EP2933352B1 - Installation and method for producing a metallic coating on a borehole wall - Google Patents

Installation and method for producing a metallic coating on a borehole wall Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2933352B1
EP2933352B1 EP14165172.9A EP14165172A EP2933352B1 EP 2933352 B1 EP2933352 B1 EP 2933352B1 EP 14165172 A EP14165172 A EP 14165172A EP 2933352 B1 EP2933352 B1 EP 2933352B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
workpiece
bore
lance
coating lance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14165172.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2933352A1 (en
Inventor
Andreas Ebenbeck
Gerhard Aufschläger
Marc Kesting
Ralf VÖLLINGER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sturm Maschinen und Anlagenbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Sturm Maschinen und Anlagenbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Sturm Maschinen und Anlagenbau GmbH filed Critical Sturm Maschinen und Anlagenbau GmbH
Priority to PL14165172T priority Critical patent/PL2933352T3/en
Priority to ES14165172T priority patent/ES2710712T3/en
Priority to EP14165172.9A priority patent/EP2933352B1/en
Priority to HUE14165172A priority patent/HUE043608T2/en
Priority to PCT/EP2015/054243 priority patent/WO2015158458A1/en
Publication of EP2933352A1 publication Critical patent/EP2933352A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2933352B1 publication Critical patent/EP2933352B1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/60—Arrangements for mounting, supporting or holding spraying apparatus
    • B05B15/68—Arrangements for adjusting the position of spray heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B13/00—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00
    • B05B13/06—Machines or plants for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces of objects or other work by spraying, not covered by groups B05B1/00 - B05B11/00 specially designed for treating the inside of hollow bodies
    • B05B13/0627—Arrangements of nozzles or spray heads specially adapted for treating the inside of hollow bodies
    • B05B13/0636—Arrangements of nozzles or spray heads specially adapted for treating the inside of hollow bodies by means of rotatable spray heads or nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/22—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc
    • B05B7/222—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plant for the metallic coating of a bore wall of a bore in a workpiece, in particular a running surface of a cylinder bore in an engine block, with at least one rotatable coating lance, through which a metal plasma jet for coating the bore wall can be generated, and a conveying device for conveying and positioning the to be coated workpiece in a processing position, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to a method for the metallic coating of a bore wall of a bore in a workpiece, in particular a running surface of a cylinder bore in an engine block, in which a coating lance is moved into a bore to be coated, a metal plasma jet is generated by the coating lance and the coating lance is rotated the metallic coating is applied to the bore wall, according to the preamble of claim 11.
  • a coating device provided for this purpose has a relatively complicated structure, which is due to the supply of the necessary gases and the metallic material.
  • the motor housing with the respective bore is moved up to the coating lance, so that the motor housing is to be adjusted several times in accordance with the number of holes.
  • a generic system and a generic method are from DE 199 34 991 A1 known.
  • a lance-like burner is provided, which is movable for coating a plurality of holes between them. During the procedure, the burner can remain switched on.
  • a mask with a predetermined height is placed on the cylinder bores on the workpiece. The burner can be moved within the cover template.
  • the cover template is equipped with a gas supply and must be cleaned regularly by means of a milling device.
  • WO 2004/005575 A2 From the WO 2004/005575 A2 is a coating system with turntable out on which a cylinder block centered with respect to the bore to be coated and rotated. A burner with two cooling lances is moved by means of a robot arm into the bore of the rotating workpiece.
  • the WO 2013/006529 teaches a coating system for engine blocks, which are transported via a drawer system into the interior of the coating system. Inside the system, at least one robot arm is provided, on which a coating lance is arranged and is designed to supply the coating lance to the interior of the engine block.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a system and a method for the metallic coating of a bore wall, with which a particularly efficient coating are possible.
  • a system according to the invention is characterized in that a gantry device is provided with at least two travel axes with which the coating lance for coating a plurality of bores of a workpiece in the machining position can be moved into the bores.
  • a basic idea of the invention is not to reposition the workpiece with the respective bores for each coating, but rather to machine a plurality of bores in a machining position of the workpiece in that the Move coating lance by means of a portal device and retracted into the respective holes. This can achieve a significant reduction in processing time.
  • a further aspect of the invention is that the coating lance is adjustable between a retracted movement position and a coating position, that in the coating position, the coating lance is arranged in a bore to be coated in the workpiece, that in the movement position, the coating lance withdrawn from the bore and the Metal plasma jet is directed to a spray shield and that in the movement position, the coating lance is movable together with the spray shield to a coating of a bore in the workpiece.
  • a spray shield is provided, on which the metal plasma jet is always directed, if it is not arranged together with the coating lance within the bore of the workpiece to be coated.
  • the spray shield can be arranged so that it is directly adjacent to the workpiece when the coating lance is moved into the bore of the workpiece or pulled out of the hole.
  • the spray shield is preferably sleeve-shaped.
  • the metal plasma jet is generated continuously by the coating lance, regardless of whether the coating lance is in the coating position or the movement position.
  • the metal plasma jet is thus kept in a continuous operation without interruption.
  • a secure uniform coating on the bore walls is achieved.
  • An otherwise usual switching on and off or raising and lowering of the metal plasma jet is avoided.
  • the continuously operated metal plasma jet is directed onto the spray shield so that no unwanted workpiece coatings occur during the movement. As a result, the non-productive time during processing can be further reduced.
  • a further increase in efficiency is achieved according to a further embodiment variant according to the invention in that the conveying device is used as a circulating conveyor, in particular, as a turntable, is formed, that a loading station and a processing station are provided, in which the coating takes place, and that the workpiece with the conveyor between the loading station and the processing station is transportable.
  • the circulation conveyor has two or more receiving spaces for workpieces.
  • a further increase in efficiency is achieved according to a further embodiment in that the conveyor has a receptacle for receiving a pallet module, which is designed to hold a workpiece.
  • a pallet module can in particular have the same base area, but the actual workpiece holder on the pallet module can each be configured differently for receiving different workpieces. Thus, despite different workpieces and thus different pallet modules, these are uniformly absorbed by the conveyor.
  • a preferred embodiment according to the invention is that in the conveyor, the pallet module is adjustable, in particular pivotable.
  • the cylinder bores can be adjusted in a machined engine block in a favorable working position.
  • an adjustment can be made in a 6-, 8- or 12-cylinder engine block, in which the cylinder bores are arranged in a V-shape.
  • the bores to be machined can preferably be aligned in the vertical.
  • a further improvement of the workflow is achieved according to another method variant of the invention in that an adjustable partition wall is arranged between the loading station and the processing station.
  • the processing station can be sealed off from the charging station during the coating process.
  • a cleaning station for cleaning the coating lance and / or a measuring station for measuring the metal plasma jet are provided and that the coating lance can be moved with the portal device to the cleaning station or to the measuring station. It is thus possible during operation, a cleaning of the coating lance and also a measurement of the metal plasma jet, so that a reliable operation is ensured with an exact metal coating in a continuous operation.
