EP2995850B1 - Multifunctional light module with segmented oled diode - Google Patents

Multifunctional light module with segmented oled diode Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2995850B1
EP2995850B1 EP15184016.2A EP15184016A EP2995850B1 EP 2995850 B1 EP2995850 B1 EP 2995850B1 EP 15184016 A EP15184016 A EP 15184016A EP 2995850 B1 EP2995850 B1 EP 2995850B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrode
diode
portions
module
light sources
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EP15184016.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2995850A1 (en
Inventor
Hui Jin
Christophe Dubosc
David Hue
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Valeo Vision SAS
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Valeo Vision SAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
    • H05B33/14—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the electroluminescent material, or by the simultaneous addition of the electroluminescent material in or onto the light source
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
    • B60Q1/2607—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic comprising at least two indicating lamps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
    • F21S41/65—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on light sources
    • F21S41/663—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on light sources by switching light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/10—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
    • F21S43/13—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S43/14—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S43/145—Surface emitters, e.g. organic light emitting diodes [OLED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/10—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
    • F21S43/19—Attachment of light sources or lamp holders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/10—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
    • F21S43/19—Attachment of light sources or lamp holders
    • F21S43/195—Details of lamp holders, terminals or connectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V14/00—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
    • H05B33/22—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of auxiliary dielectric or reflective layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B33/00—Electroluminescent light sources
    • H05B33/12—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
    • H05B33/26—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode
    • H05B33/28—Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode of translucent electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/805—Electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/805—Electrodes
    • H10K50/81—Anodes
    • H10K50/814—Anodes combined with auxiliary electrodes, e.g. ITO layer combined with metal lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/805—Electrodes
    • H10K50/82—Cathodes
    • H10K50/822—Cathodes characterised by their shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2105/00—Planar light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21Y2115/15—Organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of lighting and / or light signaling, in particular for motor vehicles. More specifically, the invention relates to the field of lighting and light signaling by means of light-emitting diodes (LED) and organic light-emitting diodes (OLED).
  • An OLED diode consists of a superposition of several organic semiconductor layers between two electrodes, one of which is transparent.
  • the transparent electrode is usually made of indium tin oxide (also known by the acronym ITO for Indium tin oxide ).
  • ITO Indium tin oxide
  • the main characteristic of indium tin oxide is its combination of electrical conductivity and optical transparency. However, a compromise must be reached when depositing films, the increase in the concentration of charge carriers inducing an increase in the conductivity of the material, but also a loss of its transparency. In other words, an ITO electrode with a good level of transparency has limited conductivity.
  • the published patent document WO 2009/101579 A1 discloses a light module comprising a surface light source of the OLED type and an optical device.
  • the OLED light source is segmented so as to be able to modulate the light beam produced.
  • it comprises an anode divided into two portions electrically independent from one another, and a common cathode, an organic electroluminescent layer being arranged between the anode and the cathode.
  • the electrical connections of the two portions of the anode as well as of the cathode are made at different locations of the module, more precisely at opposite edges.
  • the module is in fact intended to serve as a lighting module to be mounted on or in a wall. In this case, the rear face of the module is in principle accessible for connecting the power supply.
  • Such a solution is however not favorable to a projecting mounting of a support of the module or to a reduction in the thickness of the module.
  • the patent document DE 20 2014 101 538 U discloses a light module, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising a surface light source of the OLED type.
  • This light source is divided into several activatable zones independently of one another.
  • the surface diode is made a stack of electrodes, with an organic electroluminescent layer between each pair of adjacent electrodes.
  • Each pair of adjacent electrodes can thus serve as an anode and a cathode with a view to activating the organic electroluminescent layer placed between this pair of electrodes.
  • This construction of an OLED diode is advantageous in that it makes it possible to produce several emission colors, depending on the choice of materials of the organic electroluminescent layers. However, it is penalizing by its production cost as well as by the potential losses of light produced by each pair of electrodes through the other layers.
  • This teaching also does not seem to address the question of the electrical connection of the electrodes with a view to their supply.
  • a generally extended light module can comprise several, in this case two OLED diodes which can be activated independently of one another. Each of these OLED diodes can moreover be divided into several portions or segments. However, this teaching does not detail the splitting of an OLED diode into several segments.
  • the objective of the invention is to provide a surface light source of the OLED type which overcomes at least one of the drawbacks of the above-mentioned state of the art. More particularly, the object of the invention is to provide a surface light source of the OLED type capable of providing several light functions under favorable conditions, in particular from an optical point of view, from a mounting point of view on a support and / or in terms of size depending on the thickness.
  • the subject of the invention is an organic light-emitting diode as defined in claim 1.
  • the electrical connection zones are intended for the electrical supply to the diode so that at least a portion of the diode emits light when the diode is powered.
  • the electrical connection zones are located on only one of the edges of the diode.
  • the first electrode is electrically connected to at least two distinct connection zones.
  • the first electrode, or the portion, or each of the portions, of the second electrode electrically connected to at least two distinct connection zones is connected to its connection zones from positions on said electrode or portion which are distant from each other by at least a quarter, preferably half, of the maximum extent of said electrode or portion.
  • the portion, or each of the portions, of the second electrode which bypasses the other portion or one of the other portions from the edge comprising the electrical connection zones is electrically connected to two distinct connection zones arranged on said edge on either side of at least one connection zone electrically connected to the other or to one of the other portions which it circumvents.
  • At least one of the portions, or even each portion, of the second electrode is electrically connected to at least two distinct connection zones arranged on two distinct, or even opposite, edges of the diode. Where appropriate, said portion can extend over the entire length of the diode. In this case, the portions of the second electrode form strips of electrodes arranged adjacent.
  • the first electrode and / or at least one of the portions of the second electrode comprises an electrical conductor extending along said electrode or portion of an electrode, said conductor being made of a separate material and better electrical conductor than the main material of said electrode or electrode portion.
  • the electrical conductor of the first electrode and / or of the portion or portions of the second electrode extends as far as the electrical connection zone (s) of said electrode or electrode portion.
  • the electrical conductor or each of the electrical conductors has an average width of less than 10 mm.
  • the material of the electrical conductor (s) is indium tin oxide (ITO) or aluminum or calcium.
  • the electrical conductor of the first electrode and / or of the portion or portions of the second electrode extends along a contour of said electrode or portion of electrode.
  • the first electrode is reflective and / or the second electrode is transparent.
  • the second electrode consists of indium-tin oxide.
  • the electrical contact zones are located, preferably exclusively, within the extent of the diode on one of its two main faces.
  • the subject of the invention is also a light module, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising: a support for light source (s); at least one surface light source of the organic electroluminescence diode type on the support, capable of emitting a light beam oriented essentially along an optical axis of said module; remarkable in that the surface light source or sources are in accordance with the invention, the light beam being adjustable by selective activation of the portions of the second electrode.
  • the surface light source can be arranged so that the light beam performs a first photometric function, for example a position light, during the activation of a single first portion of the second electrode.
  • the surface light source can be arranged so that the light beam performs a second photometric function, for example a flashing light, during the activation of a single second portion of the second electrode.
  • the surface light source can be arranged so that the light beam performs a third photometric function, for example a brake light, during the activation of all the portions of the second electrode.
  • the surface light source or sources extending transversely to the optical axis of the module.
  • the surface light source (s) form an angle ⁇ with a direction perpendicular to the optical axis which is less than 30 °, preferably 25 °, more preferably 20 °.
  • the angle ⁇ is greater than 3 °, preferably 5 °, more preferably 8 °.
  • the light beam emitted by the surface light source (s) is a first beam
  • the module comprising one or more additional light sources capable of illuminating the surface light source (s) and of forming a second light beam by reflection on said surface light sources.
