EP2948601B1 - Prefabricated element and method for erecting a structure - Google Patents

Prefabricated element and method for erecting a structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2948601B1
EP2948601B1 EP14703629.7A EP14703629A EP2948601B1 EP 2948601 B1 EP2948601 B1 EP 2948601B1 EP 14703629 A EP14703629 A EP 14703629A EP 2948601 B1 EP2948601 B1 EP 2948601B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
foundation plate
prefabricated element
prefabricated
plate
stones
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EP14703629.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2948601A1 (en
Inventor
Dieter Wegerhoff
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Individual
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02Retaining or protecting walls
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04CSTRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/39Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra
    • E04C1/395Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra for claustra, fences, planting walls, e.g. sound-absorbing
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0256Special features of building elements
    • E04B2002/0258Gripping or handling aids
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0256Special features of building elements
    • E04B2002/0269Building elements with a natural stone facing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a prefabricated element element with a foundation plate and a wall piece erected on the upper side of individual stones, in particular natural stones. Fertigbauteiletti of this kind are for example made IE 20000662 known.
  • the invention is further directed to a method of constructing a building or outdoor furniture using at least one precast element element according to the invention.
  • Dry stone walls are typically made of quarry stone uncovered walls.
  • Freestanding dry stone walls are considered to be particularly difficult to produce and are not permitted according to DIN 1053-1 per se. However, it is known that freestanding walls, especially dry stone walls, have been built in Europe's cultural landscapes for centuries and have survived to this day, with no need for repair.
  • Einkornbeton can be filled or backfilled with the cavities. This not only ensures a good stability of the erected structure, but also the water permeability is maintained because einkornbeton itself is permeable to water. Rain or groundwater can therefore through the between cavities remaining in the stones and / or cavities filled with einkornbeton continue to run or seep through, so that the frost protection is not endangered.
  • Einkornbeton structures must be built very carefully, the time required hardly differs from that required when building a 'real' drywall.
  • a disadvantage of the known Fertigbauteilierin is that although created with the built on the foundation plate (natural) stones of optically beautiful impression of an individual (natural) stone wall, the peripheral edge of the existing concrete foundation but this first impression lies. If you want that only the solid natural stones are visible, it is necessary with the known components to design the foundation part so that it is later safely covered with soil. This not only requires additional effort when building the structures, since this must be embedded in the existing soil here, but it also often happens that in the course of time, the soil raised around the foundation plate sags or is washed away by rain and the foundation plate then come to light again.
  • a Fertigbaumaschinelement of the type mentioned can be designed so that even at the peripheral edge of the foundation plate of the optical impression of the wall piece erected on the plate, so for example a natural stone wall and the component element thus without loss in the overall visual impression directly on the existing surface, even temporarily, can be placed without having to be embedded in this by the foundation plate is covered on at least a portion of its peripheral edge with pebbles, whose visual appearance is adapted to that of the built on the foundation plate wall piece or the bricks used for it.
  • the base of the prefabricated element element formed by the foundation plate is compared with the built on the base plate bricks thin, strap or tile-like stones, this step can be done either after the construction of prefabricated elements on the finished installation or already on Production location of the component element, eg. As in a hall, which has the advantage that weather conditions are avoided during the setting phase of the glue or mortar used for attaching the facing stones and thus it does not come to efflorescence. If anything, it can only be seen from close proximity that the building is not solidly masonry at its lower edge, but in this area a wall bond is merely 'simulated'.
  • the blocks are preferably adhered individually to the (partial) surface of the peripheral edge of the foundation plate to be covered, wherein the remaining between the individual blocks remaining joints can remain unfilled, for example, if the optical character of a drywall construction over its entire height is to be maintained.
  • the foundation plate of the component element according to the invention is preferably made of reinforced concrete.
  • the foundation plate with at least one, from spaced from its peripheral edge and the plate is provided in a preferred embodiment of its top to bottom passing through drainage passage through which in the wall piece above the foundation plate penetrated water can drain down. The drainage opening can thereby prevent the water from reaching the edge of the foundation plate laterally.
  • the edge plate foundation blocks As far as the edge plate foundation blocks are arranged, their attachment to the peripheral edge of the foundation plate by the plate from top to bottom passing through drainage passage frostproof, because if no water drains over the edge, it can not be a significant extent between the blend blocks and the Collect the perimeter edge of the foundation plate and freeze at temperatures below freezing and then cause the pebbles to flake off.
  • the drainage passage does not necessarily have to pass through the foundation plate from its top down.
  • the upper side of the foundation slab is provided with a gradient to the inlet of the drainage passage.
  • the base plate is provided on its underside with at least two recesses extending between two sides of the foundation plate whose dimensions are preferably adapted to the dimensions of a adapted for the transport of prefabricated element element lifting means.
  • the lifting means may, for example, be the forklift of a forklift, the lifting prongs of which may be enclosed in the recesses, which are then arranged parallel to one another, like a transport pallet.
  • lifting means for the prefabricated element element but also designed for the weight of the component conveyor belts may be suitable, by means of which the device can be lifted by a crane or the like.
  • the provided on the underside of the foundation plate preferably extending from one to the other side continuously recesses can be closed in the erected state of Fertigbaumaschinelements on the visible side with a closure stone. They can also serve to accommodate laid under the component lines, such as electrical or water pipes, which is particularly when using the invention for furniture or walls with integrated lighting or Also advantageous for a finished shower element. It is particularly advantageous if the at least one drainage outlet opens into one of the recesses on the outflow side, wherein the recess in question then ensures that the water discharged from the top side of the foundation plate through the drainage passage can not accumulate below the foundation plate, but reliably to the open one End is dissipated on one or the other side of the foundation plate.
  • the individual bricks are adhesively bonded with each other and / or with the foundation plate punctually to form joints and / or columns with natural stone adhesive, or in the direction of cavities in the middle of a wall before filling with Einkornbeton selective glue in the direction To apply einkornbeton to the natural stones, thereby creating a bonding bridge between the natural stones and also referred to as filter concrete einkornbeton.
  • the facing bricks used for cladding the foundation plate preferably have on their rear side a smooth, machined surface, with which they are adhered to the peripheral edge of the foundation plate substantially over the entire surface or are.
  • a smooth surface should not necessarily be understood in this context a completely flat over the entire size of the stone (for example sawn or ground), a suitable calibration can be achieved even with relatively rough results causing tools such as a chisel.
  • the wall piece projects at least in the area of the cladded with face bricks sub-surface laterally beyond the peripheral wheel of the foundation plate by an amount corresponding to the thickness of the used flash bricks in any case approximately.
  • the finished state then results between the foundation plate and the On this piece of wall erected no step or step, but the stone blocks and the towering wall on the foundation form a coplanar surface.
  • the foundation plate may be provided on its underside with a preferably elastic non-slip layer, such as a rubber mat, a geo-textile mat or the like., So that a particularly good stability is achieved, and the covering of the installation is spared, which is important is, as is also thought of the temporary use of the elements, eg Beer gardens, exhibitions, schoolyards, fairs, events, barriers for pedestrian parking areas, temporary advertising signs and the like.
  • a preferably elastic non-slip layer such as a rubber mat, a geo-textile mat or the like.
  • the method it is thus possible to determine the foundation plate for each precast element element individually in their shape and dimensions according to the circumstances at the site of the later construction of the building or outdoor furniture and hereafter produce an individual casting mold for a concrete foundation slab. So even if it is prefabricated elements, with the help of the building or open-air furniture is built, the dimensions and shape of Fertigbaumaschinelements are individually determined, the craftsmen must therefore not fall back on standard shapes or dimensions of the components.
  • each foundation plate is provided on its underside with at least two preferably mutually parallel recesses and the transport of the affected Fertigbaumaschinelements by means of a conveyor device with a bordering in the recesses lifting means, for example, the lifting fork of a forklift takes place.
  • a prefabricated element element can also be lifted with suitable conveyor belts or straps, which can then be pulled through the recesses on the underside of the foundation plate.
  • the prefabricated elements shown in the drawings and designated in their entirety by 10 can be used in particular in gardening and landscaping, where it is necessary to build walls or other structures including so-called open-air furniture.
  • the finished component elements according to the invention are particularly suitable for building structures or furniture with the visual impression of a natural stone wall, especially a drywall to build quickly, the local conditions can be considered individually at the installation.
  • the finished component elements 10 each have a foundation slab 11 made of reinforced concrete, on the upper side 12 of which a piece of natural stone 13, such as broken greywacke or other types of natural stone arranged wall piece 14 is bricked up.
  • the arrangement is such that the wall piece 14 in a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least on a partial surface 15 of the peripheral edge 16 of the foundation plate 11, which partial surface remains visible after installation of the respective Fertigbaumaschinelements, laterally beyond the peripheral edge 16 of the foundation plate 11 a piece survives.
  • blend blocks 17 whose optical appearance is adapted to that of the natural stone walled up on the foundation plate or of the wall piece 14 erected therefrom.
  • the blocks 17 are preferably made of the same material as the natural stones 13 by being cut as so-called 'straps' from the natural stones, for example with the aid of a stone saw.
  • the thickness of the peripheral edge 16 of the foundation plate preferably glued by means of natural stone glare stones 17 corresponds in any case approximately the extent to which the wall piece 14 erected on the foundation plate projects laterally beyond the peripheral wheel of the foundation plate, so that after attaching the facing stones on the height Essentially stepless and visually uniform surface results, at least as far as the type of stones used for the masonry.
  • the foundation plate 11 of each of the prefabricated elements 10 is provided with two extending between the longitudinal sides 19 of the foundation plate recesses 20, each of which is so wide and so high are that in them the lifting bars of the lifting fork of a forklift (not shown) can be introduced.
  • the Fertigbauteiletti can be lifted with other suitable lifting means, for example by means of pulled through the recesses 20 slings to which a transport hook of a crane or the like. Can be connected.
  • Fig. 1 can be easily seen that the top 12 of the base plate 11 is not configured flat, but that a schematically indicated by four lines 21 slope is provided to at least one central region 22 in the plate, in which area the base plate with a you from their Top 12 to the bottom 18 passing through drainage passage 23 is provided.
  • the inlet 24 of the drainage passage is located at the respective lowest point of the slope 21, the outlet side discharges the drainage passage into one of the recesses 20, as can be seen in Fig. 1 can recognize well. It is understood that in the in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment, below the wall section shown there in the foundation plate such a gradient is present, which leads to the inlet of a second drainage passage, which then in the second of the two recesses (in Fig. 1 behind) opens.
  • This particularly preferred embodiment of the invention effected in an advantageous manner that entering the masonry water flowing through the joints / columns 25 and between them for solidification locally einkornbeton 42 flows between the bricks 13 down to the foundation plate, due to the intended slope 21st to the center of the foundation plate, that is guided away from the peripheral edge 16 and is discharged there through the drainage passage down. So the water does not run sideways over the edge of the foundation plate and thus behind the blocks, so that between them the joints remain anhydrous and also used to attach the facing stones on the peripheral edge of the foundation plate natural stone adhesive or mortar is kept largely dry. As a result, the frost resistance of the construction according to the invention is ensured, so that the blocks do not flake off in winter at temperatures below freezing.
  • the visual appearance of a drywall remains so preserved.
  • the prefabricated element element at the final or temporary installation site maintains its position even when the substrate on which the component element is turned off, has a smooth surface, such as an asphalt surface
  • the foundation plate 11 may be provided on its underside 18 with an anti-slip layer 26, for example, a weather-resistant Neoprene rubber or another suitable, preferably elastic material.
  • FIG. 1 and Fig. 2 a comparatively simple prefabricated component element, in which the foundation plate 11 has a rectangular plan.
  • the foundation plate designed in a circular arc, wherein the wall piece built thereon picks up this arch shape accordingly.
  • the wall pieces on the right and left side of the depth and height adapted to the dimension of the piece of wall, large boulder stones 27 and a built between these smaller stones 28 stone wall 29, in the embodiment according to Fig. 3 is covered by a flush with the tops of the boulders final cover plate 30.
  • this prefabricated element element is suitable according to Fig. 3 especially good as seating. For example, it can be assembled together with other correspondingly shaped prefabricated elements elements on a schoolyard to form an annular structure.
  • Fig. 4 shows how Fertigbauteiliana of the inventive type can be built side by side and one above the other to form a wall.
  • the prefabricated elements 10 are provided in the upper region of the erected on the foundation plates wall pieces 14 on the transverse sides 31 of the component elements with recessed gaps 32, wherein the arrangement is such that after the positionally correct positioning of two adjacent component elements, the gaps the two component elements steplessly merge into one another.
  • These gaps are then filled with a composite brick 33, both of which are prefabricated elements elements, this is suitably additionally fixed with mortar or natural stone adhesive.
  • Fig. 4 also shows that the prefabricated elements can be constructed in several rows one above the other, wherein in the two component elements shown on the right side of the peripheral edge 16 of the lower base plate 11 of the two elements already covered with pebbles 17, while the two component elements shown on the left have not yet this panel and thus the viewer can still see the existing concrete foundation plate.
  • the drawing also shows a possibility of optically concealing the recesses 20 formed on the underside 18 of the foundation plate by inserting into them a visual stone 34 whose cross section is adapted to the cross section of the recess and which consists of the same natural stone as the one Wall piece erected on the foundation plate.
  • the in the Fig. 5 illustrated variant of a Fertigbaumaschinelements is an on the foundation plate 11 made of natural stones substantially completely pre-assembled outer chimney 35, which can be parked exactly like the other prefabricated elements in unit at the desired location and thus can be used within a very short time in use. It is possible to provide the foundation plate at its peripheral edge already at the production site with the facing bricks 17 for cladding the foundation slab of concrete or to glue the bricks only after setting up and aligning the component element at the peripheral edge.
  • Fig. 6 have the prefabricated elements 10, which on a foundation plate element as in Fig. 9 and which are used here for the construction of a slope wall 36, at their front sides an optical appearance, which may look substantially as in the prefabricated building elements according to Fig. 1 and 2 ,
  • a concrete wall piece 38 extending over the height of the prefabricated component elements, which is manufactured in one piece with the associated foundation plate 11 and which forms with its top the substructure for the foundation plate of a step-like recessed prefabricated element element.
  • the foundation plates also have a slope which is inclined from the front of the component member to the rear or concrete wall piece, wherein in the concrete wall piece then a continuous drain hole 39 is provided, which is placed on a behind the slope wall 36 in the ground drainage 40th can be connected.
  • these are provided on the underside with recesses that allow the transport of the component elements, for example, with forklift, the recesses also enforce the back concrete wall pieces.
  • the component elements can be arranged directly in the ground or a gravel or gravel pile arranged behind and below them, if necessary also in a subfloor secured by means of filter concrete or the like. It can be seen that in the in Fig. 6 illustrated embodiment, only the lower three of the prefabricated elements a rearward Have concrete wall piece, while the uppermost prefabricated element element as in Fig. 1 and 2 is shown formed and backfilled with roller gravel 41.
  • the prefabricated elements can not only be manufactured using standardized foundation plates, but it is possible to first determine the shape and dimensions of the foundation plates of the individual prefabricated elements at the location of their subsequent installation, for example by means of templates, and then the Manufacture foundation slabs of reinforced concrete according to the specified shape and dimensions. If this then has reached the required strength, the piece of wall can be bricked up thereon of individual stones to the desired height on this in shape and dimension individual foundation plate, possibly taking into account the desired slope angles, installation of conduits for later recording of water or Power lines, etc.
  • the walls of the piece of wall can be done away from the later installation of Fertigbauteilieri, especially in closed (heated) premises, so that the component elements can be produced regardless of the seasons and the weather.
  • a trial construction of the structure, for example, in a production hall is possible. Only after the finished component elements are completed in this way, they are transported to their desired installation site and placed there by discontinuing the foundation plates on the space provided, possibly prepared substrate, whereupon then - if not already done in the production - the areas of the Peripheral edges of the foundation plate, which remain visible after completion of the building, are covered below the projecting over the peripheral edge of individual stones with dazzling stones whose thickness is adapted to the size of the stone projection.
  • the invention is not limited to the illustrated and described embodiment, but various changes and additions are possible without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
  • the invention is not limited to component elements with wall pieces of natural stone, but it is also possible to build the walls of uniform in shape and size, artificially manufactured stones such as clay bricks (bricks).
  • Such a gabion basket is in Fig. 8 shown.
  • the gabions are then filled with especially smaller stones such as gravel. Stones of the same quality and Size are then also arranged on the peripheral edge of the foundation plate, wherein they can be cast in an individual case directly on the concrete used for their use.

