as in Fig. 2 shown - are the grid surfaces of the two grids 10, 20 therefore each opposite to the vertical below an angle ⁇ of about 15 ° inclined.
  • Each displacement body 100 has two first holding means 311 and 321 for each of the longitudinal bars 11 and 21 of the first and second grid 10, 20, which are arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction L and in which the respective longitudinal bar 11, 21 is accommodated simultaneously ,
  • the depth of the grooves or notch-like depressions and the height of the web extensions are chosen so that structurally required cover values (layer thickness of the concrete between reinforcing members and displacement bodies arranged thereon or below) can be maintained.
  • the second holding devices 412, 422 used on the upper side of the displacement body 100 are formed in the present embodiment substantially as latching hooks, which are also aligned transversely to the longitudinal direction L, in the present case perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L. For each of the longitudinal bars 12, 22 there is at least one second holding device 412, 422 formed as a latching hook on the upper side.
  • Fig. 2 an advantageous method for producing or assembling a module 1a is illustrated.
  • the two grids 10, 20 are first placed parallel to the longitudinal direction L at a distance D1 flat next to each other on a flat surface. Then the displacement body 100 in the longitudinal direction L side by side on the grids 10, 20 arranged such that the grooves or notch-like Vertiefengen the first holding means 311 and 321 engage with the first longitudinal bars 11 and 21, respectively.
  • the two grids 10 and 20 are folded around the longitudinal axis of the respective first longitudinal bars 11 and 21 upwards until the respective second longitudinal bars 12 and 22 in the second holding devices 412 and 422 designed as latching hooks, such as transient elastic Deformation of the latching hook, engage.
  • the groove or notch-like depression of the first holding means 311, 321 has a circular segment-shaped cross-sectional profile line, which is preferably adapted to the radius of the longitudinal bars 11, 21, so that the grooves or notch-like depressions advantageously as a pivot bearing for the respective first longitudinal bars 11, 12 serve.
  • the interaction of the reception of the respective first longitudinal bars 11, 21 with the first holding devices 311, 321 and the respective second longitudinal bars 12, 22 with the second holding devices 412, 422 results in the two grids 10, 20 being in each case connected individually to the displacement bodies 100 are fixed positively and captively and thus hold the whole of all displacement body together.
  • two transverse bar pairs 13 and 23 and the respective first and second longitudinal bars 11, 12 and 21, 22 respectively define a receiving space for a respective displacement body 100 which surrounds the displacement body 100 to such effect or fixes that a flopping or slipping of the displacement body can be substantially avoided within the receiving space.
  • the displacement body 100 in the present embodiment all identical and with respect to a plane parallel to the horizontal (except for the wells on the top and bottom) mirror-symmetrical design. Therefore, the displacement body on both the bottom and on the top of several holding devices, which are arranged inter alia offset transversely to the longitudinal direction L.
  • the first holding means 311 and 321 described above on the underside of the displacement body 100 are identical to the other second holding means 312 and 322 on its upper side.
  • the above-described second holding means 412 and 422 on the upper side of the displacement body 100 are identical to the two further holding means 411 and 421 on its underside.
  • the further first and further second holding devices 411, 421 or 312, 322 can be used to define the respective grid, wherein the distance between the two longitudinal bars of a grid must be adjusted.
  • This achieves in an advantageous manner that the respective grid 10, 20 in different Positions across the horizontal to the displacement bodies 100 can be set.
  • the two grids 10, 20 with their respective first longitudinal bars 11, 21 respectively in the first holding means 311 and 321 on the underside of the displacement body 100 and with their respective second longitudinal bars 12, 22 at the other second holding means 312 and 322 at the Top of the displacement body 100 are determined.
  • the two grid surfaces are aligned parallel to the vertical or perpendicular to the horizontal.
  • the displacement body 100 are formed in the present embodiment according to the invention as a hollow body, which are composed of two identical half-shell elements made of plastic, which are space-saving in one another or stackable. In addition, no other kind of complementary element is required for producing a displacement body from these elements. All displacement body 100 are formed substantially as oblate Rotationsellipsoide with flattened upper and lower sides, which can be produced in particular flat concrete parts. In addition, all holding devices are formed integrally with the displacement bodies or the half-shell elements, for example as a singular injection molded part.
  • Fig. 5 shows a possible embodiment of an inventive multi-row module 1b, which is used in particular for the production of thicker concrete parts.
  • the module 1b comprises a plurality of superimposed rows 2, 3 of a plurality in a horizontal longitudinal direction L juxtaposed displacement bodies 100, which are identical to the displacement bodies 100 in the Fig. 1 to 4 are.
  • the displacement body 100 are also captive in a latticework of two individual, running in the longitudinal direction L. Grids 10, 20 held, the grid surfaces are aligned transversely to the horizontal.
  • Grids 10, 20 held, the grid surfaces are aligned transversely to the horizontal.
  • Each of the grids 10, 20 has at least a first and a second longitudinal bar 11, 12 and 21, 22 which extend parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction L, as well as a plurality of spaced and transversely oriented to the horizontal cross bars 13, 23, each with the longitudinal bars 11, 12 and 21, 22 connected, in particular welded, are.
  • the first longitudinal bars 11, 21 of the two grids 10, 20 are - in analogy to the single-row module 1a - each received in first holding devices 311, 321 on the underside of the displacement body 100 in the bottom row 2, while the second longitudinal bars 12, 22 respectively in the second Holding means 312, 322 are received at the top of the displacement body 100 in the uppermost row 3. This is already sufficient in order to fix both grids 10, 20 at least positively and captively between the first holding devices 311 and 321 and the second holding devices 312 and 322, thereby already holding together all the displacement bodies 100 as a composite between the two grids 10, 20 are.
  • the two grids 10, 20 each additionally have a further first longitudinal bar 11.1 or 21.1 and a further second longitudinal bar 12.1 or 22.1, which are respectively received in the further first holding devices 311.1 and 321.1 on the underside of the displacement body 100 of the upper row 3 and in the other second holding means 412.1 and 422.1 on the upper side of the displacement body 100 of the lower row 2.
  • each displacement body in each case in a first holding device, for example on its underside, and in a second holding device, for example on its upper side, with a corresponding first or second longitudinal bar of one of the grids interacts.
  • the multi-row module can advantageously be assembled analogously to the single-row module by folding down the grids.

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Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Modul zur Herstellung von Betonteilen, sowohl im Ortbeton Verfahren (insitu) als auch im Fertigteilwerk, das wenigstens eine Reihe einer Vielzahl von in einer Längsrichtung nebeneinander angeordneten Verdrängungskörpern umfasst, die unverlierbar in einem dreidimensionalen Gitterwerk aus Stäben angeordnet sind.The invention relates to a module for the production of concrete parts, both in-situ concrete method (in situ) and in the precast plant, comprising at least one row of a plurality of longitudinally juxtaposed displacement bodies, which are arranged captive in a three-dimensional latticework of rods.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind derartige Verdrängungskörper-Module, die in Betonschichten bzw. Betonteilen eingegossen werden, um diese leichter und gleichzeitig kostengünstiger zu gestalten, grundsätzlich bekannt. Zur Modulherstellung werden die Verdrängungskörper typischer Weise in Gitterkörbe eingesetzt, welche das zu fertigende Betonelement zugleich tragfähiger machen. Hierzu bestehen die Stäbe der Gitterkörbe in der Regel aus Stahl, insbesondere aus Bewehrungsstahl.Such displacement body modules, which are cast in concrete layers or concrete parts in order to make them lighter and at the same time less expensive, are basically known from the prior art. For module production, the displacement bodies are typically used in lattice baskets, which at the same time make the concrete element to be manufactured more load-bearing. For this purpose, the bars of the grid baskets usually made of steel, in particular of reinforcing steel.

Ein derartiges Modul ist beispielsweise aus EP 2075387 A1 bekannt, das einen länglichen, wannenartigen und im Querschnitt U- oder trapezförmigen Gitterkorb aufweist, der aus vier in Längsrichtung verlaufenden Längsstäben und sowie dazu senkrecht angeordneten, im Wesentlichen U- oder trapezförmigen Querstabbügeln besteht. Die Längsstäbe und Querstabbügel sind miteinander verbunden und bilden gemeinsam das die Verdrängungskörper aufnehmende Gitterwerk. Die Querstabbügel sind dabei so an den Längsstäben angeordnet, dass jeweils zwei benachbarte Querstabbügel zusammen mit den Längsstäben einen Aufnahmeraum für je einen Verdrängungskörper definieren. Der Aufnahmeraum ist so ausgebildet, dass er den Verdrängungskörper dahingehend umschliesst bzw. fixiert, dass ein Auftreiben bzw. Verrutschen des Verdrängungskörpers innerhalb des Aufnahmeraums im Wesentlichen vermieden werden kann. Der Gitterkorb kann sich grundsätzlich über eine nahezu beliebige Größe erstrecken. Die Verdrängungskörper können jeweils durch vorübergehendes Aufweiten der beiden Schenkelseiten des im Querschnitt U- oder trapezförmigen, elastischen Gitterkorbs über dessen offene, im späteren Einbauzustand nach unten weisende Grundseite in die jeweiligen Aufnahmeräume eingebracht werden.Such a module is for example off EP 2075387 A1 known, which has an elongated, trough-like and in cross-section U- or trapezoidal mesh basket, which consists of four longitudinally extending longitudinal bars and perpendicularly thereto, substantially U-shaped or trapezoidal crossbars. The longitudinal bars and cross bars are connected to each other and together form the grid body receiving the displacement bodies. The crossbars are in this case arranged on the longitudinal bars, that each two adjacent crossbars together with the longitudinal bars define a receiving space for each one displacement body. The receiving space is designed such that it surrounds or fixes the displacement body in such a way that the displacement body can be substantially prevented from slipping or slipping within the receiving space. The mesh basket can basically extend over almost any size. The displacement bodies can each be temporary Widening of the two leg sides of the U-shaped or trapezoidal, elastic grid basket in cross-section over the open, in the subsequent installed state downwardly facing base side are introduced into the respective receiving spaces.

Zur Herstellung eines Betonteils, etwa einer Betondecke, werden zunächst eine oder mehrere dieser Module nebeneinander auf Armierungsträgern, etwa auf einer Armierungsmatte, positioniert, die wiederum über einer Verschalung angeordnet sind. Auf den Modulen werden typischer Weise noch weitere Armierungsträger angeordnet und das Gesamtkonstrukt sodann mit Beton ausgegossen. Das Ausgiessen kann auch schritt- bzw. schichtweise während des Aufbaus der Gesamtkonstruktion aus Armierungsträgern und Modulen erfolgen.To produce a concrete part, such as a concrete floor, one or more of these modules are next to each other on Armierungsträgern, positioned on a reinforcing mat, which in turn are arranged over a casing. On the modules typically further reinforcing beams are arranged and the entire construct then poured with concrete. The pouring can also be carried out step by step or in layers during the construction of the overall structure of reinforcing beams and modules.

Der Zusammenbau der aus EP 2075387 A1 bekannten Module erfolgt typischer Weise auf der Baustelle, wobei insbesondere die Gitterkörper in der Regel bereits als Fertigteile auf die Baustelle geliefert werden. Zwar lassen sich die vorgefertigten, wannenartigen Gitterkörbe prinzipiell ineinander stapeln. Aufgrund ihrer voluminösen Form beanspruchen die Gitterkörbe jedoch trotz der Stapelbarkeit sehr viel Transportkapazität. Zudem macht der vorausgehende Schritt des In-Form-Biegens der U-bzw. trapezförmigen Querstabbügel und das anschliessende Verbinden, insbesondere Verschweissen, der Querstabbügel mit den Längsstäben die Herstellung solcher Gitterkörbe sehr aufwendig.The assembly of the EP 2075387 A1 known module is typically on the site, in particular, the grid body are usually already supplied as precast to the site. Although the prefabricated, trough-like grid baskets can in principle be stacked in one another. Due to their voluminous shape, however, the mesh baskets require a lot of transport capacity despite the stackability. In addition, the preliminary step of in-mold bending makes the U-resp. trapezoidal cross bar and the subsequent joining, in particular welding, the cross bar with the longitudinal bars the production of such baskets very expensive.

