EP3000613B1 - Élément de sécurité optique variable ayant une zone de surface réfléchissante - Google Patents

Élément de sécurité optique variable ayant une zone de surface réfléchissante Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3000613B1
EP3000613B1 EP15002683.9A EP15002683A EP3000613B1 EP 3000613 B1 EP3000613 B1 EP 3000613B1 EP 15002683 A EP15002683 A EP 15002683A EP 3000613 B1 EP3000613 B1 EP 3000613B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
facets
security element
element according
grating
surface region
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP15002683.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3000613A1 (fr
Inventor
Maik Rudolf Johann Scherer
Christian Fuhse
Michael Rahm
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Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
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Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/373—Metallic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/324—Reliefs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/328—Diffraction gratings; Holograms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an optically variable security element for safeguarding valuables, having a carrier with a reflective surface area whose extent defines an x-y plane and a z axis perpendicular thereto.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing such a security element and a correspondingly equipped data carrier.
  • Data carriers such as valuables or identity documents, or other valuables, such as branded articles, are often provided with security elements for the purpose of security, which permit verification of the authenticity of the data carriers and at the same time serve as protection against unauthorized reproduction.
  • Security elements with viewing-angle-dependent effects play a special role in the authentication of authenticity since they can not be reproduced even with the most modern copiers.
  • the security elements are thereby equipped with optically variable elements that give the viewer a different image impression under different viewing angles and, for example, show a different color or brightness impression and / or another graphic motif depending on the viewing angle.
  • micromirror structures With kinematic / stereographic effects based on micromirror structures have often been used.
  • the micromirror structures themselves do not produce any color effects, but coloring can be provided by an additional color-shifting coating.
  • the production of such farbkippender coatings is usually by Vakuumbedampfungsvon and is therefore time consuming and costly.
  • the range of possible color effects limited. For example, the color change of a color-shifting coating is always isotropic, that is to say independent of the tilting direction of the security element.
  • document DE 10 2010 049 831 discloses a security element according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the present invention seeks to provide an optically variable security element of the type mentioned, which can be inexpensively equipped with coloring structures.
  • the coloring structures should also have an attractive visual appearance and give the security element high counterfeit security.
  • the choice of the x-axis or the preferred direction mentioned here is not arbitrary, but rather clearly defined by the fact that more than 80% of the facets of the surface area have a normal vector lying in the y-z plane (ie the plane perpendicular to the preferred direction).
  • the security element provides by adjusting the orientation of the facets of the surface area and the course of the grid lines of the diffractive grid pattern two different tilting effects that occur at a tilting of the security element about mutually orthogonal tilt axes and decoupled with advantage completely from each other are.
  • the grating vector of a grating pattern is a vector which is perpendicular to the grating lines and whose magnitude indicates the grating period.
  • At least the part of the facets having a normal vector lying in the yz plane is provided with a diffractive grating pattern of a plurality of grating lines whose grating vector is parallel to the x-axis.
  • the reflective pixels preferably each contain two or more equally oriented facets, but it is also possible that a portion of the pixels or all pixels each contain only one facet. At least a part of the pixels and / or the facets is advantageously formed with an outline in the form of a motif, in particular in the form of characters or symbols. The particular outlines may be used as an additional authentication feature that will only be visible under magnification. Furthermore, a microtext may additionally be inscribed in a part of the pixels or facets. The microtext can be written both on the facets or instead of some of the facets on the carrier.
  • the grid lines of all of the facets provided with a diffractive grid pattern have a grid vector parallel to the x-axis.
  • the diffractive grating patterns advantageously have a grating period between 0.3 ⁇ m and 4 ⁇ m, preferably between 0.6 ⁇ m and 3 ⁇ m.
  • all grid patterns of the area area have the same grid period.
  • the grating period of individual facets can be chosen differently, whereby, however, the kinematic and the chromatic tilting effect are partially coupled together.
  • the (in each case brightly lit) facets with different grating periods also produce other diffraction colors, so that during the kinematic effect, there is an additional color change or a chromatic effect.
  • the chromatic effect is not due to a change in the propagation plane of the diffracted light, as explained in detail below, but to a change in the reflection condition for the facets.
  • tilting about the y-axis also causes only the chromatic effect in this case, but not the kinematic effect, so that the orthogonal tilting effects are not completely coupled but only partially coupled with one another.
