EP2958980A1 - Lubricating composition based on aminated compounds - Google Patents

Lubricating composition based on aminated compounds

Info

Publication number
EP2958980A1
EP2958980A1 EP14707117.9A EP14707117A EP2958980A1 EP 2958980 A1 EP2958980 A1 EP 2958980A1 EP 14707117 A EP14707117 A EP 14707117A EP 2958980 A1 EP2958980 A1 EP 2958980A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carbon atoms
composition according
alkyl group
lubricating composition
formula
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP14707117.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Raphaele IOVINE
Carine PIZARD
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TotalEnergies Marketing Services SA
Original Assignee
Total Marketing Services SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Total Marketing Services SA filed Critical Total Marketing Services SA
Publication of EP2958980A1 publication Critical patent/EP2958980A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/10—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/16—Amides; Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/022—Ethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/028—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms
    • C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/028—Overbased salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/08—Amides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/046—Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/54—Fuel economy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/04—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines

Definitions

  • the present invention is applicable to the field of lubricants. More particularly, the present invention relates to a lubricating composition comprising at least one amino compound.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention simultaneously has good anti-wear properties, fuel economy and good antioxidant properties.
  • the present invention also relates to a process using this composition.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for reducing the fuel consumption of a vehicle employing this lubricating composition.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for reducing the oxidation of a lubricating composition by adding an amino compound in this composition.
  • the present invention also relates to the use of an amine compound as a friction modifier in a lubricating composition.
  • the present invention also relates to the use of an amino compound as an antioxidant in a lubricating composition.
  • Lubricating compositions and more particularly engine lubricating compositions, are known to include various types of additives, making it possible to provide the composition with particular properties.
  • antioxidants are commonly used. Indeed, in the presence of air and heat, a lubricating composition can react to form acids or other oxygenated compounds. The antioxidant is then added to the lubricant composition to reduce or block the formation or propagation of intermediate compounds, such as radicals or peroxides, thereby reducing or even blocking the oxidation of the composition.
  • antioxidant agents commonly used in the field of lubricants are chosen from zinc dithiophosphates, phenolic compounds, aromatic amines, these compounds may be used alone or as a mixture.
  • zinc thiophosphates are metal-bearing and include sulfur, which is not desirable in low-rate lubricants.
  • sulfated ash, low phosphorus and low sulfur content commonly referred to as "low saps" lubricants.
  • phenolic compounds could be limited in the lubricating compositions, because of the potential risks of these compounds on human health, in particular by their toxicity, persistence and bioaccumulation by the body.
  • the improvement of the energetic performances of the lubricating compositions can be obtained in particular by mixing in base oils specific additives such as friction modifiers.
  • organometallic compounds comprising molybdenum, such as molybdenum dithiocarbamates, are commonly used.
  • molybdenum dithiocarbamates In order to obtain good anti-friction properties, a sufficient quantity of molybdenum must be present within the lubricating composition.
  • these compounds have the disadvantage of inducing sediment formation when the lubricating composition has too much molybdenum content.
  • the poor solubility of some of these compounds modifies or even deteriorates the properties of the lubricant composition, in particular its viscosity.
  • too much or not enough viscous composition hinders the movement of moving parts, the good start of an engine, the protection of an engine when it has reached its operating temperature, and therefore ultimately causes an increase in fuel consumption.
  • these molybdenum dithiocarbamates contribute to increasing the ash content, reducing their potential for use in a lubricant composition, especially in Europe.
  • Various technical solutions to replace molybdenum compounds have been described.
  • US 4,505,835 discloses a lubricating composition comprising an amine compound as a friction modifier.
  • this amino compound is defined by a specific chemical structure comprising an ammonium function.
  • the compounds comprising an ammonium function when they are added to a lubricating composition, present a potential risk of thickening of the composition, thus possibly altering the lubricating properties of the composition.
  • antioxidants and friction modifiers in a lubricating composition does not necessarily ensure satisfactory anti-oxidant and anti-wear properties, as these compounds can potentially neutralize.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a compound, as well as a lubricating composition comprising said compound, overcoming all or in part the aforementioned disadvantages.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a lubricant composition whose formulation is easy to implement.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a lubricating composition having antioxidant properties during cold and hot use. Another object of the present invention is to provide a lubrication method for saving energy.
  • the subject of the invention is thus a lubricating composition
  • a lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil and at least one amine compound of formula (I)
  • M represents a hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium or ammonium cation
  • R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group containing from 1 to 30 carbon atoms
  • R 2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms
  • R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms
  • n 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.
  • US3687852A discloses the use of aspartic acid derivatives (a compound other than the compounds of formula (I)) in a lubricant composition to improve its lubricity properties.
  • an amine compound of formula (I) in a lubricant composition makes it possible to confer good antioxidant properties to the composition, as well as good anti-friction properties, and thus good fuel economy properties.
  • the present invention makes it possible to formulate lubricating compositions containing no or very few antioxidants chosen from zinc dithiophosphates, phenol compounds and aromatic amines, and which, however, have equivalent or even improved antioxidant properties.
  • the present invention also makes it possible to formulate lubricating compositions comprising no or very few molybdenum-based friction modifiers and which nevertheless have anti-friction properties and equivalent or even improved fuel economy.
  • the lubricant compositions according to the invention have improved storage stability and a viscosity that does not vary or very little over time.
  • the lubricant composition consists essentially of at least one base oil and at least one amine compound of formula (I)
  • M represents a hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium or ammonium cation
  • R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms
  • R 2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms
  • R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms
  • n 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.
  • the invention also relates to an engine oil comprising a lubricant composition as defined above.
  • the invention also relates to a transmission oil comprising a lubricating composition as defined above.
  • the invention also relates to an industrial lubricating oil comprising a lubricating composition as defined above.
  • industrial lubricating oil is meant any lubricating oil for application in the lubrication of devices, including mechanical, hydraulic or other, used in the industry, such as fats, oils for metalworking, oils for compressor, turbine oils, chain oils, joint oils, insulating oils such as oils for electrical transformers, oils suitable for heat transfer, oils for refrigerating devices or hydraulic fluids.
  • the invention also relates to a hydraulic fluid comprising a lubricant composition as defined above.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a lubricant composition as defined above for the lubrication of a motor of light vehicles or trucks.
  • the invention relates to the use of a lubricant composition as defined above for the lubrication of a gasoline or diesel light vehicle engine.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a lubricant composition as defined above for reducing the fuel consumption of vehicles.
  • the invention also relates to a method of lubricating a light vehicle or heavy vehicle engine comprising at least one step of contacting the engine with a lubricant composition as defined above.
  • the invention relates to a method for lubricating a gasoline or diesel light vehicle engine comprising at least one step of contacting the engine with a lubricant composition as defined above.
  • the invention also relates to a method of reducing energy losses by friction of a mechanical part comprising at least one step of contacting a mechanical part with a lubricant composition as defined above.
  • the invention also relates to a method for reducing the fuel consumption of a vehicle comprising at least one step of contacting a mechanical part of the vehicle engine with a lubricating composition as defined above.
  • the invention also relates to the use of an amino compound of formula (I) as an antioxidant in a lubricant composition
  • M represents a hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium or ammonium cation
  • R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms
  • R 2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms
  • R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms
  • n 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.
  • the invention also relates to the use of an amino compound of formula (I) as a friction modifier in a lubricating composition
  • M represents a hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium or ammonium cation
  • R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms
  • R 2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms
  • R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms
  • n 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.
  • the invention also relates to a method for reducing the oxidation of a lubricating composition comprising the addition of a compound of formula (I) in said lubricating composition
  • M represents a hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium or ammonium cation
  • R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms
  • R 2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms
  • R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms
  • n 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.
  • the amino compound present in the lubricating composition according to the invention is composed of formula (I)
  • M represents a hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium or ammonium cation
  • R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms
  • R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms
  • n 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.
  • M represents a sodium cation
  • R 1 may represent a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 5 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 9 to 15 carbon atoms. In a preferred embodiment, R 1 represents a linear alkyl group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably from 5 to 20 carbon atoms, advantageously from 9 to 15 carbon atoms.
  • R 2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
  • R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
  • n 2, 3 or 4.
  • the amine compound may be chosen from compounds of formula (I) in which:
  • M represents a sodium cation
  • R 1 represents a linear alkyl group comprising from 5 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 9 to 15 carbon atoms,
  • R 2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 5 carbon atoms
  • R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 5 carbon atoms
  • n 2, 3 or 4.
  • R 1 represents a hydrocarbon group which is obtained after reduction of lauric acid.
  • lauric acid is obtained by extraction of coconut oil.
  • the amino compound is a compound of formula (Ia)
  • the content by weight of amine compound of formula (I) ranges from 0.01 to 3%, preferably from 0.5 to 2% relative to the total weight of the composition.
  • the invention relates to a lubricant composition comprising:
  • an antioxidant of zinc dithiophosphate type in a content of less than or equal to 0.5%, preferably ranging from 0.01 to 0.5% by weight relative to the weight of the lubricating composition.
  • the invention relates to a lubricant composition
  • a lubricant composition comprising:
  • the invention relates to a lubricant composition
  • a lubricant composition comprising:
  • an aromatic amine antioxidant in a content of less than or equal to 2%, preferably ranging from 0.01 to 2% by weight relative to the weight of the lubricating composition.
  • the invention relates to a lubricant composition
  • a lubricant composition comprising:
  • a molybdenum-based friction modifier in a content of less than or equal to 0.25%, preferably ranging from 0.01 to 0.25% by weight relative to the weight of the lubricant composition.
  • Another subject of the invention relates to the use of an amine compound of (I) as an antioxidant in a lubricant composition
  • M represents a hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium or ammonium cation
  • R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms
  • R 2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms
  • R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms
  • n 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.
  • the set of characteristics and preferences presented for the amino compound of formula (I) present in the lubricant composition also applies to the use of an amine compound of formula (I) as an antioxidant in a lubricating composition.
  • the invention relates to the use of an amino compound of formula (Ia) as an antioxidant in a lubricant composition
  • Another subject of the invention relates to the use of an amino compound of
  • R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms
  • R 2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms
  • R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms
  • n 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.
  • the set of characteristics and preferences presented for the amino compound of formula (I) present in the lubricant composition also applies to the use of an amine compound of formula (I) as a friction modifier in a lubricant composition.
  • the invention relates to the use of an amino compound of formula (Ia) as a friction modifier in a lubricating composition.
  • the lubricating composition according to the present invention comprises at least one base oil which can be chosen from among the base oils of groups I to V as defined in the API classification (American Petroleum Institute) or its European equivalent: the ATIEL classification. (Technical Association of the European Lubricants Industry) or their mixtures.
  • the base oil or base oil mixture may be of natural or synthetic origin.
  • the base oil or the mixture of base oils may represent at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, even more preferably at least 80%, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
  • the table below describes the base oil groups according to API classification (API Publication No. 1509 Engine Oil Licensing and Certification System appendix E, 14th Edition, December 1996). The percentages are given by weight based on the total weight of the base oil composition.
  • the oils of groups I to V can be oils of plant, animal or mineral origin.
  • the so-called mineral base oils include any type of bases obtained by atmospheric and vacuum distillation of crude oil, followed by refining operations such as solvent extraction, desalting, solvent dewaxing, hydrotreating, hydrocracking and hydroisomerization, hydrofinishing.
  • the base oil of the composition according to the invention may also be a synthetic oil, such as certain esters of carboxylic acids and alcohols or polyalphaolefins.
  • the polyalphaolefins used as base oil, and which are distinguished from the heavy polyalphaolefins which may also be present in the compositions according to the invention may for example be obtained from monomers having 4 to 32 carbon atoms (e.g. octene, decene), and having a viscosity at 100 ° C ranging from 1.5 to 15 cSt (measured according to ASTM D445 international standard.) Synthetic and mineral oil mixtures can also be used.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention is formulated to obtain a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. (KV100) ranging from 4 to 25 cSt, preferably from 5 to 22 cSt, more preferably from 5 to 13 cSt, measured according to International Standard ASTM D445.
  • KV100 kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention is formulated to have a viscosity index greater than or equal to 140, preferably greater than or equal to 150, more preferably greater than or equal to 160.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention is in the form of an anhydrous composition.
  • the invention also relates to an oil comprising a lubricant composition according to the invention.
  • the subject of the invention is an engine oil comprising a lubricant composition according to the invention.
  • the invention also relates to a transmission oil comprising a lubricant composition according to the invention.
  • the invention relates to an engine oil comprising a lubricant composition according to the invention.
  • the oil according to the invention can be grade OW-20 and 5W-30 according to the SAEJ300 classification, characterized by a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C (KV100) ranging from 5.6 to 12.5 cSt measured according to ASTM D445 international standard.
  • KV100 kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C
  • the oil according to the invention can be characterized by a viscosity index, calculated according to the international standard ASTM D2230, greater than or equal to 130, preferably greater than or equal to 150, more preferably greater than or equal to to 160.