Die US 2013/0212974 offenbart ein Herstellungsverfahren für Betonteile, bei dem ein Vakuum zum Entfernen von Luft aus dem Beton eingesetzt wird. In das Betonteil werden Einschlusskörper aus Kunststoff eingegossen.The US 2013/0212974 discloses a manufacturing method for concrete parts in which a vacuum is used to remove air from the concrete. In the concrete part inclusion bodies are poured from plastic.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, ein verbessertes Modul für die Herstellung von Betonteilen anzugeben, bei dem das Gitterwerk zum einen einfach und kostengünstig herstellbar und zum anderen unter Beanspruchung möglichst geringer Transportkapazitäten und darüber hinaus mit geringem logistischem Aufwand transportierbar ist.The object of the invention is therefore to provide an improved module for the production of concrete parts, wherein the lattice For a simple and inexpensive to produce and on the other hand under stress as low as possible transport capacity and beyond transportable with little logistical effort.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Modul mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 und ein Modul mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 3 gelöst, sowie ein Betonteil nach Anspruch 14. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This object is achieved by a module having the features of claim 1 and a module having the features of claim 3, and a concrete part according to claim 14. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Der Kern der Erfindung besteht darin, die voluminösen und aufwendig herzustellenden Gitterkörbe durch ein Gitterwerk zu ersetzen, das lediglich aus wenigstens zwei einzelnen, vorzugsweise flachen Gittern besteht, die den beiden Schenkelseiten der aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Gitterkörbe entsprechen und die in einfacher Weise mit der Gesamtheit der in wenigstens einer Reihe nebeneinander eingeordneten Verdrängungskörpern derart verbindbar sind, dass sämtliche Verdrängungskörper unverlierbar von den beiden seitlich flankierenden Gittern als Verbund im Wesentlichen umklammernd zusammengehalten werden.The essence of the invention is to replace the voluminous and costly to be produced grid baskets by a latticework, which consists only of at least two individual, preferably flat gratings, which correspond to the two leg sides of the known from the prior art grid baskets and in a simple manner the entirety of the displacement bodies arranged side by side in at least one row can be connected in such a way that all displacement bodies are captively held together in a captive manner by the two laterally flanking lattices in a substantially clasping manner.

Gemäss der Erfindung ist es hierzu vorgesehen, dass das Gitterwerk aus wenigstens zwei einzelnen, in Längsrichtung verlaufenden Gittern gebildet ist, deren Gitterflächen quer zur Horizontalen ausgerichtet sind und die jeweils wenigstens einen ersten und einen zweiten Längsstab, die parallel voneinander beabstandet in Längsrichtung verlaufen, sowie mehrere voneinander beabstandete und quer zur Horizontalen ausgerichtete Querstäbe aufweisen, die jeweils mit den Längsstäben verbunden, insbesondere verschweisst, sind.According to the invention, it is provided for this purpose that the lattice work is formed from at least two individual, longitudinally extending grids, the grid surfaces are aligned transversely to the horizontal and each at least a first and a second longitudinal bar, which are spaced parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction, and have a plurality of spaced apart and transverse to the horizontal transverse bars, which are respectively connected to the longitudinal bars, in particular welded, are.

Zum Anbinden der Gitter an Verdrängungskörper ist es gemäss einer ersten erfindungsgemässen Lösung für zumindest einreihige Module vorgesehen, dass wenigstens einer der Verdrängungskörper in der einen Reihe an seiner Aussenseite für jedes Gitter jeweils wenigstens eine erste und wenigstens eine zweite Halteeinrichtung aufweist, die derart ausgebildet und zueinander angeordnet sind, dass jeweils beide Gitter durch Aufnahme des ersten Längsstabes in der ersten Halteeinrichtung und Aufnahme des zweiten Längsstabes in der zweiten Halteeinrichtung zumindest formschlüssig und unverlierbar zwischen der ersten und zweiten Halteeinrichtung festgelegt sind und dadurch alle Verdrängungskörper zusammenhalten. Insoweit reicht es aus, dass das Gitter mit dem wenigstens einen ersten und zweiten Längsstab an wenigstens einem Verdrängungskörper festgelegt ist, während die anderen Verdrängungskörper in der Reihe lediglich durch die beiden Gitter von dem wenigstens einen ersten und zweiten Längsstab und den mehreren Querstäben im Wesentlichen klammerartig zusammengehalten sind, nicht notwendiger Weise aber mit diesen Stäben über eine Halteeinrichtung verbunden sind.For attaching the grid to the displacement body, it is according to a first inventive solution for at least einreihige modules provided that at least one of the displacement body in the one row on its outer side for each grid in each case at least one first and at least one second holding device, which are formed and arranged to each other, that in each case both grids by receiving the first longitudinal bar in the first Holding device and receiving the second longitudinal bar in the second holding device are fixed at least positively and captively between the first and second holding means and thereby hold together all the displacement body. In that regard, it is sufficient that the grid is fixed to the at least one first and second longitudinal bar on at least one displacement body, while the other displacement body in the series only by the two lattice of the at least one first and second longitudinal bar and the plurality of transverse bars substantially clip-like are held together, but not necessarily connected to these rods via a holding device.

Um die Stabilität des Verbunds aus den beiden Gittern und der Gesamtheit der nebeneinander angeordneten Verdrängungskörper zu steigern, ist es nach einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass mehrere Verdrängungskörper, insbesondere jeder zweite Verdrängungskörper, bevorzugt alle Verdrängungskörper in der Reihe für wenigstens eines der Gitter, vorzugsweise für beide Gitter, jeweils wenigstens eine erste und eine zweite Halteeinrichtung zur Aufnahme des entsprechenden ersten bzw. zweiten Längsstabes aufweisen.In order to increase the stability of the composite of the two gratings and the entirety of the juxtaposed displacement body, it is provided according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention that a plurality of displacement body, in particular every second displacement body, preferably all displacement body in the row for at least one of the grid, preferably for both grids, each having at least a first and a second holding device for receiving the corresponding first and second longitudinal bar.

Da gemäss der Erfindung das Gitterwerk nunmehr aus lediglich zwei einzelnen Gittern gebildet ist, werden zum einen die beanspruchten Transportkapazitäten und der logistische Aufwand zur Anlieferung des Gitterwerks bzw. seiner Komponenten vom Zulieferer bzw. Produzenten auf die Baustelle deutlich reduziert, wodurch sich insgesamt die Modularität erhöht. Denn einzelne Gitter, insbesondere wenn sie im Wesentlichen flach ausgebildet sind, lassen sich deutlich platzsparender stapeln und daher wesentlich effizienter transportieren. Zum anderen lassen sich die einzelnen Gitter, insbesondere wenn diese im Wesentlichen flach ausgebildet sind, mit deutlich geringerem Arbeits- und Kostenaufwand herstellen. Die wenigstens zwei einzelnen Gitter sind daher bevorzugt im Wesentlichen flach ausgebildet und weisen gerade Längsstäbe und gerade Querstäbe auf.Since, according to the invention, the latticework is now formed from only two individual lattices, on the one hand the claimed transport capacities and the logistical expenditure for the delivery of the latticework or its components from the supplier or producer to the construction site becomes clear reduced, which increases the overall modularity. Because individual grids, in particular if they are substantially flat, can be stacked significantly less space and therefore much more efficient transport. On the other hand, the individual grids, in particular if they are formed substantially flat, can be produced with significantly lower labor and cost. The at least two individual gratings are therefore preferably substantially flat and have straight longitudinal bars and straight transverse bars.

Ein weiterer Nachteil der aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten vorgefertigten Gitterkörbe besteht darin, dass sie keine mehrlagige Anordnung von Modulen erlauben, die jeweils aus einer einzelnen Reihe in einem Korb eingeschlossener Verdrängungskörper bestehen. Massgebend hierfür ist, dass eine Konstruktion aus mehreren übereinander gestapelten, mit Verdrängungskörpern gefüllten Gitterkörben keine in vertikaler Richtung durchgehenden Querstäbe aufweist, was sich nachteilig auf die Statik der Bewehrung auswirkt und daher zumeist nicht den geforderten bautechnischen Auflagen entspricht. Der erfindungsgemässe Kerngedanke, nämlich die Gitterkörbe durch ein Gitterwerk zu ersetzen, das lediglich aus wenigstens zwei einzelnen, vorzugsweise flachen Gittern besteht, erlaubt es dahingegen in einfacher Weise, die beiden Gitter in vertikaler Richtung über mehrere übereinander gestapelte Reihen von nebeneinander angeordneten Verdrängungskörpern auszudehnen. Damit lässt sich der erfindungsgemässe Kerngedanke auch zur Realisierung eines mehrreihigen Moduls heranziehen, das mehrere übereinander angeordnete Reihen aus mehreren in einer horizontalen Längsrichtung nebeneinander angeordneten Verdrängungskörpern umfasst und insbesondere zur Herstellung von dickeren Betonteilen genutzt werden kann.A further disadvantage of the pre-fabricated mesh baskets known from the prior art is that they do not permit a multi-layered arrangement of modules, each consisting of a single row enclosed in a cage displacement body. Decisive for this is that a construction of several stacked, filled with displacement bodies grid baskets does not have in the vertical direction continuous cross bars, which adversely affects the statics of the reinforcement and therefore usually does not meet the required civil engineering requirements. The inventive idea, namely to replace the lattice baskets by a latticework, which consists only of at least two individual, preferably flat lattices, in contrast allows in a simple manner to expand the two lattices in the vertical direction over a plurality of stacked rows of displacement bodies arranged side by side. Thus, the core idea according to the invention can also be used for the realization of a multi-row module which comprises a plurality of superimposed rows of several juxtaposed in a horizontal longitudinal displacement bodies and can be used in particular for the production of thicker concrete parts.

Daher besteht eine erfindungsgemässe Lösung für mehrreihige Module gemäss Anspruch 3 darin, dass das Gitterwerk ebenfalls aus wenigstens zwei einzelnen, in Längsrichtung verlaufenden Gittern gebildet ist, deren Gitterflächen quer zur Horizontalen ausgerichtet sind, wobei jedes der Gitter wiederum wenigstens einen ersten und einen zweiten Längsstab, die parallel voneinander beabstandet in Längsrichtung verlaufen, sowie mehrere voneinander beabstandete und quer zur Horizontalen ausgerichtete Querstäbe aufweist, die jeweils mit den Längsstäben verbunden, insbesondere verschweisst, sind. Um gemäss dieser Lösung den Verbund der Gesamtheit aller Verdrängungskörper mit den beiden Gittern zu erreichen, ist es vorgesehen, dass wenigstens einer der Verdrängungskörper in der untersten Reihe an seiner Ausseiten für jedes Gitter jeweils wenigstens eine erste Halteeinrichtung und wenigstens einer der Verdrängungskörper in der obersten Reihe an seiner Aussenseite jeweils wenigstens eine zweite Halteeinrichtung aufweist. Dabei sind die ersten und zweiten Halteeinrichtungen derart ausgebildet und zueinander angeordnet, dass jeweils beide Gitter jeweils durch Aufnahme des ersten Längsstabes in der ersten Halteeinrichtung und Aufnahme des zweiten Längsstabes in der zweiten Halteeinrichtung zumindest formschlüssig und unverlierbar zwischen der ersten und zweiten Halteeinrichtung festgelegt sind und dadurch alle Verdrängungskörper zusammenhalten. Insoweit reicht es ebenfalls aus, dass die anderen Verdrängungskörper in der obersten und untersten Reihe sowie die Verdrängungskörper etwaiger weiterer Reihen, die nicht unmittelbar über eine Halteeinrichtung mit den Längsstäben des Gitters verbunden sind, durch die beiden Gitter von den wenigstens einen ersten und zweiten Längsstäben und den mehreren Querstäben lediglich zusammengehalten sind.Therefore, a solution according to the invention for multi-row modules according to claim 3 is that the latticework is likewise formed of at least two individual, longitudinal lattices whose lattice surfaces are oriented transversely to the horizontal, each of the lattices in turn comprising at least a first and a second longitudinal bar, the spaced parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction, and a plurality of spaced apart and aligned transversely to the horizontal transverse bars, which are respectively connected to the longitudinal bars, in particular welded, are. In order to achieve according to this solution, the combination of the totality of all displacement body with the two gratings, it is provided that at least one of the displacement body in the bottom row on its outsides for each grid at least one first holding means and at least one of the displacement body in the top row has on its outer side in each case at least one second holding device. In this case, the first and second holding devices are designed and arranged relative to one another such that in each case both grids are respectively fixed by receiving the first longitudinal bar in the first holding device and receiving the second longitudinal bar in the second holding device at least positively and captively between the first and second holding means and thereby hold all the displacement bodies together. In that regard, it is also sufficient that the other displacement body in the top and bottom row and the displacement of any other rows that are not directly connected via a holding device with the longitudinal bars of the grid, through the two lattice of the at least one first and second longitudinal bars and the several transverse bars are merely held together.

