EP2986743A1 - Method and plant for the production of ferro-alloys with low carbon content in a vacuum converter - Google Patents

Method and plant for the production of ferro-alloys with low carbon content in a vacuum converter

Info

Publication number
EP2986743A1
EP2986743A1 EP14724289.5A EP14724289A EP2986743A1 EP 2986743 A1 EP2986743 A1 EP 2986743A1 EP 14724289 A EP14724289 A EP 14724289A EP 2986743 A1 EP2986743 A1 EP 2986743A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
converter
vacuum
nozzles
injected
oxygen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14724289.5A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2986743B1 (en
Inventor
Johann Reichel
Lutz Rose
Jan Bader
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SMS Group GmbH
Original Assignee
SMS Group GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SMS Group GmbH filed Critical SMS Group GmbH
Publication of EP2986743A1 publication Critical patent/EP2986743A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2986743B1 publication Critical patent/EP2986743B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
    • C21C5/35—Blowing from above and through the bath
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/068—Decarburising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum

Definitions

  • the vacuum converter is equipped with a valve station that allows mixing of the process and inert gases used for the top lance and bottom bath nozzles.
  • the gases are mixed as follows, especially in the case of the underbath nozzles on the process and inert gas sides

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the production of ferro-alloys, particularly FeCr and FeMn alloys, with low carbon content in a vacuum converter. In the first stage, the melt is subjected to desiliconization and principal decarburization in the vacuum converter on the basis of the converter method under atmospheric conditions, wherein oxygen is injected into the melt via a top lance and oxygen and CO2 are injected into the melt via the nozzles, particularly annular gap nozzles, under the bath and subsequently, in a second stage, in the same converter the deep carburization phase takes place under a vacuum, wherein CO2 or CmH2m+2 is additionally injected on the protective gas side of the under-bath nozzles.