  • the facets are preferably formed essentially as planar surface elements.
  • the wording "substantially” takes into account the fact that in practice production-related can not produce perfectly flat surface elements.
  • the facets can also be formed as curved, in particular concave, convex or corrugated surface elements.
  • the normal vector then changes over the surface area of the surface elements, but always lies in the yz plane.
  • the reflective facets are arranged in a periodic grid and in particular form a sawtooth grid.
  • the reflective facets are arranged aperiodically, with an aperiodic arrangement of the facets currently being preferred, since this undesirable Diffraction effects resulting from a regular arrangement of the facets can be avoided.
  • Another possibility to suppress unwanted diffraction effects is to aperiodically offset the facets in their height above the surface area.
  • an aperiodic displacement of the facets there is no simple, regular relationship between the heights of adjacent facets, so that constructive interference of the light reflected at neighboring facets and thus the emergence of a superimposed diffraction pattern are reliably prevented. Details of such aperiodic displacement of the document WO 2012/055506 A1 are removed, the disclosure content of which is included in the present application in this respect.
  • the facets advantageously have a dimension of 10 .mu.m or more, preferably 20 .mu.m or more, particularly preferably 30 .mu.m or more, in the preferred direction indicated by the x-axis.
  • the facets advantageously have a dimension between 5 ⁇ m and 30 ⁇ m, preferably between 7.5 ⁇ m and 15 ⁇ m, and the height of the facets is advantageously between 0 and 10 ⁇ m, preferably between 0 and 5 ⁇ m.
  • the reflective facets have in advantageous designs a metallic coating or a high refractive index coating.
  • the reflective facets may also have a color-shifting coating.
  • the reflective surface area can be subdivided into at least two partial regions in which the facets have different average orientations, whereby the image impression suddenly changes when tilting about the x-axis and thus creates a so-called flip-picture.
  • the orientation of the facets can also have a continuously changing course in at least one subregion of the reflective surface region. In this way, a bulging effect can be generated in which the reflective area adjusts the curvature of a three-dimensional original.
  • the rotation of the diffraction planes leads to a stereographic effect, giving the impression of a specular and curved surface. Tilting around the y-axis changes the color and / or intensity of the replicated mirror reflex.
  • the orientation of the facets is coordinated so that the security element when tilting about the x-axis shows a movement effect, in particular an orthoparallaktischen movement effect or a stereographic effect.
  • a part of the facets is formed without a diffractive grid pattern. In this way, a superstructure can be created, which results from the different tilting behavior of facets with and without lattice patterns.
  • all facets of the surface area have a normal vector lying in the yz plane.
  • a small proportion of less than 20%, in particular less than 10%, of the facets of the surface area may have a normalized normal vector with a substantially randomly chosen x-component not equal to zero.
  • the facets with a non-zero x-component are formed without a diffractive grid pattern.
  • the randomly tilted facets light up under certain tilting positions each bright and colorless, thereby creating a visually attractive glitter effect, which is superimposed on the described orthogonal tilting effects.
  • a security element can also contain two or more reflective surface areas of the type described, which preferably differ from the recorded tilting directions and / or the lattice constant of the lattice patterns.
  • each of the reflective surface regions of a security element may have its own preferred direction indicated by the x-axis of the surface region.
  • the security element contains two reflective surface regions of the type described, whose preferred directions indicated by the x-axis of the respective surface region are perpendicular to one another. When tilting the security element to one of the preferred directions then shows one of the two surface areas a purely kinematic tilting effect, while the other surface area shows a purely chromatic tilting effect. When tilted about the orthogonal preferred direction, the two surface areas swap their roles.
  • the security element may contain two or more reflective surface regions of the type described, wherein in each surface region all the lattice patterns have the same lattice period, but the lattice periods of different surface regions differ.
  • the described reflective surface area can be combined with other security features, for example with holograms, in particular true color holograms, with subwavelength gratings or other subwavelength structures, with micromirror arrangements without diffractive gratings, or else with security features based on specific material properties, such as electrical conductivity, magnetic properties, Luminescence, fluorescence or the like are based.
  • the other security features may for example be provided in gaps of the reflective surface area and be nested therewith.
  • the invention also includes a data carrier with a security element of the type described.
