EP2924701B1 - Attachment block for a low voltage switching device - Google Patents
Attachment block for a low voltage switching device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2924701B1 EP2924701B1 EP14162038.5A EP14162038A EP2924701B1 EP 2924701 B1 EP2924701 B1 EP 2924701B1 EP 14162038 A EP14162038 A EP 14162038A EP 2924701 B1 EP2924701 B1 EP 2924701B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- armature
- attachment block
- movement
- low
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/60—Mechanical arrangements for preventing or damping vibration or shock
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
- H01H50/18—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
- H01H50/30—Mechanical arrangements for preventing or damping vibration or shock, e.g. by balancing of armature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
- H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
- H01H50/18—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
- H01H50/30—Mechanical arrangements for preventing or damping vibration or shock, e.g. by balancing of armature
- H01H50/305—Mechanical arrangements for preventing or damping vibration or shock, e.g. by balancing of armature damping vibration due to functional movement of armature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/02—Housings; Casings; Bases; Mountings
- H01H71/0207—Mounting or assembling the different parts of the circuit breaker
- H01H71/0228—Mounting or assembling the different parts of the circuit breaker having provisions for interchangeable or replaceable parts
Definitions
- the invention relates to an attachment block for a low-voltage switching device comprising an electromagnetic drive with a fixed yoke and an armature movable relative to the yoke and a switching contact whose contacts are closable and apparent by a movement of the armature along an axis.
- a reduction of the switching noise is possible for example by a reduction of the turn-on voltage by means of an electronic circuit.
- the electronic circuit can be switched between a control supply voltage and a coil of the electromagnetic drive.
- To turn on the low-voltage switchgear only the so-called. Undervoltage, ie the lowest permitted supply voltage, is applied to the coil. Once the contacts of the switch contact are closed, the voltage is increased to ensure the required high contact force.
- a disadvantage of this procedure is that the switch-on time of the Low-voltage switching device is disadvantageously increased.
- the US 2007/069840 A1 describes an attachment block for a switching device, wherein the switching device comprises an electromagnetic drive with a fixed yoke and a movable relative to the yoke armature and a switching contact whose contacts are closed by a movement of the armature along an axis and apparent, the attachment block a Means for motion damping comprises, which slows the armature movement in a closing operation of the switch contact by a movement of the armature in the direction of the yoke, as soon as a contact contact of the contacts of the switch contact is given.
- an attachment block for a low-voltage switchgear comprising an electromagnetic drive having a fixed yoke and an armature movable relative to the yoke and a switch contact whose contacts are closable and apparent by movement of the armature along an axis .
- the attachment block comprises a means for damping motion, which presses the armature movement in a closing operation of the switch contact by a movement of the armature in the direction of the yoke, as soon as a contact contact of the contacts of the switch contact is given.
- the means for damping movement is preferably arranged in a separately provided from the low-voltage switchgear attachment block, so that conventional low-voltage switchgear can be improved by the attachment of a corresponding attachment block in terms of noise.
- the means for damping motion of the noise level will be adjusted by the design of the means for damping motion of the noise level. Furthermore, influencing the frequency spectrum of the switching noise is possible.
- the means for damping movement may comprise a damping plate and a number of abutments, wherein the damping plate abuts the number of abutments as soon as the contact contact of the contacts is given.
- the damping plate and the number of abutment are arranged to each other such that a concern of the damping plate on the number of thrust bearings takes place only when the contact contact of the contacts of the switch contact is given. Due to the properties of the damping plate during the further switch-on process, it is ensured that the closing operation of the electric drive system is delayed in time.
- the damping plate may be mechanically coupled or coupled to the armature. This ensures that the damping plate follows the movement of the armature in the direction of the yoke.
- the damper plate may be coupled to an axially extending shank which is mechanically connected to a contact carrier of the low voltage switchgear when the attachment block is mechanically connected to the low voltage switchgear and follows the movement of the armature.
- the shaft of the attachment block thus represents an extension of a likewise present in the form of a shank contact carrier of the low-voltage switchgear.
- the mechanical connection between the shaft and the contact carrier can be non-positively and / or positively. In practice, it can be provided to produce the mechanical connection between these two components by means of a snap connection.
- the damping plate may be coupled via a Wegausretesfeder with the shaft. hereby can be ensured that the damping plate always rests on the number of thrust bearing as soon as the contact contact of the contacts is given.
- the damping plate is elastically deformable from the contact contact by the movement of the armature and the system to the number of stationary counter bearings. As a result, the speed is braked by the movable damping plate in the attachment block until the armature and the yoke of the electric drive system meet. Due to the reduced impact energy with the same moving mass then the noise of the low-voltage switching device or the electromagnetic drive is limited to a minimum.
- the damping plate may consist of a reversibly deformable, elastic plastic or a metal.
- the number of counter bearings can consist of a plastic or a metal.
- a plane in which respective impact surfaces of the number of abutments are arranged can be variably aligned in the axial direction.
- the plane is perpendicular to the above-mentioned axis, along which the movable armature moves towards the fixed yoke.
- the elasticity of the damping plate is adjustable by the position of the number of thrust bearings.
- the number of thrust bearings can be adjusted, for example in the manner of adjusting screws by a rotation in the axial direction. It is understood that the axial adjustment of the number of abutments is uniform, so that their impact surfaces are always in the common plane, which is perpendicular to the axis of motion, lie.
- the axial displacement thus allows influencing the bending elasticity of the damping plate.
- the noise level and the frequency spectrum of the switching noise can be influenced. These significantly influence the switching sensation of people in the vicinity of the low-voltage switchgear.
- the means for damping movement comprise a spring, wherein the spring is first loaded against its spring force, as soon as the contact contact of the contacts is given.
