EP3019758B1 - Gas turbine combustion chamber with reversible fastening device for thermoinsulating tiles - Google Patents
Gas turbine combustion chamber with reversible fastening device for thermoinsulating tiles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3019758B1 EP3019758B1 EP14755154.3A EP14755154A EP3019758B1 EP 3019758 B1 EP3019758 B1 EP 3019758B1 EP 14755154 A EP14755154 A EP 14755154A EP 3019758 B1 EP3019758 B1 EP 3019758B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bushing
- combustion chamber
- locking
- locking seat
- supporting body
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/007—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel constructed mainly of ceramic components
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B21/00—Means for preventing relative axial movement of a pin, spigot, shaft or the like and a member surrounding it; Stud-and-socket releasable fastenings
- F16B21/02—Releasable fastening devices locking by rotation
- F16B21/04—Releasable fastening devices locking by rotation with bayonet catch
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
- F16B37/12—Nuts or like thread-engaging members with thread-engaging surfaces formed by inserted coil-springs, discs, or the like; Independent pieces of wound wire used as nuts; Threaded inserts for holes
- F16B37/122—Threaded inserts, e.g. "rampa bolts"
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
- F23M5/04—Supports for linings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
- F23R3/60—Support structures; Attaching or mounting means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for continuous combustion chambers; Combustion processes therefor
- F23R2900/00017—Assembling combustion chamber liners or subparts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gas turbine combustion chamber with reversible fastening device for thermoinsulating tiles.
- inspection, maintenance or repair operations involving bodies connected to each other by means of threaded coupling may have critical aspects under specific conditions, especially when the space available for operators is narrow. For example, if the screw breaks, often extracting the stump is difficult or even impossible and requires a hole to be made and new thread to restore the nut screw.
- a case in which problems are particularly frequent associated with a threaded element breaking and being replaced is the one of gas turbine combustion chambers in energy production power plants.
- a combustion chamber generally comprises a casing, for example toroidal or cylindrical in shape, covered internally by thermoinsulating tiles.
- the tiles are normally connected to the wall of the casing with screw fastening devices.
- the nut screw is carried out in a through hole directly in the wall of the casing and the screw is inserted (or extracted for disassembly) from the inside.
- the screws are made of special alloys that are resistant to hot temperatures, over time they become fragile due to exposure to repeated thermal cycles involving considerable temperature variations. The screws may therefore break with given easiness when the tiles are to be removed due to regular maintenance or for replacing a damaged element.
- Screws breaking which is a relatively frequent phenomenon during the disassembly of the tiles, therefore has a negative impact on the duration of the maintenance intervention times and requires prolonged machine downtimes, with a significant increase in costs.
- EP 2 591 881 A1 discloses a reversible fastening device, which fixes a respective tiles to an inner face of the casing of a gas turbine combustion chamber.
- the reversible fastening device comprises a supporting body, fixed to an outer face of the casing and having a locking seat and an opening for access to the locking seat from the inside of the casing through a wall of the casing; a threaded bushing insertable inside the locking seat to receive a screw through the wall from the inside of the casing; and at least one locking member, for releasably locking the bushing inside the locking seat.
- a gas turbine combustion chamber is provided as defined in claim 1.
- thermoinsulating tiles to the inner wall of the casing of a combustion chamber of a gas turbine.
- a combustion chamber 1 of a gas turbine (not wholly shown) comprises a toroidal casing 2 extending about an axis A and having a first radially outer shell 3 defined by a doughnut-shaped wall, and a second radially inner shell 4 defined by a substantially truncated cone-shaped wall.
- the combustion chamber 1 is provided with a thermoinsulating covering which covers inner faces 3a, 4a of the first shell 3 and of the second shell 4, respectively, and comprises a plurality of thermoinsulating tiles 7.
- the thermoinsulating tiles 7 are arranged in adjacent groups along circumferences about axis A of the combustion chamber 1.
- thermoinsulating tiles 7 are mounted on circumferential guides (not shown) by means of connecting elements 8.
- the connecting elements 8 are shaped so as to couple to retaining portions of respective thermoinsulating tiles 7 and are connected to casing 2 by means of fastening devices 10 through respective through holes 11 obtained in the first shell 3 and in the second shell 4 (see also figure 2 ).
- the fastening device 10 in one embodiment of the invention comprises a bushing 12 and a supporting body 13.
- Bushing 12 is threaded internally and externally and is removably coupled to the supporting body 13.
- the coupling between bushing 12 and the supporting body 13 is a bayonet connection.
