EP3029336A1 - Blade of a fan wheel, fan wheel and axial fan - Google Patents
Blade of a fan wheel, fan wheel and axial fan Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3029336A1 EP3029336A1 EP15189976.2A EP15189976A EP3029336A1 EP 3029336 A1 EP3029336 A1 EP 3029336A1 EP 15189976 A EP15189976 A EP 15189976A EP 3029336 A1 EP3029336 A1 EP 3029336A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- blade
- projection
- fan wheel
- outer edge
- radial outer
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
- F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
- F04D29/38—Blades
- F04D29/384—Blades characterised by form
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
- F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
- F04D29/325—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps for axial flow fans
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
- F04D29/661—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/666—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps by means of rotor construction or layout, e.g. unequal distribution of blades or vanes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/20—Rotors
- F05D2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
- F05D2240/301—Cross-sectional characteristics
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/20—Rotors
- F05D2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
- F05D2240/303—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor related to the leading edge of a rotor blade
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/20—Rotors
- F05D2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
- F05D2240/307—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor related to the tip of a rotor blade
Definitions
- the invention relates to a blade of a fan wheel, a fan wheel of an axial fan and an axial fan with such a fan wheel.
- the inflow of the air influences the noise of the Ventillatorrades in operation. Especially shortly before stalling, flow disturbances can lead to high turbulence and interaction with the blade leading edges. In addition to the unwanted noise, the turbulences also have a negative effect on the efficiency, especially in the upper pressure range.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a blade construction, a fan wheel for an axial fan and an axial fan, which show improved noise behavior, especially in the upper pressure range at the same time higher efficiency and are less susceptible to Albertanströmungen.
- a blade for a fan wheel is first proposed to solve the problem, which has a pressure-side, radially outwardly extending blade leading edge and a radial outer edge, wherein a transition from the radially outer edge to the blade leading edge with a circumferentially extending projection relative to the adjacent, is formed radially outwardly extending blade leading edge, so that the blade edge width increases in a projection having radial outer edge portion locally limited to the projection, wherein a transition from the radially outer edge portion to a radially inner portion of the respective blade is formed fluent.
- a fan wheel of an axial fan is proposed to solve the further object, having a plurality of blades described above.
- the radially outer edge portion is defined as a radially outer portion of the respective blade lying portion in the extension of which the projection is formed in the circumferential direction. In the radial direction, the radial outer edge portion is bounded on the outside by the radial outer edge of the respective blade.
- the blade edge width is defined as the blade width in the circumferential direction at an imaginary edge before, seen in the radial direction, the radial outer edge portion having the projection begins. The blade leading edges extend radially outwardly to the radially outward edge portion before passing into the projection located in the radially outer edge portion.
- the noise is reduced in the high pressure range, especially in the gap area in an application with fan and fixed wall ring.
- the projection on the individual blades is each nose-shaped as an extension of the radial outer edge portion and projects in the direction of rotation of the blade relative to the respective adjacent, radially outwardly extending, pressure-side blade leading edges in the circumferential direction.
- the projection is the element which introduces the air engagement and the flow to the blade. The flow along the blade and in particular along the radially outer edge portion is significantly influenced by the projection.
- the shape of the projection is also advantageous that it is oval in cross-section, more preferably elliptical.
- the wider section of the oval or elliptical cross section in this case preferably points in the direction of Axialradkarmays, ie along the blade leading edges to the center.
- the projection tapers in the circumferential direction and is substantially hemispherical in shape, so that the hemisphere head ensures the foremost flow engagement of the respective blade.
- the projection protrudes in the circumferential direction over a length of 1-20%, in particular 1-10%, more preferably 5-10% of the blade edge width from the adjacent blade leading edge.
- the blade edge width is measured as described above at the imaginary edge to the radially outer, the projection having region.
- the length of the projection can then be determined in dependence thereon. Thus, it is sufficient even a small length of the projection in the circumferential direction relative to the adjacent blade edge width in order to achieve the advantageous effects.