- the spring may be provided alternatively or in addition to the damping plate described above and the number of abutments in the attachment block.
- the spring is arranged in the attachment block in such a way that it is not subjected to any counterforce before the contacts are in contact. Thereby, a maximum damping of the closing operation of the electric drive system can be achieved.
- the spring may be disposed in the shaft extending in the axial direction or about the shaft, which is mechanically connected to a contact carrier of the low-voltage switchgear in an attachment block mechanically connected to the low-voltage switchgear and follows the movement of the armature.
- the spring when it is arranged around the shaft, can be supported on a housing wall adjoining the low-voltage switching device.
- a low-voltage switching device which comprises a base unit with an electromagnetic drive with a fixed yoke and an armature movable relative to the yoke, and a switching contact whose contacts are moved by a movement of the armature along a Axis are closable and obvious, as well as comprising a tower block according to the manner described above.
- the attachment block and the base unit can be two separable components.
- the Fig. 1 to 3 each show in a sectional view of an inventive low-voltage switchgear 1.
- the low-voltage switchgear 1 comprises a base unit 10 with the components required for a switching operation and a releasably attachable to the base unit 10 essay block 30.
- the variant described below has the advantage that standardized basic equipment 10 can be subsequently provided with the separate, inventive attachment block 30 in order to achieve an improvement in terms of switching noise.
- the electromagnetic drive 11 consists of a fixed yoke 12 with a coil 13 and a relative to the yoke 12 movable armature 14.
- the armature 14 is along an axis (so-called. Movement axis) movable in the plane of the drawing vertically from top to bottom.
- the basic unit 10 further comprises a switching contact 15, which can be switched by a movement of the armature 14 between a position "open” and a position "closed".
- the switching contact 15 comprises a first and a second fixed contact piece 16, 18 and a movable contact piece 20.
- the first and the second fixed contact piece 16, 18 and the movable contact piece 20 extend in planes perpendicular to the axis of movement of the armature.
- the movable contact piece 20 and the armature 14 are arranged on a shaft-shaped contact carrier 23, which extends in the direction of the axis of movement of the armature 14.
- the fixed contact pieces 16, 18 and the movable contact piece 20 have contact surfaces 17, 19, 21, 22, wherein at a contact contact of the contact surfaces 17, 21 and the contact surfaces 19, 22, a current from the first Festschalt Faculty 16 via the movable contact piece 20 and second fixed contact 18 can flow. A current flow is possible as soon as a contact contact of the contact surfaces 17, 19, 21, 22 is given.
- the attachment block 30, which in the Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 mechanically connected to the base unit 10, preferably releasably, comprises a shaft 31 which can be moved in the direction of the axis of movement of the armature 14 or of the contact carrier 23.
- the shaft 31 is arranged in the attachment block 30 such that it extends to the contact carrier 23 of the basic device 10 is formed. More precisely, a free end 43 of the shaft 31 adjoins an end 25, remote from the armature 14, of the contact carrier 23.
- These can be coupled to one another, for example, via a latching or snap connection (not shown).
- a damping plate 33 is mechanically coupled.
- the damping plate 33 may be fixedly connected to the shaft 31.
- the damping plate can also, as in the Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 is shown coupled via a Wegausretesfeder 42 with the shaft 31.
- the Wegausretesfeder 42 as shown schematically in the Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 is shown to be arranged inside the shaft 31. It can also be arranged around the shaft 31.
- the Wegaus Sammlungsfeder 42 is supported on a Nederlager 44 of the shaft 31, which is the free end 43 opposite.
- the damping plate 33 forms, together with a number of abutments 35, 38, a means 32 for damping movement.
- the damping plate 33 is formed from an elastic, reversibly deformable plastic or metal.
- the abutment 35, 38 in particular their impact surfaces 35, 39 made of an elastic plastic or a metal. Is the switching contact 15 in the "open" position ( Fig. 1 ), so respective impact surfaces 36, 39 of the abutment 35, 38 are arranged at a defined distance from the damping plate 33.
- the impact surfaces 36, 39 lie in a common plane, which extends perpendicular to the axis of movement of the shaft 31, the contact carrier 33 and the armature 14.
- abutments 35, 38 are shown.
- the number of counter bearings could also be chosen larger.
- the abutments 35, 38 are arranged in a perpendicular to the axis of movement wall 41 of the attachment block 30.
- the abutments 35, 38 can be adjusted in the axial direction, so that the distance between the impact surfaces lying in a plane 36, 39 and the damping plate 33 is adjustable.
- the counter-bearings 35, 38 can this have the manner of a screw on an external thread, which engages in a corresponding internal thread of recesses of the wall 41.
- grooves 37, 40 of the abutment 35, 38 can be adjusted by rotation, for example by means of a screwdriver before the connection of the attachment block 30 with the base support 10, the axial distance in the desired manner.
- a spring 34 may be provided in the attachment block, which is supported on an abutment 45.
- the non-bearing 45 may be formed, for example, by a housing wall of the attachment block 30 adjoining the basic device 10.
- the armature movement is braked by a movement of the armature 14 in the direction of the yoke 12 by excitation of the coil 13 as soon as a contact contact of the contact surfaces 17, 19, 21, 22 of the switching contact 15 given is. Due to the elasticity of the movement damping means or means 32, the firing process of the electromagnetic drive 11 is thus delayed.
- the switching noise can be significantly reduced, without affecting the switching speed of the low-voltage switchgear 1 is adversely affected.
- the reason for this is that, until contact contact of the contact surfaces 17, 19, 21, 22, movement of the armature 14 in the direction of the yoke is not influenced by the movement damping means or means 32. Only with the contact contact or the means 32 for damping movement are active and reduce the speed of the armature 14 in the direction of the yoke 12. This is readily apparent from the schematic representations of Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 seen.