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Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Fertigbauteilelement mit einer Fundamentplatte und einem auf deren Oberseite aus Einzelsteinen, insbesondere Natursteinen errichteten Mauerstück. Fertigbauteilelemente dieser Art sind beispielsweise aus IE 20000662 bekannt.The invention relates to a prefabricated element element with a foundation plate and a wall piece erected on the upper side of individual stones, in particular natural stones. Fertigbauteilelemente of this kind are for example made IE 20000662 known.

Die Erfindung ist ferner auf ein Verfahren zum Errichten eines Bauwerks oder Freiluftmöbels unter Verwendung mindestens eines erfindungsgemäßen Fertigbauteilelements gerichtet.The invention is further directed to a method of constructing a building or outdoor furniture using at least one precast element element according to the invention.

Im Garten- und Landschaftsbau und der Gestaltung anderer Freiluftbereiche, beispielsweise von Schulhöfen oder Fußgängerzonen sind aus Einzelsteinen errichtete Mauern oder gemauerte Freiluftmöbel nicht wegzudenkende gestalterische Elemente. Insbesondere im Garten- und Landschaftsbau wünschen sich die verantwortlichen Bauherren häufig aus Natur- oder Bruchsteinen aufgebaute Möbel oder Mauern, die sich dadurch auszeichnen, dass sie meist unregelmäßige, jedenfalls keine ganz glatten und im rechten Winkel zueinander angeordnete Flächen aufweisen, sondern die Einzelsteine unregelmäßig geformt oder jedenfalls nur verhältnismäßig grob behauen sind. Diese Mauern können in Mörtel gesetzt und verfugt sein, sind dann aber reparaturanfällig, weil die Fugen auch wegen der verschiedenen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten der vermauerten Natursteine und des Fugenmörtels im Laufe der Jahrzehnte reißen, so dass Wasser eindringen kann, das dann nicht abgeleitet wird und bei entsprechend niedrigen Temperaturen gefrieren kann. Um daraus resultierende Frostschäden zu vermeiden, ist es erforderlich, mindestens die Fugen zeitnah zu erneuern.In gardening and landscaping and the design of other open-air areas, such as schoolyards or pedestrian areas, built of individual stone walls or brick outdoor furniture are not indispensable design elements. In particular, in gardening and landscaping, the responsible builders often want built of natural or quarry stones furniture or walls, which are characterized by the fact that they usually have irregular, at least not very smooth and arranged at right angles to each other surfaces, but the individual stones irregularly shaped or at least only relatively roughly carved. These walls can be set in mortar and grouted, but are then susceptible to repair, because the joints also break because of the different expansion coefficients of bricked natural stones and grout over the decades, so that water can penetrate, which is then not derived and at correspondingly low Temperatures can freeze. In order to avoid resulting frost damage, it is necessary to renew at least the joints in a timely manner.

Es ist auch möglich, die Mauern als Trockenmauern zu errichten, die ohne Mörtel gemauert werden und die Fähigkeit besitzen, sich selber zu entwässern. Dadurch sind sie frostsicher. Trockenmauern sind typischerweise aus Bruchstein errichtete unverfugte Mauern.It is also possible to build the walls as dry stone walls, which are masonry-free and have the capacity to drain themselves. This makes them frostproof. Dry stone walls are typically made of quarry stone uncovered walls.

Freistehende Trockenmauern (zweihäuptig) gelten als besonders schwierig herzustellen und sind laut DIN 1053-1 an sich nicht zulässig. Allerdings weiß man, dass freistehende Mauern, insbesondere Trockenmauern in den Kulturlandschaften Europas seit Jahrhunderten gebaut wurden und bis heute überdauert haben und keiner Reparaturen bedurften.Freestanding dry stone walls (two-headed) are considered to be particularly difficult to produce and are not permitted according to DIN 1053-1 per se. However, it is known that freestanding walls, especially dry stone walls, have been built in Europe's cultural landscapes for centuries and have survived to this day, with no need for repair.

