EP2930345B1 - Injecteur de carburant - Google Patents

Injecteur de carburant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2930345B1
EP2930345B1 EP15160985.6A EP15160985A EP2930345B1 EP 2930345 B1 EP2930345 B1 EP 2930345B1 EP 15160985 A EP15160985 A EP 15160985A EP 2930345 B1 EP2930345 B1 EP 2930345B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coupler
pressure
nozzle
spring
actuator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP15160985.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2930345A1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Gruenberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2930345A1 publication Critical patent/EP2930345A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2930345B1 publication Critical patent/EP2930345B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/21—Fuel-injection apparatus with piezoelectric or magnetostrictive elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
    • F02M2200/705—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic with means for filling or emptying hydraulic chamber, e.g. for compensating clearance or thermal expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
    • F02M2200/708—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic with hydraulic chambers formed by a movable sleeve

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • a fuel injector for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine which has a piezoelectric actuator for controlling the lifting movement of a nozzle needle, which is accommodated for releasing and closing at least one injection port in a high-pressure chamber in a liftable manner.
  • the piezoelectric actuator acts together with a hydraulic coupler, which is designed as a reverse coupler. This means that when current is supplied and the piezoelectric actuator elongated, the hydraulic coupler effects a reversal of the direction of action of the actuator and thus a lifting of the nozzle needle from a sealing seat.
  • the hydraulic coupler comprises at least two coupler pistons.
  • a first coupler piston is accommodated on the actuator side in a coupler body which separates a high-pressure region of the fuel injector from a low-pressure region.
  • a coupler space is formed, each of which is connected via formed in the coupler body bores with corresponding coupler spaces above and below the at least one further coupler piston.
  • an opening or closing force acting on the nozzle needle can be generated. The closing process is initiated in this fuel injector by deactivation and a concomitant reduction of the piezoelectric actuator.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a fuel injector with reversing coupler, which is designed simpler and more compact.
  • the fuel injector proposed for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine comprises a nozzle body and a nozzle needle which is liftably received for releasing and closing at least one injection opening in a high-pressure bore of the nozzle body and acted upon in the direction of a sealing seat by the spring force of a nozzle spring. Furthermore, the fuel injector comprises an actuator for controlling the lifting movement of the nozzle needle, wherein the actuator is hydraulically coupled to the nozzle needle via a coupling device comprising at least one coupler piston. According to the coupler piston is acted upon directly or indirectly via a liftable pressure plate of the spring force of a coupler spring, which is arranged in the high-pressure bore and axially biases the coupler piston in the direction of the actuator.
  • the coupler piston Upon deactivation of the actuator causes the axial bias that the coupler piston is returned to its original position.
  • the coupler piston preferably carries with it a further coupler piston of the coupling device arranged on the actuator side, so that optionally a further spring arranged on the actuator side can be dispensed with for returning the coupling device.
  • This allows a compact structure arrangement of the components of Coupling device, in particular, when the two coupler pistons are mechanically coupled or coupled.
  • the inventive design of the fuel injector has the advantage that a guide of the coupler piston is effected.
  • the coupler piston for limiting a coupler space is at least partially accommodated in a coupler plate which separates the high-pressure bore from a low-pressure region of the injector.
  • a guide of the coupler piston is effected.
  • the coupler plate preferably has a hollow-cylindrical projection on its side facing the nozzle needle.
  • the coupler piston or the liftable pressure plate preferably has a central recess in which an end of the nozzle needle facing the actuator is accommodated for delimiting a control chamber. If no pressure plate is provided, the control chamber is limited solely by the nozzle needle and the coupler piston. In this case, the coupler piston is at least partially hollow cylinder-shaped at its end facing the nozzle needle and receives the actuator facing the end of the nozzle needle. If a pressure plate is provided, the control space is limited by the nozzle needle, the coupler piston and the pressure plate.
  • the pressure plate which may be formed as a sleeve, for example, is easy to manufacture and also simplifies the production of the coupler piston.
  • the coupler space is connected to the control space via a bore formed in the coupler piston.
  • the bore ensures that the hydraulic pressure in the control room corresponds to the hydraulic pressure in the coupler compartment.
  • the arrangement of the two spaces connecting bore in the coupler piston can be costly to be produced holes in the coupler plate or in a further coupler body, which significantly simplifies the production.
  • the coupler piston can be mechanically coupled via a pressure pin passing through the coupler plate with a further coupler piston arranged on the actuator side.