  • the data carrier may in particular be a value document, such as a banknote, in particular a paper banknote, a polymer banknote or a film composite banknote, a share, a bond, a certificate, a coupon , a check, a high-quality entrance ticket, as well as an identification card, such as a credit card, a bank card, a cash card, an authorization card, an identity card or a pass personalization page.
  • the reflective facets can be written together with the diffractive grating patterns, for example by means of gray scale lithography, into a photoresist, then developed, galvanically molded, embossed into a UV varnish and mirrored.
  • the mirror coating can be realized for example by an applied, for example vapor-deposited metal layer. Typically, an aluminum layer with a thickness of, for example, 50 nm is applied. Of course, other metals such as silver, copper, chromium, iron, nickel or alloys thereof may also be used. Also, as an alternative to metals, semiconductors such as silicon, high-index coatings, for example made of ZnS, Al 2 O 3 or TiO 2 , or also color-shifting layers can be applied. The application, in particular steaming can be done over the entire surface, but it is also possible, only a region or grid-shaped coating perform so that the security element is partially transparent or translucent.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a banknote 10 with an optically variable security element 12 according to the invention in the form of a wide security strip.
  • the invention is not limited to security strips and banknotes, but may be applied to all types of security elements, such as labels on goods and packaging, or to documents, passports, passports, credit cards, health cards, and the like.
  • security threads or transfer elements may be considered in addition to security strips.
  • FIG. 1 shown security element 12 shows two different tilting effects that occur at a tilting 14,16 of the security element to each other orthogonal tilt axes and are completely decoupled from each other.
  • Fig. 2 Reference is made, each schematically for a portion of the security element 12 perceived by the viewer appearance at different tilt positions of the security element 12.
  • the optically variable security element 12 contains a reflective surface area 20 whose extent defines an x-y plane, which here coincides with the surface of the banknote 10.
  • the x and y axes of the x-y plane represent two excellent tilting directions, with only one of the two orthogonal tilting effects occurring when tilting about one of the selected axes.
  • the x-axis extends along the longitudinal edge and the y-axis along the transverse edge of the banknote 10. Tilting 14 of the banknote to the front or rear therefore represents a tilting about the x-axis and will also be referred to below for the sake of clarity "North-south tilt" called.
  • a tilt 16 of the banknote to the right or left represents a tilt about the y-axis and is also referred to below as "east-west tilting".
  • the z-axis is perpendicular to the x-y plane, so that the coordinate system formed by the three axes forms a legal system.
  • the surface area 20 shows a so-called RollingCube pattern, in which in each tilted position two parallel rows of small rectangles 22 can be seen, which, as in FIG Fig. 1 illustrated, have a certain distance from each other and appear with a particular color impression, for example, with red color impression.
  • the second tilting effect appears, namely a chromatic effect in which the rectangular rows 22 change their color without changing their spacing, for example between red and green.
  • the two tilting effects are referred to as orthogonal, since they occur when tilted about mutually orthogonal tilt axes 14,16.
  • the two tilting effects are also completely decoupled, since only the kinematic effect but no chromatic effect occurs when tilting 14 about the x-axis, while only the chromatic effect, but no kinematic effect occurs when tilting 16 about the y-axis.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the appearance of the security element 12 before and after the various tilts 14,16. It is characterized by the appearance of the Fig. 1 gone out in the Fig. 2 Upper left as Appearance 26-A is shown and shows the rectangular rows 22 with a large distance and red color impression.
  • a north-south tilt 14 of banknote 10 leads to the in Fig. 2 Appearance 26-B shown at the bottom left, in which the rectangle rows 22 have moved toward each other without color change for the viewer, ie now have a small distance at unchanged red color impression. Tilting back restores the original appearance of 26-A. If, on the other hand, an east-west tilting 16 is carried out starting from the appearance 26-A, the rows of rectangles 22 change their color, for example from red to green, while the position of the rectangles and thus the spacing of the rectangular rows 22 remains unchanged , This results in the Fig. 2 right above shown appearance 26-C with a large distance of the rectangular rows 22 and green color impression.
  • tilting about an axis which does not coincide with the x or y axis brings about a combined tilting effect which has both a kinematic and a chromatic component.