Speziell für Natur- bzw. Bruchsteinmauern wird zur Stabilisierung häufig sogenannter Einkornbeton eingesetzt, mit dem Hohlräume aus- oder hinterfüllt werden können. Damit wird nicht nur eine gute Stabilität des errichteten Bauwerks gewährleistet, sondern auch die Wasserdurchlässigkeit bleibt erhalten, da Einkornbeton selbst wasserdurchlässig ist. Regen- oder Grundwasser kann also durch die zwischen den Steinen verbleibenden Hohlräume und /oder mit Einkornbeton verfüllten Hohlräume weiterhin hindurch laufen bzw. absickern, so dass die Frostsicherheit nicht gefährdet ist. Auch solche unter Verwendung von Einkornbeton errichteten Bauwerke müssen aber sehr sorgfältig aufgebaut werden, der erforderliche Zeitaufwand unterscheidet sich kaum von dem, der beim Errichten einer 'echten' Trockenmauer erforderlich ist. Dabei versteht sich für beide Bautechniken, dass das Errichten der entsprechenden Bauwerke am endgültigen Aufstellort erfolgen muss und schlechtes Wetter, insbesondere Frost oder anhaltender Regen den Baufortschritt behindern können. Durch den Witterungseinfluss z.B. Regen, usw. während des Abbindungsprozesses des verwendeten Betons oder Steinklebers kommt es häufig zu Ausblühungen.Especially for natural or quarrystone walls often used for stabilization so-called Einkornbeton, can be filled or backfilled with the cavities. This not only ensures a good stability of the erected structure, but also the water permeability is maintained because einkornbeton itself is permeable to water. Rain or groundwater can therefore through the between cavities remaining in the stones and / or cavities filled with einkornbeton continue to run or seep through, so that the frost protection is not endangered. However, even those built using Einkornbeton structures must be built very carefully, the time required hardly differs from that required when building a 'real' drywall. It is understood for both construction techniques that the construction of the corresponding structures must be made at the final installation site and bad weather, especially frost or prolonged rain can hinder the construction progress. Due to the influence of the weather eg rain, etc. during the setting process of the concrete or stone glue used, efflorescence often occurs.

Durch die EP 1 254 999 A1 ist ein gattungsgemäßes Fertigbauteilelement vorgeschlagen worden, mit einem stahlarmierten Fundamentteil und mit an dieses angefügten, sichtbaren Steinen, die Natursteine sind, welche vor der Auslieferung des Fertigbauteilelements mit diesem verbunden werden. Die bekannten Fertigbauteilelemente können fabrikmäßig vorbereitet und vor Ort auf vorbereitetem Untergrund verlegt werden, beispielsweise einem hierfür vorgesehenen Kies- oder Schotterbett, auf dem das Bauelement mit seiner Fundamentplatte abgestellt wird. Mit dem bekannten Fertigbauteilelement, das als Einzelsteine relativ große Natursteine vorschlägt, die einreihig auf der Fundamentplatte angeordnet werden, ist es möglich, das gewünschte Bauteil in Abschnitten beispielsweise im Winter in einer geschützten Halle vorzufertigen und mit Hilfe von geeigneten Gerätschaften dann an Ort und Stelle einzubauen.By the EP 1 254 999 A1 a generic prefabricated element element has been proposed, with a steel-reinforced foundation part and attached thereto, visible stones, which are natural stones, which are connected before delivery of the prefabricated element element with this. The known prefabricated elements can be factory prepared and laid on site on prepared ground, for example, a designated gravel or ballast bed on which the device is placed with its foundation plate. With the known prefabricated element element, which proposes as single stones relatively large natural stones, which are arranged in a single row on the foundation plate, it is possible to prefabricate the desired component in sections, for example in winter in a sheltered hall and then install with the help of suitable equipment in place ,

Ein Nachteil bei den bekannten Fertigbauteilelementen besteht darin, dass zwar mit den auf der Fundamentplatte errichteten (Natur-) Steinen der optisch schöne Eindruck einer individuellen (Natur-) Steinmauer erzeugt wird, der Umfangsrand des aus Beton bestehenden Fundaments aber diesen ersten Eindruck Lügen straft. Möchte man, dass nur die massiven Natursteine sichtbar sind, ist es mit den bekannten Bauelementen erforderlich, das Fundamentteil so auszugestalten, dass es später sicher mit Erde bedeckt ist. Dies erfordert nicht nur zusätzlichen Aufwand beim Errichten der Bauwerke, da diese hierbei in das bestehende Erdreich eingelassen werden müssen, sondern es kommt auch häufig dazu, dass im Laufe der Zeit das rings um die Fundamentplatte aufgeworfene Erdreich absackt oder durch Regen weggespült wird und die Fundamentplatte dann wieder zu Tage tritt.A disadvantage of the known Fertigbauteilelementen is that although created with the built on the foundation plate (natural) stones of optically beautiful impression of an individual (natural) stone wall, the peripheral edge of the existing concrete foundation but this first impression lies. If you want that only the solid natural stones are visible, it is necessary with the known components to design the foundation part so that it is later safely covered with soil. This not only requires additional effort when building the structures, since this must be embedded in the existing soil here, but it also often happens that in the course of time, the soil raised around the foundation plate sags or is washed away by rain and the foundation plate then come to light again.

Ein weiterer, unter Umständen schwerwiegender Nachteil besteht bei den bekannten Fertigbauteilelementen darin, dass Wasser von der Fundamentplatte nicht zuverlässig abgeführt wird, sondern sich vielmehr auf der Platte sammeln kann. Wenn solches Wasser gefriert, kommt es zu Frostschäden an den auf der Platte aufgeschichteten Natursteinen, die Mauer wird von unten instabil. Wenn die Platte geneigt angeordnet wird, um diesem Problem zu begegnen und ein Ablaufen des Wasser so zu bewirken, läuft das Wasser über den Plattenrand, was dort hässliche Rostflecken durch eine verbaute Armierung oder andere, nachfolgend noch erläuterte Nachteile zur Folge hat.Another, possibly serious disadvantage is the known prefabricated elements in the fact that water is not reliably dissipated by the foundation plate, but rather can collect on the plate. If such water freezes, frost damage occurs to the natural stones piled on the plate, the wall becomes unstable from below. If the plate is tilted to address this problem and cause the drainage of the water so, the water runs over the edge of the plate, which there ugly rust spots by a built-in reinforcement or other, explained below disadvantages result.

Ein Fertigbauteilelement der eingangs genannten Art kann so ausgestaltet sein, dass auch am Umfangsrand der Fundamentplatte der optische Eindruck des auf der Platte errichteten Mauerstücks, also beispielsweise einer Natursteinmauer entsteht und das Bauteilelement somit ohne Verlust im optischen Gesamteindruck unmittelbar auf dem vorhandenen Untergrund, auch temporär, platziert werden kann, ohne in diesen eingelassen werden zu müssen, indem die Fundamentplatte an wenigstens einer Teilfläche ihres Umfangsrands mit Blendsteinen verkleidet ist, deren optisches Erscheinungsbild an das des auf der Fundamentplatte errichteten Mauerstücks bzw. der dafür verwendeten Mauersteine angepasst ist.A Fertigbauteilelement of the type mentioned can be designed so that even at the peripheral edge of the foundation plate of the optical impression of the wall piece erected on the plate, so for example a natural stone wall and the component element thus without loss in the overall visual impression directly on the existing surface, even temporarily, can be placed without having to be embedded in this by the foundation plate is covered on at least a portion of its peripheral edge with pebbles, whose visual appearance is adapted to that of the built on the foundation plate wall piece or the bricks used for it.

In diesem Fall wird also der von der Fundamentplatte gebildete Sockel des Fertigbauteilelements mit im Vergleich zu den auf der Fundamentplatte aufgebauten Mauersteinen dünnen, riemchen- oder fliesenartigen Steinen verblendet, wobei dieser Arbeitsschritt entweder nach dem Aufbau der Fertigbauteilelemente am fertigen Aufstellort erfolgen kann oder aber schon am Fertigungsort des Bauteilelements, z. B. in einer Halle, was den Vorteil hat, dass Witterungseinflüsse während der Abbindephase des zum Anbringen der Blendsteine verwendeten Klebers oder Mörtels vermieden werden und es somit nicht zu Ausblühungen kommt. Wenn überhaupt, ist nur aus großer Nähe erkennbar, dass das Bauwerk an seinem unteren Rand nicht massiv gemauert, sondern in diesem Bereich ein Mauerverbund lediglich 'vorgetäuscht' ist. Die Blendsteine werden bevorzugt einzeln an der zu verkleidenden (Teil-) Fläche des Umfangsrands der Fundamentplatte angeklebt, wobei die zwischen den einzelnen Blendsteinen verbleibenden Fugen unausgefüllt bleiben können, beispielsweise, wenn der optische Charakter eines Trockenmauerbauwerks über dessen gesamte Höhe erhalten bleiben soll.In this case, therefore, the base of the prefabricated element element formed by the foundation plate is compared with the built on the base plate bricks thin, strap or tile-like stones, this step can be done either after the construction of prefabricated elements on the finished installation or already on Production location of the component element, eg. As in a hall, which has the advantage that weather conditions are avoided during the setting phase of the glue or mortar used for attaching the facing stones and thus it does not come to efflorescence. If anything, it can only be seen from close proximity that the building is not solidly masonry at its lower edge, but in this area a wall bond is merely 'simulated'. The blocks are preferably adhered individually to the (partial) surface of the peripheral edge of the foundation plate to be covered, wherein the remaining between the individual blocks remaining joints can remain unfilled, for example, if the optical character of a drywall construction over its entire height is to be maintained.

Will man als Blendsteine dickere Steine anbringen, ist es möglich, am unteren Rand der Platte einen Stützwinkel anzubringen, der dann die Hauptlast der dickeren Steine abfängt und in die Fundamentplatte abträgt (Fig.7).If you want to attach thicker stones as facing stones, it is possible to attach a support bracket at the bottom of the plate, which then catches the main load of the thicker stones and removes them into the foundation plate ( Figure 7 ).