  • the process is carried out with the portal device. Also during this process the metal plasma jet can be continuously generated further.
  • the coating lance comprises a plasma generator, which has a cathode, a metallic anode, which is meltable by an arc between the cathode and the anode, and a nozzle device, through which a gas is conductive, which forms the metal plasma jet with metal particles in the arc.
  • the Düseneicardi can generate a gas jet, with which the entrained metal particles are applied from the molten metallic anode in the arc at supersonic speed on the bore wall.
  • the arc is continuously formed by a correspondingly high electrical voltage between the cathode and the anode.
  • the metal plasma jet can also be produced in other ways, for example by injecting metal powder into a plasma jet.
  • a preferred embodiment is that the metallic anode is formed by a wire, which is continuously fed via a flexible feed to the movable coating lance.
  • a flexible feed for the anode wire is provided.
  • the anode wire can be stored as a winding with several 100 meters in length and be conveyed via the flexible feed continuously to the coating lance. Due to the continuous operation of the plasma generator and the coating lance, a uniform feed can be done relatively easily.
  • the inventive method for metallic coating is characterized in that the coating lance is moved with stationary workpiece with a portal device with at least two axes in several holes of the workpiece, the bore walls of the plurality of holes are provided with the coating lance with the metallic coating.
  • a particularly uniform coating with low non-productive times is achieved according to the invention in that, when the coating lance is withdrawn from the coated bore, the metal plasma jet is directed onto a spray shield and the coating lance is moved together with the spray shield. It is avoided as a metal to unwanted locations of the workpiece.
  • the metal plasma jet is generated continuously by the coating lance, regardless of whether the coating lance is in a processing position, in a bore of the workpiece or outside of the workpiece in a movement position.
  • the control of the coating lance and the plasma generator for generating the metal plasma jet can be simplified. Also, travel times can be saved, which would otherwise be required for an interruption of the metal plasma jet.
  • a further increase in efficiency of the method is achieved in that the workpiece is conveyed via a circulation conveyor from a loading station to a processing station, wherein the workpiece is stationary in the processing station, while the plurality of holes are coated by the coating lance.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 An inventive system 10 for the metallic coating of holes 3 in a workpiece 1 is in the FIGS. 1 to 4 shown.
  • the workpiece 1 is in the illustrated embodiment, an engine block, with 12 holes 3, which are arranged as cylinder bores in two rows of six in V-shape in the workpiece 1.
  • a conveyor 20 is arranged on a base frame 16, which is designed as a turntable 20 in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation driven horizontal turntable 20 has two opposite receptacles 23, in each of which a plate-shaped pallet module 24, each with a workpiece 1 is receivable. Via a pivoting device 26, the pallet module 24 can be pivoted with the workpiece 1 relative to the horizontal, so that the holes 3 in the workpiece 1 can be arranged vertically to carry out a metallic coating.
  • the workpiece 1 is received at a loading station 12 by a feed device, not shown. Subsequently, the turntable 22 is rotated by 180 °, wherein the workpiece 1 is conveyed from the loading station 12 to a processing station 14. In the processing station 14, the workpiece 1 is pivoted with the pivoting device 26 about a horizontal pivot axis, wherein in each case a series of holes 3 is aligned vertically, as shown in FIGS FIGS. 1 and 4 is apparent.
  • a bar-shaped coating lance 30 is provided, which at its lower end has at least one outlet opening 32 for a metal plasma jet.
  • the metal plasma jet is generated in a known manner by a plasma generator with a cathode and a metallic anode. By means of a correspondingly high electrical voltage, an arc is formed between the cathode and the anode, by means of which the metallic anode is melted.
  • the metallic anode is designed as a continuously feedable wire, so that there is always sufficient material to form a metal plasma jet with the molten metal particles.
  • a gas nozzle device a gas stream is generated, which emerges at supersonic speed from the outlet opening 32 at the lower end of the coating lance 30 approximately horizontally. In this case, the coating lance 30 is retracted with the outlet opening 32 in the bore 3 to be coated in the workpiece 1.
  • a portal device 40 with two parallel first track axes 41 is provided.
  • a frame-like first carriage 47 is mounted horizontally movable.
  • the first traversing carriage 47 itself has two linear, horizontal second traverse axes 42, which are arranged parallel to one another and perpendicular to the first traverse axes 41.
  • a beam-shaped second carriage 48 is arranged horizontally movable.
  • the second carriage 48 itself has a single vertical third travel axis 43.
  • a receiving carriage 45 is mounted vertically movable.
  • the coating lance 30 is rotatably supported.
  • the coating lance 30 is retracted into a first bore 3 to be coated in the workpiece 1.
  • the continuously operated coating lance 30 generates a metal plasma jet which impinges on a bore wall of the bore 3 at supersonic speed.
  • a uniform defined metallic coating with a thickness of about 10 microns on the bore wall.
  • the metal plasma jet is directly at the exit from the hole. 3 directed to a spray shield, not shown, which is supported together with the coating lance 30 on the receiving carriage 45.
  • the spray shield picks up the metal plasma jet and is moved with the coating lance 30 to the next bore 3 to be coated.
  • the metallic coating is then repeated at this second bore 3, with a corresponding coating of the further bore 3 being connected in a row of the workpiece 1.
  • the workpiece 1 can be pivoted about the pivoting device 26 about a horizontal axis, so that the second row of the engine block is arranged for processing in the vertical position.
  • the coating can also connect these six holes 3 in the engine block-like workpiece 1.
  • the coating lance 30 is retracted with the portal device 40, and the finished coated workpiece 1 can be fed back into the loading station 12 while simultaneously feeding a new workpiece 1 to be machined. From there, a removal of the finished coated workpiece 1 from the receptacle 23 of the turntable 22 can take place.
  • the coating lance 30 can be moved at certain time intervals to a cleaning station, not shown, or to a measuring station, also not shown. In this case, a cleaning of the coating lance 30 or a measurement of the metal plasma jet can be carried out so as to ensure a reliable coating in a continuous operation.
  • a handling robot 50 may be provided, which schematically in the Figures 3 and 4 is indicated. Via the handling robot 50, additional measuring or cleaning functions can be performed on the coating lance 30 or also on the workpiece 1.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anlage zur metallischen Beschichtung einer Bohrungswand einer Bohrung in einem Werkstück, insbesondere einer Lauffläche einer Zylinderbohrung in einem Motorblock, mit mindestens einer drehbaren Beschichtungslanze, durch welche ein Metallplasmastrahl zur Beschichtung der Bohrungswand erzeugbar ist, und einer Fördereinrichtung zum Fördern und Positionieren des zu beschichtenden Werkstückes in einer Bearbeitungsposition, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a plant for the metallic coating of a bore wall of a bore in a workpiece, in particular a running surface of a cylinder bore in an engine block, with at least one rotatable coating lance, through which a metal plasma jet for coating the bore wall can be generated, and a conveying device for conveying and positioning the to be coated workpiece in a processing position, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin ein Verfahren zur metallischen Beschichtung einer Bohrungswand einer Bohrung in einem Werkstück, insbesondere einer Lauffläche einer Zylinderbohrung in einem Motorblock, bei welchem eine Beschichtungslanze in eine zu beschichtende Bohrung eingefahren wird, durch die Beschichtungslanze ein Metallplasmastrahl erzeugt wird und unter Drehung der Beschichtungslanze die metallische Beschichtung auf die Bohrungswand aufgebracht wird, gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 11.The invention further relates to a method for the metallic coating of a bore wall of a bore in a workpiece, in particular a running surface of a cylinder bore in an engine block, in which a coating lance is moved into a bore to be coated, a metal plasma jet is generated by the coating lance and the coating lance is rotated the metallic coating is applied to the bore wall, according to the preamble of claim 11.