Description

Verfahren und Anlage zur Hersteilung von Ferrolegierungen mit niedrigem Kohlenstoff gehallt in einem Vakuum-Konverter  Process and plant for the production of low carbon ferroalloys deposited in a vacuum converter
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Ferrolegierungen, insbesondere von FeCr und FeMn Legierungen, mit niedrigem Kohlenstoffgehalt im AOD Konverter, sowie eine Anlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens. The invention relates to a process for the preparation of ferroalloys, in particular of FeCr and FeMn alloys, with low carbon content in the AOD converter, as well as a plant for carrying out the process.
Der Entkohlungsprozess für die Herstellung von Ferrolegierungen mit niedrigsten The decarburization process for the production of ferroalloys with lowest
C-Gehalten findet heute im AOD-Konverter (Argon-Oxygen-Decarburisation), CLU Konverter (Creusot Loire Uddeholm) oder in einer VOD-Anlage (Vacuum Oxgen Decarburisation) statt. C levels today are in the AOD converter (argon oxygen decarburization), CLU converter (Creusot Loire Uddeholm) or in a VOD (Vacuum Oxgen Decarburisation) instead.
Die Nachteile dieser bekannten Konverterverfahren AOD und CLU bestehen darin, dass tiefe C-Gehalte nur bedingt über sehr lange Behandlungszeiten unter atmosphärischen Druck erreicht werden können. Wegen der hohen Start Si- Gehalte und der hohen Start C- Gehalte müssen bei den konventionellen Konverterverfahren große Kühlmittelmengen während der Entsilizierungs- und Hauptentkohlungsphase zugesetzt werden. The disadvantages of these known converter methods AOD and CLU are that low C contents can only be achieved to a limited extent over very long treatment times under atmospheric pressure. Because of the high starting Si contents and high starting C contents, conventional converter methods require the addition of large quantities of coolant during the desiliconization and main decarburization phases.
Die erreichbaren Grenzwerte für Kohlenstoff zur Produktion von FeCr und The achievable limits for carbon for the production of FeCr and
FeMn liegen bei den konventionellen Verfahren bei ca.: FeMn are in the conventional method at ca .:
Teilt man bei der Erzeugung von Ferrolegierungen die Raffination zu niedrigsten C-gehalten in zwei Prozessstufen mit Konverter und Vakuumanlage (d. h. Entsilizierung und In the production of ferroalloys, the refining is divided into the lowest C-levels in two process stages with converter and vacuum system (ie desilication and
Hauptentkohlung im Konverter und Tiefentkohlung in der VOD- Anlage) wird die Zykluszeit der einzelnen Anlagenkomponenten deutlich verkürzt und tiefere Kohlenstoffgehalte können erreicht werden. Über diese Aufteilung der Prozessschritte verkürzt man die Main decarburization in the converter and deep decarburization in the VOD system), the cycle time of the individual system components is significantly reduced and lower carbon contents can be achieved. This division of the process steps shortens the
Behandlungszeit in den einzelnen Behandlungsstufen und erhöht damit die Produktion der Gesamtanlage. Der VODC Konverter (Vacuum Oxygen Decarburisation Converter) verbindet diese beiden Prozessschritte bereits in einem Aggregat. Der Prozess ist aus der Stahlerzeugung, insbesondere für die Produktion von Edelstahl und Spezialstähle, bekannt. Treatment time in the individual treatment stages, thereby increasing the production of the entire system. The VODC converter (Vacuum Oxygen Decarburisation Converter) already combines these two process steps in one unit. The process is known from steelmaking, especially for the production of stainless steel and special steels.
Vakuum-Konverter wurden u.a. bereits von GHH, Leybold Heraus, Daido und Demag gebaut. Vacuum converters were used i.a. already built by GHH, Leybold Out, Daido and Demag.
Bei einem VODC Konverter wird Sauerstoff über eine Toplanze in ein Konvertergefäß mit Bodenspülen (Ar oderN2) unter Vakuum in eine Stahlschmelze zur Raffination eingeblasen. Die dafür verwendeten Technologien und Anlagenkomponenten wurden im Laufe der Zeit wesentlich verbessert (Vakuum-Pumpen, Lanzeneinsatz unter Vakuum, Vakuum-Bunker, Abgasanalyse usw.). In a VODC converter, oxygen is injected via a top lance into a converter vessel with soil washes (Ar or N 2 ) under vacuum in a steel melt for refining. The technologies and plant components used have been significantly improved over time (vacuum pumps, vacuum lance insert, vacuum bunker, exhaust gas analysis, etc.).
Der Nachteil dieses Prozesses ist, dass der Entkohlungsprozess, wie bei der VOD- Anlage, nur über eine 02 Toplanze mit sehr niedrigen Blasraten bei niedriger The downside of this process is that the decarburization process, as in the VOD plant, is only low at a 0 2 top lance with very low blow rates
Durchmischungsenergie über den gesamten Prozessverlauf, nur sehr langsam fortschreitet. Mixing energy over the entire process, only very slowly progresses.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, das Herstellungsverfahren zu vereinfachen. The invention has for its object to simplify the manufacturing process.
Erfindungsgemäß wird der Prozess in 2 Prozessstufen in einem Aggregat gefahren. According to the invention, the process is run in 2 process stages in one unit.
Die erste Stufe umfasst die Entsilizierung und die Hauptentkohlung der Schmelze und wird auf Basis des AOD-Verfahrens unter atmosphärischen Bedingungen durchgeführt. In der Ensilizierungs.- und Hauptentkohlungsphase wird über eine Toplanze Sauerstoff und über die Unterbaddüsen Sauerstoff und CO2 in die Schmelze eingeblasen. The first stage involves the desilication and the main decarburization of the melt and is carried out on the basis of the AOD process under atmospheric conditions. In the ensilization and main decarburization phase, oxygen is injected via a top lance and oxygen and CO2 are injected into the melt via the underbath nozzles.
Als Unterbaddüsen werden insbesondere Ringspaltdüsen verwendet. As Unterbaddüsen particular annular gap nozzles are used.