- Fig. 1 is the low-voltage switchgear 1 off, ie, the switch contact 15 is open.
- the armature 14 is spaced from the yoke 12, the contact surfaces 17, 19, 21, 22 do not touch and between the impact surfaces 36, 39 of the abutment 35, 38 is given a distance to the damping plate 33.
- the distance between the impact surfaces 36, 39 and the damping plate 33 corresponds to the distance between the contact surfaces 17 and 21 and 19 and 22 of the contact pieces 16, 18 and 20th
- Fig. 2 shows the low-voltage switching device 1 after applying a control supply voltage to the coil 23, through which the armature 14 is attracted by the yoke 12.
- a contact contact between the surface contacts 17 and 21 and the surface contacts 19 and 22 of the contact pieces 16, 18 and 20 takes place.
- the damping plate 33 adjoins the impact surfaces 36, 39 of the abutments 35, 38.
- the overall system consisting of the shaft 31, the contact carrier 23 and the armature 14 speed up to a contact contact of the contact surfaces 17, 19, 21, 22 of the contact pieces 16, 18, 20 is present.
- the contact carrier spring 24 is not yet compressed at this moment.
- the Wegaus GmbHsfeder 42 ensures that the damping plate 33 at the impact surfaces 36, 39 of the abutment 35, 38 rests, but without generating a significant force.
- the additional existing spring 34 which is an additional or independent means 32 for motion damping, also not yet compressed.
- the elastic damping plate 33 is matched in terms of its modulus of elasticity to the prevailing forces in the base unit 10. This affects the length, thickness and material of the damping element 33. This allows for a sound-optimized, gentle turn-on.
- the exact configuration of the damping element 33 and / or the spring force of the acting as a brake spring 34 can be found by simulations and / or experiments.
- the Embodiment depends essentially on the type and / or the design of the electromagnetic drive 11.
- the bending stress of the damping element 33 must be smaller by a safety factor than the bending limit of the selected material of the damping element 33. After the switching process, the material must return to its original state. Since the modulus of elasticity of the damping element 33 is temperature-dependent and decreases with increasing temperature (the material thus becomes more elastic), this must be taken into account in the design of the material and the dimensioning.
- Due to the axial adjustability of the abutment 35, 38 can by adjusting the distance between the impact surfaces 36, 39 and the damping element 33 in the off state according to Fig. 1 the bending elasticity of the damping element 33 are influenced. This makes it possible to influence the noise level and the frequency spectrum of the switching noise. This can then be determined according to the application of the low-voltage switchgear 1.
- Fig. 4 shows a velocity-displacement diagram (vs diagram), wherein a first curve K1 is shown by a solid line and a second curve K2 by a dashed line.
- the curve K1 shows the speed-distance curve of a low-voltage switchgear according to the invention, while the curve K2 represents the speed-path curve of a conventional low-voltage switchgear without the attachment block as described above.
- Position A corresponds to the "open" position, as in Fig. 1 is shown.
- the curves K1 and K2 run in unison.
- the position is "closed” according to Fig. 3 achieved, with the speed in the position C of a low-voltage switching device according to the invention is considerably smaller than the position C 'in a conventional low-voltage switching device.
- the low-voltage switching device is in the closed state, ie current can flow via the switching contacts. In this state, the switching contacts are static, ie the speed is 0.
- the low-voltage switching device undergoes a higher mechanical bias, which is noticeable when switching off by a higher turn-off compared to a conventional low-voltage switchgear.
- a limiter device comprising a freewheeling diode system to capture a mutual inductance may be provided. This makes it possible to reduce the turn-off noise by the Ausschaltanschlag to a minimum.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
- Electromagnets (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Aufsatzblock für ein Niederspannungsschaltgerät, das einen elektromagnetischen Antrieb mit einem feststehenden Joch und einem relativ zu dem Joch beweglichen Anker sowie ein Schaltkontakt umfasst, dessen Kontakte durch eine Bewegung des Ankers längs einer Achse schließbar und offenbar sind.The invention relates to an attachment block for a low-voltage switching device comprising an electromagnetic drive with a fixed yoke and an armature movable relative to the yoke and a switching contact whose contacts are closable and apparent by a movement of the armature along an axis.
Bei Niederspannungsschaltgeräten besteht das Bedürfnis, bei gegebenem Bauvolumen immer größere Leistungen schalten zu können. Infolgedessen werden höhere Kontaktkräfte notwendig, um die dabei höher werdenden Schaltströme zu beherrschen. Der Schaltvorgang muss dabei über den gesamten, vorgegebenen Arbeitsbereich der Erregerspule, d.h. eine vorgegebene Spannung, erfolgen.For low-voltage switchgear there is a need to be able to switch more and more power for a given volume of construction. As a result, higher contact forces are necessary to control the thereby increasing switching currents. The switching process must be performed over the entire, predetermined working range of the exciter coil, i. a predetermined voltage, done.
Um den erhöhten Kontaktkräften bei größerer Leistung Rechnung zu tragen, ist es erforderlich, den elektromagnetischen Antrieb stärker auszulegen. Dies macht sich in einer deutlich erhöhten Einschaltenergie und damit auch in einem erhöhten Schaltgeräusch bemerkbar. Je nach Verwendung des Niederspannungsschaltgeräts kann das Schaltgeräusch störend sein.In order to take account of the increased contact forces with greater power, it is necessary to design the electromagnetic drive stronger. This is reflected in a significantly increased turn-on energy and thus in an increased switching noise noticeable. Depending on the use of the low-voltage switchgear, the switching noise can be disturbing.