  • base oils having a sulfur content of less than 0.3% by weight relative to the weight of the base oil composition for example Group III mineral oils, may advantageously be used, and synthetic bases free of sulfur, preferably of group IV, or mixtures thereof.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention may further comprise at least one additional additive.
  • the additional additive may be chosen from the group formed by the anti-wear additives, the extreme pressure additives, the various antioxidants of the amine compound of formula (I), the different friction modifiers of the amine compound of formula (I), the overbased or non-overbased detergents, viscosity index improvers, pour point improvers, dispersants, defoamers, thickeners and mixtures thereof.
  • the additive (s) may be introduced in isolation and / or included in packages of additives. The addition of the selected additive (s) depends on the use of the lubricating composition. These additives and their use depending on the purpose of the lubricant composition are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the additive (s) are suitable for use as a motor oil.
  • the lubricating composition may further comprise at least one anti-wear additive, at least one extreme pressure additive or their mixture.
  • the anti-wear and extreme pressure additives protect the friction surfaces by forming a protective film adsorbed on these surfaces.
  • phosphosulfur additives such as metal alkylthiophosphates, in particular zinc alkylthiophosphates, and more specifically zinc dialkyldithiophosphates or ZnDTP.
  • the preferred compounds have the formula Zn ((SP (S) (OR 4 ) (OR 5 )) 2, in which R 4 and R 5 , which may be identical or different, independently represent an alkyl group, preferably containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms.
  • the amine phosphates are also anti-wear additives which can be used in the lubricating compositions according to the invention However, the phosphorus provided by these additives acts as a poison for the catalytic systems of automobiles because these additives are ash generators. These effects can be minimized by partially substituting amine phosphates with non-phosphorus additives, such as, for example, polysulfides, especially sulfur-containing olefins.
  • the anti-wear and extreme-pressure additives may be present in the motor oil at contents ranging from 0.01 to 6% by weight, preferably from 0.05 to 4%. %, preferably from 0.1% to 2% relative to the total mass of the engine oil.
  • the lubricating composition may further comprise at least one additional friction modifier different from the amine compound of formula (I).
  • the additional friction modifying additive may be a compound providing metallic elements or a compound without ash.
  • transition metal complexes such as Mo, Sb, Sn, Fe, Cu, Zn, the ligands of which may be hydrocarbon compounds containing oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus.
  • the ashless friction modifiers are of organic origin and may be selected from monoesters of fatty acids and polyols, alkoxylated amines, fatty alkoxylated amines, fatty epoxides, borate fatty epoxides; fatty amines or fatty acid glycerol esters.
  • fatty or "fatty (s)" is intended to mean a hydrocarbon group comprising from 10 to 24 carbon atoms.
  • the additional friction-modifying additive may be present at levels ranging from 0.01 to 2% by weight, preferentially from 0.1 to 1.5% in the lubricating composition, relative to the total mass of the lubricating composition.
  • the additional friction modifying additive may be present in the engine oil at contents ranging from 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 2% in oils. motor, relative to the total mass of the engine oil.
  • the lubricating composition may further comprise at least one additional antioxidant additive different from the amine compound of formula (I).
  • the antioxidant additives retard the degradation of the lubricating compositions in service, in particular engine oils in service, which degradation may in particular result in the formation of deposits, the presence of sludge, or an increase in the viscosity of the lubricant composition, especially the engine oil.
  • Antioxidant additives act in particular as radical inhibitors or destroyers of hydroperoxides.
  • Additional antioxidants include antioxidants of phenolic or amine type, phosphosulfur antioxidants. Some of these antioxidants, for example phosphosulfides, can be ash generators. Phenolic antioxidants may be ashless, or may be in the form of neutral or basic metal salts.
  • the additional antioxidant agents may especially be chosen from sterically hindered phenols, sterically hindered phenol esters and sterically hindered phenols comprising a thioether bridge, diphenylamines, diphenylamines substituted with at least one C 1 -C 12 alkyl group, and Dialkyl aryl diamines and combinations thereof.
  • sterically hindered phenol means a compound comprising a phenol group in which at least one vicinal carbon of the carbon carrying the alcohol function is substituted by at least one C 1 -C 10 alkyl group, preferably an alkyl group containing C1-C6, preferably a C4 alkyl group, preferably by the ter-butyl group.
  • Amino compounds are another class of additional antioxidants that can be used, optionally in combination with phenolic antioxidants.
  • Typical examples are aromatic amines of the formula R 6 R 78 N, in which R 6 represents an optionally substituted aliphatic group or aromatic group, R 7 represents an optionally substituted aromatic group, R 8 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a aryl group or a group of formula R 9 S (O) z R 10 , where R 9 represents an alkylene group or an alkenylene group, R 10 represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group or an aryl group and z represents an integer equal to 0 , 1 or 2.
  • Sulfurized alkyl phenols or their alkali and alkaline earth metal salts can also be used as additional antioxidants.
  • Another class of additional antioxidants is copper compounds, for example copper thio- or dithiophosphates, copper and carboxylic acid salts, dithiocarbamates, sulphonates, phenates, copper acetylacetonates. Copper salts I and II, succinic acid or anhydride may also be used.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention may contain any type of additional antioxidant additives known to those skilled in the art.
  • the ashless antioxidants are used.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention may comprise from 0.5 to 2% of at least one additional antioxidant additive by weight relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention may further comprise a detergent additive.
  • the detergent additives reduce in particular the formation of deposits on the surface of the metal parts by dissolving the secondary products of oxidation and combustion.
  • the detergents that can be used in the lubricant composition according to the invention are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the detergents commonly used in the formulation of lubricating compositions may be anionic compounds having a long lipophilic hydrocarbon chain and a hydrophilic head.
  • the associated cation is typically a metal cation of an alkali or alkaline earth metal.
  • the detergents are preferably chosen from alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts of carboxylic acids, sulphonates, salicylates and naphthenates, as well as the salts of phenates.
  • the alkali and alkaline earth metals are preferably calcium, magnesium, sodium or barium.
  • These metal salts may contain the metal in an approximately stoichiometric amount or in excess (in an amount greater than the stoichiometric amount). In the latter case, these detergents are called overbased detergents.
  • the excess metal bringing the overbased character to the detergent, is in the form of metal salts insoluble in the oil, for example carbonate, hydroxide, oxalate, acetate, glutamate, preferably carbonate.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise from 2 to 4% by weight of detergent, relative to the total mass of the lubricating composition.
  • the lubricating composition may further comprise at least one viscosity index improving polymer.
  • the polymers improving the viscosity index make it possible to guarantee good cold strength and minimum viscosity at high temperature, in particular to formulate multi-grade motor oils.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention may comprise from 1 to 15% by weight of viscosity index improving polymers, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
  • the engine oil according to the invention comprises from 0.1 to 10% by weight of polymers improving the viscosity index, with respect to the total mass of the engine oil, preferably from 0.5 to 5%, preferably from 1 to 2%.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention may further comprise at least one pour point depressant additive.
  • the pour point depressant additives notably improve the cold behavior of the lubricating compositions, by slowing down the formation of paraffin crystals.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention may comprise, in addition, at least one dispersing additive, preferably anhydrous.
  • the dispersant additives may be selected from the groups formed by succinimides or Mannich bases.
  • the lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise from 0.2 to 10% by total weight of dispersants, relative to the total mass of the lubricant composition.
  • the subject of the invention is also a lubricating composition comprising:
  • the subject of the invention is also a lubricant composition consisting essentially of:
  • composition of the additive concentrate type, comprising:
  • the invention relates to a composition
  • a composition comprising: from 5 to 20%, preferably from 10 to 20% by weight, of at least one amine compound of formula (I) relative to the weight of the composition, from 80 to 95% by weight of at least one other additive chosen from antiwear additives, extreme pressure additives, friction modifiers different from the amine compound of formula (I), viscosity index improving polymers, pour point improvers, anhydrous dispersants, defoamers, thickeners and mixtures thereof, based on the weight of the composition.
  • composition according to the invention as defined above is in the form of a concentrated composition of amino compound of formula (I).
  • the concentrated composition according to the invention can be added at least one base oil to obtain a lubricant composition according to the invention.
  • the lubricant composition according to the invention can lubricate at least one mechanical part or a mechanical member, in particular bearings, gears, universal joints, transmissions, the piston / piston / sleeve system, the camshafts, the clutch , manual or automatic gearboxes, rockers, crankcases etc.
  • the invention also relates to a method for reducing the energy losses by friction of a mechanical part, said method comprising at least one step of contacting a mechanical part with a lubricant composition according to the invention.
  • the set of characteristics and preferences presented for the lubricant composition also applies to the method for reducing the energy losses by friction of a mechanical part according to the invention.
  • the invention also relates to a method for reducing the fuel consumption of a vehicle, the method comprising at least one step of contacting a lubricant composition according to the invention with at least one mechanical part of the engine of the vehicle .
  • the invention relates to a method for reducing the fuel consumption of a vehicle, in particular a vehicle traveling in an urban environment or a vehicle having a stop and go system. Automatic start called "Stop and Start" system.
  • the set of characteristics and preferences presented for the lubricant composition also applies to the process for reducing the fuel consumption of a vehicle according to the invention.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a lubricant composition according to the invention for reducing the fuel consumption of vehicles.
  • the invention relates to the use of a lubricating composition for reducing the fuel consumption of cold vehicles, in particular vehicles traveling only in urban areas or vehicles having an arresting system. and automatic start called "Stop and Start" system.
  • the set of characteristics and preferences presented for the lubricant composition also applies to the use to reduce the fuel consumption of vehicles according to the invention.
  • the vehicles may include a two or four stroke internal combustion engine.
  • the engines may be gasoline engines or diesel engines intended to be powered by gasoline or conventional diesel.
  • the term "conventional gasoline” or “conventional diesel” means engines which are powered by a fuel obtained after refining an oil of mineral origin (such as oil for example).
  • the engines may also be gasoline engines or diesel engines modified to be powered by a fuel based on oils derived from renewable materials such as alcohol-based fuels or biodiesel fuel.
  • the vehicles may be light vehicles such as automobiles and motorcycles. Vehicles can also be heavy trucks, construction machinery, ships.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a lubricant composition according to the invention for reducing the energy losses by friction of a metal part, preferably in bearings, gears or universal joints.
  • the set of characteristics and preferences presented for the lubricant composition also applies to the use to reduce frictional energy losses of a metal part according to the invention.
  • the invention also relates to a process for reducing the oxidation of a lubricating composition comprising the addition of a compound of formula (I) in said lubricant composition.
  • control lubricant composition was prepared according to Table I; the percentages given are percentages by mass.
  • composition B (comparative) comprising an aromatic amine antioxidant and a composition C (according to the invention) according to Table II was prepared; the percentages given are percentages by mass.
  • the antioxidant properties were evaluated according to the following method:
  • compositions in an amount of 27 g, was maintained at a temperature of 170 ° C in the presence of a metal catalyst of the formula Ci 5 H 25 FeO 6 diluted in chloroform, and under a flow of air having a flow rate of 10 liters per hour.
  • the duration of the test was 96h.
  • the oxidation of each composition was evaluated by measuring the kinematic viscosity increase KV at 40 ° C according to the ASTM D445 standard method.
  • antioxidant properties of a lubricating composition according to the invention are equivalent to, or better than those of a lubricating composition comprising a conventional antioxidant aromatic amine type, this all the more with a content in amine compound according to the invention lower than the aromatic amine antioxidant content
  • the lubricant compositions according to the invention retain good antioxidant properties under severe oxidation conditions (i.e. corresponding to an iron content of 80 ppm).
  • a lubricating composition D (comparative) was prepared according to Table IV; the percentages given are percentages by mass.
  • the coefficient of friction of each composition was evaluated by a Cameron Plint Laboratory Scratch Test using a Cameron-Plint TE-77 alternative tribometer.
  • the test bench consists of a cylinder / plane tribometer immersed in the lubricant composition to be tested. The coefficient of friction is monitored during the test by measuring the tangential force on the normal force.
  • a cylinder (SKF 100C6) of length 10 mm and diameter 7 mm is applied to the steel plane immersed in the lubricant composition to be tested, the temperature of the lubricant composition is fixed at each test.
  • a sinusoidal reciprocating motion is applied with a defined frequency. Each test lasts 100 seconds.
  • Several load levels have been studied; 52N, 131N, 115N, 255N, 257N and 258N.
  • composition C a lubricant composition according to the invention makes it possible to obtain coefficients of friction equivalent to or even lower than those of a lubricant composition comprising a usual friction modifier (composition D).
  • a lubricating composition according to the invention could make it possible to obtain fuel consumption gains at least equivalent to or even greater than those obtained with a lubricant composition comprising a conventional friction modifier, especially for a cold use of a vehicle.

Abstract

The invention relates to a lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil and at least one aminated compound. The lubricating composition according to the invention simultaneously exhibits good anti-wear properties, good fuel economy properties, and good anti-oxidant properties.