Auf der Schutzgasseite der Ringspaltdüsen werden alternative Gase wie C02, CmH2m+2, Ar oder N2 zusätzlich zum Inertgas injiziert. Speziell das C02 bzw. die Carbonhydrate rufen beim Zusammentreffen mit den flüssigen Ferrolegierungen eine stark endotherme Reaktion hervor. Außerdem kann Inertgas mit Sauerstoff gemischt werden. Bei dieser Fahrweise werden Ansätze von erstarrtem Metall an der Düsenspitze kontrolliert abgebrannt. Auf der Prozessgasseite der Ringspaltdüse wird Sauerstoff mit Inertgas wie C02, Argon oder Stickstoff alternative gemischt. Die Verwendung der Gase C02oder CmH2m+2 auf der Prozess.- und Schutzgasseite hat zur Folge, dass der Kühlmittelbedarf während der Entsilizierung und der Entkohlung reduziert wird. In der zweiten Stufe, der Tiefentkohlungsphase, wird der Prozess im Konvertergefäß unter Vakuum gefahren. On the protective gas side of the annular gap nozzles, alternative gases such as C02, CmH2m + 2, Ar or N2 are injected in addition to the inert gas. In particular, the C02 and the carbohydrates cause a strong endothermic reaction when they meet with the liquid ferroalloys. In addition, inert gas can be mixed with oxygen. In this procedure, approaches of solidified metal at the nozzle tip are burned controlled. On the process gas side of the annular die, oxygen is mixed alternatively with inert gas such as CO 2, argon or nitrogen. The use of the gases C0 2 or CmH2m + 2 on the process and inert gas sides has the consequence that the coolant requirement during desilication and decarburization is reduced. In the second stage, the deep decarburization phase, the process in the converter vessel is run under vacuum.
Ein Vakuumdeckel wird über die Konvertermündung gefahren und mit Hilfe der Seitendüsen unter Vakuum gefrischt.  A vacuum cap is run over the converter mouth and with the help of side nozzles under vacuum.
Die Partialdruckabsenkung von CO erfolgt zu Einem über das Einblasen von Inertgas und parallel über eine Druckreduzierung im Gefäß. Auf der Schutzgasseite der Unterbaddüsen werden zusätzlich die Gase C02 oder CmH2m+2 The partial pressure reduction of CO takes place to one via the injection of inert gas and in parallel via a pressure reduction in the vessel. On the protective gas side of the submerged nozzles, the gases C0 2 or CmH2m + 2 are additionally added
injiziert, die wiederum eine endotherme Reaktion hervorrufen und bei der Anwendung von C02 die Boudouard Reaktion (Der Kohlenstoffgehalt der Schmelze liegt in dieser Phase noch deutlich über 1 %) nutzen. which in turn cause an endothermic reaction and in the application of C0 2 the Boudouard reaction (the carbon content of the melt is in this phase still well over 1%) use.
Als Boudouard-Gleichgewicht bezeichnet man das temperaturabhängige chemische Gleichgewicht zwischen Kohlenstoff, Kohlenstoffmonoxid und Kohlenstoffdioxid. Boudouard equilibrium is the temperature-dependent chemical equilibrium between carbon, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.
Auf der Prozess.- und Schutzgasseite der Ringspaltdüse kann Sauerstoff mit C02 gemischt werden. Die Verwendung dieser Gase hat auch in dieser Prozessphase zur Folge, dass der Kühlmittelbedarf reduziert werden kann. Oxygen can be mixed with C0 2 on the process and protective gas side of the annular gap nozzle. The use of these gases also has the consequence in this process phase that the coolant requirement can be reduced.
Nach Erreichen des Zielkohlenstoffgehalts wird die Schlacke mit Hilfe von konventionellen Reduktionmittel und Schlackenbildner reduziert. Bei dem neuen Prozess wird hierbei auch C02 verwendet. Das CO2 wird in der Schmelze mit dem Kohlenstoff (Boudouard Reaktion) zu CO reagieren. So erzeugtes CO unterstützt die Reduktion der Schlacke, was zu niedrigsten Chromoxid/ Manganoxid Gehalten in der Sclacke und damit zu höheren Ausbringungen der jeweils reduzierten Metalle führt. After reaching the target carbon content, the slag is reduced with the aid of conventional reducing agents and slag formers. The new process also uses C0 2 . The CO2 will react in the melt with the carbon (Boudouard reaction) to CO. Thus produced CO supports the reduction of the slag, which leads to lowest chromium oxide / manganese oxide contents in the slag and thus to higher outputs of the respective reduced metals.
Als Spülgas kann auch Inert Gas in Form von Ar oder N2 verwendet werden. Die Reduktion der Schlacke kann sowohl unter Vakuum als auch unter atmosphärischen Bedingungen stattfinden. Inert gas in the form of Ar or N 2 can also be used as purge gas. The reduction of slag can take place both under vacuum and under atmospheric conditions.
Der Vakuumkonverter ist mit einer Ventilstation ausgerüstet, die ein Mischen der zum Einsatz kommenden Prozess.- und Inertgase für die Toplanze und Unterbaddüsen erlaubt. Dabei werden insbesondere bei den Unterbaddüsen auf der Prozess.- und Schutzgasseite die Gase wie folgt gemischt The vacuum converter is equipped with a valve station that allows mixing of the process and inert gases used for the top lance and bottom bath nozzles. The gases are mixed as follows, especially in the case of the underbath nozzles on the process and inert gas sides
Die Bedingungen für das Frischen unter Vakuum im AOD Konverter bei gleichzeitigen Einblasen von großen Inertgasmengen zur Absenkung des Partialdrucks von CO sind deutlich günstiger als in einer VOD/ VODC-Anlage, weil der Reaktionsraum, die spezifische Blasraten und die Durchmischungsenergie das Reaktionspotenzial für die Entkohlung im Konvertergefäß deutlich vergrößern. Aus diesem Grund ist die Entkohlungsgeschwindigkeit im Vakuum Konverter deutlich größer, als in einer VOD.- oder VODC Anlage. The conditions for refining under vacuum in the AOD converter with simultaneous injection of large amounts of inert gas to lower the partial pressure of CO are significantly cheaper than in a VOD / VODC plant, because the reaction space, the specific blowing rates and the mixing energy of the reaction potential for decarburization in the Enlarge converter vessel significantly. For this reason, the decarburization rate in the vacuum converter is significantly greater than in a VOD or VODC system.
Der Feuerfest-Verbrauch einer konventionellen VOD/ VODC-Anlage ist Aufgrund längerer Behandlungszeiten deutlich größer als bei einem Vakuum Konverter. The refractory consumption of a conventional VOD / VODC system is significantly longer due to longer treatment times than with a vacuum converter.
Die Vorteile, die sich aus der erfindungsgemäßen Kombination ergeben, lassen sich wie Folgt zusammenfassen: The advantages that result from the combination according to the invention can be summarized as follows:
• Herstellung von Ferrolegierungen mit niedrigem C Gehalt  • Production of low C ferroalloys
9 reduzierter Argon Verbrauch  9 reduced argon consumption
β minimale Verdünnung mit Inertgas  β minimal dilution with inert gas
© verbesserte Entkohlungsgeschwindigkeit  © improved decarburization rate
• weniger Kühlmaterial  • less cooling material
• verbesserte Produktvielfalt  • improved product variety
s hohe Produktionsflexibilität  s high production flexibility
• kürzere Zyklen  • shorter cycles
» höhere Produktionskapazität  »Higher production capacity
• geringere Wärmeverluste  • lower heat losses
® verringerte Investitionskosten verringerte Verfahrenskosten ® reduced investment costs reduced process costs
reduzierter Verbrauch von Feuerfestmaterial, Reduktionsmittel reduzierter Anzahl an operativem Personal reduced consumption of refractory, reducing agent reduced number of operational personnel
erhöhte Ausbringung increased output

