EP2957110B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erzeugung von eingangssignalen für ein klangwiedergabesystem - Google Patents

Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erzeugung von eingangssignalen für ein klangwiedergabesystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2957110B1
EP2957110B1 EP14710015.0A EP14710015A EP2957110B1 EP 2957110 B1 EP2957110 B1 EP 2957110B1 EP 14710015 A EP14710015 A EP 14710015A EP 2957110 B1 EP2957110 B1 EP 2957110B1
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Prior art keywords
loudspeakers
sound
sets
loudspeaker
plane
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2957110A1 (de
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Khoa-Van NGUYEN
Etienne Corteel
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Sonic Emotion Labs
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Sonic Emotion Labs
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S1/00—Two-channel systems
    • H04S1/002—Non-adaptive circuits, e.g. manually adjustable or static, for enhancing the sound image or the spatial distribution
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R3/04—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for correcting frequency response
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S2420/00—Techniques used stereophonic systems covered by H04S but not provided for in its groups
    • H04S2420/01—Enhancing the perception of the sound image or of the spatial distribution using head related transfer functions [HRTF's] or equivalents thereof, e.g. interaural time difference [ITD] or interaural level difference [ILD]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S3/00—Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic
    • H04S3/002—Non-adaptive circuits, e.g. manually adjustable or static, for enhancing the sound image or the spatial distribution

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the general field of acoustic processing and spatialization of sounds.
  • It relates more particularly to a method of sound reproduction based on a transaural technique.
  • the invention applies for example in a restricted space, such as for example in a passenger compartment of a car or of another vehicle (eg an airplane) equipped with at least two pairs of loudspeakers, in order to reproduce a wide stereophonic sound scene (ie spatialized) around two known listening positions to which listeners are likely to find themselves.
  • a restricted space such as for example in a passenger compartment of a car or of another vehicle (eg an airplane) equipped with at least two pairs of loudspeakers, in order to reproduce a wide stereophonic sound scene (ie spatialized) around two known listening positions to which listeners are likely to find themselves.
  • these two positions are for example the position of the driver of the car and that of his passenger.
  • the invention is however not limited to this single application, and can easily be applied to other sound environments having a similar speaker configuration and in which two different listening positions are aimed.
  • Transaural techniques aim to adapt binaural synthesis to a speaker device.
  • CTCs cross-cycle cancellation techniques
  • echo cancellation In other words, the sound signal emitted by the right speaker on the left ear, and the sound signal emitted by the left speaker on the right ear are eliminated or at least reduced by an appropriate signal processing.
  • the figure 1 illustrates the system envisaged in D1: N sound programs (ie, N multichannel sound signals) are used to generate M signals supplying respectively M loudspeakers of a playback system intended for L / 2 listeners (in other words, L human ears) .
  • the processing for generating the M power signals of the loudspeakers from the N sound programs is a cross-path cancellation process.
  • the matrices X and Z are known: in fact, the matrix Z characterizes the desired sound reproduction at the level of the listeners while the matrix X is measurable. We therefore seek a processing matrix Y satisfying equation (1).
  • D1 The technique proposed in D1 is general and is theoretically suitable for any values of N, M and L.
  • the document EP 1 370 115 A2 describes a device similar to that of D1 for rendering a signal to two listeners simultaneously using four loudspeakers.
  • the invention responds in particular to this need by proposing a method of generating power supply signals intended for a sound reproduction system comprising two sets of loudspeakers situated on either side of a separation plane, these signaling signals.
  • power supply being generated for sound reproduction of a multichannel sound signal to two spatial listening positions, each listening space position being associated with one of the speaker sets and being located on a parallel plane to the separation plane so that at least one loudspeaker of this set is positioned on either side of this parallel plane
  • the generation method comprising, for each set of loudspeakers, a generating step, to from an input signal derived from the multichannel sound signal for this set, supply signals for supplying the loudspeakers of this set, this generation step comprising the applicati one of a technique of transaural restitution to the input signal, this technique creating a virtual sound source for the listening position associated with the set on a first line obtained by symmetry, with respect to the parallel plane on which is located the listening space position associated with this set of a second straight connecting the listening space position
  • the invention also provides a device for generating supply signals intended for a sound reproduction system comprising two sets of loudspeakers located on either side of a separation plane, said signals being generated for a sound reproduction of a multichannel sound signal to two spatial listening positions, each listening spatial position being associated with one of the speaker sets and being located on a plane parallel to the separation plane so that at least one loudspeaker of this set is positioned on either side of this parallel plane, this generation device comprising means able to generate for each set of loudspeakers, from a signal of input derived from the multichannel sound signal for this set, power signals for supplying the speakers of this set, these means being able to apply a technique of restitution tra nsaural to the input signal, this technique creating a virtual sound source for the listening position associated with the set on a first straight line obtained by symmetry, with respect to the parallel plane on which is located the listening spatial position associated with this set of a second straight connecting the listening space position to the speaker more distant from this position belonging to the other set
  • the loudspeakers of the two sets of speakers of the rendering system can be mounted in or on two disjoint physical entities, or alternatively, on the same physical entity but separated by a "virtual" vertical plane called separation.
