EP2979567B1 - Shoe having mobile cleats - Google Patents
Shoe having mobile cleats Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2979567B1 EP2979567B1 EP13880681.5A EP13880681A EP2979567B1 EP 2979567 B1 EP2979567 B1 EP 2979567B1 EP 13880681 A EP13880681 A EP 13880681A EP 2979567 B1 EP2979567 B1 EP 2979567B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- band
- region
- shaped portion
- shaped
- rear foot
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000002683 foot Anatomy 0.000 description 42
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 210000004744 fore-foot Anatomy 0.000 description 15
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000000452 mid-foot Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000458 cuboid bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000460 cuneiform bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000881 depressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001872 metatarsal bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000450 navicular bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004233 talus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
- A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
- A43B13/22—Soles made slip-preventing or wear-resisting, e.g. by impregnation or spreading a wear-resisting layer
- A43B13/223—Profiled soles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
- A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
- A43B13/141—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form with a part of the sole being flexible, e.g. permitting articulation or torsion
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
- A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
- A43B5/02—Football boots or shoes, i.e. for soccer, football or rugby
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43C—FASTENINGS OR ATTACHMENTS OF FOOTWEAR; LACES IN GENERAL
- A43C15/00—Non-skid devices or attachments
- A43C15/02—Non-skid devices or attachments attached to the sole
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A43—FOOTWEAR
- A43C—FASTENINGS OR ATTACHMENTS OF FOOTWEAR; LACES IN GENERAL
- A43C15/00—Non-skid devices or attachments
- A43C15/16—Studs or cleats for football or like boots
- A43C15/168—Studs or cleats for football or like boots with resilient means, e.g. shock absorbing means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a shoe with movable cleats, and more particularly to a shoe for a field sport such as soccer, rugby and American football.
- a field sport such as rugby and soccer involves kicking actions as well as running actions, and shoes therefor need to have various functions.
- the pivot foot (the non-kicking foot) is under a force in the horizontal direction that is about three times larger than that during running actions. Therefore, there is a demand for stability. This characteristic is sought for particularly in the heel portion.
- a shoe includes:
- the second cleat C2 of the second region ⁇ 2 first contacts the ground. Then, although the 1st strike acts upon the second cleat C2, the band-shaped portion deforms, thereby converting part of the 1st strike energy to the deformation energy. This will reduce the energy of impact acting upon the foot, thereby increasing the shock-absorbing property.
- the band-shaped portion 2 when a bending moment acts around an axis extending along the longitudinal direction of a band-shaped portion 2 that satisfies the element a) and/or the element b), the band-shaped portion 2 has a small rigidity against the bending moment, i.e., a small bending rigidity. Therefore, the band-shaped portion 2 exhibits a bending deformation (flexes), whereby the second region ⁇ 2 deforms with respect to the first region ⁇ 1, and the second cleat C2 is displaced significantly toward the lateral side with respect to the first cleat C1.
- second cleat C2 of the lateral side La of the rearfoot portion 1R often contacts the ground surface at an oblique angle. Then, as the second cleat C2 is displaced together with the second region ⁇ 2, the second cleat C2 is likely to be vertical to the ground surface, thereby improving the stability while running.
- the second cleat C2 of the rearfoot portion 1R is under a significant load toward the lateral side in the horizontal direction.
- a bending stress acts on the band-shaped portion 2 via the second region ⁇ 2 from the second cleat C2, which flexes the band-shaped portion 2 in the foot width direction, thereby moving the second cleat C2 toward the lateral side of the foot, together with the second region ⁇ 2, with respect to the first region ⁇ 1.
- the distance between the cleats C1, C2 increases, and the support of the pivot foot is likely to become stable.
- flex (flexion) means that the bending stress is produced about an axis extending along the longitudinal direction of the band-shaped portion 2, thereby bending the band-shaped portion.
- the band-shaped portion 2 extends from a first end portion E1 of the rear edge portion RE of the rear foot portion 1R toward a second end portion E2 on the lateral side La of the rear foot portion 1R; the first region ⁇ 1 and the second region ⁇ 2 are continuous with each other via the hard material and/or a first high-rigidity portion thicker than the band-shaped portion 2 in the rear edge portion RE of the outer sole 2 which is posterior R to the first end portion E1; and the first region ⁇ 1 and the second region ⁇ 2 are continuous with each other via the hard material and/or a second high-rigidity portion thicker than the band-shaped portion 2 in the lateral edge portion LE of the outer sole 1 which is on the lateral side La more lateral than the second end portion E2.
- the first region ⁇ 1 and the second region ⁇ 2 are continuous with each other in the rear edge portion RE and the lateral edge portion LE via a hard material and/or a high-rigidity portion.
- the first region ⁇ 1 and the second region ⁇ 2 of the outsole 1 are supported by each other at the opposite ends of the rear edge portion RE and the lateral edge portion LE which are hard and/or high-rigidity.
- the band-shaped portion 2 is formed by a soft material or the band-shaped portion 2 is thin and has a low rigidity, the durability of the outsole 1 will unlikely lower.
- the band-shaped portion 2 extends from a first end portion E1 of the rear edge portion RE of the rear foot portion 1R toward a second end portion E2 on the lateral side La of the rear foot portion 1R;
- the outer sole 1 has a first roll-up portion 11 rolled up upwardly in the rear edge portion RE of the rear foot portion 1R;
- the outer sole 1 has a second roll-up portion 12 rolled up upwardly in the lateral edge portion LE of the rear foot portion 1R;
- the first region ⁇ 1 and the second region ⁇ 2 are continuous with each other via the hard material and/or a first high-rigidity portion thicker than the band-shaped portion 2 in the first roll-up portion 11 above the first end portion E1;
- the first region ⁇ 1 and the second region ⁇ 2 are continuous with each other via the hard material and/or a second high-rigidity portion thicker than the band-shaped portion 2 in the second roll-up portion 12 above the second end portion E2.
- the first roll-up portion 11 and the second roll-up portion 12 are formed in the rearfoot portion 1R, and the band-shaped portion 2 can be made so long as to reach the rear end of the foot and the lateral edge of the foot. Therefore, the band-shaped portion 2 flexes more easily, and the shock-absorbing property and the stability will be further increased.
- the band-shaped portion 2 is divided in three equal parts in a longitudinal direction thereof, at least one of an average value of a width D1 of a first portion 21 closer to the first end portion E1 and an average value of a width D2 of a second portion 22 closer to the second end portion E2 is greater than an average value of a width D3 of a third portion 23 including the middle region RM.
- an average value of a width D1 of the band-shaped portion 2 spanning from the portion of the middle region RM of the rear foot portion 1R to the first end portion E1 is greater than an average value of a width D2 of the band-shaped portion 2 spanning from the portion of the middle region RM of the rear foot portion 1R to the second end portion E2.
- the second cleat C2 of the second region ⁇ 2 of the rearfoot exerts the function described above by being displaced toward the lateral side La. Therefore, the band-shaped portion 2 needs to flex in the width direction of the foot.
- the width D1 of the band-shaped portion 2 extending from a portion of the middle region RM of the rearfoot portion 1R to the first end portion E1 is large, the amount of flexion also increases. Therefore, the shock-absorbing property and the stability will further increase.
- an average thickness of the band-shaped portion 2 is less than an average thickness of portions of the first and second regions ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2 in the vicinity of the band-shaped portion 2.
- the band-shaped portion 2 is thin, and the bending rigidity bf the band-shaped portion 2 is therefore small, thus making it even easier for the band-shaped portion 2 to flex.
- the band-shaped portion 2 defines a groove G extending along the band-shaped portion 2.
- the band-shaped portion 2 is depressed at the groove G in a cross section of the band-shaped portion 2.
- This depressed portion deforms due to a bending stress when a bending moment is applied in the transverse direction across the band-shaped portion 2. That is, stress concentration occurs at the depressed portion, and the bending deformation due to a bending stress occurs easily. Therefore, it is easy for the second cleat C2 of the second region ⁇ 2 to be three-dimensionally displaced with respect to the first cleat C1 of the first region ⁇ 1.