Description

Composition lubrifiante à base de composés aminés  Lubricating composition based on amino compounds
La présente invention est applicable au domaine des lubrifiants. Plus particulièrement, la présente invention concerne une composition lubrifiante comprenant au moins un composé aminé. La composition lubrifiante selon l'invention présente simultanément de bonnes propriétés anti-usure, d'économie de carburant ainsi que de bonnes propriétés anti-oxydantes. The present invention is applicable to the field of lubricants. More particularly, the present invention relates to a lubricating composition comprising at least one amino compound. The lubricant composition according to the invention simultaneously has good anti-wear properties, fuel economy and good antioxidant properties.
La présente invention concerne également un procédé mettant en œuvre cette composition.  The present invention also relates to a process using this composition.
La présente invention concerne également un procédé pour réduire la consommation de carburant d'un véhicule mettant en œuvre cette composition lubrifiante. The present invention also relates to a method for reducing the fuel consumption of a vehicle employing this lubricating composition.
La présente invention concerne également un procédé pour réduire l'oxydation d'une composition lubrifiante par ajout d'un composé aminé dans cette composition. La présente invention concerne également l'utilisation d'un composé aminé comme modificateur de frottement dans une composition lubrifiante.  The present invention also relates to a method for reducing the oxidation of a lubricating composition by adding an amino compound in this composition. The present invention also relates to the use of an amine compound as a friction modifier in a lubricating composition.
La présente invention concerne également l'utilisation d'un composé aminé comme agent anti-oxydant dans une composition lubrifiante. Les compositions lubrifiantes, et plus particulièrement les compositions lubrifiantes pour moteur, sont connues comme pouvant comprendre différents types d'additifs, permettant d'apporter à la composition des propriétés particulières. The present invention also relates to the use of an amino compound as an antioxidant in a lubricating composition. Lubricating compositions, and more particularly engine lubricating compositions, are known to include various types of additives, making it possible to provide the composition with particular properties.
Parmi ces additifs, les agents anti-oxydants sont couramment utilisés. En effet, en présence d'air et de chaleur, une composition lubrifiante peut réagir pour former des acides ou autres composés oxygénés. L'agent anti-oxydant est alors ajouté dans la composition lubrifiante pour réduire voire bloquer la formation ou la propagation des composés intermédiaires, tels que les radicaux ou les peroxydes, ceci permettant de réduire voire de bloquer l'oxydation de la composition. Among these additives, antioxidants are commonly used. Indeed, in the presence of air and heat, a lubricating composition can react to form acids or other oxygenated compounds. The antioxidant is then added to the lubricant composition to reduce or block the formation or propagation of intermediate compounds, such as radicals or peroxides, thereby reducing or even blocking the oxidation of the composition.
Les agents anti-oxydants couramment utilisés dans le domaine des lubrifiants sont choisis parmi les dithiophosphates de zinc, les composés phénoliques, les aminés aromatiques, ces composés pouvant être utilisés seuls ou en mélange.  The antioxidant agents commonly used in the field of lubricants are chosen from zinc dithiophosphates, phenolic compounds, aromatic amines, these compounds may be used alone or as a mixture.
Toutefois, ils peuvent présenter certains inconvénients. En effet, l'inconvénient majeur des thiophosphates de zinc est qu'ils sont porteurs de métaux et comprennent du soufre, ce qui n'est pas souhaitable dans des lubrifiants à bas taux de cendres sulfatées, bas taux de phosphore et à bas taux de soufre, communément appelés lubrifiants "low saps". However, they may have some disadvantages. Indeed, the major disadvantage of zinc thiophosphates is that they are metal-bearing and include sulfur, which is not desirable in low-rate lubricants. sulfated ash, low phosphorus and low sulfur content, commonly referred to as "low saps" lubricants.
Par ailleurs, l'utilisation de composés phénoliques pourrait être limitée dans les compositions lubrifiantes, du fait des risques potentiels de ces composés sur la santé humaine, notamment par leur toxicité, persistance et bioaccumulation par l'organisme.  Moreover, the use of phenolic compounds could be limited in the lubricating compositions, because of the potential risks of these compounds on human health, in particular by their toxicity, persistence and bioaccumulation by the body.
Quant aux aminés aromatiques, leur efficacité anti-oxydante est reconnue pour une utilisation à froid d'une composition lubrifiante, réduisant ainsi leur intérêt dans des conditions de température élevées correspondant aux conditions de fonctionnement d'un moteur.  As for aromatic amines, their antioxidant effectiveness is recognized for cold use of a lubricating composition, thus reducing their interest in high temperature conditions corresponding to the operating conditions of an engine.
Par ailleurs, suite à l'établissement du protocole de Kyoto, de nouvelles normes protégeant l'environnement imposent à la filière de l'automobile de construire des véhicules dont les émissions polluantes et les consommations de carburant sont réduites. Il en résulte que les moteurs de ces véhicules sont soumis à des contraintes techniques de plus en plus sévères : ils tournent notamment plus vite, à des températures de plus en plus élevées et doivent consommer de moins en moins de carburant.  In addition, following the establishment of the Kyoto Protocol, new environmental protection standards require the automotive sector to build vehicles with reduced emissions and reduced fuel consumption. As a result, the engines of these vehicles are subject to increasingly stringent technical constraints: they turn in particular faster, at higher and higher temperatures and must consume less and less fuel.
La nature des lubrifiants moteurs pour automobiles a une influence sur l'émission de polluants et sur la consommation de carburant. Des lubrifiants moteurs pour automobiles dits économiseurs d'énergie ou « fuel-eco » (en terminologie anglo- saxonne), ont été développés pour satisfaire ces nouveaux besoins.  The nature of automotive lubricants has an influence on pollutant emissions and fuel consumption. Engine lubricants for automobiles called energy saving or "fuel-eco" (in English terminology), have been developed to meet these new needs.
L'amélioration des performances énergétiques des compositions lubrifiantes peut être obtenue notamment en mélangeant dans des huiles de base des additifs spécifiques tels que des modificateurs de frottement. The improvement of the energetic performances of the lubricating compositions can be obtained in particular by mixing in base oils specific additives such as friction modifiers.
Parmi les modificateurs de frottement, les composés organométalliques comprenant du molybdène, tels que les dithiocarbamates de molybdène, sont couramment utilisés. Afin d'obtenir de bonnes propriétés anti-frottement, une quantité suffisante de molybdène doit être présente au sein de la composition lubrifiante. Cependant, ces composés présentent l'inconvénient d'induire la formation de sédiments lorsque la composition lubrifiante présente une trop forte teneur en élément molybdène. La mauvaise solubilité de certains de ces composés modifie voire détériore les propriétés de la composition lubrifiante, notamment sa viscosité. Or, une composition trop ou pas assez visqueuse nuit au mouvement des pièces mobiles, au bon démarrage d'un moteur, à la protection d'un moteur lorsqu'il a atteint sa température de service, et donc in fine provoque notamment une augmentation de consommation de carburant. De plus, ces dithiocarbamates de molybdène contribuent à augmenter le taux de cendre, réduisant leur potentiel d'utilisation dans une composition lubrifiante, notamment en Europe. Différentes solutions techniques pour remplacer les composés à base de molybdène ont été décrites. Among the friction modifiers, organometallic compounds comprising molybdenum, such as molybdenum dithiocarbamates, are commonly used. In order to obtain good anti-friction properties, a sufficient quantity of molybdenum must be present within the lubricating composition. However, these compounds have the disadvantage of inducing sediment formation when the lubricating composition has too much molybdenum content. The poor solubility of some of these compounds modifies or even deteriorates the properties of the lubricant composition, in particular its viscosity. However, too much or not enough viscous composition hinders the movement of moving parts, the good start of an engine, the protection of an engine when it has reached its operating temperature, and therefore ultimately causes an increase in fuel consumption. In addition, these molybdenum dithiocarbamates contribute to increasing the ash content, reducing their potential for use in a lubricant composition, especially in Europe. Various technical solutions to replace molybdenum compounds have been described.
Le document US 4 505 835 décrit une composition lubrifiante comprenant un composé aminé en tant que modificateur de frottement. Toutefois, ce composé aminé est défini par une structure chimique spécifique comprenant une fonction ammonium. Or, les composés comprenant une fonction ammonium, lorsqu'ils sont ajoutés à une composition lubrifiante, présentent un risque potentiel d'épaississement de la composition, pouvant ainsi altérer les propriétés de lubrification de la composition.  US 4,505,835 discloses a lubricating composition comprising an amine compound as a friction modifier. However, this amino compound is defined by a specific chemical structure comprising an ammonium function. However, the compounds comprising an ammonium function, when they are added to a lubricating composition, present a potential risk of thickening of the composition, thus possibly altering the lubricating properties of the composition.
Par ailleurs, aucune indication n'est donnée dans ce document quant à l'existence de propriétés anti-oxydantes de ce composé. De plus, ce document enseigne plus particulièrement l'application de la composition lubrifiante dans le domaine des lubrifiants marins.  Furthermore, no indication is given in this document as to the existence of antioxidant properties of this compound. In addition, this document teaches more particularly the application of the lubricant composition in the field of marine lubricants.
Par ailleurs, la combinaison d'agents anti-oxydants et de modificateurs de frottement dans une composition lubrifiante ne garantit pas nécessairement d'obtenir des propriétés anti-oxydantes et anti-usures satisfaisantes, du fait que ces composés peuvent potentiellement se neutraliser. Furthermore, the combination of antioxidants and friction modifiers in a lubricating composition does not necessarily ensure satisfactory anti-oxidant and anti-wear properties, as these compounds can potentially neutralize.
Les exigences de formulation et d'économie de carburant étant grandissantes, il existe donc toujours un besoin de rechercher de nouveaux composés polyfonctionnels, présentant à la fois des propriétés anti-oxydantes et de modificateur de frottement, qui, une fois formulés dans une composition lubrifiante, ne la déstabilisent pas et permettent d'obtenir simultanément des propriétés de résistance à l'oxydation et d'économies de carburant améliorées.  Formulation and fuel economy requirements are growing, so there is still a need to search for new polyfunctional compounds, having both antioxidant and friction modifier properties, which, once formulated in a lubricant composition , do not destabilize it and make it possible simultaneously to obtain oxidation resistance properties and improved fuel economy.
Un objectif de la présente invention est de fournir un composé, ainsi qu'une composition lubrifiante comprenant ledit composé, palliant tout ou en partie aux inconvénients précités. An object of the present invention is to provide a compound, as well as a lubricating composition comprising said compound, overcoming all or in part the aforementioned disadvantages.
Un autre objectif de l'invention est de fournir une composition lubrifiante dont la formulation est facile à mettre en œuvre.  Another object of the invention is to provide a lubricant composition whose formulation is easy to implement.
Un autre objectif de l'invention est de fournir une composition lubrifiante présentant des propriétés anti-oxydantes lors d'une utilisation à froid et à chaud. Un autre objectif de la présente invention est de fournir un procédé de lubrification permettant des économies d'énergie. Another object of the invention is to provide a lubricating composition having antioxidant properties during cold and hot use. Another object of the present invention is to provide a lubrication method for saving energy.
L'invention a ainsi pour objet une composition lubrifiante comprenant au moins une huile de base et au moins un composé aminé de formule (I)  The subject of the invention is thus a lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil and at least one amine compound of formula (I)
)  )
dans laquelle : in which :
• M représente un cation hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium ou ammonium ;  M represents a hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium or ammonium cation;
• Ri représente un atome d'hydrogène ou un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié .comprenant de 1 à 30 atomes de carbone ;  R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group containing from 1 to 30 carbon atoms;
• R2 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 20 atomes de carbone ; R 2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
• R3 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 20 atomes de carbone ; R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
• n représente 2, 3, 4, 5 ou 6.  • n represents 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.
Il est connu du document EP1462093A2 d'ajouter un composés de formule (I) dans un milieu aqueux comprenant au moins une base d'oxydation et/ ou au moins un colorant direct et au moins un acide polycarboxylique ou un de ces sels. Les compositions obtenues sont essentiellement des compositions tinctoriales et sont utilisées pour colorer les cheveux. Toutefois, ce document ne mentionne pas l'utilisation d'un composé de formule (I) dans une huile de base pour la formulation de composition lubrifiante. It is known from EP1462093A2 to add a compound of formula (I) in an aqueous medium comprising at least one oxidation base and / or at least one direct dye and at least one polycarboxylic acid or one of these salts. The compositions obtained are essentially dyeing compositions and are used to color the hair. However, this document does not mention the use of a compound of formula (I) in a base oil for the formulation of lubricating composition.
Le document US3687852A décrit l'utilisation de dérivés de l'acide aspartique (composé différent des composés de formule (I)) dans une composition lubrifiante pour améliorer ses propriétés de lubrifications. US3687852A discloses the use of aspartic acid derivatives (a compound other than the compounds of formula (I)) in a lubricant composition to improve its lubricity properties.
De manière surprenante, la demanderesse a constaté que la présence d'un composé aminé de formule (I) dans une composition lubrifiante permet de conférer de bonnes propriétés anti-oxydantes à la composition, ainsi que de bonnes propriétés anti-frottement, et ainsi de bonnes propriétés d'économie de carburant. Surprisingly, the Applicant has found that the presence of an amine compound of formula (I) in a lubricant composition makes it possible to confer good antioxidant properties to the composition, as well as good anti-friction properties, and thus good fuel economy properties.