- the noise generation and efficiency increase are further promoted by the fact that the blades are formed in the respective radial outer edge portion in the front portion adjacent to the blade leading edges with a thickening, i. are formed thicker in the axial direction.
- a thickening is the rear portion of the blades, which adjoins the blade trailing edges and has an unchanged standard thickness. It is thus provided that the blades in the front section have an axial thickness which is greater than an axial thickness in the rear section adjoining the blade trailing edges. The transition of the change in thickness from front section to rear section is flowing.
- the radial outer edge portion of the fan wheel in the radial direction has a length of 5%, more preferably of 2.5% of the radius of the fan wheel. It follows that only the radial outermost region of the blades is geometrically adjusted with the thickening and the projection.
- the extent of the thickening in the circumferential direction is also defined geometrically. It is advantageous if the axially thickened front portion has a width in the circumferential direction, which corresponds to 50%, more preferably up to 70% of the blade edge width. The thickening decreases substantially steadily from the front section towards the rear section.
- the rear portion itself can be formed just with constant thickness.
- the fan wheel according to the invention is provided in a further embodiment that along the axial outer edge of the respective blade in the axial direction with a predetermined angle of attack bent winglet is formed, the course passes in the circumferential direction in the projection.
- the basic use of winglets on blades is known, but according to the invention, the winglet acts by a one-piece design with the projection and the thickening together and promotes noise reduction and efficiency.
- the angle of attack of the winglet with respect to an adjacent plane determined by the blade surface is lower in the front section or in the region of the projection than in the rear section.
- the invention also includes an axial fan having a stationary wall ring within which a fan wheel described above rotates.
- the embodiments of the fan wheel according to the invention are particularly effective Positive when used with wall ring, since particularly strong turbulence occur in the gap area between wall ring and fan wheel.
- FIG. 1 1 shows a plan view of a fan wheel 1 of an axial fan, which has a plurality of blades 2 extending radially outward from a central hub region, with respective pressure side, radially outwardly extending, curved blade leading edges 3 and blade trailing edges 10 and arcuate radial outer edges 4.
- Each of the blades 2 is identical, so that the description for one blade is identical for all the rest.
- transition 5 from the radial outer edges 4 to the blade leading edges 3 is formed in each case with a circumferentially extending projection 6 with respect to the adjacent, radially outwardly extending blade leading edges 3.
- the projection 5 protrudes beyond an imaginary connecting line K of the outermost radial edge points of the geometrically unchanged blade leading edge 3.
- FIG. 2 shows a detail view X from FIG. 1 ,
- the radial outer edge section 7 is marked adjacent to the radial outer edge 4 of the blade 2, in the extension thereof in the circumferential direction of the projection 6 is formed.
- the blade edge width Sb is defined as the blade width in the circumferential direction at an imaginary edge, before seen in the radial direction of the radially outer edge portion 7 having the projection 6 begins.
- the radial outer edge portion 7 has a length L in the radial direction of 2.5% of the radius of the fan wheel.
- the blade leading edges 3 extend radially outward to the radially outer edge portion 7 before they pass into the lying in the radially outer edge portion 7 projection 6.
- the protruding length 6 of the projection 6 protruding beyond the adjacent blade leading edge 3 corresponds approximately to 6.5% of the blade edge width Sb.
- the projection 6 is designed as a nose-shaped protruding extension of the radial outer edge portion 7 with a substantially hemispherical end.
- FIG. 2 several sections AA to EE marked in the FIGS. 3a-3e are playing.
- FIGS. 3a-3g let recognize the geometric shape of the blade 2 in the radial outer edge portion 7.
- the projection 6 has according to FIG. 3a an elliptical cross section, which merges into the shape of the radially and circumferentially adjacent blade 2.
- a front section 8 is determined; in a region adjoining the blade trailing edges 10, a rear section 9 is determined.
- the areas 8, 9 merge into one another, but the axial thickness D1 in the front section 8 is greater than the axial thickness D2 in the rear section 9 Figures 3c and 3f reproduced with a thickness difference of over 20%.
- the thickening extends circumferentially over a width Bu of 70% of the blade edge width Sb measured from the front blade edge 3.
