EP3015682A1 - Throttle device for a combustion engine and motorcycle with same - Google Patents
Throttle device for a combustion engine and motorcycle with same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3015682A1 EP3015682A1 EP15182582.5A EP15182582A EP3015682A1 EP 3015682 A1 EP3015682 A1 EP 3015682A1 EP 15182582 A EP15182582 A EP 15182582A EP 3015682 A1 EP3015682 A1 EP 3015682A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- throttle valve
- throttle
- cable
- cold start
- actuating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003716 rejuvenation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
- F02M35/10242—Devices or means connected to or integrated into air intakes; Air intakes combined with other engine or vehicle parts
- F02M35/10255—Arrangements of valves; Multi-way valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
- F02D9/08—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits
- F02D9/10—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits having pivotally-mounted flaps
- F02D9/1035—Details of the valve housing
- F02D9/1055—Details of the valve housing having a fluid by-pass
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D11/00—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated
- F02D11/02—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by hand, foot, or like operator controlled initiation means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D11/00—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated
- F02D11/04—Arrangements for, or adaptations to, non-automatic engine control initiation means, e.g. operator initiated characterised by mechanical control linkages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
- F02D9/02—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits concerning induction conduits
- F02D2009/0201—Arrangements; Control features; Details thereof
- F02D2009/025—Opening the throttle a little during starting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
- F02D9/02—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits concerning induction conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
- F02D9/08—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits
- F02D9/10—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits having pivotally-mounted flaps
- F02D9/1065—Mechanical control linkage between an actuator and the flap, e.g. including levers, gears, springs, clutches, limit stops of the like
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M1/00—Carburettors with means for facilitating engine's starting or its idling below operational temperatures
- F02M1/02—Carburettors with means for facilitating engine's starting or its idling below operational temperatures the means to facilitate starting or idling being chokes for enriching fuel-air mixture
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/16—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines characterised by use in vehicles
- F02M35/162—Motorcycles; All-terrain vehicles, e.g. quads, snowmobiles; Small vehicles, e.g. forklifts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a throttle valve device for an internal combustion engine, having a housing and a flow cross-section having a suction pipe and a relative to the flow cross-section pivotable throttle valve, which is actuated by means of a throttle shaft, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Such a throttle valve device can serve for metered delivery of a fuel-air mixture to an internal combustion engine, which is supplied, for example via an electronic device, to the respective throttle valve in accordance with fuel supplied to the intake manifold, which is then supplied to the internal combustion engine.
- an electronic device working with intake manifold internal combustion engine is thus discharged via the throttle valve from the internal combustion engine
- Performance controlled by the supplied amount of fuel mixture is influenced by means of the throttle by the freely flowable cross section in the intake manifold is changed by the angular position of the throttle valve relative to the flow area.
- the amount of combustion air supplied to the internal combustion engine is influenced via the throttle valve, again via a change in the angular position of the throttle valve relative to the flow cross section in the intake manifold.
- the output from the engine to bring about a stable idling power is higher than at normal operating temperature, since in the cold state, the friction torque of the internal combustion engine is higher than in the warm operating condition. This can be compensated with an increased idling speed of the internal combustion engine in cold start operation.
- the fuel-air mixture has been enriched for this purpose by throttling the amount of intake air to be supplied via the main intake air passage.
- a throttle valve for an internal combustion engine which is actuated by an electric motor. If an emergency is detected by an electric motor driving the control device, in which the throttle could close to an opening angle of 0 degrees, the engine would therefore no longer be supplied with fuel air mixture, the throttle valve via a stop pin by a hydraulically actuated stop plate is extended, held in an open position, so that the internal combustion engine can continue to be supplied with a fuel-air mixture and thus idling of the internal combustion engine is ensured.
- a throttle for a motorcycle which is operated by the user of the motorcycle via a cable.
- the throttle may also be actuated by an electrically driven actuator that overrides manual operation of the throttle when an electronic control device of the motorcycle detects that the motorcycle is in a specific operating mode.
- the special mode of operation may be a passing mode of the motorcycle in which it is accelerated with a predetermined acceleration for measuring the noise of the motorcycle. In such a state, the electrically driven actuator then reduces the opening angle of the throttle valve to reduce the power output from the engine of the motorcycle and thus reduce the noise emissions.
- this system has the disadvantage that the idle control via the bypass, the MAP (manifold pressure signal) sensor signal is corrupted and provided for the control of the internal combustion engine electronic control unit (ECU, engine control unit) uses the falsified sensor signal for the determination of the amount of fuel to be injected , Also, the ECU can not detect the change of the idling air made by the driver and provides a constant amount of fuel although more or less idle air is supplied through the bypass. As a result, the raw exhaust gas values of the internal combustion engine increase and stable idling in the cold start operation is not achieved.
- ECU manifold pressure signal
- the bypass When the fuel injection system is operated in cold start mode, the bypass is open so that when the throttle valve is opened, the negative pressure in the bypass decreases, reducing the flow of air through the bypass and creating a difficult-to-tune transition area, causing the throttle body to swell Responsibility of the internal combustion engine deteriorates and differs from the response at low-operating internal combustion engine. This in turn means that the driver, who expects a spontaneous and stable response of the internal combustion engine, often keeps the engine warm while stationary and with targeted gas shocks until it has reached normal operating temperature.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a throttle valve device which avoids these disadvantages and provides a cold start system that is easy to operate for the driver. Also, an internal combustion engine and providing a motorcycle with the throttle device to be created.
- the invention has to solve this problem with respect to the throttle device on the features specified in claim 1.
- Advantageous embodiments thereof are described in the further claims.
- the invention with respect to the internal combustion engine has the features specified in claim 15 and in terms of the motorcycle on the features specified in claim 16.
- the invention provides a throttle valve device for an internal combustion engine having a housing and a flow cross-section having a suction pipe and a pivotable relative to the flow throttle, which is actuated by means of a throttle shaft and a housing arranged on the adjusting device, by means of which the throttle in a flow cross-section at least partially free giving cold start position releasably fixed.
- the internal combustion engine can be, for example, a single-cylinder motorcycle engine, which is provided for driving a competition motorcycle, for example an off-road motorbike.
- the throttle valve device according to the invention can also be used in single-cylinder or multi-cylinder internal combustion engines of other vehicles.
- the internal combustion engine may be an internal combustion engine operating with direct fuel injection or port injection, and may also be an internal combustion engine operated with supercharging. Although it is spoken of the intake manifold, this also includes the case that the internal combustion engine is operated with charge.
- the throttle valve device generally has a housing which is designed for receiving or arranging conventional components of a throttle valve device, such as a throttle valve shaft, and also, for example, a device with which the actuation force exerted by the driver is transmitted to the throttle valve shaft.
- the throttle valve device according to the invention also has a, for example, in the intake manifold pivotally mounted throttle valve, with which the flow cross-section of the suction pipe can be changed.
- the throttle valve device according to the invention has an actuating device, by means of which the throttle valve in a the flow cross-section at least partially released releasing cold start position is releasably fixed.
- the cold start position of the throttle valve is a flow cross section in a suitable for the cold start operation of the provided with the throttle device according to the invention engine free position.
- the throttle With the throttle further opened, more internal combustion air is supplied to the internal combustion engine than is necessary during idling operation in the operating-warm state.
- This condition is detected by a sensor which cooperates with the ECU, which releases an appropriate amount of fuel stored for example in a map for injection.
- the actuator can be easily accessed by the driver of the vehicle before the start of the cold start operation, so that the throttle gap is already increased in the cold start process and in the intake manifold forms a negative pressure, which is detected by a sensor and forwarded to the ECU, the then releases a slightly increased amount of fuel for injection compared to the idling mode in the warm operating condition, thereby establishing a stable cold start idle that is not affected by changing negative pressure values in a bypass system.
- the driver of the vehicle operated with the throttle device according to the invention performs a starting process, he increases this, the throttle gap by accelerating the gas grip or accelerator slightly further, the pressure conditions in the intake manifold change and the ECU can release these changed conditions corresponding modified fuel quantity for injection.
- the hard-to-tune transition region described above has been eliminated, since the opening of the throttle valve by the driver, the negative pressure conditions in the idle air bypass system can not change, since it has fallen into elimination.
- the thus operated engine immediately has a responsiveness to the driver's request, without the driver having to make use of his behavior to bring the cold engine in operation operation to operating temperature. Since even in cold start mode falsified intake manifold signals are not present from a bypass system, the raw emissions of the internal combustion engine can be reduced, the environment is relieved.
- the throttle valve shaft actuated by means of at least one cable in the opening direction of the throttle valve is and the cable is arranged in operative connection with a housing arranged in the cable drum, which is coupled to the throttle shaft.
- the throttle shaft is actuated by means of at least one cable in the closing direction of the throttle and the cable is arranged in operative connection with a housing arranged in the cable drum, which is coupled to the throttle shaft.
- this cable drum for the closing cable can be an independent, with the throttle valve shaft in operative connection cable drum, which is provided independently of the cable drum for the opening cable.
- both the opening cable and the closing cable actuate a common cable drum, which is in operative connection with the throttle shaft and thus the throttle can be both actively opened and actively closed by the driver of the vehicle and indeed with the aid of the corresponding cable.
- This configuration also has the advantage that the throttle valve to be opened against the action of a return spring can be actively closed again by the driver of the vehicle even in the event of a malfunction of the return spring.
- the adjusting device is designed for manual actuation for bringing about the flow cross-section at least partially released cold start position of the throttle valve and to cancel this position.
- the driver of the vehicle can easily manually activate the actuator before the cold start operation without complex electronic control devices or the like, so that the throttle valve assumes its cold start position and the actuator again manually disable directly on the actuator or by mechanical remote access to the actuator, that can return from their cold start position in the position for the warm engine.
- the adjusting device is designed to cancel the flow cross-section at least partially released cold start position of the throttle valve by means of an operation by a cable.
- This configuration is a possibility of remote access or remote control of the throttle from the cold start position by the driver of the vehicle. It can be provided on the vehicle for the deactivation of the cold start position of the throttle and a separate, so separate cable.
- the adjusting means by means of a cable for actuating the throttle valve in the closing direction from the flow cross-section at least partially released releasing actuated cold start position of the throttle valve in one of the actuator unactuated position of the throttle can be brought.
- the driver of the vehicle can cancel the cold start position of the throttle just by pressing the cable for the operation of the throttle in the closing direction, so for example in a provided on a motorcycle throttle grip the throttle grip in the forward direction, that is, in the closing direction of the throttle rotates, whereby the actuator is moved out of its throttle position in the cold start position or position and to a throttle valve no longer in the cold start position holding position, whereby the enlarged in cold start position throttle gap in the intake manifold is reduced.
- the driver of the vehicle equipped with the throttle device activates the control device for a cold start of the internal combustion engine, by manually actuating them, which results in increasing the throttle gap in the intake manifold by pivoting the throttle a predetermined amount of rotation and then allowing the driver to perform the cold start as usual, the engine immediately decays to a stable idle and the driver can Use the motorcycle as usual and then, for example, during a short life or even at a phase in which the engine is in overrun, the throttle grip in the closing direction of the throttle actuate, ie during the pushing operation by a small amount of rotational angle in the forward direction so that the actuator is deactivated and the cold start position of the throttle is released.