- the band-shaped portion 2 has a thick portion 20 extending along and on both sides of the groove G, and a thickness of the band-shaped portion 2 in the groove G is less than a thickness of the thick portion 20.
- the groove G is not formed with the thick portion 20 being continuous with each other in the first and second end portions E1, E2, and the groove G is formed between the first end portion E1 and the second end portion E2.
- a shoe in another aspect of the present invention, includes:
- the rigidity of the band-shaped portion 2 is small, and a bending deformation is likely to occur in the band-shaped portion 2 due to a bending moment about the axis of the band-shaped portion 2. Therefore, the stability and the shock-absorbing property will improve in portions where the second cleats C2 are provided.
- both of the elements c) and d) are satisfied.
- groove G may partially run through a soft resin portion 32 as long as it will not excessively lower the strength when a bending moment is applied in the transverse direction across the band-shaped portion 2.
- the band-shaped portion 2 is depressed at the groove G in a cross section of the band-shaped portion 2.
- This depressed portion deforms due to a bending stress when a bending moment is applied in the transverse direction across the band-shaped portion 2. That is, stress concentration occurs at the depressed portion, and the bending deformation due to a bending stress occurs easily. Therefore, it is easy for the second cleat C2 of the second region ⁇ 2 to be three-dimensionally displaced with respect to the first cleat C1 of the first region ⁇ 1.
- part of the energy from the load on the second cleat C2 is converted to a deformation energy, thereby reducing the impact energy acting upon the foot and improving the shock-absorbing property.
- the second cleat C2 is likely to contact the ground in the vertical direction to the ground surface, and after second cleat C2 contacts the ground, the sole deformation speed decreases, thereby preventing excessive deformation of the foot and improving the stability.
- the band-shaped portion 2 has a thick portion 20 extending along and on both sides of the groove G, and a thickness of the band-shaped portion 2 in the groove G is less than a thickness of the thick portion 20.
- the band-shaped portion 2 has one end portion E1-E3 and another end portion E1-E3, and the end portions E1-E3 each face one of edge portions RE, LE, ME, TE of the outer sole 1; and the groove G is not formed with the thick portion 20 being continuous with each other in the end portions E1-E3, and the groove G is formed between the one end portion E1-E3 and the other end portion E1-E3.
- Embodiment 1 of the present invention will now be described.
- FIG. 1 to FIG. 8C show Embodiment 1.
- the present shoe for a field sport includes an outsole 1, and an upper 100 denoted by a two-dot chain line.
- the outsole 1 is formed by a non-foamed material having a resin component. That is, the outsole 1 includes a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin component, and any other suitable component.
- the thermoplastic resin component may be, for example, a thermoplastic elastomer or a thermoplastic resin. Such resin components may each be used alone, or two or more of them may be used in combination. Note that a reinforcing material such as a fiber may be used.
- the outsole 1 includes a plurality of first and second cleats C1, C2 projecting from a bottom surface 10 of a plate-shaped base 13, and a rib 14 arranged in the midfoot portion 1M, the rib 14 being integral with the cleats C1, C2.
- the base 13 includes the first region ⁇ 1, the second regions ⁇ 2, and the band-shaped portions 2.
- a plurality of first cleats C1, of the plurality of cleats C1, C2, are arranged in the first region ⁇ 1, whereas one second cleat C2, of the plurality of cleats C1, C2, is arranged in each second region ⁇ 2.
- the band-shaped portions 2 each have a strip shape and are arranged between the first region ⁇ 1 and the second regions ⁇ 2, allowing and facilitating the deformation of the second regions ⁇ 2 with respect to the first region ⁇ 1.
- the Young's modulus of the soft material forming the band-shaped portions 2 is smaller than the Young's modulus of the hard material forming the first and second regions ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2.
- the average value of thickness of the band-shaped portions 2 is smaller than the average value of thickness of portions in the vicinity of the band-shaped portion 2 in the first and second regions ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, as shown in FIG. 6B to FIG. 6D and FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C .
- the band-shaped portions 2 are provided in the forefoot portion 1F and the rearfoot portion 1R. Therefore, the second regions ⁇ 2 are provided in the forefoot portion 1F and the rearfoot portion 1R.
- the first region ⁇ 1 is provided centered around the midfoot portion 1M so as to extend from the medial side Me of the rearfoot portion 1R toward the rear end of the forefoot portion 1F.
- the forefoot portion 1F, the middle foot portion 1M and the rearfoot portion 1R refer to portions that cover the forefoot section, the middle foot section and the rearfoot section of the foot, respectively.
- the forefoot section includes five metatarsal bones, and fourteen phalanges.
- the middl foot section includes a navicular bone, a cuboid bone, and three cuneiform bones.
- the rearfoot section includes a talus bone and a calcaneal bone.
- the band-shaped portion 2 extends from a part of the middle region RM of the rearfoot portion 1R toward the rear edge portion RE of the rearfoot portion 1R, and extends from a part of the middle region RM of the rearfoot portion 1R toward the lateral edge portion LE of the lateral side La of the rearfoot portion 1R.
- the first region ⁇ 1 includes the medial side Me of the rearfoot portion 1R and the midfoot portion 1M of the outsole 1
- the second region ⁇ 2 forms the lateral side La of the rearfoot portion 1R of the outsole 1.
- the middle region RM of the rearfoot portion 1R does not mean it is at the center, but means that it is a portion in the middle between the front portion and the rear portion of the rearfoot portion 1R that is between the medial side Me and the lateral side La of the rearfoot portion 1R; theoretically, it refers to a virtual 1/9 area of the rearfoot portion 1R that is denoted by a two-dot chain line.
- a part of the middle region RM of the rearfoot portion 1R and a part of the band-shaped portion 2 overlap with each other.
- the outsole 1 includes the first roll-up portion 11 rolled up in the upward direction Z.
- the outsole 1 of FIG. 1 includes the second roll-up portion 12 rolled up in the upward direction Z.
- the band-shaped portion 2 of FIG. 3 extends from the first end portion E1 at the rear edge portion RE of the rearfoot portion 1R toward the second end portion E2 at the lateral side La of the rearfoot portion 1R.
- the first region ⁇ 1 and the second region ⁇ 2 are continuous with each other via a high-rigidity portion ( RE ) of the hard material that is thicker than the band-shaped portion 2 in the first roll-up portion 11 above the first end portion E1.
- the first region ⁇ 1 arid the second region ⁇ 2 are also continuous with each other via a high-rigidity portion ( LE ) of the hard material that is thicker than the band-shaped portion 2 in the second roll-up portion 12 above the second end portion E2.
- a hard resin portion 31 and the soft resin portion 32 are laid and attached (bonded or welded) together around the band-shaped portion 2 as shown in FIG. 6B to FIG. 6E (and FIG. 8A to FIG. 8C ). That is, the hard resin portion 31, which is the main material forming the first and second regions ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2 ( FIG. 3 ), is provided with a through hole H, and the through hole H is filled up with the soft resin portion 32.
- the soft resin portion 32 is formed, by insert molding, in the hard resin portion 31.
- the hard resin portion 31 has a greater Young's modulus and a greater ASTM D2240B hardness than the soft resin portion 32.
- the lateral edge portion LE and the rear edge portion RE of FIG. 3 are formed by the hard resin portion 31 as shown in FIG. 6A , and have a larger average value of thickness than the band-shaped portion 2.
- each cleat C2 of the second region ⁇ 2 of FIG. 1 may be formed by a soft resin having a smaller hardness than the hard resin portion 31.
- the soft resin portion 32 is dotted.
- the band-shaped portion 2 is a portion of the dotted region that is delimited by a solid line in FIG. 3 and FIG. 7 .
- the hard resin portion 31 and the soft resin portion 32 of FIG. 6B to FIG. 6E are laid and attached together around he band-shaped portion 2. Therefore, the hard resin portion 31 and the soft resin portion 32 are laid on each other in the vicinity of the band-shaped portion 2.