  • each listening position is in the frontal area of the speakers of the set with which it is associated.
  • the invention allows a spatialized sound reproduction of a multichannel sound signal, from a speaker array comprising at least two sets of speakers, and simultaneously for two listening positions defined respectively with respect to these two sets of speakers.
  • These listening positions are not necessarily punctual: they may indeed be actual listening zones, in which case the listening position on a plane parallel to the separation plane means that the geometric center of this listening position is on the parallel plane.
  • These listening spatial zones are preferentially defined by a radius around the geometric center of less than 15-20 cm.
  • Each set of speakers of the reproduction system envisaged for the sound reproduction of the multichannel signal thus comprises a loudspeaker on either side of the parallel plane on which the listening position is located.
  • the listening position is for example centered with respect to the set of speakers to which it is attached.
  • the invention advantageously proposes to treat separately each set of speakers and the listening position attached thereto.
  • a separate transaural technique is used for each set of speakers to generate the speaker power signals of this set.
  • This transaural technique is implemented according to the invention, so as to create a virtual source outside the speaker array, in the opposite direction with respect to the listening position associated with the set of loudspeakers. considered, to the speaker of the network farthest from this position (and belonging to the other set of speakers).
  • the invention combines, on the one hand, the advantages of a transaural reproduction applied to a small number of loudspeakers (resulting from the separate treatment performed on each set of loudspeakers), and on the other hand, the precedence principle or law of the first wavefront, well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the location of a sound object is given by the direction from which the sound comes first to the ear (i.e. first wavefront).
  • the invention returns, according to this example, to spatialize the left part of the sound stage (given by the left channel of the stereo signal) for the listening position to the left of the separation plane (called left listening position) and to spatialize the right part of the sound stage (given by the right channel of the stereo signal) for the listening position to the right of the separation plane, (the right listening position), the right part of the sound stage being then naturally given for the left listening position by the position of the set of speakers located to the right of it, and the left part of the sound stage being naturally given for the right listening position by the position of all speakers located to the left of it.
  • the matrices to be reversed in the transaural techniques implemented according to the invention are in fact of reduced dimensions (2x2 matrices in the example envisaged above), since they are limited to each set of speakers. In this way, they suffer little or nothing from the disadvantages of the state of the art (matrices of large dimensions difficult to reverse and poorly conditioned).
  • the rendering technique proposed by the invention is thus more robust to the environment of the rendering system.
  • the sound reproduction proposed by the invention is less sensitive to the so-called "sweet-spot" phenomenon that the sound reproduction proposed in D1.
  • the "sweet-spot" defines an ideal listening area for which the sound reproduction is designed and optimized: this ideal listening area generally corresponds to a single position in the center of the device.
  • a listener placed at a listening position associated with a set of loudspeakers, and which is thereby outside the "sweet-spot" of the associated rendering technique to the other set of speakers and the other listening position, does not hear any unwanted spatialization effect. It only hears a coloring effect of the input signal reproduced by the other set of speakers, but it is perceived on distant speakers (ie on the speakers of the other set of loudspeakers). speakers).
  • the loudspeakers of the two sets of restitution are substantially aligned on a horizontal axis of the rendering system.
  • Such a configuration of speakers has a preferred application in a small space such as a car interior for example.
  • the virtual source is preferentially created at the intersection of the first line and the horizontal axis of the rendering system, so as to optimize the spatial reproduction of the signal. multichannel sound.
  • the generation method further comprises a spectral equalization step during which, for each supply signal intended to supply a loudspeaker, an equalization filter adapted to this particular signal is applied individually. loud speaker.
  • This spectral equalization advantageously makes it possible to take into account the environment in which the rendering system is located.
  • the rendering system In general, and more specifically when the rendering system is in a closed environment such as for example the passenger compartment of a car, it is to be expected that the timbre of the multichannel sound signal reproduced will not be identical to the two listening positions. Spectral equalization can be implemented to correct this effect. At the same time, for each listening position, it corrects the staining effect due to the transaural technique applied to the set of speakers opposite to the listening position.
  • each equalization filter adapted to a loudspeaker is chosen so as to obtain an amplitude spectrum of a frequency response established for this loudspeaker from measurements made in a soundproof environment, in accordance with a first predetermined target spectrum (eg flat amplitude spectrum).
  • a first predetermined target spectrum eg flat amplitude spectrum
  • the application of this first criterion aims to individually correct the defects of each speaker, and reduce the differences that may appear between them.
  • the equalization aims to harmonize the amplitude spectra of the frequency responses of the different loudspeakers.