  • the module comprises an optical device, preferably a collimator, capable of deflecting the light rays emitted by the additional light source (s) in a main direction, said rays deviated encountering the surface light source (s) with a non-zero angle of incidence.
  • an optical device preferably a collimator
  • the first beam corresponds to a position signaling function for a motor vehicle and / or the second beam corresponds to a braking signaling function for a motor vehicle.
  • the measures of the invention are advantageous in that they promote the mounting of the light source projecting from a support. They are also advantageous in that they promote luminous homogeneity by compensating for the losses by ohm effect along the electrodes.
  • the light source can thus be used as a light beam emitter as well as a reflector.
  • the figure 1 illustrates a light signaling module for a motor vehicle.
  • the module 2 is configured to be housed in a housing arranged at the rear of the vehicle. It is configured to provide a lantern function (or tail lights), a brake light function and a direction indicator (or turn signal) function.
  • the module 2 comprises a substrate 4 and a part 6 attached to the substrate.
  • the insert 6 can be fixed to the substrate by means of screws.
  • Substrate 4 essentially comprises a central part 4 1 , two side walls 4 2 , two front walls 4 3 projecting from the side walls 4 2 .
  • the two side walls 4 2 form a cavity housing light sources (not visible) as well as a collimator 10 in order to form a light beam for a direction indicator function.
  • the attached part 6 comprises two supports 6 1 and a rear part 6 2 .
  • the supports 6 1 are arranged so as to project from the central part 4 1 of the substrate 4 in a manner essentially opposite to each other.
  • Each of these supports 6 1 supports a surface of the OLED diode 8.
  • An OLED is a diode electroluminescence comprising a superposition of several organic semiconductor layers between two electrodes one of which (at least) is transparent. In this case, these OLED diodes perform a lantern function.
  • the rear part 6 2 of the insert 6 is configured to house a connector 14 for power supply.
  • the substrate 4 of the module 2 also supports one or more light sources (not visible) between the side walls 4 2 and the OLED diodes 8, this or these light sources being covered with a collimator 12 in order to perform a light function. stop. More precisely, the rays emitted by these light sources and deflected by the collimator 12 to meet the front face of the corresponding OLED diode 8 and to be reflected there towards the front of the module.
  • the longitudinal axis of the module shown in figures 1 and 2 corresponds to its optical axis. This means that the different light beams produced by the module 2 are oriented essentially along this axis. All these beams are preferably directed towards the front of the module (corresponding to the right at the figure 1 and at the rear of the vehicle).
  • the collimators 10 and 12 are parts made of transparent or translucent material, such as glass or polycarbonate (PC) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). They include entry and / or exit surfaces oriented so as to deflect the rays in a main direction, in application of the Snell-Descartes principle of refraction.
  • the input and output faces in fact each form a diopter, namely a surface separating two transparent homogeneous and isotropic media, with different refractive indices.
  • the refractive index of the air is indeed of the order of 1 while that of glass and polycarbonate is between 1.4 and 1.6 approximately.
  • the principle of operation of a collimator is well known per se to those skilled in the art; it is therefore not necessary to detail it further.
  • the figure 2 illustrates an example of an OLED surface diode for the module of the figure 1 . It can be observed that the diode 8 is divided into two illuminating zones, namely a first zone 8 1 and a second zone 8 2 . Each of these zones can be electrically activated independently.
  • the diode 8 comprises an edge 8 3 intended to ensure the fixing and the electrical connection of the diode to the support of the light module of the figure 1 .
  • the figure 3 illustrates in perspective and exploded the surface diode OLED 8 of the figure 2 .
  • the diode 8 comprises two outer layers 16 intended to protect it from the outside. These layers are transparent and can in particular be made of glass. Diode 8 also comprises a first electrode 18 intended to be connected to a negative potential which may correspond to the ground of a vehicle (in the event of mounting on a vehicle). This first electrode is commonly called a cathode. It can be observed that this electrode 18 extends over the majority of the extent of the diode 8.
  • the latter also comprises a second electrode 20 which is divided into several portions, in this case into two portions 20 1 and 20 2 . The portion 20 1 corresponds to a central portion while the portion 20 2 bypasses the central portion 20 1 .
  • the portions 20 1 and 20 2 in fact correspond, respectively, to the first and second zones 8 1 and 8 2 of the diode 8 as illustrated in figure 2 .
  • the second electrode 20, in this case its two portions 20 1 and 20 2 are intended to be brought to a positive potential so as to form an electric field with the first electrode.
  • the second electrode is commonly referred to as an anode.
  • the two anodes 20 1 and 20 2 are essentially coplanar, or at least aligned according to the extent of the diode in the case where the diode is not planar.
  • organic electroluminescent layers are not represented therein. These layers are in fact present between the two electrodes.
  • the cathode can be made of calcium or even of aluminum, in particular when it is reflective.
  • the anodes are transparent and can be made from indium tin oxide (also known by the acronym ITO for Indium tin oxide ). This material is known to have a transparency which is inversely proportional to its conductivity.
  • the figure 4 is a front view of diode 8 of the figures 2 and 3 , illustrating by transparency the electrical connection zones of the cathode and the anodes. It can be seen that the electrical connection areas are located on the mounting edge 8 3 of the diode 8.
  • the cathode or first electrode 18 is not directly visible since it is hidden by the second electrode 20 (20 1 and 20 2 ) superimposed on it.
  • the cathode 18 is electrically connected to the two electrical connection zones 22 located at the ends of the edge 8 3 . More particularly, an electrical conductor 24 is directly electrically connected to the connection zones 22 and extends along the periphery of the cathode 18 in order to ensure optimum electrical distribution.
  • the material of the cathode can in fact have limited electrical conductivity, so that the presence of the conductor along its periphery is useful to ensure a constant potential over the extent of the electrode.
  • the electrical conductor is then preferably made of a metallic material capable of ensuring optimum electrical conduction.
  • the first anode 20 1 is electrically connected with the connection zone 30 which is, in this case, located essentially at the center of the edge 8 3 of the diode. Similar to the cathode, an electrical conductor 32 in the form of a metal track can extend along the periphery of the first anode 20 1 and be connected directly to the connection zone 30.
  • the second anode 20 2 is electrically connected with the two connection zones 26 which are, in this case, located on either side of the connection zone 30. Similar to the cathode and to the first anode, an electrical conductor 28 in the form of a metal track can extend along the periphery of the second anode 20 2 and be connected directly to the two connection zones 26.
  • the material of the anodes must, on the one hand, be transparent and, on the other hand, be conductive.
  • the layer or layers constituting the anodes must / must remain sufficiently thin to remain transparent and, therefore, have a certain resistivity which is penalizing for the homogeneity of the light beam emitted by the diode.
  • the presence of the conductor along the extent and / or the perimeter of the anodes is then useful to ensure a constant potential over the extent of the electrode.
  • the electrical connection zones 22, 26 and 30 can then be contacted by conductive elastic strips (not visible) supported by the insert 6 of the support of the module of the figure 1 .
  • the figure 5 is a side view of the central and upper part of the light module of the figure 1 .
  • the path of a ray 14 emitted by one of the LED diodes 34 illuminating one of the OLED diodes is represented therein.
  • the ray 14 is deflected for the first time when it penetrates the transparent or translucent material of the collimator 12. This deviation is not visible given the proximity between the diode 34 and the corresponding entry face of the collimator 12.
  • the ray propagates essentially in a straight line through the collimator material until it reaches the exit face, in this case an exit facet.
  • the ray 14 is then deflected a second time so as to be directed towards a portion of the corresponding OLED diode 8 which is close to the central portion 4 1 of the substrate 4.
  • the rays emitted by the diodes 34 are deflected by the collimators 12 so as to meet the corresponding OLED diodes 8 in areas of said diodes which are close to the optical axis.
  • the OLED diodes 8 consist of a superposition of several organic semiconductor layers between two electrodes, one of which is transparent.
  • the electrode located at the rear is reflective so that, on the one hand, the light emitted by the semiconductor layers is effectively directed towards the front, and on the other hand, the rays emitted by the LED diodes 34 in the direction of the OLED diodes 8 are reflected.
  • the electrode located at the front can therefore be totally or at least predominantly transparent.
  • the OLED diodes 8 advantageously form an angle ⁇ with a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the module, this angle ⁇ possibly being between 3 ° and 30 °, preferably between 5 ° and 25 °, more preferably between 8 ° and 20 ° .
  • the OLED diodes 8 are also tilted forward.
  • the angle ⁇ is greater than 0, preferably 3 °, so as to allow the formation of the light beam corresponding to the ray 14. This angle is also limited so that the light beam produced by the light rays emitted by the diodes OLED 8 is not too divergent from the optical axis.
  • the light beam produced by reflection of the rays 14 from the LED diodes 34 can thus be produced independently of the activation of the OLED diodes 8. In other words, the light beam from the LED diodes 34 can be added to the light beam produced.
  • the module which has just been described can thus perform several light signaling functions.
  • the central part comprising the LED diodes 36 and the collimator 10 housed in the cavity of the substrate 4 can perform a direction indicator function (flashing).
  • the OLED surface diodes 8 can provide a position signaling function (lantern).
  • the LED diodes 34 with the collimators 12 and the reflection property of the OLED diodes 8 can provide a brake indication function (stop function). Indeed, the regulatory requirements in terms of photometry are higher for the stop function than for the lantern function.
  • the presence of several diodes 34, more particularly on either side of the optical axis, and the quality of reflection of the surface diodes 8 makes it possible to meet these requirements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)