Auch bei der Lösung für mehrreihige Module sind die beiden Gitter einfach und kostengünstig herstellbar und zudem unter Beanspruchung geringer Transportkapazitäten bzw. mit geringem logistischem Aufwand transportierbar. Bevorzugt sind die wenigstens zwei einzelnen Gitter wiederum im Wesentlichen flach ausgebildet und weisen gerade Längsstäbe und gerade Querstäbe auf. Die Anbindung der Gitter an die Gesamtheit der Verdrängungskörper für mehrreihige Module nach Anspruch 3 unterscheidet sich von der erfindungsgemässen Lösung nach Anspruch 1 dadurch, dass bei letzterer mindestens ein Verdrängungskörper für jedes Gitter jeweils sowohl eine erste Halteeinrichtung als auch eine zweite Halteeinrichtung aufweist, um jedes Gitter zumindest formschlüssig und unverlierbar an einem einzigen Verdrängungskörper festzulegen, während alle übrigen Verdrängungskörper im Wesentlichen von den beiden Gittern mitgehalten werden. Demgegenüber kann es bei mehrreihigen Modulen für einen stabilen und verliersicheren Verbund ausreichen, wenn das Gitter zwischen zwei Verdrängungskörpern in der obersten und in der untersten Reihe festgelegt ist, während die übrigen Verdrängungskörper lediglich von der Gitterstruktur zusammengehalten werden.Also in the solution for multi-row modules are the two Grid simple and inexpensive to produce and also transportable under the stress of low transport capacities or with little logistical effort. Preferably, the at least two individual grids are in turn substantially flat and have straight longitudinal bars and straight transverse bars. The connection of the grid to the entirety of the displacement body for multi-row modules according to claim 3 differs from the inventive solution according to claim 1, characterized in that in the latter at least one displacement body for each grid each having both a first holding means and a second holding means to each grid at least form-locking and captive to a single displacement body set, while all other displacement body are kept substantially by the two lattices. On the other hand, in the case of multi-row modules for a stable and captive bond, it may be sufficient if the grid is fixed between two displacement bodies in the uppermost and in the lower row, while the remaining displacement bodies are merely held together by the grid structure.

Gemäss einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Moduls nach Anspruch 3 kann es im Sinne eines gesteigerten Zusammenhalts des Verbunds vorgesehen sein, dass mehrere, insbesondere jeder zweite, vorzugsweise alle Verdrängungskörper in der untersten Reihe wenigstens eine erste Halteeinrichtung für den ersten Längsstab wenigstens eines der Gitter, vorzugsweise aller Gitter, aufweisen. Alternativ oder zusätzlich können mehrere, insbesondere jeder zweite, vorzugsweise alle Verdrängungskörper in der obersten Reihe jeweils wenigstens eine zweite Halteeinrichtung für den zweiten Längsstab wenigstens eines der Gitter, vorzugsweise aller Gitter, aufweisen. Selbstverständlich kann bei einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform des Moduls nach Anspruch 3 auch in wenigstens einer weiteren Reihe wenigstens ein Verdrängungskörper mit einer ersten oder zweiten Halteeinrichtung für wenigstens eines der Gitter vorgesehen sein. Hierzu weist das Gitter vorzugsweise einen weiteren ersten oder zweiten Längsstab auf. Gemäß der Erfindung wird bei dem Modul nach Anspruch 3 in wenigstens einer der Reihen auch ein solcher Verdrängungskörper verwendet, die - wie bei dem Modul nach Anspruch 1 - sowohl eine erste als auch eine zweite Halteeinrichtung für wenigstens eines der Gitter oder beide Gitter aufweisen. Wird bei einem Modul nach Anspruch 3 ein solcher Verdrängungskörper mit wenigstens einer ersten und zweiten Halteeinrichtung für wenigstens eines der Gitter in einer Reihe verwendet, so kann das entsprechende Gitter für diese Reihe vorzugsweise einen ersten und zweiten bzw. ggf. einen zusätzlichen ersten oder zweiten Längsstab aufweisen.According to an advantageous embodiment of the module according to claim 3, it can be provided in the sense of increased cohesion of the composite that several, in particular every second, preferably all displacement body in the bottom row at least one first holding device for the first longitudinal bar at least one of the grid, preferably all Grid, exhibit. Alternatively or additionally, a plurality, in particular every second, preferably all displacement bodies in the uppermost row each have at least one second holding device for the second longitudinal bar of at least one of the lattices, preferably all lattices. Of course, in a further advantageous embodiment of the module according to claim 3 also at least one displacement body with a first or second holding device for at least one of the grids may be provided in at least one further row. For this purpose, the grid preferably has a further first or second longitudinal bar. According to the invention, in the module according to claim 3 in at least one of the rows also such a displacement body is used which - as in the module according to claim 1 - both a first and a second holding means for at least one of the grid or both grids. If, in a module according to claim 3, such a displacement body is used with at least one first and second holding device for at least one of the lattices in a row, then the corresponding lattice for this row may preferably comprise a first and second or optionally an additional first or second longitudinal bar respectively.

Gemäss einer besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist jeder der Verdrängungskörper wenigstens eine erste und eine zweite Halteeinrichtung für jeweils beide Gitter auf. Ein solcher Verdrängungskörper ist in vorteilhafter Weise universell sowohl für einreihige als auch für mehrreihige Module verwendbar.According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, each of the displacement body at least a first and a second holding device for each of both grids. Such a displacement body is advantageously usable universally both for single-row and for multi-row modules.

Die Bezeichnung "erster" und "zweiter" Längsstab bezieht sich auf die Bestimmung des entsprechenden Längsstabes, in einer ersten bzw. zweiten Halteeinrichtung aufgenommen zu werden. Die Bezeichnung "erste" und "zweite" Halteeinrichtung wiederum bezieht sich grundsätzlich darauf, dass zum Festlegen eines Gitters grundsätzlich wenigstens zwei einander ergänzende bzw. zusammenwirkende Halteeinrichtungen vorgesehen sind, zwischen denen das Gitter zumindest formschlüssig und unverlierbar festgelegt ist. Bei einem einreihigen Modul sind die zusammenwirkenden ersten und zweiten Halteeinrichtungen an einem einzigen Verdrängungskörper angeordnet, wohingegen bei einem mehrreihigen Modul die zusammenwirkenden ersten und zweiten Halteeinrichtungen jeweils an unterschiedlichen Verdrängungskörpern in unterschiedlichen Reihen, vorzugsweise der untersten und obersten Reihe, angeordnet sein können. Unabhängig von der Anzahl der Reihen, d.h. sowohl bei einreihigen als auch bei zweireihigen Modulen, kann aber grundsätzlich jede erste Halteeinrichtung auch zusätzlich mit einer oder mehreren weiteren zweiten Halteeinrichtungen zusammenwirken, die entweder am selben Verdrängungskörper oder an einem anderen Verdrängungskörper derselben oder einer anderen Reihe angeordnet sind. Das Gleiche gilt umgekehrt für die zweiten Halteeinrichtungen.The term "first" and "second" longitudinal bar refers to the determination of the corresponding longitudinal bar to be received in a first or second holding device. The term "first" and "second" holding device, in turn, basically refers to the fact that at least two complementary or cooperating holding devices are provided for fixing a grid, between which the grid is fixed at least positively and captively. In a single row module, the cooperating first and second retaining means are disposed on a single displacement body, whereas a multi-row module, the cooperating first and second holding devices may each be arranged on different displacement bodies in different rows, preferably the lowest and highest rows. Regardless of the number of rows, ie both single-row and double-row modules, but basically each first holding device can also cooperate in addition with one or more other second holding devices arranged either on the same displacement body or on another displacement body of the same or another series are. The same applies vice versa for the second holding devices.

Um die Stabilität des Verbunds zwischen der Gesamtheit aller Verdrängungskörper und den Gittern noch weiter zu erhöhen, kann es nach einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgesehen sein, dass wenigstens ein Verdrängungskörper jeweils mehrere, in Längsrichtung fluchtend nebeneinander angeordnete erste Halteeinrichtungen und/oder jeweils mehrere, in Längsrichtung fluchtend nebeneinander angeordnete zweite Halteeinrichtungen aufweist, in denen der jeweilige erste bzw. zweite Längsstab gleichzeitig aufgenommen ist. Damit ist der jeweilige Stab an wenigstens zwei Halteeinrichtungen im Sinne einer Mehrpunktfixierung an einem einzigen Verdrängungskörper festgelegt.In order to increase the stability of the bond between the entirety of all displacement body and the grids even further, it may be provided according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention that at least one displacement body in each case a plurality of aligned longitudinally juxtaposed first holding devices and / or each more, in Longitudinally aligned juxtaposed second holding means, in which the respective first and second longitudinal bar is accommodated simultaneously. Thus, the respective rod is fixed to at least two holding devices in the sense of a multipoint fixing to a single displacement body.

Zum wahlweisen Festlegen wenigstens eines der Gitter in verschiedenen Positionen quer zur Horizontalen, in denen die Gitterfläche gegenüber der Vertikalen unter einen Winkel zwischen 0° und kleiner 90° angeordnet ist, kann der eine oder die mehreren Verdrängungskörper jeweils mehrere erste und/oder mehrere zweite Halteeinrichtungen aufweisen, die quer zur Längsrichtung zueinander versetzt angeordnet sind. Die quer zur Längsrichtung versetzte Anordnung zwischen den mehreren ersten oder zwischen den mehreren zweiten Halteeinrichtungen kann insbesondere ausschliesslich senkrecht zur Längsrichtung ausgerichtet sein oder zusätzlich auch eine Komponente in Längsrichtung aufweisen. Die mehreren zueinander quer zur Längsrichtung versetzt angeordneten ersten bzw. zweiten Halteeinrichtungen können sich insbesondere in der Art ihrer Ausbildung unterscheiden oder gleichartig ausgebildet sein.For selectively fixing at least one of the grids in different positions across the horizontal, in which the grating surface is disposed at an angle between 0 ° and less than 90 ° relative to the vertical, the one or more displacers may each comprise a plurality of first and / or more second holding means have, which are arranged offset from each other transversely to the longitudinal direction. The transverse to the longitudinal direction offset arrangement between the plurality The first or between the plurality of second holding devices may in particular be oriented exclusively perpendicular to the longitudinal direction or additionally also have a component in the longitudinal direction. The plurality of mutually offset transversely to the longitudinal direction of the first and second holding means may differ in particular in the nature of their training or be formed similar.