  • the equalization filters are chosen so as to obtain an average amplitude spectrum evaluated from the impulse responses of the loudspeakers of the sets of the rendering system, according to a second predetermined target spectrum.
  • This second criterion aims at a global average equalization of all the power supply signals of the loudspeakers, for example to improve the tone (or coloration) of the restored signal.
  • the generation method further comprises a step of spatial analysis of the multichannel sound signal comprising the extraction of at least one sound object and the determination of a spatial position of this sound object, each signal input device used to generate the speaker power signals of a set of loudspeakers being developed from at least one sound object extracted during this spatial analysis step and selected according to its position space relative to the separation plane.
  • the invention makes it possible to process any multichannel sound signal and to optimize the rendering of this sound signal, by extracting sound objects from this system.
  • the rendering system further comprises a third set of loudspeakers, at least one loudspeaker of this third set being placed on either side of the separation plane.
  • This third set of speakers makes it possible to reproduce the sound objects of the multichannel signal whose spatial position determined during the spatial analysis step is in the center.
  • each set of speakers of the rendering system comprises a pair of loudspeakers.
  • the various steps of the generation method are determined by instructions of computer programs or microprocessors.
  • the invention also relates to a computer or microprocessor program on an information carrier, this program being capable of being implemented in a generation device or more generally in a computer or by a microprocessor, this program comprising instructions adapted to the implementation of the steps of a generation method as described above.
  • This program can use any programming language, and be in the form of source code, object code, or intermediate code between source code and object code, such as in a partially compiled form, or in any other form desirable shape.
  • the invention also relates to a computer-readable information medium, comprising instructions of a computer program as mentioned above.
  • the information carrier may be any entity or device capable of storing the program.
  • the medium may comprise storage means, such as a ROM, for example a CD ROM or a microelectronic circuit ROM, or a magnetic recording medium, for example a diskette (floppy disc) or a disk hard.
  • the information medium may be a transmissible medium such as an electrical or optical signal, which may be conveyed via an electrical or optical cable, by radio or by other means.
  • the program according to the invention can be downloaded in particular on an Internet type network.
  • the information carrier may be an integrated circuit in which the program is incorporated, the circuit being adapted to execute or to be used in the execution of the method in question.
  • the sound reproduction system comprises at least two sets of loudspeakers located in a front plane with respect to the listening positions and at least two sets of speakers located in a rear plane with respect to the listening positions.
  • This embodiment is particularly well suited to the rendering of multichannel signals comprising rear signals, for example signals having a 5.1 format.
  • the generation method, the generation device and the system according to the invention present in combination all or part of the aforementioned characteristics.
  • FIG. figure 2 it is envisaged, as illustrated schematically in FIG. figure 2 , the reproduction of a multi-channel sound signal S via a reproduction system 1 according to the invention, comprising a plurality of sets of loudspeakers E1,..., EN, (N greater than or equal to 2), and a device 2 for generating power signals to these sets of loudspeakers, according to the invention.
  • Each set of loudspeakers includes at least one pair of loudspeakers and is associated with a determined listening position, this listening position being centered here with respect to this set of loudspeakers, so that at least a loudspeaker of the set is located on both sides of the listening position.
  • the loudspeakers of each set are positioned on either side of a vertical plane passing through the listening position and parallel to a vertical separation plane situated between the two sets of loudspeakers.
  • each listening position is centered relative to the set of speakers with which it is associated is not limiting in itself: the speakers of a set of speakers can be arranged asymmetrically with respect to the listening position.
  • the sets of speakers E1, ..., EN can be mounted on separate physical entities or on the contrary on the same entity while delimiting different areas of space.
  • the generation device 2 is not necessarily located on the same physical entity as the speaker sets.
  • the generation device 2 has the hardware architecture of a computer, as schematically illustrated in FIG. figure 3 .
  • a processor 3 a read-only memory 4, a random access memory 5, a non-volatile memory 6 and communication means 7, on the one hand, with a source supplying it with the multichannel sound signal S (not shown on FIG. figure 2 and on the other hand, with the loudspeakers of the loudspeaker assemblies E1,..., EN to which the generating device 2 supplies the power signals which it has generated.
  • These communication means may be for example wired communication means, or alternatively, wireless communication means using WiFI (Wireless FIdelity) for example or Bluetooth TM.
  • the read-only memory 4 of the generation device 2 constitutes a recording medium in accordance with the invention, readable by the processor 3 and on which is recorded a computer program according to the invention, comprising instructions for the execution of the steps of a generation method according to the invention described later with reference to the Figures 5 and 9 , in different particular embodiments.
  • This computer program defines, in an equivalent way, functional modules of the generation device 2 (ie module of generation, generation module and if appropriate sound signal analysis module S and equalization).
  • a system of reproduction 1 'of a stereo signal S' comprising two sets of loudspeakers E1 'and E2', each set comprising a pair of loudspeakers (H11 ', H12' for the set E1 'and H21' , H22 'for the set E2').