- the driver of the motorcycle no longer has to handle any existing cold start device on the housing of the throttle device for deactivating the cold start device by direct manual operation of the cold start device on the housing of the throttle valve, resulting in an engine that has already reached operating temperature due to the heat emission of the engine and / or in the region of the engine and a throttle device running exhaust pipes brings with it the danger that the driver burns his hand or fingers.
- the throttle valve device according to the invention thus also ensures a considerable gain in comfort for the driver.
- the throttle valve device according to the invention is characterized by a simple structure.
- the adjusting device comprises a spring device and a against the action of the spring device axially displaceable setting pin which can be brought into abutment with a trained on the cable drum stop in such a way that the throttle valve to bring about a predetermined rotation angle the flow cross-section at least partially releasing actuated cold start position of the throttle is pivotable.
- the driver of the vehicle equipped with the throttle device according to the invention wants to perform a cold start of the internal combustion engine, he only has to move the adjusting pin axially by a predetermined distance so that the axial displacement causes one end portion of the actuating pin formed with a formed on the cable drum stop in Plant comes and a further axial displacement of the adjusting pin, preferably until it has taken a detent position, causes the cable drum is rotated by a predetermined angle of rotation and the rotational movement of the cable drum is transmitted via the throttle shaft to the throttle, so that the throttle gap in the intake manifold is increased in accordance with the air requirement of the internal combustion engine in cold start operation.
- the rotational movement of the cable drum to bring about the required for the cold start throttle gap in the intake manifold is transmitted via the cable for the closing movement of the throttle on the throttle grip of the motorcycle, so that it is automatically rotated in a rotational position corresponding to a slightly open throttle position and thus a for the closing operation of the throttle valve for deactivation of the adjusting device and thus deactivation of the cold start position of the throttle sufficient retraction angle is brought about on the throttle grip, without the driver must make interventions on the motorcycle.
- the actuating device has latching means which releasably fix the actuating device in the flow cross-section at least partially released actuated cold start position of the throttle.
- the locking means ensure that the cold start position of the throttle is maintained until the driver of the vehicle deactivates the actuator and thus the cold start position of the throttle by the throttle grip against the action of the locking means in the direction of the closing direction Throttle operated, so that the locking means release from the detent position and thus the spring-loaded actuating pin springs back to its original position in which it is no longer in contact with the stop of the cable drum.
- the adjusting device has a sleeve-shaped body formed with an inner recess, which is designed to receive the adjusting pin and the adjusting pin is arranged along a first longitudinal section in a holder formed with an inner recess.
- This configuration ensures that a relative displacement of the actuating pin relative to the holder is possible, so that the engageable with the stop on the cable drum end portion of the actuating pin is adjustable in its distance relative to the stop and consequently a displacement movement of the holder by a predetermined displacement path in Dependence of said distance leads to a change in the caused by the displacement movement of the holder rotation angle of the cable drum.
- the cold start position rotation angle of the throttle valve achievable by the operation of the actuator can be engine-specifically changed.
- a standardized adjusting device can be adapted to different internal combustion engines showing cold start behavior.
- the holder is received in the inner recess of the sleeve-shaped body relative to this axially displaceable and on the outer circumference has a recess which is releasable with a formed on the inner circumference of the sleeve-shaped body bulge for bringing about a locking position of the actuating device Intervention can be brought.
- the above-mentioned latching means can be realized inexpensively, so for example, the holder and the sleeve-shaped body can be each formed of a plastic material and an axial displacement of the holder and so that the adjusting pin causes the indentation of the holder comes to lie in the bulge of the sleeve-shaped body and thus a detent position between the two components and thus the adjusting device can be implemented.
- the adjusting pin in the region of an actuating button facing end portion has a threaded portion along which the adjusting pin is rotatable and axially displaceable relative to the provided with a corresponding threaded portion holder such that a from a housing portion of Actuator out projecting end portion or engagement portion, which is engageable with the stop of the cable drum in Appendix, with respect to the outstanding length of the end portion is changeable.
- the adjusting device for throttle valve devices of different internal combustion engines can be used with different cold start behavior, as has already been mentioned above.
- the adjusting pin has a tapered along the longitudinal direction of the adjusting pin in the direction of the housing portion which cooperates with a formed on the inner recess of the holder projection such that a holding force between the tapered section and the projection is changeable.
- a variable along the displacement movement of the adjusting pin relative to the holder for example, increasing holding force can be realized, which signals to the driver of the vehicle upon actuation of the actuator that with increasing holding force, the detent position between the holder and the adjusting pin comes closer. So it is a tactile signaling the imminent locking position for the driver possible.
- the throttle valve device comprises a first cable for actuating the throttle valve in the opening direction and a second cable for actuating the throttle valve in the closing direction and coupled with two cables rotary handle, wherein an actuation of the rotary handle in the direction of the closing direction the throttle valve applied to the actuating device with a restoring force, which leads to a cancellation of the cold start position of the throttle valve.
- the throttle device according to the invention can be provided together with all the necessary components as an add-on solution for existing, known motorcycles, which are not equipped with the throttle valve device according to the invention and thus experience a technical upgrade, combined with a gain in comfort for the user vehicle.
- the invention also provides an internal combustion engine with a throttle valve device, as described above, and also a motorcycle with a driver's seat and an internal combustion engine and the throttle device according to the invention.
- the throttle valve device 1 has a housing 3, which for receiving a closer on the basis of Fig. 7 the drawing drum shown 4 is arranged and in Fig. 1 to 3 the drawing is shown without side cover, so that a view of the in Fig. 1 to 3 schematically shown cable drum 4 is possible.
- the cable drum 4 is frictionally connected via a throttle valve shaft 5 with the throttle valve 6, so that a relative rotation of the cable drum 4 via the throttle shaft 5 can be transmitted to the throttle valve 6 and that for opening and closing the throttle valve 6, so for enlargement and reduction one between the throttle valve 6 and a suction pipe 7 a based on Fig. 11 schematically illustrated internal combustion engine 8 formed throttle gap.
- Fig. 1 the throttle valve 6 is shown in a position which shows the idling position of the operating-temperature engine 8.
- the throttle 6 is shown inclined slightly to the left, thus has an opening angle ⁇ relative to the vertical of about 1 to 3 degrees, so that the internal combustion engine 8 is supplied with a sufficient for idling operation fuel mixture can be.
- This position corresponds to the idling operating position with operating-warming internal combustion engine.
- Seilzugtrommel 4 are two Seilzugingn 9, 10 for in Fig. 1 schematically illustrated cables 19, 20 are formed, wherein the receptacle 9 is provided for receiving a cable nipple of a cable 19 for opening the throttle valve 6 and the receptacle 10 is provided for receiving a cable nipple of a cable 20 for closing the throttle valve 6.
- the opening movement of the throttle valve 6 takes place in the direction of the arrow 11, while the closing movement of the throttle valve 6 in the direction of the arrow 12 after Fig. 1 takes place.
- the cable 19 for opening the throttle valve 6 enters via an opening 13 of the housing 3 in the housing 3 and the cable 20 for closing the throttle valve 6 enters via an opening 14 in the housing 3 a.
- Fig. 7 shows the cable drum 4 in a perspective view.
- the cable drum 4 has a recess 15 for receiving the throttle shaft 5 and has the already in connection with Fig. 1
- the cables can be hung with the respective cable nipples or cable ends in the receptacles 9, 10 and then run in the basis of Fig. 7 the drawing apparent Seilzugnuten 16, 17 and pass through the openings 13, 14 out of the housing 3 and then continue in the direction of the basis of Fig. 8 the drawing shown throttle grip 18, as described in the Fig. 1 the drawing schematically illustrated opening cable 19 and the closing cable 20 also shown schematically is the case.
- the cables 19, 20 can then be suspended via cable ends in the throttle grip 18 correspondingly trained Seilzugingn 21, 22, based on Fig. 9, 10th the drawing can be seen.
- a stop 23 is formed on the disc-shaped cable drum 4, which is provided for contacting by an engagement portion 24 of a control pin 25 of the actuator 2.
- Fig. 3 the drawing is in turn the stop 23 out of engagement with the engaging portion 24 of the actuating pin 25, as this shows a position of the throttle valve 6, when it is in the fully open by the driver of the vehicle position, the driver so the full load corresponding position of Throttle 6 wishes.
- the actuator 2 has an overall elongated configuration with an actuator button 26 for manual operation by a hand of the rider of the motorcycle Fig. 11 the drawing is provided.
- the operating knob has a recess 28 into which an engaging portion 29 of the holder 27 can be inserted, for example in the form of a press fit similar seat.
- the holder 27 also has an elongated configuration and has an internal recess 30 into which the elongate setting pin 25 can be inserted. At a first portion 31 of the adjusting pin 25, this is provided with an externally threaded portion 32, via which the adjusting pin 25 can be screwed into a corresponding section with an internally threaded portion 33 of the holder 27. About the thread of the clear distance 34 ( Fig. 4 ) and thus the distance between the engaging portion 24 of the adjusting pin 25 and the stop 23 of the cable drum 4 in the unactuated state of the adjusting device. 2
- the thread can therefore be reacted to the cold start behavior of different internal combustion engines in an advantageous manner such that the clear distance 34 is increased, for example, whereby the distance between the stop 23 and the engagement portion 24 is reduced and an axial displacement of the actuating pin 25 to bring about the cold start position the throttle valve 6 then provides a larger throttle gap than at a smaller clear distance 34 and the engine then a larger amount of fuel mixture for the cold start operation is supplied.
- the distance 34 can also be reduced, thereby the cold start position of the throttle valve 6 is then connected to a smaller throttle gap in the intake manifold 7.
- the drawing illustrated actuated position of the adjusting device 2 which leads to a cold start position of the throttle valve 6, the actuating pin 25 is axially displaced by the user of the vehicle against the action of the trained as a helical compression spring spring means 35 with the aid of the actuating knob 26, resulting in that the adjusting device 2 the in Fig. 2 represented position occupies.
- the axial displacement of the actuating knob 26 and thus the actuating pin 25 also causes the holder 27 is axially displaced relative to a sleeve-shaped body 36 which is provided with an inner recess 37, whereby simultaneously a locking position of the actuating device 2 is brought about.
- the sleeve-shaped body 36 is fixed axially via a locking ring 38 on a housing portion 39 of the actuator 2.
- the body 36 is provided on the inner recess 37 with a bulge 40 which is arranged in the unactuated state of the adjusting device 2 in a recess 41 on the outer circumference of the holder 27 and thus a detent position in the unactuated position of the actuator 2 can be made.
- the indentation 41 and bulge 40 form locking means 55, which are provided for maintaining the actuated position of the adjusting device.
- the actuating pin 25 is axially displaced against the action of the helical compression spring 35, so that a bulge 42 on the outer circumference of the holder 27 is displaced over the bulge 40 of the sleeve-shaped body 36 and the bulge 42 by means of the now preloaded helical compression spring 35 against the bulge 40 is pressed and thus a detent position in the actuated state of the adjusting device 2 and thus in the cold start position of the throttle valve 6 is brought about.
- the cantilevered length B1 of the engaging portion of the actuating pin 25 in the unactuated position differs from the projecting length B2 of the actuating pin in the actuated position.
- the adjusting device 2 is supported via a collar 43 on a collar 44 of the housing 2 and has in the region of the projecting engagement portion 24, a cap 45 which has a shoulder 46 in the region of the upper inner circumference, which at a largest projecting length B2 with an am Setting pin 25 formed corresponding paragraph 47 engages to prevent further protrusion of the engagement portion 24.