Eine Reduzierung des Schaltgeräusches ist beispielsweise durch eine Reduktion der Einschaltspannung mittels einer elektronischen Schaltung möglich. Die elektronische Schaltung kann zwischen einer Steuerspeisespannung und einer Spule des elektromagnetischen Antriebs geschaltet werden. Zum Einschalten des Niederspannungsschaltgeräts wird nur die sog. Unterspannung, d.h. die unterste erlaubte Versorgungsspannung, an die Spule angelegt. Sobald die Kontakte des Schaltskontakts geschlossen sind, wird die Spannung erhöht, um die erforderliche hohe Kontaktkraft sicher zu stellen. Ein Nachteil dieses Vorgehens besteht darin, dass die Einschaltzeit des Niederspannungsschaltgeräts in nachteiliger Weise vergrößert wird.A reduction of the switching noise is possible for example by a reduction of the turn-on voltage by means of an electronic circuit. The electronic circuit can be switched between a control supply voltage and a coil of the electromagnetic drive. To turn on the low-voltage switchgear only the so-called. Undervoltage, ie the lowest permitted supply voltage, is applied to the coil. Once the contacts of the switch contact are closed, the voltage is increased to ensure the required high contact force. A disadvantage of this procedure is that the switch-on time of the Low-voltage switching device is disadvantageously increased.
Die
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Niederspannungsschaltgerät mit verringertem Schaltgeräusch anzugeben, ohne die Einschaltgeschwindigkeit nachteilig zu beeinflussen.It is an object of the present invention to provide a low-voltage switching device with reduced switching noise without adversely affecting the turn-on speed.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch einen Aufsatzblock gemäß den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie ein Niederspannungsschaltgerät gemäß den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 12. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Patentansprüchen.This object is achieved by an attachment block according to the features of
Gemäß einem ersten Aspekt der Erfindung wird ein Aufsatzblock für ein Niederspannungsschaltgerät vorgeschlagen, wobei das Niederspannungsschaltgerät einen elektromagnetischen Antrieb mit einem feststehenden Joch und einem relativ zu dem Joch beweglichen Anker sowie einem Schaltkontakt, dessen Kontakte durch eine Bewegung des Ankers längs einer Achse schließbar und offenbar sind, umfasst. Der Aufsatzblock umfasst ein Mittel zur Bewegungsdämpfung, welches bei einem Schließvorgang des Schaltkontakts durch eine Bewegung des Ankers in Richtung des Jochs die Ankerbewegung presst, sobald eine Kontaktberührung der Kontakte des Schaltkontakts gegeben ist.According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided an attachment block for a low-voltage switchgear, the low-voltage switchgear comprising an electromagnetic drive having a fixed yoke and an armature movable relative to the yoke and a switch contact whose contacts are closable and apparent by movement of the armature along an axis , includes. The attachment block comprises a means for damping motion, which presses the armature movement in a closing operation of the switch contact by a movement of the armature in the direction of the yoke, as soon as a contact contact of the contacts of the switch contact is given.
Durch das Mittel zur Bewegungsdämpfung wird der Schließvorgang des elektromagnetischen Antriebs verzögert. Damit wird das Schaltgeräusch erheblich reduziert, ohne die Funktion des Niederspannungsschaltgeräts im Hinblick auf die Schaltgeschwindigkeit negativ zu beeinflussen.By the means for damping movement of the closing operation of the electromagnetic drive is delayed. Thus, the switching noise is significantly reduced without negatively affecting the function of the low-voltage switchgear in terms of switching speed.
Das Mittel zur Bewegungsdämpfung ist vorzugsweise in einem separat von dem Niederspannungsschaltgerät vorgesehenen Aufsatzblock angeordnet, so dass herkömmliche Niederspannungsschaltgeräte durch die Anbringung eines entsprechenden Aufsatzblocks im Hinblick auf die Geräuschentwicklung verbessert werden können. Wie aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung ersichtlich werden wird, kann durch die Ausgestaltung des Mittels zur Bewegungsdämpfung der Geräuschpegel eingestellt werden. Ferner ist die Beeinflussung des Frequenzspektrums des Schaltgeräusches möglich.The means for damping movement is preferably arranged in a separately provided from the low-voltage switchgear attachment block, so that conventional low-voltage switchgear can be improved by the attachment of a corresponding attachment block in terms of noise. As can be seen from the description below will be adjusted by the design of the means for damping motion of the noise level. Furthermore, influencing the frequency spectrum of the switching noise is possible.
Das Mittel zur Bewegungsdämpfung kann eine Dämpfungsplatte und eine Anzahl an Gegenlagern umfassen, wobei die Dämpfungsplatte an der Anzahl an Gegenlagern anliegt, sobald die Kontaktberührung der Kontakte gegeben ist. Die Dämpfungsplatte und die Anzahl an Gegenlager sind derart zueinander angeordnet, dass ein Anliegen der Dämpfungsplatte an der Anzahl an Gegenlagern erst erfolgt, wenn die Kontaktberührung der Kontakte des Schaltkontakts gegeben ist. Durch die Eigenschaften der Dämpfungsplatte während des weiteren Einschaltvorgangs ist sichergestellt, dass der Schließvorgang des elektrischen Antriebssystems zeitlich verzögert wird.The means for damping movement may comprise a damping plate and a number of abutments, wherein the damping plate abuts the number of abutments as soon as the contact contact of the contacts is given. The damping plate and the number of abutment are arranged to each other such that a concern of the damping plate on the number of thrust bearings takes place only when the contact contact of the contacts of the switch contact is given. Due to the properties of the damping plate during the further switch-on process, it is ensured that the closing operation of the electric drive system is delayed in time.