Ainsi, la présente invention permet de formuler des compositions lubrifiantes ne comprenant pas ou très peu d'agents anti-oxydants choisis parmi les dithiophosphates de zinc, les composés phénoliques, les aminés aromatiques, et présentant toutefois des propriétés anti-oxydantes équivalentes voire améliorées. Thus, the present invention makes it possible to formulate lubricating compositions containing no or very few antioxidants chosen from zinc dithiophosphates, phenol compounds and aromatic amines, and which, however, have equivalent or even improved antioxidant properties.
La présente invention permet également de formuler des compositions lubrifiantes ne comprenant pas ou très peu de modificateurs de frottement à base de molybdène et présentant toutefois des propriétés anti-frottement et d'économies de carburant équivalentes voire améliorées. The present invention also makes it possible to formulate lubricating compositions comprising no or very few molybdenum-based friction modifiers and which nevertheless have anti-friction properties and equivalent or even improved fuel economy.
Avantageusement, les compositions lubrifiantes selon l'invention présentent une stabilité au stockage améliorée ainsi qu'une viscosité ne variant pas ou très peu au cours du temps. Advantageously, the lubricant compositions according to the invention have improved storage stability and a viscosity that does not vary or very little over time.
Dans un mode de réalisation, la composition lubrifiante consiste essentiellement en au moins une huile de base et au moins un composé aminé de formule (I) In one embodiment, the lubricant composition consists essentially of at least one base oil and at least one amine compound of formula (I)
(I)  (I)
dans laquelle : in which :
• M représente un cation hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium ou ammonium ;  M represents a hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium or ammonium cation;
· R-ι représente un atome d'hydrogène ou un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 1 à 30 atomes de carbone ;  R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms;
• R2 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 20 atomes de carbone ; R 2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
• R3 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 20 atomes de carbone ; R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
• n représente 2, 3, 4, 5 ou 6. L'invention concerne également une huile moteur comprenant une composition lubrifiante telle que définie ci-dessus. • n represents 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6. The invention also relates to an engine oil comprising a lubricant composition as defined above.
L'invention concerne également une huile transmission comprenant une composition lubrifiante telle que définie ci-dessus.  The invention also relates to a transmission oil comprising a lubricating composition as defined above.
L'invention concerne également une huile lubrifiante industrielle comprenant une composition lubrifiante telle que définie ci-dessus. The invention also relates to an industrial lubricating oil comprising a lubricating composition as defined above.
Par huile lubrifiante industrielle selon l'invention, on entend toute huile lubrifiante pour application dans la lubrification de dispositifs, notamment mécaniques, hydrauliques ou autres, utilisés dans l'industrie, telle que les graisses, les huiles destinées au travail des métaux, les huiles pour compresseur, les huiles pour turbines, les huiles pour chaînes, les huiles pour articulations, les huiles isolantes telles que les huiles pour transformateurs électriques, les huiles adaptées aux transfert de chaleur, les huiles pour dispositifs réfrigérants ou encore les fluides hydrauliques.  By industrial lubricating oil according to the invention is meant any lubricating oil for application in the lubrication of devices, including mechanical, hydraulic or other, used in the industry, such as fats, oils for metalworking, oils for compressor, turbine oils, chain oils, joint oils, insulating oils such as oils for electrical transformers, oils suitable for heat transfer, oils for refrigerating devices or hydraulic fluids.
Ainsi, l'invention concerne également un fluide hydraulique comprenant une composition lubrifiante telle que définie ci-dessus. Thus, the invention also relates to a hydraulic fluid comprising a lubricant composition as defined above.
L'invention concerne également l'utilisation d'une composition lubrifiante telle que définie ci-dessus pour la lubrification d'un moteur de véhicules légers ou de poids lourds. The invention also relates to the use of a lubricant composition as defined above for the lubrication of a motor of light vehicles or trucks.
Dans un mode de réalisation, l'invention concerne l'utilisation d'une composition lubrifiante telle que définie ci-dessus pour la lubrification d'un moteur de véhicules légers essence ou diesel. In one embodiment, the invention relates to the use of a lubricant composition as defined above for the lubrication of a gasoline or diesel light vehicle engine.
L'invention concerne également l'utilisation d'une composition lubrifiante telle que définie ci-dessus pour réduire la consommation de carburant de véhicules. The invention also relates to the use of a lubricant composition as defined above for reducing the fuel consumption of vehicles.
L'invention concerne également un procédé de lubrification d'un moteur de véhicules légers ou de poids lourds comprenant au moins une étape de mise en contact du moteur avec une composition lubrifiante telle que définie ci-dessus. The invention also relates to a method of lubricating a light vehicle or heavy vehicle engine comprising at least one step of contacting the engine with a lubricant composition as defined above.
Dans un mode de réalisation, l'invention concerne un procédé de lubrification d'un moteur de véhicules légers essence ou diesel comprenant au moins une étape de mise en contact du moteur avec une composition lubrifiante telle que définie ci- dessus. L'invention concerne également un procédé de réduction des pertes d'énergie par frottement d'une pièce mécanique comprenant au moins une étape de mise en contact d'une pièce mécanique avec une composition lubrifiante telle que définie ci- dessus. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a method for lubricating a gasoline or diesel light vehicle engine comprising at least one step of contacting the engine with a lubricant composition as defined above. The invention also relates to a method of reducing energy losses by friction of a mechanical part comprising at least one step of contacting a mechanical part with a lubricant composition as defined above.
L'invention concerne également un procédé pour réduire la consommation de carburant d'un véhicule comprenant au moins une étape de mise en contact d'une pièce mécanique du moteur du véhicule avec une composition lubrifiante telle que définie ci-dessus. The invention also relates to a method for reducing the fuel consumption of a vehicle comprising at least one step of contacting a mechanical part of the vehicle engine with a lubricating composition as defined above.
L'invention concerne également l'utilisation d'un composé aminé de formule(l) comme agent anti-oxydant dans une composition lubrifiante The invention also relates to the use of an amino compound of formula (I) as an antioxidant in a lubricant composition
(i)  (I)
dans laquelle : in which :
• M représente un cation hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium ou ammonium ;  M represents a hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium or ammonium cation;
• Ri représente un atome d'hydrogène ou un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 1 à 30 atomes de carbone ;  R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms;
• R2 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 20 atomes de carbone ; R 2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
• R3 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 20 atomes de carbone ; R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
• n représente 2, 3, 4, 5 ou 6.  • n represents 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.
L'invention concerne également l'utilisation d'un composé aminé de formule (I) comme modificateur de frottement dans une composition lubrifiante The invention also relates to the use of an amino compound of formula (I) as a friction modifier in a lubricating composition
(I)  (I)
dans laquelle : in which :
M représente un cation hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium ou ammonium ;  M represents a hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium or ammonium cation;
Ri représente un atome d'hydrogène ou un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 1 à 30 atomes de carbone ;  R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms;
R2 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 20 atomes de carbone ; R 2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
R3 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 20 atomes de carbone ; R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
n représente 2, 3, 4, 5 ou 6.  n represents 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.
L'invention concerne également un procédé pour réduire l'oxydation d'une composition lubrifiante comprenant l'ajout d'un composé de formule (I) dans ladite composition lubrifiante The invention also relates to a method for reducing the oxidation of a lubricating composition comprising the addition of a compound of formula (I) in said lubricating composition
(I) (I)
dans laquelle : in which :
M représente un cation hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium ou ammonium ;  M represents a hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium or ammonium cation;
Ri représente un atome d'hydrogène ou un groupement alkyle, linéaire, ou ramifié comprenant de 1 à 30 atomes de carbone ;  R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms;
R2 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 20 atomes de carbone ; R 2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
R3 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 20 atomes de carbone ; R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
n représente 2, 3, 4, 5 ou 6. Description détaillée n represents 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6. detailed description
Composé aminé  Amino compound
Le composé aminé présent dans la composition lubrifiante selon l'invention est composé de formule (I) The amino compound present in the lubricating composition according to the invention is composed of formula (I)
)  )
dans laquelle : in which :
• M représente un cation hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium ou ammonium ;  M represents a hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium or ammonium cation;
• Ri représente un atome d'hydrogène ou un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 1 à 30 atomes de carbone ;  R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms;
• R2 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 20 atomes de carbone ; R 2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
· R3 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 20 atomes de carbone ; R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
• n représente 2, 3, 4, 5 ou 6.  • n represents 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.
Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, M représente un cation sodium. In a preferred embodiment, M represents a sodium cation.
Dans un mode de réalisation, R-ι peut représenter un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 5 à 20 atomes de carbone, de préférence de 9 à 15 atomes de carbone. Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, Ri représente un groupement alkyle linéaire comprenant de 1 à 30 atome de carbone, de préférence de 5 à 20 atomes de carbone, avantageusement de 9 à 15 atomes de carbone. In one embodiment, R 1 may represent a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 5 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 9 to 15 carbon atoms. In a preferred embodiment, R 1 represents a linear alkyl group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably from 5 to 20 carbon atoms, advantageously from 9 to 15 carbon atoms.
Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, R2 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 5 atomes de carbone. Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, R3 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 5 atomes de carbone. In a preferred embodiment, R 2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 5 carbon atoms. In a preferred embodiment, R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
Dans un mode de réalisation, n représente 2, 3 ou 4. In one embodiment, n represents 2, 3 or 4.
Dans un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, le composé aminé peut être choisi parmi les composés de formule (I) dans laquelle : In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the amine compound may be chosen from compounds of formula (I) in which:
• M représente un cation sodium,  M represents a sodium cation,
• Ri représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire comprenant de 5 à 20 atomes de carbone, de préférence de 9 à 15 atomes de carbone, R 1 represents a linear alkyl group comprising from 5 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 9 to 15 carbon atoms,
• R2 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 5 atomes de carbone, R 2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 5 carbon atoms,
• R3 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 5 atomes de carbone, et R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and
• n représente 2, 3 ou 4.  • n represents 2, 3 or 4.
Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, R-ι représente un groupement hydrocarboné qui est obtenu après réduction de l'acide laurique. In one embodiment of the invention, R 1 represents a hydrocarbon group which is obtained after reduction of lauric acid.
De préférence, l'acide laurique est obtenu par extraction de l'huile de Coprah.  Preferably, lauric acid is obtained by extraction of coconut oil.
De manière avantageuse, le composé aminé est un composé de formule (la) Advantageously, the amino compound is a compound of formula (Ia)
(la) Comme exemple de composés aminés selon l'invention, on peut citer le produit Chimexane HB commercialisé par la société Chimex.  As an example of amine compounds according to the invention, mention may be made of the Chimexane HB product marketed by Chimex.
Dans un mode de réalisation, la teneur en poids de composé aminé de formule (I) va de 0,01 à 3%, de préférence de 0,5 à 2% par rapport au poids total de la composition. Dans un mode de réalisation, l'invention concerne une composition lubrifiante comprenant : In one embodiment, the content by weight of amine compound of formula (I) ranges from 0.01 to 3%, preferably from 0.5 to 2% relative to the total weight of the composition. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a lubricant composition comprising:
- au moins un composé de formule (I),  at least one compound of formula (I),
- un anti-oxydant de type dithiophosphate de zinc en une teneur inférieure ou égale à 0,5%, de préférence allant de 0,01 à 0,5% en poids par rapport au poids de la composition lubrifiante.  an antioxidant of zinc dithiophosphate type in a content of less than or equal to 0.5%, preferably ranging from 0.01 to 0.5% by weight relative to the weight of the lubricating composition.
Dans un mode de réalisation, l'invention concerne une composition lubrifiante comprenant : In one embodiment, the invention relates to a lubricant composition comprising:
- au moins un composé de formule (I),  at least one compound of formula (I),
- un anti-oxydant de type composés phénoliques en une teneur inférieure ou égale à 2%, de préférence allant de 0,01 à 2% en poids par rapport au poids de la composition lubrifiante. Dans un mode de réalisation, l'invention concerne une composition lubrifiante comprenant :  an antioxidant of phenolic compounds type in a content of less than or equal to 2%, preferably ranging from 0.01 to 2% by weight relative to the weight of the lubricating composition. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a lubricant composition comprising:
- au moins un composé de formule (I),  at least one compound of formula (I),
- un anti-oxydant de type aminés aromatiques en une teneur inférieure ou égale à 2%, de préférence allant de 0,01 à 2% en poids par rapport au poids de la composition lubrifiante.  an aromatic amine antioxidant in a content of less than or equal to 2%, preferably ranging from 0.01 to 2% by weight relative to the weight of the lubricating composition.
Dans un mode de réalisation, l'invention concerne une composition lubrifiante comprenant : In one embodiment, the invention relates to a lubricant composition comprising:
- au moins un composé de formule (I),  at least one compound of formula (I),
- un modificateur de frottement à base de molybdène en une teneur inférieure ou égale à 0,25%, de préférence allant de 0,01 à 0,25% en poids par rapport au poids de la composition lubrifiante.  - A molybdenum-based friction modifier in a content of less than or equal to 0.25%, preferably ranging from 0.01 to 0.25% by weight relative to the weight of the lubricant composition.