Die Fundamentplatte des erfindungsgemäßen Bauteilelements besteht vorzugsweise aus armiertem Beton. Um bei einem gattungsgemäßen Fertigbauteilelement außerdem sicherzustellen, dass Wasser zuverlässig abgeführt wird, ohne jedoch in nennenswertem Umfang seitlich über den Rand der Fundamentplatte abzufließen, ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass die Fundamentplatte mit mindestens einem, von ihrem Umfangsrand beabstandeten und die Platte in einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel von ihrer Oberseite zur Unterseite durchsetzenden Drainagedurchlass versehen ist, durch den in das Mauerstück oberhalb der Fundamentplatte eingedrungenes Wasser nach unten ablaufen kann. Die Drainageöffnung kann hierdurch verhindern, dass das Wasser seitlich über den Rand der Fundamentplatte gelangt. Soweit am Rand der Fundamentplatte Blendsteine angeordnet sind, wird deren Befestigung am Umfangsrand der Fundamentplatte durch den die Platte von oben nach unten durchsetzenden Drainagedurchlass frostsicher, denn wenn kein Wasser über den Rand abläuft, kann es sich auch nicht in nennenswertem Umfang zwischen den Blendsteinen und dem Umfangsrand der Fundamentplatte sammeln und dadurch bei Temperaturen unterhalb des Gefrierpunkts frieren und dann zu einem Abplatzen der Blendsteine führen. Der Drainagedurchlass muss aber die Fundamentplatte nicht zwingend von ihrer Oberseite nach unten durchsetzen. Beispielsweise ist es bei Elementen, die zur Errichtung einer Böschungsmauer vorgesehen sind, möglich, den Drainagedurchlass nach hinten zur Rückseite der Böschungsmauer zu richten und den Auslass des Drainagekanals falls gewünscht dort an eine Entwässerung anzuschließen.The foundation plate of the component element according to the invention is preferably made of reinforced concrete. In order to ensure in a generic prefabricated element element also that water is reliably dissipated, but without flowing to a significant extent laterally over the edge of the foundation plate, is according to the invention provided that the foundation plate with at least one, from spaced from its peripheral edge and the plate is provided in a preferred embodiment of its top to bottom passing through drainage passage through which in the wall piece above the foundation plate penetrated water can drain down. The drainage opening can thereby prevent the water from reaching the edge of the foundation plate laterally. As far as the edge plate foundation blocks are arranged, their attachment to the peripheral edge of the foundation plate by the plate from top to bottom passing through drainage passage frostproof, because if no water drains over the edge, it can not be a significant extent between the blend blocks and the Collect the perimeter edge of the foundation plate and freeze at temperatures below freezing and then cause the pebbles to flake off. However, the drainage passage does not necessarily have to pass through the foundation plate from its top down. For example, with elements provided for the construction of an embankment wall, it is possible to direct the drainage passage rearwardly to the rear of the slope wall and, if desired, to connect the outlet of the drainage channel there to drainage.

Um das Ablaufen des eingetretenen Wassers hin zum Drainagedurchlass zusätzlich zu begünstigen, ist es erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass die Oberseite der Fundamentplatte mit einem Gefälle zum Einlauf des Drainagedurchlasses versehen ist. Hierdurch werden auch im Bereich der Fundamentplatte zwei eine Trockenmauer kennzeichnende Merkmale erreicht, nämlich wasserdurchlässig zu sein und eingetretenes Wasser zuverlässig abzuführen. Das Ergebnis ist ein Trockenmauercharakter des Fertigelements.In order to additionally promote the run-off of the water entering the drainage passage, it is provided according to the invention that the upper side of the foundation slab is provided with a gradient to the inlet of the drainage passage. As a result, in the area of the foundation slab, two characteristic features of a drywall are achieved, namely, to be permeable to water and reliably to drain off any water that has entered. The result is a drywall character of the finished element.

Als weiterhin besonders vorteilhaft hat sich eine Ausgestaltung erwiesen, bei der die Fundamentplatte an ihrer Unterseite mit mindestens zwei sich zwischen zwei Seiten der Fundamentplatte erstreckenden Aussparungen versehen ist, deren Abmessungen bevorzugt an die Abmessungen eines für den Transport des Fertigbauteilelements angepassten Hebemittels angepasst sind. Bei dem Hebemittel kann es sich beispielsweise um die Hubgabel eines Gabelstaplers handeln, deren Hubzinken in die dann parallel zueinander angeordneten Aussparungen wie bei einer Transportpalette einfassen können. Als Hebemittel für das Fertigbauteilelement können sich aber auch für das Gewicht des Bauelements ausgelegte Transportgurte eignen, mit deren Hilfe das Bauelement mit einem Kran oder dgl. angehoben werden kann. Die an der Unterseite der Fundamentplatte vorgesehenen, vorzugsweise sich von der einen zur anderen Seite durchgehend erstreckenden Aussparungen können im aufgestellten Zustand des Fertigbauteilelements an der sichtbaren Seite mit einem Verschlussstein geschlossen werden. Sie können auch zur Aufnahme von unterhalb des Bauelements verlegten Leitungen, beispielsweise Elektro- oder Wasserleitungen dienen, was insbesondere bei Verwendung der Erfindung für Möbel oder Mauern mit integrierter Beleuchtung oder auch für ein fertiges Duschelement vorteilhaft ist. Ganz besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn der mindestens eine Drainagedurchlass auslaufseitig in eine der Aussparungen mündet, wobei die betreffende Aussparung dann sicherstellt, dass das von der Oberseite der Fundamentplatte durch den Drainagedurchlass abgeführte Wasser sich unterhalb der Fundamentplatte nicht stauen kann, sondern zuverlässig zu dem offenen Ende an der einen oder anderen Seite der Fundamentplatte abgeführt wird.As a further particularly advantageous embodiment, in which the base plate is provided on its underside with at least two recesses extending between two sides of the foundation plate whose dimensions are preferably adapted to the dimensions of a adapted for the transport of prefabricated element element lifting means. The lifting means may, for example, be the forklift of a forklift, the lifting prongs of which may be enclosed in the recesses, which are then arranged parallel to one another, like a transport pallet. As lifting means for the prefabricated element element but also designed for the weight of the component conveyor belts may be suitable, by means of which the device can be lifted by a crane or the like. The provided on the underside of the foundation plate, preferably extending from one to the other side continuously recesses can be closed in the erected state of Fertigbauteilelements on the visible side with a closure stone. They can also serve to accommodate laid under the component lines, such as electrical or water pipes, which is particularly when using the invention for furniture or walls with integrated lighting or Also advantageous for a finished shower element. It is particularly advantageous if the at least one drainage outlet opens into one of the recesses on the outflow side, wherein the recess in question then ensures that the water discharged from the top side of the foundation plate through the drainage passage can not accumulate below the foundation plate, but reliably to the open one End is dissipated on one or the other side of the foundation plate.

Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn die einzelnen Mauersteine untereinander und/oder mit der Fundamentplatte punktuell unter Bildung von dazwischen freibleibenden Fugen und/ oder Spalten mit Natursteinkleber verklebt sind, bzw. in Richtung Hohlräume in der Mitte einer Mauer vor dem Verfüllen mit Einkornbeton punktuell Kleber in Richtung Einkornbeton an die Natursteine anzubringen, um hierdurch eine Haftbrücke zwischen den Natursteinen und dem auch als Filterbeton bezeichneten Einkornbeton herzustellen. Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft die unterste äußere Lage Natursteinmauer im Randbereich der Betonplatte mit einem 3-8 cm breiten Natursteinkleberstreifen umlaufend durchgängig abzudichten und hierdurch ein Austreten von von oben kommendem Wasser über den Plattenrand zu verhindern und eine Ableitung hin zu den dafür vorgesehenen Drainagelöchern zu begünstigen. Durch die Verklebung der Mauersteine untereinander und mit der Fundamentplatte erhält man zuverlässig eine hohe Stabilität des Fertigbauteilelements auch während dessen Transport und beim Ausrichten in die gewünschte Höhen- und Seitenlage an der Baustelle. Indem die Steine nur punktuell untereinander und mit der Fundamentplatte verbunden werden und zwischen den Einzelsteinen und der Fundamentplatte Fugen und/oder Spalten verbleiben, die bei größeren Hohlräumen zur Elementmitte hin in der Regel mit Einkornbeton verfüllt sind, ist eine Wasserabfuhr nach unten durch den mindestens einen Drainagedurchlass und damit die Frostsicherheit des Bauwerks gewährleistet. Es ist auch möglich, von der Fundamentplatte zum Einkornbeton eine Anschlussbewehrung vorzusehen, um eine noch höhere Stabilität (z.B. bei hohen Elementen) zu erreichen.It is advantageous if the individual bricks are adhesively bonded with each other and / or with the foundation plate punctually to form joints and / or columns with natural stone adhesive, or in the direction of cavities in the middle of a wall before filling with Einkornbeton selective glue in the direction To apply einkornbeton to the natural stones, thereby creating a bonding bridge between the natural stones and also referred to as filter concrete einkornbeton. Furthermore, it is advantageous to seal the lowest outer layer of natural stone wall in the edge region of the concrete slab with a 3-8 cm wide natural stone adhesive strip circumferentially continuous and thereby prevent leakage of water coming from above the edge of the plate and to promote a discharge to the designated drainage holes. By bonding the bricks with each other and with the foundation plate you get reliable high stability of Fertigbauteilelements also during its transport and alignment in the desired height and lateral position at the site. By the stones are only selectively connected to each other and with the foundation plate and remain between the individual stones and the foundation plate joints and / or columns, which are filled at larger cavities towards the middle of the element usually with Einkornbeton, is a water drain down through the at least one Drainage passage and thus ensures the frost resistance of the building. It is also possible to provide a connection reinforcement from the foundation plate to the single-grain concrete in order to achieve an even higher stability (for example at high elements).

Die zur Verkleidung der Fundamentplatte verwendeten Blendsteine weisen vorzugsweise an ihrer Rückseite eine glatte, bearbeitete Fläche auf, mit der sie am Umfangsrand der Fundamentplatte im Wesentlichen vollflächig angeklebt sind oder werden. Als glatte Fläche soll in diesem Zusammenhang nicht zwingend eine über die gesamte Größe des Steins vollständig ebene (beispielsweise gesägte oder geschliffene) Fläche verstanden werden, eine geeignete Kalibrierung kann auch mit verhältnismäßig grobe Resultate bewirkenden Werkzeugen wie einem Meißel erreicht werden.The facing bricks used for cladding the foundation plate preferably have on their rear side a smooth, machined surface, with which they are adhered to the peripheral edge of the foundation plate substantially over the entire surface or are. As a smooth surface should not necessarily be understood in this context a completely flat over the entire size of the stone (for example sawn or ground), a suitable calibration can be achieved even with relatively rough results causing tools such as a chisel.

Vorteilhafterweise steht das Mauerstück wenigstens im Bereich der mit Blendsteinen verkleideten Teilfläche seitlich über den Umfangsrad der Fundamentplatte um einen Betrag über, der der Dicke der verwendeten Blendsteine jedenfalls annähernd entspricht. Im fertigen Zustand ergibt sich dann zwischen Fundamentplatte und dem darauf errichteten Mauerstück keine Stufe oder Absatz, sondern die Blendsteine und die auf dem Fundament aufragende Mauer bilden eine koplanare Fläche.Advantageously, the wall piece projects at least in the area of the cladded with face bricks sub-surface laterally beyond the peripheral wheel of the foundation plate by an amount corresponding to the thickness of the used flash bricks in any case approximately. In the finished state then results between the foundation plate and the On this piece of wall erected no step or step, but the stone blocks and the towering wall on the foundation form a coplanar surface.