  • the two sets E1 'and E2' are located on either side of a vertical separation plane D '.
  • the vertical separation plane D ' defines a plane of symmetry for the two sets of speakers E1' and E2 '.
  • the loudspeakers H11 ', H12', H21 ', H22' are, in the example illustrated in FIG. figure 4 , aligned or substantially aligned on the same horizontal axis ⁇ 'of the rendering system.
  • the invention is however not limited to such an aligned configuration of the loudspeakers.
  • the loudspeakers H11 'and H22' may be on the axis ⁇ 'while H12' is positioned above the axis ⁇ 'and H21' below, and so on.
  • Each set of speakers E1 ', E2' is positioned facing a privileged listening position P1 ', P2'. These listening positions are located on vertical planes L1 'and L2' respectively, which are parallel to the separation plane D '.
  • the listening positions P1 'and P2' are not necessarily one-off.
  • P1 'and P2' are located on a plane parallel to the separation plane since their geometric center is located on this parallel plane.
  • the listening position P1 ' is centered with respect to the set of loudspeakers E1', in other words, the plane L1 'is a median plane of the set of loudspeakers E1', orthogonal to the axis ⁇ .
  • the listening position P2 ' is centered relative to the set of speakers E2', in other words, the plane L2 'is a median plane of the set of loudspeakers E2', orthogonal to the speaker. 'axis ⁇ '.
  • the listeners i.e. listening positions
  • the loudspeakers are placed symmetrically with respect to the separation plane D '.
  • the signal S ' is a stereo signal composed of two left and right channels, denoted respectively SL' and SR '.
  • the generating device 2' On receiving the sound signal S ', the generating device 2' implements a spatial analysis of this signal (step E10), in order to identify the components (ie sound objects) of this signal intended to be restored on the different sets of speakers.
  • the sound signal S ' being a stereo signal in the example envisaged at the figure 4 , this spatial analysis is limited here to associate the first set of speakers E1 'located to the left of the separation plane D' in the sound reproduction space, the left channel SL 'of the stereo signal, and the second set of high speakers E2 'located to the right of the separation plane D' in the sound reproduction space, the right channel SR 'of the stereo signal.
  • the signals SL 'and SR' are input signals in the sense of the invention for the set E1 'and for the set E2' respectively.
  • the generation device 2 applies two different transaural techniques to each of the input signals SL' and SR '.
  • Each set of speakers E1 'and E2' is thus treated separately according to the invention.
  • the generation device 2 applies a first transaural technique T1' to the input signal SL 'so as to create a virtual source V1' in a direction symmetrical with respect to the plane L1 ' passing through the listening position P1 'to the direction of the speaker of the set E2' furthest from the listening position P1 ', in other words to the direction of the loudspeaker H22'.
  • This virtual source V1 ' is created, in the example envisaged at the figure 4 at the intersection of the axis ⁇ 'and of the straight line d11' (first line within the meaning of the invention) passing through the listening position P1 'and symmetrical with the straight line d12' (second straight line in the sense of the invention) connecting the listening position P1 'to the loudspeaker H22'.
  • V1 ' is the symmetrical (in distance and direction) of the loudspeaker H22' with respect to the plane L1 '.
  • the listener at the listening position P1 ' has a sound stage extending between the direction given by the virtual source V1' (that is to say by the line d11 ') and the direction given by the loudspeaker H22 '(i.e., by the line d12').
  • the virtual source V1' can also be created on the right d11 'so as to be the symmetrical direction and distance of the speaker H22 'relative to the plane L1'.
  • the implementation of the invention does not require that a symmetry in terms of distance is imperatively respected. It is enough that the source virtual V1 'is created on the right d11', that is to say in a direction symmetrical to the direction d12 'relative to the plane L1', the speakers are aligned or not on the same axis.
  • Step E20 is implemented by the generation device 2 'by filtering the signal SL' by transaural filters determined so as to create the virtual source V1 '.
  • these transaural filters are defined in such a way that the listener at the listening position P1 'receives on his two ears two binaural signals which define the virtual source V1'.
  • the transaural filters applied to the signal SL ' are obtained by inversion of the matrix X1' and multiplication of the inverse matrix thus obtained by the matrix Z1 '.
  • the matrices Z1 'and X1' are known: Z1 'contains the binaural filters which correspond to the creation of the virtual source V1', and X1 'contains the impulse response of the loudspeakers H11' and H12 '.
  • the application of the transaural filters of the matrix Y1 'thus determined to the signal SL' results in two supply signals S11 'and S12' intended to supply respectively the two loudspeakers H11 'and H12' of the assembly E1 '.
  • these power signals S11 'and S12' are equalized by means of individual equalizing filters F1 ', F2' before being supplied to the loudspeakers H11 'and H22' (step E30).
  • This spectral equalization step is intended to compensate for the possible defects of the speakers H11 'and H12' (for example, the timbres of the speakers), and to reduce the differences that may exist between these different speakers.