- the inner thread 12a ( figures 4, 5 and 7 ) allows a screw 30 ( figure 2 ) to be introduced to lock a respective thermoinsulating tile 7.
- the outer thread 12b ( figures 4, 5 , and 7 ) is opposite to the inner thread 12a and allows the coupling of bushing 12 with an extraction tool 35 with corresponding thread (shown in figure 7 , e.g. in the shape of a socket spanner).
- bushing 12 extends along an axis B, is substantially cylindrical in shape and is provided at one end with locking tabs 14 which radially extend with respect to axis B.
- the locking tabs 14 are substantially circular or elliptical in shape.
- the supporting body 13 is substantially cup-shaped and comprises an annular member 15 and a cover 16 defining together a locking seat 18 shaped to receive and axially lock bushing 12.
- the annular member 15 extends about an axis, which coincides with axis B when the bushing is coupled to the supporting body 13.
- An edge 15a of the annular member 15 is intended in use to be coupled to an outer face 3b of the first shell 3 or to an outer face 4b of the second shell 4 of casing 2.
- the annular member 15 further comprises an inner baffle 20 which extends perpendicular to axis B and has an opening 21 for access to the locking seat 18.
- the profile of opening 21 is complementary to the profile of the end of bushing 12, to allow the insertion and extraction in axial direction.
- the inner baffle 20 delimits the locking seat 18 on one side and in particular has recesses 22 which define a locking position for bushing 12.
- the recesses 22 have a complementary profile with respect to the locking tabs 14, so that the rotation of bushing 12 is prevented once the bushing is put in traction by means of a screw, as explained later.
- cover 16 is arranged to close the annular member 15 and has a cavity which delimits the locking seat 18 one an opposite side to the side delimited by the inner baffle 20 of the annular member 15. As shown in figure 6 , the portion of the locking seat 18 which is inside cover 16 has just as many lobes 18a as there are locking tabs 14 of bushing 12.
- the lobes 18a are shaped so as to allow a rotation of bushing 12 inside the locking seat 18 between an insertion and extraction position, in which the locking tabs 14 are aligned with opening 21 and the bushing is axially sliding, and a locking position (indicated with a broken line in figure 6 ), in which the locking tabs 14 are retained in a dead portion of the locking seat 18 and prevent the extraction of bushing 12.
- the locking position corresponds to the position in which the recesses 22 are arranged of the inner baffle 20 of the annular member 15.
- the lobes 18a are shaped so as to prevent rotations of bushing 12 past the insertion and extraction position and the locking position.
- the portions of the locking seat 18 corresponding to the locking position are delimited by the inner baffle 20, by cover 16 and by the walls of the lobes 18a, and are dead. Furthermore, the dead portion of each lobe 18a is arranged so as to promote the insertion and extraction of bushing 12.
- bushing 12 is internally threaded (inner thread 12a, figures 4, 5 and 7 ) so that screwing a screw 30 ( figure 2 ) inside bushing 12 causes bushing 12 to rotate from the insertion and extraction position to the locking position (that is toward the dead portion of each lobe 18a), and unscrewing screw 30 causes bushing 12 to rotate from the locking position to the insertion and extraction position (that is from the dead portions of the lobes 18a toward the access opening 21 to the locking seat 18).
- the outer thread 12b which is opposite to the inner thread 12a, allows the extraction tool 35 to be tightened on bushing 12 and, by again acting in the tightening direction, a torque to be exerted to rotate bushing 12 from the locking position toward the insertion and extraction position.
- the extraction tool 35 may advantageously be used to force the separation of bushing 12 from the supporting body 13 both in axial direction, and with a rotation toward the insertion and extraction position.
- the high temperatures in the combustion chamber 1 indeed promote the oxidization of the materials of bushing 12 and of the supporting body 13, which may join together. Separating bushing 12 from the supporting body 13 may be difficult in the absence of a simple and at the same time solid connection between bushing 12 and the extraction tool 35, to the point of making the removal of the parts to be replaced almost impossible.
- a hole 25 on the bottom of cover 16 allows the inlet of cooling air from the outside.
- holes 26 passing through the annular member 15 and cover 16 allow the supporting body 13 to be fastened to casing 2 of the combustion chamber 1 by means of screws 27, as shown in figure 2 .
- the supporting body 13 is fastened to the outer face of the wall that defines one from the first shell 3 and the second shell 4 (for the sake of convenience, reference will be made hereinafter to the first shell 3, shown in figure 2 ), in position corresponding to one of the through holes 11.
- edge 15a of the annular member 15 may be welded to casing 2 of the combustion chamber 1.