- the average thickness of the band-shaped portion 2 is smaller than the average thickness of portions of the first and second regions ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2 ( FIG. 3 ) in the vicinity of the band-shaped portion 2.
- the band-shaped portion 2 is provided with a groove G extending along the band-shaped portion 2, further reducing the average thickness of the band-shaped portion 2.
- the band-shaped portion 2 of FIG. 3 has thick portions 20 extending along both sides of the groove G.
- the thickness of the band-shaped portion 2 in the groove G is smaller than the thickness of the thick portion 20.
- the groove G is absent as shown in FIG. 6E and FIG. 6B , and the thick portions 20 are continuous with each other as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 3 .
- the groove G is formed between the first end portion E1 and the second end portion E2.
- the thick portion 20 is formed by a bank-shaped and loop-shaped ridge.
- the thick portion 20 is thinner than the hard resin portion 31 of the first region ⁇ 1 and the second region ⁇ 2, thereby forming a stepped groove with two steps, as shown in FIG. 6C and FIG. 6D in the present embodiment.
- the band-shaped portion 2 of FIG. 3 is divided in three equal parts along the longitudinal direction thereof, it is preferred that at least one of the average value of the width D1 of the first portion 21 close to the first end portion E1 and the average value of the width D2 of the second portion 22 close to the second end portion E2 is greater than the average value of the width D3 of the third portion 23 including the middle region RM therein.
- the average value of the width D1 is greater than the average value of the width D3.
- the average value of the width D1 of a portion of the band-shaped portion 2 extending from the middle region RM of the rearfoot portion 1R to the first end portion E1 is greater than the average value of the width D2 of a portion of the band-shaped portion 2 extending from the middle region RM of the rearfoot portion 1R to the second end portion E2.
- the band-shaped portion 2 is provided so as to reach the lateral edge portion LE, the medial edge portion ME and the toe edge portion TE.
- the second regions ⁇ 2 are separated from one another by the band-shaped portion 2.
- the band-shaped portion 2 includes one end portion E3 and another end portion E3, with each end portion E3 facing the toe edge portion TE, the lateral edge portion LE or the medial edge portion ME of the outsole 1.
- the groove G is absent with the thick portions 20 being continuous with each other, and the groove G is formed between the one end portion E3 and the other end portion E3.
- an end portion facing an edge portion encompasses cases where the end portion of the band-shaped portion 2 of FIG. 7 arranged so as to extend to an end of the outsole 1, and cases where the end portion of the band-shaped portion 2 of FIG. 3 extends to the vicinity of an end of the outsole 1 but does not reach the end of the outsole 1.
- a cleat contacts the ground in point contact upon landing.
- the second cleat C2 of FIG. 9B is movable as indicated by an arrow, and therefore contacts the ground in surface contact, which is expected to improve the stability.
- FIG. 10 to FIG. 11E show Embodiment 2.
- the groove G is absent in the band-shaped portion 2 in this example.
- the thickness of the soft resin portion 32 forming the band-shaped portion 2 is smaller than the thickness of the hard resin portion 31.
- test examples test ex.
- a comparative example comparative example
- Test Example 1 A shoe having the groove G as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 8 was prepared as Test Example 1.
- Test Examples 2 and 3 Shoes with no groove G as shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 were prepared as Test Examples 2 and 3.
- the ASTM D hardness of the hard resin portion 31 was set to 69°.
- the D hardness of the soft resin portion 32 was set to 64° for Test Examples 1 and 2, and 59° for Test example 3.
- Test Example 4 A shoe was prepared as Test Example 4, with the structure of FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , in which the soft resin portion 32 was not used for the band-shaped portion 2, but the hard resin portion 31 was used entirely.
- Comparative Example A shoe with no band-shaped portion 2 was prepared as Comparative Example.
- the amount of change ⁇ in the angle of the foot with respect to the lower leg in the supination-pronation direction was measured, and the peak value upon 1st strike was calculated.
- the value along the vertical axis of FIG. 12A represents the peak value of the amount of change ⁇ .
- the loading rate which is commonly calculated as Fz/ ⁇ t, was used as the index of the shock-absorbing property. That is, the value Fz/ ⁇ t is calculated by dividing the peak value Fz of the reaction force in the vertical direction from the ground by the amount of time ⁇ t from the start of contacting the ground to the peak, and the results are shown in FIG. 12B .
- Test Examples 1 to 4 all have a smaller loading rate than that of Comparative Example 1. This indicates that the shock-absorbing property is improved significantly by providing the band-shaped portion 2 of which the Young's modulus is small or the thickness is small.
- Test Examples 1 to 3 have a small absolute value of the amount of change ⁇ than that of Comparative Example 1, indicating that the stability is also improved if the band-shaped portion 2 is formed by the soft resin portion 32.
- Test Example 1 of which the D hardness is 64° and which has a groove G and Test Example 3 of which the D hardness of the soft resin portion 32 is 59° indicates that the stability is more improved by lowering the hardness of the soft resin portion 32 than by providing a groove G. This indicates that even if the band-shaped portion 2 has the same hardness as the first region ⁇ 1 and the second region ⁇ 2, the stability is improved by setting the overall hardness of the outsole 1 to be smaller than the hardness of Test Example 4.
- the hardness is preferably 59° to 67°, and more preferably about 61° to 65°, in terms of the D hardness.
- the hardness of the soft resin portion 32 is preferably about 59° to 67° in terms of the D hardness, when the band-shaped portion 2 is formed by the soft resin portion 32. It is estimated that the difference between the hardness of the hard resin portion 31 and the hardness of the soft resin portion 32 is preferably about 2° to 10° in terms of the D hardness.
- the band-shaped portion 2 and the groove G may have any of various cross-sectional shapes. Specifically, the depth and the surface area, etc., of the groove G may be determined appropriately as long as it does not hinder the deformation when a bending moment is applied in a transverse direction across the band-shaped portion 2. One or more groove G may be provided in one band-shaped portion 2 as long as it does not hinder the deformation when a bending moment is applied in a transverse direction across the band-shaped portion 2.
- any of various arrangements may be employed for the arrangement of the band-shaped portion 2, the first region ⁇ 1 and the second region ⁇ 2, as shown in FIG. 14A to FIG. 14H .
- the depressed portion of the band-shaped portion 2 may be provided on the upper surface of the outsole 1, rather than on the bottom surface thereof.
- the groove G of FIG. 6C, FIG. 6D , FIG. 8B and FIG. 8C may be provided on the upper surface, rather than on the bottom surface.
- the groove G may be filled with a material having a smaller hardness (softer) than that of the soft resin portion 32 forming the band-shaped portion 2.
- a midsole may be provided on the outsole 1.
- the present invention is applicable to an outsole of a shoe for a field sport such as soccer, rugby and American football.
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Description
- The present invention relates to a shoe with movable cleats, and more particularly to a shoe for a field sport such as soccer, rugby and American football.
- A field sport such as rugby and soccer involves kicking actions as well as running actions, and shoes therefor need to have various functions. For example, during kicking actions which are frequently done in field sports, the pivot foot (the non-kicking foot) is under a force in the horizontal direction that is about three times larger than that during running actions. Therefore, there is a demand for stability. This characteristic is sought for particularly in the heel portion.
- During running actions in field sports mentioned above, loads act upon various parts of the foot. Particularly, if the lateral side of the rearfoot portion first contacts the ground, an impact load referred to as the "1st strike" acts upon the lateral side of the rearfoot portion. Therefore, shoes for field sports need to have a shock-absorbing property in addition to stability mentioned above.
- In order to improve the stability and the shock-absorbing property, it is important to adequately deform the sole upon landing. Many of shoes for field sports have a high-rigidity outsole with protruding/depressing structures referred to as "cleats". Therefore, the amount of deformation of the sole upon landing is small, and the stability and the shock-absorbing property are generally poor.