- FIG. 6 The drawing shows an alternative embodiment of an adjusting device 2a, which extends from the adjusting device 2 4 and 5 essentially differs in that the adjusting pin 48 has a tapered toward the housing 4 portion 49, which cooperate with a formed on the inner recess 50 of the modified holder 51 projection such that a holding force between the tapered portion 49 and the projection 52 is formed.
- the holding force increases with the amount of the sliding movement of the adjusting pin 48 in the direction of arrow A (see Fig. 6 ) and signals the driver of the vehicle with increasing holding force that in a further sliding movement of the actuating pin 25 in the direction of arrow A a trained pin on the actuating paragraph 53 is reached, which can be engaged behind by the projection 52 of the holder 51 to a detent position of the modified To achieve adjusting device 2a.
- FIG. 8 The drawing shows a plan view of a throttle grip of the in Fig. 11 the drawing illustrated motorcycle.
- the cables 19, 20 enter via the guide 54 of the throttle grip 18 in the housing 56 and can be detachably fixed there to a pulley 57, which is similar to the cable drum 4 in such a way that the throttle grip 18 facing cable ends or cable nipple be inserted into the cable shots 21, 22 and fixed there.
- the cable receiver 21 serves to receive the cable end of the opening cable 19 while the cable receiver 22 is used to receive the cable end of the closing cable 20.
- Fig. 9 the drawing shows the throttle grip 18 in the idle position of the engine in the operating temperature, ie the position accordingly Fig. 1 , while Fig. 10 the position of the throttle grip 18, the position of the throttle valve 6 after Fig. 2 corresponds, so the cold start position.
- the throttle grip 18 is after Fig. 10 has been rotated by about 5 degrees in the direction of arrow 58, ie in the direction in which the throttle grip 18 is rotated according to the opening direction of the throttle valve 6.
- the driver of the motorcycle via a corresponding operation of the throttle grip 18 can carry out his usual driving operations with the motorcycle and, for example, when the engine 8 is in overrun, ie the throttle grip 18 is closed, via an actuation of the Throttle handle in the direction of arrow 60 after Fig. 10 , ie in the direction of the closing direction of the throttle valve 6, an in Fig. 1 Apply traction force on the closing cable 20 indicated by the arrow F.
- FIG. 11 the drawing reference.
- This shows a motorcycle 62, which is equipped with the throttle valve device 1 according to the invention.
- the facilitation of the sake of clarity is shown as detail "A" the engine 8 is shown enlarged in order to better explain the position of the throttle device 1 can.
- the adjusting device 2 is arranged on the throttle device 1 in the downward direction on the motorcycle 62, which ensures that in the case of a possible component defect of the adjusting device 2, the throttle valve 6 can not unintentionally take their cold start position and thus not in unintentionally, the throttle gap in the intake manifold 7 is increased.
- the motorcycle 62 in the illustrated example is a designated for competition purposes railing motorcycle with a front wheel 63, a rear wheel 64, a driver's saddle 65, a fuel tank 66 and a handlebar 67, at which the basis of Fig. 8 illustrated throttle grip 18 is arranged.
- the driver of the motorcycle 62 can also reach the throttle body 1 arranged adjacent to the frame tube 68 and the actuator 2 arranged thereon to activate the cold start position of the throttle 6 even if it is already seated on the driver saddle 65 and has to activate the cold start position push the actuator knob 26 of his from only in the upward direction, whereby the cold start position is activated.
- the internal combustion engine 8 After he has started the engine 8, either by means of an electric starter or by means of a kick starter, the internal combustion engine 8 immediately decays into a stable idle in cold start mode and the driver can start immediately, without having to bring the engine to operating temperature in the state, like this has been customary in off-road sports. After a short time, the internal combustion engine has reached its operating temperature and the driver of the motorcycle actuates the throttle grip 18 in the direction of the closed position of the throttle valve 6, as above was explained. The driver does not have to press the cold start position with a manual operation of the actuator 2 directly to the throttle device 1, but can disable the cold start position of the throttle 6 remote access by simply pressing the throttle grip 18 against the opening direction of the throttle.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
Abstract
Es wird eine Drosselklappeneinrichtung (1) für eine Brennkraftmaschine (8) vorgeschlagen, mit einem Gehäuse (3) und einem einen Durchströmungsquerschnitt aufweisenden Saugrohr (7) und einer relativ zum Durchströmungsquerschnitt verschwenkbaren Drosselklappe (6), die mittels einer Drosselklappenwelle (5) betätigbar ist und mit einer am Gehäuse (3) angeordneten Stelleinrichtung (2), mittels der die Drosselklappe (6) in einer den Durchströmungsquerschnitt zumindest teilweise frei gebenden Kaltstartstellung lösbar festlegbar ist.A throttle valve device (1) for an internal combustion engine (8) is proposed, having a housing (3) and a suction pipe (7) having a flow cross section and a throttle flap (6) pivotable relative to the flow cross section, which can be actuated by means of a throttle valve shaft (5) and with an adjusting device (2) arranged on the housing (3), by means of which the throttle flap (6) can be releasably fixed in a cold starting position which at least partially releases the throughflow cross section.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Drosselklappeneinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine, mit einem Gehäuse und einem einen Durchströmungsquerschnitt aufweisenden Saugrohr und einer relativ zum Durchströmungsquerschnitt verschwenkbaren Drosselklappe, die mittels einer Drosselklappenwelle betätigbar ist, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a throttle valve device for an internal combustion engine, having a housing and a flow cross-section having a suction pipe and a relative to the flow cross-section pivotable throttle valve, which is actuated by means of a throttle shaft, according to the preamble of
Eine solche Drosselklappeneinrichtung kann der dosierten Zuführung eines Brennstoffluftgemisches zu einer Brennkraftmaschine dienen, die beispielsweise über eine elektronische Einrichtung gesteuert dem jeweiligen Drosselklappenwinkel entsprechend Brennstoff in das Saugrohr zugeführt erhält, das dann der Brennkraftmaschine zugeführt wird. Bei einer solchen, mit Saugrohreinspritzung arbeitenden Brennkraftmaschine wird über die Drosselklappe also die von der Brennkraftmaschine abgegebene Leistung gesteuert, indem die zugeführte Menge an Brennstoffluftgemisch mittels der Drosselklappe beeinflusst wird, indem der frei durchströmbare Querschnitt im Saugrohr durch die Winkelstellung der Drosselklappe relativ zum Durchströmungsquerschnitt verändert wird.Such a throttle valve device can serve for metered delivery of a fuel-air mixture to an internal combustion engine, which is supplied, for example via an electronic device, to the respective throttle valve in accordance with fuel supplied to the intake manifold, which is then supplied to the internal combustion engine. In such, working with intake manifold internal combustion engine is thus discharged via the throttle valve from the internal combustion engine Performance controlled by the supplied amount of fuel mixture is influenced by means of the throttle by the freely flowable cross section in the intake manifold is changed by the angular position of the throttle valve relative to the flow area.
Bei einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Einspritzung des Brennstoffs direkt in einen Arbeitszylinder der Brennkraftmaschine wird über die Drosselklappe die der Brennkraftmaschine zugeführte Menge an Verbrennungsluft beeinflusst, wiederum über eine Veränderung der Winkelstellung der Drosselklappe relativ zum Durchströmungsquerschnitt im Saugrohr.In an internal combustion engine with injection of the fuel directly into a working cylinder of the internal combustion engine, the amount of combustion air supplied to the internal combustion engine is influenced via the throttle valve, again via a change in the angular position of the throttle valve relative to the flow cross section in the intake manifold.
Wird eine noch nicht normale Betriebstemperatur aufweisende Brennkraftmaschine gestartet, ist die von der Brennkraftmaschine zur Herbeiführung eines stabilen Leerlaufs abzugebende Leistung höher als bei normaler Betriebstemperatur, da im kalten Zustand das Reibmoment der Brennkraftmaschine höher ist als im betriebswarmen Zustand. Dies kann mit einer im Kaltstartbetrieb erhöhten Leerlaufdrehzahl der Brennkraftmaschine ausgeglichen werden.If a not yet normal operating temperature having engine started, the output from the engine to bring about a stable idling power is higher than at normal operating temperature, since in the cold state, the friction torque of the internal combustion engine is higher than in the warm operating condition. This can be compensated with an increased idling speed of the internal combustion engine in cold start operation.
Bei einer mit einem Vergaser zur Kraftstoffzerstäubung arbeitenden bekannten Brennkraftmaschine wurde zu diesem Zweck das Kraftstoffluftgemisch über eine Drosselung der Menge an über den Hauptansaugluftkanal zuzuführender Ansaugluft angereichert.In a conventional internal combustion engine operating with a carburettor for fuel atomization, the fuel-air mixture has been enriched for this purpose by throttling the amount of intake air to be supplied via the main intake air passage.
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Insbesondere bei Wettbewerbsmotorrädern ist es von Bedeutung, die Eigenmasse des Fahrzeugs niedrig zu halten, weshalb solche Fahrzeuge oftmals mit einer seilzugbetätigten Drosselklappe ausgestattet sind, also auf einen Elektromotor zur Betätigung der Drosselklappe verzichtet wird. Bei einem bekannten, mit Kraftstoffeinspritzung arbeitenden Motorrad mit seilzugbetätigter Drosselklappe ist ein Bypass System für den Kaltstartbetrieb der Brennkraftmaschine vorgesehen und der Bypass kann vom Fahrer des Motorrads für den Kaltstartbetrieb geöffnet oder geschlossen werden.In particular, in competitive motorcycles, it is important to keep the net mass of the vehicle low, which is why such vehicles are often equipped with a cable-operated throttle, so an electric motor for actuation the throttle is omitted. In a known fuel-injected motorcycle with cable-operated throttle, a bypass system for the cold start operation of the internal combustion engine is provided and the bypass can be opened or closed by the driver of the motorcycle for cold start operation.
Dieses System weist aber den Nachteil auf, dass die Leerlaufregelung über den Bypass das MAP (manifold pressure signal) Sensorsignal verfälscht und eine für die Steuerung der Brennkraftmaschine vorgesehene elektronische Steuereinrichtung (ECU, engine control unit) das verfälschte Sensorsignal für die Bestimmung der einzuspritzenden Kraftstoffmenge verwendet. Auch kann die ECU die durch den Fahrer vorgenommenen Veränderung der Leerlaufluft nicht erfassen und stellt eine gleich bleibende Menge an Kraftstoff bereit, obwohl mehr oder weniger Leerlaufluft durch den Bypass zugeführt wird. Dies hat zur Folge, dass die Rohabgaswerte der Brennkraftmaschine zunehmen und kein stabiler Leerlauf im Kaltstartbetrieb erreicht wird.However, this system has the disadvantage that the idle control via the bypass, the MAP (manifold pressure signal) sensor signal is corrupted and provided for the control of the internal combustion engine electronic control unit (ECU, engine control unit) uses the falsified sensor signal for the determination of the amount of fuel to be injected , Also, the ECU can not detect the change of the idling air made by the driver and provides a constant amount of fuel although more or less idle air is supplied through the bypass. As a result, the raw exhaust gas values of the internal combustion engine increase and stable idling in the cold start operation is not achieved.