Un autre objet de l'invention concerne l'utilisation d'un composé aminé de (I) comme agent anti-oxydant dans une composition lubrifiante Another subject of the invention relates to the use of an amine compound of (I) as an antioxidant in a lubricant composition
(i) dans laquelle : (I) in which :
• M représente un cation hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium ou ammonium ;  M represents a hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium or ammonium cation;
• Ri représente un atome d'hydrogène ou un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 1 à 30 atomes de carbone ;  R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms;
• R2 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 20 atomes de carbone ; R 2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
• R3 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 20 atomes de carbone ; R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
• n représente 2, 3, 4, 5 ou 6.  • n represents 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.
L'ensemble des caractéristiques et préférences présentées pour le composé aminé de formule (I) présent dans la composition lubrifiante s'applique également à l'utilisation d'un composé aminé de formule (I) comme agent anti-oxydant dans une composition lubrifiante. The set of characteristics and preferences presented for the amino compound of formula (I) present in the lubricant composition also applies to the use of an amine compound of formula (I) as an antioxidant in a lubricating composition.
Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, l'invention concerne l'utilisation d'un composé aminé de formule (la) comme agent anti-oxydant dans une composition lubrifiante In a preferred embodiment, the invention relates to the use of an amino compound of formula (Ia) as an antioxidant in a lubricant composition
(la)  (the)
Un autre objet de l'invention concerne l'utilisation d'un composé aminé de Another subject of the invention relates to the use of an amino compound of
(I) comme modificateur de frottement dans une composition lubrifiante (I) as a friction modifier in a lubricating composition
(I) dans laquelle • M représente un cation hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium ou ammonium ; (I) in which M represents a hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium or ammonium cation;
• Ri représente un atome d'hydrogène ou un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 1 à 30 atomes de carbone ;  R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms;
• R2 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 20 atomes de carbone ; R 2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
• R3 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 20 atomes de carbone ; R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
• n représente 2, 3, 4, 5 ou 6.  • n represents 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.
L'ensemble des caractéristiques et préférences présentées pour le composé aminé de formule (I) présent dans la composition lubrifiante s'applique également à l'utilisation d'un composé aminé de formule (I) comme modificateur de frottement dans une composition lubrifiante. The set of characteristics and preferences presented for the amino compound of formula (I) present in the lubricant composition also applies to the use of an amine compound of formula (I) as a friction modifier in a lubricant composition.
Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, l'invention concerne l'utilisation d'un composé aminé de formule (la) comme modificateur de frottement dans une composition lubrifiante In a preferred embodiment, the invention relates to the use of an amino compound of formula (Ia) as a friction modifier in a lubricating composition.
(la)  (the)
Autres composés de la composition lubrifiante: Other compounds of the lubricating composition:
Huiles de base La composition lubrifiante selon la présente invention comprend au moins une huile de base pouvant être choisie parmi les huiles de base des groupes I à V tels que définis dans la classification API (American Petroleum Institute) ou son équivalent européen : la classification ATIEL (Association Technique de l'Industrie Européenne des Lubrifiants) ou leurs mélanges. L'huile de base ou le mélange d'huiles de base peut être d'origine naturelle ou synthétique. L'huile de base ou le mélange d'huiles de base peut représenter au moins 50 %, de préférence au moins 60%, plus préférentiellement au moins 70 %, encore plus préférentiellement au moins 80%, par rapport à la masse totale de la composition lubrifiante. Le tableau ci-dessous décrit les groupes des huiles de base selon la classification API (Publication API n°1509 Engine Oil Licencing and Certification System appendix E, 14th Edition, December 1996). Les pourcentages sont donnés en poids rapporté au poids total de la composition d'huile de base. Base oils The lubricating composition according to the present invention comprises at least one base oil which can be chosen from among the base oils of groups I to V as defined in the API classification (American Petroleum Institute) or its European equivalent: the ATIEL classification. (Technical Association of the European Lubricants Industry) or their mixtures. The base oil or base oil mixture may be of natural or synthetic origin. The base oil or the mixture of base oils may represent at least 50%, preferably at least 60%, more preferably at least 70%, even more preferably at least 80%, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition. The table below describes the base oil groups according to API classification (API Publication No. 1509 Engine Oil Licensing and Certification System appendix E, 14th Edition, December 1996). The percentages are given by weight based on the total weight of the base oil composition.
Les huiles des groupes I à V peuvent être des huiles d'origine végétale, animale, ou minérale. Les huiles de base dites minérales incluent tout type de bases obtenues par distillation atmosphérique et sous vide du pétrole brut, suivie d'opérations de raffinage telles qu'extraction au solvant, désalphatage, déparaffinage au solvant, hydrotraitement, hydrocraquage et hydroisomérisation, hydrofinition.  The oils of groups I to V can be oils of plant, animal or mineral origin. The so-called mineral base oils include any type of bases obtained by atmospheric and vacuum distillation of crude oil, followed by refining operations such as solvent extraction, desalting, solvent dewaxing, hydrotreating, hydrocracking and hydroisomerization, hydrofinishing.
L'huile de base de la composition selon l'invention peut également être une huile synthétique, telle que certains esters d'acides carboxyliques et d'alcools ou des polyalphaoléfines. Les polyalphaoléfines utilisées comme huile de base, et qui se distinguent des polyalphaoléfines lourdes pouvant également être présentes dans les compositions selon l'invention, peuvent par exemple être obtenues à partir de monomères ayant de 4 à 32 atomes de carbone (par exemple octène, décène), et avoir une viscosité à 100°C allant de 1 ,5 à 15 cSt (mesurée selon la norme internationale ASTM D445. Des mélanges d'huiles synthétiques et minérales peuvent également être employés. The base oil of the composition according to the invention may also be a synthetic oil, such as certain esters of carboxylic acids and alcohols or polyalphaolefins. The polyalphaolefins used as base oil, and which are distinguished from the heavy polyalphaolefins which may also be present in the compositions according to the invention, may for example be obtained from monomers having 4 to 32 carbon atoms (e.g. octene, decene), and having a viscosity at 100 ° C ranging from 1.5 to 15 cSt (measured according to ASTM D445 international standard.) Synthetic and mineral oil mixtures can also be used.
De manière avantageuse, la composition lubrifiante selon l'invention est formulée pour obtenir une viscosité cinématique à 100°C (KV100) allant de 4 à 25 cSt, de préférence de 5 à 22 cSt, plus préférentiellement de 5 à 13 cSt mesurée selon la norme internationale ASTM D445. Advantageously, the lubricant composition according to the invention is formulated to obtain a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. (KV100) ranging from 4 to 25 cSt, preferably from 5 to 22 cSt, more preferably from 5 to 13 cSt, measured according to International Standard ASTM D445.
De manière avantageuse, la composition lubrifiante selon l'invention est formulée pour présenter un indice de viscosité supérieur ou égal à 140, préférentiellement supérieur ou égal à 150, plus préférentiellement supérieur ou égal à 160. Advantageously, the lubricant composition according to the invention is formulated to have a viscosity index greater than or equal to 140, preferably greater than or equal to 150, more preferably greater than or equal to 160.
De manière avantageuse, la composition lubrifiante selon l'invention se présente sous la forme d'une composition anhydre. Advantageously, the lubricant composition according to the invention is in the form of an anhydrous composition.
A partir des exemples exposés ci-dessous et sur la base de ses connaissances générales, l'homme du métier sait formuler de telles compositions. From the examples given below and on the basis of his general knowledge, a person skilled in the art knows how to formulate such compositions.
L'invention a également pour objet une huile comprenant une composition lubrifiante selon l'invention. Dans un mode de réalisation, l'invention a pour objet une huile moteur comprenant une composition lubrifiante selon l'invention. The invention also relates to an oil comprising a lubricant composition according to the invention. In one embodiment, the subject of the invention is an engine oil comprising a lubricant composition according to the invention.
Dans un mode de réalisation, l'invention a également pour objet une huile transmission comprenant une composition lubrifiante selon l'invention. In one embodiment, the invention also relates to a transmission oil comprising a lubricant composition according to the invention.
De manière avantageuse, l'invention concerne une huile moteur comprenant une composition lubrifiante selon l'invention. Advantageously, the invention relates to an engine oil comprising a lubricant composition according to the invention.
Dans un mode de réalisation, l'huile selon l'invention peut être de grade OW-20 et 5W-30 selon la classification SAEJ300, caractérisée par une viscosité cinématique à 100°C (KV100) allant de 5,6 à 12,5 cSt mesurée selon la norme internationale ASTM D445. In one embodiment, the oil according to the invention can be grade OW-20 and 5W-30 according to the SAEJ300 classification, characterized by a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C (KV100) ranging from 5.6 to 12.5 cSt measured according to ASTM D445 international standard.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation, l'huile selon l'invention peut être caractérisée par un indice de viscosité, calculé selon la norme internationale ASTM D2230, supérieur ou égal à 130, de préférence supérieur ou égal à 150, plus préférentiellement supérieur ou égal à 160. In another embodiment, the oil according to the invention can be characterized by a viscosity index, calculated according to the international standard ASTM D2230, greater than or equal to 130, preferably greater than or equal to 150, more preferably greater than or equal to to 160.
Pour formuler une huile moteur, on pourra avantageusement utiliser des huiles de base ayant une teneur en soufre inférieure à 0,3 % en poids par rapport au poids de la composition d'huile de base, par exemple des huiles minérales de groupe III, et des bases synthétiques exemptes de soufre, préférentiellement de groupe IV, ou leurs mélanges. To formulate a motor oil, base oils having a sulfur content of less than 0.3% by weight relative to the weight of the base oil composition, for example Group III mineral oils, may advantageously be used, and synthetic bases free of sulfur, preferably of group IV, or mixtures thereof.
A partir des exemples et sur la base de ses connaissances générales, l'homme du métier sait formuler de telles compositions. From the examples and on the basis of his general knowledge, the person skilled in the art knows how to formulate such compositions.
Autres additifs Other additives
Selon un mode de réalisation, la composition lubrifiante selon l'invention peut en outre comprendre au moins un additif supplémentaire. L'additif supplémentaire peut être choisi parmi le groupe formé par les additifs anti-usure, les additifs extrême pression, les antioxydants différents du composé aminé de formule (I), les modificateurs de frottement différents du composé aminé de formule (I), les détergents surbasés ou non, les polymères améliorant l'indice de viscosité, les améliorants de point d'écoulement, les dispersants, les anti-mousse, les épaississants et leurs mélanges. Le ou les additifs peuvent être introduits isolément et/ou inclus dans des paquets d'additifs. L'ajout du ou des additifs choisis dépendent de l'utilisation de la composition lubrifiante. Ces additifs et leur emploi en fonction de la finalité de la composition lubrifiante sont bien connus de l'homme du métier. According to one embodiment, the lubricant composition according to the invention may further comprise at least one additional additive. The additional additive may be chosen from the group formed by the anti-wear additives, the extreme pressure additives, the various antioxidants of the amine compound of formula (I), the different friction modifiers of the amine compound of formula (I), the overbased or non-overbased detergents, viscosity index improvers, pour point improvers, dispersants, defoamers, thickeners and mixtures thereof. The additive (s) may be introduced in isolation and / or included in packages of additives. The addition of the selected additive (s) depends on the use of the lubricating composition. These additives and their use depending on the purpose of the lubricant composition are well known to those skilled in the art.
Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, le ou les additifs sont adaptés à une utilisation comme huile moteur. In one embodiment of the invention, the additive (s) are suitable for use as a motor oil.
Dans un mode de réalisation, la composition lubrifiante peut comprendre en outre au moins un additif anti-usure, au moins un additif extrême pression ou leur mélange. Les additifs anti-usure et extrême pression protègent les surfaces en frottement par formation d'un film protecteur adsorbé sur ces surfaces. Il existe une grande variété d'additifs anti-usure, mais la catégorie la plus utilisée dans les compositions lubrifiantes, notamment pour huile moteur, est celle des additifs phosphosoufrés comme les alkylthiophosphates métalliques, en particulier les alkylthiophosphates de zinc, et plus spécifiquement les dialkyldithiophosphates de zinc ou ZnDTP. Les composés préférés sont de formule Zn((SP(S)(OR4)(OR5))2, où R4 et R5, identiques ou différents, représentent indépendamment un groupement alkyle, comportant préférentiellement de 1 à 18 atomes de carbone. Les phosphates d'amines sont également des additifs anti-usure qui peuvent être employés dans les compositions lubrifiantes selon l'invention. Toutefois, le phosphore apporté par ces additifs agit comme poison des systèmes catalytiques des automobiles car ces additifs sont générateurs de cendres. On peut minimiser ces effets en substituant partiellement les phosphates d'amines par des additifs n'apportant pas de phosphore, tels que, par exemple, les polysulfures, notamment les oléfines soufrées. In one embodiment, the lubricating composition may further comprise at least one anti-wear additive, at least one extreme pressure additive or their mixture. The anti-wear and extreme pressure additives protect the friction surfaces by forming a protective film adsorbed on these surfaces. There exists a a wide variety of anti-wear additives, but the most used category in lubricating compositions, especially for motor oil, is that of phosphosulfur additives such as metal alkylthiophosphates, in particular zinc alkylthiophosphates, and more specifically zinc dialkyldithiophosphates or ZnDTP. The preferred compounds have the formula Zn ((SP (S) (OR 4 ) (OR 5 )) 2, in which R 4 and R 5 , which may be identical or different, independently represent an alkyl group, preferably containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms. The amine phosphates are also anti-wear additives which can be used in the lubricating compositions according to the invention However, the phosphorus provided by these additives acts as a poison for the catalytic systems of automobiles because these additives are ash generators. These effects can be minimized by partially substituting amine phosphates with non-phosphorus additives, such as, for example, polysulfides, especially sulfur-containing olefins.