- the supporting body 13 may be arranged so that bushing 12 is accessible from the side of the fastening surface (that is of the inner surface of casing 2) opposite to the side where the locking seat 18 is. Furthermore, the releasable coupling between bushing 12 and the supporting body 13 allows bushing 12 to be quickly and simply replaced when required, for example when screw 30 breaks.
- Bushing 12 may be easily introduced into the locking seat 18 in insertion and extraction position. As a result of how the inner thread of bushing 12 is made, tightening screw 30 tends to bring bushing 12 toward the locking position, thus avoiding accidental release. As a further tightening effect of screw 30 and of the action of the body that is fastened against the inner surface of casing 2 (that is of one of the connecting elements 8, in the embodiment described), bushing 12 is put in traction and the locking tabs 14 are received in the recesses 22 of the inner baffle 20, thus preventing further rotations.
- the bushing may be easily extracted and replaced.
- the operation for restoring an unserviceable threaded seat is therefore highly simplified due to the fastening device 10, and does not require any radical interventions (drilling and new thread) on the wall. Restoring the original conditions of the combustion chamber by replacing bushing 12 may be easily done by a single operator and also when little space is available.
- the supporting body is fixed to an outer face of the casing 2 of the combustion chamber 1 and therefore is exposed to moderate thermal stresses.
- Figures 8 to 11 show a different embodiment of the invention.
- the fastening device 100 comprises a bushing 112 and a supporting body 113.
- Bushing 112 is threaded internally and externally and is removably bayonet-connected to the supporting body 113.
- Bushing 112 extends along an axis B', is substantially cylindrical in shape and is provided at one end with locking tabs 114 which radially extend with respect to axis B'.
- An inner thread 112a of bushing 112 is opposite to an outer thread 112b.
- the supporting body 113 is cup-shaped and defines a locking seat 118 adapted to receive bushing 112.
- the locking seat 118 is delimited on one side by a bottom wall of the supporting body 113 and, on the opposite side, by a plate, in particular a disk 116 accommodated in the supporting body 113.
- the supporting body 113 has an inner annual projection on which disk 116 rests, so as to remain separate from the bottom wall of the supporting body 113.
- Radial pins 116a accommodated in seats 119 of the supporting body 113 prevent the rotation of disk 116.
- Disk 116 has an opening 121 which conforms with the profile of the end of bushing 112 provided with tabs 114, to allow access to the locking seat 118.
- the portion of the locking seat 118 defined in the bottom wall of the supporting body 113 has just as many lobes 118a as there are locking tabs 114 of bushing 112.
- the lobes 118a are shaped so as to allow a rotation of bushing 112 inside the locking seat 118 between an insertion and extraction position, in which the locking tabs 114 are aligned with opening 121 and the bushing is axially sliding, and a locking position, in which the locking tabs 114 are retained in a dead portion of the locking seat 118 and prevent the extraction of bushing 112.
- a pack of Belleville washers 130 is accommodated in the cavity of the supporting body 113, about bushing 112, in abutment against disk 116.
- the Belleville washers 130 allow the tension to be decreased on the fastening screw 130 and the thermal expansions of the combustion chamber to be compensated.
- Through holes 126 allow the supporting body 113 to be fastened to casing 2 of the combustion chamber 1 by means of screws 127.
- a bushing 212 provided with locking tabs 214 stands out from bushing 12 in figures 2-7 for having longitudinal guides 212a on the outer surface (for example, two diametrically opposing), in place of the outer thread.
- the longitudinal guides 212a may be defined by respective grooves which extend from an edge of bushing 212 opposite to the locking tabs 214 toward the latter, and allow the sliding coupling with respective inner teeth 235a of an extraction tool 235 (e.g. in the shape of a socket spanner).
- the longitudinal guides 212a have respective retaining seats 212b of sufficient axial dimension to receive a respective tooth 235a of the extraction tool 235.
- the retaining seats 212b extend laterally to the longitudinal guides 212a and the teeth 235a may be introduced by means of rotation, after the extraction tool 235 has been inserted up to the end of the longitudinal guides 212a. Furthermore, the retaining seats 212b are shaped so that once engaged, the axial sliding of the teeth 235a is prevented, to allow traction to be exerted on bushing 212. Advantageously, the retaining seats 212b are arranged with respect to the longitudinal guides 212a so as to be engaged by the teeth 235a when the extraction tool 235 is rotated to bring bushing 212 from the locking position to the insertion and extraction position.
- the locking members could differ in number, e.g. three or four.