Insbesondere im Motorenbau ist es erforderlich, die Laufflächen von Zylinderbohrungen mit einer speziellen metallischen Beschichtung zu versehen, damit hinreichende Reibungs- und Schmierbedingungen zwischen der Zylinderlauffläche und einem Zylinderkolben gewährleistet sind. Dies gilt vor allem dann, wenn sowohl das Motorgehäuse wie auch der Zylinderkolben aus demselben Metall, etwa aus Aluminium, gefertigt sind.In particular, in engine construction, it is necessary to provide the running surfaces of cylinder bores with a special metallic coating, so that adequate friction and lubrication conditions between the cylinder surface and a cylinder piston are ensured. This is especially true when both the engine housing and the cylinder piston are made of the same metal, such as aluminum.

Zu diesem Zweck ist es bekannt, in das Motorgehäuse zum Bilden der Zylinderlauffläche Laufbuchsen einzusetzen, welche aus einem gewünschten Metallmaterial gebildet sind. Allerdings ist das Einsetzen derartiger Laufbuchsen in ein Motorgehäusebauteil, einem sogenannten Motorblock, aufwändig und unter Verschleißgesichtspunkten nachteilig.For this purpose, it is known to insert into the motor housing for forming the cylinder surface liners, which are formed of a desired metal material. However, the insertion of such liners in a motor housing component, a so-called engine block, consuming and disadvantageous in terms of wear.

Es ist bekannt, an Stelle derartiger Laufbuchsen unmittelbar auf eine Bohrungswand eine Metallbeschichtung durch eine Beschichtungslanze aufzubringen, mit welcher ein Metallplasmastrahl erzeugt wird. Auf diese Weise können sehr dünnwandige und sehr stabile Metallbeschichtungen an Bohrungswänden gebildet werden.It is known to apply instead of such liners directly on a bore wall, a metal coating by a coating lance, with which a metal plasma jet is generated. In this way, very thin-walled and very stable metal coatings can be formed on bore walls.

Eine hierzu vorgesehene Beschichtungsvorrichtung hat einen relativ aufwändigen Aufbau, welcher durch die Zuführung der notwendigen Gase und des metallischen Materiales bedingt ist. Zur Beschichtung wird dabei das Motorengehäuse mit der jeweiligen Bohrung an die Beschichtungslanze herangefahren, so dass das Motorengehäuse entsprechend der Anzahl der Bohrungen mehrfach zu verstellen ist.A coating device provided for this purpose has a relatively complicated structure, which is due to the supply of the necessary gases and the metallic material. For coating, the motor housing with the respective bore is moved up to the coating lance, so that the motor housing is to be adjusted several times in accordance with the number of holes.

Zudem ist bei der Beschichtung derartiger Zylinderlaufflächen darauf zu achten, dass die metallische Beschichtung ausschließlich an den Laufflächen aufgebracht ist. Fehlbeschichtungen an unerwünschten Stellen können dazu führen, dass sich im Betrieb eines Motors derartige Fehlbeschichtungen lösen und zu einem erhöhten Verschleiß an den beweglichen Teilen des Motors führen.In addition, care must be taken in the coating of such cylinder surfaces that the metallic coating is applied exclusively to the treads. Undue coating on undesired locations can result in failure of such failures during operation of an engine and increased wear on the moving parts of the motor.

Eine gattungsgemäße Anlage und ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren sind aus der DE 199 34 991 A1 bekannt. Zur Beschichtung von Zylinderlaufflächen in einem Zylinderkurbelgehäuse ist ein lanzenartiger Brenner vorgesehen, welcher zum Beschichten mehrerer Bohrungen zwischen diesen verfahrbar ist. Beim Verfahren kann der Brenner eingeschaltet bleiben. Um beim Verfahren des Brenners eine unerwünschte Beschichtung des Zylinderkurbelgehäuses zu verhindern, wird auf das Werkstück eine Abdeckschablone mit einer vorgegebenen Höhe auf die Zylinderbohrungen aufgesetzt. Der Brenner ist innerhalb der Abdeckschablone verfahrbar. Die Abdeckschablone ist mit einer Gaszuführung versehen und muss mittels einer Fräseinrichtung regelmäßig gereinigt werden.A generic system and a generic method are from DE 199 34 991 A1 known. For coating cylinder running surfaces in a cylinder crankcase, a lance-like burner is provided, which is movable for coating a plurality of holes between them. During the procedure, the burner can remain switched on. To prevent unwanted coating of the cylinder crankcase during the process of the burner, a mask with a predetermined height is placed on the cylinder bores on the workpiece. The burner can be moved within the cover template. The cover template is equipped with a gas supply and must be cleaned regularly by means of a milling device.

Aus der WO 2004/005575 A2 geht eine Beschichtungsanlage mit Drehtisch hervor, auf dem ein Zylinderblock mit Bezug auf die zu beschichtende Bohrung zentriert und in Rotation versetzt wird. Ein Brenner mit zwei Kühllanzen wird mittels eines Roboterarms in die Bohrung des rotierenden Werkstückes eingefahren.From the WO 2004/005575 A2 is a coating system with turntable out on which a cylinder block centered with respect to the bore to be coated and rotated. A burner with two cooling lances is moved by means of a robot arm into the bore of the rotating workpiece.

Die WO 2013/006529 lehrt eine Beschichtungsanlage für Motorblöcke, welche über ein Schubkastensvstem in das Innere der Beschichtungsanlage transportiert werden. Im Inneren der Anlage ist mindestens ein Roboterarm vorgesehen, an welchem eine Beschichtungslanze angeordnet ist und ausgebildet ist, die Beschichtungslanze dem Inneren des Motorblocks zuzuführen.The WO 2013/006529 teaches a coating system for engine blocks, which are transported via a drawer system into the interior of the coating system. Inside the system, at least one robot arm is provided, on which a coating lance is arranged and is designed to supply the coating lance to the interior of the engine block.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Anlage und ein Verfahren zur metallischen Beschichtung einer Bohrungswand anzugeben, mit welchen eine besonders effiziente Beschichtung ermöglicht werden.The invention has for its object to provide a system and a method for the metallic coating of a bore wall, with which a particularly efficient coating are possible.

Die Aufgabe wird zum einen mit einer Anlage mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 und zum anderen mit einem Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 11 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausführungen der Erfindung sind in den jeweils abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.The object is achieved on the one hand with a system having the features of claim 1 and on the other hand with a method having the features of claim 11. Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the respective dependent claims.