  • the equalization filters F1 'and F2' respectively applied to the signals S11 'and S12' are of course predetermined during a preliminary step, and stored in the nonvolatile memory of the generation device 2 '.
  • the average impulse response is then transformed into a frequency response, in a manner known per se, for example by means of a Fourier transformation.
  • This average frequency response is then optionally smoothed by frequency band (eg octave bands or auditory bands).
  • the equalization filter is then chosen so as to obtain an amplitude spectrum of the optionally smoothed frequency response in accordance with a predetermined target amplitude spectrum SPcible (first target spectrum in the sense of the invention).
  • This target amplitude spectrum is for example a flat spectrum, that is to say constant whatever the frequency.
  • the equalization filter F1 ' is chosen so as to minimize the difference between SP1 'and SPcible, respectively between SP2' and SPCible, within a limit for example of plus or minus 5dB.
  • the filtering of the signal S11 'by the filter F1' results in a filtered feed signal S11f ', which is supplied by the device 2' to the loudspeaker H11 'for reproduction (step E40).
  • the filtering of the signal S12 'by the filter F2' results in a filtered feed signal S12f ', which is supplied by the device 2' to the loudspeaker H12 'for reproduction (step E40).
  • the generation device 2 Similarly, and in parallel with steps E20-E40, the generation device 2 'applies a second transaural technique T2' to the input signal SR 'so as to create a virtual source V2' in a direction symmetrical with respect to the plane L2 'passing through the listening position P2' to the speaker direction of the set E1 'furthest from the listening position P2', ie the speaker H11 '(step E50)
  • This virtual source V2 ' is created, in the example envisaged at the figure 4 at the intersection of the axis ⁇ 'and of the straight line d22' (first straight line within the meaning of the invention) passing through the listening position P2 'and symmetrical with the straight line d12' (second right in the direction of the invention) connecting the listening position P2 'to the loudspeaker H11'.
  • the listener at the listening position P2 ' has a sound stage extending between the direction given by the virtual source V2' (that is to say, by the line d22 ') and the direction given by the loudspeaker H11 '(i.e., by the line d12').
  • the step E50 is carried out by the generation device 2 'by filtering the signal SR' by transaural filters determined so as to create the virtual source V2 '.
  • transaural filters are determined similarly or identically to the transaural filters applied during step E20 for the creation of the virtual source V1 'and will therefore not be described again here.
  • these supply signals S21 'and S22' are equalized with the aid of individual equalization filters F3 ', F4' before being supplied to the loudspeakers H21 'and H22' (step E60).
  • This spectral equalization step is intended to compensate for any speaker faults (for example, the tone of the speakers), and to reduce the differences that may exist between the different speakers (ie between H21 'and H22 ' right here).
  • the equalization filters F3 'and F4', respectively applied to the signals S21 'and S22' are predetermined during a preliminary step, similarly or identically to the equalization filters F1 'and F2', and are stored in the non-volatile memory of the generation device 2 '.
  • the filtering of the signal S21 'by the filter F3' results in a filtered feed signal S21f 'supplied to the loudspeaker H21' for reproduction (step E70).
  • the filters F1 ', F2', F3 ', F4' are determined so as to compensate for possible defects of the loudspeakers H11 ', H12', H21 'and H22' respectively, and to harmonize the timbre of these speakers.
  • spectral equalization filters a filter for each loudspeaker. speaker
  • the speakers of the reproduction system 1 ' eg passenger compartment of the car if the reproduction system 1' is included in such a cabin
  • the impulse response of these loudspeakers on a network of microphones distributed on the target listening area and which includes the listening positions P1 'and P2' that is, the target listening area is defined near the listening positions P1 'and P2'.
  • the Figure 6A illustrates a network of four microphones m1, m2, m3 and m4 duly positioned for the system 1 '.
  • the impulse responses thus measured are averaged over all the speakers for each microphone so as to obtain an average impulse response for each microphone.
  • the average impulse responses are transformed into frequency responses using a Fourier transform for example.
  • Frequency smoothing of the frequency responses thus obtained can be achieved (for example by octave or by auditory band).
  • the frequency average of the amplitude spectra of the possibly smoothed frequency responses associated with the microphones is then evaluated.
  • the average amplitude spectrum thus obtained thus includes the contribution of all the speakers of the reproduction system 1 'on all the microphones m1, m2, m3 and m4.
  • the equalization filters to be applied to the supply signals before they are supplied to the loudspeakers are then chosen so as to obtain a spectrum of average amplitude (in a tolerance for example of +/- 5dB) with a spectrum of predetermined target amplitude SPcible '(second frequency response in the sense of the invention).
  • This target amplitude spectrum is for example a flat spectrum, as illustrated in FIG. Figure 6B , That is to say constant regardless of the frequency.