Wird das Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem im Kaltstartbetrieb betrieben, ist der Bypass geöffnet, so dass beim Öffnen der Drosselklappe der im Bypass bestehende Unterdruck sinkt, wodurch der Durchfluss an Luft durch den Bypass verringert wird und ein nur schwer abstimmbarer Übergangsbereich entsteht, was dazu führt, dass sich das Ansprechverhalten der Brennkraftmaschine verschlechtert und sich vom Ansprechverhalten bei betriebswarmer Brennkraftmaschine unterscheidet. Dies wiederum führt dazu, dass der Fahrer, der ein spontanes und stabiles Ansprechverhalten der Brennkraftmaschine erwartet, die Brennkraftmaschine oft im Stand und mit gezielten Gasstößen warm laufen lässt bis sie normale Betriebstemperatur erreicht hat.When the fuel injection system is operated in cold start mode, the bypass is open so that when the throttle valve is opened, the negative pressure in the bypass decreases, reducing the flow of air through the bypass and creating a difficult-to-tune transition area, causing the throttle body to swell Responsibility of the internal combustion engine deteriorates and differs from the response at low-operating internal combustion engine. This in turn means that the driver, who expects a spontaneous and stable response of the internal combustion engine, often keeps the engine warm while stationary and with targeted gas shocks until it has reached normal operating temperature.
Ausgehend hiervon liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine Drosselklappeneinrichtung zu schaffen, die diese Nachteile vermeidet und ein für den Fahrer einfach zu bedienendes Kaltstartsystem bereitstellt. Auch soll eine Brennkraftmaschine und ein Motorrad mit der zu schaffenden Drosselklappeneinrichtung bereitgestellt werden.Proceeding from this, the object of the present invention is to provide a throttle valve device which avoids these disadvantages and provides a cold start system that is easy to operate for the driver. Also, an internal combustion engine and providing a motorcycle with the throttle device to be created.
Die Erfindung weist zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe hinsichtlich der Drosselklappeneinrichtung die im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale auf. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen hiervon sind in den weiteren Ansprüchen beschrieben. Darüber hinaus weist die Erfindung hinsichtlich der Brennkraftmaschine die im Anspruch 15 angegebenen Merkmale und hinsichtlich des Motorrads die im Anspruch 16 angegebenen Merkmale auf.The invention has to solve this problem with respect to the throttle device on the features specified in
Die Erfindung schafft eine Drosselklappeneinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine, mit einem Gehäuse und einem einen Durchströmungsquerschnitt aufweisenden Saugrohr und einer relativ zum Durchströmungsquerschnitt verschwenkbaren Drosselklappe, die mittels einer Drosselklappenwelle betätigbar ist und einer am Gehäuse angeordneten Stelleinrichtung, mittels der die Drosselklappe in einer den Durchströmungsquerschnitt zumindest teilweise frei gebenden Kaltstartstellung lösbar festlegbar ist.The invention provides a throttle valve device for an internal combustion engine having a housing and a flow cross-section having a suction pipe and a pivotable relative to the flow throttle, which is actuated by means of a throttle shaft and a housing arranged on the adjusting device, by means of which the throttle in a flow cross-section at least partially free giving cold start position releasably fixed.
Bei der Brennkraftmaschine kann es sich beispielsweise um einen Einzylinder-Motorradmotor handeln, der zum Antrieb eines Wettbewerbsmotorrads, beispielsweise eines Geländesportmotorrads vorgesehen ist. Unabhängig davon ist die erfindungsgemäße Drosselklappeneinrichtung aber auch bei einzylindrigen oder mehrzylindrigen Brennkraftmaschinen anderer Fahrzeuge einsetzbar. Bei der Brennkraftmaschine kann es um eine mit Kraftstoffdirekteinspritzung oder Saugrohreinspritzung arbeitende Brennkraftmaschine handeln, es kann sich auch um eine mit Aufladung betriebene Brennkraftmaschine handeln. Obwohl vom Saugrohr gesprochen wird, ist damit auch der Fall umfasst, dass die Brennkraftmaschine mit Aufladung betrieben wird.The internal combustion engine can be, for example, a single-cylinder motorcycle engine, which is provided for driving a competition motorcycle, for example an off-road motorbike. Irrespective of this, the throttle valve device according to the invention can also be used in single-cylinder or multi-cylinder internal combustion engines of other vehicles. The internal combustion engine may be an internal combustion engine operating with direct fuel injection or port injection, and may also be an internal combustion engine operated with supercharging. Although it is spoken of the intake manifold, this also includes the case that the internal combustion engine is operated with charge.
Die erfindungsgemäße Drosselklappeneinrichtung weist ganz allgemein ein Gehäuse auf, welches zur Aufnahme oder Anordnung von üblichen Bauteilen einer Drosselklappeneinrichtung ausgebildet ist, wie beispielsweise einer Drosselklappenwelle, und auch beispielsweise einer Einrichtung, mit der die vom Fahrer ausgeübte Betätigungskraft auf die Drosselklappenwelle übertragen wird. Die erfindungsgemäße Drosselklappeneinrichtung weist auch eine beispielsweise im Saugrohr verschwenkbar angeordnete Drosselklappe auf, mit der der Durchströmungsquerschnitt des Saugrohrs verändert werden kann. Die erfindungsgemäße Drosselklappeneinrichtung besitzt eine Stelleinrichtung, mittels der die Drosselklappe in einer den Durchströmungsquerschnitt zumindest teilweise frei gebenden Kaltstartstellung lösbar festlegbar ist. Die Kaltstartstellung der Drosselklappe ist dabei eine den Durchströmungsquerschnitt in einer für den Kaltstartbetrieb der mit der erfindungsgemäßen Drosselklappeneinrichtung versehenen Brennkraftmaschine in geeigneter Weise frei gebende Stellung.The throttle valve device according to the invention generally has a housing which is designed for receiving or arranging conventional components of a throttle valve device, such as a throttle valve shaft, and also, for example, a device with which the actuation force exerted by the driver is transmitted to the throttle valve shaft. The throttle valve device according to the invention also has a, for example, in the intake manifold pivotally mounted throttle valve, with which the flow cross-section of the suction pipe can be changed. The throttle valve device according to the invention has an actuating device, by means of which the throttle valve in a the flow cross-section at least partially released releasing cold start position is releasably fixed. The cold start position of the throttle valve is a flow cross section in a suitable for the cold start operation of the provided with the throttle device according to the invention engine free position.
Es kann sich bei der Kaltstartstellung also um eine Stellung der Drosselklappe handeln, die den Durchströmungsquerschnitt des Saugrohrs weiter freigibt oder öffnet als die Stellung der Drosselklappe, die für den Leerlaufbetrieb der Brennkraftmaschine im betriebswarmen Zustand notwendig ist. Mit der so weiter geöffneten Drosselklappe wird der Brennkraftmaschine mehr Verbrennungsluft zugeführt, als dies beim Leerlaufbetrieb im betriebswarmen Zustand notwendig ist. Dieser Zustand wird von einem Sensor erfasst, der mit der ECU zusammenarbeitet, die eine beispielsweise in einem Kennfeld hinterlegte entsprechende Brennstoffmenge zur Einspritzung freigibt.It may therefore be a position of the throttle in the cold start position, which further opens or opens the flow cross section of the intake manifold as the position of the throttle valve, which is necessary for the idling operation of the internal combustion engine in the warm operating condition. With the throttle further opened, more internal combustion air is supplied to the internal combustion engine than is necessary during idling operation in the operating-warm state. This condition is detected by a sensor which cooperates with the ECU, which releases an appropriate amount of fuel stored for example in a map for injection.
Durch die Stelleinrichtung wird also der zwischen der Drosselklappe und dem Saugrohr gebildete Drosselspalt vergrößert, so dass der Brennkraftmaschine für den Kaltstart eine größere Menge an Verbrennungsluft zugeführt werden kann, als dies für den Leerlaufbetrieb im betriebswarmen Zustand notwendig ist. Damit ist der Bedarf an einem Leerlaufluft-Bypass System, wie es vorstehend erläutert wurde weggefallen.By the adjusting device thus formed between the throttle valve and the intake throttle throttle gap is increased, so that the internal combustion engine for the cold start a larger amount of combustion air can be supplied, as is necessary for the idling operation in the warm operating condition. This is the need to an idle air bypass system, as explained above has been omitted.
Die Stelleinrichtung kann vom Fahrer des Fahrzeugs leicht zugänglich vor der Einleitung des Kaltstartvorgangs in Betrieb genommen werden, so dass der Drosselspalt beim Kaltstartvorgang bereits vergrößert ist und sich im Saugrohr ein Unterdruck ausbildet, der von einem Sensor erfasst wird und an die ECU weitergeleitet wird, die dann eine verglichen mit dem Leerlaufbetrieb im betriebswarmen Zustand geringfügig erhöhte Kraftstoffmenge zur Einspritzung freigibt, so dass sich ein stabiler Kaltstartleerlauf einstellt, der nicht von sich verändernden Unterdruckwerten in einem Bypass System beeinflusst wird.The actuator can be easily accessed by the driver of the vehicle before the start of the cold start operation, so that the throttle gap is already increased in the cold start process and in the intake manifold forms a negative pressure, which is detected by a sensor and forwarded to the ECU, the then releases a slightly increased amount of fuel for injection compared to the idling mode in the warm operating condition, thereby establishing a stable cold start idle that is not affected by changing negative pressure values in a bypass system.
Wenn der Fahrer des mit der erfindungsgemäßen Drosselklappeneinrichtung betriebenen Fahrzeugs einen Anfahrvorgang durchführt, vergrößert er hierzu den Drosselspalt durch Gasgeben am Gasdrehgriff oder Gaspedal geringfügig weiter, die Druckverhältnisse im Saugrohr verändern sich und die ECU kann eine diesen geänderten Verhältnissen entsprechende geänderte Kraftstoffmenge zur Einspritzung freigeben. Der vorstehend beschriebene schwer abstimmbare Übergangsbereich ist weggefallen, da sich durch das Öffnen der Drosselklappe durch den Fahrer die Unterdruckverhältnisse im Leerlaufluft-Bypass-System nicht ändern können, da es in Wegfall geraten ist. Der so betriebene Motor weist sofort ein dem Fahrerwunsch entsprechendes Ansprechverhalten auf, ohne dass der Fahrer von seinem Verhalten Gebrauch machen muss, den kalten Motor im Standlaufbetrieb auf Betriebstemperatur zu bringen. Da auch im Kaltstartbetrieb nicht von einem Bypass System verfälschte Saugrohrsignale vorliegen, können die Rohemissionen der Brennkraftmaschine verringert werden, die Umwelt wird entlastet.If the driver of the vehicle operated with the throttle device according to the invention performs a starting process, he increases this, the throttle gap by accelerating the gas grip or accelerator slightly further, the pressure conditions in the intake manifold change and the ECU can release these changed conditions corresponding modified fuel quantity for injection. The hard-to-tune transition region described above has been eliminated, since the opening of the throttle valve by the driver, the negative pressure conditions in the idle air bypass system can not change, since it has fallen into elimination. The thus operated engine immediately has a responsiveness to the driver's request, without the driver having to make use of his behavior to bring the cold engine in operation operation to operating temperature. Since even in cold start mode falsified intake manifold signals are not present from a bypass system, the raw emissions of the internal combustion engine can be reduced, the environment is relieved.
Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Drosselklappenwelle mittels mindestens eines Seilzugs in Öffnungsrichtung der Drosselklappe betätigbar ist und der Seilzug in Wirkverbindung mit einer im Gehäuse angeordneten Seilzugtrommel angeordnet ist, welche mit der Drosselklappenwelle gekoppelt ist. Diese Konfiguration weist den Vorteil auf, dass die Seilzugtrommel geschützt ist gegen Beschädigungen und Verschmutzungen aufgrund von beispielsweise vom Vorderrad des Motorrads aufgewirbelter Steine, Staub, Schmutzpartikeln und dergleichen.According to a development of the invention it is provided that the throttle valve shaft actuated by means of at least one cable in the opening direction of the throttle valve is and the cable is arranged in operative connection with a housing arranged in the cable drum, which is coupled to the throttle shaft. This configuration has the advantage that the cable drum is protected against damage and dirt due to, for example, stones, dust, dirt particles and the like stirred up by the front wheel of the motorcycle.
Auch ist es nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass die Drosselklappenwelle mittels mindestens eines Seilzugs in Schließrichtung der Drosselklappe betätigbar ist und der Seilzug in Wirkverbindung mit einer im Gehäuse angeordneten Seilzugtrommel angeordnet ist, welche mit der Drosselklappenwelle gekoppelt ist. Bei dieser Seilzugtrommel für den Schließseilzug kann es sich um eine eigenständige, mit der Drosselklappenwelle in Wirkverbindung stehende Seilzugtrommel handeln, die unabhängig von der Seilzugtrommel für den Öffnungsseilzug vorgesehen ist. Auch ist es möglich, dass sowohl der Öffnungsseilzug als auch der Schließseilzug eine gemeinsame Seilzugtrommel betätigen, die mit der Drosselklappenwelle in Wirkverbindung steht und so die Drosselklappe vom Fahrer des Fahrzeugs sowohl aktiv geöffnet als auch aktiv geschlossen werden kann und zwar unter Zuhilfenahme des entsprechenden Seilzugs. Diese Konfiguration weist auch den Vorteil auf, dass die gegen die Wirkung einer Rückstellfeder zu öffnende Drosselklappe vom Fahrer des Fahrzeugs auch bei einer etwaigen Fehlfunktion der Rückstellfeder wieder aktiv geschlossen werden kann.It is also provided according to a development of the invention that the throttle shaft is actuated by means of at least one cable in the closing direction of the throttle and the cable is arranged in operative connection with a housing arranged in the cable drum, which is coupled to the throttle shaft. In this cable drum for the closing cable can be an independent, with the throttle valve shaft in operative connection cable drum, which is provided independently of the cable drum for the opening cable. It is also possible that both the opening cable and the closing cable actuate a common cable drum, which is in operative connection with the throttle shaft and thus the throttle can be both actively opened and actively closed by the driver of the vehicle and indeed with the aid of the corresponding cable. This configuration also has the advantage that the throttle valve to be opened against the action of a return spring can be actively closed again by the driver of the vehicle even in the event of a malfunction of the return spring.
Es ist dabei nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass die Stelleinrichtung zur manuellen Betätigung zur Herbeiführung der den Durchströmungsquerschnitt zumindest teilweise frei gebenden Kaltstartstellung der Drosselklappe und zur Aufhebung dieser Stellung ausgebildet ist. Es bedeutet dies mit anderen Worten, dass der Fahrer des Fahrzeugs die Stelleinrichtung vor dem Kaltstartvorgang ohne komplexe elektronische Steuereinrichtungen oder dergleichen einfach von Hand aktivieren kann, so dass die Drosselklappe ihre Kaltstartstellung einnimmt und die Stelleinrichtung auch wieder manuell direkt an der Stelleinrichtung oder durch mechanischen Fernzugriff auf die Stelleinrichtung deaktivieren kann, das heißt aus ihrer Kaltstartstellung in die Stellung für den betriebswarmen Motor zurückführen kann.It is provided according to a development of the invention that the adjusting device is designed for manual actuation for bringing about the flow cross-section at least partially released cold start position of the throttle valve and to cancel this position. In other words, it means that the driver of the vehicle can easily manually activate the actuator before the cold start operation without complex electronic control devices or the like, so that the throttle valve assumes its cold start position and the actuator again manually disable directly on the actuator or by mechanical remote access to the actuator, that can return from their cold start position in the position for the warm engine.
Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist es vorgesehen, dass die Stelleinrichtung zur Aufhebung der den Durchströmungsquerschnitt zumindest teilweise frei gebenden Kaltstartstellung der Drosselklappe mittels einer Betätigung durch einen Seilzug ausgebildet ist. Bei dieser Konfiguration handelt es sich um eine Möglichkeit des Fernzugriffs oder der Fernbetätigung der Drosselklappe aus der Kaltstartstellung heraus durch den Fahrer des Fahrzeugs. Es kann für die Deaktivierung der Kaltstartstellung der Drosselklappe auch ein eigenständiger, also gesonderter Seilzug am Fahrzeug vorgesehen sein.According to an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the adjusting device is designed to cancel the flow cross-section at least partially released cold start position of the throttle valve by means of an operation by a cable. This configuration is a possibility of remote access or remote control of the throttle from the cold start position by the driver of the vehicle. It can be provided on the vehicle for the deactivation of the cold start position of the throttle and a separate, so separate cable.
Es ist nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass die Stelleinrichtung mittels eines Seilzugs zur Betätigung der Drosselklappe in Schließrichtung aus der den Durchströmungsquerschnitt zumindest teilweise frei gebenden betätigten Kaltstartstellung der Drosselklappe in eine von der Stelleinrichtung unbetätigte Stellung der Drosselklappe verbringbar ist. Es bedeutet dies mit anderen Worten, dass der Fahrer des Fahrzeugs die Kaltstartstellung der Drosselklappe einfach dadurch aufheben kann, dass er den Seilzug für die Betätigung der Drosselklappe in Schließrichtung betätigt, also beispielsweise bei einem an einem Motorrad vorgesehenen Gasdrehgriff den Gasdrehgriff in Richtung nach vorne, also in Schließrichtung der Drosselklappe dreht, wodurch die Stelleinrichtung aus ihrer die Drosselklappe in Kaltstartstellung haltenden Stellung oder Position herausbewegt wird und zwar zu einer die Drosselklappe nicht mehr in Kaltstartstellung haltenden Position, wodurch der in Kaltstartstellung vergrößerte Drosselspalt im Saugrohr verringert wird.It is provided according to a development of the invention that the adjusting means by means of a cable for actuating the throttle valve in the closing direction from the flow cross-section at least partially released releasing actuated cold start position of the throttle valve in one of the actuator unactuated position of the throttle can be brought. It means in other words that the driver of the vehicle can cancel the cold start position of the throttle just by pressing the cable for the operation of the throttle in the closing direction, so for example in a provided on a motorcycle throttle grip the throttle grip in the forward direction, that is, in the closing direction of the throttle rotates, whereby the actuator is moved out of its throttle position in the cold start position or position and to a throttle valve no longer in the cold start position holding position, whereby the enlarged in cold start position throttle gap in the intake manifold is reduced.
Der Fahrer des mit der erfindungsgemäßen Drosselklappeneinrichtung ausgestatteten Fahrzeugs aktiviert also zum Kaltstart der Brennkraftmaschine die Stelleinrichtung, indem er sie manuell betätigt, was dazu führt, dass der Drosselspalt im Saugrohr vergrößert wird, indem die Drosselklappe um einen vorbestimmten Drehwinkelbetrag verschwenkt wird und daraufhin kann der Fahrer den Kaltstartvorgang wie gewohnt durchführen, der Motor verfällt sofort in einen stabilen Leerlauf und der Fahrer kann das Motorrad wie gewohnt benutzen und kann dann, beispielsweise während einer kurzen Standzeit oder auch bei einer Phase, bei der sich der Motor im Schubbetrieb befindet, den Gasdrehgriff in Schließrichtung der Drosselklappe betätigen, während des Schubbetrieb also um einen kleinen Drehwinkelbetrag in Richtung nach vorne betätigen, so dass die Stelleinrichtung deaktiviert wird und die Kaltstartstellung der Drosselklappe aufgehoben wird.Thus, the driver of the vehicle equipped with the throttle device according to the invention activates the control device for a cold start of the internal combustion engine, by manually actuating them, which results in increasing the throttle gap in the intake manifold by pivoting the throttle a predetermined amount of rotation and then allowing the driver to perform the cold start as usual, the engine immediately decays to a stable idle and the driver can Use the motorcycle as usual and then, for example, during a short life or even at a phase in which the engine is in overrun, the throttle grip in the closing direction of the throttle actuate, ie during the pushing operation by a small amount of rotational angle in the forward direction so that the actuator is deactivated and the cold start position of the throttle is released.
Der Fahrer des Motorrads muss also nicht mehr eine etwaig vorhandene Kaltstarteinrichtung am Gehäuse der Drosselklappeneinrichtung zur Deaktivierung der Kaltstarteinrichtung durch direkte manuelle Bedienung der Kaltstarteinrichtung am Gehäuse der Drosselklappe handhaben, was bei einem Motor, der bereits Betriebstemperatur erreicht hat, aufgrund der Wärmeabstrahlung des Motors und/oder im Bereich des Motors und einer Drosselklappeneinrichtung laufender Abgasleitungen die Gefahr mit sich bringt, dass sich der Fahrer die Hand oder die Finger verbrennt. Die erfindungsgemäße Drosselklappeneinrichtung sorgt also auch für einen erheblichen Komfortgewinn beim Fahrer. Die erfindungsgemäße Drosselklappeneinrichtung zeichnet sich durch einen einfachen Aufbau aus.The driver of the motorcycle no longer has to handle any existing cold start device on the housing of the throttle device for deactivating the cold start device by direct manual operation of the cold start device on the housing of the throttle valve, resulting in an engine that has already reached operating temperature due to the heat emission of the engine and / or in the region of the engine and a throttle device running exhaust pipes brings with it the danger that the driver burns his hand or fingers. The throttle valve device according to the invention thus also ensures a considerable gain in comfort for the driver. The throttle valve device according to the invention is characterized by a simple structure.
Es ist nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass die Stelleinrichtung eine Federeinrichtung und einen gegen die Wirkung der Federeinrichtung axial verschiebbaren Stellstift aufweist, der mit einem an der Seilzugtrommel ausgebildeten Anschlag in Anlage bringbar ist derart, dass die Drosselklappe um einen vorbestimmten Drehwinkel zur Herbeiführung einer den Durchströmungsquerschnitt zumindest teilweise frei gebenden betätigten Kaltstartstellung der Drosselklappe verschwenkbar ist.It is provided according to a development of the invention that the adjusting device comprises a spring device and a against the action of the spring device axially displaceable setting pin which can be brought into abutment with a trained on the cable drum stop in such a way that the throttle valve to bring about a predetermined rotation angle the flow cross-section at least partially releasing actuated cold start position of the throttle is pivotable.