Die Dämpfungsplatte kann mit dem Anker mechanisch koppelbar sein oder gekoppelt sein. Hierdurch ist sichergestellt, dass die Dämpfungsplatte der Bewegung des Ankers in Richtung des Jochs folgt.The damping plate may be mechanically coupled or coupled to the armature. This ensures that the damping plate follows the movement of the armature in the direction of the yoke.
Die Dämpfungsplatte kann mit einem sich in Achsrichtung erstreckenden Schaft gekoppelt sein, der bei mit dem Niederspannungsschaltgerät mechanisch verbundenem Aufsatzblock mit einem Kontaktträger des Niederspannungsschaltgeräts mechanisch verbunden ist und der Bewegung des Ankers folgt. Der Schaft des Aufsatzblocks stellt damit eine Verlängerung eines ebenfalls in Schaftform vorliegenden Kontaktträgers des Niederspannungsschaltgeräts dar. Die mechanische Verbindung zwischen dem Schaft und dem Kontaktträger kann kraft- und/oder formschlüssig erfolgen. In der Praxis kann vorgesehen sein, durch eine Schnappverbindung die mechanische Verbindung zwischen diesen beiden Komponenten herzustellen.The damper plate may be coupled to an axially extending shank which is mechanically connected to a contact carrier of the low voltage switchgear when the attachment block is mechanically connected to the low voltage switchgear and follows the movement of the armature. The shaft of the attachment block thus represents an extension of a likewise present in the form of a shank contact carrier of the low-voltage switchgear. The mechanical connection between the shaft and the contact carrier can be non-positively and / or positively. In practice, it can be provided to produce the mechanical connection between these two components by means of a snap connection.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung kann die Dämpfungsplatte über eine Wegausgleichsfeder mit dem Schaft gekoppelt sein. Hierdurch kann sichergestellt werden, dass die Dämpfungsplatte immer dann an der Anzahl an Gegenlager anliegt, sobald die Kontaktberührung der Kontakte gegeben ist.In a further embodiment, the damping plate may be coupled via a Wegausgleichsfeder with the shaft. hereby can be ensured that the damping plate always rests on the number of thrust bearing as soon as the contact contact of the contacts is given.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist die Dämpfungsplatte ab der Kontaktberührung durch die Bewegung des Ankers und die Anlage an der Anzahl an ortsfesten Gegenlagern elastisch verformbar. Hierdurch wird die Geschwindigkeit durch die bewegliche Dämpfungsplatte im Aufsatzblock gebremst, bis der Anker und das Joch des elektrischen Antriebssystems aufeinander treffen. Durch die reduzierte Auftreffenergie bei gleicher bewegter Masse wird dann die Geräuschentwicklung des Niederspannungsschaltgeräts bzw. des elektromagnetischen Antriebs auf ein Minimum begrenzt.According to a further embodiment, the damping plate is elastically deformable from the contact contact by the movement of the armature and the system to the number of stationary counter bearings. As a result, the speed is braked by the movable damping plate in the attachment block until the armature and the yoke of the electric drive system meet. Due to the reduced impact energy with the same moving mass then the noise of the low-voltage switching device or the electromagnetic drive is limited to a minimum.
Die Dämpfungsplatte kann aus einem reversibel verformbaren, elastischen Kunststoff oder einem Metall bestehen. Ebenfalls kann die Anzahl an Gegenlagern aus einem Kunststoff oder einem Metall bestehen. Aus Gründen der Geräuschentwicklung ist es bevorzugt, wenn zumindest eine der beiden Komponenten aus einem Kunststoff besteht, um eine Geräuschentwicklung beim Aufeinandertreffen der beiden Komponenten zu vermeiden bzw. zu minimieren.The damping plate may consist of a reversibly deformable, elastic plastic or a metal. Likewise, the number of counter bearings can consist of a plastic or a metal. For reasons of noise, it is preferred if at least one of the two components consists of a plastic in order to avoid or minimize noise when the two components meet.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist eine Ebene, in der jeweilige Aufprallflächen der Anzahl an Gegenlagern angeordnet sind, in Achsrichtung variabel ausrichtbar. Die Ebene steht senkrecht zu der oben erwähnten Achse, längs der sich der bewegliche Anker auf das feststehende Joch zu bewegt. Durch diese Ausgestaltung ist eine weitere Reduzierung des Schaltgeräusches möglich, da die Elastizität der Dämpfungsplatte durch die Position der Anzahl an Gegenlagern einstellbar ist. Hierzu kann die Anzahl an Gegenlagern beispielsweise nach Art von Stellschrauben durch eine Verdrehung in axialer Richtung verstellt werden. Es versteht sich, dass die axiale Verstellung der Anzahl an Gegenlagern gleichförmig erfolgt, so dass deren Aufprallflächen immer in der gemeinsamen Ebene, die senkrecht zu der Bewegungsachse steht, liegen.In a further embodiment, a plane in which respective impact surfaces of the number of abutments are arranged can be variably aligned in the axial direction. The plane is perpendicular to the above-mentioned axis, along which the movable armature moves towards the fixed yoke. By this configuration, a further reduction of the switching noise is possible because the elasticity of the damping plate is adjustable by the position of the number of thrust bearings. For this purpose, the number of thrust bearings can be adjusted, for example in the manner of adjusting screws by a rotation in the axial direction. It is understood that the axial adjustment of the number of abutments is uniform, so that their impact surfaces are always in the common plane, which is perpendicular to the axis of motion, lie.