  • the filters making it possible to improve the timbre of the system 1 as a whole can be applied alternatively to the filters F1 ', F2', F3 ', F4' previously described, or in addition to these filters (on applies the two sets of filters successively or equivalent filters to the supply signals).
  • the speaker assemblies E1 'and E2' each comprise a pair of loudspeakers.
  • the invention can also be applied in a similar way to a different configuration of speaker assemblies E1 'and E2', as illustrated in FIG. figure 7 .
  • each set of loudspeakers E1 'and E2' comprises three loudspeakers H11 ', H12', H13 'and H21', H22 ', H23' respectively.
  • the virtual source V1 ' is then created at a position symmetrical with respect to the plane L1' of the position of the loudspeaker H23 ', whereas the virtual source V2' is created at a position symmetrical with respect to the plane L2 'of the position of the speaker H11 '.
  • FIG 8 a system for reproducing a stereo signal S "comprising two sets of loudspeakers E1" and E2 "arranged in a similar manner to the sets E1 'and E2' of the figure 4 , on both sides of a vertical separation plane D ".
  • Each set of speakers E1 ", E2” is placed facing a preferred listening position P1 ", P2" defined in a manner similar to that previously described for P1 'and P2', and comprises a pair of high speakers (H11 “, H12” for the set E1 “and H21", H22 “for the set E2").
  • P1 "and P2" are located respectively on vertical planes L1 “and L2" parallel to the separation plane D.
  • a loudspeaker of the assembly E1" is thus positioned on either side of L1 "and the listening position P1 ", and a speaker of the set E2" is positioned on either side of L2 "and the listening position P2".
  • the reproduction system 1 "further comprises a third set E3" of two loudspeakers H31 “and H32" placed in the center of the reproduction system 1 ", between the two sets E1" and E2 ", as illustrated in FIG. figure 8 . More precisely, the set of loudspeakers E3 "is positioned at the level of the separation plane D": at least one loudspeaker of the set E3 "is placed on either side of the separation plane D".
  • the speakers H11 “, H12”, H21 “, H22”, H31 “and H32” are in the example illustrated in FIG. figure 8 , Aligned or substantially aligned on the same horizontal axis ⁇ "of the rendering system
  • this assumption is not limiting and no limitation is strictly attached to the placement of the loudspeakers of the sets E1" , E2 “and E3" with respect to this horizontal axis.
  • the generation device 2 On reception of the sound signal S ", the generation device 2" implements a spatial analysis of this signal (step F10), in order to identify the components (ie sound objects) of this signal which will be restored on the different sets of speakers.
  • the analysis step F10 comprises a decomposition of the sound signal S "into several frequency sub-bands (eg in octave, or into auditory bands depending on the available processing power to implement the invention).
  • the device 2 "extracts on each frequency subband the sound objects contained in the signal S", and determines for each sound object, its spatial position.
  • the device 2 "then generates from the sound objects thus extracted three input signals denoted SL", SR "and SC" for the three sets of speakers E1 ", E2" and E3 ".
  • the generation device 2 "applies two different transaural techniques to each of the input signals SL" and SR ", similarly to what has been described above with reference to the figure 5 .
  • the generation device 2 also applies a spatial rendering technique T3" to the input signal SC "in order to generate the power signals of the speakers H31 “and H32" of the third central speaker set E3 "(step F80).
  • This rendering technique is chosen for example so as to directly broadcast the signal SC "on the speakers H31" and H32 ".
  • the supply signals S31 "S32" generated by applying the technique T3 "to the input signal SC” are then filtered using equalization filters (which can be determined according to a method similar to that explained previously to determine the filters F1 ', F2', F3 'and F4') (step F90).
  • the spatial reproduction technique T3 "applied to the input signal SC" generates supply signals for the loudspeakers of the three sets E1 “, E2” and E3 ", using a technique of holophonic rendering such as for example a WFS technique (for Wave Field Synthesis)
  • a technique of holophonic rendering such as for example a WFS technique (for Wave Field Synthesis)
  • this second embodiment can be declined according to the different variants previously envisaged for the first embodiment.
  • sound signals S and S are considered stereo.
  • the invention also applies to other types of multichannel signals, for example to a multi-channel 5.1 signal.
  • the figure 10 illustrates a reproduction system 1 '"according to a third embodiment, allowing the reproduction of a sound signal S'" 5.1, composed of a left channel (SL “'), a right channel (SR”') , a left rear channel (SLs '"), a right rear channel (SRs"'), a center channel (SC “'), and a bass channel (SLfe"').
  • the reproduction system 1 ' comprises two subsystems" front “A and” rear “B, respectively placed in front of and behind the listening positions P1" and P2 "" (with respect to the positioning of the listeners at these positions d 'listening).
  • the subsystem A comprises three sets of loudspeakers EA1 "', EA2'” and EA3 '"arranged with respect to the listening positions P1"' and P2 ", and with respect to the vertical separation plane D" 'of identical to the sets of speakers E1 ", E2" and E3 "considered previously to illustrate the second embodiment.