Nach der Erfindung ist wenigstens eine der ersten und/oder zweiten Halteeinrichtungen als Rasteinrichtung, vorzugsweise als Rasthaken, Rastvertiefung, Rastnut, Rastkerbe oder Rastklemme, ausgebildet. Gemäß der Erfindung sind die jeweils zusammenwirkenden ersten und zweiten Halteeinrichtungen derart komplementär zueinander ausgebildet und angeordnet, dass das zwischen ihnen festgelegte Gitter nur aufgrund der Zusammenwirkung der ersten und zweiten Halteeinrichtung verliersicher an der Gesamtheit der Verdrängungskörper angebunden ist, wobei das Gitter zwischen der wenigstens einen ersten und zweiten Halteeinrichtung durch das Einbringen des jeweiligen ersten und zweiten Längsstabes, unter vorübergehender elastischer Verformung der als Rastnuten oder Rastkerben ausgebildeten und zueinander unbeweglich angeordneten ersten und zweiten Halteeinrichtung, eingespannt ist. Bei mehrreihigen Modulen sind die einzelnen Verdrängungskörper hierzu derart gegeneinander abgestützt, dass sie als Verbund die durch die Einspannung des Gitters bedingte Gegenkraft aufnehmen können, so dass das zusammengesetzte Modul aus Verdrängungskörpern und Gittern gesamthaft stabil zusammengehalten ist. Bei mehrreihigen Modulen können zudem in Sinne einer Verstärkung des Verbunds zwischen benachbarten Reihen, insbesondere zwischen je zwei übereinander angeordneten Verdrängungskörpern benachbarter Reihen, Stützelemente, insbesondere Stützringe, die wie Zentrierringe wirken, angeordneten sein. Ein einzelner in der jeweiligen Halteeinrichtung aufgenommener Längsstab bzw. ein lediglich allein in der ersten oder zweiten Halteeinrichtung aufgenommenes Gitter muss nicht notwendiger Weise verliersicher festgelegt sein. Selbstverständlich sind die wenigstens eine erste und/oder zweite Halteeinrichtung aber auch derart, als Rasteinrichtungen, ausgebildet, dass ein einzelner Stab bereits durch die Aufnahme in der jeweiligen Halteeinrichtung verliersicher festgelegt ist. Hierzu kann die entsprechende Halteeinrichtung etwa als Rastklemme oder klippartige Rasteinrichtung ausgebildet sein.According to the invention, at least one of the first and / or second holding devices is designed as a latching device, preferably as a latching hook, latching recess, latching groove, latching notch or latching clamp. According to the invention, the respectively cooperating first and second holding devices are formed and arranged complementary to one another such that the grid fixed between them is connected captively to the entirety of the displacement body only due to the interaction of the first and second holding means, the grid between the at least one first and second holding means by the introduction of the respective first and second longitudinal bar, under temporary elastic deformation of the latching grooves or notches formed and mutually immovably arranged first and second holding means, is clamped. In the case of multi-row modules, the individual displacement bodies are supported against each other in such a way that, as a composite, they can absorb the counterforce caused by the gripping of the grid so that the assembled module of displacement bodies and grids is held together in a stable overall manner. In the case of multi-row modules, in addition, in the sense of reinforcing the bond between adjacent rows, in particular between each two superimposed displacement bodies adjacent rows, supporting elements, in particular supporting rings, which act as centering rings, be arranged. A single longitudinal bar accommodated in the respective holding device or a grid accommodated only in the first or second holding device alone need not necessarily be fixed in a captive manner. Of course, the at least one first and / or second holding device but also such as latching devices, formed so that a single rod is already set captive by the inclusion in the respective holding device. For this purpose, the corresponding holding device may be formed approximately as a detent clip or clip-like latching device.

Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann wenigstens eine der ersten und/oder zweiten Halteeinrichtungen eine in Längsrichtung verlaufende Nut oder kerbenartige Vertiefung aufweisen, in die ein entsprechender Längsstab gegebenenfalls unter vorübergehender elastischer Deformierung eingebracht werden kann. Vorzugsweise weist die Nut oder kerbenartige Vertiefung eine gekrümmte, insbesondere kreissegmentförmige Querschnittsprofillinie auf, die vorzugsweise dem Radius der Längsstäbe angepasst ist. Durch diese vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung kann der Zusammenbau des Moduls wesentlich vereinfacht werden. So können beispielsweise bei einem einreihigen Modul die wenigstens eine oder die mehreren ersten Halteeinrichtungen als Längsnuten oder Kerben mit kreissegmentförmigem Profil ausgebildet sein, in die zunächst der erste Längsstab eingebracht, im einfachsten Falle eingelegt wird. Aufgrund des kreissegmentförmigen Profils kann/können die erste(n) Halteeinrichtung(en) zugleich als Drehlager für das Gitter dienen, so dass das Gitter mit seinem zweiten Längsstab im Weiteren durch eine einfache Schwenkbewegung um die Längsachse des in der/den ersten Halteeinrichtung(en) aufgenommenen ersten Längsstabes in die zweite(n) Halteeinrichtung(en) eingebracht werden kann. Gleiches ist auch auf mehrreihige Module anwendbar, bei denen etwa die erste(n) Halteeinrichtung(en) in der untersten Reihe als Längsnuten oder Kerben mit kreissegmentförmigem Profil ausgebildet sein können.According to a further embodiment of the invention, at least one of the first and / or second holding means may comprise a longitudinally extending groove or notch-like depression, into which a corresponding longitudinal bar may optionally be introduced under temporary elastic deformation. Preferably, the groove or notch-like depression on a curved, in particular circular segment-shaped cross-sectional profile line, which is preferably adapted to the radius of the longitudinal bars. This advantageous embodiment, the assembly of the module can be substantially simplified. Thus, for example, in the case of a single-row module, the at least one or more first holding devices can be designed as longitudinal grooves or notches with a circular segment-shaped profile, into which the first longitudinal bar is first inserted, in the simplest case inserted. Due to the circular segment-shaped profile, the first holding device (s) can simultaneously serve as a pivot bearing for the grid, so that the grid with its second longitudinal bar subsequently by a simple pivoting movement about the longitudinal axis of the in the first holding device (s ) received first longitudinal bar in the second (s) holding device (s) can be introduced. The same applies to multi-row modules in which, for example, the first holding device (s) in the bottom row can be formed as longitudinal grooves or notches with a circular segment-shaped profile.

Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung können die Haltereinrichtungen, insbesondere die Nut oder kerbenartige Vertiefung, in einem Stegfortsatz auf der Aussenfläche des Verdrängungskörpers ausgebildet sein, der sich vorzugsweise quer zur Längsrichtung erstreckt. Ein solcher Stegfortsatz kann zum einen als Verstärkungsrippe für einen als geschlossenen Hohlkörper ausgebildeten Verdrängungskörper wirken. Zum anderen können die Stegfortsätze dazu dienen, die unter Umständen bautechnisch geforderten Überdeckungswerte (Schichtdicke des Betons zwischen Armierungsträgern und darauf oder darunter angeordneten Verdrängungskörpern) einzuhalten, indem der Stegfortsatz zur Vergrösserung des Abstands zwischen Verdrängungskörper und Längsstab dient, an dem typischerweise die Armierungsträger unmittelbar anliegen.According to a further embodiment of the invention, the holding means, in particular the groove or notch-like depression, may be formed in a web extension on the outer surface of the displacement body, which preferably extends transversely to the longitudinal direction. On the one hand, such a web extension can act as a reinforcing rib for a displacement body designed as a closed hollow body. On the other hand, the web extensions can be used to comply with the technically required cover values (layer thickness of the concrete between reinforcing members and displacers arranged thereon or below), in that the web extension serves to increase the distance between the displacer and the longitudinal rod to which the reinforcing members typically rest directly.

Gemäß der Erfindung sind bei wenigstens einem Verdrängungskörper die eine oder die mehreren ersten Halteeinrichtungen auf der Unterseite und/oder die eine oder die mehreren zweiten Halteeinrichtungen auf der Oberseite des Verdrängungskörpers angeordnet. Bevorzugt sind die Verdrängungskörper im Wesentlichen als oblate Rotationsellipsoide mit abgeflachten Ober- und Unterseiten ausgebildet, womit sich insbesondere flache Betonteile herstellen lassen. Zudem kann es vorgesehen sein, dass bei wenigstens einem Verdrängungskörper die wenigstens eine zweite Halteeinrichtung für das eine Gitter und die wenigstens eine zweite Halteeinrichtung für das andere Gitter derart zueinander angeordnet sind, dass der Abstand zwischen den jeweils darin aufgenommenen zweiten Längsstäben höchstens 75 mm, insbesondere höchstens 60 mm, bevorzugt höchstens 50 mm beträgt. Hierdurch wird bei einreihigen Modulen und für die oberste Reihe bei mehrreihigen Modulen bewirkt, dass das Modul beim Herstellen eines Betonteils auf den beiden oberen, zweiten Längsstäben der beiden Gitter begehbar ist, ohne dass die Gefahr besteht, dass eine Person mit dem Fuss zwischen den Längsstäben hindurch unmittelbar auf den Verdrängungskörper gelangt. Insbesondere als fragile Hohlkörper ausgebildete Verdrängungskörper sind insoweit begehsicher im dem Gitterwerk eingeschlossen, als das Gewicht einer auf dem Modul stehenden Person vornehmlich über das Gitterwerk nach unten abgeleitet wird. Um einen sicheren Stand des Moduls auf der darunter angeordneten Bewehrung sicherzustellen, kann es bei einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgesehen sein, dass die wenigstens eine erste Halteeinrichtung für das eine Gitter und die wenigstens eine erste Halteeinrichtung für das andere Gitter, bei mehrreihigen Modulen insbesondere in der untersten Reihe, derart zueinander angeordnet sind, dass der Abstand zwischen den jeweils darin aufgenommenen ersten Längsstäben wenigstens 75 mm, wenigstens 150 mm, bevorzugt 185 mm beträgt.According to the invention, in at least one displacement body, the one or more first holding devices on the underside and / or the one or more second holding devices are arranged on the upper side of the displacement body. Preferably, the displacement body are formed substantially as oblate Rotationsellipsoide with flattened upper and lower sides, which can be produced in particular flat concrete parts. In addition, it can be provided that, in the case of at least one displacement body, the at least one second holding device for the one grid and the at least one second holding device for the other grid are arranged relative to one another such that the distance between the respective second longitudinal bars received therein is at most 75 mm, in particular at most 60 mm, preferably at most 50 mm. In this way, in the case of single-row modules and for the top row in the case of multi-row modules, the module can be walked on when producing a concrete part on the two upper, second longitudinal bars of the two grids without the risk of a person having his foot between the longitudinal bars passes directly through the displacement body. In particular, displacement bodies designed as fragile hollow bodies are included in the latticework so as to be safe when the weight of a person standing on the module is primarily diverted downwards via the latticework. In order to ensure a secure state of the module on the underlying reinforcement, it may be provided in a further advantageous embodiment of the invention that the at least one first holding device for the one grid and the at least one first holding device for the other grid, in multi-row modules in particular in the bottom row, are arranged to each other such that the distance between the respective first longitudinal bars received therein is at least 75 mm, at least 150 mm, preferably 185 mm.

Gemäss einer vorteilhaften und besonders kostengünstig herzustellenden Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind wenigstens eine der ersten und/oder zweiten Halteeinrichtungen, vorzugsweise alle Halteeinrichtungen, einstückig mit dem entsprechenden Verdrängungskörper ausgebildet. Um die Verdrängungskörper möglichst schnell zu einem Modul zusammenzubauen und insoweit mehrere mögliche Einbaurichtungen vorzusehen, die ein aufwendiges Drehen und Positionieren des Verdrängungskörpers in die korrekte Einbaurichtung vermeiden, kann wenigstens einer der Verdrängungskörper, bevorzugt alle Verdrängungskörper, bezüglich einer vertikalen Ebene parallel zur Längsrichtung und/oder bezüglich einer horizontalen Ebene spiegelsymmetrisch ausgebildet sein. Gemäß der Erfindung ist einer der Verdrängungskörper bzw. sind bevorzugt alle Verdrängungskörper als Hohlkörper ausgebildet. Der Hohlkörper ist gemäß der Erfindung als geschlossener Hohlkörper ausgebildet. Denkbar sind insbesondere Kugel, Rotationsellipsoide, Halbkugelschalen oder kuppelartige Schalen. Darüber hinaus kann wenigstens einer, bevorzugt alle Verdrängungskörper, aus zwei Halbkörperelementen, insbesondere zwei Halbschalenelementen bestehen. Durch die halbteilige bzw. halbschalige Ausführung wird erreicht, dass die Halbschalen platzsparend ineinander bzw. aufeinander stapelbar sind, so dass nur ein geringeres Transportvolumen anfällt, wodurch Transportkapazitäten besser ausgenutzt und erhebliche Kosten eingespart werden können. Zudem können die Halbkörperelemente bzw. Halbschalenelemente identisch sein, so dass zum Herstellen eines Verdrängungskörpers aus diesem Element kein andersartiges, komplementäres Element erforderlich ist, sondern wiederum nur genau das Gleiche. Damit sind nicht nur Verwechslungen ausgeschlossen, sondern auch die Möglichkeit, dass eine abweichende Anzahl jeweils komplementärer Elemente an eine Baustelle angeliefert werden können. Letzteres kann insbesondere dann zu erheblichem Zeitverlust und damit zu Mehrkosten führen, wenn die Elemente auf dem Seeweg über lange Strecken wie z. B. von Europa nach Asien befördert werden müssen. Vorzugsweise bestehen die Verdrängungskörper aus Kunststoff und/oder sind als Kunststoffspritzteil ausgebildet.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, which is particularly cost-effective to produce, at least one of the first and / or second holding devices, preferably all holding devices, are formed integrally with the corresponding displacement body. In order to assemble the displacers as quickly as possible to a module and to provide several possible installation directions that avoid complicated turning and positioning of the displacement body in the correct installation direction, at least one of the displacement body, preferably all displacement body, with respect to a vertical plane parallel to the longitudinal direction and / or be mirror-symmetrical with respect to a horizontal plane. According to the invention, one of the displacement body or are preferably all displacement body formed as a hollow body. The hollow body is formed according to the invention as a closed hollow body. Spheres, ellipsoids, hemispherical shells or domed shells are particularly conceivable. In addition, at least one, preferably all displacement body, consist of two half-body elements, in particular two half-shell elements. The half-piece or half-shell design ensures that the half-shells are stackable into one another or one another in a space-saving manner, so that only a smaller transport volume is obtained, whereby transport capacities can be better utilized and significant costs can be saved. In addition, the half-body elements or half-shell elements can be identical, so that no other kind of complementary element is required for producing a displacement body from this element, but in turn only exactly the same. This not only excludes confusion, but also the possibility that a different number of complementary elements can be delivered to a construction site. The latter can lead in particular to considerable loss of time and thus to additional costs, if the elements by sea over long distances such. B. from Europe to Asia. Preferably, the displacement body made of plastic and / or are formed as a plastic injection-molded part.