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Ferrolegierungen, insbesondere von FeCr und FeMn Legierungen mit niedrigem Kohlenstoffgehalt in einem Vakuum - Konverter, 1. A process for producing ferroalloys, in particular FeCr and FeMn alloys with low carbon content in a vacuum converter,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass in dem Vakuum -Konverter in der erste Stufen die Entsilizierung und die that in the vacuum converter in the first stages the desilication and the
Hauptentkohlung der Schmelze auf Basis des Konverter -Verfahrens unter atmosphärischen Bedingungen durchgeführt wird, wobei über eine Toplanze Sauerstoff und über Main decarburization of the melt is carried out on the basis of the converter method under atmospheric conditions, using a top lance oxygen and over
Unterbaddüsen, insbesondere Ringspaltdüsen, Sauerstoff und C02 in die Schmelze eingeblasen werden, Submerged nozzles, in particular annular gap nozzles, oxygen and C0 2 are blown into the melt,
und and
dass anschließend im selben Konverter in einer zweiten Stufe that subsequently in the same converter in a second stage
die Tiefentkohlungsphase unter Vakuum durchgeführt wird, wobei the deep decarburization phase is carried out under vacuum, wherein
auf der Schutzgasseite der Unterbaddüsen zusätzlich C02 oder CmH2m+2 injiziert werden. C0 2 or CmH2m + 2 should also be injected on the protective gas side of the lower bath jets.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , 2. The method according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass in der ersten Stufe auf der Schutzgasseite der Ringspaltdüsen C02, CmH2m+2, Ar oder N2 zusätzlich zum Inertgas injiziert werden. that in the first stage on the protective gas side of the annular gap nozzles C02, CmH2m + 2, Ar or N2 are injected in addition to the inert gas.
3. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, 3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass auf der Prozessgasseite der Ringspaltdüse Sauerstoff mit Inertgas wie C02, Argon oder Stickstoff injiziert wird. that oxygen is injected with inert gas such as C0 2 , argon or nitrogen on the process gas side of the annular gap nozzle.
4. Anlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3, gekennzeichnet durch die Verwendung eines Konverters mit Unterbaddüsen, 4. Plant for carrying out the method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized by the use of a converter with Unterbaddüsen,
und eine oberhalb des Konverters angeordnete, relativ zu diesem quer verschiebbare und auf diesen aufsetzbare, Konverter sowie VOD Haube. and a converter arranged above the converter, relative to this transversely displaceable and can be placed on this converter and VOD hood.
5. Anlage nach Anspruch 4, 5. Plant according to claim 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, characterized,
dass die Unterbaddüsen als Ringspaltdüsen ausgebildet sind. the underbath nozzles are designed as annular gap nozzles.
EP14724289.5A 2013-04-15 2014-03-25 Method for the production of ferro-alloys with low carbon content in a vacuum converter Active EP2986743B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013006986 2013-04-15
DE201310014856 DE102013014856A1 (en) 2013-04-15 2013-09-02 Process and plant for the production of low carbon ferroalloys in a vacuum converter
PCT/DE2014/000164 WO2014169888A1 (en) 2013-04-15 2014-03-25 Method and plant for the production of ferro-alloys with low carbon content in a vacuum converter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2986743A1 true EP2986743A1 (en) 2016-02-24
EP2986743B1 EP2986743B1 (en) 2017-02-01