- FIG. 3g also shown in the radial direction is a thickening in the region of the projection 6 and the adjacent portion.
- a winglet 11 bent in the axial direction with a predetermined angle of attack is integrally formed on the blade 2, as is shown in FIG. 3f can be seen.
- the course of the winglet 11 merges into the projection 6 in the front section 8.
- the angle of attack of the winglet 11 is reduced in the front section 8 and in the region of the projection 6 relative to the rear section 9.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 Figure 12 shows graphs for demonstrating the improved noise and efficiency of the fan wheel 1 over a prior art comparative fan wheel without the features of the present invention. It is in FIG. 4 the comparison of the generated pressure difference, in FIG. 5 the comparison of the difference of the sound power level of the fan wheel according to the invention (line P) over the prior art (line O) shown. It turns out that with the inventive design of the blades 2 according to a FIG. 4 uniform pressure curve is reached, which is in accordance with FIG. 5 reflected in a reduced sound level.
- FIG. 6 shows an example of the application of the fan wheel 1 from FIG. 1 with a wall ring 20, wherein between the wall ring 20 and the fan wheel 1, a circumferential gap 21 remains, which contributes especially to the increased noise.
- this is with the use of the fan 1 from FIG. 1 in the in FIG. 4 and 5 shown reduced accordingly.
- the invention is not limited in its execution to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments. Rather, a number of variants is conceivable, which makes use of the illustrated solution even with fundamentally different types of use.
- the shape of the blades can be made variable.
- the previously chosen orientations, e.g. "in the circumferential direction”, are then transferred accordingly to the shape of the blades.
- an extension would not result "in the circumferential direction” but "in the direction of the radial blade outer edge”.
- the solution according to the invention remains unchanged.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft insbesondere ein Ventilatorrad eines Axialventilators, das mehrere Schaufeln mit jeweils druckseitigen, sich radial auswärts erstreckenden Schaufelvorderkanten und radialen Außenkanten aufweist, wobei ein Übergang von den radialen Außenkanten zu den Schaufelvorderkanten jeweils mit einem sich in Umfangsrichtung erstreckenden Vorsprung gegenüber den angrenzenden, sich radial auswärts erstreckenden Schaufelvorderkanten gebildet ist, wobei ein Übergang von dem radialen Außenrandabschnitt (7) zu einem radial weiter innen liegenden Bereich der jeweiligen Schaufel fließend ausgebildet ist.More particularly, the invention relates to a fan impeller of an axial fan having a plurality of blades each having pressure side, radially outwardly extending blade leading edges and radially outer edges, a transition from the radially outer edges to the blade leading edges each having a circumferentially extending projection opposite the adjacent ones outwardly extending blade leading edges, wherein a transition from the radially outer edge portion (7) to a radially inner portion of the respective blade is formed fluent.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schaufel eines Ventilatorrades, ein Ventilatorrad eines Axialventilators sowie einen Axialventilator mit einem derartigen Ventilatorrad.The invention relates to a blade of a fan wheel, a fan wheel of an axial fan and an axial fan with such a fan wheel.
Bei Ventilatorrädern von Axialventilatoren, insbesondere bei Ausführungen mit Wandring liegt bekanntermaßen die Hauptgeräuschquelle im radialen Außenrandbereich der Schaufeln, da hier die Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten sehr hoch sind. Bei einer Ausführung mit Wandring ist zwischen den radialen Schaufelenden des Ventilatorrads und dem Wandring ein kleiner Spalt vorgesehen, in dessen Bereich es aufgrund hoher Turbulenzen ebenfalls leicht zu einer erhöhten Geräuschbildung kommt.In fan wheels of axial fans, especially in versions with wall ring is known to be the main noise source in the radial outer edge region of the blades, since the flow rates are very high. In a version with a wall ring, a small gap is provided between the radial blade ends of the fan wheel and the wall ring, in its region it is also light due to high turbulence to increased noise.