  • the orientation of the x and y axes in the plane of the surface region 20 is precisely defined by the excellent tilt axes for the tiltings 14,16, in which a purely kinematic effect (tilting 14) or a purely chromatic effect (tilting 16) occur ,
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show Fig. 3 a detail of the reflective surface area of a security element according to the invention schematically in plan view
  • Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of the two pixels 30-A, 30-B at the left edge of the detail of Fig. 3 ,
  • the reflective area 20 of a security element according to the invention is constructed from a plurality of reflective pixels 30, of which in the detail views of FIGS. 3 and 4 only a few are shown.
  • the pixels are formed with a square outline, but they can also have other outline shapes, in particular a motif form such as characters or symbols in general.
  • the edge length of the pixels 30 is below 300 ⁇ m and is in particular in the range from 20 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
  • Each reflective pixel 30 includes one or more, in the embodiment, two planar, reflective facets 32 with the same orientation.
  • the length and width of the facets 32 are above 5 .mu.m in order to avoid color splitting by the facet arrangement.
  • the length of the facets (dimension in the x-direction) is preferably more than 10 ⁇ m, in particular more than 20 ⁇ m, and the width of the facets (dimension in the y-direction) is advantageous between 7.5 and 15 ⁇ m. With facets of this size, clear diffraction colors can be obtained with the grid patterns described below.
  • the orientation of the facets 32 is denoted by
  • , by specifying their normalized normal vector n 0 ( n x , n y , n z ) n 0
  • 1 and positive z-component determined. While the orientation of the facets 32 within a pixel 30 will always be the same, in practice it will differ from pixel to pixel in order to show one or more desired motifs constructed of the pixels 30 to the viewer in different viewing directions.
  • the reflective facets 32 are further provided with a diffractive grid pattern 34, each consisting of a plurality of parallel grid lines 36.
  • the grid lines 36 are in Fig. 4 drawn only for one of the facets 32 of the pixel 30-A.
  • the orientation of the grating lines 36 is chosen in the context of the invention just so that the grating vector g of the grating pattern 34, which by definition is perpendicular to the grating lines 36 and whose magnitude indicates the grating period, is parallel to the x-axis.
  • the grating period g x of the grating pattern 34 is within the scope of the invention usually between 0.6 microns and 3 microns and is specifically chosen so that in a predetermined desired Kippwinkel Anlagen the desired chromatic effect is generated.
  • all facets 32 are occupied by the same grid pattern 34 with the same grid period g x .
  • An alternative formulation of the condition that the grating vector of the grating pattern 34 should be parallel to the x-axis can be formulated using the facet surface h (x, y). Since the gradient ⁇ h indicates the direction of the largest slope of the facet face, the condition to the grid pattern 34 may also be formulated such that the grid lines 36 at each point of the facet face must be parallel to the tangent vector t of the greatest slope.
  • h x ⁇ h (x, y) ⁇ x
  • ⁇ H (h x, h y) is the gradient of the facet surface.
  • n 0 n / n .
  • the grating-free facets 32 act as achromatically reflecting micromirrors which reflect incident light without color splitting according to the laws of geometrical optics. If, from a viewing direction for a facet, the reflection condition "angle of incidence equals angle of reflection" is fulfilled, the facet appears colorless bright, otherwise dark. Since the reflection condition is exactly fulfilled only for one tilt angle (on the condition that there is only one dominant light source), the tilting of the security element results in north-south direction an abrupt, discrete brightness change.
  • the surface pattern 20 has a plurality of facets 32 having different angles of inclination ⁇ , wherein the equi-oriented facets 32 are arranged so that the entirety of the brightly lit and dark facets respectively present a desired subject to the viewer.
  • the normal vectors of all facets 32 are in the y-z plane, so that the reflection condition when tilting the security element 12 in a north-south direction changes simultaneously and to the same extent for all facets 32. Facets that have met the reflection condition before tilting and appeared bright can no longer meet the reflection condition after north-south tilt and therefore appear dark. Conversely, facets that were still dark before tilting may appear bright when tilted to north-south tilt.
  • the diffractive grating patterns 34 are added to explain the chromatic effect, so that in addition the diffraction of the incident light on the grating patterns must be taken into account, the direction of the 0th diffraction order of the grating patterns occurs instead of the direction of the geometrically directionally reflected light beam.