Family

ID=51618168

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14724289.5A Active EP2986743B1 (en) 2013-04-15 2014-03-25 Method for the production of ferro-alloys with low carbon content in a vacuum converter

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2986743B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102013014856A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2014169888A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111424136A (en) * 2019-01-10 2020-07-17 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 RH flexible self-compensation sealing channel and flexible compensation method thereof
DE102021214220A1 (en) 2021-03-08 2022-09-08 Sms Group Gmbh Method of making a low carbon ferroalloy
DE102021214218A1 (en) 2021-03-08 2022-09-08 Sms Group Gmbh Method of making a low carbon ferroalloy
EP4056721A1 (en) 2021-03-08 2022-09-14 SMS Group GmbH Method for producing a ferrous alloy with low carbon content
EP4056720A1 (en) 2021-03-08 2022-09-14 SMS Group GmbH Method for producing a ferrous alloy with low carbon content

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2123212A1 (en) * 1971-01-29 1972-09-08 Creusot Loire Refinement and alloying of steel - in one furnace as one sequence of operations esp for stainless steel
DE4401244C2 (en) * 1994-01-18 2002-11-07 Ald Vacuum Techn Ag Process for decarburizing molten steel
JP3531218B2 (en) * 1994-06-20 2004-05-24 大同特殊鋼株式会社 Method for producing low carbon chromium-containing steel
TW564262B (en) * 2001-09-20 2003-12-01 Nippon Steel Corp A method and apparatus for refining Cr containing melt

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Title
See references of WO2014169888A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102013014856A1 (en) 2014-10-16
EP2986743B1 (en) 2017-02-01
WO2014169888A1 (en) 2014-10-23

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