Ferner beeinflusst die Zuströmsituation der Luft die Geräuschentwicklung des Ventillatorrades im Betrieb. Insbesondere kurz vor dem Strömungsabriss können Störungen der Strömung zu hoher Turbulenz und einer Interaktion mit den Schaufelvorderkanten führen. Neben den unerwünschten Geräuschen wirken sich die Turbulenzen insbesondere im oberen Druckbereich auch negativ auf den Wirkungsgrad aus.Furthermore, the inflow of the air influences the noise of the Ventillatorrades in operation. Especially shortly before stalling, flow disturbances can lead to high turbulence and interaction with the blade leading edges. In addition to the unwanted noise, the turbulences also have a negative effect on the efficiency, especially in the upper pressure range.
Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Schaufelkonstruktion, ein Ventilatorrad für einen Axialventilator und einen Axialventilator bereit zu stellen, die ein verbesserter Geräuschverhalten insbesondere im oberen Druckbereich bei gleichzeitig höherer Effizienz zeigen und gegenüber Fehlanströmungen unempfindlicher sind.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a blade construction, a fan wheel for an axial fan and an axial fan, which show improved noise behavior, especially in the upper pressure range at the same time higher efficiency and are less susceptible to Fehlanströmungen.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmalskombinationen gemäß der Patentansprüche 1, 2 und 15 gelöst.This object is achieved by the combination of features according to
Erfindungsgemäß wird zur Lösung der Aufgabe zunächst eine Schaufel für ein Ventilatorrad vorgeschlagen, das eine druckseitige, sich radial auswärts erstreckende Schaufelvorderkante und eine radiale Außenkante aufweist, wobei ein Übergang von der radialen Außenkante zu der Schaufelvorderkante mit einem sich in Umfangsrichtung erstreckenden Vorsprung gegenüber der angrenzenden, sich radial auswärts erstreckenden Schaufelvorderkante gebildet ist, so dass sich die Schaufelrandbreite in einem den Vorsprung aufweisenden radialen Außenrandabschnitt lokal begrenzt um den Vorsprung vergrößert, wobei ein Übergang von dem radialen Außenrandabschnitt zu einem radial weiter innen liegenden Bereich der jeweiligen Schaufel fließend ausgebildet ist.According to the invention, a blade for a fan wheel is first proposed to solve the problem, which has a pressure-side, radially outwardly extending blade leading edge and a radial outer edge, wherein a transition from the radially outer edge to the blade leading edge with a circumferentially extending projection relative to the adjacent, is formed radially outwardly extending blade leading edge, so that the blade edge width increases in a projection having radial outer edge portion locally limited to the projection, wherein a transition from the radially outer edge portion to a radially inner portion of the respective blade is formed fluent.
Erfindungsgemäß wird zur Lösung der weiteren Aufgabe ein Ventilatorrad eines Axialventilators vorgeschlagen, das mehrere vorstehend beschriebene Schaufeln aufweist. Im Folgenden werden Weiterbildungen des Ventilatorrades beschrieben, die explizit auch für jede Ausbildung der Schaufeln allein, d.h. unabhängig von dem Ventilatorrad gelten, um eine Ausbildung gemäß Patentanspruch 1 weiterzubilden.According to the invention, a fan wheel of an axial fan is proposed to solve the further object, having a plurality of blades described above. Below are developments of the fan wheel described, which apply explicitly for each formation of the blades alone, ie independently of the fan wheel to develop a training according to
Der radiale Außenrandabschnitt ist definiert als radial im Außenbereich der jeweiligen Schaufel liegender Abschnitt, in dessen Verlängerung in Umfangsrichtung der Vorsprung ausgebildet ist. In radialer Richtung wird der radiale Außenrandabschnitt außenseitig von der radialen Außenkante der jeweiligen Schaufel begrenzt. Die Schaufelrandbreite ist definiert als die Schaufelbreite in Umfangsrichtung an einem gedachten Rand, bevor in radialer Richtung gesehen der den Vorsprung aufweisende radiale Außenrandabschnitt beginnt. Die Schaufelvorderkanten erstrecken sich radial auswärts bis zum radialen Außenrandabschnitt bevor sie in den im radialen Außenrandabschnitt liegenden Vorsprung übergehen.The radially outer edge portion is defined as a radially outer portion of the respective blade lying portion in the extension of which the projection is formed in the circumferential direction. In the radial direction, the radial outer edge portion is bounded on the outside by the radial outer edge of the respective blade. The blade edge width is defined as the blade width in the circumferential direction at an imaginary edge before, seen in the radial direction, the radial outer edge portion having the projection begins. The blade leading edges extend radially outwardly to the radially outward edge portion before passing into the projection located in the radially outer edge portion.