  • the reflection condition "angle of incidence equals angle of reflection" is satisfied, the facet appears bright and colorless, though typically with slightly lower brightness than in the lattice-free case described above, because a part of the light is diffracted in other spatial directions.
  • the propagation direction of the diffracted light is in a plane subtended by the lattice vector g and the direction of the 0th order of diffraction.
  • the angles ⁇ and ⁇ , respectively, are the angles of the incident or reflected light projected into the plane spanned by the grating vector g and the normal vector n .
  • the angle ⁇ is always taken positive, the angle ⁇ positive if it, as usual in the embodiments according to the invention, with respect to the lattice normal on the same side as ⁇ , otherwise negative.
  • an east-west tilt 16 ie a tilt of the security element about the y-axis, does not change the propagation plane of the diffracted light spanned by the grating vector g and the direction of the 0th order of diffraction because of the particular orientation of the facets 32 so that in an east-west tilting no abrupt and discrete change in the visibility of individual facets occurs, but the spatial appearance, such as the distance of the rectangular rows 22 of Figures 1 and 2 , preserved.
  • the east-west tilt 16 runs in the diffraction plane of the grid pattern 34, so that with the tilt and the angle ⁇ and ⁇ in the grid equation change gradually. In the case of an east-west tilt, therefore, a gradual change in color and / or intensity occurs, as a result of which, in particular, the color impression of the facets 32 changes continuously. However, since the spatial appearance is preserved, the chromatic effect is not accompanied by a kinematic effect. Overall, the two orthogonal effects are thus completely decoupled.
  • the reflective pixels 30 and the reflective facets 32 can, as in Fig. 3 shown, arranged in a regular grid and form, for example, a regular Blazegitter.
  • the surface areas according to the invention are not limited to regular pixel or facet arrangements, but rather even aperiodic pixel or facet arrangements are preferred used, as this unwanted diffraction effects, such as may occur through regular arrangements avoided.
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which, for ease of illustration, each pixel 30 consists of only one facet 32 and in which the pixels or facets are arranged aperiodically in the xy plane.
  • the dimension of the facets in the x direction is at least 10 ⁇ m, preferably at least 20 ⁇ m, particularly preferably at least 30 ⁇ m.
  • the dimension of the facets is between 5 ⁇ m and 30 ⁇ m, preferably between 7.5 ⁇ m and 15 ⁇ m.
  • the height of the facets is between 0 and 10 microns, preferably between 0 and 5 microns.
  • aperiodically offset the facets in their height above the surface area For example, shows Fig. 6 the reflective surface area 40 of a security element 12 in cross section, in which the facets 42 shown in the section all have the same inclination, but are offset in aperiodischer, in particular irregular manner by a height offset between zero and at least half a wavelength from its regular starting position.
  • the path differences between different facets 42 -j, 42-k are changed in an irregular manner by a value between zero and at least one entire wavelength.
  • the light beams 44-j and 44-k reflected by the different facets 42 -j, 42-k are then in a random phase relationship such that the grid of facets 42, despite a periodic array of equally aligned facets 42 does not act as a diffractive structure and therefore no disturbing secondary diffraction effects occur.
  • FIG. 7 shows an embodiment in which the reflective surface area 50 of the security element is subdivided into two partial areas 52, 54, in which the facets 32 each have a different average orientation.
  • the facets 32 in the subregion 52 which is formed in the form of the numerical value "20" may have an inclination angle ⁇ , which is chosen randomly between 10 ° and 20 °, while the facets 32 in the background region 54 have an inclination angle ⁇ , which happens to be between -10 ° and -20 °.
  • the first or second sub-area 52, 54 When the security element is tilted in the north-south direction, the first or second sub-area 52, 54 then appears bright and colored depending on the tilted position, so that the representation of the value number "20" between a positive representation (value number bright, background dark) and a negative representation ( Value number dark, background light) changes and a so-called flip picture is created.
  • the positive or negative representation As such remains basically, but shows the color change of the chromatic effect described above.
  • the facets can also be provided in the partial region 52 with lattice patterns of a first lattice period g x1 and in the partial region 54 with lattice patterns of a second lattice period g x2 , so that the partial regions 52, 54 in the north-south tilting although with a constant, but different color appear.