  • the subsystem B further comprises two sets of loudspeakers EB1 '"and EB2'" arranged behind the listening positions P1 '"and P2'" identically to the loudspeaker assemblies E1 'and E2 'considered previously to illustrate the first embodiment.
  • EB1 '"and EB2 '' are placed on either side of the vertical separation plane D '", and are respectively centered with respect to the vertical planes L1"' and L2 "'which are parallel to the separation plane D"' and pass through P1 '"and P2'" respectively.
  • the reproduction system 1 '"thus comprises a frontal network of loudspeakers comprising the sets EA1"', EA2 '"and EA3'" which lies in a front plane with respect to the listening positions P1 "'and P2" ', and a rear speaker array comprising the sets EB1 "and EB2"' which lies in a rear plane with respect to the listening positions P1 "'and P2'".
  • the "rear" subsystem B may be an exact replica of the "forward" subsystem A, symmetrical with respect to the listening positions P1 "and P2"'.
  • different loudspeaker configurations may be considered for both subsystems (eg, three sets of two speakers for A and two sets of two speakers for B, as illustrated in FIG. figure 10 ).

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
  • Stereophonic System (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Verfahren zur Erzeugung von Eingangssignalen, die für ein Klangwiedergabesystem (1'; 1"; 1'") bestimmt sind, umfassend zwei Lautsprechereinheiten (E1', E2'; E1", E2"; EA1"', EA2"', EB1"', EB2'"), die sich beiderseits einer Trennebene (D'; D"; D'") befinden,
    wobei die Eingangssignale im Hinblick auf eine Klangwiedergabe eines Mehrkanal-Klangsignals (S'; S"; S'") zu zwei Raumhörpositionen (P1', P2'; P1 ", P2"; P1'", P2'") erzeugt werden,
    wobei jede Raumhörposition einer der Lautsprechereinheiten zugeordnet ist und sich auf einer Ebene (L1', L2'; L1", L2"; L1'", L2'") parallel zur Trennebene befindet, so dass mindestens ein Lautsprecher dieser Einheit beiderseits dieser parallelen Ebene angeordnet ist,
    wobei das Erzeugungsverfahren für jede Lautsprechereinheit einen Schritt (F20-F30, F50-F60) umfasst, um aus einem von dem Mehrkanal-Klangsignal für diese Einheit abgeleiteten Eingangssignal Eingangssignale zu erzeugen, die dazu bestimmt sind, die Lautsprecher dieser Einheit zu versorgen, wobei dieser Erzeugungsschritt die Anwendung (F20, F50) einer Technik der transauralen Wiedergabe an das Eingangssignal umfasst,
    wobei diese Technik eine virtuelle Klangquelle (V1', V2'; V1", V2"; VA1'", VA2'", VB1'", VB2"') für die Hörposition, die der Einheit zugeordnet ist, auf einer ersten Geraden (d11', d22'; d11 ", d22"; d11'", d22"', d11'") erzeugt, die durch Symmetrie in Bezug zur parallelen Ebene (P1', P2'; P1", P2"; P1'", P2'"), auf der sich die dieser Einheit zugeordnete Raumhörposition befindet, einer zweiten Geraden (d12', d21 '; d12", d21 "; d12'", d21"', d21'", d12'") erhalten wird, die die Raumhörposition mit dem am weitesten von dieser Position entfernten Lautsprecher, der der anderen Lautsprechereinheit des Wiedergabesystems angehört, verbindet.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die Lautsprecher der beiden Lautsprechereinheiten im Wesentlichen auf einer Horizontalachse (Δ', Δ") des Wiedergabesystems ausgerichtet sind.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, bei dem während des Erzeugungsschrittes die virtuelle Quelle an der Schnittstelle der ersten geraden und der Horizontalachse des Wiedergabesystems erzeugt wird.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, ferner umfassend einen Schritt der Spektralentzerrung, bei dem individuell an jedes Eingangssignal, das dazu bestimmt ist, einen Lautsprecher zu versorgen, ein Entzerrungsfilter, der an diesen Lautsprecher angepasst ist, angelegt wird (F30, F60).
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, bei dem jeder an einen Lautsprecher angepasste Entzerrungsfilter derart gewählt ist, dass ein Amplitudenspektrum einer für diesen Lautsprecher erstellten Frequenzantwort aus Messungen, die in einer schallgedämmten Umgebung durchgeführt werden, nach einem ersten vorbestimmten Zielspektrum erhalten wird.