Wenn der Fahrer des mit der erfindungsgemäßen Drosselklappeneinrichtung ausgestatteten Fahrzeugs einen Kaltstart der Brennkraftmaschine durchführen möchte, muss er lediglich den Stellstift um eine vorbestimmte Wegstrecke axial verschieben, so dass die axiale Verlagerung dazu führt, dass ein Endabschnitt des Stellstifts mit einem an der Seilzugtrommel ausgebildeten Anschlag in Anlage kommt und eine weitere axiale Verlagerung des Stellstifts, vorzugsweise bis dieser eine Raststellung eingenommen hat, dazu führt, dass die Seilzugtrommel um einen vorbestimmten Drehwinkel verdreht wird und die Drehbewegung der Seilzugtrommel über die Drosselklappenwelle auf die Drosselklappe übertragen wird, so dass der Drosselspalt im Saugrohr entsprechend des Luftbedarfs der Brennkraftmaschine im Kaltstartbetrieb vergrößert wird.When the driver of the vehicle equipped with the throttle device according to the invention wants to perform a cold start of the internal combustion engine, he only has to move the adjusting pin axially by a predetermined distance so that the axial displacement causes one end portion of the actuating pin formed with a formed on the cable drum stop in Plant comes and a further axial displacement of the adjusting pin, preferably until it has taken a detent position, causes the cable drum is rotated by a predetermined angle of rotation and the rotational movement of the cable drum is transmitted via the throttle shaft to the throttle, so that the throttle gap in the intake manifold is increased in accordance with the air requirement of the internal combustion engine in cold start operation.
Die Drehbewegung der Seilzugtrommel zur Herbeiführung des für den Kaltstart benötigten Drosselspalts im Saugrohr wird über den Seilzug für die Schließbewegung der Drosselklappe auf den Gasdrehgriff des Motorrads übertragen, so dass dieser automatisch in eine Drehwinkelstellung verdreht wird, die einer leicht geöffneten Gasdrehgriffstellung entspricht und somit ein für die Schließbetätigung der Drosselklappe zur Deaktivierung der Stelleinrichtung und damit Deaktivierung der Kaltstartstellung der Drosselklappe ausreichender Rückdrehwinkel am Gasdrehgriff herbeigeführt wird, ohne dass der Fahrer hierzu am Motorrad Eingriffe vornehmen muss.The rotational movement of the cable drum to bring about the required for the cold start throttle gap in the intake manifold is transmitted via the cable for the closing movement of the throttle on the throttle grip of the motorcycle, so that it is automatically rotated in a rotational position corresponding to a slightly open throttle position and thus a for the closing operation of the throttle valve for deactivation of the adjusting device and thus deactivation of the cold start position of the throttle sufficient retraction angle is brought about on the throttle grip, without the driver must make interventions on the motorcycle.
Es ist nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung auch vorgesehen, dass die Stelleinrichtung Rastmittel aufweist, welche die Stelleinrichtung in der den Durchströmungsquerschnitt zumindest teilweise frei gebenden betätigten Kaltstartstellung der Drosselklappe lösbar festlegen. Die Rastmittel sorgen dafür, dass die Kaltstartstellung der Drosselklappe aufrechterhalten wird, bis der Fahrer des Fahrzeugs die Stelleinrichtung und damit die Kaltstartstellung der Drosselklappe deaktiviert, indem er den Gasdrehgriff entgegen der Wirkung der Rastmittel in Richtung der Schließrichtung der Drosselklappe betätigt, so dass sich die Rastmittel aus der Raststellung lösen und somit der federbelastete Stellstift in seine Ausgangsstellung zurückspringt, in der er sich nicht mehr mit dem Anschlag der Seilzugtrommel in Kontakt befindet.It is also provided according to a development of the invention that the actuating device has latching means which releasably fix the actuating device in the flow cross-section at least partially released actuated cold start position of the throttle. The locking means ensure that the cold start position of the throttle is maintained until the driver of the vehicle deactivates the actuator and thus the cold start position of the throttle by the throttle grip against the action of the locking means in the direction of the closing direction Throttle operated, so that the locking means release from the detent position and thus the spring-loaded actuating pin springs back to its original position in which it is no longer in contact with the stop of the cable drum.
Es ist dabei nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass die Stelleinrichtung einen mit einer Innenausnehmung ausgebildeten hülsenförmigen Körper aufweist, der zur Aufnahme des Stellstifts ausgebildet ist und der Stellstift entlang eines ersten längs verlaufenden Abschnitts in einem mit einer Innenausnehmung ausgebildeten Halter angeordnet ist. Diese Konfiguration sorgt dafür, dass eine Relativverlagerung des Stellstifts relativ zum Halter möglich ist, so dass der mit dem Anschlag an der Seilzugtrommel in Eingriff bringbare Endabschnitt des Stellstifts hinsichtlich seines Abstands relativ zum Anschlag verstellbar ist und infolgedessen eine Verlagerungsbewegung des Halters um einem vorbestimmten Verlagerungsweg in Abhängigkeit des genannten Abstands zu einer Veränderung des durch die Verlagerungsbewegung des Halters herbeigeführten Drehwinkels der Seilzugtrommel führt.It is provided according to a development of the invention that the adjusting device has a sleeve-shaped body formed with an inner recess, which is designed to receive the adjusting pin and the adjusting pin is arranged along a first longitudinal section in a holder formed with an inner recess. This configuration ensures that a relative displacement of the actuating pin relative to the holder is possible, so that the engageable with the stop on the cable drum end portion of the actuating pin is adjustable in its distance relative to the stop and consequently a displacement movement of the holder by a predetermined displacement path in Dependence of said distance leads to a change in the caused by the displacement movement of the holder rotation angle of the cable drum.
Mit dieser Konfiguration kann der durch die Betätigung der Stelleinrichtung erzielbare Kaltstartstellungsdrehwinkel der Drosselklappe motorspezifisch verändert werden. Mit dieser Konfiguration kann eine standardisierte Stelleinrichtung an unterschiedliches Kaltstartverhalten zeigende Brennkraftmaschinen angepasst werden.With this configuration, the cold start position rotation angle of the throttle valve achievable by the operation of the actuator can be engine-specifically changed. With this configuration, a standardized adjusting device can be adapted to different internal combustion engines showing cold start behavior.
Es ist nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass der Halter in der Innenausnehmung des hülsenförmigen Körpers relativ zu diesem axial verschiebbar aufgenommen ist und am Außenumfang eine Einbuchtung aufweist, die mit einer am Innenumfang des hülsenförmigen Körpers ausgebildeten Ausbuchtung zur Herbeiführung einer Raststellung der Stelleinrichtung in lösbaren Eingriff bringbar ist. Auf diese Weise lassen sich kostengünstig die vorstehend erwähnten Rastmittel realisieren, so kann beispielsweise der Halter und der hülsenförmige Körper jeweils aus einem Kunststoffwerkstoff gebildet sein und eine Axialverlagerung des Halters und damit des Stellstifts führt dazu, dass die Einbuchtung des Halters in der Ausbuchtung des hülsenförmigen Körpers zu liegen kommt und somit eine Raststellung zwischen den beiden Bauteilen und damit der Stelleinrichtung implementiert werden kann.It is provided according to a development of the invention that the holder is received in the inner recess of the sleeve-shaped body relative to this axially displaceable and on the outer circumference has a recess which is releasable with a formed on the inner circumference of the sleeve-shaped body bulge for bringing about a locking position of the actuating device Intervention can be brought. In this way, the above-mentioned latching means can be realized inexpensively, so for example, the holder and the sleeve-shaped body can be each formed of a plastic material and an axial displacement of the holder and so that the adjusting pin causes the indentation of the holder comes to lie in the bulge of the sleeve-shaped body and thus a detent position between the two components and thus the adjusting device can be implemented.
Es ist nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung auch vorgesehen, dass der Stellstift im Bereich eines einem Betätigungsknopf zugewandeten Endabschnitts einen Gewindeabschnitt aufweist, entlang dessen der Stellstift relativ zu dem mit einem korrespondierenden Gewindeabschnitt versehenen Halter verdrehbar und axial verlagerbar ist derart, dass ein aus einem Gehäuseabschnitt der Stelleinrichtung heraus ragender Endabschnitt oder Eingriffsabschnitt, der mit dem Anschlag der Seilzugtrommel in Anlage bringbar ist, hinsichtlich der herausragenden Länge des Endabschnitts veränderbar ist. Auf diese Weise kann die Stelleinrichtung für Drosselklappeneinrichtungen unterschiedlicher Brennkraftmaschinen mit unterschiedlichem Kaltstartverhalten eingesetzt werden, wie es vorstehend bereits erwähnt worden ist.It is also provided according to a development of the invention that the adjusting pin in the region of an actuating button facing end portion has a threaded portion along which the adjusting pin is rotatable and axially displaceable relative to the provided with a corresponding threaded portion holder such that a from a housing portion of Actuator out projecting end portion or engagement portion, which is engageable with the stop of the cable drum in Appendix, with respect to the outstanding length of the end portion is changeable. In this way, the adjusting device for throttle valve devices of different internal combustion engines can be used with different cold start behavior, as has already been mentioned above.
Es ist nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung und alternativen Ausführungsform auch möglich, dass der Stellstift einen sich entlang der Längsrichtung des Stellstifts in Richtung zum Gehäuse verjüngenden Abschnitt aufweist, der mit einem an der Innenausnehmung des Halters ausgebildeten Vorsprung zusammenwirkt derart, dass eine Haltekraft zwischen dem sich verjüngenden Abschnitt und dem Vorsprung veränderbar ist. Auf diese Weise kann eine sich entlang der Verlagerungsbewegung des Stellstifts relativ zum Halter veränderbare, beispielsweise ansteigende Haltekraft realisiert werden, die dem Fahrer des Fahrzeugs bei der Betätigung der Stelleinrichtung signalisiert, dass mit steigender Haltekraft die Raststellung zwischen dem Halter und dem Stellstift näher kommt. Es ist also eine taktile Signalisierung der kurz bevorstehenden Raststellung für den Fahrer möglich.It is also possible according to a development of the invention and alternative embodiment that the adjusting pin has a tapered along the longitudinal direction of the adjusting pin in the direction of the housing portion which cooperates with a formed on the inner recess of the holder projection such that a holding force between the tapered section and the projection is changeable. In this way, a variable along the displacement movement of the adjusting pin relative to the holder, for example, increasing holding force can be realized, which signals to the driver of the vehicle upon actuation of the actuator that with increasing holding force, the detent position between the holder and the adjusting pin comes closer. So it is a tactile signaling the imminent locking position for the driver possible.
Es ist nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung auch vorgesehen, dass an dem sich verjüngenden Abschnitt an dem vom Gehäuse abgewandten Bereich des Stellstifts ein Absatz ausgebildet ist, der vom Vorsprung des Halters hintergreifbar ist. Mit zunehmender Haltekraft erkennt der Fahrer des Fahrzeugs, dass die Raststellung der Stelleinrichtung kurz bevorsteht und eine weitere Verlagerungsbewegung des Stellstifts relativ zum Halter dann dazu führen wird, dass der Vorsprung des Halters hinter den am Stellstift ausgebildeten Absatz eingreifen wird und somit die Raststellung der Stelleinrichtung und damit die vorbestimmte Kaltstartstellung der Drosselklappe hergestellt worden ist.It is also provided according to a development of the invention that at the tapered portion on the side facing away from the housing region of the actuating pin a shoulder is formed, which is engaged behind by the projection of the holder. With increasing holding force recognizes the driver of the vehicle that the detent position of the actuator is imminent and then a further displacement movement of the actuating pin relative to the holder will cause the projection of the holder behind the pin formed on the actuating pin will engage and thus the detent position of the actuator and so that the predetermined cold start position of the throttle has been established.