Die axiale Verschiebung ermöglicht somit die Beeinflussung der Biegeelastizität der Dämpfungsplatte. Dadurch kann der Geräuschpegel und das Frequenzspektrum des Schaltgeräusches beeinflusst werden. Diese beeinflussen maßgeblich das Schaltempfinden von Personen in der Umgebung der Niederspannungsschaltgeräte.The axial displacement thus allows influencing the bending elasticity of the damping plate. As a result, the noise level and the frequency spectrum of the switching noise can be influenced. These significantly influence the switching sensation of people in the vicinity of the low-voltage switchgear.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung kann das Mittel zur Bewegungsdämpfung eine Feder umfassen, wobei die Feder erst entgegen ihrer Federkraft belastet wird, sobald die Kontaktberührung der Kontakte gegeben ist. Die Feder kann alternativ oder zusätzlich zu der oben beschriebenen Dämpfungsplatte und der Anzahl an Gegenlagern in dem Aufsatzblock vorgesehen sein. Die Feder ist derart in dem Aufsatzblock angeordnet, dass diese vor einer Kontaktberührung der Kontakte mit keiner Gegenkraft beaufschlagt ist. Dadurch kann eine maximale Dämpfung des Schließvorgangs des elektrischen Antriebssystems erzielt werden.In a further embodiment, the means for damping movement comprise a spring, wherein the spring is first loaded against its spring force, as soon as the contact contact of the contacts is given. The spring may be provided alternatively or in addition to the damping plate described above and the number of abutments in the attachment block. The spring is arranged in the attachment block in such a way that it is not subjected to any counterforce before the contacts are in contact. Thereby, a maximum damping of the closing operation of the electric drive system can be achieved.
Die Feder kann in dem sich in der Achsrichtung erstreckenden Schaft oder um den Schaft herum angeordnet sein, der bei mit dem Niederspannungsschaltgerät mechanisch verbundenen Aufsatzblock mit einem Kontaktträger des Niederspannungsschaltgeräts mechanisch verbunden ist und der Bewegung des Ankers folgt. Beispielsweise kann sich die Feder, wenn diese um den Schaft herum angeordnet ist, an einer an das Niederspannungsschaltgerät angrenzenden Gehäusewand abstützen.The spring may be disposed in the shaft extending in the axial direction or about the shaft, which is mechanically connected to a contact carrier of the low-voltage switchgear in an attachment block mechanically connected to the low-voltage switchgear and follows the movement of the armature. For example, the spring, when it is arranged around the shaft, can be supported on a housing wall adjoining the low-voltage switching device.
Gemäß einem zweiten Aspekt wird ein Niederspannungsschaltgerät vorgeschlagen, das ein Grundgerät mit einem elektromagnetischen Antrieb mit einem feststehenden Joch und einem relativ zu dem Joch beweglichen Anker sowie einen Schaltkontakt, dessen Kontakte durch eine Bewegung des Ankers längs einer Achse schließbar und offenbar sind, sowie einen Aufsatzblock gemäß der oben beschriebenen Art umfasst.According to a second aspect, a low-voltage switching device is proposed, which comprises a base unit with an electromagnetic drive with a fixed yoke and an armature movable relative to the yoke, and a switching contact whose contacts are moved by a movement of the armature along a Axis are closable and obvious, as well as comprising a tower block according to the manner described above.
Der Aufsatzblock und das Grundgerät können zwei von einander trennbare Bauteile sein.The attachment block and the base unit can be two separable components.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend näher anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels in der Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Querschnittsdarstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Niederspannungsschaltgeräts, dessen Schaltkontakt geöffnet ist ("Stellung aus"),
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische Darstellung des Niederspannungsschaltgeräts aus
Fig. 1 , in dem nach Anlegen einer Steuerspeisespannung eine Kontaktberührung der Kontakte des Schaltkontakts gegeben ist, - Fig. 3
- eine schematische Querschnittsdarstellung des Niederspannungsschaltgeräts aus
Fig. 1 , bei dem der Schaltkontakt durch den elektromagnetischen Antrieb geschlossen ist ("Stellung ein"), und - Fig. 4
- ein Geschwindigkeit-Weg-Diagramm, das die Reduzierung der Auftreffgeschwindigkeit des elektromagnetischen Antriebs im Vergleich zu einem herkömmlichen Antrieb beim Einschalten verdeutlicht.
- Fig. 1
- a schematic cross-sectional view of a low-voltage switching device according to the invention, the switching contact is open ("off position"),
- Fig. 2
- a schematic representation of the low-voltage switchgear
Fig. 1 in which contact contact of the contacts of the switching contact is given after application of a control supply voltage, - Fig. 3
- a schematic cross-sectional view of the low-voltage switchgear
Fig. 1 in which the switching contact is closed by the electromagnetic drive ("position on"), and - Fig. 4
- a speed-distance diagram illustrating the reduction of the impact velocity of the electromagnetic drive compared to a conventional drive at power-up.