- the locking seat may advantageously comprise just as many lobes, each of which allows and limits the rotation of the bushing to an arc defined between the insertion and extraction position and the locking position.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
- Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
- Massaging Devices (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
Description
- The present invention relates to a gas turbine combustion chamber with reversible fastening device for thermoinsulating tiles.
- As known, inspection, maintenance or repair operations involving bodies connected to each other by means of threaded coupling may have critical aspects under specific conditions, especially when the space available for operators is narrow. For example, if the screw breaks, often extracting the stump is difficult or even impossible and requires a hole to be made and new thread to restore the nut screw.
- A case in which problems are particularly frequent associated with a threaded element breaking and being replaced is the one of gas turbine combustion chambers in energy production power plants.
- A combustion chamber generally comprises a casing, for example toroidal or cylindrical in shape, covered internally by thermoinsulating tiles. The tiles are normally connected to the wall of the casing with screw fastening devices. The nut screw is carried out in a through hole directly in the wall of the casing and the screw is inserted (or extracted for disassembly) from the inside.
- Although the screws are made of special alloys that are resistant to hot temperatures, over time they become fragile due to exposure to repeated thermal cycles involving considerable temperature variations. The screws may therefore break with given easiness when the tiles are to be removed due to regular maintenance or for replacing a damaged element.
- In case of breaking, the broken part of the leg remains inside its seat in the casing of the combustion chamber. Often, this possibility forces the broken part to be removed by means of drilling and successive new thread and/or replacing any heli-coils present. The operations to be carried out are delicate, complex and in any event invasive and may cause further damage to the casing of the combustion chamber also when performed by highly qualified personnel.
- Furthermore, even if the operations are carried out workmanlike and without inducing further damage, the fact is to be considered that often the dimensions of combustion chambers allow a single operator alone to operate from the inside. Restoration operations are therefore particularly lengthy, in addition to being laborious.
- Screws breaking, which is a relatively frequent phenomenon during the disassembly of the tiles, therefore has a negative impact on the duration of the maintenance intervention times and requires prolonged machine downtimes, with a significant increase in costs.
-
EP 2 591 881 A1 discloses a reversible fastening device, which fixes a respective tiles to an inner face of the casing of a gas turbine combustion chamber. The reversible fastening device comprises a supporting body, fixed to an outer face of the casing and having a locking seat and an opening for access to the locking seat from the inside of the casing through a wall of the casing; a threaded bushing insertable inside the locking seat to receive a screw through the wall from the inside of the casing; and at least one locking member, for releasably locking the bushing inside the locking seat. - Another known fastening device is disclosed in
US 2 662 260 A . - It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a gas turbine combustion chamber that allows the limitations described to be overcome.
- According to the present invention, a gas turbine combustion chamber is provided as defined in claim 1.
- The present invention shall now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate several non-limiting embodiment examples thereof, in which:
-
figure 1 is a cross section of a combustion chamber of a gas turbine; -
figure 2 is a side view of a reversible fastening device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention; -
figure 3 is a plan view from above of the reversible fastening device infigure 2 ; -
figure 4 is an exploded front view of the reversible fastening device infigure 2 , sectioned along the path plane IV-IV infigure 3 ; -
figure 5 is an exploded side view of the reversible fastening device infigure 2 , sectioned along the path plane V-V infigure 3 in a first configuration; -
figure 6 is a plan view from above, with parts removed for clarity, of the reversible fastening device infigure 2 ; -
figure 7 is a side view of the reversible fastening device infigure 2 , sectioned along the path plane V-V infigure 3 in a second configuration; -
figure 8 is a plan view from above of a reversible fastening device in accordance with a different embodiment of the present invention; -
figure 9 is a front view of the reversible fastening device infigure 8 , sectioned along the path plane IX-IX infigure 8 ; -
figure 10 is a side view of the reversible fastening device infigure 8 , sectioned along the path plane X-X infigure 8 ; -
figure 11 is a plan view from above, with parts removed for clarity, of the reversible fastening device infigure 8 ; and -
figure 12 is a perspective view of a fastening device in accordance with a further embodiment of the present invention. - The invention will be described below with particular reference to fastening the thermoinsulating tiles to the inner wall of the casing of a combustion chamber of a gas turbine.