Eine erfindungsgemäße Anlage ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Portaleinrichtung mit mindestens zwei Verfahrachsen vorgesehen ist, mit welcher die Beschichtungslanze zur Beschichtung mehrerer Bohrungen eines Werkstückes in der Bearbeitungsposition in die Bohrungen verfahrbar ist.A system according to the invention is characterized in that a gantry device is provided with at least two travel axes with which the coating lance for coating a plurality of bores of a workpiece in the machining position can be moved into the bores.

Ein Grundgedanke der Erfindung liegt darin, nicht das Werkstück mit den jeweiligen Bohrungen für jede Beschichtung neu zu positionieren, sondern in einer Bearbeitungsposition des Werkstückes mehrere Bohrungen dadurch zu bearbeiten, dass die Beschichtungslanze mittels einer Portaleinrichtung verfahren und in die jeweiligen Bohrungen eingefahren wird. Hierdurch lässt sich eine erhebliche Reduzierung der Bearbeitungszeit erreichen.A basic idea of the invention is not to reposition the workpiece with the respective bores for each coating, but rather to machine a plurality of bores in a machining position of the workpiece in that the Move coating lance by means of a portal device and retracted into the respective holes. This can achieve a significant reduction in processing time.

Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung besteht darin, dass die Beschichtungslanze zwischen einer rückgezogenen Verfahrposition und einer Beschichtungsposition verstellbar ist, dass in der Beschichtungsposition die Beschichtungslanze in einer zu beschichtenden Bohrung in dem Werkstück angeordnet ist, dass in der Verfahrposition die Beschichtungslanze aus der Bohrung zurückgezogen und der Metallplasmastrahl auf ein Sprühschild gerichtet ist und dass in der Verfahrposition die Beschichtungslanze zusammen mit dem Sprühschild zu einer Beschichtung einer Bohrung in dem Werkstück verfahrbar ist. Zur Vermeidung von unerwünschten Fehlbeschichtungen ist ein Sprühschild vorgesehen, auf welches der Metallplasmastrahl immer dann gerichtet ist, wenn dieser nicht zusammen mit der Beschichtungslanze innerhalb der zu beschichtenden Bohrung des Werkstückes angeordnet ist. Das Sprühschild kann dabei so angeordnet sein, dass es unmittelbar an das Werkstück angrenzt, wenn die Beschichtungslanze in die Bohrung des Werkstückes eingefahren oder aus der Bohrung herausgezogen wird. Das Sprühschild ist vorzugsweise hülsenförmig ausgebildet.A further aspect of the invention is that the coating lance is adjustable between a retracted movement position and a coating position, that in the coating position, the coating lance is arranged in a bore to be coated in the workpiece, that in the movement position, the coating lance withdrawn from the bore and the Metal plasma jet is directed to a spray shield and that in the movement position, the coating lance is movable together with the spray shield to a coating of a bore in the workpiece. To avoid unwanted false coatings a spray shield is provided, on which the metal plasma jet is always directed, if it is not arranged together with the coating lance within the bore of the workpiece to be coated. The spray shield can be arranged so that it is directly adjacent to the workpiece when the coating lance is moved into the bore of the workpiece or pulled out of the hole. The spray shield is preferably sleeve-shaped.

Nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist es besonders vorteilhaft, dass der Metallplasmastrahl durch die Beschichtungslanze kontinuierlich erzeugt ist, unabhängig davon, ob sich die Beschichtungslanze in der Beschichtungsposition oder der Verfahrposition befindet. Der Metallplasmastrahl wird also in einem Dauerbetrieb ohne Unterbrechung gehalten. Hierdurch wird eine sichere gleichmäßige Beschichtung an den Bohrungswänden erzielt. Ein ansonsten übliches An- und Abschalten oder ein Hoch- und Herunterfahren des Metallplasmastrahles wird vermieden. In der Verfahrposition, also auf dem Weg der Beschichtungslanze zwischen zwei zu beschichteten Bohrungen wird der kontinuierlich betriebene Metallplasmastrahl auf das Sprühschild gerichtet, sodass keine unerwünschten Werkstückbeschichtungen während des Bewegens erfolgen. Hierdurch können die Nebenzeiten bei der Bearbeitung weiter verringert werden.According to a further embodiment, it is particularly advantageous that the metal plasma jet is generated continuously by the coating lance, regardless of whether the coating lance is in the coating position or the movement position. The metal plasma jet is thus kept in a continuous operation without interruption. As a result, a secure uniform coating on the bore walls is achieved. An otherwise usual switching on and off or raising and lowering of the metal plasma jet is avoided. In the traversing position, ie on the way of the coating lance between two holes to be coated, the continuously operated metal plasma jet is directed onto the spray shield so that no unwanted workpiece coatings occur during the movement. As a result, the non-productive time during processing can be further reduced.

Eine weitere Erhöhung der Effizienz wird nach einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsvariante dadurch erzielt, dass die Fördereinrichtung als ein Umlaufförderer, insbesondere als ein Drehtisch, ausgebildet ist, dass eine Ladestation und eine Bearbeitungsstation vorgesehen sind, in welcher die Beschichtung erfolgt, und dass das Werkstück mit der Fördereinrichtung zwischen der Ladestation und der Bearbeitungsstation transportierbar ist. Der Umlaufförderer weist dabei zwei oder mehr Aufnahmeplätze für Werkstücke auf. Somit kann während der Bearbeitung eines Werkstückes bereits ein fertig bearbeitetes Werkstück in der Ladestation entladen und anschließend ein neues Werkstück beladen werden. Bei Abschluss der Bearbeitung kann dann durch eine entsprechende Transportbewegung, insbesondere eine Drehung des Drehtisches, das neue Werkstück in die Bearbeitungsstation gefördert werden, während gleichzeitig das fertig bearbeitete Werkstück in die Ladestation zum Entnehmen transportiert wird.A further increase in efficiency is achieved according to a further embodiment variant according to the invention in that the conveying device is used as a circulating conveyor, in particular, as a turntable, is formed, that a loading station and a processing station are provided, in which the coating takes place, and that the workpiece with the conveyor between the loading station and the processing station is transportable. The circulation conveyor has two or more receiving spaces for workpieces. Thus, during the machining of a workpiece already unload a finished workpiece in the loading station and then loaded a new workpiece. At the conclusion of the processing can then be promoted by a corresponding transport movement, in particular a rotation of the turntable, the new workpiece in the processing station, while the finished workpiece is transported to the loading station for removal.