Es ist nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung auch vorgesehen, dass die Drosselklappeneinrichtung einen ersten Seilzug zur Betätigung der Drosselklappe in Öffnungsrichtung und einen zweiten Seilzug zur Betätigung der Drosselklappe in Schließrichtung und einen mit beiden Seilzügen gekoppelten Drehgriff aufweist, wobei eine Betätigung des Drehgriffs in Richtung der Schließrichtung der Drosselklappe die Stelleinrichtung mit einer Rückstellkraft beaufschlagt, die zu einer Aufhebung der Kaltstartstellung der Drosselklappe führt. Auf diese Weise kann die erfindungsgemäße Drosselklappeneinrichtung zusammen mit allen benötigten Bauteilen auch als add-on Lösung für bereits vorhandene, bekannte Motorräder vorgesehen werden, die nicht mit der erfindungsgemäßen Drosselklappeneinrichtung ausgestattet sind und somit eine technische Aufwertung erfahren, verbunden mit einem Komfortgewinn für den Benutzer des Fahrzeugs.It is also provided according to a development of the invention that the throttle valve device comprises a first cable for actuating the throttle valve in the opening direction and a second cable for actuating the throttle valve in the closing direction and coupled with two cables rotary handle, wherein an actuation of the rotary handle in the direction of the closing direction the throttle valve applied to the actuating device with a restoring force, which leads to a cancellation of the cold start position of the throttle valve. In this way, the throttle device according to the invention can be provided together with all the necessary components as an add-on solution for existing, known motorcycles, which are not equipped with the throttle valve device according to the invention and thus experience a technical upgrade, combined with a gain in comfort for the user vehicle.
Schließlich sieht die Erfindung auch eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Drosselklappeneinrichtung vor, wie sie vorstehend beschrieben wurde und auch ein Motorrad mit einem Fahrersattel und einer Brennkraftmaschine und der erfindungsgemäßen Drosselklappeneinrichtung.Finally, the invention also provides an internal combustion engine with a throttle valve device, as described above, and also a motorcycle with a driver's seat and an internal combustion engine and the throttle device according to the invention.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Diese zeigt in:
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Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht auf eine Drosselklappeneinrichtung nach einer Ausführungsform gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung in einer unbetätigten Stellung der geschnitten dargestellten Stelleinrichtung; -
Fig. 2 eine Ansicht ähnlichFig. 1 , bei der die Stelleinrichtung betätigt worden ist und sich der Drosselklappe in der Kaltstartstellung befindet; -
Fig. 3 eine Ansicht ähnlichFig. 1 , bei der die Drosselklappe vollständig geöffnet ist; -
Fig. 4 eine Schnittansicht der Stelleinrichtung in unbetätigtem Zustand; -
Fig. 5 eine Schnittansicht der Stelleinrichtung in betätigtem Zustand; -
Fig. 6 eine Darstellung einer Stelleinrichtung nach einer modifizierten Ausführungsform; -
Fig. 7 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Seilzugtrommel der Drosselklappeneinrichtung; -
Fig. 8 eine schematische Darstellung eines Gasdrehgriffs eines mit der erfindungsgemäßen Drosselklappeneinrichtung versehenen Motorrads; -
Fig. 9 eine Schnittansicht von vorne auf den Gasdrehgriff nachFig. 8 , die den Abschnitt des Gasdrehgriffs zeigt, an dem Seilzüge zur Betätigung der Drosselklappe eingehängt werden können und zwar in einer Stellung, die der Leerlaufstellung der Drosselklappe bei betriebswarmer Brennkraftmaschine entspricht; -
Fig. 10 eine Darstellung ähnlichFig. 9 , die die Drehwinkelstellung bei betätigter Stelleinrichtung zeigt; -
Fig. 11 eine schematische Seitenansicht auf ein Motorrad mit der erfindungsgemäßen Drosselklappeneinrichtung; und -
Fig. 12 eine vergrößerte Darstellung des Details "A" ausFig. 11 . -
Fig. 1 der Zeichnung zeigt eine Seitenansicht auf eine Ausführungsform einer Drosselklappeneinrichtung 1 mit einer inSchnittansicht dargestellten Stelleinrichtung 2 in unbetätigter Stellung.
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Fig. 1 a side view of a throttle valve device according to an embodiment according to the present invention in an unactuated position of the cut actuator shown; -
Fig. 2 a view similarFig. 1 in which the actuating device has been actuated and the throttle valve is in the cold start position; -
Fig. 3 a view similarFig. 1 with the throttle fully open; -
Fig. 4 a sectional view of the actuating device in the unactuated state; -
Fig. 5 a sectional view of the actuating device in the actuated state; -
Fig. 6 an illustration of a control device according to a modified embodiment; -
Fig. 7 a perspective view of a cable drum of the throttle valve device; -
Fig. 8 a schematic representation of a throttle grip of a provided with the throttle device according to the invention motorcycle; -
Fig. 9 a sectional view from the front of the throttle grip afterFig. 8 showing the portion of the throttle grip on which cables for operating the throttle valve can be hung and in a position corresponding to the idling position of the throttle valve in operating-warming internal combustion engine; -
Fig. 10 a representation similarFig. 9 showing the rotational angle position when actuated actuating device; -
Fig. 11 a schematic side view of a motorcycle with the throttle valve device according to the invention; and -
Fig. 12 an enlarged view of the detail "A" fromFig. 11 , -
Fig. 1 The drawing shows a side view of an embodiment of athrottle valve device 1 with asetting device 2 shown in a sectional view in the unactuated position.
Die Drosselklappeneinrichtung 1 weist ein Gehäuse 3 auf, welches zur Aufnahme einer näher anhand von
Die Seilzugtrommel 4 steht über eine Drosselklappenwelle 5 mit der Drosselklappe 6 kraftschlüssig in Verbindung, so dass eine Relativdrehung der Seilzugtrommel 4 über die Drosselklappenwelle 5 auf die Drosselklappe 6 übertragen werden kann und zwar zum Öffnen und zum Schließen der Drosselklappe 6, also zur Vergrößerung und Verkleinerung eines zwischen der Drosselklappe 6 und einem Saugrohr 7 einer anhand von
In
An der Seilzugtrommel 4 befinden sich zwei Seilzugaufnahmen 9, 10 für in
Der Seilzug 19 zum Öffnen der Drosselklappe 6 tritt dabei über eine Öffnung 13 des Gehäuses 3 in das Gehäuse 3 ein und der Seilzug 20 zum Schließen der Drosselklappe 6 tritt über eine Öffnung 14 in das Gehäuse 3 ein.The
Die Seilzüge 19, 20 können dann über Seilzugenden in am Gasdrehgriff 18 entsprechend ausgebildete Seilzugaufnahmen 21, 22 eingehängt werden, die anhand von
Wie es anhand von
In der in
Dahingegen findet bei der in
In
Nachfolgend wird nun näher anhand von
Die Stelleinrichtung 2 weist insgesamt eine lang gestreckte Konfiguration auf mit einem Betätigungsknopf 26, der zur manuellen Bedienung durch eine Hand des Fahrers des Motorrads nach
Der Betätigungsknopf weist eine Ausnehmung 28 auf, in die ein Eingriffsabschnitt 29 des Halters 27 eingebracht werden kann, beispielsweise in der Form eines einer Presspassung ähnlichen Sitzes.The operating knob has a
Der Halter 27 weist ebenfalls eine lang gestreckte Konfiguration auf und besitzt eine Innenausnehmung 30, in die der lang gestreckte Stellstift 25 eingebracht werden kann. An einem ersten Abschnitt 31 des Stellstifts 25 ist dieser mit einem Außengewindeabschnitt 32 versehen, über den der Stellstift 25 in einen korrespondierenden Abschnitt mit einem Innengewindeabschnitt 33 des Halters 27 eingeschraubt werden kann. Über das Gewinde kann der lichte Abstand 34 (
Mit dem Gewinde kann daher in vorteilhafter Weise auf das Kaltstartverhalten unterschiedlicher Brennkraftmaschinen reagiert werden derart, dass der lichte Abstand 34 beispielsweise vergrößert wird, wodurch der Abstand zwischen dem Anschlag 23 und dem Eingriffsabschnitt 24 verkleinert wird und eine axiale Verschiebung des Stellstifts 25 zur Herbeiführung der Kaltstartstellung der Drosselklappe 6 dann für einen größeren Drosselspalt sorgt als bei kleinerem lichten Abstand 34 und der Brennkraftmaschine dann eine größere Menge an Kraftstoffluftgemisch für den Kaltstartbetrieb zugeführt wird. In ähnlicher Weise kann der Abstand 34 auch verkleinert werden, wodurch die Kaltstartstellung der Drosselklappe 6 dann mit einem kleineren Drosselspalt im Saugrohr 7 verbunden ist.With the thread can therefore be reacted to the cold start behavior of different internal combustion engines in an advantageous manner such that the
Zur Herbeiführung der in
Wie es ohne weiteres anhand von
Zur Herbeiführung einer Raststellung im betätigten Zustand der Stelleinrichtung 2 wird der Stellstift 25 entgegen der Wirkung der Schraubendruckfeder 35 axial verschoben, so dass eine Ausbuchtung 42 am Außenumfang des Halters 27 über die Ausbuchtung 40 des hülsenförmigen Körpers 36 verschoben wird und die Ausbuchtung 42 mittels der nun vorgespannten Schraubendruckfeder 35 gegen die Ausbuchtung 40 gedrückt wird und somit eine Raststellung im betätigten Zustand der Stelleinrichtung 2 und damit in der Kaltstartstellung der Drosselklappe 6 herbeigeführt wird.To bring about a detent position in the actuated state of the
Wie es ohne weiteres anhand von
Die Stelleinrichtung 2 stützt sich über einen Kragen 43 an einem Bund 44 des Gehäuses 2 ab und besitzt im Bereich des auskragenden Eingriffsabschnitts 24 eine Kappe 45, welche im Bereich des oberen Innenumfangs einen Absatz 46 aufweist, welcher bei einer größten auskragenden Länge B2 mit einem am Stellstift 25 ausgebildeten korrespondierenden Absatz 47 in Eingriff gelangt, um ein weiteres Auskragen des Eingriffsabschnitts 24 zu vermeiden.The adjusting
Die Haltekraft steigt mit dem Betrag der Verschiebebewegung des Stellstifts 48 in Richtung des Pfeils A (siehe
Die Seilzüge 19, 20 treten über die Führung 54 des Gasdrehgriffs 18 in das Gehäuse 56 ein und können dort an einer Seilzugscheibe 57, welche ähnlich zur Seilzugtrommel 4 ausgebildet ist, lösbar festgelegt werden und zwar derart, dass die dem Gasdrehgriff 18 zugewandten Seilzugenden beziehungsweise Seilzugnippel in die Seilzugaufnahmen 21, 22 eingeführt und dort festgelegt werden.The