Die Fundamentplatte kann an ihrer Unterseite mit einer vorzugsweise elastischen Anti-Rutsch-Schicht versehen sein, beispielsweise einer Gummimatte, einer Geo-Textilmatte oder dgl., so dass eine besonders gute Standsicherheit erreicht wird, und auch der Belag des Aufstellortes geschont wird, was wichtig ist, da auch an den temporären Einsatz der Elemente angedacht ist, z.B. Biergärten, Ausstellungen, Schulhöfe, Messen, Veranstaltungen, Barrieren für Fußgängerzonen Parkplätze, vorrübergehende Werbeschilder u.dgl..The foundation plate may be provided on its underside with a preferably elastic non-slip layer, such as a rubber mat, a geo-textile mat or the like., So that a particularly good stability is achieved, and the covering of the installation is spared, which is important is, as is also thought of the temporary use of the elements, eg Beer gardens, exhibitions, schoolyards, fairs, events, barriers for pedestrian parking areas, temporary advertising signs and the like.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren, das mit den Fertigbauteilelementen nach der Erfindung ausgeführt wird, zeichnet sich durch die folgenden Verfahrens schritte aus:

  • 1. a) Bestimmen der Form und Abmessungen für die Fundamentplatte(n) des oder der Fertigbauteilelements/e und Herstellen der Fundamentplatte(n) in der festgelegten Form und den festgelegten Abmessungen bevorzugt aus armiertem Beton;
  • 1. b) Errichten des Mauerstücks auf der derart fertig gestellten Fundamentplatte aus Einzelsteinen, wobei das Mauerstück wenigstens an einem Teilstück der Platte seitlich ein Stück weit über deren Umfangsrand vorkragt, wobei die Einzelsteine untereinander und/oder mit der Fundamentplatte punktuell unter Bildung von dazwischen freibleibenden Fugen und/oder Spalten verklebt werden;
  • 1. c) Transport des oder der derart vorgefertigten Fertigbauteilelements/e an ihren gewünschten Installationsstandort und Aufstellen durch Absetzen der Fundamentplatte(n) auf dem hierfür vorgesehenen, gegebenenfalls vorbereiteten Untergrund; und
  • 1. d) Verblenden von zumindest dem Teilstück des Umfangsrands unterhalb der über diesen vorspringenden Einzelsteine mit am Umfangsrand befestigten Blendsteinen, deren Dicke an das Maß des Steinüberstands angepasst ist.
The inventive method, which is carried out with the prefabricated element elements according to the invention, is characterized by the following method steps:
  • 1. a) determining the shape and dimensions for the foundation plate (s) of the prefabricated element (s) and making the foundation plate (s) in the specified shape and dimensions preferably of reinforced concrete;
  • 1. b) erecting the piece of wall on the thus completed foundation slab of individual bricks, the bricks projecting laterally at least a portion of the plate a bit far beyond the peripheral edge, the individual stones with each other and / or with the foundation plate punctiform to form therebetween Joints and / or columns are glued;
  • 1. c) transport of the prefabricated component element (s) prefabricated in this way to its desired installation location and setting up by depositing the foundation plate (s) on the prepared, optionally prepared substrate; and
  • 1. d) Blending of at least the portion of the peripheral edge below the projecting over these individual stones with attached to the peripheral edge Blendsteinen whose thickness is adapted to the size of the stone protrusion.

Verfahrensgemäß ist es damit möglich, die Fundamentplatte für ein jedes Fertigbauteilelement individuell in ihrer Form und ihren Abmessungen nach den Gegebenheiten am Ort der späteren Errichtung des Bauwerks oder Freiluftmöbels zu bestimmen und hiernach eine individuelle Gussform für eine Beton-Fundamentplatte anzufertigen. Auch wenn es sich also um Fertigbauteilelemente handelt, mit deren Hilfe das Bauwerk oder Freiluftmöbel errichtet wird, sind die Abmessungen und die Form dieses Fertigbauteilelements ganz individuell festlegbar, die Handwerker müssen also nicht etwa auf Standardformen oder Maße der Bauteile zurückgreifen.According to the method, it is thus possible to determine the foundation plate for each precast element element individually in their shape and dimensions according to the circumstances at the site of the later construction of the building or outdoor furniture and hereafter produce an individual casting mold for a concrete foundation slab. So even if it is prefabricated elements, with the help of the building or open-air furniture is built, the dimensions and shape of Fertigbauteilelements are individually determined, the craftsmen must therefore not fall back on standard shapes or dimensions of the components.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ermöglicht es in vorteilhafter Weise, dass das oder die Fertigbauteilelement(e) an einer entfernt vom Ort der Errichtung des Bauwerks oder Freiluftmöbels gelegenen Produktionsstätte zu produzieren und nach Fertigstellung zum Aufbauort zu verbringen und an diesem aufzustellen. Hierzu ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn jede Fundamentplatte an ihrer Unterseite mit mindestens zwei vorzugsweise zueinander parallel verlaufenden Aussparungen versehen ist und der Transport des betroffenen Fertigbauteilelements mittels einer Fördervorrichtung mit einem in die Aussparungen einfassenden Hebemittel, beispielsweise der Hubgabel eines Gabelstaplers, erfolgt. Natürlich lässt sich ein solches Fertigbauteilelement auch mit geeigneten Transportgurten oder -riemen anheben, die dann durch die Aussparungen an der Unterseite der Fundamentplatte hindurchgezogen werden können.The inventive method makes it possible in an advantageous manner that the or to produce the precast element (s) on a production site remote from the site of the construction or open-air furniture and, after completion, to spend on the construction site and place it there. For this purpose, it is particularly advantageous if each foundation plate is provided on its underside with at least two preferably mutually parallel recesses and the transport of the affected Fertigbauteilelements by means of a conveyor device with a bordering in the recesses lifting means, for example, the lifting fork of a forklift takes place. Of course, such a prefabricated element element can also be lifted with suitable conveyor belts or straps, which can then be pulled through the recesses on the underside of the foundation plate.

In einer ebenfalls vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist es verfahrensmäßig möglich, bei zwei am Aufstellort unmittelbar aneinander angrenzend platzierten Fertigbauteilelementen beim Errichten der betreffenden Mauerstücke diese mit an den späteren Stoßflächen vorgesehenen, miteinander korrespondierenden Lücken aufzubauen, die dann nach dem Aufstellen der beiden Fertigbauteilelemente mit diese übergreifenden Verbundsteinen ausgefüllt werden. Hierdurch wird nicht nur ein formschlüssiger Verbund zwischen zwei benachbart aufgestellten Wandelementen erzeugt, sondern es wird auch der optische Eindruck einer von oben nach unten durchgehenden vertikalen Fuge vermieden.In a likewise advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is procedurally possible to build at two at the installation directly adjacent to each other placed prefabricated elements when erecting the relevant pieces of wall with provided at the later abutment surfaces, corresponding gaps, which then after setting up the two prefabricated elements with this cross-over Compound stones are filled. As a result, not only is a positive connection between two adjacently erected wall elements produced, but it is also the visual impression of a top-down continuous vertical joint avoided.

Ein weiteres positives Merkmal von Trockenmauern ist es, dass keinerlei Ausblühungen möglich sind, da kein Mörtel verwendet wird. Auch dieses Merkmal trifft auf diese Erfindung zu, da der verwendete Einkornbeton bzw. Kleber bedingt durch die witterungsunabhängige Bauweise, völlig aushärten kann und daher in der Regel nicht mehr ausblüht. Diese Merkmale, insbesondere keine Verfugung, schließt Reparaturanfälligkeit aus.Another positive feature of dry stone walls is that no efflorescence is possible because no mortar is used. This feature also applies to this invention, since the Einkornbeton or adhesive used due to the weather-independent design, can cure completely and therefore usually no longer blooms. These features, in particular no jointing, excludes repair susceptibility.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und der Zeichnung, worin bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung anhand von Beispielen näher erläutert sind. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 ein erfindungsgemäßes Fertigbauteilelement in verschiedenen Stadien seiner Fertigstellung in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;
  • Fig. 2 das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Fertigbauteilelement im fertig gestellten Zustand in einer um 90° verdreht gezeigten perspektivischen Darstellung;
  • Fig. 3 eine andere Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Fertigbauteilelements in perspektivischer Darstellung;
  • Fig. 4 ein aus mehreren Fertigbauteilelementen der erfindungsgemäßen Art errichtetes Bauwerk in perspektivischer Darstellung;
  • Fig. 5 eine weitere Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Fertigbauteilelements;
  • Fig. 6 eine mit erfindungsgemäßen Fertigbauteilelementen einer vierten Ausführungsform errichtete Böschungsmauer in einer Seitenansicht und teilweise im Schnitt; und
  • Fig. 7 bis 10 weitere Ausführungsformen von erfindungsgemäßen Fertigbauteilelementen in unterschiedlichen Stadien ihrer Fertigstellung in perspektivischer Darstellung.
Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description and the drawings, wherein preferred embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail by way of examples. It shows:
  • Fig. 1 a prefabricated element element according to the invention in various stages of its completion in a perspective view;
  • Fig. 2 this in Fig. 1 finished prefabricated element shown in the finished state in a rotated by 90 ° shown perspective view;
  • Fig. 3 another embodiment of a prefabricated element element according to the invention in a perspective view;
  • Fig. 4 a built of several prefabricated elements of the type according to the invention construction in perspective view;
  • Fig. 5 a further embodiment of a prefabricated component element according to the invention;
  • Fig. 6 a slope wall constructed with prefabricated structural elements according to a fourth embodiment of the invention in a side view and partly in section; and
  • Fig. 7 to 10 Further embodiments of precast element elements according to the invention in different stages of their completion in a perspective view.

Die in den Zeichnungen dargestellten und in ihrer Gesamtheit mit 10 bezeichneten Fertigbauteilelemente können insbesondere im Garten- und Landschaftsbau zum Einsatz kommen, wo es gilt, Mauern oder andere Bauwerke einschließlich sogenannter Freiluftmöbel zu errichten. Die erfindungsgemäßen Fertigbauteilelemente eignen sich in besonders vorteilhafter Weise dazu, Bauwerke oder Möbel mit dem optischen Eindruck einer Natursteinmauer, insbesondere auch einer Trockenmauer schnell zu errichten, wobei die örtlichen Gegebenheiten am Aufstellort individuell berücksichtigt werden können.The prefabricated elements shown in the drawings and designated in their entirety by 10 can be used in particular in gardening and landscaping, where it is necessary to build walls or other structures including so-called open-air furniture. The finished component elements according to the invention are particularly suitable for building structures or furniture with the visual impression of a natural stone wall, especially a drywall to build quickly, the local conditions can be considered individually at the installation.