Eine weitere Effizienzsteigerung wird nach einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante dadurch erreicht, dass die Fördereinrichtung eine Aufnahme zum Aufnehmen eines Palettenmodules aufweist, welches zum Halten eines Werkstückes ausgebildet ist. Ein Palettenmodul kann dabei insbesondere eine gleiche Grundfläche aufweisen, wobei jedoch die eigentliche Werkstückhalterung auf dem Palettenmodul jeweils unterschiedlich zur Aufnahme verschiedener Werkstücke ausgebildet sein kann. Somit können trotz unterschiedlicher Werkstücke und damit unterschiedlicher Palettenmodule diese einheitlich von der Fördereinrichtung aufgenommen werden.A further increase in efficiency is achieved according to a further embodiment in that the conveyor has a receptacle for receiving a pallet module, which is designed to hold a workpiece. In this case, a pallet module can in particular have the same base area, but the actual workpiece holder on the pallet module can each be configured differently for receiving different workpieces. Thus, despite different workpieces and thus different pallet modules, these are uniformly absorbed by the conveyor.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform besteht nach der Erfindung darin, dass in der Fördereinrichtung das Palettenmodul verstellbar, insbesondere verschwenkbar ist. Auf diese Weise können die Zylinderbohrungen bei einem zu bearbeitenden Motorblock in eine günstige Arbeitsposition verstellt werden. So kann etwa eine Verstellung bei einem 6-, 8- oder 12-Zylindermotorblock erfolgen, bei welchen die Zylinderbohrungen V-förmig angeordnet sind. Durch ein entsprechendes Verschwenken können die jeweils zu bearbeitenden Bohrungen vorzugsweise in die Vertikale ausgerichtet werden.A preferred embodiment according to the invention is that in the conveyor, the pallet module is adjustable, in particular pivotable. In this way, the cylinder bores can be adjusted in a machined engine block in a favorable working position. For example, an adjustment can be made in a 6-, 8- or 12-cylinder engine block, in which the cylinder bores are arranged in a V-shape. By a corresponding pivoting, the bores to be machined can preferably be aligned in the vertical.

Eine weitere Verbesserung des Arbeitsablaufes wird nach einer anderen Verfahrensvariante der Erfindung dadurch erzielt, dass zwischen der Ladestation und der Bearbeitungsstation eine verstellbare Trennwand angeordnet ist. Somit kann die Bearbeitungsstation während des Beschichtungsvorganges von der Ladestation abgeschottet werden.A further improvement of the workflow is achieved according to another method variant of the invention in that an adjustable partition wall is arranged between the loading station and the processing station. Thus, the processing station can be sealed off from the charging station during the coating process.

Nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist es vorteilhaft, dass eine Reinigungsstation zum Reinigung der Beschichtungslanze und/oder eine Messstation zum Messen des Metallplasmastrahles vorgesehen sind und dass die Beschichtungslanze mit der Portaleinrichtung zur Reinigungsstation oder zur Messstation verfahrbar ist. Es ist somit im laufenden Betrieb eine Reinigung der Beschichtungslanze und auch ein Vermessen des Metallplasmastrahles möglich, sodass ein zuverlässiger Betrieb mit einer exakten Metallbeschichtung auch in einem Dauerbetrieb sichergestellt wird. Das Verfahren erfolgt dabei mit der Portaleinrichtung. Auch während dieses Verfahrens kann der Metallplasmastrahl kontinuierlich weitererzeugt werden.According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is advantageous that a cleaning station for cleaning the coating lance and / or a measuring station for measuring the metal plasma jet are provided and that the coating lance can be moved with the portal device to the cleaning station or to the measuring station. It is thus possible during operation, a cleaning of the coating lance and also a measurement of the metal plasma jet, so that a reliable operation is ensured with an exact metal coating in a continuous operation. The process is carried out with the portal device. Also during this process the metal plasma jet can be continuously generated further.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführung zur Erzeugung des Metallplasmastrahles besteht nach der Erfindung darin, dass die Beschichtungslanze einen Plasmagenerator umfasst, welcher eine Kathode, eine metallische Anode, welcher durch einen Lichtbogen zwischen der Kathode und der Anode aufschmelzbar ist, und eine Düseneinrichtung aufweist, durch welche ein Gas leitbar ist, welches mit Metallpartikeln im Lichtbogen den Metallplasmastrahl bildet. Die Düseneirichtung kann dabei einen Gasstrahl erzeugen, mit welchem die mitgerissenen Metallpartikel aus der aufgeschmolzenen metallischen Anode im Lichtbogen mit Überschallgeschwindigkeit auf die Bohrungswand aufgebracht werden. Der Lichtbogen wird kontinuierlich durch eine entsprechend hohe elektrische Spannung zwischen der Kathode und der Anode gebildet. Der Metallplasmastrahl kann auch auf andere Weise erzeugt werden, beispielsweise durch Injizieren von Metallpulver in einen Plasmastrahl.A preferred embodiment for the production of the metal plasma jet is according to the invention in that the coating lance comprises a plasma generator, which has a cathode, a metallic anode, which is meltable by an arc between the cathode and the anode, and a nozzle device, through which a gas is conductive, which forms the metal plasma jet with metal particles in the arc. The Düseneirichtung can generate a gas jet, with which the entrained metal particles are applied from the molten metallic anode in the arc at supersonic speed on the bore wall. The arc is continuously formed by a correspondingly high electrical voltage between the cathode and the anode. The metal plasma jet can also be produced in other ways, for example by injecting metal powder into a plasma jet.

Dabei besteht eine bevorzugte Ausführungsvariante darin, dass die metallische Anode durch einen Draht gebildet ist, welcher über eine flexible Zuführung kontinuierlich an die verfahrbare Beschichtungslanze zuführbar ist. Entsprechend der relativ großen Verfahrwege oder des großen Verfahrraumes der Beschichtungslanze ist eine flexible Zuführung für den Anodendraht vorgesehen. Der Anodendraht kann als eine Wicklung mit mehreren 100 Metern Länge gelagert sein und über die flexible Zuführung kontinuierlich zu der Beschichtungslanze zugefördert werden. Aufgrund des kontinuierlichen Betriebes des Plasmagenerators und der Beschichtungslanze kann eine gleichmäßige Zuführung relativ einfach erfolgen.In this case, a preferred embodiment is that the metallic anode is formed by a wire, which is continuously fed via a flexible feed to the movable coating lance. In accordance with the relatively large travel paths or the large traversing space of the coating lance, a flexible feed for the anode wire is provided. The anode wire can be stored as a winding with several 100 meters in length and be conveyed via the flexible feed continuously to the coating lance. Due to the continuous operation of the plasma generator and the coating lance, a uniform feed can be done relatively easily.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur metallischen Beschichtung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beschichtungslanze bei stillstehendem Werkstück mit einer Portaleinrichtung mit mindestens zwei Verfahrachsen in mehrere Bohrungen des Werkstückes verfahren wird, wobei die Bohrungswände der mehreren Bohrungen mit der Beschichtungslanze mit der metallischen Beschichtung versehen werden.The inventive method for metallic coating is characterized in that the coating lance is moved with stationary workpiece with a portal device with at least two axes in several holes of the workpiece, the bore walls of the plurality of holes are provided with the coating lance with the metallic coating.

Mit diesem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren können die vorausgehend im Zusammenhang mit der Anlage beschriebenen Vorteile erreicht werden. Das Verfahren wird vorzugsweise mit einer der vorbeschriebenen Anlagen nach der Erfindung ausgeführt.With this method according to the invention, the advantages described above in connection with the system can be achieved. The process is preferably carried out with one of the above-described plants according to the invention.