Dans un mode de réalisation, notamment pour une application moteur, les additifs anti-usure et extrême-pression peuvent être présents dans l'huile moteur à des teneurs allant de 0,01 à 6 % en masse, préférentiellement de 0,05 et 4%, préférentiellement de 0,1 % à 2% par rapport à la masse totale de l'huile moteur. Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la composition lubrifiante peut comprendre, en outre, au moins un modificateur de frottement supplémentaire différent du composé aminé de formule (I). L'additif modificateur de frottement supplémentaire peut être un composé apportant des éléments métalliques ou bien un composé sans cendres. Parmi les composés apportant des éléments métalliques, on peut citer les complexes de métaux de transition tels que Mo, Sb, Sn, Fe, Cu, Zn, dont les ligands peuvent être des composés hydrocarbonés contenant des atomes d'oxygène, azote, soufre ou phosphore. Les modificateurs de frottement sans cendres sont d'origine organique et peuvent être choisis parmi les monoesters d'acides gras et de polyols, les aminés alcoxylées, les aminés alcoxylées grasses, les époxydes gras, les époxydes gras de borate; les aminés grasses ou les esters de glycérol d'acide gras. Par « gras » ou « grasse(s) » on entend au sens de la présente invention un groupement hydrocarboné comprenant de 10 à 24 atomes de carbone. In one embodiment, in particular for a motor application, the anti-wear and extreme-pressure additives may be present in the motor oil at contents ranging from 0.01 to 6% by weight, preferably from 0.05 to 4%. %, preferably from 0.1% to 2% relative to the total mass of the engine oil. In one embodiment of the invention, the lubricating composition may further comprise at least one additional friction modifier different from the amine compound of formula (I). The additional friction modifying additive may be a compound providing metallic elements or a compound without ash. Among the compounds providing metal elements, mention may be made of transition metal complexes such as Mo, Sb, Sn, Fe, Cu, Zn, the ligands of which may be hydrocarbon compounds containing oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus. The ashless friction modifiers are of organic origin and may be selected from monoesters of fatty acids and polyols, alkoxylated amines, fatty alkoxylated amines, fatty epoxides, borate fatty epoxides; fatty amines or fatty acid glycerol esters. For the purposes of the present invention, the term "fatty" or "fatty (s)" is intended to mean a hydrocarbon group comprising from 10 to 24 carbon atoms.
Dans un mode de réalisation, l'additif modificateur de frottement supplémentaire peut être présent à des teneurs allant de 0,01 à 2 % en masse, préférentiellement de 0,1 à 1 ,5% dans la composition lubrifiante, par rapport à la masse totale de la composition lubrifiante. In one embodiment, the additional friction-modifying additive may be present at levels ranging from 0.01 to 2% by weight, preferentially from 0.1 to 1.5% in the lubricating composition, relative to the total mass of the lubricating composition.
Dans un mode de réalisation pour une application moteur, l'additif modificateur de frottement supplémentaire peut être présent dans l'huile moteur à des teneurs allant de 0,01 à 5 % en masse, préférentiellement de 0,1 à 2% dans des huiles moteur, par rapport à la masse totale de l'huile moteur.  In one embodiment for a motor application, the additional friction modifying additive may be present in the engine oil at contents ranging from 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 2% in oils. motor, relative to the total mass of the engine oil.
Dans un mode de réalisation, la composition lubrifiante peut comprendre, en outre, au moins un additif antioxydant supplémentaire différent du composé aminé de formule (I). Les additifs antioxydants retardent la dégradation des compositions lubrifiantes en service, notamment des huiles moteur en service, dégradation qui peut notamment se traduire par la formation de dépôts, la présence de boues, ou une augmentation de la viscosité de la composition lubrifiante, notamment de l'huile moteur. Les additifs antioxydants agissent notamment comme inhibiteurs radicalaires ou destructeurs d'hydropéroxydes. Parmi les antioxydants supplémentaires, on peut citer les antioxydants de type phénolique ou de type aminé, les antioxydants phosphosoufrés. Certains de ces antioxydants, par exemple les phosphosoufrés, peuvent être générateurs de cendres. Les antioxydants phénoliques peuvent être sans cendres, ou bien être sous forme de sels métalliques neutres ou basiques. In one embodiment, the lubricating composition may further comprise at least one additional antioxidant additive different from the amine compound of formula (I). The antioxidant additives retard the degradation of the lubricating compositions in service, in particular engine oils in service, which degradation may in particular result in the formation of deposits, the presence of sludge, or an increase in the viscosity of the lubricant composition, especially the engine oil. Antioxidant additives act in particular as radical inhibitors or destroyers of hydroperoxides. Additional antioxidants include antioxidants of phenolic or amine type, phosphosulfur antioxidants. Some of these antioxidants, for example phosphosulfides, can be ash generators. Phenolic antioxidants may be ashless, or may be in the form of neutral or basic metal salts.
Les agent antioxydants supplémentaires peuvent être notamment choisis parmi les phénols stériquement encombrés, les esters de phénol stériquement encombrés et les phénols stériquement encombrés comprenant un pont thioéther, les diphénylamines, les diphénylamines substituées par au moins un groupement alkyle en C1 -C12, les Ν,Ν' dialkyle aryle diamines et leurs combinaisons. Par phénol stériquement encombré, on entend au sens de la présente invention un composé comprenant un groupement phénol dont au moins un carbone vicinal du carbone portant la fonction alcool est substitué par au moins un groupement alkyle en C1 - C10, de préférence un groupement alkyle en C1 -C6, de préférence, un groupement alkyle en C4, de préférence par le groupement ter-butyle. Les composés aminés sont une autre classe d'antioxydants supplémentaires pouvant être utilisés, éventuellement en combinaison avec les antioxydants phénoliques. Des exemples typiques sont les aminés aromatiques, de formule R6R7 8N, dans laquelle R6 représente un groupement aliphatique ou un groupement aromatique éventuellement substitué, R7 représente un groupement aromatique éventuellement substitué, R8 représente un atome d'hydrogène, un groupement alkyle, un groupement aryle ou un groupement de formule R9S(0)zRio, où R9 représente un groupe alkylène ou un groupement alkenylène, Rio représente un groupe alkyle, un groupe alcényle ou un groupement aryle et z représente un nombre entier égal à 0, 1 ou 2. Des alkyl phénols sulfurisés ou leurs sels de métaux alcalins et alcalino terreux peuvent également être utilisés comme antioxydants supplémentaires. Une autre classe d'antioxydants supplémentaires est celle des composés cuivrés, par exemples les thio- ou dithiophosphates de cuivre, les sels de cuivre et d'acides carboxyliques, les dithiocarbamates, les sulphonates, les phénates, les acétylacétonates de cuivre. Les sels de cuivre I et II, d'acide ou d'anhydride succiniques peuvent également être utilisés. The additional antioxidant agents may especially be chosen from sterically hindered phenols, sterically hindered phenol esters and sterically hindered phenols comprising a thioether bridge, diphenylamines, diphenylamines substituted with at least one C 1 -C 12 alkyl group, and Dialkyl aryl diamines and combinations thereof. For the purposes of the present invention, sterically hindered phenol means a compound comprising a phenol group in which at least one vicinal carbon of the carbon carrying the alcohol function is substituted by at least one C 1 -C 10 alkyl group, preferably an alkyl group containing C1-C6, preferably a C4 alkyl group, preferably by the ter-butyl group. Amino compounds are another class of additional antioxidants that can be used, optionally in combination with phenolic antioxidants. Typical examples are aromatic amines of the formula R 6 R 78 N, in which R 6 represents an optionally substituted aliphatic group or aromatic group, R 7 represents an optionally substituted aromatic group, R 8 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a aryl group or a group of formula R 9 S (O) z R 10 , where R 9 represents an alkylene group or an alkenylene group, R 10 represents an alkyl group, an alkenyl group or an aryl group and z represents an integer equal to 0 , 1 or 2. Sulfurized alkyl phenols or their alkali and alkaline earth metal salts can also be used as additional antioxidants. Another class of additional antioxidants is copper compounds, for example copper thio- or dithiophosphates, copper and carboxylic acid salts, dithiocarbamates, sulphonates, phenates, copper acetylacetonates. Copper salts I and II, succinic acid or anhydride may also be used.
La composition lubrifiante selon l'invention peut contenir tous types d'additifs antioxydants supplémentaires connus de l'homme du métier. De manière avantageuse, les antioxydants sans cendres sont utilisés.  The lubricant composition according to the invention may contain any type of additional antioxidant additives known to those skilled in the art. Advantageously, the ashless antioxidants are used.
Dans un mode de réalisation, la composition lubrifiante selon l'invention peut comprendre de 0,5 à 2% d'au moins un additif antioxydant supplémentaire en poids par rapport à la masse totale de la composition lubrifiante.  In one embodiment, the lubricant composition according to the invention may comprise from 0.5 to 2% of at least one additional antioxidant additive by weight relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
Dans un mode de réalisation, la composition lubrifiante selon l'invention peut comprendre, en outre, un additif détergent. Les additifs détergents réduisent notamment la formation de dépôts à la surface des pièces métalliques par dissolution des produits secondaires d'oxydation et de combustion. Les détergents utilisables dans la composition lubrifiante selon l'invention sont bien connus de l'homme de métier. Les détergents communément utilisés dans la formulation de compositions lubrifiantes peuvent être des composés anioniques comportant une longue chaîne hydrocarbonée lipophile et une tête hydrophile. Le cation associé est typiquement un cation métallique d'un métal alcalin ou alcalino-terreux. Les détergents sont préférentiellement choisis parmi les sels de métaux alcalins ou alcalino-terreux d'acides carboxyliques, sulfonates, salicylates, naphténates, ainsi que les sels de phénates. Les métaux alcalins et alcalino-terreux sont préférentiellement le calcium, le magnésium, le sodium ou le baryum. Ces sels métalliques peuvent contenir le métal en quantité approximativement stœchiométrique ou bien en excès (en quantité supérieure à la quantité stcechiométrique). Dans ce dernier cas, ces détergents sont dits détergents surbasés. Le métal en excès, apportant le caractère surbasé au détergent, se présente sous la forme de sels métalliques insolubles dans l'huile, par exemple carbonate, hydroxyde, oxalate, acétate, glutamate, préférentiellement carbonate. Dans un mode de réalisation, la composition lubrifiante selon l'invention peut comprendre de 2 à 4% en poids de détergent, par rapport à la masse totale de la composition lubrifiante. In one embodiment, the lubricating composition according to the invention may further comprise a detergent additive. The detergent additives reduce in particular the formation of deposits on the surface of the metal parts by dissolving the secondary products of oxidation and combustion. The detergents that can be used in the lubricant composition according to the invention are well known to those skilled in the art. The detergents commonly used in the formulation of lubricating compositions may be anionic compounds having a long lipophilic hydrocarbon chain and a hydrophilic head. The associated cation is typically a metal cation of an alkali or alkaline earth metal. The detergents are preferably chosen from alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salts of carboxylic acids, sulphonates, salicylates and naphthenates, as well as the salts of phenates. The alkali and alkaline earth metals are preferably calcium, magnesium, sodium or barium. These metal salts may contain the metal in an approximately stoichiometric amount or in excess (in an amount greater than the stoichiometric amount). In the latter case, these detergents are called overbased detergents. The excess metal, bringing the overbased character to the detergent, is in the form of metal salts insoluble in the oil, for example carbonate, hydroxide, oxalate, acetate, glutamate, preferably carbonate. In one embodiment, the lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise from 2 to 4% by weight of detergent, relative to the total mass of the lubricating composition.
Dans un mode de réalisation, la composition lubrifiante peut comprendre en outre au moins un polymère améliorant l'indice de viscosité. Les polymères améliorant l'indice de viscosité permettent notamment de garantir une bonne tenue à froid et une viscosité minimale à haute température, pour formuler notamment des huiles moteur multigrades. On peut citer parmi ces composés les esters polymères, les oléfines copolymères (OCP), les homopolymères ou copolymères du styrène, du butadiène ou de l'isoprène, hydrogénés ou non, les polyméthacrylates (PMA). In one embodiment, the lubricating composition may further comprise at least one viscosity index improving polymer. In particular, the polymers improving the viscosity index make it possible to guarantee good cold strength and minimum viscosity at high temperature, in particular to formulate multi-grade motor oils. Among these compounds, mention may be made of polymeric esters, copolymer olefins (OCP), homopolymers or copolymers of styrene, butadiene or isoprene, hydrogenated or otherwise, polymethacrylates (PMA).