- With reference to
figure 1 , a combustion chamber 1 of a gas turbine (not wholly shown) comprises a toroidal casing 2 extending about an axis A and having a first radiallyouter shell 3 defined by a doughnut-shaped wall, and a second radially inner shell 4 defined by a substantially truncated cone-shaped wall. The combustion chamber 1 is provided with a thermoinsulating covering which coversinner faces first shell 3 and of the second shell 4, respectively, and comprises a plurality ofthermoinsulating tiles 7. In one embodiment, thethermoinsulating tiles 7 are arranged in adjacent groups along circumferences about axis A of the combustion chamber 1. - The
thermoinsulating tiles 7 are mounted on circumferential guides (not shown) by means of connectingelements 8. The connectingelements 8 are shaped so as to couple to retaining portions ofrespective thermoinsulating tiles 7 and are connected to casing 2 by means offastening devices 10 through respective throughholes 11 obtained in thefirst shell 3 and in the second shell 4 (see alsofigure 2 ). - With reference to
figures 3 to 7 , thefastening device 10 in one embodiment of the invention comprises abushing 12 and a supportingbody 13.Bushing 12 is threaded internally and externally and is removably coupled to the supportingbody 13. In one embodiment, the coupling betweenbushing 12 and the supportingbody 13 is a bayonet connection. - In particular, the
inner thread 12a (figures 4, 5 and7 ) allows a screw 30 (figure 2 ) to be introduced to lock arespective thermoinsulating tile 7. - The
outer thread 12b (figures 4, 5 , and7 ) is opposite to theinner thread 12a and allows the coupling ofbushing 12 with anextraction tool 35 with corresponding thread (shown infigure 7 , e.g. in the shape of a socket spanner). - In detail (
figures 4 and 5 ),bushing 12 extends along an axis B, is substantially cylindrical in shape and is provided at one end with lockingtabs 14 which radially extend with respect to axis B. In one embodiment, the lockingtabs 14 are substantially circular or elliptical in shape. - The supporting
body 13 is substantially cup-shaped and comprises anannular member 15 and acover 16 defining together a lockingseat 18 shaped to receive and axially lockbushing 12. - The
annular member 15 extends about an axis, which coincides with axis B when the bushing is coupled to the supportingbody 13. Anedge 15a of theannular member 15 is intended in use to be coupled to anouter face 3b of thefirst shell 3 or to anouter face 4b of the second shell 4 of casing 2. Theannular member 15 further comprises aninner baffle 20 which extends perpendicular to axis B and has anopening 21 for access to the lockingseat 18. The profile of opening 21 is complementary to the profile of the end ofbushing 12, to allow the insertion and extraction in axial direction. - The
inner baffle 20 delimits the lockingseat 18 on one side and in particular hasrecesses 22 which define a locking position forbushing 12. In greater detail, therecesses 22 have a complementary profile with respect to the lockingtabs 14, so that the rotation ofbushing 12 is prevented once the bushing is put in traction by means of a screw, as explained later. - In one embodiment, cover 16 is arranged to close the
annular member 15 and has a cavity which delimits the lockingseat 18 one an opposite side to the side delimited by theinner baffle 20 of theannular member 15. As shown infigure 6 , the portion of the lockingseat 18 which is insidecover 16 has just asmany lobes 18a as there are lockingtabs 14 ofbushing 12. Thelobes 18a are shaped so as to allow a rotation ofbushing 12 inside the lockingseat 18 between an insertion and extraction position, in which thelocking tabs 14 are aligned with opening 21 and the bushing is axially sliding, and a locking position (indicated with a broken line infigure 6 ), in which thelocking tabs 14 are retained in a dead portion of the lockingseat 18 and prevent the extraction ofbushing 12. The locking position corresponds to the position in which therecesses 22 are arranged of theinner baffle 20 of theannular member 15. In one embodiment, thelobes 18a are shaped so as to prevent rotations ofbushing 12 past the insertion and extraction position and the locking position. Furthermore, the portions of the lockingseat 18 corresponding to the locking position are delimited by theinner baffle 20, bycover 16 and by the walls of thelobes 18a, and are dead. Furthermore, the dead portion of eachlobe 18a is arranged so as to promote the insertion and extraction ofbushing 12. In other words, bushing 12 is internally threaded (inner thread 12a,figures 4, 5 and7 ) so that screwing a screw 30 (figure 2 ) insidebushing 12 causes bushing 12 to rotate from the insertion and extraction position to the locking position (that is toward the dead portion of eachlobe 18a), and unscrewingscrew 30 causes bushing 12 to rotate from the locking position to the insertion and extraction position (that is from the dead portions of thelobes 18a toward the access opening 21 to the locking seat 18). Vice versa, theouter thread 12b, which is opposite to theinner thread 12a, allows theextraction tool 35 to be tightened onbushing 12 and, by again acting in the