Eine besonders gleichmäßige Beschichtung mit geringen Nebenzeiten wird nach der Erfindung dadurch erzielt, dass beim Rückziehen der Beschichtungslanze aus der beschichteten Bohrung der Metallplasmastrahl auf ein Sprühschild gerichtet wird und dass die Beschichtungslanze zusammen mit dem Sprühschild verfahren wird. Es wird so ein Metallauftrag an nicht erwünschten Stellen des Werkstückes vermieden.A particularly uniform coating with low non-productive times is achieved according to the invention in that, when the coating lance is withdrawn from the coated bore, the metal plasma jet is directed onto a spray shield and the coating lance is moved together with the spray shield. It is avoided as a metal to unwanted locations of the workpiece.

Dabei ist es nach einer weiteren Verfahrensvariante bevorzugt, dass der Metallplasmastrahl durch die Beschichtungslanze kontinuierlich erzeugt wird, unabhängig davon, ob sich die Beschichtungslanze in einer Bearbeitungsposition, in einer Bohrung des Werkstückes oder außerhalb des Werkstückes in einer Verfahrposition befindet. Auf diese Weise kann die Steuerung der Beschichtungslanze und des Plasmagenerators zur Erzeugung des Metallplasmastrahles vereinfacht werden. Auch können Anfahrtszeiten eingespart werden, welche ansonsten bei einer Unterbrechung des Metallplasmastrahles erforderlich wären.In this case, it is preferred according to a further variant of the method that the metal plasma jet is generated continuously by the coating lance, regardless of whether the coating lance is in a processing position, in a bore of the workpiece or outside of the workpiece in a movement position. In this way, the control of the coating lance and the plasma generator for generating the metal plasma jet can be simplified. Also, travel times can be saved, which would otherwise be required for an interruption of the metal plasma jet.

Eine weitere Effizienzsteigerung des Verfahrens wird dadurch erreicht, dass das Werkstück über einen Umlaufförderer von einer Ladestation zu einer Bearbeitungsstation gefördert wird, wobei das Werkstück in der Bearbeitungsstation stillsteht, während die mehreren Bohrungen durch die Beschichtungslanze beschichtet werden.A further increase in efficiency of the method is achieved in that the workpiece is conveyed via a circulation conveyor from a loading station to a processing station, wherein the workpiece is stationary in the processing station, while the plurality of holes are coated by the coating lance.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispieles weiter beschrieben, welches schematisch in den beigefügten Zeichnungen dargestellt ist. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Anlage;
Fig. 2
eine um 90° geklappte Seitenansicht der Anlage von Fig. 1 in stark schematisierter Form;
Fig. 3
eine Draufsicht der Anlage gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2; und
Fig. 4
eine schematische perspektivische Ansicht der Anlage gemäß den Figuren 1 bis 3.
The invention will be further described below with reference to a preferred embodiment, which is shown schematically in the accompanying drawings. In the drawings show:
Fig. 1
a schematic side view of a system according to the invention;
Fig. 2
a 90 ° folded side view of the plant of Fig. 1 in a highly schematized form;
Fig. 3
a plan view of the system according to the Figures 1 and 2 ; and
Fig. 4
a schematic perspective view of the system according to the FIGS. 1 to 3 ,

Eine erfindungsgemäße Anlage 10 zur metallischen Beschichtung von Bohrungen 3 in einem Werkstück 1 ist in den Figuren 1 bis 4 gezeigt. Das Werkstück 1 ist im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ein Motorblock, mit 12 Bohrungen 3, welche als Zylinderbohrungen in zwei Sechserreihen in V-Form in dem Werkstück 1 angeordnet sind. Zur Aufnahme eines Werkstücks 1 ist an einem Grundrahmen 16 eine Fördereinrichtung 20 angeordnet, welche im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel als ein Drehtisch 20 ausgebildet ist. Der um eine vertikale Drehachse drehbar angetriebene horizontale Drehtisch 20 weist zwei gegenüberliegende Aufnahmen 23 auf, in welchen jeweils ein plattenförmiges Palettenmodul 24 mit je einem Werkstück 1 aufnehmbar ist. Über eine Schwenkeinrichtung 26 kann das Palettenmodul 24 mit dem Werkstück 1 gegenüber der Horizontalen verschwenkt werden, so dass die Bohrungen 3 in dem Werkstück 1 vertikal zur Durchführung einer metallischen Beschichtung angeordnet werden können.An inventive system 10 for the metallic coating of holes 3 in a workpiece 1 is in the FIGS. 1 to 4 shown. The workpiece 1 is in the illustrated embodiment, an engine block, with 12 holes 3, which are arranged as cylinder bores in two rows of six in V-shape in the workpiece 1. For receiving a workpiece 1, a conveyor 20 is arranged on a base frame 16, which is designed as a turntable 20 in the illustrated embodiment. The rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation driven horizontal turntable 20 has two opposite receptacles 23, in each of which a plate-shaped pallet module 24, each with a workpiece 1 is receivable. Via a pivoting device 26, the pallet module 24 can be pivoted with the workpiece 1 relative to the horizontal, so that the holes 3 in the workpiece 1 can be arranged vertically to carry out a metallic coating.

Das Werkstück 1 wird an einer Ladestation 12 von einer nicht dargestellten Zufördereinrichtung aufgenommen. Anschließend wird der Drehtisch 22 um 180° gedreht, wobei das Werkstück 1 von der Ladestation 12 zu einer Bearbeitungsstation 14 gefördert wird. In der Bearbeitungsstation 14 wird das Werkstück 1 mit der Schwenkeinrichtung 26 um eine horizontale Schwenkachse verschwenkt, wobei jeweils eine Reihe von Bohrungen 3 vertikal ausgerichtet wird, wie aus den Figuren 1 und 4 ersichtlich ist.The workpiece 1 is received at a loading station 12 by a feed device, not shown. Subsequently, the turntable 22 is rotated by 180 °, wherein the workpiece 1 is conveyed from the loading station 12 to a processing station 14. In the processing station 14, the workpiece 1 is pivoted with the pivoting device 26 about a horizontal pivot axis, wherein in each case a series of holes 3 is aligned vertically, as shown in FIGS FIGS. 1 and 4 is apparent.

