EP2921626B2 - Door closer - Google Patents

Door closer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2921626B2
EP2921626B2 EP14160683.0A EP14160683A EP2921626B2 EP 2921626 B2 EP2921626 B2 EP 2921626B2 EP 14160683 A EP14160683 A EP 14160683A EP 2921626 B2 EP2921626 B2 EP 2921626B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
closer
piston
housing
shaft
door
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14160683.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2921626A1 (en
EP2921626B1 (en
Inventor
Singer Lothar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gretsch Unitas GmbH Baubeschlaege
Original Assignee
Gretsch Unitas GmbH Baubeschlaege
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Application filed by Gretsch Unitas GmbH Baubeschlaege filed Critical Gretsch Unitas GmbH Baubeschlaege
Priority to EP14160683.0A priority Critical patent/EP2921626B2/en
Priority to PL14160683.0T priority patent/PL2921626T5/en
Publication of EP2921626A1 publication Critical patent/EP2921626A1/en
Publication of EP2921626B1 publication Critical patent/EP2921626B1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
    • E05F3/04—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes
    • E05F3/10—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes with a spring, other than a torsion spring, and a piston, the axes of which are the same or lie in the same direction
    • E05F3/104—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes with a spring, other than a torsion spring, and a piston, the axes of which are the same or lie in the same direction with cam-and-slide transmission between driving shaft and piston within the closer housing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2600/00—Mounting or coupling arrangements for elements provided for in this subclass
    • E05Y2600/10—Adjustable
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2600/00—Mounting or coupling arrangements for elements provided for in this subclass
    • E05Y2600/10—Adjustable
    • E05Y2600/30—Adjustment motion
    • E05Y2600/32—Rotary motion
    • E05Y2600/322—Rotary motion around a horizontal axis
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
    • E05Y2800/40—Physical or chemical protection
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2800/00—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations not otherwise provided for
    • E05Y2800/40—Physical or chemical protection
    • E05Y2800/409—Physical or chemical protection against faulty mounting or coupling