Description

L'invention a trait au domaine de l'éclairage et/ou de la signalisation lumineuse, notamment pour véhicule automobile. Plus précisément, l'invention a trait au domaine de l'éclairage et de la signalisation lumineuse au moyen de diodes à électroluminescence (LED) et de diodes à électroluminescence organiques (OLED). Une diode OLED est constituée d'une superposition de plusieurs couches semi-conductrices organiques entre deux électrodes dont l'une est transparente. L'électrode transparente est habituellement réalisée en oxyde d'indium-étain (aussi connu sous l'acronyme ITO pour Indium tin oxide). La caractéristique principale de l'oxyde d'indium-étain est sa combinaison de conductivité électrique et de transparence optique. Cependant, un compromis doit être atteint lors du dépôt de films, l'augmentation de la concentration de porteurs de charges induisant une hausse de conductivité du matériau, mais aussi une perte de sa transparence. En d'autres termes, une électrode en ITO avec un bon niveau de transparence présente une conductivité limitée.The invention relates to the field of lighting and / or light signaling, in particular for motor vehicles. More specifically, the invention relates to the field of lighting and light signaling by means of light-emitting diodes (LED) and organic light-emitting diodes (OLED). An OLED diode consists of a superposition of several organic semiconductor layers between two electrodes, one of which is transparent. The transparent electrode is usually made of indium tin oxide (also known by the acronym ITO for Indium tin oxide ). The main characteristic of indium tin oxide is its combination of electrical conductivity and optical transparency. However, a compromise must be reached when depositing films, the increase in the concentration of charge carriers inducing an increase in the conductivity of the material, but also a loss of its transparency. In other words, an ITO electrode with a good level of transparency has limited conductivity.

Les documents WO 2011/117771 A1 et US 2012/0292656 A1 décrivent des diodes organiques possédant des zones activables sélectivement définies par des portions d'électrodes électriquement isolées les unes des autres.The documents WO 2011/117771 A1 and US 2012/0292656 A1 describe organic diodes having selectively activatable zones defined by portions of electrodes electrically insulated from one another.

Le document de brevet publié WO 2009/101579 A1 divulgue un module lumineux comprenant une source lumineuse surfacique du type OLED et un dispositif optique. La source lumineuse OLED est segmentée de manière à pouvoir moduler le faisceau lumineux produit. A cet effet, elle comprend une anode fractionnée en deux portions électriquement indépendantes l'une de l'autre, et une cathode commune, une couche électroluminescente organique étant disposée entre l'anode et la cathode. Les raccordements électriques des deux portions de l'anode ainsi que de la cathode se font à des endroits différents du module, plus précisément à des bords opposés. Le module est en effet destiné à servir de module d'éclairage à monter sur ou dans une paroi. Dans ce cas de figure, la face arrière du module est en principe accessible pour y raccorder l'alimentation électrique. Une telle solution n'est cependant pas favorable à un montage en saillie d'un support du module ni à une réduction de l'épaisseur du module.The published patent document WO 2009/101579 A1 discloses a light module comprising a surface light source of the OLED type and an optical device. The OLED light source is segmented so as to be able to modulate the light beam produced. To this end, it comprises an anode divided into two portions electrically independent from one another, and a common cathode, an organic electroluminescent layer being arranged between the anode and the cathode. The electrical connections of the two portions of the anode as well as of the cathode are made at different locations of the module, more precisely at opposite edges. The module is in fact intended to serve as a lighting module to be mounted on or in a wall. In this case, the rear face of the module is in principle accessible for connecting the power supply. Such a solution is however not favorable to a projecting mounting of a support of the module or to a reduction in the thickness of the module.

Le document de brevet DE 20 2014 101 538 U divulgue un module lumineux, notamment pour véhicule automobile, comprenant une source lumineuse surfacique du type OLED. Cette source lumineuse est fractionnée en plusieurs zones activables indépendamment l'une de l'autre. Pour ce faire, la diode surfacique est constituée d'un empilement d'électrodes, avec une couche électroluminescente organique entre chaque paire d'électrodes adjacentes. Chaque paire d'électrodes adjacentes peut ainsi servir d'anode et de cathode en vue de l'activation de la couche électroluminescente organique disposée entre cette paire d'électrodes. Cette construction de diode OLED est intéressante en ce qu'elle permet de produire plusieurs couleurs d'émission, en fonction du choix des matériaux des couches électroluminescentes organiques. Elle est cependant pénalisante par son coût de production ainsi que par les pertes potentielles de lumière produite par chaque paire d'électrode au travers des autres couches. Cet enseignement ne semble également pas aborder la question du raccordement électrique des électrodes en vue de leur alimentation.The patent document DE 20 2014 101 538 U discloses a light module, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising a surface light source of the OLED type. This light source is divided into several activatable zones independently of one another. To do this, the surface diode is made a stack of electrodes, with an organic electroluminescent layer between each pair of adjacent electrodes. Each pair of adjacent electrodes can thus serve as an anode and a cathode with a view to activating the organic electroluminescent layer placed between this pair of electrodes. This construction of an OLED diode is advantageous in that it makes it possible to produce several emission colors, depending on the choice of materials of the organic electroluminescent layers. However, it is penalizing by its production cost as well as by the potential losses of light produced by each pair of electrodes through the other layers. This teaching also does not seem to address the question of the electrical connection of the electrodes with a view to their supply.