Die
In einer dem Fachmann bekannten Weise umfasst das Grundgerät 10 einen elektromagnetischen Antrieb 11. Der elektromagnetische Antrieb 11 besteht aus einem feststehenden Joch 12 mit einer Spule 13 und einem relativ zu dem Joch 12 beweglichen Anker 14. Der Anker 14 ist längs einer Achse (sog. Bewegungsachse) bewegbar, die in der Zeichnungsebene senkrecht von oben nach unten verläuft.In a manner known to those skilled in the
Das Grundgerät 10 umfasst weiter einen Schaltkontakt 15, der durch eine Bewegung des Ankers 14 zwischen einer Position "offen" und einer Position "geschlossen" geschaltet werden kann. Der Schaltkontakt 15 umfasst ein erstes und ein zweites Festschaltstück 16, 18 sowie ein bewegliches Schaltstück 20. Das erste und das zweite Festschaltstück 16, 18 und das bewegliche Schaltstück 20 erstrecken sich in Ebenen senkrecht zur Bewegungsachse des Ankers. Das bewegliche Schaltstück 20 und der Anker 14 sind an einem schaftförmigen Kontaktträger 23 angeordnet, der sich in Richtung der Bewegungsachse des Ankers 14 erstreckt. Die Festschaltstücke 16, 18 und das bewegliche Schaltstück 20 weisen Kontaktflächen 17, 19, 21, 22 auf, wobei bei einer Kontaktberührung der Kontaktflächen 17, 21 und der Kontaktflächen 19, 22 ein Strom von dem ersten Festschaltstück 16 über das bewegliche Schaltstück 20 und das zweite Festschaltstück 18 fließen kann. Ein Stromfluss ist möglich, sobald eine Kontaktberührung der Kontaktflächen 17, 19, 21, 22 gegeben ist.The
Eine Feder 24, die sich an einem bezüglich des Kontaktträgers 23 ortsfesten Widerlager abstützt, drückt das bewegliche Schaltstück 20, wenn der Schaltkontakt 15 geschlossen ist, gegen die Festschaltstücke 16, 18.A
Der Aufsatzblock 30, der in den
Mit dem Schaft 31 ist eine Dämpfungsplatte 33 mechanisch gekoppelt. Die Dämpfungsplatte 33 kann fest mit dem Schaft 31 verbunden sein. Die Dämpfungsplatte kann auch, wie dies in den
Die Dämpfungsplatte 33 bildet zusammen mit einer Anzahl an Gegenlagern 35, 38 ein Mittel 32 zur Bewegungsdämpfung aus. Die Dämpfungsplatte 33 ist aus einem elastischen, reversibel verformbaren Kunststoff oder Metall gebildet. Ebenso bestehen die Gegenlager 35, 38, insbesondere deren Aufprallflächen 35, 39 aus einem elastischen Kunststoff oder einem Metall. Ist der Schaltkontakt 15 in der Stellung "offen" (
In der zeichnerischen Darstellung der
Zusätzlich oder auch alternativ zu dem aus der Dämpfungsplatte 33 und den Gegenlagern 35, 38 bestehendem Mittel 32 zur Bewegungsdämpfung kann in dem Aufsatzblock eine Feder 34 vorgesehen sein, welche sich an einem Widerlager 45 abstützt. Das Wederlager 45 kann beispielsweise durch eine an das Grundgerät 10 angrenzende Gehäusewand des Aufsatzblocks 30 gebildet sein.In addition or alternatively to the consisting of the damping
Durch das oder die Mittel 32 zur Bewegungsdämpfung wird bei einem Schießvorgang des Schaltkontakts 15 durch eine Bewegung des Ankers 14 in Richtung des Jochs 12 durch Erregung der Spule 13 die Ankerbewegung gebremst, sobald eine Kontaktberührung der Kontaktflächen 17, 19, 21, 22 des Schaltkontakts 15 gegeben ist. Durch die Elastizität des oder der Mittel 32 zur Bewegungsdämpfung wird damit der Schießvorgang des elektromagnetischen Antriebs 11 verzögert.By means of the movement damping means or means 32, the armature movement is braked by a movement of the
Das Schaltgeräusch kann erheblich reduziert werden, ohne dass dadurch die Schaltgeschwindigkeit des Niederspannungsschaltgeräts 1 in nachteiliger Weise beeinflusst wird. Der Grund hierfür besteht darin, dass bis zur Kontaktberührung der Kontaktflächen 17, 19, 21, 22 eine Bewegung des Ankers 14 in Richtung des Jochs durch das oder die Mittel 32 zur Bewegungsdämpfung nicht beeinflusst wird. Erst mit der Kontaktberührung werden das oder die Mittel 32 zur Bewegungsdämpfung aktiv und reduzieren die Geschwindigkeit des Ankers 14 in Richtung des Jochs 12. Dies wird ohne weiteres durch die schematischen Darstellungen der
In
Die Kontaktträgerfeder 24 ist in diesem Moment noch nicht komprimiert. Demgegenüber sorgt die Wegausgleichsfeder 42 dafür, dass die Dämpfungsplatte 33 an den Aufprallflächen 36, 39 der Gegenlager 35, 38 aufliegt, ohne dabei jedoch eine signifikante Kraft zu erzeugen. In der schematischen Darstellung der
Ab der Kontaktberührung wird die Geschwindigkeit des Gesamtsystems bestehend aus dem Schaft 31 dem Kontaktträger 23 und dem Anker 14, durch die bewegliche und elastische Dämpfungsplatte 33 und/oder durch die Feder 24 im Aufsatzblock 30 gebremst, bis der Anker 14 und das Joch 12 aufeinander treffen. Durch die reduzierte Auftreffenergie bei gleicher bewegter Masse wird die Geräuschentwicklung auf ein Minimum begrenzt. In dieser Situation ist in
Aus
Die elastische Dämpfungsplatte 33 ist hinsichtlich ihres E-Moduls an die herrschenden Kräfte in dem Grundgerät 10 abgestimmt. Dies betrifft die Länge, Dicke und das Material des Dämpfungselements 33. Dies ermöglicht ein für die Geräuschentwicklung optimiertes, sanftes Einschalten.The elastic damping
Die genaue Ausgestaltung des Dämpfungselements 33 und/oder der Federkraft der als Bremse wirkenden Feder 34 kann durch Simulationen und/oder Versuche ausfindig gemacht werden. Die Ausgestaltung hängt im Wesentlichen von der Art und/oder der Ausgestaltung des elektromagnetischen Antriebs 11 ab.The exact configuration of the damping
Die Biegespannung des Dämpfungselements 33 muss um einen Sicherheitsfaktor kleiner als die Biegegrenze des gewählten Materials des Dämpfungselements 33 sein. Nach dem Schaltvorgang muss sich das Material wieder in seinen Ausgangszustand zurückformen. Da das E-Modul des Dämpfungselements 33 temperaturabhängig ist und mit steigender Temperatur kleiner wird (das Material wird somit elastischer), ist dies bei der Auslegung des Materials und der Dimensionierung zu berücksichtigen.The bending stress of the damping
Durch die axiale Einstellbarkeit der Gegenlager 35, 38 kann durch die Einstellung des Abstands zwischen den Aufprallflächen 36, 39 und dem Dämpfungselement 33 im ausgeschalteten Zustand gemäß
Die Position A entspricht der Stellung "offen", wie diese in