- Some examplery background art can be found in
US 5,384,973 A ,GB 2 425 706 AUS 8,356,428 B2 andWO 201/149581 A1 - However, special designs are needed to increase the amount of deformation of the sole upon landing for a high-rigidity outsole with cleats. The stability and the shock-absorbing property are sought for particularly in the heel portion, and it is important to control the sole deformation in the heel portion. However, no shoes have yet been developed with cleats that are designed with sufficient attention to both the stability and the shock-absorbing property needed for the heel portion during running actions and kicking actions. Moreover, even though the deformation of the sole in the heel portion particularly influences the stability and the shock-absorbing property, the rearfoot portion has not drawn attention, although there are some shoes that have been made with attention to the forefoot portion.
- It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a shoe with movable cleats having an enhanced stability and shock-absorbing property particularly in the heel portion of the landing foot during a running action or the pivot foot during a kicking action, or the like. This object is achieved with the shoe as recited in
independent claim 1. - In one aspect of the present invention, a shoe includes:
- a plurality of cleats C1, C2 projecting from a
bottom surface 10 of anouter sole 1 formed by a material having a resin component; - a first region α1 where at least one first cleat C1 of the plurality of cleats C1, C2 is arranged;
- a second region α2 where at least one second cleat C2 of the plurality of cleats C1, C2 is arranged; and
- a band-
shaped portion 2 having a band shape which is arranged between the first region α1 and the second region α2 so as to allow the second region α2 to be displaced with respect to the first region α1, wherein:- the band-
shaped portion 2 extends from a portion of a middle region RM of arear foot portion 1R toward a rear edge portion RE of therear foot portion 1R and extends from the portion of the middle region RM of therear foot portion 1R toward a lateral edge portion LE on a lateral side La of therear foot portion 1R so that the first region α1 includes a medial side Me of therear foot portion 1R of theouter sole 1 and amiddle foot portion 1M, and the second region α2 forms the lateral side La of therear foot portion 1R of theouter sole 1; and - one or both of the following elements a) and b) is satisfied:
- a) a Young's modulus of a soft material forming the band-
shaped portion 2 is less than a Young's modulus of a hard material forming the first and second regions α1, α2; and - b) an average value of a thickness of the band-
shaped portion 2 is less than an average value of a thickness of portions of the first and second regions α1, α2 in the vicinity of the band-shaped 2, and the band-shaped portion 2 extends from a first end portion E1 at the rear edge portion RE of therear foot portion 1R toward a second end portion E2 at the lateral side La of therear foot portion 1R; the first region al and the second region a2 are continuous with each other via the hard material and/or a first high-rigidity portion thicker than the band-shaped portion 2 in the rear edge portion RE of theouter sole 2 which is posterior R to the first end portion E1; and the first region al and the second region a2 are continuous with each other via the hard material and/or a second high-rigidity portion thicker than the band-shaped portion 2 in the lateral edge portion LE of theouter sole 1 which is on the lateral side La more lateral than the second end portion E2.
- a) a Young's modulus of a soft material forming the band-
- the band-
- In this aspect, when the lateral side La of the
rearfoot portion 1R lands while running, the second cleat C2 of the second region α2 first contacts the ground. Then, although the 1st strike acts upon the second cleat C2, the band-shaped portion deforms, thereby converting part of the 1st strike energy to the deformation energy. This will reduce the energy of impact acting upon the foot, thereby increasing the shock-absorbing property. - That is, when a bending moment acts around an axis extending along the longitudinal direction of a band-
shaped portion 2 that satisfies the element a) and/or the element b), the band-shaped portion 2 has a small rigidity against the bending moment, i.e., a small bending rigidity. Therefore, the band-shaped portion 2 exhibits a bending deformation (flexes), whereby the second region α2 deforms with respect to the first region α1, and the second cleat C2 is displaced significantly toward the lateral side with respect to the first cleat C1. - Upon 1st strike landing, second cleat C2 of the lateral side La of the
rearfoot portion 1R often contacts the ground surface at an oblique angle. Then, as the second cleat C2 is displaced together with the second region α2, the second cleat C2 is likely to be vertical to the ground surface, thereby improving the stability while running. - On the other hand, on the pivot foot during a kicking action, the second cleat C2 of the
rearfoot portion 1R is under a significant load toward the lateral side in the horizontal direction. Upon landing of this pivot foot, a bending stress acts on the band-shaped portion 2 via the second region α2 from the second cleat C2, which flexes the band-shaped portion 2 in the foot width direction, thereby moving the second cleat C2 toward the lateral side of the foot, together with the second region α2, with respect to the first region α1. Thus, the distance between the cleats C1, C2 increases, and the support of the pivot foot is likely to become stable. Moreover, it takes time after the second cleat C2 starts contacting the ground before the first cleat C1 starts contacting the ground. Therefore, the sole deformation speed is small, which prevents excessive deformation of the foot, thereby improving the stability. - Herein, "flex (flexion)" means that the bending stress is produced about an axis extending along the longitudinal direction of the band-
shaped portion 2, thereby bending the band-shaped portion. -
-
FIG. 1 is a lateral side view showing a shoe for the right foot for football according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. -
FIG. 2 is a bottom view showing a shoe sole of the same shoe. -
FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view showing a rearfoot portion of the same shoe sole as seen from a lateral-posterior diagonal direction. -
FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view showing a rearfoot portion of the same shoe sole as seen from a lateral-posterior diagonal direction. -
FIG. 5 is a back view showing the same shoe sole as seen from the rear side. -
FIG. 6A, FIG. 6B, FIG. 6C, FIG. 6D and FIG. 6E are enlarged cross-sectional views taken along lines A-A, B-B, C-C, D-D and E-E, respectively, ofFIG. 3 . -
FIG. 7 is an enlarged perspective view showing a forefoot portion of the same shoe sole as seen from a medial-anterior diagonal direction. -
FIG. 8A, FIG. 8B and FIG. 8C are enlarged cross-sectional views taken along lines A-A, B-B and C-C, respectively, ofFIG. 7 . -
FIG. 9A is a back view showing a shoe not included in the present invention, andFIG. 9B, FIG. 9C and FIG. 9D are back views showing the mechanism by which cleats are movable according to the present invention. -
FIG. 10 is an enlarged perspective view showing a rearfoot portion of a shoe sole according toEmbodiment 2 as seen from a lateral-posterior diagonal direction. -
FIG. 11A, FIG. 11B, FIG. 11C, FIG. 11D and FIG. 11E are enlarged cross-sectional views taken along lines A-A, B-B, C-C, D-D and E-E, respectively, ofFIG. 10 . -
FIG. 12A is a bar graph showing results of a stability test, andFIG. 12B is a bar graph showing results of a shock-absorbing property test. -
FIG. 13A, FIG. 13B, FIG. 13C, FIG. 13D, FIG. 13E and FIG. 13F are cross-sectional views each showing an alternative example of a band-shaped portion. -
FIG. 14A, FIG. 14B, FIG. 14C, FIG. 14D, FIG. 14E, FIG. 14F, FIG. 14G and FIG. 14H are plan views each showing an alternative example of the arrangement of a band-shaped portion. - Preferably, the band-shaped
portion 2 extends from a first end portion E1 of the rear edge portion RE of therear foot portion 1R toward a second end portion E2 on the lateral side La of therear foot portion 1R;
the first region α1 and the second region α2 are continuous with each other via the hard material and/or a first high-rigidity portion thicker than the band-shapedportion 2 in the rear edge portion RE of the outer sole 2 which is posterior R to the first end portion E1; and
the first region α1 and the second region α2 are continuous with each other via the hard material and/or a second high-rigidity portion thicker than the band-shapedportion 2 in the lateral edge portion LE of the outer sole 1 which is on the lateral side La more lateral than the second end portion E2. - In this case, the first region α1 and the second region α2 are continuous with each other in the rear edge portion RE and the lateral edge portion LE via a hard material and/or a high-rigidity portion. Against a large load acting upon the
rearfoot portion 1R, the first region α1 and the second region α2 of theoutsole 1 are supported by each other at the opposite ends of the rear edge portion RE and the lateral edge portion LE which are hard and/or high-rigidity. - Therefore, even though the band-shaped
portion 2 is formed by a soft material or the band-shapedportion 2 is thin and has a low rigidity, the durability of theoutsole 1 will unlikely lower. - Preferably, the band-shaped
portion 2 extends from a first end portion E1 of the rear edge portion RE of therear foot portion 1R toward a second end portion E2 on the lateral side La of therear foot portion 1R;
the outer sole 1 has a first roll-upportion 11 rolled up upwardly in the rear edge portion RE of therear foot portion 1R;
the outer sole 1 has a second roll-upportion 12 rolled up upwardly in the lateral edge portion LE of therear foot portion 1R;
the first region α1 and the second region α2 are continuous with each other via the hard material and/or a first high-rigidity portion thicker than the band-shapedportion 2 in the first roll-upportion 11 above the first end portion E1; and
the first region α1 and the second region α2 are continuous with each other via the hard material and/or a second high-rigidity portion thicker than the band-shapedportion 2 in the second roll-upportion 12 above the second end portion E2. - Also in this case, the durability will unlikely lower as described above.