  • a security element may also have a plurality of reflective surface areas of the type described, which differ, for example, by the excellent tilting directions or the lattice constant of the lattice patterns.
  • FIG. 8 (a) shows for illustration a security element 60 with two reflective surface areas 62, 64 of the type described above. Each of the surface areas 62, 64 defines by its extension an xy plane, the orthogonal tilted axes, namely the x-axis for the purely kinematic effect and the y-axis for the purely chromatic effect, are rotated in the area 64 by 90 ° relative to the surface area 62.
  • this can be achieved by orienting the facets in the area 62 to have a normal vector lying in the yz plane there, while the facets in the area 64 are oriented to be a normal vector in the yz plane of the surface area 64. Accordingly, the orientations of the grid lines in the surface area 62, 64 are rotated by 90 ° relative to each other, namely perpendicular to the respective x-axis.
  • the security element 60 in the area 62 shows a purely kinematic tilting effect, since the tilt takes place about the x-axis there.
  • the security element 60 in the area 64 shows a purely chromatic tilting effect, since the tilting 66 takes place about the y-axis there.
  • the security element 60 shows when tilting about the axis 68 in the area 62, a purely chromatic tilting effect and in the partial area 64 at the same time a purely kinematic tilting effect.
  • the security element 70 of Fig. 8 (b) contains two reflective surface areas 72, 74 of the type described above, which have the same excellent tilt axes.
  • the facets 32 are in the area 72 are provided with grid patterns 76 of a first grid period g x1 and in the area area 74 with grid patterns 78 of a second grid period g x2 and therefore show different diffraction colors.
  • the security element 70 When tilting about the axis 66, the security element 70 shows a purely kinematic tilting effect in both surface regions 72, 74, since the tilting takes place in each case about the x-axis. Accordingly, the security element 70 when tilting about the axis 68 in both surface areas 72, 74 a purely chromatic tilting effect, since the tilting takes place in each case about the y-axis. Because of the different grating periods g x1 and g x2 , however, the diffraction colors differ in the two surface areas 72, 74, namely both the constant color impression at a tilt about the axis 66, and thus also the changing color impression at a tilt about the axis 68.

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  • Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (20)

  1. Elément de sécurité optique variable (12) pour la sécurisation d'objets de valeur (10), l'élément de sécurité comportant un support avec une zone de surface réfléchissante dont l'extension définit un plan x-y et un axe z situé perpendiculairement dessus,
    - la zone de surface réfléchissante contenant une pluralité de pixels réfléchissants (30), qui comportent respectivement une ou plusieurs facettes (32) réfléchissantes orientées de la même façon, une inclinaison de chaque facette par rapport au plan x-y étant déterminée par l'indication de son vecteur normal normalisé, caractérisé en ce que
    - la zone de surface réfléchissante comporte une direction préférentielle indiquée par l'axe x de telle manière que plus de 80 % des facettes de la zone de surface comportent un vecteur perpendiculaire (n) situé dans le plan y-z, et
    - au moins une partie des facettes est dotée d'un motif de réseau diffractif (34) avec une pluralité de lignes de réseau (36), dont le vecteur de réseau (g) est parallèle à l'axe x.
  2. Elément de sécurité selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les lignes de réseau de toutes les facettes dotées d'un motif de réseau diffractif comportent un vecteur de réseau parallèlement à l'axe x.
  3. Elément de sécurité selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les motifs de réseau diffractifs comportent une période de réseau entre 0,3 µm et 4 µm, de préférence entre 0,6 µm et 3 µm.
  4. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que tous les motifs de réseau de la zone de surface réfléchissante comportent cette même période de réseau.
  5. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les facettes sont constituées pour l'essentiel comme des éléments de surface plans.
  6. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les facettes réfléchissantes sont disposées dans une trame périodique et forment notamment un réseau en dents de scie.
  7. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les facettes réfléchissantes sont disposées de façon apériodique.
  8. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les facettes sont décalées de façon apériodique l'une contre l'autre dans leur hauteur au-dessus de la zone de surface.
  9. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que les facettes comportent, dans la direction préférentielle indiquée par l'axe x, une dimension de 10 µm ou plus, de préférence de 20 µm ou plus, de façon plus particulièrement préférentielle de 30 µm ou plus, et/ou en ce que les facettes comportent dans la direction y perpendiculairement à la direction préférentielle, une dimension entre 5 µm et 30 µm, de préférence entre 7,5 µm et 15 µm, et/ou en ce que la hauteur des facettes est entre 0 et 10 µm, de préférence entre 0 et 5 µm.