Die Fertigbauteilelemente 10 weisen jeweils eine Fundamentplatte 11 aus bewehrtem Beton auf, auf deren Oberseite 12 ein aus einzelnen Natursteinen 13 wie beispielsweise aus gebrochener Grauwacke oder anderen Natursteinarten angeordnetes Mauerstück 14 aufgemauert ist. Dabei ist die Anordnung so getroffen, dass das Mauerstück 14 in bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung jedenfalls an einer Teilfläche 15 des Umfangsrands 16 der Fundamentplatte 11, welche Teilfläche nach dem Einbau des jeweiligen Fertigbauteilelements sichtbar bleibt, seitlich über den Umfangsrand 16 der Fundamentplatte 11 ein Stück weit übersteht.The finished component elements 10 each have a foundation slab 11 made of reinforced concrete, on the upper side 12 of which a piece of natural stone 13, such as broken greywacke or other types of natural stone arranged wall piece 14 is bricked up. In this case, the arrangement is such that the wall piece 14 in a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least on a partial surface 15 of the peripheral edge 16 of the foundation plate 11, which partial surface remains visible after installation of the respective Fertigbauteilelements, laterally beyond the peripheral edge 16 of the foundation plate 11 a piece survives.

Im eingebauten Zustand des jeweiligen Fertigbauteilelements ist dann wenigstens diese Teilfläche 15 des Umfangsrands mit Blendsteinen 17 verkleidet, deren optisches Erscheinungsbild an das der auf der Fundamentplatte vermauerten Natursteine bzw. des daraus errichteten Mauerstücks 14 angepasst ist. Die Blendsteine 17 bestehen hierzu bevorzugt aus demselben Material wie die Natursteine 13, indem sie als sogenannte 'Riemchen' aus den Natursteinen beispielsweise mit Hilfe einer Steinsäge geschnitten sind. Die Dicke der am Umfangsrand 16 der Fundamentplatte vorzugsweise mittels Natursteinkleber angeklebten Blendsteine 17 entspricht dabei jedenfalls annähernd dem Maß, um das das auf der Fundamentplatte errichtete Mauerstück 14 seitlich über den Umfangsrad der Fundamentplatte übersteht, so dass sich nach dem Anbringen der Blendsteine eine über die Höhe im Wesentlichen stufenlose und optisch einheitliche Fläche ergibt, jedenfalls was die Art der für das Mauerwerk verwendeten Steine angeht.In the installed state of the respective prefabricated component element, at least this partial surface 15 of the peripheral edge is then covered with blend blocks 17 whose optical appearance is adapted to that of the natural stone walled up on the foundation plate or of the wall piece 14 erected therefrom. The blocks 17 are preferably made of the same material as the natural stones 13 by being cut as so-called 'straps' from the natural stones, for example with the aid of a stone saw. The thickness of the peripheral edge 16 of the foundation plate preferably glued by means of natural stone glare stones 17 corresponds in any case approximately the extent to which the wall piece 14 erected on the foundation plate projects laterally beyond the peripheral wheel of the foundation plate, so that after attaching the facing stones on the height Essentially stepless and visually uniform surface results, at least as far as the type of stones used for the masonry.

An ihrer Unterseite 18 ist die Fundamentplatte 11 eines jeden der Fertigbauteilelemente 10 mit zwei sich zwischen den Längsseiten 19 der Fundamentplatte erstreckenden Aussparungen 20 versehen, die jeweils so breit und so hoch bemessen sind, dass in sie die Hubbalken der Hubgabel eines Gabelstaplers (nicht dargestellt) eingeführt werden können. Hierdurch wird es möglich, die Fertigbauteilelemente mit Hilfe eines Gabelstaplers anzuheben, zu transportieren und am gewünschten Aufstellort wieder abzusetzen, ohne dass hierfür unter der Fundamentplatte Kanthölzer o.dgl. platziert werden müssten. Natürlich können die Fertigbauteilelemente auch mit anderen geeigneten Hebemitteln angehoben werden, beispielsweise mit Hilfe von durch die Aussparungen 20 hindurchgezogenen Hebegurten, an denen ein Transporthaken eines Krans oder dgl. angeschlossen werden kann.On its underside 18, the foundation plate 11 of each of the prefabricated elements 10 is provided with two extending between the longitudinal sides 19 of the foundation plate recesses 20, each of which is so wide and so high are that in them the lifting bars of the lifting fork of a forklift (not shown) can be introduced. This makes it possible to lift the Fertigbauteilelemente with the help of a forklift, to transport and settle again at the desired location without this or the like under the foundation plate squared timbers. would have to be placed. Of course, the Fertigbauteilelemente can be lifted with other suitable lifting means, for example by means of pulled through the recesses 20 slings to which a transport hook of a crane or the like. Can be connected.

In Fig. 1 kann man gut erkennen, dass die Oberseite 12 der Fundamentplatte 11 nicht eben ausgestaltet ist, sondern dass ein schematisch mit vier Linien 21 angedeutetes Gefälle hin zu mindestens einem zentralen Bereich 22 in der Platte vorgesehen ist, in welchem Bereich die Fundamentplatte mit einem sie von ihrer Oberseite 12 zur Unterseite 18 durchsetzenden Drainagedurchlass 23 versehen ist. Der Einlauf 24 des Drainagedurchlasses befindet sich dabei an der jeweils tiefsten Stelle des Gefälles 21, auslaufseitig mündet der Drainagedurchlass in eine der Aussparungen 20, wie man dies in Fig. 1 gut erkennen kann. Es versteht sich, dass bei dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel auch unterhalb des dort gezeigten Mauerstücks in der Fundamentplatte ein solches Gefälle vorhanden ist, das zum Einlauf eines zweiten Drainagedurchlasses führt, der dann in die zweite der beiden Aussparungen (in Fig. 1 hinten) mündet.In Fig. 1 can be easily seen that the top 12 of the base plate 11 is not configured flat, but that a schematically indicated by four lines 21 slope is provided to at least one central region 22 in the plate, in which area the base plate with a you from their Top 12 to the bottom 18 passing through drainage passage 23 is provided. The inlet 24 of the drainage passage is located at the respective lowest point of the slope 21, the outlet side discharges the drainage passage into one of the recesses 20, as can be seen in Fig. 1 can recognize well. It is understood that in the in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment, below the wall section shown there in the foundation plate such a gradient is present, which leads to the inlet of a second drainage passage, which then in the second of the two recesses (in Fig. 1 behind) opens.

Diese besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung bewirkt in vorteilhafter Weise, dass in das Mauerwerk eintretendes Wasser, das durch die Fugen/Spalten 25 und dazwischen zur Verfestigung stellenweise eingebauten Einkornbeton 42 zwischen den Mauersteinen 13 nach unten bis auf die Fundamentplatte fließt, infolge des vorgesehenen Gefälles 21 ins Zentrum der Fundamentplatte, also weg von deren Umfangsrand 16 geleitet und dort durch den Drainagedurchlass nach unten abgeführt wird. Das Wasser läuft also nicht seitlich über den Rand der Fundamentplatte und damit hinter die Blendsteine, so dass zwischen diesen die Fugen wasserfrei bleiben und auch der zum Befestigen der Blendsteine am Umfangsrand der Fundamentplatte verwendete Natursteinkleber oder Mörtel weitgehend trocken gehalten wird. Hierdurch wird die Frostsicherheit der erfindungsgemäßen Konstruktion gewährleistet, so dass die Blendsteine im Winter bei Temperaturen unter dem Gefrierpunkt nicht abplatzen.This particularly preferred embodiment of the invention effected in an advantageous manner that entering the masonry water flowing through the joints / columns 25 and between them for solidification locally einkornbeton 42 flows between the bricks 13 down to the foundation plate, due to the intended slope 21st to the center of the foundation plate, that is guided away from the peripheral edge 16 and is discharged there through the drainage passage down. So the water does not run sideways over the edge of the foundation plate and thus behind the blocks, so that between them the joints remain anhydrous and also used to attach the facing stones on the peripheral edge of the foundation plate natural stone adhesive or mortar is kept largely dry. As a result, the frost resistance of the construction according to the invention is ensured, so that the blocks do not flake off in winter at temperatures below freezing.

Damit die einzelnen Natursteine, die auf der Fundamentplatte zu dem Mauerstück 14 errichtet sind, sich insbesondere bei dem Transport der Fertigbauteilelemente nicht lockern und verschieben können, sind sie untereinander und mit der Fundamentplatte punktuell mit Natursteinkleber 43 verklebt, ohne dass dabei jedoch die Fugen und Spalten zwischen den Steinen vollständig ausgefüllt sind, es sei denn mit Einkornbeton. Hierdurch bleibt das optische Erscheinungsbild einer Trockenmauer also erhalten. Damit das Fertigbauteilelement am endgültigen oder temporären Aufstellort seine Position auch dann zuverlässig beibehält, wenn der Untergrund, auf dem das Bauteilelement abgestellt wird, eine glatte Oberfläche hat, beispielsweise eine Asphaltfläche ist, kann die Fundamentplatte 11 an ihrer Unterseite 18 mit einer Anti-Rutsch-Schicht 26 versehen sein, beispielsweise einem witterungsbeständigen Neoprengummi oder einem anderen geeigneten, vorzugsweise elastischen Material.Thus, the individual natural stones that are built on the foundation plate to the wall piece 14, especially in the transport of precast elements not loosen and move, they are with each other and with the foundation plate selectively glued with natural stone adhesive 43, but without the joints and columns between the stones are completely filled, except with Einkornbeton. As a result, the visual appearance of a drywall remains so preserved. So that the prefabricated element element at the final or temporary installation site maintains its position even when the substrate on which the component element is turned off, has a smooth surface, such as an asphalt surface, the foundation plate 11 may be provided on its underside 18 with an anti-slip layer 26, for example, a weather-resistant Neoprene rubber or another suitable, preferably elastic material.