- Particularly, the first roll-up
portion 11 and the second roll-upportion 12 are formed in therearfoot portion 1R, and the band-shapedportion 2 can be made so long as to reach the rear end of the foot and the lateral edge of the foot. Therefore, the band-shapedportion 2 flexes more easily, and the shock-absorbing property and the stability will be further increased. - Preferably, where the band-shaped
portion 2 is divided in three equal parts in a longitudinal direction thereof, at least one of an average value of a width D1 of afirst portion 21 closer to the first end portion E1 and an average value of a width D2 of asecond portion 22 closer to the second end portion E2 is greater than an average value of a width D3 of athird portion 23 including the middle region RM. - In this case, the
first portion 21 and/or thesecond portion 22, which are closer to end portions than thethird portion 23 including the middle region RM, have a larger width than that of thethird portion 23, and there is a smaller binding force on the band-shapedportion 2 in theend portions portion 2 to flex. - Preferably, an average value of a width D1 of the band-shaped
portion 2 spanning from the portion of the middle region RM of therear foot portion 1R to the first end portion E1 is greater than an average value of a width D2 of the band-shapedportion 2 spanning from the portion of the middle region RM of therear foot portion 1R to the second end portion E2. - The second cleat C2 of the second region α2 of the rearfoot exerts the function described above by being displaced toward the lateral side La. Therefore, the band-shaped
portion 2 needs to flex in the width direction of the foot. Now, where the width D1 of the band-shapedportion 2 extending from a portion of the middle region RM of therearfoot portion 1R to the first end portion E1 is large, the amount of flexion also increases. Therefore, the shock-absorbing property and the stability will further increase. - Preferably, an average thickness of the band-shaped
portion 2 is less than an average thickness of portions of the first and second regions α1, α2 in the vicinity of the band-shapedportion 2. - In this case, the band-shaped
portion 2 is thin, and the bending rigidity bf the band-shapedportion 2 is therefore small, thus making it even easier for the band-shapedportion 2 to flex. - Preferably, the band-shaped
portion 2 defines a groove G extending along the band-shapedportion 2. - In this case, the band-shaped
portion 2 is depressed at the groove G in a cross section of the band-shapedportion 2. This depressed portion deforms due to a bending stress when a bending moment is applied in the transverse direction across the band-shapedportion 2. That is, stress concentration occurs at the depressed portion, and the bending deformation due to a bending stress occurs easily. Therefore, it is easy for the second cleat C2 of the second region α2 to be three-dimensionally displaced with respect to the first cleat C1 of the first region α1. - Preferably, the band-shaped
portion 2 has athick portion 20 extending along and on both sides of the groove G, and a thickness of the band-shapedportion 2 in the groove G is less than a thickness of thethick portion 20. - In this case, the bending deformation occurs more easily.
- Preferably, the groove G is not formed with the
thick portion 20 being continuous with each other in the first and second end portions E1, E2, and the groove G is formed between the first end portion E1 and the second end portion E2. - In this case, one can expect flexion because of the groove G, while the strength is high at the first and second end portions E1 and E2, and one can expect it is possible to ensure durability.
- In another aspect of the present invention, a shoe includes:
- a plurality of cleats C1, C2 projecting from a
bottom surface 10 of an outer sole 1 formed by a material having a resin component; - a first region α1 where at least one first cleat C1 of the plurality of cleats C1, C2 is arranged;
- a second region α2 where at least one second cleat C2 of the plurality of cleats C1, C2 is arranged; and
- a band-shaped
portion 2 having a band shape which is arranged between the first region α1 and the second region α2 and allows the second region α2 to be displaced with respect to the first region α1, wherein:
at least one of the following elements c) and d) is satisfied:- c) a Young's modulus of a soft material forming the band-shaped
portion 2 is less than a Young's modulus of a hard material forming the first and second regions α1, α2; and - d) the band-shaped
portion 2 defines a groove G (depressed portion) extending along the band-shapedportion 2.
- c) a Young's modulus of a soft material forming the band-shaped
- In this other aspect, the rigidity of the band-shaped
portion 2 is small, and a bending deformation is likely to occur in the band-shapedportion 2 due to a bending moment about the axis of the band-shapedportion 2. Therefore, the stability and the shock-absorbing property will improve in portions where the second cleats C2 are provided. - Preferably, both of the elements c) and d) are satisfied.
- Note that the groove G may partially run through a
soft resin portion 32 as long as it will not excessively lower the strength when a bending moment is applied in the transverse direction across the band-shapedportion 2. - In this case, the band-shaped
portion 2 is depressed at the groove G in a cross section of the band-shapedportion 2. This depressed portion deforms due to a bending stress when a bending moment is applied in the transverse direction across the band-shapedportion 2. That is, stress concentration occurs at the depressed portion, and the bending deformation due to a bending stress occurs easily. Therefore, it is easy for the second cleat C2 of the second region α2 to be three-dimensionally displaced with respect to the first cleat C1 of the first region α1. Thus, part of the energy from the load on the second cleat C2 is converted to a deformation energy, thereby reducing the impact energy acting upon the foot and improving the shock-absorbing property. At the same time, the second cleat C2 is likely to contact the ground in the vertical direction to the ground surface, and after second cleat C2 contacts the ground, the sole deformation speed decreases, thereby preventing excessive deformation of the foot and improving the stability. These effects occur not only when cleats and grooves are provided in the rearfoot portion, but they will occur based on a similar mechanism also when cleats and grooves are provided in the forefoot portion and the midfoot portion, etc. - Preferably, the band-shaped
portion 2 has athick portion 20 extending along and on both sides of the groove G, and a thickness of the band-shapedportion 2 in the groove G is less than a thickness of thethick portion 20. - In this case, the amount of flexion will increase.
- More preferably, the band-shaped
portion 2 has one end portion E1-E3 and another end portion E1-E3, and the end portions E1-E3 each face one of edge portions RE, LE, ME, TE of the outer sole 1; and
the groove G is not formed with thethick portion 20 being continuous with each other in the end portions E1-E3, and the groove G is formed between the one end portion E1-E3 and the other end portion E1-E3. - In this case, one can expect flexion because of the groove G, while the strength is high at the first and second end portions E1, E2, E3, and one can expect it is possible to ensure durability.
- The present invention will be understood more clearly from the following description of preferred embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying documents. Note however that the embodiments and the drawings are merely illustrative and should not be taken to define the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention shall be defined only by the appended claims. In the accompanying drawings, like reference numerals denote like components throughout the plurality of figures.