  10. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les facettes réfléchissantes comportent un revêtement métallique ou un revêtement hautement réfractif.
  11. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la zone de surface réfléchissante est subdivisée au moins en deux parties de zone dans lesquelles les facettes comportent différentes orientations centrales.
  12. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que l'orientation des facettes présente au moins dans une partie de zone de la zone de surface réfléchissante une allure à variation continue.
  13. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que l'orientation des facettes est harmonisée les unes sur les autres de telle manière que l'élément de sécurité présente un effet de mouvement, notamment un effet de mouvement orthoparallactique ou un effet stéréographique lors du basculement autour de l'axe x.
  14. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce qu'une partie des facettes est constituée sans motif de réseau diffractif.
  15. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce qu'une portion inférieure à 20 %, notamment inférieure à 10 % des facettes de la zone de surface comporte un vecteur normal normalisé avec un composant x choisi pour l'essentiel par hasard différent de zéro et les facettes sont constituées de composants x différents de zéro sans motif de réseau diffractif.
  16. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie des pixels est constituée d'un contour ayant la forme d'un motif, notamment en forme de signes ou de symboles.
  17. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de sécurité contient deux zones de surface réfléchissantes ou plus selon la revendication 1, chaque zone de surface réfléchissante comportant une direction préférentielle propre indiquée par l'axe x de la zone de surface, de préférence, en ce que l'élément de sécurité contient deux zones de surface réfléchissantes selon la revendication 1, dont les directions préférentielles indiquées par l'axe x de la zone de surface se situent perpendiculaires l'une sur l'autre.
  18. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 17, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de sécurité contient deux zones de surfaces réfléchissantes ou plus selon la revendication 1, tous les motifs de réseau comportant dans chaque zone de surface cette même période de réseau, mais les périodes de réseau se différenciant des zones de surface différentes.
  19. Support de données avec un élément de sécurité selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 18.
  20. Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de sécurité optique variable selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 18,
    - pour lequel un support est préparé et est doté d'une zone de surface réfléchissante, dont l'extension définit un plan x-y et un axe z situé perpendiculairement dessus,
    - la zone de surface réfléchissante étant constituée d'une pluralité de pixels réfléchissants, qui comportent respectivement une ou plusieurs facettes réfléchissantes ayant une orientation identique, une inclinaison de chaque facette par rapport au plan x-y étant déterminée par l'indication de son vecteur normal normalisé,
    - la zone de surface réfléchissante étant produite avec une direction préférentielle indiquée par l'axe x de telle manière que plus de 80 % des facettes de la zone de surface comportent un vecteur normal situé dans le plan y-z, et
    - au moins une partie des facettes étant dotée d'un motif de réseau diffractif composé d'une pluralité de lignes de réseau, dont le vecteur de réseau est parallèle à l'axe x.
EP15002683.9A 2014-09-23 2015-09-16 Élément de sécurité optique variable ayant une zone de surface réfléchissante Active EP3000613B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014014079.2A DE102014014079A1 (de) 2014-09-23 2014-09-23 Optisch variables Sicherheitselement mit reflektivem Flächenbereich

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EP3000613A1 EP3000613A1 (fr) 2016-03-30
EP3000613B1 true EP3000613B1 (fr) 2017-11-15

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CN (1) CN105437822B (fr)
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AU2017303176B2 (en) 2016-07-25 2022-11-17 Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. Display body
MX2019002083A (es) * 2016-08-31 2019-07-18 Viavi Solutions Inc Articulo con segmentos reflectantes en angulo.
RU2718081C1 (ru) 2016-08-31 2020-03-30 Виави Солюшнз Инк. Ориентирование магнитно-ориентируемых чешуек
CN106443880B (zh) * 2016-11-02 2023-03-10 中国计量大学 一种具有闪耀波导侧壁光栅和亚波长光栅结构的解复用器
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CN105437822B (zh) 2017-07-25
DE102014014079A1 (de) 2016-03-24
EP3000613A1 (fr) 2016-03-30
CN105437822A (zh) 2016-03-30

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