tightening direction, a torque to be exerted to rotate bushing 12 from the locking position toward the insertion and extraction position. In particular, once the coupling is tightened on theouter thread 12b, theextraction tool 35 may advantageously be used to force the separation ofbushing 12 from the supportingbody 13 both in axial direction, and with a rotation toward the insertion and extraction position. The high temperatures in the combustion chamber 1 indeed promote the oxidization of the materials ofbushing 12 and of the supportingbody 13, which may join together. Separatingbushing 12 from the supportingbody 13 may be difficult in the absence of a simple and at the same time solid connection betweenbushing 12 and theextraction tool 35, to the point of making the removal of the parts to be replaced almost impossible. - A
hole 25 on the bottom ofcover 16 allows the inlet of cooling air from the outside. - Furthermore, holes 26 passing through the
annular member 15 and cover 16 allow the supportingbody 13 to be fastened to casing 2 of the combustion chamber 1 by means ofscrews 27, as shown infigure 2 . - More precisely, the supporting
body 13 is fastened to the outer face of the wall that defines one from thefirst shell 3 and the second shell 4 (for the sake of convenience, reference will be made hereinafter to thefirst shell 3, shown infigure 2 ), in position corresponding to one of the through holes 11. In addition to or in replacement of screw fastening the supportingbody 13 as shown infigure 2 ,edge 15a of theannular member 15 may be welded to casing 2 of the combustion chamber 1. - Practically, the supporting
body 13 may be arranged so that bushing 12 is accessible from the side of the fastening surface (that is of the inner surface of casing 2) opposite to the side where the lockingseat 18 is. Furthermore, the releasable coupling betweenbushing 12 and the supportingbody 13 allowsbushing 12 to be quickly and simply replaced when required, for example whenscrew 30 breaks. -
Bushing 12 may be easily introduced into the lockingseat 18 in insertion and extraction position. As a result of how the inner thread ofbushing 12 is made, tighteningscrew 30 tends to bringbushing 12 toward the locking position, thus avoiding accidental release. As a further tightening effect ofscrew 30 and of the action of the body that is fastened against the inner surface of casing 2 (that is of one of the connectingelements 8, in the embodiment described),bushing 12 is put in traction and the lockingtabs 14 are received in therecesses 22 of theinner baffle 20, thus preventing further rotations. - When
screw 30 is unscrewed, the lockingtabs 14 are no longer tightened in therecesses 22 andbushing 12 may rotate toward the insertion and extraction position.Bushing 12 is equally free to rotate whenscrew 30 breaks. - At this point, the bushing may be easily extracted and replaced.
- The operation for restoring an unserviceable threaded seat is therefore highly simplified due to the
fastening device 10, and does not require any radical interventions (drilling and new thread) on the wall. Restoring the original conditions of the combustion chamber by replacingbushing 12 may be easily done by a single operator and also when little space is available. - Furthermore, the supporting body is fixed to an outer face of the casing 2 of the combustion chamber 1 and therefore is exposed to moderate thermal stresses.
-
Figures 8 to 11 show a different embodiment of the invention. In this case, thefastening device 100 comprises abushing 112 and a supportingbody 113. -
Bushing 112 is threaded internally and externally and is removably bayonet-connected to the supportingbody 113.Bushing 112 extends along an axis B', is substantially cylindrical in shape and is provided at one end with lockingtabs 114 which radially extend with respect to axis B'. Aninner thread 112a ofbushing 112 is opposite to anouter thread 112b. - The supporting
body 113 is cup-shaped and defines a lockingseat 118 adapted to receivebushing 112. - The locking
seat 118 is delimited on one side by a bottom wall of the supportingbody 113 and, on the opposite side, by a plate, in particular adisk 116 accommodated in the supportingbody 113. In greater detail, the supportingbody 113 has an inner annual projection on whichdisk 116 rests, so as to remain separate from the bottom wall of the supportingbody 113.Radial pins 116a accommodated inseats 119 of the supportingbody 113 prevent the rotation ofdisk 116.Disk 116 has anopening 121 which conforms with the profile of the end ofbushing 112 provided withtabs 114, to allow access to the lockingseat 118. - As shown in
figure 9 , the portion of the lockingseat 118 defined in the bottom wall of the supportingbody 113 has just asmany lobes 118a as there are lockingtabs 114 ofbushing 112. - The
lobes 118a are shaped so as to allow a rotation ofbushing 112 inside the lockingseat 118 between an insertion and extraction position, in which the lockingtabs 114 are aligned withopening 121 and the bushing is axially sliding, and a locking position, in which the lockingtabs 114 are retained in a dead portion of the lockingseat 118 and prevent the extraction ofbushing 112. - A pack of