-
Embodiment 1 of the present invention will now be described. -
FIG. 1 to FIG. 8C show Embodiment 1. - As shown in
FIG. 1 , the present shoe for a field sport includes anoutsole 1, and an upper 100 denoted by a two-dot chain line. Theoutsole 1 is formed by a non-foamed material having a resin component. That is, theoutsole 1 includes a thermoplastic or thermosetting resin component, and any other suitable component. The thermoplastic resin component may be, for example, a thermoplastic elastomer or a thermoplastic resin. Such resin components may each be used alone, or two or more of them may be used in combination. Note that a reinforcing material such as a fiber may be used. - The
outsole 1 includes a plurality of first and second cleats C1, C2 projecting from abottom surface 10 of a plate-shapedbase 13, and arib 14 arranged in themidfoot portion 1M, therib 14 being integral with the cleats C1, C2. As shown inFIG. 2 , thebase 13 includes the first region α1, the second regions α2, and the band-shapedportions 2. - Note that the top surfaces of the cleats C1, C2 are shaded with large dots in
FIG. 2 . - A plurality of first cleats C1, of the plurality of cleats C1, C2, are arranged in the first region α1, whereas one second cleat C2, of the plurality of cleats C1, C2, is arranged in each second region α2.
- The band-shaped
portions 2 each have a strip shape and are arranged between the first region α1 and the second regions α2, allowing and facilitating the deformation of the second regions α2 with respect to the first region α1. In the present embodiment, the Young's modulus of the soft material forming the band-shapedportions 2 is smaller than the Young's modulus of the hard material forming the first and second regions α1, α2. Moreover, in the present embodiment, the average value of thickness of the band-shapedportions 2 is smaller than the average value of thickness of portions in the vicinity of the band-shapedportion 2 in the first and second regions α1, α2, as shown inFIG. 6B to FIG. 6D andFIG. 8A to FIG. 8C . - As shown in
FIG. 2 , the band-shapedportions 2 are provided in theforefoot portion 1F and therearfoot portion 1R. Therefore, the second regions α2 are provided in theforefoot portion 1F and therearfoot portion 1R. On the other hand, the first region α1 is provided centered around themidfoot portion 1M so as to extend from the medial side Me of therearfoot portion 1R toward the rear end of theforefoot portion 1F. - The
forefoot portion 1F, themiddle foot portion 1M and therearfoot portion 1R refer to portions that cover the forefoot section, the middle foot section and the rearfoot section of the foot, respectively. The forefoot section includes five metatarsal bones, and fourteen phalanges. The middl foot section includes a navicular bone, a cuboid bone, and three cuneiform bones. The rearfoot section includes a talus bone and a calcaneal bone. - Next, the band-shaped
portion 2, the first region α1 and the second region α2 of therearfoot portion 1R will be described primarily. - The band-shaped
portion 2 extends from a part of the middle region RM of therearfoot portion 1R toward the rear edge portion RE of therearfoot portion 1R, and extends from a part of the middle region RM of therearfoot portion 1R toward the lateral edge portion LE of the lateral side La of therearfoot portion 1R. With this arrangement and shape of the band-shapedportion 2, the first region α1 includes the medial side Me of therearfoot portion 1R and themidfoot portion 1M of theoutsole 1, whereas the second region α2 forms the lateral side La of therearfoot portion 1R of theoutsole 1. - Herein, the middle region RM of the
rearfoot portion 1R does not mean it is at the center, but means that it is a portion in the middle between the front portion and the rear portion of therearfoot portion 1R that is between the medial side Me and the lateral side La of therearfoot portion 1R; theoretically, it refers to a virtual 1/9 area of therearfoot portion 1R that is denoted by a two-dot chain line. Thus, a part of the middle region RM of therearfoot portion 1R and a part of the band-shapedportion 2 overlap with each other. - As shown in
FIG. 5 , at the rear edge portion RE of therearfoot portion 1R, theoutsole 1 includes the first roll-upportion 11 rolled up in the upward direction Z. At the lateral edge portion LE of therearfoot portion 1R, theoutsole 1 ofFIG. 1 includes the second roll-upportion 12 rolled up in the upward direction Z. - The band-shaped
portion 2 ofFIG. 3 extends from the first end portion E1 at the rear edge portion RE of therearfoot portion 1R toward the second end portion E2 at the lateral side La of therearfoot portion 1R. - The first region α1 and the second region α2 are continuous with each other via a high-rigidity portion (RE) of the hard material that is thicker than the band-shaped
portion 2 in the first roll-upportion 11 above the first end portion E1. The first region α1 arid the second region α2 are also continuous with each other via a high-rigidity portion (LE) of the hard material that is thicker than the band-shapedportion 2 in the second roll-upportion 12 above the second end portion E2. - In the present embodiment, a
hard resin portion 31 and thesoft resin portion 32 are laid and attached (bonded or welded) together around the band-shapedportion 2 as shown inFIG. 6B to FIG. 6E (andFIG. 8A to FIG. 8C ). That is, thehard resin portion 31, which is the main material forming the first and second regions α1, α2 (FIG. 3 ), is provided with a through hole H, and the through hole H is filled up with thesoft resin portion 32. - Note that in the actual manufacture, the
soft resin portion 32 is formed, by insert molding, in thehard resin portion 31. - The
hard resin portion 31 has a greater Young's modulus and a greater ASTM D2240B hardness than thesoft resin portion 32. In the present embodiment, the lateral edge portion LE and the rear edge portion RE ofFIG. 3 are formed by thehard resin portion 31 as shown inFIG. 6A , and have a larger average value of thickness than the band-shapedportion 2. - Note that the tip portion of each cleat C2 of the second region α2 of
FIG. 1 may be formed by a soft resin having a smaller hardness than thehard resin portion 31. - Note that in
FIG. 6A to FIG. 6E andFIG. 8A to FIG. 8C , although the accurate cross section is slightly curved, it is drawn to be a straight flat plate for the sake of illustration. - In
FIG. 3 andFIG. 7 , thesoft resin portion 32 is dotted. Thus, the band-shapedportion 2 is a portion of the dotted region that is delimited by a solid line inFIG. 3 andFIG. 7 . - As described above, the
hard resin portion 31 and thesoft resin portion 32 ofFIG. 6B to FIG. 6E are laid and attached together around he band-shapedportion 2. Therefore, thehard resin portion 31 and thesoft resin portion 32 are laid on each other in the vicinity of the band-shapedportion 2. - In the present embodiment, as shown in
FIG. 6B to FIG. 6E (andFIG. 8A to FIG. 8C ), the average thickness of the band-shapedportion 2 is smaller than the average thickness of portions of the first and second regions α1, α2 (FIG. 3 ) in the vicinity of the band-shapedportion 2. Moreover, in the present embodiment, the band-shapedportion 2 is provided with a groove G extending along the band-shapedportion 2, further reducing the average thickness of the band-shapedportion 2. - As shown in
FIG. 6C to FIG. 6D (andFIG. 8B to FIG. 8C ), the band-shapedportion 2 ofFIG. 3 (andFIG. 7 ) hasthick portions 20 extending along both sides of the groove G. The thickness of the band-shapedportion 2 in the groove G is smaller than the thickness of thethick portion 20. - At the first and second end portions E1 and E2, the groove G is absent as shown in
FIG. 6E and FIG. 6B , and thethick portions 20 are continuous with each other as shown inFIG. 4 andFIG. 3 . - Thus, the groove G is formed between the first end portion E1 and the second end portion E2. Note that focusing only on the
soft resin portion 32, thethick portion 20 is formed by a bank-shaped and loop-shaped ridge. As shown inFIG. 6B to FIG. 6E , thethick portion 20 is thinner than thehard resin portion 31 of the first region α1 and the second region α2, thereby forming a stepped groove with two steps, as shown inFIG. 6C and FIG. 6D in the present embodiment. - Where the band-shaped
portion 2 ofFIG. 3 is divided in three equal parts along the longitudinal direction thereof, it is preferred that at least one of the average value of the width D1 of thefirst portion 21 close to the first end portion E1 and the average value of the width D2 of thesecond portion 22 close to the second end portion E2 is greater than the average value of the width D3 of thethird portion 23 including the middle region RM therein. In the present embodiment, the average value of the width D1 is greater than the average value of the width D3. - In the present embodiment, the average value of the width D1 of a portion of the band-shaped
portion 2 extending from the middle region RM of therearfoot portion 1R to the first end portion E1 is greater than the average value of the width D2 of a portion of the band-shapedportion 2 extending from the middle region RM of therearfoot portion 1R to the second end portion E2. - Next, the structure of the
forefoot portion 1F ofFIG. 7 will be described. - In the
forefoot portion 1F, the band-shapedportion 2 is provided so as to reach the lateral edge portion LE, the medial edge portion ME and the toe edge portion TE. Thus, the second regions α2 are separated from one another by the band-shapedportion 2. - That is, the band-shaped
portion 2 includes one end portion E3 and another end portion E3, with each end portion E3 facing the toe edge portion TE, the lateral edge portion LE or the medial edge portion ME of theoutsole 1. At each end portion E3, the groove G is absent with thethick portions 20 being continuous with each other, and the groove G is formed between the one end portion E3 and the other end portion E3. - The phrase "an end portion facing an edge portion" encompasses cases where the end portion of the band-shaped
portion 2 ofFIG. 7 arranged so as to extend to an end of theoutsole 1, and cases where the end portion of the band-shapedportion 2 ofFIG. 3 extends to the vicinity of an end of theoutsole 1 but does not reach the end of theoutsole 1. - Next, an improvement to the stability realized by the present structure will be described.