Nach einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, dass sich zwischen je zwei benachbarten Verdrängungskörpern in einer Reihe zumindest bereichsweise je wenigstens ein Querstab erstreckt und/oder dass jeder Verdrängungskörper in Längsrichtung zwischen je zwei Querstäben angeordnet ist, die insbesondere an dem Verdrängungskörper anliegen, vorzugsweise derart, dass die Querstäbe die Verdrängungskörper gegen ein Verschieben entlang der Längsrichtung und zur Seite hin sichern. -Insgesamt definieren somit jeweils zwei Querstabpaare zusammen mit dem wenigstens einen ersten und zweiten Längsstab einen Aufnahmeraum für einen Verdrängungskörper oder eine Säule aus Verdrängungskörpern, der den oder die Verdrängungskörper dahingehend umschliesst bzw. fixiert, dass ein Auftreiben bzw. Verrutschen innerhalb des Aufnahmeraums im Wesentlichen vermieden werden kann. Die Querstäbe verhindern zudem, dass sich bei einem aus zwei Halbschalen zusammengesetzten Verdrängungskörper versehentlich die Verbindung zwischen den beiden Halbschalenelementen löst. Wenn der Verdrängungskörper beispielsweise aus zwei Halbschalenelementen besteht, die über einen Schiebeverschluss durch seitliches Zusammenschieben der beiden Halbschalenelemente parallel zur gemeinsamen Kontaktebene zusammengefügt werden, so ist ein solcher Verdrängungskörper vorzugsweise derart im Modul angeordnet, dass die Wirkrichtung des Schiebeverschluss parallel zur Längsrichtung des Moduls ausgerichtet ist, so dass ein versehentliches Öffnen des Schiebeverschlusses von den Querstäben verhindert wird.According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that between each two adjacent Displacement bodies in a row at least partially extending at least one transverse bar and / or that each displacement body is arranged in the longitudinal direction between two transverse bars, which abut in particular on the displacement body, preferably such that the transverse rods, the displacement body against displacement along the longitudinal direction and to the side back up. Thus, in each case, two pairs of transverse bars together with the at least one first and second longitudinal bar define a receiving space for a displacement body or column which encloses the displacement body or bodies in such a way as to substantially prevent slippage within the receiving space can be. The cross bars also prevent accidentally solves the connection between the two half-shell elements in a composite of two half-shells displacement body. If the displacement body consists, for example, of two half-shell elements which are joined together by sliding the two half-shell elements parallel to the common contact plane, such a displacement body is preferably arranged in the module such that the effective direction of the sliding closure is aligned parallel to the longitudinal direction of the module, so that accidental opening of the sliding closure is prevented by the transverse bars.

Bevorzugt bestehen die Längsstäbe und/oder die Querstäbe aus Stahl, insbesondere aus Bewehrungsstahl. Zudem weisen alle Längsstäbe und/oder die Querstäbe den gleichen Durchmesser auf.The longitudinal bars and / or the transverse bars preferably consist of steel, in particular reinforcing steel. In addition, all longitudinal bars and / or the cross bars have the same diameter.

Weitere Ziele, Vorteile und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels anhand der Zeichnungen.Other objects, advantages and applications of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine perspektivische Ansicht eines möglichen Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemässen einreihigen Moduls zur Herstellung eines Betonteils,
Fig. 2
eine Frontansicht des einreihigen Moduls gemäss Fig. 1 in verschiedenen Stufen des Zusammenbaus,
Fig. 3
die Detailansicht A des einreihigen Moduls gemäss Fig. 2,
Fig. 4
die Detailansicht B des einreihigen Moduls gemäss Fig. 2, und
Fig. 5
eine perspektivische Ansicht eines möglichen Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemässen mehrreihigen Moduls zur Herstellung eines Betonteils.
Show it:
Fig. 1
a perspective view of a possible embodiment of an inventive single-row module for producing a concrete part,
Fig. 2
a front view of the single-row module according to Fig. 1 in different stages of assembly,
Fig. 3
the detail view A of the single-row module according to Fig. 2 .
Fig. 4
the detail view B of the single-row module according to Fig. 2 , and
Fig. 5
a perspective view of a possible Embodiment of an inventive multi-row module for producing a concrete part.

Die Fig. 1 bis 4 zeigen ein mögliches Ausführungsbeispiel eines einreihigen Moduls 1a zur Herstellung eines Betonteils. Das Modul 1a umfasst eine Reihe 2 aus mehreren in einer horizontalen Längsrichtung L nebeneinander angeordneten Verdrängungskörpern 100, die unverlierbar einem Gitterwerk aus zwei einzelnen, in Längsrichtung L verlaufenden Gittern 10, 20 gehalten sind, deren Gitterflächen quer zur Horizontalen ausgerichtet sind. Dabei weist jedes der Gitter 10, 20 wenigstens einen ersten und einen zweiten Längsstab 11, 12 bzw. 21, 22, die parallel voneinander beabstandet in Längsrichtung L verlaufen, sowie mehrere voneinander beabstandete und quer zur Horizontalen ausgerichtete Querstäbe 13, 23 auf, die jeweils mit den Längsstäben 11, 12 bzw. 21, 22 verbunden, vorzugsweise verschweisst, sind. Die Längsstäbe 11, 12, bzw. 21, 22 und Querstäbe 13, 23 bestehen bevorzugt aus Bewehrungsstahl und weisen denselben Durchmesser auf. Wenn im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemässen einreihigen Moduls 1a gemäss Fig. 1 aus Gründen der Übersicht insgesamt nur zwei Verdrängungskörper 100 gezeigt sind, so steht diese Illustration auch stellvertretend für Module mit mehr als zwei Verdrängungskörpern in einer Reihe. Insoweit ist daher das Modul 1a in Längsrichtung L verlängerbar. Typischerweise können die Module in Längsrichtung L eine Ausdehnung von bis zu etwa 250 cm aufweisen und insgesamt bis etwa vierzehn nebeneinander angeordnete Verdrängungskörper 100 umfassen.The Fig. 1 to 4 show a possible embodiment of a single-row module 1a for producing a concrete part. The module 1a comprises a row 2 of a plurality of displacement bodies 100 arranged side by side in a horizontal longitudinal direction L which are captively held in a latticework of two individual lattices 10, 20 running in the longitudinal direction L whose lattice surfaces are oriented transversely to the horizontal. In this case, each of the lattice 10, 20 at least a first and a second longitudinal bar 11, 12 and 21, 22 which are parallel spaced from each other in the longitudinal direction L, and a plurality of spaced apart and transversely to the horizontal aligned transverse bars 13, 23, respectively with the longitudinal bars 11, 12 and 21, 22 connected, preferably welded, are. The longitudinal bars 11, 12, and 21, 22 and transverse bars 13, 23 are preferably made of reinforcing steel and have the same diameter. If in the present embodiment of the inventive single-row module 1a according to Fig. 1 For reasons of clarity, only two displacement bodies 100 are shown in total, this illustration is also representative of modules with more than two displacement bodies in a row. In that regard, therefore, the module 1a in the longitudinal direction L can be extended. Typically, the modules may have an extent of up to about 250 cm in the longitudinal direction L and may comprise a total of about fourteen juxtaposed displacers 100.

Sämtliche Verdrängungskörper 100 weisen an ihrer Aussenseite jeweils für beide Gitter 10 bzw. 20 wenigstens eine erste Halteeinrichtung 311 bzw. 321 und wenigstens eine zweite Halteeinrichtung 412 bzw. 422 auf, die derart ausgebildet und zueinander angeordnet sind, dass jeweils beide Gitter 10 bzw. 20 durch Aufnahme des ersten Längsstabes 11 bzw. 21 in der ersten Halteeinrichtung 311 bzw. 321 und Aufnahme des zweiten Längsstabes 12 bzw. 22 in der zweiten Halteeinrichtung 412 bzw. 422 zumindest formschlüssig und unverlierbar zwischen der ersten und zweiten Halteeinrichtung 311, 312 bzw. 412, 422 festgelegt sind und dadurch insgesamt alle Verdrängungskörper 100 zusammenhalten.All displacement body 100 have on their outer side in each case for both grids 10 and 20 at least one first holding device 311 or 321 and at least one second Holding device 412 or 422, which are formed and arranged to each other, that in each case both grids 10 and 20 by receiving the first longitudinal bar 11 and 21 in the first holding means 311 and 321 and receiving the second longitudinal bar 12 and 22 in the second holding device 412 or 422 are fixed at least positively and captively between the first and second holding means 311, 312 and 412, 422 and thereby hold together all the displacement body 100 in total.

Die ersten Halteeinrichtungen 311, 321 für die ersten Längsstäbe 11, 21 des ersten und zweiten Gitters 10, 20 sind senkrecht zur Längsrichtung L auf der Unterseite der Verdrängungskörper in einem Abstand D1 angeordnet, der im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel etwa 185 mm beträgt. Damit ist gewährleistet, dass das Modul 1a einen sicheren Stand auf den typischerweise darunter angeordneten (hier nicht gezeigten) Armierungsträgern hat, auf denen die ersten. Längsstäbe 11, 12 bei der Herstellung von Betonteilen in der Regel unmittelbar aufliegen. Wie insbesondere den Fig. 1 und 2 zu entnehmen ist, sind die jeweils zweiten Halteeinrichtungen 412, 422 für die zweiten Längsstabe 12, 22 auf der Oberseite der Verdrängungskörper 100 in einem Abstand D2 angeordnet, der deutlich kleiner ist als der Abstand D1 auf der Unterseite und im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel etwa nur 50 mm beträgt. Ein Abstand D2 in dieser Grössenordnung stellt sicher, dass das Modul 1a beim Herstellen eines Betonteils auf den beiden oberen, zweiten Längsstäben 12, 22 der beiden Gitter 10, 20 sicher begehbar ist, ohne dass die Gefahr besteht, dass eine Person mit dem Fuss zwischen den beiden Längsstäben 12, 22 hindurch unmittelbar auf die Verdrängungskörper 100 tritt und diese dabei beschädigen könnte. In Längsrichtung L betrachtet - wie in Fig. 2 gezeigt - sind die Gitterflächen der beiden Gitter 10, 20 daher jeweils gegenüber der Vertikalen unter einem Winkel α von etwa 15° geneigt angeordnet.The first holding devices 311, 321 for the first longitudinal bars 11, 21 of the first and second grids 10, 20 are arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L on the underside of the displacement body at a distance D1, which is about 185 mm in the present embodiment. This ensures that the module 1a has a secure footing on the typically arranged underneath (not shown here) reinforcing members on which the first. Longitudinal bars 11, 12 in the production of concrete parts usually rest directly. As in particular the Fig. 1 and 2 can be seen, the respective second holding means 412, 422 for the second longitudinal bar 12, 22 arranged on the upper side of the displacement body 100 at a distance D2, which is significantly smaller than the distance D1 on the bottom and in the present embodiment, only about 50 mm is. A distance D2 of this order of magnitude ensures that the module 1a can be safely walked on when producing a concrete part on the two upper, second longitudinal bars 12, 22 of the two grilles 10, 20, without the risk of a person having his foot between the two longitudinal bars 12, 22 passes directly through the displacement body 100 and this could damage it. Seen in the longitudinal direction L - as in Fig. 2 shown - are the grid surfaces of the two grids 10, 20 therefore each opposite to the vertical below an angle α of about 15 ° inclined.