  6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, bei dem die Entzerrungsfilter derart gewählt sind, dass ein mittleres Amplitudenspektrum erhalten wird, das auf Basis der Impulsantworten der Lautsprecher der Einheiten des Wiedergabesystems nach einem zweiten vorbestimmten Zielspektrum bewertet wird.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, ferner umfassend einen Schritt der Raumanalyse (F10) des Mehrkanal-Klangsignals, umfassend die Entnahme mindestens eines Klangobjekts und die Bestimmung einer Raumposition dieses Klangobjekts, wobei jedes Eingangssignal, das verwendet wird, um die Eingangssignale der Lautsprecher einer Lautsprechereinheit zu erzeugen, aus mindestens einen Klangobjekt ausgearbeitet wird, das während dieses Raumanalyseschrittes entnommen wurde und in Abhängigkeit von seiner Raumposition in Bezug zur Trennebene ausgewählt wurde.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, bei dem das Wiedergabesystem ferner eine dritte Lautsprechereinheit (E3") umfasst, wobei mindestens ein Lautsprecher dieser dritten Einheit beiderseits der Trennebene angeordnet ist.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, bei dem jede Lautsprechereinheit des Wiedergabesystems ein Paar von Lautsprechern umfasst.
  10. Programm, umfassend Befehle für die Ausführung der Schritte des Wiedergabeverfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, wenn das Programm von einem Computer oder einem Mikroprozessor ausgeführt wird.
  11. Von einem Computer lesbarer Aufzeichnungsträger, auf dem ein Computerprogramm aufgezeichnet ist, das Befehle für die Ausführung der Schritte des Erzeugungsverfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 umfasst.
  12. Vorrichtung (2', 2", 2"') zur Erzeugung von Eingangssignalen, die für ein Klangwiedergabesystem (1'; 1"; 1'") bestimmt sind, umfassend zwei Lautsprechereinheiten, die sich beiderseits einer Trennebene befinden, wobei die Eingangssignale im Hinblick auf eine Klangwiedergabe eines Mehrkanal-Klangsignals zu zwei Raumhörpositionen erzeugt werden,
    wobei jede Raumhörposition einer der Lautsprechereinheiten zugeordnet ist und sich auf einer Ebene parallel zur Trennebene befindet, so dass mindestens ein Lautsprecher dieser Einheit beiderseits dieser parallelen Ebene angeordnet ist,
    wobei die Erzeugungsvorrichtung Mittel umfasst, die geeignet sind, für jede Lautsprechereinheit aus einem von dem Mehrkanal-Klangsignal für diese Einheit abgeleiteten Eingangssignal Eingangssignale zu erzeugen,
    wobei diese Mittel dazu geeignet sind, eine Technik der transauralen Wiedergabe an dem Eingangssignal anzuwenden,
    wobei diese Technik eine virtuelle Klangquelle für die Hörposition, die der Einheit zugeordnet ist, auf einer ersten Geraden erzeugt, die durch Symmetrie in Bezug zur parallelen Ebene, auf der sich die dieser Einheit zugeordnete Raumhörposition befindet, einer zweiten Geraden erhalten wird, die die Raumhörposition mit dem am weitesten von dieser Position entfernten Lautsprecher, der der anderen Lautsprechereinheit des Wiedergabesystems angehört, verbindet.
  13. Klangwiedergabesystem (1'; 1"; 1"'), umfassend:
    - mindestens zwei Lautsprechereinheiten, und
    - eine Vorrichtung (2'; 2"; 2"') nach Anspruch 12 zur Erzeugung von Eingangssignalen, die für die Lautsprecher der beiden Lautsprechereinheiten bestimmt sind.
  14. Klangwiedergabesystem (1'") nach Anspruch 13, umfassend mindestens zwei Einheiten (EA1'", EA2"'), die sich in einer vorderen Ebene in Bezug zu den Hörpositionen (P1'", P2'") befinden, und mindestens zwei Einheiten (EB1"', EB2'"), die sich in einer hinteren Ebene in Bezug zu den Hörpositionen befinden.
EP14710015.0A 2013-02-18 2014-02-14 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erzeugung von eingangssignalen für ein klangwiedergabesystem Active EP2957110B1 (de)

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FR1351352A FR3002406B1 (fr) 2013-02-18 2013-02-18 Procede et dispositif de generation de signaux d'alimentation destines a un systeme de restitution sonore
PCT/FR2014/050313 WO2014125232A1 (fr) 2013-02-18 2014-02-14 Procede et dispositif de generation de signaux d'alimentation destines a un systeme de restitution sonore

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US6118875A (en) 1994-02-25 2000-09-12 Moeller; Henrik Binaural synthesis, head-related transfer functions, and uses thereof
JP4350905B2 (ja) * 1998-10-19 2009-10-28 オンキヨー株式会社 サラウンド処理システム
CA2430403C (en) * 2002-06-07 2011-06-21 Hiroyuki Hashimoto Sound image control system
US8379868B2 (en) 2006-05-17 2013-02-19 Creative Technology Ltd Spatial audio coding based on universal spatial cues
WO2012025580A1 (en) 2010-08-27 2012-03-01 Sonicemotion Ag Method and device for enhanced sound field reproduction of spatially encoded audio input signals

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