- With non-movable cleats C of
FIG. 9A , a cleat contacts the ground in point contact upon landing. In contrast, the second cleat C2 ofFIG. 9B is movable as indicated by an arrow, and therefore contacts the ground in surface contact, which is expected to improve the stability. - It is believed that since the second cleat C2 is movable upon landing as shown in
FIG. 9C , abase support surface 10F increases as shown inFIG. 9D and FIG. 9C , thereby improving the stability. -
FIG. 10 to FIG. 11E show Embodiment 2. - As can be seen from these figures, the groove G is absent in the band-shaped
portion 2 in this example. However, the thickness of thesoft resin portion 32 forming the band-shapedportion 2 is smaller than the thickness of thehard resin portion 31. - Next, test examples (test ex.) and a comparative example (comp.) will be described in order to clarify the effect of the present invention.
- Test Example 1: A shoe having the groove G as shown in
FIG. 1 to FIG. 8 was prepared as Test Example 1. - Test Examples 2 and 3: Shoes with no groove G as shown in
FIG. 10 andFIG. 11 were prepared as Test Examples 2 and 3. - In each of Test Examples 1 to 3, the ASTM D hardness of the
hard resin portion 31 was set to 69°. The D hardness of thesoft resin portion 32 was set to 64° for Test Examples 1 and 2, and 59° for Test example 3. - Test Example 4: A shoe was prepared as Test Example 4, with the structure of
FIG. 10 andFIG. 11 , in which thesoft resin portion 32 was not used for the band-shapedportion 2, but thehard resin portion 31 was used entirely. - Comparative Example: A shoe with no band-shaped
portion 2 was prepared as Comparative Example. - For these examples, the stability and the shock-absorbing property of the pivot foot during a kicking action was examined, using a single male subject.
- For the Stability, the amount of change β in the angle of the foot with respect to the lower leg in the supination-pronation direction (the angle by which the heel tilts) was measured, and the peak value upon 1st strike was calculated. The value along the vertical axis of
FIG. 12A represents the peak value of the amount of change β. When the absolute value of the amount of change β is small, it can be evaluated as meaning that the amount of tilt of the heel is small and that the stability is high. - The loading rate, which is commonly calculated as Fz/Δt, was used as the index of the shock-absorbing property. That is, the value Fz/Δt is calculated by dividing the peak value Fz of the reaction force in the vertical direction from the ground by the amount of time Δt from the start of contacting the ground to the peak, and the results are shown in
FIG. 12B . - As can be seen from the test results of
FIG. 12B , Test Examples 1 to 4 all have a smaller loading rate than that of Comparative Example 1. This indicates that the shock-absorbing property is improved significantly by providing the band-shapedportion 2 of which the Young's modulus is small or the thickness is small. - As can be seen from the test results of
FIG. 12A , Test Examples 1 to 3 have a small absolute value of the amount of change β than that of Comparative Example 1, indicating that the stability is also improved if the band-shapedportion 2 is formed by thesoft resin portion 32. - On the other hand, substantially no improvement to the stability is observed for Test Example 4. However, for reasons to be set forth below, it is expected that the stability is also improved if the hardness of the resin forming the
outsole 1 is lowered. - Now, a comparison between Test Example 1 of which the D hardness is 64° and which has a groove G and Test Example 3 of which the D hardness of the
soft resin portion 32 is 59° indicates that the stability is more improved by lowering the hardness of thesoft resin portion 32 than by providing a groove G. This indicates that even if the band-shapedportion 2 has the same hardness as the first region α1 and the second region α2, the stability is improved by setting the overall hardness of theoutsole 1 to be smaller than the hardness of Test Example 4. - Then, it is estimated that the hardness is preferably 59° to 67°, and more preferably about 61° to 65°, in terms of the D hardness.
- From the results of Test Examples 1 to 4, it is estimated that the hardness of the
soft resin portion 32 is preferably about 59° to 67° in terms of the D hardness, when the band-shapedportion 2 is formed by thesoft resin portion 32. It is estimated that the difference between the hardness of thehard resin portion 31 and the hardness of thesoft resin portion 32 is preferably about 2° to 10° in terms of the D hardness. - Although the above evaluation is obtained for the
rearfoot portion 1R, it is believed that a similar effect will be obtained also for theforefoot portion 1F. That is, during a kicking action or when landing from the toe, improvements to the stability and the shock-absorbing property of theforefoot portion 1F can be expected by providing the band-shapedportion 2 and the second cleats C2 in theforefoot portion 1F. - As shown in
FIG. 13A to FIG. 13F , the band-shapedportion 2 and the groove G may have any of various cross-sectional shapes. Specifically, the depth and the surface area, etc., of the groove G may be determined appropriately as long as it does not hinder the deformation when a bending moment is applied in a transverse direction across the band-shapedportion 2. One or more groove G may be provided in one band-shapedportion 2 as long as it does not hinder the deformation when a bending moment is applied in a transverse direction across the band-shapedportion 2. - Any of various arrangements may be employed for the arrangement of the band-shaped
portion 2, the first region α1 and the second region α2, as shown inFIG. 14A to FIG. 14H . - While preferred embodiments have been described above with reference to the drawings, various obvious changes and modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the present specification.
- For example, if the band-shaped
portion 2 itself ofFIG. 6B, FIG. 6E andFIG. 11B to FIG. 11E is thinner than thehard resin portion 31, the depressed portion of the band-shapedportion 2 may be provided on the upper surface of theoutsole 1, rather than on the bottom surface thereof. - The groove G of
FIG. 6C, FIG. 6D ,FIG. 8B and FIG. 8C may be provided on the upper surface, rather than on the bottom surface. - Moreover, the groove G may be filled with a material having a smaller hardness (softer) than that of the
soft resin portion 32 forming the band-shapedportion 2. - A midsole may be provided on the
outsole 1. - Thus, such changes and modifications are deemed to fall within the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
- The present invention is applicable to an outsole of a shoe for a field sport such as soccer, rugby and American football.