Zur Durchführung der metallischen Beschichtung ist eine stangenförmige Beschichtungslanze 30 vorgesehen, welche an ihrem unteren Ende mindestens eine Austrittsöffnung 32 für einen Metallplasmastrahl aufweist. Der Metallplasmastrahl wird in bekannter Weise durch einen Plasmagenerator mit einer Kathode und einer metallischen Anode erzeugt. Über eine entsprechend hohe elektrische Spannung wird zwischen der Kathode und der Anode ein Lichtbogen gebildet, durch welche die metallische Anode aufgeschmolzen wird. Die metallische Anode ist als ein kontinuierlich zuführbarer Draht ausgebildet, so dass stets ausreichend Material vorliegt, um mit den aufgeschmolzenen metallischen Partikeln einen Metallplasmastrahl zu bilden. Über eine Gasdüseneinrichtung wird ein Gasstrom erzeugt, welcher mit Überschallgeschwindigkeit aus der Austrittsöffnung 32 am unteren Ende der Beschichtungslanze 30 etwa horizontal austritt. Dabei wird die Beschichtungslanze 30 mit der Austrittsöffnung 32 in die zu beschichtende Bohrung 3 im Werkstück 1 eingefahren.To carry out the metallic coating, a bar-shaped coating lance 30 is provided, which at its lower end has at least one outlet opening 32 for a metal plasma jet. The metal plasma jet is generated in a known manner by a plasma generator with a cathode and a metallic anode. By means of a correspondingly high electrical voltage, an arc is formed between the cathode and the anode, by means of which the metallic anode is melted. The metallic anode is designed as a continuously feedable wire, so that there is always sufficient material to form a metal plasma jet with the molten metal particles. Via a gas nozzle device, a gas stream is generated, which emerges at supersonic speed from the outlet opening 32 at the lower end of the coating lance 30 approximately horizontally. In this case, the coating lance 30 is retracted with the outlet opening 32 in the bore 3 to be coated in the workpiece 1.

Zum Verfahren der Beschichtungslanze 30 ist eine Portaleinrichtung 40 mit zwei parallelen ersten Verfahrachsen 41 vorgesehen. Auf den beiden ersten Verfahrachsen 41 ist ein rahmenartiger erster Verfahrschlitten 47 horizontal verfahrbar gelagert. Der erste Verfahrschlitten 47 weist selbst zwei lineare, horizontale zweite Verfahrachsen 42 auf, welche parallel zueinander und senkrecht zu den ersten Verfahrachsen 41 angeordnet sind.To process the coating lance 30, a portal device 40 with two parallel first track axes 41 is provided. On the two first track axes 41, a frame-like first carriage 47 is mounted horizontally movable. The first traversing carriage 47 itself has two linear, horizontal second traverse axes 42, which are arranged parallel to one another and perpendicular to the first traverse axes 41.

Entlang den beiden zweiten Verfahrachsen 42 ist ein balkenförmiger zweiter Verfahrschlitten 48 horizontal verfahrbar angeordnet. Der zweite Verfahrschlitten 48 weist selbst eine einzelne vertikale dritte Verfahrachse 43 auf. Entlang dieser dritten Verfahrachse 43 ist ein Aufnahmeschlitten 45 vertikal verfahrbar gelagert. Auf dem Aufnahmeschlitten 45 ist die Beschichtungslanze 30 drehbar gehaltert.Along the two second track axes 42, a beam-shaped second carriage 48 is arranged horizontally movable. The second carriage 48 itself has a single vertical third travel axis 43. Along this third travel axis 43, a receiving carriage 45 is mounted vertically movable. On the receiving carriage 45, the coating lance 30 is rotatably supported.

Nachdem ein Werkstück 1 in der Bearbeitungsstation 14 positioniert ist, wird die Beschichtungslanze 30 in eine erste zu beschichtende Bohrung 3 in dem Werkstück 1 eingefahren. Die kontinuierlich betriebene Beschichtungslanze 30 erzeugt dabei einen Metallplasmastrahl, welcher mit Überschallgeschwindigkeit auf eine Bohrungswand der Bohrung 3 auftrifft. Durch das Drehen der Beschichtungslanze 30 und das axiale Verfahren in vertikaler Richtung erfolgt eine gleichmäßige definierte metallische Beschichtung mit einer Dicke von etwa 10 µm auf die Bohrungswand.After a workpiece 1 is positioned in the processing station 14, the coating lance 30 is retracted into a first bore 3 to be coated in the workpiece 1. The continuously operated coating lance 30 generates a metal plasma jet which impinges on a bore wall of the bore 3 at supersonic speed. By rotating the coating lance 30 and the axial process in the vertical direction, a uniform defined metallic coating with a thickness of about 10 microns on the bore wall.

Nach dem Herausfahren der Beschichtungslanze 30 aus der ersten beschichteten Bohrung 3 wird der Metallplasmastrahl unmittelbar bei Austritt aus der Bohrung 3 auf ein nicht dargestelltes Sprühschild gerichtet, welches zusammen mit der Beschichtungslanze 30 an dem Aufnahmeschlitten 45 gehaltert ist. Das Sprühschild nimmt den Metallplasmastrahl auf und wird mit der Beschichtungslanze 30 zu der nächsten zu beschichtenden Bohrung 3 verfahren. Es wird dann die metallische Beschichtung an dieser zweiten Bohrung 3 wiederholt, wobei sich eine entsprechende Beschichtung der weiteren Bohrung 3 in einer Reihe des Werkstückes 1 anschließt. Anschließend kann das Werkstück 1 über die Schwenkeinrichtung 26 um eine horizontale Achse verschwenkt werden, so dass die zweite Reihe des Motorblockes zur Bearbeitung in der vertikalen Position angeordnet ist. Sodann kann sich die Beschichtung auch dieser sechs Bohrungen 3 im motorblockartigen Werkstück 1 anschließen.After moving out of the coating lance 30 from the first coated bore 3, the metal plasma jet is directly at the exit from the hole. 3 directed to a spray shield, not shown, which is supported together with the coating lance 30 on the receiving carriage 45. The spray shield picks up the metal plasma jet and is moved with the coating lance 30 to the next bore 3 to be coated. The metallic coating is then repeated at this second bore 3, with a corresponding coating of the further bore 3 being connected in a row of the workpiece 1. Subsequently, the workpiece 1 can be pivoted about the pivoting device 26 about a horizontal axis, so that the second row of the engine block is arranged for processing in the vertical position. Then, the coating can also connect these six holes 3 in the engine block-like workpiece 1.

Nach Beendigung der Beschichtung wird die Beschichtungslanze 30 mit der Portaleinrichtung 40 rückgefahren, und das fertig beschichtete Werkstück 1 kann unter gleichzeitiger Zuführung eines neuen zu bearbeitenden Werkstückes 1 in die Ladestation 12 rückgefördert werden. Von dort kann eine Entnahme des fertig beschichteten Werkstückes 1 aus der Aufnahme 23 des Drehtisches 22 erfolgen.After completion of the coating, the coating lance 30 is retracted with the portal device 40, and the finished coated workpiece 1 can be fed back into the loading station 12 while simultaneously feeding a new workpiece 1 to be machined. From there, a removal of the finished coated workpiece 1 from the receptacle 23 of the turntable 22 can take place.

Mit der Portaleinrichtung 40 kann die Beschichtungslanze 30 in bestimmten zeitlichen Abständen zu einer nicht dargestellten Reinigungsstation oder zu einer ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Messstation verfahren werden. Dabei kann eine Reinigung der Beschichtungslanze 30 beziehungsweise eine Vermessung des Metallplasmastrahles erfolgen, um so eine zuverlässige Beschichtung auch in einem Dauerbetrieb zu gewährleisten.With the portal device 40, the coating lance 30 can be moved at certain time intervals to a cleaning station, not shown, or to a measuring station, also not shown. In this case, a cleaning of the coating lance 30 or a measurement of the metal plasma jet can be carried out so as to ensure a reliable coating in a continuous operation.