  • the pressure pin passing through the coupler plate has a smaller outer diameter than the one or more coupler pistons, so that the guide region of the pressure pin is less leaky.
  • the pressure pin may be formed as a separate component which is supported on the one hand on the nozzle-side coupler piston and on the other hand on the actuator-side coupler piston. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, however, the pressure pin is formed integrally with one of the coupler pistons, preferably integrally with the coupler piston arranged on the nozzle side.
  • the nozzle needle is stepped in order to form a low-pressure stage.
  • the low-pressure stage is formed on the actuator end of the nozzle needle and connected via at least one formed in the nozzle-side coupler piston and / or in the pressure pin bore with the low pressure region of the injector or connectable. Due to the low-pressure stage, the nozzle needle is relieved, since at least part of its hydraulic effective area is acted upon only by low pressure. The relief acts in the opening direction, so that the force required to open the nozzle needle is reduced.
  • the low-pressure stage is preferably limited in the radial direction by a hollow-cylindrical projection of the nozzle-side coupler piston or a spring-loaded sleeve bearing against the nozzle-side coupler piston.
  • the hollow cylindrical projection of the nozzle-side arranged coupler piston or the sleeve cause a separation of the low-pressure region from the high-pressure region of the injector. Furthermore, the formation of the low pressure stage within the control room is possible, which allows a particularly compact structure arrangement.
  • the nozzle needle is surrounded by a recorded in the high-pressure bore sleeve, which is designed to support the nozzle spring preferably stepped.
  • the stepped sleeve may also serve to form a stroke stop for the nozzle needle.
  • the sleeve is axially biased against the nozzle body via the spring force of the coupler spring.
  • the axial bias of the sleeve prevents a change in the stroke stop.
  • the spring force is preferred Coupler spring selected larger than that of the nozzle spring, so that a lifting of the sleeve from the nozzle body is reliably avoided.
  • the nozzle spring is arranged coaxially and radially inwardly lying with respect to the coupler spring.
  • the actuator is a piezoelectric actuator that elongates during activation and contracts when deactivated. This high forces can be generated, which allow direct control of the lifting movement of the nozzle needle.
  • the piezoelectric actuator is accommodated in a holding body of the injector, which is braced axially via a nozzle retaining nut with the nozzle body and the coupler plate.
  • the fuel injector shown in longitudinal section comprises a plurality of body components, namely a nozzle body 1, a coupler plate 16 and a holding body 25, which are axially braced via a nozzle lock nut 26.
  • the nozzle body 1 forms a high-pressure bore 4, in which a nozzle needle 2 for releasing and closing at least one injection opening 3 is received in a liftable manner.
  • the nozzle needle 2 acts together with a sealing seat 5.
  • the nozzle needle 2 is acted upon by the spring force of a nozzle spring 6, which is supported on the one hand on a collar of the nozzle needle 2 and on the other hand on a sleeve 24.
  • the sleeve 24 in turn is pressed by the spring force of a coupler spring 12, which is greater than the spring force of the nozzle spring 6, against a shoulder 32 of the nozzle body 1. The position of the sleeve 24 is therefore fixed.
  • the fuel injector shown has an actuator 7, which in the present case is designed as a piezoelectric actuator and accommodated in the holding body 25.
  • the actuator 7 is hydraulically coupled via a coupling device 8 with the nozzle needle 1.
  • the coupling device 8 comprises a coupler piston 9 arranged in a low-pressure region 17 and a coupler piston 9 in the high-pressure bore 4 arranged coupler piston 10, wherein the two coupler pistons 9, 10 are mechanically coupled via an integrally formed with the coupler piston 10 pressure pin 19.
  • the pressure pin 19 passes through the coupler plate 16, which separates the low-pressure region 17 from the high-pressure bore 4.
  • the low-pressure region 17 is connected to a return 31 for discharging a leakage amount.
  • the actuator-side arranged coupler piston 9 is operatively connected via a force transmission plate 33 with the actuator 7.
  • the coupler piston 10 arranged on the nozzle side is received in a hollow-cylindrical projection of the coupler plate 16 for delimiting a coupler space 15.
  • the end face of the coupler piston 10 remote from the coupler space 15 delimits a control space 14, which is connected to the coupler space 15 via a bore 18.
  • the control chamber 14 is further limited by the nozzle needle 2 and a liftable pressure plate 11, which has a central recess 13 for receiving the sealing seat 5 facing away from the end of the nozzle needle 2.
  • the spring force of the coupler spring 12 presses the liftable pressure plate 11 against the coupler piston 10, so that the control chamber 14 is sealed against the high-pressure bore 4.
  • the sealing seat 5 facing away from the end of the nozzle needle 2 is designed to form a low-pressure stage 20 in this case stepped.
  • the low-pressure stage 20 comprises a low-pressure space, which is bounded in the radial direction by a spring-loaded sleeve 23 accommodated in the control chamber 14.
  • the low-pressure chamber is connected to the low-pressure region 17 via bores 21, 22, which are formed in the coupler piston 10 and in the pressure pin 19.
  • the actuator 7 is deactivated. This has the consequence that the actuator 7 contracts again.