Durch die besondere geometrische Ausgestaltung des radialen Außenrandes der Schaufeln im Übergang zu der jeweiligen Schaufelvorderkante mit einem Vorsprung, verringert sich die Geräuschbildung im hohen Druckbereich, insbesondere auch im Spaltbereich bei einer Anwendung mit Ventilatorrad und feststehendem Wandring.Due to the special geometric design of the radial outer edge of the blades in the transition to the respective blade leading edge with a projection, the noise is reduced in the high pressure range, especially in the gap area in an application with fan and fixed wall ring.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausführung ist der Vorsprung an den einzelnen Schaufeln jeweils nasenförmig als Verlängerung des radialen Außenrandabschnitts ausgebildet und steht in die Drehrichtung der Schaufel gegenüber der jeweils angrenzenden, sich radial auswärts erstreckenden, druckseitigen Schaufelvorderkanten in Umfangsrichtung hervor. Dadurch ist der Vorsprung das den Lufteingriff und die Strömung zur Schaufel einleitende Element. Die Strömung entlang der Schaufel und insbesondere entlang des radialen Außenrandabschnitts wird maßgeblich von dem Vorsprung beeinflusst.In an advantageous embodiment, the projection on the individual blades is each nose-shaped as an extension of the radial outer edge portion and projects in the direction of rotation of the blade relative to the respective adjacent, radially outwardly extending, pressure-side blade leading edges in the circumferential direction. As a result, the projection is the element which introduces the air engagement and the flow to the blade. The flow along the blade and in particular along the radially outer edge portion is significantly influenced by the projection.
Bezüglich der Form des Vorsprungs ist weiter vorteilhaft, dass er im Querschnitt oval, weiter bevorzugt elliptisch ausgebildet ist. Der breitere Abschnitt des ovalen bzw. elliptischen Querschnitts weist dabei vorzugsweise in Richtung des Axialradmittelpunktes, d.h. entlang der Schaufelvorderkanten zur Mitte. Ferner ist in einer Ausführungsvariante vorgesehen, dass sich der Vorsprung in Umfangsrichtung gesehen verjüngt und im Wesentlichen halbkugelförmig ausgebildet ist, so dass der Halbkugelkopf den vordersten Strömungseingriff der jeweiligen Schaufel gewährleistet.With respect to the shape of the projection is also advantageous that it is oval in cross-section, more preferably elliptical. The wider section of the oval or elliptical cross section in this case preferably points in the direction of Axialradmittelpunktes, ie along the blade leading edges to the center. Furthermore, it is provided in a variant embodiment that the projection tapers in the circumferential direction and is substantially hemispherical in shape, so that the hemisphere head ensures the foremost flow engagement of the respective blade.
In einer Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass der Vorsprung in Umfangsrichtung über eine Länge von 1 - 20%, insbesondere 1 - 10%, weiter bevorzugt 5 - 10% der Schaufelrandbreite von der angrenzenden Schaufelvorderkante hervorsteht. Die Schaufelrandbreite wird wie oben beschrieben am gedachten Rand zum radial äußeren, den Vorsprung aufweisenden Bereich gemessen. Die Länge des Vorsprungs kann dann in Abhängigkeit hierzu bestimmt werden. Es reicht mithin bereits eine geringe Länge des Vorsprungs in Umfangsrichtung relativ zur angrenzenden Schaufelrandbreite, um die vorteilhaften Effekte zu erzielen.In an embodiment variant of the invention, it is provided that the projection protrudes in the circumferential direction over a length of 1-20%, in particular 1-10%, more preferably 5-10% of the blade edge width from the adjacent blade leading edge. The blade edge width is measured as described above at the imaginary edge to the radially outer, the projection having region. The length of the projection can then be determined in dependence thereon. Thus, it is sufficient even a small length of the projection in the circumferential direction relative to the adjacent blade edge width in order to achieve the advantageous effects.