Weiterhin kann an dem Drehtisch 22 ein Handlingsroboter 50 vorgesehen sein, welcher schematisch in den Figuren 3 und 4 angedeutet ist. Über den Handlingsroboter 50 können zusätzliche Mess- oder Reinigungsfunktionen an der Beschichtungslanze 30 oder auch am Werkstück 1 durchgeführt werden.Furthermore, on the turntable 22, a handling robot 50 may be provided, which schematically in the Figures 3 and 4 is indicated. Via the handling robot 50, additional measuring or cleaning functions can be performed on the coating lance 30 or also on the workpiece 1.

Claims (13)

  1. System for the metal coating of a bore wall of a bore (3) in a workpiece (1), in particular of a running surface of a cylinder bore in an engine block, having
    - at least one rotatable coating lance (30), by which a metal plasma jet for coating the bore wall (5) can be produced, and
    - a conveying means (20) for conveying and positioning the workpiece (1) to be coated in a processing position,
    - wherein the coating lance (30), for the purpose of coating several bores (3) of a workpiece (1) in the processing position, can be moved into the bores (3) and the coating lance (30) can be adjusted between a retracted movement position and a coating position, in which the coating lance (30) is arranged in a bore to be coated in the workpiece (1),
    - wherein in the movement position the coating lance (30) is retracted from the bore (3) and the metal plasma jet is directed onto a spray shield,
    characterized in that
    - for movement of the coating lance (30) a portal means (40) with at least two linear movement axes (41, 42, 43) is provided.
  2. System according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the spray shield is of sleeve-shaped design.
  3. System according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that
    the metal plasma jet is produced continuously by the coating lance (30), irrespective of whether the coating lance (30) is located in the coating position or the movement position.
  4. System according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that
    the conveying means (20) is designed as a circulating conveyor, in particular as a rotary table (22),
    in that a loading station (12) and a processing station (14) are provided, in which the coating takes place, and
    in that the workpiece (1) can be transported with the conveying means (20) between the loading station (12) and the processing station (14).
  5. System according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that
    the conveying means (20) has a receiving part for receiving a pallet module (24) which is designed to hold a workpiece (1).
  6. System according to claim 5,
    characterized in that
    in the conveying means (20) the pallet module (24) is adjustable, in particular pivotable.
  7. System according to any one of claims 4 to 6,
    characterized in that
    between the loading station (12) and the processing station (14) an adjustable partition wall is arranged.
  8. System according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
    characterized in that
    a cleaning station for cleaning the coating lance (30) and/or a measuring station for measuring the metal plasma jet are provided and
    in that the coating lance (30) can be moved with the portal means (40) to the cleaning station and/or to the measuring station (52).
  9. System according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
    characterized in that
    the coating lance (30) comprises a plasma generator which has a cathode, a metal anode, which can be melted by an arc between the cathode and the anode, and a nozzle means, through which a gas can be led that forms the metal plasma jet together with metal particles in the arc.
  10. System according to claim 9,
    characterized in that
    the metal anode is formed by a wire which can be fed continuously via a flexible feed to the movable coating lance (30).
  11. Method for the metal coating of a bore wall of a bore (3) in a workpiece (1), in particular of a running surface of a cylinder bore in an engine block, in which
    - a rotatable coating lance (30) is moved into a bore (3) to be coated,
    - a metal plasma jet is produced by the coating lance (30),
    - through rotation of the coating lance (30) the metal coating is applied to the bore wall and
    - the coating lance (30) is moved into several bores (3) of the workpiece (1), wherein the bore walls of the several bores (3) are provided with the metal coating by the coating lance (30),
    - wherein on retraction of the coating lance (30) from the coated bore (3) the metal plasma jet is directed onto a spray shield,
    characterized in that
    when the workpiece (1) is at a standstill the coating lance (30) is moved by a portal means (40) with at least two linear movement axes (41, 42, 43).
  12. Method according to claim 11,
    characterized in that
    the metal plasma jet is produced continuously by the coating lance (30), irrespective of whether the coating lance (30) is located in a processing position in a bore (3) of the workpiece (1) or on the outside of the workpiece (1) in a movement position.
  13. Method according to claim 11 or 12,
    characterized in that
    the workpiece (1) is conveyed via a conveying means (20) from a loading station (12) to a processing station (14), wherein the workpiece (1) is at a standstill in the processing station (14) while the several bores (3) are coated by the coating lance (30).
EP14165172.9A 2014-04-17 2014-04-17 Installation and method for producing a metallic coating on a borehole wall Active EP2933352B1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL14165172T PL2933352T3 (en) 2014-04-17 2014-04-17 Installation and method for producing a metallic coating on a borehole wall
ES14165172T ES2710712T3 (en) 2014-04-17 2014-04-17 Installation and procedure for the metallic coating of a perforation wall
EP14165172.9A EP2933352B1 (en) 2014-04-17 2014-04-17 Installation and method for producing a metallic coating on a borehole wall
HUE14165172A HUE043608T2 (en) 2014-04-17 2014-04-17 Installation and method for producing a metallic coating on a borehole wall
PCT/EP2015/054243 WO2015158458A1 (en) 2014-04-17 2015-03-02 System and method for the metal coating of a bore wall

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14165172.9A EP2933352B1 (en) 2014-04-17 2014-04-17 Installation and method for producing a metallic coating on a borehole wall

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2933352A1 EP2933352A1 (en) 2015-10-21
EP2933352B1 true EP2933352B1 (en) 2018-11-21

Family

ID=50486842

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14165172.9A Active EP2933352B1 (en) 2014-04-17 2014-04-17 Installation and method for producing a metallic coating on a borehole wall

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2933352B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2710712T3 (en)
HU (1) HUE043608T2 (en)
PL (1) PL2933352T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2015158458A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3896190B1 (en) 2020-04-16 2024-06-05 Sturm Maschinen- & Anlagenbau GmbH Installation and method for producing a metallic coating on a borehole wall
CN112264224A (en) * 2020-10-27 2021-01-26 衡阳丰联精细化工有限公司 Corrosion-resistant surface treatment device for sulfuric acid preparation equipment and treatment method thereof

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013006529A1 (en) * 2011-07-01 2013-01-10 Comau, Inc. Thermal metal spraying apparatus

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19929247A1 (en) * 1998-12-18 2000-06-21 Volkswagen Ag Thermal coating of cavity surfaces, especially plasma spray coating of cylinder running surfaces of an i. c. engine crank-case, comprises directing an inert gas stream parallel to the surfaces being coated
DE10230847B3 (en) * 2002-07-04 2004-02-05 Universität Stuttgart Institut für Fertigungstechnologie keramischer Bauteile Process and device for the internal coating of cavities by thermal spraying

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013006529A1 (en) * 2011-07-01 2013-01-10 Comau, Inc. Thermal metal spraying apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL2933352T3 (en) 2019-03-29
ES2710712T3 (en) 2019-04-26
EP2933352A1 (en) 2015-10-21
HUE043608T2 (en) 2019-08-28
WO2015158458A1 (en) 2015-10-22

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