-
- 1: Outsole 10: Bottom surface 11: First roll-up portion 12: Second roll-up portion 13:
Base 1F:Forefoot portion 1M:Middle foot portion 1R: Rearfoot portion RM: Middle region - 100: Upper
- 2: Band-shaped portion 20: Thick portion 21: First portion 22: Second portion 23: Third portion
- 31: Hard resin portion 32: Soft resin portion
- C1: First cleat C2: Second cleat
- E1: First end portion E2: Second end portion E3: Third end portion
- G: Groove H: Through hole
- F: Front R: Rear
- Me: Medial La: Lateral
- LE: Lateral edge portion RE: Rear edge portion ME: Medial edge portion TE: Toe edge potion
- α1: First region a2: Second region
Claims (8)
- A shoe comprising:a plurality of cleats (C1, C2) projecting from a bottom surface (10) of an outer sole (1) formed by a material having a resin component;a first region (α1) where at least one first cleat (C1) of the plurality of cleats (C1, C2) is arranged;a second region (α2) where at least one second cleat (C2) of the plurality of cleats (C1, C2) is arranged; anda band-shaped portion (2) having a band shape which is arranged between the first region (α1) and the second region (α2) so as to allow the second region (α2) to be displaced with respect to the first region (α1), wherein:the band-shaped portion (2) extends from a portion of a middle region (RM) of a rear foot portion (1R) toward a rear edge portion (RE) of the rear foot portion (1R) and extends from the portion of the middle region (RM) of the rear foot portion (1R) toward a lateral edge portion (LE) on a lateral side (La) of the rear foot portion (1R) so that the first region (α1) includes a medial side (Me) of the rear foot portion (1R) of the outer sole (1) and a middle foot portion (1M), and the second region (α2) forms the lateral side (La) of the rear foot portion (1R) of the outer sole (1); andone or both of the following elements a) and b) is satisfied:a) a Young's modulus of a soft material forming the band-shaped portion (2) is less than a Young's modulus of a hard material forming the first and second regions (α1, α2); andb) an average value of a thickness of the band-shaped portion (2) is less than an average value of a thickness of portions of the first and second regions (α1, α2) in the vicinity of the band-shaped portion (2),characterized in thatthe band-shaped portion (2) extends from a first end portion (E1) at the rear edge portion (RE) of the rear foot portion (1R) toward a second end portion (E2) at the lateral side (La) of the rear foot portion (1R);the first region (α1) and the second region (α2) are continuous with each other via the hard material and/or a first high-rigidity portion thicker than the band-shaped portion (2) in the rear edge portion (RE) of the outer sole (2) which is posterior (R) to the first end portion (E1); andthe first region (α1) and the second region (α2) are continuous with each other via the hard material and/or a second high-rigidity portion thicker than the band-shaped portion (2) in the lateral edge portion (LE) of the outer sole (1) which is on the lateral side (La) more lateral than the second end portion (E2).
- A shoe according to claim 1, wherein:the band-shaped portion (2) extends from a first end portion (E1) of the rear edge portion (RE) of the rear foot portion (1R) toward a second end portion (E2) on the lateral side (La) of the rear foot portion (1R);the outer sole (1) has a first roll-up portion (11) rolled up upwardly in the rear edge portion (RE) of the rear foot portion (1R;)the outer sole (1) has a second roll-up portion (12) rolled up upwardly in the lateral edge portion (LE) of the rear foot portion (1R);the first region (α1) and the second region (α2) are continuous with each other via the hard material and/or a first high-rigidity portion thicker than the band-shaped portion (2) in the first roll-up portion (11) above the first end portion (E1); andthe first region (α1) and the second region (α2) are continuous with each other via the hard material and/or a second high-rigidity portion thicker than the band-shaped portion (2) in the second roll-up portion (12) above the second end portion (E2).
- A shoe according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein where the band-shaped portion (2) is divided in three equal parts in a longitudinal direction thereof, at least one of an average value of a width (D1) of a first portion (21) closer to the first end portion (E1) and an average value of a width (D2) of a second portion (22) closer to the second end portion (E2) is greater than an average value of a width (D3) of a third portion (23) including the middle region (RM).
- A shoe according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein an average value of a width (D1) of the band-shaped portion (2) spanning from the portion of the middle region (RM) of the rear foot portion (1R) to the first end portion (E1) is greater than an average value of a width (D2) of the band-shaped portion (2) spanning from the portion of the middle region (RM) of the rear foot portion (1R) to the second end portion (E2).
- A shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an average thickness of the band-shaped portion (2) is less than an average thickness of portions of the first and second regions (α1, α2) in the vicinity of the band-shaped portion (2).
- A shoe according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the band-shaped portion (2) defines a groove (G) extending along the band-shaped portion (2).
- A shoe according to claim 6, wherein the band-shaped portion (2) has a thick portion (20) extending along and on both sides of the groove (G), and a thickness of the band-shaped portion (2) in the groove (G) is less than a thickness of the thick portion (20).
- A shoe according to claim 7, wherein the groove (G) is not formed with the thick portion (20) being continuous with each other in the first and second end portions (E1, E2), and the groove (G) is formed between the first end portion (E1) and the second end portion (E2).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2013/059630 WO2014155707A1 (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2013-03-29 | Shoe having mobile cleats |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2979567A1 EP2979567A1 (en) | 2016-02-03 |
EP2979567A4 EP2979567A4 (en) | 2017-03-15 |
EP2979567B1 true EP2979567B1 (en) | 2018-10-24 |
Family
ID=51622755
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13880681.5A Active EP2979567B1 (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2013-03-29 | Shoe having mobile cleats |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2979567B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5827443B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2013383835B2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014155707A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
USD1010297S1 (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2024-01-09 | Puma SE | Shoe |
US11974630B2 (en) | 2021-01-20 | 2024-05-07 | Puma SE | Article of footwear having a sole plate |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102014206419B4 (en) | 2014-04-03 | 2020-02-20 | Adidas Ag | Support element for shoes and sole and shoe with such a support element |
GB201615967D0 (en) * | 2016-09-20 | 2016-11-02 | Ali Mahmoud N R | A Footwear device |
JP6903088B2 (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2021-07-14 | 美津濃株式会社 | Manufacturing method of sole structural members |
CN113950268B (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2024-01-12 | 耐克创新有限合伙公司 | Sole structure for an article of footwear |
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FR2646060B1 (en) * | 1989-04-25 | 1991-08-16 | Salomon Sa | STEP SOLE FOR A SPORTS SHOE, ESPECIALLY A GOLF SHOE AND SHOE PROVIDED WITH SUCH A SOLE |
US5384973A (en) | 1992-12-11 | 1995-01-31 | Nike, Inc. | Sole with articulated forefoot |
IT1307402B1 (en) * | 1999-10-12 | 2001-11-06 | Lotto Sport Italia Spa | FOOTBALL STRUCTURE FOR FOOTBALL, RUNNING OR SPORTSIMILARS |
US6499235B2 (en) * | 1999-12-06 | 2002-12-31 | Adidas International B.V. | Cleated footwear |
US6973746B2 (en) * | 2003-07-25 | 2005-12-13 | Nike, Inc. | Soccer shoe having independently supported lateral and medial sides |
GB2425706A (en) | 2005-05-07 | 2006-11-08 | Colm Daniel O'dwyer | Football boot with elasticated sole |
US8356428B2 (en) | 2009-10-20 | 2013-01-22 | Nike, Inc. | Article of footwear with flexible reinforcing plate |
EP2361521B1 (en) * | 2010-02-25 | 2017-01-04 | Stonefly S.p.A. | Footwear with shock absorbing sole |
US8782928B2 (en) * | 2010-05-25 | 2014-07-22 | Nike, Inc. | Footwear with power kick plate |
-
2013
- 2013-03-29 WO PCT/JP2013/059630 patent/WO2014155707A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-03-29 JP JP2015507892A patent/JP5827443B2/en active Active
- 2013-03-29 AU AU2013383835A patent/AU2013383835B2/en active Active
- 2013-03-29 EP EP13880681.5A patent/EP2979567B1/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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None * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11974630B2 (en) | 2021-01-20 | 2024-05-07 | Puma SE | Article of footwear having a sole plate |
USD1010297S1 (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2024-01-09 | Puma SE | Shoe |
USD1022421S1 (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2024-04-16 | Puma SE | Shoe |
USD1022422S1 (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2024-04-16 | Puma SE | Shoe |
USD1023531S1 (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2024-04-23 | Puma SE | Shoe |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP5827443B2 (en) | 2015-12-02 |
EP2979567A1 (en) | 2016-02-03 |
AU2013383835B2 (en) | 2017-02-23 |
EP2979567A4 (en) | 2017-03-15 |
WO2014155707A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
JPWO2014155707A1 (en) | 2017-02-16 |
AU2013383835A1 (en) | 2015-09-24 |
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