Neben der Verwendung des Vorsprungs werden die Geräuschbildung und Effizienzsteigerung ferner dadurch begünstigt, dass die Schaufeln in dem jeweiligen radialen Außenrandabschnitt in dem an die Schaufelvorderkanten angrenzenden Vorderabschnitt mit einer Verdickung ausgebildet sind, d.h. in axialer Richtung dicker ausgebildet sind. Als Bezugsgröße zum Vergleich der Verdickung dient der Hinterabschnitt der Schaufeln, der an die Schaufelhinterkanten angrenzt und eine unveränderte Standarddicke aufweist. Es ist somit vorgesehen, dass die Schaufeln im Vorderabschnitt eine axiale Dicke aufweisen, die größer ist als eine axiale Dicke im an die Schaufelhinterkanten angrenzenden Hinterabschnitt. Der Übergang der Dickenänderung von Vorderabschnitt zu Hinterabschnitt ist dabei fließend.In addition to the use of the projection, the noise generation and efficiency increase are further promoted by the fact that the blades are formed in the respective radial outer edge portion in the front portion adjacent to the blade leading edges with a thickening, i. are formed thicker in the axial direction. As a reference for comparing the thickening is the rear portion of the blades, which adjoins the blade trailing edges and has an unchanged standard thickness. It is thus provided that the blades in the front section have an axial thickness which is greater than an axial thickness in the rear section adjoining the blade trailing edges. The transition of the change in thickness from front section to rear section is flowing.
Günstig ist ferner, wenn der radiale Außenrandabschnitt des Ventilatorrades in radialer Richtung eine Länge von 5%, weiter bevorzugt von 2,5 % des Radius des Ventilatorrades aufweist. Daraus ergibt sich, dass lediglich der radial äußerste Bereich der Schaufeln geometrisch mit der Verdickung und dem Vorsprung angepasst ist.It is also advantageous if the radial outer edge portion of the fan wheel in the radial direction has a length of 5%, more preferably of 2.5% of the radius of the fan wheel. It follows that only the radial outermost region of the blades is geometrically adjusted with the thickening and the projection.
Die Erstreckung der Verdickung in Umfangsrichtung ist ebenfalls geometrisch definiert. Dabei ist vorteilhaft, wenn der axial aufgedickte Vorderabschnitt eine Breite in Umfangsrichtung aufweist, die 50%, weiter bevorzugt bis zu 70% der Schaufelrandbreite entspricht. Die Verdickung nimmt von dem Vorderabschnitt in Richtung Hinterabschnitt im Wesentlichen stetig ab. Der Hinterabschnitt selbst kann eben mit konstanter Dicke ausgebildet sein.The extent of the thickening in the circumferential direction is also defined geometrically. It is advantageous if the axially thickened front portion has a width in the circumferential direction, which corresponds to 50%, more preferably up to 70% of the blade edge width. The thickening decreases substantially steadily from the front section towards the rear section. The rear portion itself can be formed just with constant thickness.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Ventilatorrad ist in einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel vorgesehen, dass entlang der axialen Außenkante der jeweiligen Schaufel ein in axialer Richtung mit einem vorbestimmten Anstellwinkel gebogenes Winglet ausgebildet ist, dessen Verlauf in Umfangsrichtung in den Vorsprung übergeht. Die grundsätzliche Verwendung von Winglets an Schaufeln ist bekannt, jedoch wirkt erfindungsgemäß das Winglet durch eine einstückige Ausbildung mit dem Vorsprung und der Aufdickung zusammen und fördert die Geräuschreduzierung und Effizienzsteigerung.In the fan wheel according to the invention is provided in a further embodiment that along the axial outer edge of the respective blade in the axial direction with a predetermined angle of attack bent winglet is formed, the course passes in the circumferential direction in the projection. The basic use of winglets on blades is known, but according to the invention, the winglet acts by a one-piece design with the projection and the thickening together and promotes noise reduction and efficiency.