Die Figuren zeigen, dass Fertigbauteilelemente nach der Erfindung verschieden gestaltet sein können und damit Bauwerke in Natursteinoptik der unterschiedlichsten Größen und Formen errichtet werden können. So zeigen Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 ein vergleichsweise einfach gestaltetes Fertigbauteilelement, bei dem die Fundamentplatte 11 einen rechteckigen Grundriss hat. Im Unterschied hierzu ist bei der zweiten Ausführungsform der Erfindung gemäß Fig. 3 die Fundamentplatte kreisbogenförmig gestaltet, wobei das darauf errichtete Mauerstück diese Bogenform entsprechend aufgreift. Bei beiden Ausführungsformen bestehen die Mauerstücke rechts- und linksseitig aus in der Tiefe und Höhe an die Dimension des Mauerstücks angepassten, großen Findlingssteinen 27 und einer zwischen diesen aus kleineren Steinen 28 errichteten Bruchsteinmauer 29, die bei der Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 3 von einer bündig mit den Oberseiten der Findlingssteine abschließenden Deckplatte 30 überdeckt ist. Damit eignet sich dieses Fertigbauteilelement gemäß Fig. 3 besonders gut als Sitzmöbel. Es kann beispielsweise zusammen mit weiteren entsprechend geformten Fertigbauteilelementen auf einem Schulhof zu einem kreisringförmigen Bauwerk zusammengestellt werden.The figures show that prefabricated components can be designed differently according to the invention and thus structures in natural stone optics of different sizes and shapes can be built. To show Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 a comparatively simple prefabricated component element, in which the foundation plate 11 has a rectangular plan. In contrast, in the second embodiment of the invention according to Fig. 3 the foundation plate designed in a circular arc, wherein the wall piece built thereon picks up this arch shape accordingly. In both embodiments, the wall pieces on the right and left side of the depth and height adapted to the dimension of the piece of wall, large boulder stones 27 and a built between these smaller stones 28 stone wall 29, in the embodiment according to Fig. 3 is covered by a flush with the tops of the boulders final cover plate 30. Thus, this prefabricated element element is suitable according to Fig. 3 especially good as seating. For example, it can be assembled together with other correspondingly shaped prefabricated elements elements on a schoolyard to form an annular structure.

Fig. 4 zeigt, wie Fertigbauteilelemente der erfindungsgemäßen Art neben- und übereinander zur Bildung einer Mauer errichtet werden können. Man erkennt, dass hierzu die Fertigbauteilelemente 10 im oberen Bereich der auf den Fundamentplatten errichteten Mauerstücke 14 an den Querseiten 31 der Bauteilelemente mit ausgesparten Lücken 32 versehen sind, wobei die Anordnung so getroffen ist, dass nach dem lagegerechten Aufstellen von zwei aneinander grenzenden Bauteilelementen die Lücken der beiden Bauteilelemente stufenlos ineinander übergehen. Diese Lücken werden dann mit einem beide Fertigbauteilelemente übergreifenden Verbundstein 33 ausgefüllt, wobei dieser zweckmäßig ergänzend noch mit Mörtel oder Natursteinkleber fixiert wird. Hierdurch wird nicht nur ein formschlüssiger Verband zwischen zwei benachbart aufgestellten Wandelementen erzeugt, sondern es wird auch die ansonsten von der Oberseite 12 zur Unterseite 18 der Fertigbauteilelemente durchgehende vertikale Fuge unterbrochen und somit der optische Eindruck einer durchgehend aus Einzelsteinen errichteten Wand unterstrichen. Fig. 4 shows how Fertigbauteilelemente of the inventive type can be built side by side and one above the other to form a wall. It can be seen that for this purpose the prefabricated elements 10 are provided in the upper region of the erected on the foundation plates wall pieces 14 on the transverse sides 31 of the component elements with recessed gaps 32, wherein the arrangement is such that after the positionally correct positioning of two adjacent component elements, the gaps the two component elements steplessly merge into one another. These gaps are then filled with a composite brick 33, both of which are prefabricated elements elements, this is suitably additionally fixed with mortar or natural stone adhesive. As a result, not only a positive association between two adjacently erected wall elements is generated, but it is also the otherwise interrupted from the top 12 to the bottom 18 of the prefabricated elements continuous vertical joint and thus emphasized the visual impression of a wall constructed of individual stones wall.

Fig. 4 zeigt auch, dass die Fertigbauteilelemente auch in mehreren Reihen übereinander aufgebaut werden können, wobei bei den beiden rechts dargestellten Bauteilelementen der Umfangsrand 16 der unteren Fundamentplatte 11 der beiden Elemente bereits mit Blendsteinen 17 verkleidet ist, während die beiden links gezeigten Bauteilelemente diese Verkleidung noch nicht aufweisen und der Betrachter somit noch die aus Beton bestehende Fundamentplatte sehen kann. Die Zeichnung zeigt schließlich auch noch eine Möglichkeit, die an der Unterseite 18 der Fundamentplatte ausgebildeten Aussparungen 20 optisch zu kaschieren, indem nämlich in diese ein Sichtstein 34 eingeschoben wird, dessen Querschnitt an den Querschnitt der Aussparung angepasst ist und der aus demselben Naturstein besteht wie das auf der Fundamentplatte errichtete Mauerstück. Fig. 4 also shows that the prefabricated elements can be constructed in several rows one above the other, wherein in the two component elements shown on the right side of the peripheral edge 16 of the lower base plate 11 of the two elements already covered with pebbles 17, while the two component elements shown on the left have not yet this panel and thus the viewer can still see the existing concrete foundation plate. Finally, the drawing also shows a possibility of optically concealing the recesses 20 formed on the underside 18 of the foundation plate by inserting into them a visual stone 34 whose cross section is adapted to the cross section of the recess and which consists of the same natural stone as the one Wall piece erected on the foundation plate.

Die in der Fig. 5 dargestellte Variante eines Fertigbauteilelements ist ein auf der Fundamentplatte 11 aus Natursteinen im Wesentlichen komplett vorgebauter Außenkamin 35, der genau wie die anderen Fertigbauteilelemente in Baueinheit am gewünschten Aufstellort abgestellt werden kann und damit innerhalb kürzester Zeit in Benutzung genommen werden kann. Es ist möglich, die Fundamentplatte an ihrem Umfangsrand bereits am Produktionsort mit den Blendsteinen 17 zur Verkleidung der Fundamentplatte aus Beton zu versehen oder aber die Blendsteine erst nach dem Aufstellen und Ausrichten des Bauteilelements am Umfangsrand anzukleben.The in the Fig. 5 illustrated variant of a Fertigbauteilelements is an on the foundation plate 11 made of natural stones substantially completely pre-assembled outer chimney 35, which can be parked exactly like the other prefabricated elements in unit at the desired location and thus can be used within a very short time in use. It is possible to provide the foundation plate at its peripheral edge already at the production site with the facing bricks 17 for cladding the foundation slab of concrete or to glue the bricks only after setting up and aligning the component element at the peripheral edge.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 6 haben die Fertigbauteilelemente 10, die auf einem Fundamentplattenelement wie in Fig. 9 dargestellt basieren und die hier zur Errichtung einer Böschungsmauer 36 dienen, an ihren Vorderseiten ein optisches Erscheinungsbild, das im Wesentlichen so aussehen kann wie bei den Fertigbauteilelementen gemäß Fig. 1 und 2. An der Rückseite 37 der Mauerstücke 14 befindet sich ein sich über die Höhe der Fertigbauteilelemente erstreckendes Betonwandstück 38, das einteilig mit der zugehörigen Fundamentplatte 11 gefertigt ist und das jeweils mit seiner Oberseite den Unterbau für die Fundamentplatte eines darüber angeordneten, stufenartig zurückspringenden Fertigbauteilelements bildet. Bei dieser Ausführungsform haben die Fundamentplatten ebenfalls ein Gefälle, das von der Vorderseite des Bauteilelements zu dessen Rückseite bzw. Betonwandstück hin geneigt ist, wobei in dem Betonwandstück dann eine durchgehende Ablaufbohrung 39 vorgesehen ist, die an eine hinter der Böschungsmauer 36 im Erdreich verlegte Drainage 40 angeschlossen werden kann.In the embodiment according to Fig. 6 have the prefabricated elements 10, which on a foundation plate element as in Fig. 9 and which are used here for the construction of a slope wall 36, at their front sides an optical appearance, which may look substantially as in the prefabricated building elements according to Fig. 1 and 2 , At the rear side 37 of the wall pieces 14 there is a concrete wall piece 38 extending over the height of the prefabricated component elements, which is manufactured in one piece with the associated foundation plate 11 and which forms with its top the substructure for the foundation plate of a step-like recessed prefabricated element element. In this embodiment, the foundation plates also have a slope which is inclined from the front of the component member to the rear or concrete wall piece, wherein in the concrete wall piece then a continuous drain hole 39 is provided, which is placed on a behind the slope wall 36 in the ground drainage 40th can be connected.

Auch bei dieser Ausführungsform der Fertigbauteilelemente sind diese unterseitig mit Aussparungen versehen, die den Transport der Bauteilelemente beispielsweise mit Gabelstapler ermöglichen, wobei die Aussparungen auch die rückseitigen Betonwandstücke durchsetzen. Mit diesen Betonwandstücken können die Bauteilelemente unmittelbar im Erdreich oder einer hinter und unter ihnen angeordneten Kies- oder Schotterschüttung angeordnet werden, bei Bedarf auch in einem mittels Filterbeton oder dgl. befestigten Untergrund. Man erkennt, dass bei dem in Fig. 6 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel nur die unteren drei der Fertigbauteilelemente ein rückwärtiges Betonwandstück aufweisen, während das oberste Fertigbauteilelement wie in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellt ausgebildet ist und mit Rollkies 41 hinterfüllt wird.Also in this embodiment of prefabricated components, these are provided on the underside with recesses that allow the transport of the component elements, for example, with forklift, the recesses also enforce the back concrete wall pieces. With these concrete wall pieces, the component elements can be arranged directly in the ground or a gravel or gravel pile arranged behind and below them, if necessary also in a subfloor secured by means of filter concrete or the like. It can be seen that in the in Fig. 6 illustrated embodiment, only the lower three of the prefabricated elements a rearward Have concrete wall piece, while the uppermost prefabricated element element as in Fig. 1 and 2 is shown formed and backfilled with roller gravel 41.