Le document de brevet publié US 2014/0056020 A1 divulgue un module lumineux pour véhicule automobile, comprenant une série de sources lumineuses surfaciques du type OLED. Ces diodes OLED sont disposées de manière circulaire. En référence à la figure 4 et aux paragraphes [0034] et [0035] de ce document, un module lumineux généralement étendu peut comprendre plusieurs, en l'occurrence deux diodes OLED pouvant être activées indépendamment l'une de l'autre. Chacune de ces diodes OLED peut par ailleurs être fractionnée en plusieurs portions ou segments. Cet enseignement ne détaille cependant pas davantage le fractionnement d'une diode OLED en plusieurs segments.The published patent document US 2014/0056020 A1 discloses a light module for a motor vehicle, comprising a series of surface light sources of the OLED type. These OLED diodes are arranged in a circular fashion. With reference to the figure 4 and in paragraphs [0034] and [0035] of this document, a generally extended light module can comprise several, in this case two OLED diodes which can be activated independently of one another. Each of these OLED diodes can moreover be divided into several portions or segments. However, this teaching does not detail the splitting of an OLED diode into several segments.

L'invention a pour objectif de proposer une source lumineuse surfacique du type OLED palliant au moins un des inconvénients de l'état de l'art susmentionné. Plus particulièrement, l'invention a pour objectif de proposer une source lumineuse surfacique du type OLED apte à assurer plusieurs fonctions lumineuses dans des conditions favorables, notamment d'un point de vue optique, d'un point de vue montage sur un support et/ou d'un point de vue de l'encombrement selon l'épaisseur.The objective of the invention is to provide a surface light source of the OLED type which overcomes at least one of the drawbacks of the above-mentioned state of the art. More particularly, the object of the invention is to provide a surface light source of the OLED type capable of providing several light functions under favorable conditions, in particular from an optical point of view, from a mounting point of view on a support and / or in terms of size depending on the thickness.

L'invention a pour objet une diode à électroluminescence organique telle que définie dans la revendication 1.The subject of the invention is an organic light-emitting diode as defined in claim 1.

Avantageusement, les zones de connexion électrique sont destinées à l'alimentation électrique à la diode de façon à ce qu'au moins une portion de la diode émette de la lumière lorsque la diode est alimentée.Advantageously, the electrical connection zones are intended for the electrical supply to the diode so that at least a portion of the diode emits light when the diode is powered.

Avantageusement, les zones de connexion électrique sont situées sur un seul des bords de la diode.Advantageously, the electrical connection zones are located on only one of the edges of the diode.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, la première électrode est reliée électriquement à au moins deux zones de connexion distinctes.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first electrode is electrically connected to at least two distinct connection zones.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, la première électrode, ou la portion, ou chacune des portions, de la deuxième électrode reliée(s) électriquement à au moins deux zones de connexion distinctes, est reliée à ses zones de connexion depuis des positions sur ladite électrode ou portion qui sont distantes l'une de l'autre d'au moins un quart, préférentiellement la moitié, de l'étendue maximale de ladite électrode ou portion.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first electrode, or the portion, or each of the portions, of the second electrode electrically connected to at least two distinct connection zones, is connected to its connection zones from positions on said electrode or portion which are distant from each other by at least a quarter, preferably half, of the maximum extent of said electrode or portion.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, la portion, ou chacune des portions, de la deuxième électrode qui contourne l'autre portion ou une des autres portions depuis le bord comprenant les zones de connexion électrique est reliée électriquement à deux zones de connexion distinctes disposées audit bord de part et d'autre d'au moins une zone de connexion reliée électriquement à l'autre ou une des autres portions qu'elle contourne.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the portion, or each of the portions, of the second electrode which bypasses the other portion or one of the other portions from the edge comprising the electrical connection zones is electrically connected to two distinct connection zones arranged on said edge on either side of at least one connection zone electrically connected to the other or to one of the other portions which it circumvents.

Au moins une des portions, voire chaque portion, de la deuxième électrode est reliée électriquement à au moins deux zones de connexion distinctes disposées sur deux bords distincts, voire opposés, de la diode. Le cas échéant, ladite portion peut s'étendre sur tout le long de la diode. Dans ce cas, les portions de la deuxième électrode forment des bandes d'électrodes disposées de façon adjacente.At least one of the portions, or even each portion, of the second electrode is electrically connected to at least two distinct connection zones arranged on two distinct, or even opposite, edges of the diode. Where appropriate, said portion can extend over the entire length of the diode. In this case, the portions of the second electrode form strips of electrodes arranged adjacent.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, la première électrode et/ou au moins une des portions de la deuxième électrode comprend un conducteur électrique s'étendant le long de ladite électrode ou portion d'électrode, ledit conducteur étant en un matériau distinct et meilleur conducteur électrique que le matériau principal de la ladite électrode ou portion d'électrode.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first electrode and / or at least one of the portions of the second electrode comprises an electrical conductor extending along said electrode or portion of an electrode, said conductor being made of a separate material and better electrical conductor than the main material of said electrode or electrode portion.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, le conducteur électrique de la première électrode et/ou de la portion ou des portions de la deuxième électrode s'étend jusqu'à la (aux) zone(s) de connexion électrique de ladite électrode ou portion d'électrode.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the electrical conductor of the first electrode and / or of the portion or portions of the second electrode extends as far as the electrical connection zone (s) of said electrode or electrode portion.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, le conducteur électrique ou chacun des conducteurs électriques présente une largeur moyenne inférieure à 10 mm .According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the electrical conductor or each of the electrical conductors has an average width of less than 10 mm.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, le matériau du ou des conducteurs électriques est de l'oxyde d'indium-étain (ITO) ou de l'aluminium ou du calcium. Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, le conducteur électrique de la première électrode et/ou de la portion ou des portions de la deuxième électrode s'étend le long d'un contour de ladite électrode ou portion d'électrode.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the material of the electrical conductor (s) is indium tin oxide (ITO) or aluminum or calcium. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the electrical conductor of the first electrode and / or of the portion or portions of the second electrode extends along a contour of said electrode or portion of electrode.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, la première électrode est réfléchissante et/ou la deuxième électrode est transparente.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first electrode is reflective and / or the second electrode is transparent.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, la deuxième électrode est constituée d'oxyde d'indium-étain.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the second electrode consists of indium-tin oxide.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, les zones de contact électrique sont situées, préférentiellement exclusivement, dans l'étendue de la diode sur une de ses deux faces principales.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the electrical contact zones are located, preferably exclusively, within the extent of the diode on one of its two main faces.