  • the spring force of the coupler spring 12 supported on the pressure plate 11 causes the coupler piston 10 arranged on the nozzle side to move upward, this time entraining the coupler piston 9 arranged on the actuator side due to the mechanical coupling via the pressure pin 19.
  • the coupler spring 12 is supported by the spring 30.
  • the arrangement of the spring 30 is not absolutely necessary. Their function can be taken over by the coupler spring 12, so that 30 space can be saved with omission of the spring.
  • the provision of the coupler piston 9, 10 causes a pressure increase in the coupling chamber 15 and the control chamber 14, which in turn has the consequence that acts on the nozzle needle 2 - in addition to the spring force of the nozzle spring 6 - a hydraulic closing force.
  • the nozzle needle 2 is returned to the sealing seat 5 and the injection ended.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Injecteur de carburant pour l'injection de carburant dans une chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne, comprenant un corps de buse (1) et un pointeau (2), qui est logé en mouvement de levée dans un alésage haute pression (4) du corps de buse (1) pour l'ouverture et la fermeture d'au moins un orifice d'injection (3) et qui est soumis à la force de ressort d'un ressort de buse (6) en direction d'un siège étanche (5), comprenant en outre un actionneur (7) pour la commande du mouvement de levée du pointeau (2), dans lequel l'actionneur (7) est hydrauliquement couplé au pointeau (2) par au moins un dispositif de couplage (10) comprenant au moins un piston de coupleur (10) et dans lequel le piston de coupleur (10) est soumis directement ou indirectement par l'intermédiaire d'une plaque de pression (11) à mouvement de levée à la force de ressort d'un ressort de coupleur (22), qui est disposé dans l'alésage haute pression (4) et qui précontraint axialement le piston de coupleur (10) en direction de l'actionneur (7), caractérisé en ce que le piston de coupleur (10) est logé au moins partiellement, pour la limitation d'une chambre de coupleur (15), dans une plaque de coupleur (16), qui sépare l'alésage haute pression (4) d'une région à basse pression (17).
  2. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le piston de coupleur (10) ou la plaque de pression à mouvement de levée (11) comporte un évidement central (13), dans lequel une extrémité du pointeau (2) tournée vers l'actionneur (7) est logée pour la limitation d'une chambre de commande (14).
  3. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de coupleur (15) est reliée à la chambre de commande (14) par un alésage (18) pratiqué dans le piston de coupleur (10).
  4. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le piston de coupleur (10) peut être couplé mécaniquement à un autre piston de coupleur (9) disposé côté actionneur au moyen d'une tige de pression (19) traversant la plaque de coupleur (16), dans lequel la tige de pression (19) est de préférence formée d'une seule pièce avec un des pistons de coupleur (9, 10), et de préférence d'une seule pièce avec le piston de coupleur (10).
  5. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le pointeau (2) est réalisé sous forme étagée pour la formation d'un étage basse pression (20), dans lequel l'étage basse pression (20) est formé de préférence à l'extrémité côté actionneur du pointeau (2) et est ou peut être relié à la région à basse pression (17) par l'intermédiaire d'au moins un alésage (21, 22) pratiqué dans le piston de coupleur (10) et/ou dans la tige de pression (19).
  6. Injecteur de carburant selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'étage basse pression (20) est limité en direction radiale par un épaulement cylindrique creux du piston de coupleur (10) ou par une douille à ressort (23) appliquée sur le piston de coupleur (10).
  7. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le pointeau (2) est entouré par une douille (24) logée dans l'alésage haute pression (4), qui est réalisée de préférence sous forme étagée pour l'appui du ressort de buse (6) et/ou est précontrainte axialement par la force de ressort du ressort de coupleur (12) par rapport au corps de buse (1).
  8. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la force de ressort du ressort de coupleur (12) est plus élevée que celle du ressort de buse (6), dans lequel le ressort de buse (6) est de préférence disposé coaxialement et radialement à l'intérieur par rapport au ressort de coupleur (12).
  9. Injecteur de carburant selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'actionneur (7) est un actionneur piézoélectrique, qui est de préférence logé dans un corps de maintien (25), qui est serré axialement avec le corps de buse (1) et la plaque de coupleur (16) au moyen d'un écrou de serrage de buse (26).
EP15160985.6A 2014-04-10 2015-03-26 Injecteur de carburant Not-in-force EP2930345B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014206971.8A DE102014206971A1 (de) 2014-04-10 2014-04-10 Kraftstoffinjektor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2930345A1 EP2930345A1 (fr) 2015-10-14
EP2930345B1 true EP2930345B1 (fr) 2017-06-28

Family

ID=53174781

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15160985.6A Not-in-force EP2930345B1 (fr) 2014-04-10 2015-03-26 Injecteur de carburant

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2930345B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102014206971A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004028522A1 (de) * 2004-06-11 2005-12-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor mit variabler Aktorhubübersetzung
JP5051102B2 (ja) * 2008-11-17 2012-10-17 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 燃料噴射弁
DE102011003443A1 (de) 2011-02-01 2012-08-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Kraftstoffinjektor

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102014206971A1 (de) 2015-10-15
EP2930345A1 (fr) 2015-10-14

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