Mit der Erfindung wird es in vorteilhafter Weise möglich, Fertigbauteilelemente zum Errichten eines Bauwerks wie etwa einer Mauer im Garten- oder Landschaftsbau oder eines Freiluftmöbels herzustellen, die ganz individuell an die örtlichen Gegebenheiten des Einbauorts angepasst sein können. Die Fertigbauteilelemente können nämlich nicht nur unter Verwendung von standardisierten Fundamentplatten hergestellt werden, sondern es ist möglich, zunächst die Form und Abmessungen für die Fundamentplatten der einzelnen Fertigbauteilelemente am Ort von deren späteren Einbau zu bestimmen, beispielsweise mit Hilfe von Schablonen, und anhand dessen dann die Fundamentplatten entsprechend der festgelegten Form und der festgelegten Abmessungen aus armiertem Beton zu fertigen. Wenn dieser dann die erforderliche Festigkeit erreicht hat, kann auf dieser in Form und Abmessung individuellen Fundamentplatte das Mauerstück darauf aus einzelnen Steinen bis in die gewünschte Höhe aufgemauert werden, ggf. unter Berücksichtigung von gewünschten Böschungswinkeln, Einbau von Leerrohren zur späteren Aufnahme von Wasser- oder Stromleitungen usw. Das Mauern des Mauerstücks kann dabei entfernt vom späteren Aufstellort der Fertigbauteilelemente erfolgen, insbesondere auch in geschlossenen (beheizten) Räumlichkeiten, so dass die Bauteilelemente unabhängig von den Jahreszeiten und der Witterung herstellbar sind. Auch ein Probeaufbau des Bauwerks beispielsweise in einer Produktionshalle ist möglich. Erst nachdem die Fertigbauteilelemente auf diese Weise fertig gestellt sind, werden sie an ihren gewünschten Installationsstandort transportiert und dort durch Absetzen der Fundamentplatten auf dem hierfür vorgesehenen, ggf. vorbereiteten Untergrund aufgestellt, woraufhin dann - wenn nicht schon im Rahmen der Produktion geschehen - die Bereiche des Umfangsrands der Fundamentplatte, die nach Fertigstellung des Bauwerks sichtbar bleiben, unterhalb der über den Umfangsrand vorspringenden Einzelsteine mit Blendsteinen verkleidet werden, deren Dicke an das Maß des Steinüberstands angepasst ist.With the invention, it is possible in an advantageous manner to produce prefabricated elements for building a structure such as a wall in gardening or landscaping or an open-air furniture, which can be individually adapted to the local conditions of the installation. Namely, the prefabricated elements can not only be manufactured using standardized foundation plates, but it is possible to first determine the shape and dimensions of the foundation plates of the individual prefabricated elements at the location of their subsequent installation, for example by means of templates, and then the Manufacture foundation slabs of reinforced concrete according to the specified shape and dimensions. If this then has reached the required strength, the piece of wall can be bricked up thereon of individual stones to the desired height on this in shape and dimension individual foundation plate, possibly taking into account the desired slope angles, installation of conduits for later recording of water or Power lines, etc. The walls of the piece of wall can be done away from the later installation of Fertigbauteilelemente, especially in closed (heated) premises, so that the component elements can be produced regardless of the seasons and the weather. A trial construction of the structure, for example, in a production hall is possible. Only after the finished component elements are completed in this way, they are transported to their desired installation site and placed there by discontinuing the foundation plates on the space provided, possibly prepared substrate, whereupon then - if not already done in the production - the areas of the Peripheral edges of the foundation plate, which remain visible after completion of the building, are covered below the projecting over the peripheral edge of individual stones with dazzling stones whose thickness is adapted to the size of the stone projection.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das dargestellte und beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt, sondern es sind verschiedene Änderungen und Ergänzungen möglich, ohne den Rahmen der Erfindung zu verlassen, wie er in den beigefügten Ansprüchen definiert ist. Insbesondere ist die Erfindung nicht auf Bauteilelemente mit Mauerstücken aus Naturstein beschränkt, sondern es ist auch möglich, die Mauern aus in Form und Größe einheitlichen, künstlich hergestellten Steinen wie beispielsweise Tonklinkern (Backsteinen) zu bauen. Auch ist es möglich, auf der Fundamentplatte als Mauerstück eine oder mehrere Gabionen aus Stahlgitter vorzusehen, die so geformt sein können, dass sie die Fundamentplatte randseitig überdecken. Ein solcher Gabionenkorb ist in Fig. 8 dargestellt. Die Gabionen sind dann mit insbesondere kleineren Steinen wie z.B. Kies verfüllt. Steine derselben Qualität und Größe sind dann auch am Umfangsrand der Fundamentplatte angeordnet, wobei sie im Einzelfall auch unmittelbar an dem zu deren Verwendung verwendeten Beton angegossen sein können.The invention is not limited to the illustrated and described embodiment, but various changes and additions are possible without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. In particular, the invention is not limited to component elements with wall pieces of natural stone, but it is also possible to build the walls of uniform in shape and size, artificially manufactured stones such as clay bricks (bricks). It is also possible to provide on the foundation plate as a piece of wall one or more gabions of steel mesh, which can be shaped so that they cover the foundation plate edge. Such a gabion basket is in Fig. 8 shown. The gabions are then filled with especially smaller stones such as gravel. Stones of the same quality and Size are then also arranged on the peripheral edge of the foundation plate, wherein they can be cast in an individual case directly on the concrete used for their use.

Claims (14)

  1. Prefabricated element comprising a foundation plate and a wall piece, which is made of individual bricks, in particular natural stones, and which is erected on its upper side, characterised in that the foundation plate (11) is provided with at least one drainage passage (23), which is spaced apart from the peripheral edge (16) thereof and which passes through the plate (11) preferably from the upper side (12) thereof to the lower side (18), and that the upper side (12) of the foundation plate (11) is provided with a slope (21) to the inlet (24) of the drainage passage (23).
  2. Prefabricated element according to claim 1, characterised in that the foundation plate (11) is provided on its lower side (18) with at least two recesses (20) extending between two sides (19) of the plate (11), the dimensions of which preferably are adapted to the dimensions of a lifting means adapted for the transport of the prefabricated element (10).
  3. Prefabricated element according to claim 2, characterised in that the at least one drainage passage (23) opens into one of the recesses (20) on the outlet side.
  4. Prefabricated element according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the individual stones (13; 27, 28) are glued together and/or to the foundation plate (11) at certain points to produce joints and/or gaps (25) remaining free therebetween, preferably with single-grain concrete (42) and/or natural stone adhesive (43).
  5. Prefabricated element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the foundation plate (11) is covered on at least one partial surface (15) of its peripheral edge (16) with face bricks (17), the optical appearance of which is adapted to the wall piece (14) erected on the foundation plate (11) or to the bricks (13) used therefor.
  6. Prefabricated element according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the foundation plate (11) consists preferably of reinforced concrete.
  7. Prefabricated element according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the face bricks (17) have a smooth, processed surface on the back side, with which they are adhered to the peripheral edge of the foundation plate (11).
  8. Prefabricated element according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the wall piece (14) projects at least in the area of the partial surface (15) covered with face bricks (17) laterally beyond the peripheral edge (16) of the foundation plate (11) by an amount, which corresponds in any case approximately to the thickness of the face bricks (17) used.
  9. Prefabricated element according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the foundation plate (11) is provided on its lower side (18) with a preferably elastic anti-slip layer (26).
  10. Method for erecting a structure or an outdoor piece of furniture using at least one prefabricated element according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
    having the following process steps:
    a) Determination of the shape and dimensions for the foundation plate(s) of the prefabricated element/elements (10) and production of the foundation plate(s) in the specified shape and the specified dimensions preferably from reinforced concrete;
    b) Erection of the wall piece (14) on the foundation plate (11) from individual stones wherein the wall piece (14) projects at least on a part of the plate (11) laterally a bit further beyond the peripheral edge (16), wherein the individual stones are glued together and/or to the foundation plate (11) at certain points to produce joints and/or gaps remaining free therebetween;
    c) Transport of the thus precast prefabricated element/elements (10) to the desired installation location thereof and positioning by setting the foundation plate(s) down on the substrate which is provided, if applicable, prepared for this purpose; and
    d) Facing at least of the part (15) of the peripheral edge (16) beneath the individual stones (13) protruding beyond the latter with face bricks (17) mounted on the peripheral edge, the thickness of which is adapted to the degree of the stone protrusion.
  11. Method according to claim 10,
    characterised in that
    the shape and dimensions for the foundation plate(s) (11) are determined individual depending on the conditions at the site of the later erection of the structure or outdoor piece of furniture and thereafter an individual casting mould is made for a concrete foundation plate (11).
  12. Method according to claim 10 or 11,
    characterised in that
    the prefabricated element or elements (10) is/are produced at a production site located away from the location of the erection of the structure or outdoor piece of furniture and after completion are transported to the installation site and erected at this site.
  13. Method according to any one of claims 10 to 12,
    wherein each
    foundation plate (11) is provided on its lower side (18) with at least two recesses (20) preferably running parallel to each other and the transport of the relevant prefabricated element (10) takes place by means of a conveying device with a lifting means fitting into the recesses, for example, the lifting fork of a fork-lift truck.
  14. Method according to any one of claims 10 to 13,
    characterised in that
    in the event of two prefabricated elements (10) provided at the installation site directly adjacent to one another during the erection of the relevant wall pieces (14) these are installed with gaps (32) corresponding to one another provided on the abutment surfaces (31), which gaps then are filled after the installation of the two prefabricated elements (10) with said overlapping composite stones (33).
EP14703629.7A 2013-01-25 2014-01-14 Prefabricated element and method for erecting a structure Active EP2948601B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013100758.9A DE102013100758B4 (en) 2013-01-25 2013-01-25 Prefabricated element element and method for building a structure
DE202013105824.6U DE202013105824U1 (en) 2013-01-25 2013-12-19 Precast element
PCT/IB2014/058258 WO2014115059A1 (en) 2013-01-25 2014-01-14 Prefabricated element and method for erecting a structure

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Publication Number Publication Date
EP2948601A1 EP2948601A1 (en) 2015-12-02
EP2948601B1 true EP2948601B1 (en) 2018-03-28

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EP (1) EP2948601B1 (en)
DE (2) DE102013100758B4 (en)
WO (1) WO2014115059A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017115733A1 (en) * 2017-07-13 2019-01-17 Godelmann Pflasterstein Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for producing a prefabricated concrete component

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7419996U (en) * 1974-10-31 Kauffmann W Retaining wall element for gardens
DE2838210A1 (en) * 1978-09-01 1980-03-13 Schaefer Horst Earth fissure angled support wall construction - involves joining prefabricated sections to protruding shanks rammed into ground
DE3501148A1 (en) * 1985-01-16 1986-07-17 Tubag Trass-, Zement- Und Steinwerke Gmbh, 5473 Kruft Kit for constructing faced, self-supporting slopes of limiting and/or supporting walls
GB9204986D0 (en) * 1992-03-07 1992-04-22 Repocast Limited Walling system
DE4214915A1 (en) * 1992-05-11 1993-11-18 Leonhardt & Sohn Kg Betonwerke Structure of prefab. retaining wall - consists of foot sections, wall elements partially of natural stone, crown elements, and anchor bars
DE10121591C1 (en) * 2001-05-03 2002-11-14 Juergen Rothermel A prefabricated element
EP1270839A3 (en) * 2001-06-19 2003-11-05 Bertwin Schnubel Prefabricated transportable construction element for building of walls and or ceilings and method for manufacturing the same
US6944998B1 (en) * 2001-08-06 2005-09-20 John King Simulated masonry garden walls having modular construction

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Publication number Publication date
EP2948601A1 (en) 2015-12-02
WO2014115059A1 (en) 2014-07-31
DE102013100758A1 (en) 2014-07-31
DE102013100758B4 (en) 2015-12-17
DE202013105824U1 (en) 2014-04-28

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