In einer Weiterentwicklung ist der Anstellwinkel des Winglets gegenüber einer angrenzenden, durch die Schaufeloberfläche bestimmten Ebene im Vorderabschnitt beziehungsweise im Bereich des Vorsprungs geringer als in dem Hinterabschnitt. Dadurch wird die Strömung im druckseitigen radial äußeren Bereich der Schaufelvorderkante zunächst wesentlich durch die geometrische Anpassung mittels Vorsprung und Aufdickung, im in Strömungsrichtung nachfolgenden Bereich der Schaufeln zunehmend durch das Winglet beeinflusst.In a further development, the angle of attack of the winglet with respect to an adjacent plane determined by the blade surface is lower in the front section or in the region of the projection than in the rear section. As a result, the flow in the pressure-side radially outer region of the blade leading edge is initially influenced substantially by the geometric adaptation by means of projection and thickening, in the region of the blades following in the flow direction increasingly by the winglet.
Die Erfindung umfasst auch einen Axialventilator mit einem feststehenden Wandring, innerhalb dessen ein oben beschriebenes Ventilatorrad rotiert. Die erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungen des Ventilatorades wirken sich besonders positiv bei einer Verwendung mit Wandring aus, da im Spaltbereich zwischen Wandring und Ventilatorrad besonders starke Turbulenzen auftreten.The invention also includes an axial fan having a stationary wall ring within which a fan wheel described above rotates. The embodiments of the fan wheel according to the invention are particularly effective Positive when used with wall ring, since particularly strong turbulence occur in the gap area between wall ring and fan wheel.
Sämtliche dargelegten Merkmale der einzelnen Ausführungsvarianten sind frei kombinierbar, soweit dies technisch möglich ist. Andere vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet bzw. werden nachstehend zusammen mit der Beschreibung der bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung anhand der Figuren näher dargestellt. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine Draufsicht auf ein Ventilatorrad,
- Fig. 2
- eine Detailansicht X aus
,Figur 1 - Fig. 3a-3g
- Schnittansichten des Ventilatorrades aus
,Figur 1 - Fig. 4
- ein Diagramm zum Vergleich des erzeugten Druckunterschieds des erfindungsgemäßen Ventilatorrades gegenüber dem Stand der Technik,
- Fig. 5
- ein Diagramm zum Vergleich des Unterschieds des Schalleistungspegels des erfindungsgemäßen Ventilatorrades gegenüber dem Stand der Technik,
- Fig. 6
- einen Axialventilator mit Ventilatorrad und Wandring.
- Fig. 1
- a top view of a fan wheel,
- Fig. 2
- a detailed view of X from
FIG. 1 . - Fig. 3a-3g
- Section views of the fan wheel off
FIG. 1 . - Fig. 4
- a diagram for comparing the generated pressure difference of the fan wheel according to the invention over the prior art,
- Fig. 5
- a diagram for comparing the difference of the sound power level of the fan wheel according to the invention over the prior art,
- Fig. 6
- an axial fan with fan wheel and wall ring.