L'invention a également pour objet un module lumineux, notamment pour véhicule automobile, comprenant : un support de source(s) lumineuse(s) ; au moins une source lumineuse surfacique du type diode à électroluminescence organique sur le support, apte à émettre un faisceau lumineux orienté essentiellement selon un axe optique dudit module ; remarquable en ce que la ou les sources lumineuses surfaciques sont conformes à l'invention, le faisceau lumineux étant modulable par activation sélective des portions de la deuxième électrode.The subject of the invention is also a light module, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising: a support for light source (s); at least one surface light source of the organic electroluminescence diode type on the support, capable of emitting a light beam oriented essentially along an optical axis of said module; remarkable in that the surface light source or sources are in accordance with the invention, the light beam being adjustable by selective activation of the portions of the second electrode.

La source lumineuse surfacique peut être agencée pour que le faisceau lumineux réalise une première fonction photométrique, par exemple un feu de position, lors de l'activation d'une seule première portion de la deuxième électrode. La source lumineuse surfacique peut être agencée pour que le faisceau lumineux réalise une deuxième fonction photométrique, par exemple un clignotant, lors de l'activation d'une seule deuxième portion de la deuxième électrode. Eventuellement, la source lumineuse surfacique peut être agencée pour que le faisceau lumineux réalise une troisième fonction photométrique, par exemple un feu stop, lors de l'activation de toutes les portions de la deuxième électrode.The surface light source can be arranged so that the light beam performs a first photometric function, for example a position light, during the activation of a single first portion of the second electrode. The surface light source can be arranged so that the light beam performs a second photometric function, for example a flashing light, during the activation of a single second portion of the second electrode. Optionally, the surface light source can be arranged so that the light beam performs a third photometric function, for example a brake light, during the activation of all the portions of the second electrode.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, la ou les sources lumineuses surfaciques s'étendant transversalement à l'axe optique du module.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the surface light source or sources extending transversely to the optical axis of the module.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, la ou les sources lumineuses surfaciques forment un angle α avec une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe optique qui est inférieur à 30°, préférentiellement 25°, plus préférentiellement 20°.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the surface light source (s) form an angle α with a direction perpendicular to the optical axis which is less than 30 °, preferably 25 °, more preferably 20 °.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, l'angle α est supérieur à 3°, préférentiellement 5°, plus préférentiellement 8°.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the angle α is greater than 3 °, preferably 5 °, more preferably 8 °.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, le faisceau lumineux émis par la ou les sources lumineuses surfaciques est un premier faisceau, le module comprenant une ou plusieurs sources lumineuses additionnelles apte à éclairer la ou les sources lumineuses surfaciques et à former un deuxième faisceau lumineux par réflexion sur lesdites sources lumineuses surfaciques.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the light beam emitted by the surface light source (s) is a first beam, the module comprising one or more additional light sources capable of illuminating the surface light source (s) and of forming a second light beam by reflection on said surface light sources.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, le module comprend un dispositif optique, préférentiellement un collimateur, apte à dévier les rayons lumineux émis par la ou les sources lumineuses additionnelles selon une direction principale, lesdits rayons déviés rencontrant la ou les sources lumineuses surfaciques avec un angle d'incidence non nul.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the module comprises an optical device, preferably a collimator, capable of deflecting the light rays emitted by the additional light source (s) in a main direction, said rays deviated encountering the surface light source (s) with a non-zero angle of incidence.

Selon un mode avantageux de l'invention, le premier faisceau correspond à une fonction de signalisation de position pour véhicule automobile et/ou le deuxième faisceau correspond à une fonction de signalisation de freinage pour véhicule automobile.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first beam corresponds to a position signaling function for a motor vehicle and / or the second beam corresponds to a braking signaling function for a motor vehicle.

Les mesures de l'invention sont intéressantes en ce qu'elles favorisent le montage de la source lumineuse en saillie d'un support. Elles sont également intéressantes en ce qu'elles favorisent l'homogénéité lumineuse en compensant les pertes par effet ohm le long des électrodes. La source lumineuse peut ainsi être utilisée comme émetteur de faisceau lumineux ainsi que comme réflecteur.The measures of the invention are advantageous in that they promote the mounting of the light source projecting from a support. They are also advantageous in that they promote luminous homogeneity by compensating for the losses by ohm effect along the electrodes. The light source can thus be used as a light beam emitter as well as a reflector.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention seront mieux compris à l'aide de la description et des dessins parmi lesquels :

  • La figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un module lumineux conforme à l'invention ;
  • La figure 2 est une vue de face d'une des deux sources lumineuses surfaciques du type OLED du module de la figure 1 ;
  • La figure 3 est une vue éclatée en perspective de la source lumineuse surfacique OLED de la figure 2 ;
  • La figure 4 est une vue de face de la source lumineuse surfacique OLED de la figure 2, illustrant les zones de contact électrique ;
  • La figure 5 est une vue de côté du module de la figure 1, illustrant la double fonction des sources lumineuses surfaciques du type OLED.
Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will be better understood with the aid of the description and the drawings, among which:
  • The figure 1 is a perspective view of a light module according to the invention;
  • The figure 2 is a front view of one of the two surface light sources of the OLED type of the module of the figure 1 ;
  • The figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of the OLED surface light source of the figure 2 ;
  • The figure 4 is a front view of the OLED surface light source of the figure 2 , illustrating the electrical contact zones;
  • The figure 5 is a side view of the module of the figure 1 , illustrating the dual function of surface light sources of the OLED type.

La figure 1 illustre un module de signalisation lumineuse pour véhicule automobile. Le module 2 est configuré pour être logé dans un boîtier disposé à l'arrière du véhicule. Il est configuré pour assurer une fonction de lanterne (ou feux arrière), une fonction de feux stop et une fonction d'indicateur de direction (ou clignotant).The figure 1 illustrates a light signaling module for a motor vehicle. The module 2 is configured to be housed in a housing arranged at the rear of the vehicle. It is configured to provide a lantern function (or tail lights), a brake light function and a direction indicator (or turn signal) function.

Le module 2 comprend un substrat 4 et une pièce 6 rapportée sur le substrat. La pièce rapportée 6 peut être fixée au substrat au moyen de vis. Le substrat 4 comprend, essentiellement, une partie centrale 41, deux parois latérales 42, deux parois frontales 43 faisant saillie des parois latérales 42. Les deux parois latérales 42 forment une cavité logeant des sources lumineuses (non visibles) ainsi qu'un collimateur 10 en vue de former un faisceau lumineux pour une fonction d'indicateur de direction.The module 2 comprises a substrate 4 and a part 6 attached to the substrate. The insert 6 can be fixed to the substrate by means of screws. Substrate 4 essentially comprises a central part 4 1 , two side walls 4 2 , two front walls 4 3 projecting from the side walls 4 2 . The two side walls 4 2 form a cavity housing light sources (not visible) as well as a collimator 10 in order to form a light beam for a direction indicator function.

La pièce rapportée 6 comprend deux supports 61 et une partie arrière 62. Les supports 61 sont disposés de manière à faire saillie de la partie centrale 41 du substrat 4 de manière essentiellement opposé l'un à l'autre. Chacun de ces supports 61 soutient une diode surfacique du type OLED 8. Une OLED est une diode à électroluminescence comprenant une superposition de plusieurs couches semi-conductrices organiques entre deux électrodes dont l'une (au moins) est transparente. En l'occurrence, ces diodes OLED assurent une fonction de lanterne. La partie arrière 62 de la pièce rapportée 6 est configurée pour loger un connecteur 14 d'alimentation électrique.The attached part 6 comprises two supports 6 1 and a rear part 6 2 . The supports 6 1 are arranged so as to project from the central part 4 1 of the substrate 4 in a manner essentially opposite to each other. Each of these supports 6 1 supports a surface of the OLED diode 8. An OLED is a diode electroluminescence comprising a superposition of several organic semiconductor layers between two electrodes one of which (at least) is transparent. In this case, these OLED diodes perform a lantern function. The rear part 6 2 of the insert 6 is configured to house a connector 14 for power supply.