Dans un mode de réalisation, la composition lubrifiante selon l'invention peut comprendre de 1 à 15 % en masse de polymères améliorant l'indice de viscosité, par rapport à la masse totale de la composition lubrifiante. In one embodiment, the lubricant composition according to the invention may comprise from 1 to 15% by weight of viscosity index improving polymers, relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
Dans un mode de réalisation pour une application moteur, l'huile moteur selon l'invention comprend de 0,1 à 10 % en masse de polymères améliorant l'indice de viscosité, par rapport à la masse totale de l'huile moteur, de préférence de 0,5 à 5 %, préférentiellement de 1 à 2 %.  In one embodiment for a motor application, the engine oil according to the invention comprises from 0.1 to 10% by weight of polymers improving the viscosity index, with respect to the total mass of the engine oil, preferably from 0.5 to 5%, preferably from 1 to 2%.
Dans un mode de réalisation, la composition lubrifiante selon l'invention peut comprendre en outre au moins un additif abaisseur de point d'écoulement. Les additifs abaisseurs de point d'écoulement améliorent notamment le comportement à froid des compositions lubrifiantes, en ralentissant la formation de cristaux de paraffine. Comme exemple d'additifs abaisseurs de point d'écoulement, on peut citer les polyméthacrylates d'alkyle, des polyacrylates, des polyarylamides, des polyalkylphénols, des polyalkylnaphtalènes, des polystyrènes alkylés. In one embodiment, the lubricant composition according to the invention may further comprise at least one pour point depressant additive. The pour point depressant additives notably improve the cold behavior of the lubricating compositions, by slowing down the formation of paraffin crystals. As examples of pour point depressant additives, mention may be made of alkyl polymethacrylates, polyacrylates, polyarylamides, polyalkylphenols, polyalkylnaphthalenes and alkylated polystyrenes.
Dans un mode de réalisation, la composition lubrifiante selon l'invention peut comprendre, en outre, au moins un additif dispersant, de préférence anhydre. In one embodiment, the lubricant composition according to the invention may comprise, in addition, at least one dispersing additive, preferably anhydrous.
Les additifs dispersant peuvent être choisis dans les groupes formés par les succinimides ou les bases de Mannich. The dispersant additives may be selected from the groups formed by succinimides or Mannich bases.
Dans un mode de réalisation, la composition lubrifiante selon l'invention peut comprendre de 0,2 à 10 % en masse totale de dispersants, par rapport à la masse totale de la composition lubrifiante. L'invention a également pour objet une composition lubrifiante comprenant : In one embodiment, the lubricating composition according to the invention may comprise from 0.2 to 10% by total weight of dispersants, relative to the total mass of the lubricant composition. The subject of the invention is also a lubricating composition comprising:
de 50 à 99,9% en poids d'au moins une huile de base par rapport au poids de la composition lubrifiante,  from 50 to 99.9% by weight of at least one base oil relative to the weight of the lubricating composition,
- de 0,01 à 3% en poids d'au moins un composé aminé de formule (I) par rapport au poids de la composition lubrifiante.  from 0.01 to 3% by weight of at least one amine compound of formula (I) relative to the weight of the lubricating composition.
L'ensemble des caractéristiques et préférences présentées ci-dessus pour l'huile de base et le composé aminé de formule (I) s'applique également à la composition lubrifiante ci-dessus.  All the characteristics and preferences presented above for the base oil and the amino compound of formula (I) also apply to the above lubricant composition.
L'invention a également pour objet une composition lubrifiante consistant essentiellement en : The subject of the invention is also a lubricant composition consisting essentially of:
50 à 99,9% en poids d'au moins une huile de base par rapport au poids de la composition lubrifiante,  50 to 99.9% by weight of at least one base oil relative to the weight of the lubricant composition,
- 0,01 à 3% en poids d'au moins un composé aminé de formule (I) par rapport au poids total de la composition lubrifiante.  - 0.01 to 3% by weight of at least one amine compound of formula (I) relative to the total weight of the lubricating composition.
L'ensemble des caractéristiques et préférences présentées ci-dessus pour l'huile de base et le composé aminé de formule (I) s'applique également à la composition lubrifiante ci-dessus. All the characteristics and preferences presented above for the base oil and the amino compound of formula (I) also apply to the above lubricant composition.
L'invention a également pour objet une composition, de type concentré d'additifs, comprenant : The subject of the invention is also a composition, of the additive concentrate type, comprising:
de 5 à 20%, de préférence de 10 à 20% en poids d'au moins un composé aminé de formule (I) par rapport au poids de la composition,  from 5 to 20%, preferably from 10 to 20% by weight of at least one amine compound of formula (I) relative to the weight of the composition,
- de 80 à 95% en poids d'au moins un autre additif par rapport au poids total de la composition.  from 80 to 95% by weight of at least one other additive relative to the total weight of the composition.
L'ensemble des caractéristiques et préférences présentées pour le composé aminé de formule (I) et pour l'additif supplémentaire s'applique également à la composition lubrifiante ci-dessus.  The set of characteristics and preferences presented for the amino compound of formula (I) and for the additional additive also applies to the lubricant composition above.
Dans un mode de réalisation, l'invention concerne une composition comprenant : de 5 à 20%, de préférence de 10 à 20% en poids d'au moins un composé aminé de formule (I) par rapport au poids de la composition, de 80 à 95% en poids d'au moins un autre additif choisi parmi les additifs anti-usure, les additifs extrême pression, les modificateurs de frottement différents du composé aminé de formule (I), les polymères améliorant l'indice de viscosité, les améliorants de point d'écoulement, les dispersants anhydres, les anti-mousse, les épaississants et leurs mélanges, par rapport au poids de la composition. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a composition comprising: from 5 to 20%, preferably from 10 to 20% by weight, of at least one amine compound of formula (I) relative to the weight of the composition, from 80 to 95% by weight of at least one other additive chosen from antiwear additives, extreme pressure additives, friction modifiers different from the amine compound of formula (I), viscosity index improving polymers, pour point improvers, anhydrous dispersants, defoamers, thickeners and mixtures thereof, based on the weight of the composition.
De manière avantageuse, la composition selon l'invention telle que définie ci-dessus se présente sous la forme d'une composition concentrée en composé aminé de formule (I). Advantageously, the composition according to the invention as defined above is in the form of a concentrated composition of amino compound of formula (I).
Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, à la composition concentrée selon l'invention peut être ajoutée au moins une huile base pour obtenir une composition lubrifiante selon l'invention. Les pièces  In one embodiment of the invention, to the concentrated composition according to the invention can be added at least one base oil to obtain a lubricant composition according to the invention. Rooms
La composition lubrifiante selon l'invention peut lubrifier au moins une pièce mécanique ou un organe mécanique, notamment des roulements, des engrenages, des joints de cardan, des transmissions, le système pistons/segments/chemises, les arbres à came, l'embrayage, les boîtes de vitesse manuelles ou automatiques, les culbuteurs, les carters etc. The lubricant composition according to the invention can lubricate at least one mechanical part or a mechanical member, in particular bearings, gears, universal joints, transmissions, the piston / piston / sleeve system, the camshafts, the clutch , manual or automatic gearboxes, rockers, crankcases etc.
L'invention a également pour objet un procédé pour réduire les pertes d'énergie par frottement d'une pièce mécanique, ledit procédé comprenant au moins une étape de mise en contact d'une pièce mécanique avec une composition lubrifiante selon l'invention. The invention also relates to a method for reducing the energy losses by friction of a mechanical part, said method comprising at least one step of contacting a mechanical part with a lubricant composition according to the invention.
L'ensemble des caractéristiques et préférences présentées pour la composition lubrifiante s'applique également au procédé pour réduire les pertes d'énergie par frottement d'une pièce mécanique selon l'invention. The set of characteristics and preferences presented for the lubricant composition also applies to the method for reducing the energy losses by friction of a mechanical part according to the invention.
L'invention a également pour objet un procédé pour réduire la consommation de carburant d'un véhicule, le procédé comprenant au moins une étape de mise en contact d'une composition lubrifiante selon l'invention avec au moins une pièce mécanique du moteur du véhicule. Dans un mode de réalisation, l'invention concerne un procédé pour réduire la consommation de carburant d'un véhicule, notamment d'un véhicule ne circulant qu'en milieu urbain ou d'un véhicule disposant d'un système d'arrêt et de démarrage automatique dénommé système "Stop and Start". L'ensemble des caractéristiques et préférences présentées pour la composition lubrifiante s'applique également au procédé pour réduire la consommation de carburant d'un véhicule selon l'invention. The invention also relates to a method for reducing the fuel consumption of a vehicle, the method comprising at least one step of contacting a lubricant composition according to the invention with at least one mechanical part of the engine of the vehicle . In one embodiment, the invention relates to a method for reducing the fuel consumption of a vehicle, in particular a vehicle traveling in an urban environment or a vehicle having a stop and go system. automatic start called "Stop and Start" system. The set of characteristics and preferences presented for the lubricant composition also applies to the process for reducing the fuel consumption of a vehicle according to the invention.
L'invention a également pour objet l'utilisation d'une composition lubrifiante selon l'invention pour réduire la consommation de carburant de véhicules. Dans un mode de réalisation, l'invention concerne l'utilisation d'une composition lubrifiante pour réduire la consommation de carburant de véhicules à froid, notamment de véhicules ne circulant qu'en milieu urbain ou de véhicules disposant d'un système d'arrêt et de démarrage automatique dénommé système "Stop and Start". L'ensemble des caractéristiques et préférences présentées pour la composition lubrifiante s'applique également à l'utilisation pour réduire la consommation de carburant de véhicules selon l'invention. The invention also relates to the use of a lubricant composition according to the invention for reducing the fuel consumption of vehicles. In one embodiment, the invention relates to the use of a lubricating composition for reducing the fuel consumption of cold vehicles, in particular vehicles traveling only in urban areas or vehicles having an arresting system. and automatic start called "Stop and Start" system. The set of characteristics and preferences presented for the lubricant composition also applies to the use to reduce the fuel consumption of vehicles according to the invention.
Les véhicules peuvent comprendre un moteur à combustion interne à deux ou quatre temps. Les moteurs peuvent être des moteurs à essence ou des moteurs diesel destinés à être alimentés par de l'essence ou du diesel classique. Par « essence classique » ou par « diesel classique », on entend au sens de la présente invention des moteurs qui sont alimentés par un carburant obtenu après raffinage d'une huile d'origine minérale (tel que le pétrole par exemple). Les moteurs peuvent aussi être des moteurs à essence ou des moteurs à diesel modifiés pour être alimentés par un carburant à base d'huiles issues de matières renouvelables telles que les carburants à base d'alcool ou le carburant biodiesel. The vehicles may include a two or four stroke internal combustion engine. The engines may be gasoline engines or diesel engines intended to be powered by gasoline or conventional diesel. For the purposes of the present invention, the term "conventional gasoline" or "conventional diesel" means engines which are powered by a fuel obtained after refining an oil of mineral origin (such as oil for example). The engines may also be gasoline engines or diesel engines modified to be powered by a fuel based on oils derived from renewable materials such as alcohol-based fuels or biodiesel fuel.
Les véhicules peuvent être des véhicules légers tels que des automobiles et des motos. Les véhicules peuvent également être des poids lourds, des engins de travaux, des navires. The vehicles may be light vehicles such as automobiles and motorcycles. Vehicles can also be heavy trucks, construction machinery, ships.
L'invention a également pour objet l'utilisation d'une composition lubrifiante selon l'invention pour réduire les pertes d'énergie par frottement d'une pièce métallique, préférentiellement dans les roulements, les engrenages ou les joints de cardan. L'ensemble des caractéristiques et préférences présentées pour la composition lubrifiante s'applique également à l'utilisation pour réduire les pertes d'énergie par frottement d'une pièce métallique selon l'invention. The invention also relates to the use of a lubricant composition according to the invention for reducing the energy losses by friction of a metal part, preferably in bearings, gears or universal joints. The set of characteristics and preferences presented for the lubricant composition also applies to the use to reduce frictional energy losses of a metal part according to the invention.
L'invention a également pour objet un procédé pour réduire l'oxydation d'une composition lubrifiante comprenant l'ajout d'un composé de formule (I) dans ladite composition lubrifiante. The invention also relates to a process for reducing the oxidation of a lubricating composition comprising the addition of a compound of formula (I) in said lubricant composition.
L'ensemble des caractéristiques et préférences présentées pour le composé aminé de formule (I) s'applique au procédé pour réduire l'oxydation d'une composition lubrifiante selon l'invention. Les différents objets de la présente invention et leurs mises en œuvre seront mieux compris à la lecture des exemples qui suivent. Ces exemples sont donnés à titre indicatif, sans caractère limitatif. The set of characteristics and preferences presented for the amino compound of formula (I) applies to the process for reducing the oxidation of a lubricating composition according to the invention. The various objects of the present invention and their implementations will be better understood on reading the examples which follow. These examples are given for information only, and are not limiting in nature.