Wie insbesondere in den Fig. 3 und 4 zu erkennen ist, sind die ersten Halteeinrichtungen 311, 321 auf der Unterseite der Verdrängungskörper 100 als Nuten bzw. kerbenartige Vertiefungen in Stegfortsätzen ausgebildet, die quer zur Längsrichtung L auf der Aussenseite der Verdrängungskörper angeordnet sind. Jeder Verdrängungskörper 100 weist jeweils zwei erste Halteeinrichtung 311 bzw. 321 für jeden der Längsstäbe 11 bzw. 21 des ersten bzw. zweiten Gitters 10, 20 auf, die in Längsrichtung L nebeneinander angeordnet sind und in denen der jeweilige Längsstab 11, 21 gleichzeitig aufgenommen ist. Hierzu fluchten die jeweiligen Nuten oder kerbenartigen Vertiefungen der ersten Halteeinrichtungen 311 bzw. 321, die einem der Längsstäbe 11 bzw. 21 zugeordnet sind, in Längsrichtung L. Die Tiefe der Nuten bzw. kerbenartigen Vertiefungen und die Höhe der Stegfortsätze sind so gewählt, dass bautechnisch geforderte Überdeckungswerte (Schichtdicke des Betons zwischen Armierungsträgern und darauf oder darunter angeordneten Verdrängungskörpern) eingehalten werden können. Die verwendeten zweiten Halteeinrichtungen 412, 422 auf der Oberseite der Verdrängungskörper 100 sind im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel im Wesentlichen als Rasthaken ausgebildet, die ebenfalls quer zur Längsrichtung L, vorliegend senkrecht zur Längsrichtung L, ausgerichtet sind. Für jeden der Längsstäbe 12, 22 befindet sich wenigstens eine als Rasthaken ausgebildete zweite Halteeinrichtung 412, 422 auf der Oberseite.As in particular in the 3 and 4 can be seen, the first holding means 311, 321 formed on the underside of the displacement body 100 as grooves or notch-like depressions in web extensions, which are arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction L on the outside of the displacement body. Each displacement body 100 has two first holding means 311 and 321 for each of the longitudinal bars 11 and 21 of the first and second grid 10, 20, which are arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction L and in which the respective longitudinal bar 11, 21 is accommodated simultaneously , For this purpose, the respective grooves or notch-like recesses of the first holding means 311 and 321, which are assigned to one of the longitudinal bars 11 and 21, aligned in the longitudinal direction L. The depth of the grooves or notch-like depressions and the height of the web extensions are chosen so that structurally required cover values (layer thickness of the concrete between reinforcing members and displacement bodies arranged thereon or below) can be maintained. The second holding devices 412, 422 used on the upper side of the displacement body 100 are formed in the present embodiment substantially as latching hooks, which are also aligned transversely to the longitudinal direction L, in the present case perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L. For each of the longitudinal bars 12, 22 there is at least one second holding device 412, 422 formed as a latching hook on the upper side.

In Fig. 2 ist unter anderem ein vorteilhaftes Verfahren zum Herstellen bzw. zum Zusammenbauen eines Moduls 1a illustriert. Hierzu werden die beiden Gitter 10, 20 zunächst parallel zur Längsrichtung L im Abstand D1 flach nebeneinander auf einen ebenen Untergrund gelegt. Sodann werden die Verdrängungskörper 100 in Längsrichtung L nebeneinander auf den Gittern 10, 20 derart angeordnet, dass die Nuten bzw. kerbenartigen Vertiefengen der ersten Halteeinrichtungen 311 bzw. 321 mit den ersten Längsstäben 11 bzw. 21 in Eingriff gelangen. Im Weiteren werden die beiden Gitter 10 bzw. 20 um die Längsachse der jeweiligen ersten Längsstäbe 11 bzw. 21 nach oben umgeklappt, bis die jeweiligen zweiten Längsstäbe 12 bzw. 22 in den als Rasthaken ausgebildeten zweiten Halteeinrichtungen 412 bzw. 422, etwa unter vorübergehender elastischer Verformung der Rasthaken, einrasten. Wie insbesondere in Fig. 4 zu erkennen ist, weist die Nut bzw. kerbenartige Vertiefung der ersten Halteeinrichtung 311, 321 eine kreissegmentförmige Querschnittsprofillinie auf, die vorzugsweise dem Radius der Längsstäbe 11, 21 angepasst ist, so dass die Nuten bzw. kerbenartigen Vertiefungen in vorteilhafter Weise als Drehlager für die jeweiligen ersten Längsstäbe 11, 12 dienen. Insgesamt führt das Zusammenwirken der Aufnahme der jeweils ersten Längsstäbe 11, 21 mit den ersten Halteeinrichtungen 311, 321 und der jeweils zweiten Längsstäbe 12, 22 mit den zweiten Halteeinrichtungen 412, 422 dazu, dass die beiden Gitter 10, 20 jeweils einzelne an den Verdrängungsköpern 100 formschlüssig und unverlierbar festgelegt sind und somit die Gesamtheit alle Verdrängungskörper zusammenhalten.In Fig. 2 Among other things, an advantageous method for producing or assembling a module 1a is illustrated. For this purpose, the two grids 10, 20 are first placed parallel to the longitudinal direction L at a distance D1 flat next to each other on a flat surface. Then the displacement body 100 in the longitudinal direction L side by side on the grids 10, 20 arranged such that the grooves or notch-like Vertiefengen the first holding means 311 and 321 engage with the first longitudinal bars 11 and 21, respectively. In addition, the two grids 10 and 20 are folded around the longitudinal axis of the respective first longitudinal bars 11 and 21 upwards until the respective second longitudinal bars 12 and 22 in the second holding devices 412 and 422 designed as latching hooks, such as transient elastic Deformation of the latching hook, engage. As in particular in Fig. 4 can be seen, the groove or notch-like depression of the first holding means 311, 321 has a circular segment-shaped cross-sectional profile line, which is preferably adapted to the radius of the longitudinal bars 11, 21, so that the grooves or notch-like depressions advantageously as a pivot bearing for the respective first longitudinal bars 11, 12 serve. Overall, the interaction of the reception of the respective first longitudinal bars 11, 21 with the first holding devices 311, 321 and the respective second longitudinal bars 12, 22 with the second holding devices 412, 422 results in the two grids 10, 20 being in each case connected individually to the displacement bodies 100 are fixed positively and captively and thus hold the whole of all displacement body together.

Wie ausserdem insbesondere in Fig. 1 zu erkennen ist, weist jedes Gitter 10, 20 pro Verdrängungskörper 100 je zwei Querstäbe 13 bzw. 23 auf, die seitlich an dem entsprechenden Verdrängungskörper 100 anliegen, vorliegend derart, dass die Querstäbe 13, 23 die Verdrängungskörper 100 gegen ein Verschieben entlang der Längsrichtung L sichern. Insgesamt definieren somit jeweils zwei Querstabpaare 13 bzw. 23 und die jeweiligen ersten und zweiten Längsstäbe 11, 12 bzw. 21, 22 einen Aufnahmeraum für je einen Verdrängungskörper 100, der den Verdrängungskörper 100 dahingehend umschliesst bzw. fixiert, dass ein Auftreiben bzw. Verrutschen des Verdrängungskörpers innerhalb des Aufnahmeraums im Wesentlichen vermieden werden kann.As well as in particular in Fig. 1 can be seen, each grid 10, 20 per displacement body 100 per two transverse bars 13 and 23, which rest laterally against the corresponding displacement body 100, in this case such that the transverse rods 13, 23, the displacement body 100 against displacement along the longitudinal direction L to back up. Thus, in each case two transverse bar pairs 13 and 23 and the respective first and second longitudinal bars 11, 12 and 21, 22 respectively define a receiving space for a respective displacement body 100 which surrounds the displacement body 100 to such effect or fixes that a flopping or slipping of the displacement body can be substantially avoided within the receiving space.

Wie den Fig. 1 und 2 ferner zu entnehmen ist, sind die Verdrängungskörper 100 im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel alle identisch und bezüglich einer Ebene parallel zur Horizontalen (bis auf die Vertiefungen auf der Ober- und Unterseite) spiegelsymmetrisch ausgebildet. Daher weisen die Verdrängungskörper sowohl auf der Unterseite als auch auf der Oberseite mehrere Halteeinrichtungen auf, die u.a. quer zur Längsrichtung L versetzt angeordnet sind. Insoweit sind die oben beschriebenen ersten Halteeinrichtungen 311 bzw. 321 auf der Unterseite des Verdrängungskörpers 100 identisch zu den weiteren zweiten Halteeinrichtung 312 bzw. 322 auf seiner Oberseite. Analog sind die oben beschriebenen zweiten Halteeinrichtungen 412 bzw. 422 auf der Oberseite des Verdrängungskörpers 100 identisch zu den beiden weiteren Halteeinrichtungen 411 bzw. 421 auf seiner Unterseite. Hierdurch erhöht sich die Modularität der Verdrängungskörper 100, da sie zumindest bezüglich Ober- und Unterseite keine zwingend vorgebebene Einbaurichtung aufweisen, so dass die Module sehr schnell und ohne aufwendiges Drehen und Positionieren der Verdrängungskörper zusammengebaut werden können.Like that Fig. 1 and 2 can also be seen, the displacement body 100 in the present embodiment, all identical and with respect to a plane parallel to the horizontal (except for the wells on the top and bottom) mirror-symmetrical design. Therefore, the displacement body on both the bottom and on the top of several holding devices, which are arranged inter alia offset transversely to the longitudinal direction L. In that regard, the first holding means 311 and 321 described above on the underside of the displacement body 100 are identical to the other second holding means 312 and 322 on its upper side. Similarly, the above-described second holding means 412 and 422 on the upper side of the displacement body 100 are identical to the two further holding means 411 and 421 on its underside. This increases the modularity of the displacement body 100, since they have at least with respect to the top and bottom no mandatory vorgebebene installation direction, so that the modules can be assembled very quickly and without expensive turning and positioning of the displacement body.

Anstelle einer oder beider der oben beschriebenen ersten und zweiten Halteeinrichtungen 311, 321 bzw. 412, 422 können alternativ auch die weiteren ersten bzw. weiteren zweiten Halteeinrichtungen 411, 421 bzw. 312, 322 zum Festlegen des jeweiligen Gitters verwendet werden, wobei hierfür ggf. der Abstand zwischen den beiden Längsstäben eines Gitters angepasst werden muss. Hierdurch wird in vorteilhafter Weise erreicht, dass das jeweilige Gitter 10, 20 in verschiedenen Positionen quer zur Horizontalen an den Verdrängungskörpern 100 festgelegt werden kann. So können beispielsweise die beiden Gitter 10, 20 mit ihren jeweiligen ersten Längsstäben 11, 21 jeweils in den ersten Halteeinrichtungen 311 und 321 an der Unterseite der Verdrängungskörper 100 und mit ihren jeweiligen zweiten Längsstäben 12, 22 an den weiteren zweiten Halteeinrichtungen 312 und 322 an der Oberseite der Verdrängungskörper 100 festgelegt werden. In diesem Fall sind die beiden Gitterflächen parallel zur Vertikalen bzw. senkrecht zur Horizontalen ausgerichtet.Instead of one or both of the above-described first and second holding devices 311, 321 or 412, 422, alternatively, the further first and further second holding devices 411, 421 or 312, 322 can be used to define the respective grid, wherein the distance between the two longitudinal bars of a grid must be adjusted. This achieves in an advantageous manner that the respective grid 10, 20 in different Positions across the horizontal to the displacement bodies 100 can be set. Thus, for example, the two grids 10, 20 with their respective first longitudinal bars 11, 21 respectively in the first holding means 311 and 321 on the underside of the displacement body 100 and with their respective second longitudinal bars 12, 22 at the other second holding means 312 and 322 at the Top of the displacement body 100 are determined. In this case, the two grid surfaces are aligned parallel to the vertical or perpendicular to the horizontal.