Le substrat 4 du module 2 supporte également une ou plusieurs sources lumineuses (non visibles) entre les parois latérales 42 et les diodes OLED 8, cette ou ces sources lumineuses étant recouvertes d'un collimateur 12 en vue d'assurer une fonction de feux stop. Plus précisément, les rayons émis par ces sources lumineuses et déviés par le collimateur 12 pour rencontrer la face avant de la diode OLED 8 correspondante et y être réfléchis vers l'avant du module.The substrate 4 of the module 2 also supports one or more light sources (not visible) between the side walls 4 2 and the OLED diodes 8, this or these light sources being covered with a collimator 12 in order to perform a light function. stop. More precisely, the rays emitted by these light sources and deflected by the collimator 12 to meet the front face of the corresponding OLED diode 8 and to be reflected there towards the front of the module.

L'axe longitudinal du module représenté aux figures 1 et 2 correspond à son axe optique. Cela signifie que les différents faisceaux lumineux produits par le module 2 sont orientés essentiellement selon cet axe. Tous ces faisceaux sont préférentiellement dirigés vers l'avant du module (correspondant à la droite à la figure 1 et à l'arrière du véhicule).The longitudinal axis of the module shown in figures 1 and 2 corresponds to its optical axis. This means that the different light beams produced by the module 2 are oriented essentially along this axis. All these beams are preferably directed towards the front of the module (corresponding to the right at the figure 1 and at the rear of the vehicle).

Les collimateurs 10 et 12 sont des pièces en matière transparente ou translucide, telle que du verre ou du polycarbonate (PC) ou du polyméthacrylate de méthyle (PMMA). Ils comprennent des surfaces d'entrée et ou de sorties orientées de manière à dévier les rayons selon une direction principale, en application du principe de réfraction de Snell-Descartes. Les faces d'entrée et de sortie forment en effet chacune un dioptre, à savoir une surface séparant deux milieux transparents homogènes et isotropes, d'indices de réfraction différents. L'indice de réfraction de l'air est en effet de l'ordre de 1 alors que celui du verre et du polycarbonate est situé entre 1.4 et 1.6 environ. Le principe de fonctionnement d'un collimateur est bien connu en soi de l'homme de métier ; il n'est par conséquent pas nécessaire de le détailler davantage.The collimators 10 and 12 are parts made of transparent or translucent material, such as glass or polycarbonate (PC) or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). They include entry and / or exit surfaces oriented so as to deflect the rays in a main direction, in application of the Snell-Descartes principle of refraction. The input and output faces in fact each form a diopter, namely a surface separating two transparent homogeneous and isotropic media, with different refractive indices. The refractive index of the air is indeed of the order of 1 while that of glass and polycarbonate is between 1.4 and 1.6 approximately. The principle of operation of a collimator is well known per se to those skilled in the art; it is therefore not necessary to detail it further.

La figure 2 illustre un exemple de diode surfacique OLED pour le module de la figure 1. On peut observer que la diode 8 est fractionnée en deux zones éclairantes, à savoir une première zone 81 et une deuxième zone 82. Chacune de ces zones peut être activée électriquement de manière indépendante.The figure 2 illustrates an example of an OLED surface diode for the module of the figure 1 . It can be observed that the diode 8 is divided into two illuminating zones, namely a first zone 8 1 and a second zone 8 2 . Each of these zones can be electrically activated independently.

Toujours à la figure 2, la diode 8 comprend un bord 83 destiné à assurer la fixation et le raccordement électrique de la diode au support du module lumineux de la figure 1.Always at the figure 2 , the diode 8 comprises an edge 8 3 intended to ensure the fixing and the electrical connection of the diode to the support of the light module of the figure 1 .

La figure 3 illustre en perspective et de manière éclatée la diode surfacique OLED 8 de la figure 2.The figure 3 illustrates in perspective and exploded the surface diode OLED 8 of the figure 2 .

On peut observer que la diode 8 comprend deux couches extérieures 16 destinées à la protéger de l'extérieur. Ces couches sont transparentes et peuvent être notamment en verre. La diode 8 comprend également une première électrode 18 destinée à être raccordée à un potentiel négatif pouvant correspondre à la masse d'un véhicule (en cas de montage sur un véhicule). Cette première électrode est couramment appelée cathode. On peut observer que cette électrode 18 s'étend sur la majorité de l'étendue de la diode 8. Cette dernière comprend également une deuxième électrode 20 qui est fractionnée en plusieurs portions, en l'occurrence en deux portions 201 et 202. La portion 201 correspond à une portion centrale alors que la portion 202 contourne la portion centrale 201. Les portions 201 et 202 correspondent en fait, respectivement, aux première et deuxième zones 81 et 82 de la diode 8 telle qu'illustrée à la figure 2. La deuxième électrode 20, en l'occurrence ses deux portions 201 et 202, sont destinées à être amenées à un potentiel positif de manière à former un champ électrique avec la première électrode. La deuxième électrode est couramment appelée anode. A l'état assemblé de la diode, les deux anodes 201 et 202 sont essentiellement coplanaires, ou du moins alignées selon l'étendue de la diode au cas où la diode n'est pas plane.It can be observed that the diode 8 comprises two outer layers 16 intended to protect it from the outside. These layers are transparent and can in particular be made of glass. Diode 8 also comprises a first electrode 18 intended to be connected to a negative potential which may correspond to the ground of a vehicle (in the event of mounting on a vehicle). This first electrode is commonly called a cathode. It can be observed that this electrode 18 extends over the majority of the extent of the diode 8. The latter also comprises a second electrode 20 which is divided into several portions, in this case into two portions 20 1 and 20 2 . The portion 20 1 corresponds to a central portion while the portion 20 2 bypasses the central portion 20 1 . The portions 20 1 and 20 2 in fact correspond, respectively, to the first and second zones 8 1 and 8 2 of the diode 8 as illustrated in figure 2 . The second electrode 20, in this case its two portions 20 1 and 20 2 , are intended to be brought to a positive potential so as to form an electric field with the first electrode. The second electrode is commonly referred to as an anode. In the assembled state of the diode, the two anodes 20 1 and 20 2 are essentially coplanar, or at least aligned according to the extent of the diode in the case where the diode is not planar.

Il est à mentionner que pour des raisons de clarté d'exposé, les couches électroluminescentes organiques n'y sont pas représentées. Ces couches sont en fait présentes entre les deux électrodes.It should be mentioned that for reasons of clarity of presentation, the organic electroluminescent layers are not represented therein. These layers are in fact present between the two electrodes.