Der Übergang 5 von den radialen Außenkanten 4 zu den Schaufelvorderkanten 3 ist jeweils mit einem sich in Umfangsrichtung erstreckenden Vorsprung 6 gegenüber den angrenzenden, sich radial auswärts erstreckenden Schaufelvorderkanten 3 gebildet. Der Vorsprung 5 steht dabei jeweils über eine gedachte Verbindungslinie K der äußersten radialen Randpunkte der geometrisch unveränderten Schaufelvorderkante 3 hervor.The
Die Schaufelvorderkanten 3 erstrecken sich radial auswärts bis zum radialen Außenrandabschnitt 7, bevor sie in den im radialen Außenrandabschnitt 7 liegenden Vorsprung 6 übergehen. Durch den Vorsprung 6 wird die Schaufelrandbreite Sb in dem den Vorsprung 6 aufweisenden radialen Außenrandabschnitt 7 lokal begrenzt um den Vorsprung 6 erweitert, so dass der radiale Außenrandabschnitt 7 eine Breite Sb zuzüglich der Länge des Vorsprungs 6 aufweist. Die gegenüber der angrenzenden Schaufelvorderkante 3 überstehende Länge des Vorsprungs 6 in Umfangsrichtung entspricht in der gezeigten Ausführung in etwa 6,5% der Schaufelrandbreite Sb. Der Vorsprung 6 ist dabei als nasenförmige vorstehende Verlängerung des radialen Außenrandabschnitts 7 mit im Wesentlichen halbkugelköpfigem Abschluss ausgebildet. In Umfangsrichtung sind in
Die Schnitte der
In einem an die Schaufelvorderkanten 3 angrenzenden Bereich ist ein Vorderabschnitt 8, in einem an die Schaufelhinterkanten 10 angrenzenden Bereich ein Hinterabschnitt 9 bestimmt. Die Bereiche 8, 9 gehen fließend ineinander über, jedoch ist die axiale Dicke D1 im Vorderabschnitt 8 größer als die axiale Dicke D2 im Hinterabschnitt 9. Beispielhaft ist dies in den
Entlang der axialen Außenkante 4 der Schaufel 2 ist ein in axialer Richtung mit einem vorbestimmten Anstellwinkel gebogenes Winglet 11 einstückig an der Schaufel 2 ausgebildet, wie es beispielsweise in
Die
Die Erfindung beschränkt sich in ihrer Ausführung nicht auf die vorstehend angegebenen bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiele. Vielmehr ist eine Anzahl von Varianten denkbar, welche von der dargestellten Lösung auch bei grundsätzlich anders gearteten Ausführungen Gebrauch macht. Beispielsweise kann die Form der Schaufeln variabel gestaltet werden. Die vorstehend gewählten Ausrichtungen, wie z.B. "in Umfangsrichtung", sind dann entsprechend auf die Form der Schaufeln zu übertragen. Bei geraden radialen Außenkanten der Schaufeln ergäbe sich in dem beispielhaft genannten Fall eine Erstreckung nicht "in Umfangsrichtung", sondern "in Richtung der radialen Schaufelaußenkante". Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung bleibt jedoch unverändert.The invention is not limited in its execution to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments. Rather, a number of variants is conceivable, which makes use of the illustrated solution even with fundamentally different types of use. For example, the shape of the blades can be made variable. The previously chosen orientations, e.g. "in the circumferential direction", are then transferred accordingly to the shape of the blades. With straight radial outer edges of the blades, in the example mentioned, an extension would not result "in the circumferential direction" but "in the direction of the radial blade outer edge". However, the solution according to the invention remains unchanged.
Claims (14)
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DE102014117795 | 2014-12-03 | ||
DE102015100767.3A DE102015100767A1 (en) | 2014-12-03 | 2015-01-20 | Blade of a fan wheel, fan wheel and axial fan |
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EP3029336A1 true EP3029336A1 (en) | 2016-06-08 |
EP3029336B1 EP3029336B1 (en) | 2018-02-28 |
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Cited By (2)
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CN106837867A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-06-13 | 浙江理工大学 | Axial flow blower 3 d impeller with leaf vein texture and splitterr vanes |
EP3705727A1 (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2020-09-09 | ebm-papst Mulfingen GmbH & Co. KG | Fan wheel of an axial fan |
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US11371517B2 (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2022-06-28 | Regal Beloit America, Inc. | Hub inlet surface for an electric motor assembly |
USD952830S1 (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2022-05-24 | Regal Beloit America, Inc. | Fan shroud |
USD938011S1 (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2021-12-07 | Regal Beloit America, Inc. | Fan blade |
USD938010S1 (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2021-12-07 | Regal Beloit America, Inc. | Fan hub |
US11555508B2 (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2023-01-17 | Regal Beloit America, Inc. | Fan shroud for an electric motor assembly |
USD938009S1 (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2021-12-07 | Regal Beloit America, Inc. | Fan hub |
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