Zudem sind die Verdrängungskörper 100 im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß der Erfindung als Hohlkörper ausgebildet, die aus zwei identischen Halbschalenelementen aus Kunststoff zusammengesetzt sind, die platzsparend ineinander bzw. aufeinander stapelbar sind. Zudem ist zum Herstellen eines Verdrängungskörpers aus diesen Elementen kein andersartiges, komplementäres Element erforderlich. Alle Verdrängungskörper 100 sind im Wesentlichen als oblate Rotationsellipsoide mit abgeflachten Ober- und Unterseiten ausgebildet, womit sich insbesondere flache Betonteile herstellen lassen. Zudem sind sämtliche Halteeinrichtungen einstückig mit den Verdrängungskörpern bzw. den Halbschalenelementen ausgebildet, etwa als singuläres Spritzgussteil.In addition, the displacement body 100 are formed in the present embodiment according to the invention as a hollow body, which are composed of two identical half-shell elements made of plastic, which are space-saving in one another or stackable. In addition, no other kind of complementary element is required for producing a displacement body from these elements. All displacement body 100 are formed substantially as oblate Rotationsellipsoide with flattened upper and lower sides, which can be produced in particular flat concrete parts. In addition, all holding devices are formed integrally with the displacement bodies or the half-shell elements, for example as a singular injection molded part.

Fig. 5 zeigt ein mögliches Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemässen mehrreihigen Moduls 1b, das insbesondere zur Herstellung dickerer Betonteile dient. Das Modul 1b umfasst mehrere übereinander angeordnete Reihen 2, 3 aus mehreren in einer horizontalen Längsrichtung L nebeneinander angeordneten Verdrängungskörpern 100, die identisch zu den Verdrängungskörpern 100 in den Fig. 1 bis 4 sind. Die Verdrängungskörper 100 sind ebenfalls unverlierbar in einem Gitterwerk aus zwei einzelnen, in Längsrichtung L verlaufenden Gittern 10, 20 gehalten, deren Gitterflächen quer zur Horizontalen ausgerichtet sind. Wenn im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel des Moduls 1b gemäss Fig. 5 aus Gründen der Übersicht insgesamt nur zwei Reihen 2, 3 mit je zwei Verdrängungskörpern 100 gezeigt sind, so steht diese Illustration auch stellvertretend für Module mit mehr als zwei Reihen und/oder mehr als zwei Verdrängungskörpern 100 pro Reihe. Insoweit ist daher das Modul 1b in Längsrichtung L und/oder in horizontaler Richtung verlängerbar bzw. skalierbar. Fig. 5 shows a possible embodiment of an inventive multi-row module 1b, which is used in particular for the production of thicker concrete parts. The module 1b comprises a plurality of superimposed rows 2, 3 of a plurality in a horizontal longitudinal direction L juxtaposed displacement bodies 100, which are identical to the displacement bodies 100 in the Fig. 1 to 4 are. The displacement body 100 are also captive in a latticework of two individual, running in the longitudinal direction L. Grids 10, 20 held, the grid surfaces are aligned transversely to the horizontal. If in the present embodiment of the module 1b according to Fig. 5 For reasons of clarity, only two rows 2, 3 with two displacement bodies 100 are shown overall, this illustration is also representative of modules with more than two rows and / or more than two displacement bodies 100 per row. In that regard, therefore, the module 1b in the longitudinal direction L and / or in the horizontal direction can be extended or scaled.

Jedes der Gitter 10, 20 weist wenigstens einen ersten und einen zweiten Längsstab 11, 12 bzw. 21, 22, die parallel voneinander beabstandet in Längsrichtung L verlaufen, sowie mehrere voneinander beabstandete und quer zur Horizontalen ausgerichtete Querstäbe 13, 23 auf, die jeweils mit den Längsstäben 11, 12 bzw. 21, 22 verbunden, insbesondere verschweisst, sind. Die ersten Längsstäbe 11, 21 der beiden Gitter 10, 20 sind - analog zum einreihigen Modul 1a - jeweils in ersten Halteeinrichtungen 311, 321 an der Unterseite der Verdrängungskörper 100 in der untersten Reihe 2 aufgenommen, während die zweiten Längsstäbe 12, 22 jeweils in zweiten Halteeinrichtung 312, 322 an der Oberseite der Verdrängungskörper 100 in der obersten Reihe 3 aufgenommen sind. Dies reicht bereits aus, um jeweils beide Gitter 10, 20 zumindest formschlüssig und unverlierbar zwischen den ersten Halteeinrichtungen 311 bzw. 321 und den zweiten Halteeinrichtungen 312 bzw. 322 festzulegen, so dass dadurch bereits alle Verdrängungskörper 100 als Verbund zwischen beiden Gittern 10, 20 zusammengehalten sind.Each of the grids 10, 20 has at least a first and a second longitudinal bar 11, 12 and 21, 22 which extend parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction L, as well as a plurality of spaced and transversely oriented to the horizontal cross bars 13, 23, each with the longitudinal bars 11, 12 and 21, 22 connected, in particular welded, are. The first longitudinal bars 11, 21 of the two grids 10, 20 are - in analogy to the single-row module 1a - each received in first holding devices 311, 321 on the underside of the displacement body 100 in the bottom row 2, while the second longitudinal bars 12, 22 respectively in the second Holding means 312, 322 are received at the top of the displacement body 100 in the uppermost row 3. This is already sufficient in order to fix both grids 10, 20 at least positively and captively between the first holding devices 311 and 321 and the second holding devices 312 and 322, thereby already holding together all the displacement bodies 100 as a composite between the two grids 10, 20 are.

Um den Verbund zu stärken, weisen die beiden Gitter 10, 20 jeweils zusätzlich einen weiteren ersten Längsstab 11.1 bzw. 21.1 und einen weiteren zweiten Längsstab 12.1 bzw. 22.1 auf, die entsprechend in den weiteren ersten Halteeinrichtungen 311.1 bzw. 321.1 auf der Unterseite der Verdrängungskörper 100 der oberen Reihe 3 bzw. in den weiteren zweiten Halteeinrichtungen 412.1 bzw. 422.1 auf der Oberseite der Verdrängungskörper 100 der unteren Reihe 2 aufgenommen sind. Bei mehr als zwei Reihen ist es analog nicht gemäß der Erfindung denkbar, dass jeder Verdrängungskörper jeweils in einer ersten Halteeinrichtung, etwa an seiner Unterseite, und in einer zweiten Halteeinrichtung, etwa an seiner Oberseite, mit einem korrespondierenden ersten bzw. zweiten Längsstab eines der Gitter zusammenwirkt. Denkbar ist aber auch, auf alle weiteren ersten und zweiten Längsstäbe zu verzichten und das Gitter wie oben beschrieben nur zwischen den ersten Halteeinrichtungen der untersten Reihe und den zweiten Halteeinrichtungen der obersten Reihe festzulegen. Insbesondere wäre es denkbar, bei den beiden in Fig. 5 gezeigten Gittern 10, 20 jeweils die beiden zusätzlichen Längsstäbe 11.1, 12.1 bzw. 21.1, 22.1 wegzulassen und die jeweils zweiten Längsstäbe 12, 22 anstelle der Halteeinrichtungen 312 bzw. 322 in den weiteren zweiten Halteeinrichtungen 412 bzw. 422 aufzunehmen, mit dem Ergebnis, dass die Gitter 10, 20 gegenüber der Vertikalen geneigt wären. In sämtlichen dieser Konfigurationen kann das mehrreihige Modul in vorteilhafter Weise analog wie für das einreihige Modul durch Umklappen der Gitter zusammengebaut werden.In order to strengthen the composite, the two grids 10, 20 each additionally have a further first longitudinal bar 11.1 or 21.1 and a further second longitudinal bar 12.1 or 22.1, which are respectively received in the further first holding devices 311.1 and 321.1 on the underside of the displacement body 100 of the upper row 3 and in the other second holding means 412.1 and 422.1 on the upper side of the displacement body 100 of the lower row 2. In the case of more than two rows, it is analogously not conceivable according to the invention that each displacement body in each case in a first holding device, for example on its underside, and in a second holding device, for example on its upper side, with a corresponding first or second longitudinal bar of one of the grids interacts. It is also conceivable to dispense with all other first and second longitudinal bars and set the grid as described above only between the first holding means of the bottom row and the second holding means of the top row. In particular, it would be conceivable for the two in Fig. 5 shown lattices 10, 20 respectively omit the two additional longitudinal bars 11.1, 12.1 and 21.1, 22.1 and the respective second longitudinal bars 12, 22 instead of the holding means 312 and 322 in the other second holding means 412 and 422 record, with the result that the grids 10, 20 would be inclined with respect to the vertical. In all of these configurations, the multi-row module can advantageously be assembled analogously to the single-row module by folding down the grids.

Claims (14)