La cathode peut être réalisée en calcium ou encore en aluminium notamment lorsqu'elle est réfléchissante. Les anodes sont transparentes et peuvent être réalisées en oxyde d'indium-étain (aussi connu sous l'acronyme ITO pour Indium tin oxide). Ce matériau est connu pour présenter une transparence qui est inversement proportionnelle à sa conductivité.The cathode can be made of calcium or even of aluminum, in particular when it is reflective. The anodes are transparent and can be made from indium tin oxide (also known by the acronym ITO for Indium tin oxide ). This material is known to have a transparency which is inversely proportional to its conductivity.

La figure 4 est une vue de face de la diode 8 des figures 2 et 3, illustrant par transparence les zones de connexion électrique de la cathode et des anodes. On peut observer que les zones de connexion électrique sont situées sur le bord de montage 83 de la diode 8. La cathode ou première électrode 18 n'est pas directement visible dans la mesure où elle est cachée par la deuxième électrode 20 (201 et 202) qui lui est superposée. La cathode 18 est reliée électriquement aux deux zones de connexion électrique 22 situées aux extrémités du bord 83. Plus particulièrement, un conducteur électrique 24 est directement relié électriquement aux zones de connexion 22 et s'étend le long du pourtour de la cathode 18 en vue d'assurer une distribution électrique optimale. Le matériau de la cathode peut en effet présenter une conductivité électrique limitée, si bien que la présence du conducteur le long de son pourtour est utile pour assurer un potentiel constant sur l'étendue de l'électrode. Le conducteur électrique est alors préférentiellement réalisé en un matériau métallique apte à assurer une conduction électrique optimale.The figure 4 is a front view of diode 8 of the figures 2 and 3 , illustrating by transparency the electrical connection zones of the cathode and the anodes. It can be seen that the electrical connection areas are located on the mounting edge 8 3 of the diode 8. The cathode or first electrode 18 is not directly visible since it is hidden by the second electrode 20 (20 1 and 20 2 ) superimposed on it. The cathode 18 is electrically connected to the two electrical connection zones 22 located at the ends of the edge 8 3 . More particularly, an electrical conductor 24 is directly electrically connected to the connection zones 22 and extends along the periphery of the cathode 18 in order to ensure optimum electrical distribution. The material of the cathode can in fact have limited electrical conductivity, so that the presence of the conductor along its periphery is useful to ensure a constant potential over the extent of the electrode. The electrical conductor is then preferably made of a metallic material capable of ensuring optimum electrical conduction.

La première anode 201 est reliée électriquement avec la zone de connexion 30 qui est, en l'occurrence, située essentiellement au centre du bord 83 de la diode. Similairement à la cathode, un conducteur électrique 32 sous forme d'une piste métallique peut s'étendre le long du pourtour de la première anode 201 et être reliée directement à la zone de connexion 30.The first anode 20 1 is electrically connected with the connection zone 30 which is, in this case, located essentially at the center of the edge 8 3 of the diode. Similar to the cathode, an electrical conductor 32 in the form of a metal track can extend along the periphery of the first anode 20 1 and be connected directly to the connection zone 30.

La deuxième anode 202 est reliée électriquement avec les deux zones de connexion 26 qui sont, en l'occurrence, situées de part et d'autre de la zone de connexion 30. Similairement à la cathode et à la première anode, un conducteur électrique 28 sous forme d'une piste métallique peut s'étendre le long du pourtour de la deuxième anode 202 et être relié directement aux deux zones de connexion 26.The second anode 20 2 is electrically connected with the two connection zones 26 which are, in this case, located on either side of the connection zone 30. Similar to the cathode and to the first anode, an electrical conductor 28 in the form of a metal track can extend along the periphery of the second anode 20 2 and be connected directly to the two connection zones 26.

Comme déjà mentionné précédemment, le matériau des anodes doit, d'une part, être transparent et, d'autre part, être conducteur. La ou les couches constituant les anodes doit/doivent rester suffisamment mince(s) pour rester transparente(s) et, partant, présenter une certaine résistivité qui est pénalisante pour l'homogénéité du faisceau lumineux émis par la diode. La présence du conducteur le long de l'étendue et/ou du pourtour des anodes est alors utile pour assurer un potentiel constant sur l'étendue de l'électrode.As already mentioned above, the material of the anodes must, on the one hand, be transparent and, on the other hand, be conductive. The layer or layers constituting the anodes must / must remain sufficiently thin to remain transparent and, therefore, have a certain resistivity which is penalizing for the homogeneity of the light beam emitted by the diode. The presence of the conductor along the extent and / or the perimeter of the anodes is then useful to ensure a constant potential over the extent of the electrode.

Les zones de connexion électrique 22, 26 et 30 peuvent alors être contactées par des lamelles élastiques conductrices (non visibles) supportées par la pièce rapportée 6 du support du module de la figure 1.The electrical connection zones 22, 26 and 30 can then be contacted by conductive elastic strips (not visible) supported by the insert 6 of the support of the module of the figure 1 .

La figure 5 est une vue de côté de la partie centrale et supérieure du module lumineux de la figure 1. Le parcours d'un rayon 14 émis par une des diodes LED 34 éclairant une des diodes OLED y est représenté. Le rayon 14 est dévié une première fois lorsqu'il pénètre la matière transparente ou translucide du collimateur 12. Cette déviation n'est pas visible compte tenu de la proximité entre la diode 34 et la face d'entrée correspondante du collimateur 12. Le rayon se propage essentiellement en ligne droite dans la matière du collimateur jusqu'à ce qu'il atteigne la face de sortie, en l'occurrence un facette de sortie. Le rayon 14 est alors dévié une deuxième fois de manière à être dirigé vers une portion de la diode OLED 8 correspondante qui est proche de la portion centrale 41 du substrat 4. En d'autres termes, les rayons émis par les diodes 34 sont déviés par les collimateurs 12 de manière à rencontrer les diodes OLED 8 correspondantes en des zones desdites diodes qui sont proches de l'axe optique.The figure 5 is a side view of the central and upper part of the light module of the figure 1 . The path of a ray 14 emitted by one of the LED diodes 34 illuminating one of the OLED diodes is represented therein. The ray 14 is deflected for the first time when it penetrates the transparent or translucent material of the collimator 12. This deviation is not visible given the proximity between the diode 34 and the corresponding entry face of the collimator 12. The ray propagates essentially in a straight line through the collimator material until it reaches the exit face, in this case an exit facet. The ray 14 is then deflected a second time so as to be directed towards a portion of the corresponding OLED diode 8 which is close to the central portion 4 1 of the substrate 4. In other words, the rays emitted by the diodes 34 are deflected by the collimators 12 so as to meet the corresponding OLED diodes 8 in areas of said diodes which are close to the optical axis.

Comme mentionné précédemment, les diodes OLED 8 sont constituées d'une superposition de plusieurs couches semi-conductrices organiques entre deux électrodes dont l'une est transparente. En l'occurrence, l'électrode située à l'arrière est réfléchissante de manière à ce que, d'une part, la lumière émise par les couches semi-conductrices soit efficacement dirigée vers l'avant, et d'autre part, les rayons émis par les diodes LED 34 en direction des diodes OLED 8 soient réfléchis. L'électrode située à l'avant peut par conséquent être totalement ou du moins majoritairement transparente.As mentioned previously, the OLED diodes 8 consist of a superposition of several organic semiconductor layers between two electrodes, one of which is transparent. In this case, the electrode located at the rear is reflective so that, on the one hand, the light emitted by the semiconductor layers is effectively directed towards the front, and on the other hand, the rays emitted by the LED diodes 34 in the direction of the OLED diodes 8 are reflected. The electrode located at the front can therefore be totally or at least predominantly transparent.