Die Seilzugaufnahme 21 dient dabei der Aufnahme des Seilzugendes des Öffnungsseilzugs 19 während die Seilzugaufnahme 22 der Aufnahme des Seilzugendes des Schließseilzugs 20 dient.The
Wie es ohne weiteres ersichtlich ist, ist der Gasdrehgriff 18 nach
Diese Stellung des Gasdrehgriffs 18 nach
Nachdem die noch nicht Betriebstemperatur aufweisende Brennkraftmaschine 8 gestartet wurde und zwar mit der
Diese Zugkraft führt dazu, dass über den Anschlag 23 der Seilzugtrommel 4 eine in Richtung des Pfeils 61 nach
Zur Erläuterung, warum dies von Vorteil ist, wird auf
Wie es ohne weiteres ersichtlich ist, ist die Stelleinrichtung 2 an der Drosselklappeneinrichtung 1 in Richtung nach unten orientiert am Motorrad 62 angeordnet, wodurch erreicht wird, dass bei einem etwaigen Bauteildefekt der Stelleinrichtung 2 die Drosselklappe 6 nicht unbeabsichtigt ihre Kaltstartstellung einnehmen kann und damit nicht in unbeabsichtigter Weise der Drosselspalt im Saugrohr 7 vergrößert wird.As can be readily seen, the adjusting
Bei dem Motorrad 62 handelt es sich bei dem dargestellten Beispiel um ein zu Wettbewerbszwecken vorgesehenes Geländersportmotorrad mit einem Vorderrad 63, einem Hinterrad 64, einem Fahrersattel 65, einem Kraftstofftank 66 und einer Lenkstange 67, an der der anhand von
Wie es anhand von
Nachdem er die Brennkraftmaschine 8 gestartet hat, sei es mittels einer elektrischen Startvorrichtung oder mittels eines Kickstarters, verfällt die Brennkraftmaschine 8 sofort in einen stabilen Leerlauf im Kaltstartbetrieb und der Fahrer kann unmittelbar losfahren, ohne den Motor im Stand auf Betriebstemperatur bringen zu müssen, wie dies bislang im Geländesportbereich üblich ist. Nach kurzer Zeit hat die Brennkraftmaschine ihre Betriebstemperatur erreicht und der Fahrer des Motorrads betätigt den Gasdrehgriff 18 in Richtung der Schließstellung der Drosselklappe 6, wie dies vorstehend erläutert wurde. Der Fahrer muss also die Kaltstartstellung nicht mit einer manuellen Betätigung der Stelleinrichtung 2 direkt an der Drosselklappeneinrichtung 1 betätigen, sondern kann die Kaltstartstellung der Drosselklappe 6 über Fernzugriff durch einfache Betätigung des Gasdrehgriffs 18 entgegen der Öffnungsrichtung der Drosselklappe deaktivieren. Dies führt zu einem erheblichen Komfortgewinn für den Fahrer auch deshalb, da bei Geländesportmotorrädern die von der Brennkraftmaschine 8 ausgehende Abgasleitung 69 oftmals in Höhe der Brennkraftmaschine direkt nach hinten geführt wird, wie dies anhand der in
Bei kalter Abgasleitung besteht für den Fahrer des Motorrads 62 kein Problem darin, die unmittelbar zur Abgasleitung 69 beziehungsweise zum Abgaskrümmer benachbart angeordnete Stelleinrichtung 2 zu aktivieren, während eine Deaktivierung durch direkt Manipulation der Stelleinrichtung bei heißer Abgasleitung die Gefahr einer Verletzung der Hand oder der Finger des Fahrers mit sich bringt. Dieses Problem ist elegant dadurch gelöst worden, dass der Fahrer des Fahrzeugs die Kaltstartstellung der Drosselklappe mittels einer Betätigung des Gasdrehgriffs in Schließrichtung der Drosselklappe einfach und sicher deaktivieren kann.When the exhaust pipe is cold, there is no problem for the driver of the motorcycle 62 to activate the
Hinsichtlich vorstehend im einzelnen nicht näher erläuterter Merkmale der Erfindung wird in übrigen ausdrücklich auf die Patentansprüche und die Zeichnung verwiesen.With regard to the features of the invention which are not explained in greater detail above, reference is expressly made to the claims and the drawings.
- 1.1.
- Drosselklappeneinrichtungthrottle device
- 2.Second
- Stelleinrichtungsetting device
- 3.Third
- Gehäusecasing
- 4.4th
- Seilzugtrommelcable drum
- 5.5th
- Drosselklappenwellethrottle shaft
- 6.6th
- Drosselklappethrottle
- 7.7th
- Saugrohrsuction tube
- 8.8th.
- BrennkraftmaschineInternal combustion engine
- 9.9th
- Aufnahmeadmission
- 10.10th
- Aufnahmeadmission
- 11.11th
- Pfeil ÖffnungsbewegungArrow opening movement
- 12.12th
- Pfeil SchließbewegungArrow closing movement
- 13.13th
- Öffnungopening
- 14.14th
- Öffnungopening
- 15.15th
- Ausnehmungrecess
- 16.16th
- SeilzugnutSeilzugnut
- 17.17th
- SeilzugnutSeilzugnut
- 18.18th
- GasdrehgriffThrottle grip
- 19.19th
- Öffnungsseilzugopening cable
- 20.20th
- Schließseilzugclosing cable
- 21.21st
- Seilzugaufnahmecable recording
- 22.22nd
- Seilzugaufnahmecable recording
- 23.23rd
- Anschlagattack
- 24.24th
- Eingriffsabschnittengaging portion
- 25.25th
- Stellstiftsetting rod
- 26.26th
- Betätigungsknopfactuating button
- 27.27th
- Halterholder
- 28.28th
- Ausnehmungrecess
- 29.29th
- Eingriffsabschnittengaging portion
- 30.30th
- Innenausnehmunginner recess
- 31.31st
- erster Abschnittfirst section
- 32.32nd
- AußengewindeabschnittExternally threaded section
- 33.33rd
- InnengewindeabschnittInternally threaded portion
- 34.34th
- lichter Abstandclear distance
- 35.35th
- SchraubendruckfederHelical compression spring
- 36.36th
- hülsenförmiger Körpersleeve-shaped body
- 37.37th
- Innenausnehmunginner recess
- 38.38th
- Sicherungsringcirclip
- 39.39th
- Gehäuseabschnitthousing section
- 40.40th
- Ausbuchtungbulge
- 41.41st
- Einbuchtungindentation
- 42.42nd
- Ausbuchtungbulge
- 43.43rd
- Kragencollar
- 44.44th
- BundFederation
- 45.45th
- Kappecap
- 46.46th
- Absatzparagraph
- 47.47th
- Absatzparagraph
- 48.48th
- Stellstiftsetting rod
- 49.49th
- sich verjüngender AbschnittRejuvenating section
- 50.50th
- Innenausnehmung des HaltersInner recess of the holder
- 51.51st
- Halterholder
- 52.52nd
- Vorsprunghead Start
- 53.53rd
- Absatzparagraph
- 54.54th
- Führungguide
- 55.55th
- Rastmittellatching means
- 56.56th
- Gehäusecasing
- 57.57th
- Seilzugscheibecable pulley
- 5858
- Öffnungsrichtungopening direction
- 59.59th
- Pfeilarrow
- 60.60th
- Pfeilarrow
- 61.61st
- Druckkraftthrust
- 62.62nd
- Motorradmotorcycle
- 63.63rd
- Vorderradfront
- 64.64th
- Hinterradrear wheel
- 65.65th
- Fahrersatteldriver Seat
- 66.66th
- KraftstofftankFuel tank
- 67.67th
- Lenkstangehandlebars
- 68.68th
- Rahmenrohrframe tube
- 69.69th
- Abgasleitungexhaust pipe
Claims (16)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014115954.3A DE102014115954A1 (en) | 2014-11-03 | 2014-11-03 | Throttle valve device for an internal combustion engine and thus provided motorcycle |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3015682A1 true EP3015682A1 (en) | 2016-05-04 |
EP3015682B1 EP3015682B1 (en) | 2018-04-25 |
Family
ID=54011615
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15182582.5A Active EP3015682B1 (en) | 2014-11-03 | 2015-08-26 | Throttle device for a combustion engine and motorcycle with same |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9714629B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3015682B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102014115954A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2678998T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10125696B2 (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2018-11-13 | Walbro Llc | Charge forming device with throttle valve adjuster |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE7908299U1 (en) | 1979-03-24 | 1979-07-19 | Fritz Hintermayr Gmbh Bing-Vergaser- Fabrik, 8500 Nuernberg | SELF-RESETTING STARTING CARBURETOR FOR A CARBURETOR, ESPECIALLY FOR SMALL ENGINES |
DE3926424A1 (en) | 1989-08-10 | 1991-02-14 | Audi Ag | THROTTLE |
US5515825A (en) * | 1994-04-15 | 1996-05-14 | Sanshin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Control mechanism for engine throttle and choke valves |
DE10152437A1 (en) * | 2000-10-27 | 2002-05-16 | Suzuki Motor Co | Air intake control device for an injection engine |
US20060005808A1 (en) | 2004-07-07 | 2006-01-12 | Buell Motorcycle Company | Power control device and method for a motorcycle |
US20060170120A1 (en) * | 2005-02-02 | 2006-08-03 | Walbro Engine Management, L.L.C. | Engine start device of a rotary valve carburetor |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3714933A (en) * | 1970-11-16 | 1973-02-06 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Automatic temperature control device for intake air of an internal combustion engine |
JPS6045751B2 (en) * | 1978-05-17 | 1985-10-11 | ヤマハ発動機株式会社 | Intake system for fuel-injected spark ignition engines |
DE20012534U1 (en) * | 2000-07-19 | 2000-09-28 | Industrial Technology Research Institute, Chu Tung Town, Hsin Chu | Cold start control device for an internal combustion engine |
KR100606527B1 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2006-08-01 | 미쯔비시 지도샤 고교 가부시끼가이샤 | Start control device and start control method of internal combustion engine |
JP4778917B2 (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2011-09-21 | 株式会社ケーヒン | Tandem valve type throttle body for motorcycles |
DE102010009915B4 (en) * | 2009-03-21 | 2017-09-14 | Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Kg | carburetor arrangement |
-
2014
- 2014-11-03 DE DE102014115954.3A patent/DE102014115954A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2015
- 2015-08-26 ES ES15182582.5T patent/ES2678998T3/en active Active
- 2015-08-26 EP EP15182582.5A patent/EP3015682B1/en active Active
- 2015-11-03 US US14/931,251 patent/US9714629B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE7908299U1 (en) | 1979-03-24 | 1979-07-19 | Fritz Hintermayr Gmbh Bing-Vergaser- Fabrik, 8500 Nuernberg | SELF-RESETTING STARTING CARBURETOR FOR A CARBURETOR, ESPECIALLY FOR SMALL ENGINES |
DE3926424A1 (en) | 1989-08-10 | 1991-02-14 | Audi Ag | THROTTLE |
US5515825A (en) * | 1994-04-15 | 1996-05-14 | Sanshin Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Control mechanism for engine throttle and choke valves |
DE10152437A1 (en) * | 2000-10-27 | 2002-05-16 | Suzuki Motor Co | Air intake control device for an injection engine |
US20060005808A1 (en) | 2004-07-07 | 2006-01-12 | Buell Motorcycle Company | Power control device and method for a motorcycle |
US20060170120A1 (en) * | 2005-02-02 | 2006-08-03 | Walbro Engine Management, L.L.C. | Engine start device of a rotary valve carburetor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US9714629B2 (en) | 2017-07-25 |
US20160123284A1 (en) | 2016-05-05 |
ES2678998T3 (en) | 2018-08-21 |
DE102014115954A1 (en) | 2016-05-04 |
EP3015682B1 (en) | 2018-04-25 |
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