Belleville washers 130 is accommodated in the cavity of the supportingbody 113, about bushing 112, in abutment againstdisk 116. TheBelleville washers 130 allow the tension to be decreased on thefastening screw 130 and the thermal expansions of the combustion chamber to be compensated. - Through
holes 126 allow the supportingbody 113 to be fastened to casing 2 of the combustion chamber 1 by means ofscrews 127. - In one embodiment, shown in
figure 12 , abushing 212 provided with lockingtabs 214 stands out from bushing 12 infigures 2-7 for havinglongitudinal guides 212a on the outer surface (for example, two diametrically opposing), in place of the outer thread. Thelongitudinal guides 212a may be defined by respective grooves which extend from an edge ofbushing 212 opposite to the lockingtabs 214 toward the latter, and allow the sliding coupling with respectiveinner teeth 235a of an extraction tool 235 (e.g. in the shape of a socket spanner). In one embodiment, thelongitudinal guides 212a have respective retainingseats 212b of sufficient axial dimension to receive arespective tooth 235a of theextraction tool 235. The retainingseats 212b extend laterally to thelongitudinal guides 212a and theteeth 235a may be introduced by means of rotation, after theextraction tool 235 has been inserted up to the end of thelongitudinal guides 212a. Furthermore, the retainingseats 212b are shaped so that once engaged, the axial sliding of theteeth 235a is prevented, to allow traction to be exerted onbushing 212. Advantageously, the retainingseats 212b are arranged with respect to thelongitudinal guides 212a so as to be engaged by theteeth 235a when theextraction tool 235 is rotated to bring bushing 212 from the locking position to the insertion and extraction position. - Finally, it is apparent that modifications and variants may be made to the combustion chamber herein described without departing from the scope of the present invention, as defined in the appended claims.
- Furthermore, the locking members could differ in number, e.g. three or four. In this case, the locking seat may advantageously comprise just as many lobes, each of which allows and limits the rotation of the bushing to an arc defined between the insertion and extraction position and the locking position.
Claims (12)
- A gas turbine combustion chamber comprising a casing (2), a plurality of thermally insulating tiles (7) covering internally the casing (2) and at least one reversible fastening device (10), which fixes one of the respective tiles (7) to an inner face (3a, 4a) of the casing (2), the reversible fastening device comprising:a supporting body (13; 113), fixed to an outer face (3b, 4b) of the casing (2) and having a locking seat (18; 118) and an opening (21; 121) for access to the locking seat (18; 118) from the inside of the casing (2) through a wall (3, 4) of the casing (2);a threaded bushing (12; 112; 212) insertable inside the locking seat (18; 118) to receive a screw (30; 130) through the wall (3, 4) from the inside of the casing (2); andat least one locking member (14; 114; 214), configured to releasably lock the bushing (12; 112; 212) inside the locking seat (18; 118);characterized in that the locking member comprises a tab (14; 114; 214) extending radially from the bushing (12; 112; 212), and the locking seat (18; 118) has a dead portion communicating with the opening (21; 121) and configured to receive and axially retain the tab (14; 114; 214); wherein the bushing (12; 112; 212) is angularly movable, inside the locking seat (18; 118), between an insertion and extraction position, in which the tab (14; 114; 214) is aligned with the opening (21; 121) and the bushing (12; 112; 212) is axially movable, and a locking position, in which the tab (14; 114; 214) is retained inside the dead portion of the locking seat (18; 118).
- A combustion chamber as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the bushing (12; 112; 212) and the locking seat (18; 118) are bayonet-connectable.
- A combustion chamber as claimed in any one of the foregoing Claims, wherein the bushing (12; 112; 212) has an inner thread (12a) configured so that screwing the screw (30; 130) inside the bushing (12; 112; 212) causes the bushing (12; 112; 212) to rotate from the insertion and extraction position to the locking position, and unscrewing the screw (30; 130) causes the bushing (12; 112; 212) to rotate from the locking position to the insertion and extraction position.
- A combustion chamber as claimed in Claim 3, wherein the bushing (12; 112; 212) comprises coupling elements (12b; 112b; 212a, 212b) for coupling to an extraction tool (35; 235).
- A combustion chamber as claimed in Claim 4, wherein the coupling elements (12b; 112b; 212a, 212b) are configured to couple the bushing to the extraction tool (35; 235) so that it is possible, through the extraction tool (35; 235), to exert a traction and a torque on the bushing (12; 112; 212) to rotate the bushing (12; 112; 212) from the locking position toward the insertion and extraction position.
- A combustion chamber as claimed in Claim 4 or 5, wherein the coupling elements (12b; 112b) comprise an outer thread (12b; 112b) opposite to the inner thread (12a; 112a) .