Durch den wie oben beschriebenen Aufsatzblock und die darin enthaltenen Mittel zur Bewegungsdämpfung erfährt das Niederspannungsschaltgerät eine höhere mechanische Vorspannung, welche sich beim Ausschalten durch eine höhere Ausschaltgeschwindigkeit gegenüber einem herkömmlichen Niederspannungsschaltgerät bemerkbar macht. Um diese höhere Ausschaltgeschwindigkeit zu verhindern oder zu bremsen, kann ein Begrenzerbaustein, der ein Freilaufdiodensystem umfasst, um eine Gegeninduktivität aufzufangen, vorgesehen sein. Dadurch ist es möglich, auch das Ausschaltgeräusch durch den Ausschaltanschlag auf ein Minimum zu reduzieren.By the above-described attachment block and the means for damping motion contained therein, the low-voltage switching device undergoes a higher mechanical bias, which is noticeable when switching off by a higher turn-off compared to a conventional low-voltage switchgear. In order to prevent or brake this higher turn-off speed, a limiter device comprising a freewheeling diode system to capture a mutual inductance may be provided. This makes it possible to reduce the turn-off noise by the Ausschaltanschlag to a minimum.
Claims (9)
- Attachment block for a low-voltage switching device (1), wherein the low-voltage switching device (1) comprises an electromagnetic drive (11) with a fixed yoke (12) and an armature (14) that is movable in relation to the yoke (12) and also a switching contact (15), the contacts of which can be closed and opened by the movement of the armature (40) along an axis, wherein the attachment block (30), which is provided separately from the low-voltage switching device (1), comprises a means (32) for damping movement, which during a closing operation of the switching contact (15) by movement of the armature (14) in the direction of the yoke (12) slows down the movement of the armature as soon as there is contact between the contacts of the switching contact (15), characterized in that the means (32) for damping movement comprises a damping plate (33) and a number of counter bearings (35, 38), wherein the damping plate (33) abuts against the number of counter bearings (35, 38) as soon as there is contact between the contacts, wherein the damping plate (33) can be mechanically coupled or is mechanically coupled with the armature (14) and wherein the damping plate (33) is coupled with a shaft (31), which extends in the axial direction, with the attachment block (30) mechanically connected to the low-voltage switching device (1) is mechanically connected to a contact carrier (23) of the low-voltage switching device (1) and follows the movement of the armature (14).
- Attachment block according to Claim 1, in which the damping plate (32) is coupled with the shaft (31) by way of a displacement compensating spring (38).
- Attachment block according to Claim 1 or 2, in which the damping plate (32) is elastically deformable from when there is contact as a result of the movement of the armature (14) and the abutment with the number of fixed counter bearings (35, 38).
- Attachment block according to one of Claims 1 to 3, in which the damping plate (32) and/or the number of counter bearings (35, 38) consist of a reversibly deformable, elastic plastic or metal.
- Attachment block according to one of Claims 1 to 4, in which a plane in which respective impact areas (36, 38) of the number of counter bearings (35, 38) are arranged can be variably aligned in the axial direction.
- Attachment block according to one of the preceding claims, in which the means (32) for damping movement comprises a spring (34), wherein the spring (34) is only loaded counter to its spring force once there is contact between the contacts.
- Attachment block according to Claim 6, in which the spring (34) is arranged in the shaft (31) extending in the axial direction or around the shaft (31), which with the attachment block mechanically connected to the low-voltage switching device (1) is mechanically connected to a contact carrier (23) of the low-voltage switching device (1) and follows the movement of the armature (14).
- Attachment block according to Claim 7, in which the spring (34) is supported on a housing wall adjacent to the low-voltage device (1).
- Low-voltage device (1), comprising- a basic unit (10) with an electromagnetic drive (11) with a fixed yoke (12) and an armature (14) that is movable in relation to the yoke (12) and also a switching contact (15), the contacts of which can be closed and opened by a movement of the armature (14) along an axis, and- an attachment block (30) according to one of the preceding claims.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP14162038.5A EP2924701B1 (en) | 2014-03-27 | 2014-03-27 | Attachment block for a low voltage switching device |
CN201520123740.4U CN204596718U (en) | 2014-03-27 | 2015-03-03 | For top cover block and the low voltage switching devices of low voltage switching devices |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP14162038.5A EP2924701B1 (en) | 2014-03-27 | 2014-03-27 | Attachment block for a low voltage switching device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2924701A1 EP2924701A1 (en) | 2015-09-30 |
EP2924701B1 true EP2924701B1 (en) | 2016-10-19 |
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CN111584258A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2020-08-25 | 北海市深蓝科技发展有限责任公司 | Vibration reduction contact structure with damping block for inhibiting contact attraction impact force |
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JPH07182961A (en) * | 1993-12-22 | 1995-07-21 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Iron core holding structure for electromagnetic contactor |
JP2007087882A (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2007-04-05 | Denso Corp | Electromagnetic switch |
DE102011081013A1 (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2013-02-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Relay e.g. pure engaging relay, for thrust-screw-drive starter to turn on internal combustion engine of motor car, has damping element cooperating with magnets and arranged in region of drive bearing of relay between housing and anchor unit |
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