Exemple 1 : évaluation des propriétés anti-oxydantes de compositions lubrifiantes selon l'invention Example 1 Evaluation of the Antioxidant Properties of Lubricating Compositions According to the Invention
Il s'agit d'évaluer les propriétés anti-oxydantes de compositions lubrifiantes selon l'invention, soumises à une température élevée et en présence d'un sel métallique en tant que catalyseur, sur la base de la méthode ci-dessous :  It is a question of evaluating the antioxidant properties of lubricating compositions according to the invention, subjected to a high temperature and in the presence of a metal salt as a catalyst, on the basis of the method below:
Une composition lubrifiante témoin a été préparée selon le tableau I ; les pourcentages indiqués sont des pourcentages massiques. A control lubricant composition was prepared according to Table I; the percentages given are percentages by mass.
Tableau I Table I
On a préparé une composition B (comparatif) comprenant un anti-oxydant de type amine aromatique et une composition C (selon l'invention) selon le tableau II ; les pourcentages indiqués sont des pourcentages massiques. A composition B (comparative) comprising an aromatic amine antioxidant and a composition C (according to the invention) according to Table II was prepared; the percentages given are percentages by mass.
Tableau I I Table I I
Les propriétés anti-oxydantes ont été évaluées selon le procédé suivant : The antioxidant properties were evaluated according to the following method:
Chaque composition, dans une quantité de 27g, a été maintenue à une température de 170°C en présence d'un catalyseur métallique de formule Ci5H25Fe06 dilué dans du chloroforme, et sous un flux d'air ayant un débit de 10 litres par heure. Each composition, in an amount of 27 g, was maintained at a temperature of 170 ° C in the presence of a metal catalyst of the formula Ci 5 H 25 FeO 6 diluted in chloroform, and under a flow of air having a flow rate of 10 liters per hour.
La durée du test était de 96h. The duration of the test was 96h.
Différentes quantités de catalyseur métallique ont été utilisées, correspondant : Different amounts of metal catalyst were used, corresponding:
- à une quantité de fer de 40ppm, - à une quantité de fer de 60ppm, - at a quantity of iron of 40ppm, - at a quantity of iron of 60ppm,
- à une quantité de fer de 80ppm. - an amount of iron of 80ppm.
L'oxydation de chaque composition a été évaluée par mesure de l'accroissement de viscosité cinématique KV à 40°C selon la méthode normalisée ASTM D445. The oxidation of each composition was evaluated by measuring the kinematic viscosity increase KV at 40 ° C according to the ASTM D445 standard method.
Les résultats sont présentés dans le tableau III et représentent le RKV, i.e. le rapport (viscosité cinématique avant test à 40°C/ viscosité cinématique après test à 40°C)x100 Tableau III The results are shown in Table III and represent the RKV, ie the ratio (kinematic viscosity before test at 40 ° C / kinematic viscosity after test at 40 ° C.) × 100 Table III
Les résultats montrent que la présence d'un composé aminé selon l'invention dans une composition lubrifiante permet d'améliorer très significativement les propriétés anti-oxydantes de la composition. The results show that the presence of an amino compound according to the invention in a lubricating composition makes it possible to very significantly improve the antioxidant properties of the composition.
Il est à noter que les propriétés anti-oxydantes d'une composition lubrifiante selon l'invention sont équivalentes, voire meilleures que celles d'une composition lubrifiante comprenant un anti-oxydant usuel de type amine aromatique, ceci d'autant plus avec une teneur en composé aminé selon l'invention plus faible que la teneur en anti-oxydant de type amine aromatique It should be noted that the antioxidant properties of a lubricating composition according to the invention are equivalent to, or better than those of a lubricating composition comprising a conventional antioxidant aromatic amine type, this all the more with a content in amine compound according to the invention lower than the aromatic amine antioxidant content
Il est à noter que les compositions lubrifiantes selon l'invention conservent de bonnes propriétés anti-oxydantes dans des conditions d'oxydation sévérisées (i.e. correspondant à une teneur en fer de 80ppm). It should be noted that the lubricant compositions according to the invention retain good antioxidant properties under severe oxidation conditions (i.e. corresponding to an iron content of 80 ppm).
Exemple 2 : évaluation du coefficient de frottement de compositions lubrifiantes selon l'invention Example 2 Evaluation of the Coefficient of Friction of Lubricating Compositions According to the Invention
Une composition lubrifiante D (comparatif) a été préparée selon le tableau IV ; les pourcentages indiqués sont des pourcentages massiques.  A lubricating composition D (comparative) was prepared according to Table IV; the percentages given are percentages by mass.
Tableau IV  Table IV
Le coefficient de frottement de chaque composition a été évalué par un essai laboratoire Cameron Plint Frottement à l'aide d'un tribomètre alternatif de type Cameron-Plint TE-77. Le banc d'essai est constitué d'un tribomètre cylindre/plan immergé dans la composition lubrifiante à tester. Le coefficient de frottement est suivi au cours de l'essai par la mesure de l'effort tangentiel sur l'effort normal. Un cylindre (SKF 100C6) de longueur 10mm et de diamètre 7mm est appliqué sur le plan en acier en immersion dans la composition lubrifiante à tester, la température de la composition lubrifiante est fixée à chaque essai. On applique un mouvement alternatif sinusoïdal avec une fréquence définie. Chaque essai dure 100 secondes. Plusieurs niveaux de charge ont été étudiés; 52N, 1 13N, 1 15N, 255N, 257N et 258N. The coefficient of friction of each composition was evaluated by a Cameron Plint Laboratory Scratch Test using a Cameron-Plint TE-77 alternative tribometer. The test bench consists of a cylinder / plane tribometer immersed in the lubricant composition to be tested. The coefficient of friction is monitored during the test by measuring the tangential force on the normal force. A cylinder (SKF 100C6) of length 10 mm and diameter 7 mm is applied to the steel plane immersed in the lubricant composition to be tested, the temperature of the lubricant composition is fixed at each test. A sinusoidal reciprocating motion is applied with a defined frequency. Each test lasts 100 seconds. Several load levels have been studied; 52N, 131N, 115N, 255N, 257N and 258N.
Les valeurs du coefficient de frottement prises à différentes températures, charges et fréquences et pour chacune des compositions A, C et D sont indiquées dans le tableau IV. The values of the coefficient of friction taken at different temperatures, charges and frequencies and for each of compositions A, C and D are shown in Table IV.
Tableau IV Table IV
Les résultats montrent qu'un composé aminé selon l'invention possède des propriétés anti-frottement. Les résultats montrent également qu'une composition lubrifiante selon l'invention (composition C) permet d'obtenir des coefficients de frottement équivalents voire inférieurs à ceux d'une composition lubrifiante comprenant un modificateur de frottement usuel (composition D). The results show that an amino compound according to the invention has anti-friction properties. The results also show that a lubricant composition according to the invention (composition C) makes it possible to obtain coefficients of friction equivalent to or even lower than those of a lubricant composition comprising a usual friction modifier (composition D).
Ainsi, sur la base des résultats ci-dessus, il peut être raisonnablement envisagé qu'une composition lubrifiante selon l'invention pourrait permettre d'obtenir des gains de consommation de carburant au moins équivalents, voire supérieurs à ceux obtenus avec une composition lubrifiante comprenant un modificateur de frottement usuel, notamment pour une utilisation à froid d'un véhicule. Thus, on the basis of the above results, it can be reasonably envisaged that a lubricating composition according to the invention could make it possible to obtain fuel consumption gains at least equivalent to or even greater than those obtained with a lubricant composition comprising a conventional friction modifier, especially for a cold use of a vehicle.

Claims

Revendications claims
Composition lubrifiante comprenant au moins une huile de base et au moins un composé aminé de formule (I) Lubricating composition comprising at least one base oil and at least one amine compound of formula (I)
dans laquelle : in which :
• M représente un cation hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium ou ammonium ;  M represents a hydronium, sodium, potassium, lithium or ammonium cation;
• Ri représente un atome d'hydrogène ou un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 1 à 30 atomes de carbone ;  R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 30 carbon atoms;
• R2 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 20 atomes de carbone ; R 2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
• R3 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 20 atomes de carbone ; R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms;
• n représente 2, 3, 4, 5 ou 6.  • n represents 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.
Composition lubrifiante selon la revendication 1 dans laquelle : Lubricating composition according to Claim 1, in which:
• M représente un cation sodium ;  M represents a sodium cation;
• Ri représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 5 à 20 atomes de carbone, de préférence de 9 à 15 atomes de carbone ;  R 1 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 5 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 9 to 15 carbon atoms;
• R2 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 5 atomes de carbone ; R 2 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 5 carbon atoms;
• R3 représente un groupement alkyle, linéaire ou ramifié, comprenant de 2 à 5 atomes de carbone ; R 3 represents a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 2 to 5 carbon atoms;
• n représente 2, 3 ou 4. • n represents 2, 3 or 4.
3. Composition selon la revendication 1 ou 2 dans laquelle Ri représente un groupement alkyle linéaire comprenant de 5 à 20 atomes de carbone, de préférence de 9 à 15 atomes de carbone. 3. Composition according to claim 1 or 2 wherein R 1 represents a linear alkyl group comprising from 5 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably from 9 to 15 carbon atoms.
4. Composition lubrifiante selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3 comprenant un composé aminé de formule (la) : 4. Lubricating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 comprising an amino compound of formula (Ia):
(la)  (the)
5. Composition lubrifiante selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes dans laquelle la teneur en poids de composé aminé de formule (I) ou (la) va de 0,01 à 3%, de préférence de 0,5 à 2% par rapport au poids total de la composition. 5. Lubricating composition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the content by weight of amine compound of formula (I) or (la) ranges from 0.01 to 3%, preferably from 0.5 to 2% relative to to the total weight of the composition.
Composition lubrifiante selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes comprenant en outre au moins un additif choisi parmi les détergents, les additifs anti-usure, les additifs extrême pression, les antioxydants supplémentaires, les polymères améliorant l'indice de viscosité, les améliorants de point d'écoulement, les anti-mousse, les épaississants et leurs mélanges. A lubricating composition according to any one of the preceding claims further comprising at least one additive selected from detergents, anti-wear additives, extreme pressure additives, additional antioxidants, viscosity index improving polymers, point improvers flow, antifoams, thickeners and mixtures thereof.
7. Huile moteur comprenant une composition lubrifiante selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6. An engine oil comprising a lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. Huile transmission comprenant une composition lubrifiante selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6. A transmission oil comprising a lubricating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
Utilisation d'une composition lubrifiante selon l'une quelconque revendications 1 à 6 pour réduire la consommation de carburant véhicules. Use of a lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for reducing vehicle fuel consumption.
10. Procédé de réduction des pertes d'énergie par frottement d'une pièce mécanique comprenant au moins une étape de mise en contact d'une pièce mécanique avec une composition lubrifiante selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6. 10. A method of reducing energy losses by friction of a mechanical part comprising at least one step of contacting a part mechanical system with a lubricating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
1 1 . Procédé pour réduire la consommation de carburant d'un véhicule comprenant au moins une étape de mise en contact d'une pièce mécanique du moteur du véhicule avec une composition lubrifiante selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6. 1 1. A method for reducing the fuel consumption of a vehicle comprising at least one step of contacting a mechanical part of the vehicle engine with a lubricant composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
12. Utilisation d'un composé aminé de formule (I) tel que défini dans l'une des revendications 1 à 4 comme agent anti-oxydant dans une composition lubrifiante. 12. Use of an amino compound of formula (I) as defined in one of claims 1 to 4 as an antioxidant in a lubricant composition.
13. Utilisation d'un composé aminé de formule (I) tel que défini dans l'une des revendications 1 à 4 comme modificateur de frottement dans une composition lubrifiante. 13. Use of an amino compound of formula (I) as defined in one of claims 1 to 4 as a friction modifier in a lubricant composition.
14. Procédé pour réduire l'oxydation d'une composition lubrifiante comprenant l'ajout d'un composé aminé de formule (I) tel que défini dans l'une des revendications 1 à 4 dans ladite composition lubrifiante 14. Process for reducing the oxidation of a lubricating composition comprising the addition of an amine compound of formula (I) as defined in one of claims 1 to 4 in said lubricant composition
EP14707117.9A 2013-02-19 2014-02-18 Lubricating composition based on aminated compounds Withdrawn EP2958980A1 (en)

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WO2016060915A1 (en) 2014-10-16 2016-04-21 Dow Global Technologies Llc Fatty amine ethoxylate in polyalkylene glycol based engine oils
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US4505835A (en) 1983-08-31 1985-03-19 Texaco Inc. Lubricant oil composition containing a friction modifier
FR2852831B1 (en) * 2003-03-25 2008-04-11 Oreal COLORING COMPOSITION FOR KERATINOUS FIBERS COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE POLYCARBOXYLIC ACID OR SALT, COMPOSITION READY FOR USE INCLUDING THE SAME, PROCESS FOR CARRYING OUT THE METHOD AND DEVICE

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JP2016506996A (en) 2016-03-07
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