- A combustion chamber as claimed in Claim 4, wherein the coupling elements (212a, 212b) comprise longitudinal guides (212a) on an outer surface and retaining seats (212b) extending laterally to the longitudinal guides (212a) and engageable by corresponding retaining elements (235a) of the extraction tool (235); the retaining seats (212b) being shaped so that once engaged, the axial sliding of the extraction tool (235) is locked with respect to the bushing (212).
- A combustion chamber as claimed in any one of the foregoing Claims, wherein the locking seat (18) has recesses (22) which define the locking position of the bushing (12) and have a profile which is complementary to the tab (14), so that the rotation of the bushing (12) is prevented once the bushing (12) is put in traction by means of the screw (30).
- A combustion chamber as claimed in any one of the foregoing Claims, wherein the supporting body (13; 113) is cup-shaped, and the bushing (12; 112; 212) housed inside the supporting body (13; 113) is accessible through a mouth of the supporting body (13; 113).
- A combustion chamber as claimed in Claim 9, comprising a pack of Belleville washers (130) housed in the supporting body (113), about the bushing (112).
- A combustion chamber as claimed in Claim 9 or 10, wherein the supporting body (113) comprises a bottom wall in which a first side of the locking seat (118) is defined; and a plate (116) where the opening (121) and a second side of the locking seat (118) are defined.
- A combustion chamber as claimed in Claim 10 or 11, wherein the supporting body (13) comprises an annular member (15), in which a first side of the locking seat (18) and the opening (21) are defined, and a cover (16), in which a second side of the locking seat (18; 118) is defined, the cover (16) closing the annular member (15), on the opposite side to a bushing (12) insertion side.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT001177A ITMI20131177A1 (en) | 2013-07-12 | 2013-07-12 | REVERSIBLE FIXING DEVICE |
PCT/IB2014/063045 WO2015004642A1 (en) | 2013-07-12 | 2014-07-11 | Gas turbine combustion chamber with reversible fastening device for thermoinsulating tiles |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3019758A1 EP3019758A1 (en) | 2016-05-18 |
EP3019758B1 true EP3019758B1 (en) | 2018-10-24 |
Family
ID=49182358
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14755154.3A Active EP3019758B1 (en) | 2013-07-12 | 2014-07-11 | Gas turbine combustion chamber with reversible fastening device for thermoinsulating tiles |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3019758B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN105518317B (en) |
IT (1) | ITMI20131177A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015004642A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102016211613A1 (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2017-12-28 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Heat shield arrangement of a combustion chamber with disc spring package |
WO2018207913A1 (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2018-11-15 | 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 | Heat retention device for turbine casing, securing tool for securing heat retention block for turbine casing, and method for securing heat retention block for turbine casing |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2662260A (en) * | 1950-10-13 | 1953-12-15 | Mcdonnell Aircraft Corp | Rapid connect and disconnect fastening means |
US3874041A (en) * | 1972-06-13 | 1975-04-01 | Dzus Fastener Co | Fasteners |
US4040151A (en) * | 1976-02-19 | 1977-08-09 | Collen Kieth Brimm | Partial turn panel fastener |
JP2004524479A (en) * | 2001-04-27 | 2004-08-12 | シーメンス アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト | Especially for gas turbine combustion chambers |
EP1288578A1 (en) * | 2001-08-31 | 2003-03-05 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Combustor layout |
US6568296B1 (en) * | 2001-12-07 | 2003-05-27 | Shih Tsao Lin | Crank arm quick release device of bicycle |
US20070196196A1 (en) * | 2006-02-23 | 2007-08-23 | Schorling Detlef T | High strength fastener system |
JP2012149732A (en) * | 2011-01-20 | 2012-08-09 | Steelcase Japan Kk | Cabinet linking member |
EP2591881A1 (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2013-05-15 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Device, method and cast screw for safe exchange of heat shield panels of gas turbines |
-
2013
- 2013-07-12 IT IT001177A patent/ITMI20131177A1/en unknown
-
2014
- 2014-07-11 CN CN201480039726.4A patent/CN105518317B/en active Active
- 2014-07-11 WO PCT/IB2014/063045 patent/WO2015004642A1/en active Application Filing
- 2014-07-11 EP EP14755154.3A patent/EP3019758B1/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2015004642A1 (en) | 2015-01-15 |
ITMI20131177A1 (en) | 2015-01-13 |
EP3019758A1 (en) | 2016-05-18 |
CN105518317A (en) | 2016-04-20 |
CN105518317B (en) | 2017-07-25 |
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