  1. A module (1a) for the production of concrete parts, which comprises a row (2) of a plurality of displacement bodies (100) being adjacently arranged in a horizontal longitudinal direction (L), which are held captively in a grid structure made of at least two individual grids (10, 20) running in the longitudinal direction (L), wherein each of the grids (10, 20) comprises at least a first and a second longitudinal bar (11, 12 or 21, 22), arranged at a distance in parallel to one another and running in the longitudinal direction (L), and a plurality of transverse bars (13, 23) being arranged at a distance from one another, which are respectively connected with the longitudinal bars (11, 12 or 21, 22), wherein at least one of the displacement bodies (100) for each grid (10, 20) comprises respectively at least one first retaining device (311 or 321) and at least one second retaining device (412 or 422) on its outer side, said retaining devices being formed and arranged in relation to one another in such a way that both respective grids (10, 20) are at least interlockingly and captively secured between the first and second retaining device by accommodating the first longitudinal bar (11 or 21) in the first retaining device (311 or 321) and accommodating the second longitudinal bar (12 or 22) in the second retaining device (412 or 422), and thereby holding together all displacement bodies (100), whereby on at least one displacement body (100) the one or plurality of first retaining devices (311, 311.1, 321, 321.1; 411, 411.1, 421, 421.1) are arranged on a lower side of the displacement body (100) and the one or plurality of second retaining devices (312, 312.1, 322, 322.1; 412, 412.1, 422, 422.1) are arranged on an upper side of the displacement body (100), whereby at least one of the first and/or second retaining devices (311, 311.1, 321, 321.1; 312, 312.1, 322, 322.1; 411, 411.1, 421, 421.1; 412, 412.1, 422, 422.1) is formed as a locking device, whereby the respective first and second retaining devices cooperating with each other are formed complementary to each other and are arranged with regard to each other in such a way that the grid (10, 20) held captively at the entirety of the displacement bodies only be means of the cooperation of the first and second retaining devices, whereby the grid (10, 20) arranged between the at least one first and second retaining devices is mounted by means of introducing the respective first and second longitudinal bar (11, 12 or 21, 22) under temporary flexible deformation of a longitudinal bar (11, 12 or 21, 22) and/or by means of the first or second retaining device being formed at a locking groove or locking recess, characterized in that the at least one displacement body is formed as a closed hollow body.
  2. The module (1a) according to claim 1, characterised in that a plurality of displacement bodies (100) in the one row (2) for at least one of the grids (10, 20) comprise respectively at least a first and a second retaining device (311, 321; 412, 422) for accommodating the relevant first or second longitudinal bar (11; 21 or 12; 22).
  3. A module (1b) for the production of concrete parts, which comprises a plurality of stacked rows (2, 3) of a plurality of displacement bodies (100) being adjacently arranged in a horizontal longitudinal direction (L), which are held captively in a grid structure made of at least two individual grids (10, 20) running in the longitudinal direction (L), wherein each of the grids (10, 20) comprises at least a first and a second longitudinal bar (11, 12 or 21, 22), arranged at a distance in parallel to one another and running in the longitudinal direction (L), and a plurality of transverse bars (13, 23) being arranged at a distance from one another, which are respectively connected with the longitudinal bars (11, 12 or 21, 22), wherein at least one of the displacement bodies (100) in the bottom row (2) on its outer side for each grid (10, 20) comprises respectively at least one first retaining device (311 or 321) and at least one of the displacement bodies (100) in the top row (3) on its outer side respectively at least one second retaining device (312 or 322), said retaining devices being formed and arranged in relation to one another in such a way that both respective grids (10, 20) are at least interlockingly and captively secured between the first and second retaining device by accommodating the first longitudinal bar (11 or 21) in the first retaining device (311 or 321) and accommodating the second longitudinal bar (12 or 22) in the second retaining device (312 or 322), and thereby holding together all displacement bodies (100)., whereby on at least one displacement body (100) the one or plurality of first retaining devices (311, 311.1, 321, 321.1; 411, 411.1, 421, 421.1) are arranged on a lower side of the displacement body (100) and the one or plurality of second retaining devices (312, 312.1, 322, 322.1; 412, 412.1, 422, 422.1) are arranged on an upper side of the displacement body (100), whereby at least one of the first and/or second retaining devices (311, 311.1, 321, 321.1; 312, 312.1, 322, 322.1; 411, 411.1, 421, 421.1; 412, 412.1, 422, 422.1) is formed as a locking device, whereby the respective first and second retaining devices cooperating with each other are formed complementary to each other and are arranged with regard to each other in such a way that the grid (10, 20) held captively at the entirety of the displacement bodies only be means of the cooperation of the first and second retaining devices, whereby the grid (10, 20) arranged between the at least one first and second retaining devices is mounted by means of introducing the respective first and second longitudinal bar (11, 12 or 21, 22) under temporary flexible deformation of a longitudinal bar (11, 12 or 21, 22) and/or by means of the first or second retaining device being formed at a locking groove or locking recess, characterized in that the at least one displacement body is formed as a closed hollow body
  4. The module (1b) according to claim 3, characterised in that a plurality of displacement bodies (100) in the bottom row (2) comprise at least a first retaining device (311; 321) for the first longitudinal bar (11, 21) of at least one of the grids (10, 20) and/or that a plurality of displacement bodies (100) in the top row (3) respectively comprise at least a second retaining device (312; 322) for the second longitudinal bar (12, 22) of at least one of the grids (10, 20).
  5. The module (1b) according to claim 4, characterised in that one or a plurality of displacement bodies (100) in at least one of the rows (2, 3) comprise at least a first and second retaining device (311, 311.1, 321, 321.1 or 312, 312.1, 322, 322.1) for at least one of the grids (10, 20), wherein the grid for this row preferably comprises a first or further first and a second or further second longitudinal bar (11, 11.1, 21, 21.1 or 12, 12.1, 22, 22.1).
  6. The module (1a, 1b) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one displacement body (100) respectively comprises a plurality of first and/or second retaining devices (311, 311.1, 321, 321.1 or 312, 312.1, 322, 322.1) being adjacently arranged in the longitudinal direction (L), in which the respective first or second longitudinal bar is simultaneously accommodated.
  7. The module (1a, 1b) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that for the optional securing of at least one of the grids (10, 20) in various positions transversely or inclined towards the horizontal the one or the plurality of displacement bodies (100) respectively comprise a plurality of first and/or second retaining devices (311, 311.1, 321, 321.1; 312, 312.1, 322, 322.1; 411, 411.1, 421, 421.1; 412, 412.1, 422, 422.1) which are offset to each other transversely to the longitudinal direction.
  8. The module (1a, 1b) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one of the first and/or second retaining devices (311, 311.1, 321, 321.1; 312, 312.1, 322, 322.1) comprises a nut or groove-like recess running in the longitudinal direction (L) to accommodate one of the first or second longitudinal bars (11, 12, 21, 22), wherein the nut or groove-like recess preferably comprises a contorted, specifically circle segment-shaped cross-sectional profile line.
  9. The module (1a, 1b) according to claim 8, characterised in that the nut or groove-like recess is formed in a web extension on the outer surface of the displacement body (100), which preferably extends transversely to the longitudinal direction (L).
  10. The module (1a, 1b) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one of the first and/or second retaining devices, preferably all retaining devices (311, 311.1, 321, 321.1; 312, 312.1, 322, 322.1; 411, 411.1, 421, 421.1; 412, 412.1, 422, 422.1) is formed as a single piece with the relevant displacement body (100).
  11. The module (1a, 1b) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that with at least one displacement body (100) the at least one second retaining device (412) for the one grid (10) and the at least one second retaining device (422) for the other grid (20) are arranged together such that the interval (D2) between the respectively accommodated second longitudinal bars (12, 22) does not exceed 75 mm, specifically does not exceed 60 mm, preferably does not exceed 50 mm and/or that the at least one first retaining device (311) for the one grid (10) and the at least one first retaining device (321) for the other grid (20) are arranged relative to each other such that the interval (D1) between the respectively accommodated first longitudinal bars (11, 21) is at least 75 mm, at least 150 mm, preferably 185 mm.
  12. The module (1a, 1b) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one of the displacement bodies (100), preferably all displacement bodies (100)
    a. are formed parallel to the longitudinal direction (L) relative to a vertical level and/or mirror-symmetrically relative to a horizontal level; and/or
    b. is made of plastic, is formed specifically as a plastic injection moulded part; and/or
    c. consists of two identical half-body elements, specifically two identical half-shell elements.
  13. The module (1a, 1b) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that each at least one transverse bar (13; 23) extends between each two adjacent displacement bodies (100) in a row (2, 3) at least sectionally and/or that each displacement body (100) in the longitudinal direction (L) is arranged between each two transverse bars (13; 23), which preferably abut against the displacement body (100), preferably such that the transverse bars (13; 23) secure the displacement body (100) against adjustment along the longitudinal direction (L) and to the side.
  14. A concrete part, specifically a concrete ceiling, using at least one module (1a, 1b) according to any of the preceding claims.
EP15405004.1A 2015-01-16 2015-01-16 Module for producing concrete elements Active EP3045605B1 (en)

Priority Applications (29)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES15405004T ES2760511T3 (en) 2015-01-16 2015-01-16 Module for the manufacture of concrete elements
HUE15405004A HUE046473T2 (en) 2015-01-16 2015-01-16 Module for producing concrete elements
RS20191558A RS59635B1 (en) 2015-01-16 2015-01-16 Module for producing concrete elements
PT154050041T PT3045605T (en) 2015-01-16 2015-01-16 Module for producing concrete elements
SI201531014T SI3045605T1 (en) 2015-01-16 2015-01-16 Module for producing concrete elements
DK15405004T DK3045605T3 (en) 2015-01-16 2015-01-16 MODULE FOR MANUFACTURING CONCRETE ELEMENTS
PL15405004T PL3045605T3 (en) 2015-01-16 2015-01-16 Module for producing concrete elements
EP15405004.1A EP3045605B1 (en) 2015-01-16 2015-01-16 Module for producing concrete elements
AU2016208057A AU2016208057B2 (en) 2015-01-16 2016-01-14 Module for the production of concrete parts, displacement body, use of a grid for the production of a module and concrete part
RU2017128001A RU2700353C2 (en) 2015-01-16 2016-01-14 Module for making concrete articles, hollow-core device, use of grid for making module and concrete article
ES16700593T ES2758361T3 (en) 2015-01-16 2016-01-14 Concrete roof
US15/543,370 US10196819B2 (en) 2015-01-16 2016-01-14 Module for the production of concrete parts, displacement body, use of a grid for the production of a module and concrete part
MEP-2019-335A ME03554B (en) 2015-01-16 2016-01-14 Concrete slab
CN201680006008.6A CN107567526B (en) 2015-01-16 2016-01-14 Module for producing concrete parts, displacement body and use of a grid for producing modules and concrete parts
CA2971518A CA2971518C (en) 2015-01-16 2016-01-14 Module for the production of concrete parts, displacement body, use of a grid for the production of a module and concrete part
PL16700593T PL3245346T3 (en) 2015-01-16 2016-01-14 Concrete slab
PCT/EP2016/050611 WO2016113326A1 (en) 2015-01-16 2016-01-14 Module for the production of concrete parts, displacement body, use of a grid for the production of a module and concrete part
HUE16700593A HUE046447T2 (en) 2015-01-16 2016-01-14 Concrete slab
SI201630523T SI3245346T1 (en) 2015-01-16 2016-01-14 Concrete slab
RS20191515A RS59610B1 (en) 2015-01-16 2016-01-14 Concrete slab
EP16700593.3A EP3245346B1 (en) 2015-01-16 2016-01-14 Concrete slab
DK16700593T DK3245346T3 (en) 2015-01-16 2016-01-14 concrete cover
PT167005933T PT3245346T (en) 2015-01-16 2016-01-14 Concrete slab
CL2017001804A CL2017001804A1 (en) 2015-01-16 2017-07-11 Module for the production of concrete parts, displacement body, use of a network for the production of a module and concrete part.
GT201700159A GT201700159A (en) 2015-01-16 2017-07-14 MODULE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CONCRETE PIECES, DISPLACEMENT ELEMENT, USE OF GRID FOR THE PRODUCTION OF THE CONCRETE MODULE AND PIECE
HRP20192116TT HRP20192116T1 (en) 2015-01-16 2019-11-26 Concrete slab
CY20191101253T CY1122622T1 (en) 2015-01-16 2019-11-28 CONCRETE ROOF
HRP20192158TT HRP20192158T1 (en) 2015-01-16 2019-11-29 Module for producing concrete elements
CY20191101272T CY1122536T1 (en) 2015-01-16 2019-12-04 ELEMENT FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF CONCRETE ELEMENTS

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15405004.1A EP3045605B1 (en) 2015-01-16 2015-01-16 Module for producing concrete elements

Publications (2)

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EP3045605A1 EP3045605A1 (en) 2016-07-20
EP3045605B1 true EP3045605B1 (en) 2019-09-04

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EP15405004.1A Active EP3045605B1 (en) 2015-01-16 2015-01-16 Module for producing concrete elements
EP16700593.3A Active EP3245346B1 (en) 2015-01-16 2016-01-14 Concrete slab

Family Applications After (1)

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EP16700593.3A Active EP3245346B1 (en) 2015-01-16 2016-01-14 Concrete slab

Country Status (19)

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US (1) US10196819B2 (en)
EP (2) EP3045605B1 (en)
CN (1) CN107567526B (en)
AU (1) AU2016208057B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2971518C (en)
CL (1) CL2017001804A1 (en)
CY (2) CY1122622T1 (en)
DK (2) DK3045605T3 (en)
ES (2) ES2760511T3 (en)
GT (1) GT201700159A (en)
HR (2) HRP20192116T1 (en)
HU (2) HUE046473T2 (en)
ME (1) ME03554B (en)
PL (2) PL3045605T3 (en)
PT (2) PT3045605T (en)
RS (2) RS59635B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2700353C2 (en)
SI (2) SI3045605T1 (en)
WO (1) WO2016113326A1 (en)

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RU2734398C1 (en) * 2019-08-14 2020-10-15 Николай Васильевич Сапожников Implantation of voids in monolithic reinforced concrete, method and devices
RU195430U1 (en) * 2019-10-29 2020-01-28 Акционерное общество "ДЖИТЕХ" VALVE ELEMENT
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SI3245346T1 (en) 2020-02-28
CA2971518C (en) 2023-05-02
US10196819B2 (en) 2019-02-05
CN107567526A (en) 2018-01-09
RU2700353C2 (en) 2019-09-16
AU2016208057A1 (en) 2017-07-20
RU2017128001A (en) 2019-02-18
RS59610B1 (en) 2020-01-31
PL3045605T3 (en) 2020-03-31
EP3045605A1 (en) 2016-07-20
CA2971518A1 (en) 2016-07-21
CY1122536T1 (en) 2021-01-27
HUE046447T2 (en) 2020-03-30
RU2017128001A3 (en) 2019-07-17
PL3245346T3 (en) 2020-02-28
CY1122622T1 (en) 2021-03-12
HUE046473T2 (en) 2020-03-30
EP3245346B1 (en) 2019-08-28
EP3245346A1 (en) 2017-11-22
HRP20192158T1 (en) 2020-02-21
WO2016113326A1 (en) 2016-07-21
PT3045605T (en) 2019-12-16
ES2760511T3 (en) 2020-05-14
AU2016208057B2 (en) 2021-04-15
ES2758361T3 (en) 2020-05-05
US20180002930A1 (en) 2018-01-04
CL2017001804A1 (en) 2018-02-16
HRP20192116T1 (en) 2020-02-21
GT201700159A (en) 2019-06-26
ME03554B (en) 2020-07-20
RS59635B1 (en) 2020-01-31
DK3245346T3 (en) 2019-12-02
CN107567526B (en) 2020-09-04
SI3045605T1 (en) 2020-01-31
PT3245346T (en) 2019-12-09
DK3045605T3 (en) 2019-12-09

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