Les diodes OLED 8 forment avantageusement un angle α avec une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe optique du module, cet angle γ pouvant être compris entre 3° et 30°, préférentiellement entre 5° et 25°, plus préférentiellement entre 8° et 20°. Les diodes OLED 8 sont par ailleurs inclinées vers l'avant. L'angle α est supérieur à 0, préférentiellement à 3°, de manière à permettre la formation du faisceau lumineux correspondant au rayon 14. Cet angle est également limité de manière à ce que le faisceau lumineux produit par les rayons lumineux émis par les diodes OLED 8 ne soit pas trop divergent par rapport à l'axe optique.The OLED diodes 8 advantageously form an angle α with a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the module, this angle γ possibly being between 3 ° and 30 °, preferably between 5 ° and 25 °, more preferably between 8 ° and 20 ° . The OLED diodes 8 are also tilted forward. The angle α is greater than 0, preferably 3 °, so as to allow the formation of the light beam corresponding to the ray 14. This angle is also limited so that the light beam produced by the light rays emitted by the diodes OLED 8 is not too divergent from the optical axis.

Le faisceau lumineux produit par réflexion des rayons 14 des diodes LED 34 peut ainsi être produit indépendamment de l'activation des diodes OLED 8. En d'autres termes, le faisceau lumineux des diodes LED 34 peut s'additionner au faisceau lumineux produitThe light beam produced by reflection of the rays 14 from the LED diodes 34 can thus be produced independently of the activation of the OLED diodes 8. In other words, the light beam from the LED diodes 34 can be added to the light beam produced.

Le module qui vient d'être décrit peut ainsi assurer plusieurs fonctions de signalisation lumineuses. En l'occurrence, la partie centrale comprenant les diodes LED 36 et le collimateur 10 logés dans la cavité du substrat 4 peut assurer une fonction d'indicateur de direction (clignotant). Les diodes surfaciques OLED 8 peuvent assurer une fonction de signalisation de position (lanterne). Les diodes LED 34 avec les collimateurs 12 et la propriété de réflexion des diodes OLED 8 peuvent assurer une fonction d'indication de freinage (fonction stop). En effet, les exigences réglementaires en termes de photométrie sont plus élevées pour la fonction stop que pour la fonction de lanterne. La présence de plusieurs diodes 34, plus particulièrement de part et d'autre de l'axe optique, et la qualité de réflexion des diodes surfaciques 8 permet d'atteindre ces exigences.The module which has just been described can thus perform several light signaling functions. In this case, the central part comprising the LED diodes 36 and the collimator 10 housed in the cavity of the substrate 4 can perform a direction indicator function (flashing). The OLED surface diodes 8 can provide a position signaling function (lantern). The LED diodes 34 with the collimators 12 and the reflection property of the OLED diodes 8 can provide a brake indication function (stop function). Indeed, the regulatory requirements in terms of photometry are higher for the stop function than for the lantern function. The presence of several diodes 34, more particularly on either side of the optical axis, and the quality of reflection of the surface diodes 8 makes it possible to meet these requirements.

Claims (12)

  1. Organic light-emitting diode (8) comprising:
    - a generally extensive first electrode (18);
    - a generally extensive second electrode (20) placed facing the first electrode (18), the second electrode (20) comprising at least two portions (201, 202) that are electrically insulated from each other;
    - at least one emissive organic layer placed between the first and second electrodes;
    - zones (22, 26, 30) for electrically connecting the first and second electrodes (18, 20); and
    - a plurality of edges;
    the zones (22, 26, 30) for electrically connecting the first and second electrodes (18, 20) being located on at least one of the edges (83) of the diode;
    characterized in that at least one of the portions (202) of the second electrode (20) is electrically connected to at least two separate connecting zones (26); in that at least one of the portions (202) of the second electrode (20) skirts around the other portion (201), or one of the other portions, from the edge (83) or one of the edges comprising the electrically connecting zones (22, 26, 30); and in that the portion (202), or each of the portions, of the second electrode (20) that skirts around the other portion (201) or one of the other portions from the edge (83) comprising the electrically connecting zones (22, 26, 30) is electrically connected to two separate connecting zones (26) that are placed on said edge (83) on either side of at least one connecting zone (30) electrically connected to the other (201) or one of the other portions that it skirts around.
  2. Diode (8) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the first electrode (18) is electrically connected to at least two separate connecting zones (22).
  3. Diode (8) according to one of Claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the first electrode (18) and/or at least one of the portions (201, 202) of the second electrode (20) comprises an electrical conductor (24, 32, 28) extending along said electrode (18) or electrode portion (201, 202), said conductor being made of a material different from and more highly electrically conductive than the main material of said electrode or electrode portion.
  4. Diode (8) according to Claim 3, characterized in that the electrical conductor (24, 32, 28) of the first electrode (18) and/or of the portion or portions (201, 202) of the second electrode (20) extends as far as the zone(s) of electrical contact (24, 32, 28) of said electrode (18) or electrode portion(s) (201, 202).
  5. Diode (8) according to one of Claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the electrical conductor (24, 32, 28) of the first electrode (18) and/or of the portion or portions (201, 202) of the second electrode (20) extends along an outline of said electrode (18) or electrode portion(s) (201, 202).
  6. Diode (8) according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first electrode (18) is reflective and/or the second electrode (20) is transparent.
  7. Diode (8) according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the electrically connecting zones (22, 26, 30) are located, preferably exclusively, in the extent of the diode (8) on one of its two main faces.
  8. Luminous module (2), especially for an automotive vehicle, comprising:
    - a holder (4, 6) of one or more light sources (8, 34, 36); and
    - at least one areal organic light-emitting diode light source (8) on the holder, able to emit a light beam oriented essentially along an optical axis of said module;
    characterized in that
    the one or more areal light sources (8) are according to one of Claims 1 to 7, the light beam being modulatable by selective activation of portions of the second electrode
  9. Luminous module (2) according to Claim 8, characterized in that the one or more areal light sources (8) extend transversely to the optical axis of the module.
  10. Luminous module (2) as claimed in one of Claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the light beam emitted by the one or more areal light sources (8) is a first beam, the module (2) comprising one or more additional light sources (34) able to illuminate the one or more areal light sources (8) and to form a second light beam by reflection from said areal light sources (8).
  11. Luminous module (2) according to Claim 10, characterized in that it comprises an optical device (12), preferably a collimator, able to deviate the light rays emitted by the one or more additional light sources (34) in a main direction, said deviated rays encountering the one or more areal light sources (8) with a nonzero angle of incidence.
  12. Luminous module (2) according to one of Claims 10 or 11, characterized in that the first beam corresponds to an automotive vehicle position signaling function and/or the second beam corresponds to an automotive vehicle braking signaling function.
EP15184016.2A 2014-09-15 2015-09-07 Multifunctional light module with segmented oled diode Active EP2995850B1 (en)

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FR1458666A FR3025942B1 (en) 2014-09-15 2014-09-15 MULTIFUNCTION LUMINOUS MODULE WITH SEGMENTED OLED DIODE

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CN105428547A (en) 2016-03-23
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US9936562B2 (en) 2018-04-03
EP2995850A1 (en) 2016-03-16
FR3025942B1 (en) 2017-12-01

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