Definitions

  • Door closers of the above type are used, for example, as overhead door closers.
  • a generic overhead door closer is in DE 102004 041 358 A1 disclosed.
  • a closer shaft transmits the closing force generated by a closer spring to the door leaf to be closed.
  • the closing force is at Opening the door wing, which then closes automatically.
  • a closer piston is arranged inside a door closer housing, which moves along a housing axis of the door closer housing when the door leaf is opened and closed.
  • the closer piston is supported on a lifting cam disk of the closer shaft via a bearing roller that can be rotated about a roller axis of rotation.
  • the bearing roller lies against a control surface of the lifting cam disk with a bearing surface that extends parallel to the roller axis of rotation.
  • the control surface of the lifting cam disk runs parallel to a shaft rotation axis about which the closer shaft provided with the lifting cam disk can be rotated.
  • the lifting cam disk on the closer shaft is subjected to the closing force by the closer spring via the closer piston and the bearing roller provided between the closer piston and the lifting cam disk.
  • the closer shaft carries out a rotary movement, which is converted into a closing movement of the door leaf, for example via a linkage.
  • the lifting cam disc attached to the closer shaft drives the bearing roller acting on it and, via this, the closer piston against the effect of a restoring force exerted by the closer spring along the housing axis of the door closer housing.
  • the door closer efficiency is also impaired because: If the lifting cam disk and/or the bearing roller is misaligned, a tilting moment acts on the closer piston during the force transmission between the lifting cam disk and the bearing roller, due to which the friction increases, which occurs during the movements of the closer piston along the housing axis between the closer piston and the inner wall leading it of the door closer housing occurs.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy the described disadvantages of the prior art.
  • An optimal power transmission between the lifting cam disc provided on the closer shaft and the bearing roller on the closer piston side results when the control surface of the lifting cam disc, which is curved about the shaft rotation axis, and the bearing surface of the bearing roller, which is curved about the roller rotation axis, are in mutual line contact with one another in a support plane running along the shaft and roller rotation axes issue.
  • Mutual line contact between the control surface on the lifting cam disk and the bearing surface on the bearing roller occurs when both the shaft axis of rotation running parallel to the control surface of the lifting cam disk and the roller axis of rotation parallel to the bearing surface of the bearing roller run parallel to one another.
  • the surfaces on the lifting cam disk and the bearing roller that roll on one another when the door closer is actuated are subject to minimal wear at best. If the force transmitted between the lifting cam disk and the bearing roller is effective in a longitudinal center plane of the door closer that runs perpendicular to the support plane, the automatic mutual alignment of the control surface of the lifting cam disk and the bearing surface of the bearing roller causes an offset in the location of the force transmission between the lifting cam disk and the bearing roller compared to a mutual point contact at least reduced compared to the longitudinal center plane of the door closer.
  • the door closer according to the invention Due to the mentioned effects of the line contact between the lifting cam disk and the bearing roller, the door closer according to the invention has a particularly high level of efficiency.
  • the effort required to open the relevant door leaf is comparatively low.
  • the door closer components that generate the closing force and also the ones that transmit the closing force can be relatively small.
  • the use of materials in the production of the door closer according to the invention is relatively low and the manufacturing costs are relatively low.
  • the closer shaft can be mounted on the door closer housing in such a way that tilting movements of the closer shaft relative to the door closer housing are excluded, the tilting mobility required for the automatic mutual alignment of the lifting cam disk and the bearing roller is provided on the bearing roller side.
  • the bearing roller is supported on the closer piston essentially without play in the direction of the tilting mobility of the bearing surface of the bearing roller and the closer piston is tiltable relative to the door closer housing.
  • Such tilting mobility of the closer piston does not exist on conventional door closers, on which the closer piston is guided linearly via a fit on the door closer housing during movements along the housing axis.
  • the tilting mobility of the closer piston relative to the door closer housing is made possible by the fact that the closer piston has a non-uniform outer diameter along the housing axis.
  • the closer piston according to the invention has at least one piston section of smaller diameter, on which the closer piston is spaced from an inner housing wall of the door closer housing running along the housing axis, and at least one piston section of larger diameter, on which the closer piston is movable along the housing axis on the inner housing wall of the door closer housing is guided.
  • the smaller diameter piston section enables the desired tilting movement of the closer piston relative to the door closer housing due to the play existing between this piston section and the inner wall of the door closer housing.
  • the larger diameter piston section ensures effective guidance of the closer piston during movements along the housing axis. Only the radially expanded section of the closer piston is in contact with the inner wall of the door closer housing. Only this piston section must therefore have good sliding properties. Good sliding properties are dispensable for the piston section(s) with a reduced diameter. In the case of steel closing pistons, for example, there is no need to grind and harden the diameter-reduced closing piston sections.
  • the non-uniform outside diameter of the closing piston is realized in a preferred embodiment of the invention by grading the piston outside diameter.
  • a smaller diameter piston section is only to be provided on the side of the larger diameter piston section facing the bearing roller or on both sides of the larger diameter piston section so that the closer piston can carry out a tilting movement if necessary.
  • the closer piston is made up of several parts.
  • a piston base body forms the smaller diameter piston section, and a radial piston extension attached to the piston base body forms the larger diameter piston section.
  • a piston ring attached to the piston base body is provided as a radial piston extension.
  • Such piston rings are commercially available and can be connected to the piston base body in a simple manner in terms of production technology, for example inserted into a circumferential groove in the piston base body.
  • the multi-part nature of the closer piston offers the advantage that the nature of each of the piston parts can be tailored to the specific requirements.
  • patent claim 4 provides that the piston section of the larger diameter of the closing piston consists of a friction-reducing material on the side facing the inner wall of the housing.
  • a material can be selected for the piston base body that does not have any special sliding properties, but is, for example, particularly suitable for absorbing the forces acting between the closer piston and the closer shaft.
  • Claim 5 relates to a particularly practical design of the door closer according to the invention.
  • a closing spring is provided as the closing force generator and, accordingly, a spring piston is provided as the closing piston.
  • a door closer 1 comprises a closer shaft 2 with a lifting cam disk 3 formed thereon, a closer piston 4 with a bearing roller 5 rotatably mounted thereon, a closer spring 6 and an in Figure 3 Door closer housing 7 indicated by dashed lines.
  • the closer shaft 2 is rotatable about a shaft rotation axis 8 and is otherwise mounted on the door closer housing 7 without play.
  • the lifting cam disk 3 on the closer shaft 2 has a control surface 9 which extends parallel to the shaft rotation axis 8.
  • the bearing roller 5 can be rotated on the closing piston 4 about a roller axis of rotation 10 and forms a bearing surface 11 on its circumference. Otherwise, the connection between the bearing roller 5 and the closing piston 4 is free of play.
  • the closer piston 4 is arranged inside the door closer housing 7 along a housing axis 12 laterally next to the closer shaft 2 and is displaceable along the housing axis 12.
  • the closer piston 4 is pushed by the closer spring 6, which serves as a closing force generator, in the direction of the lifting cam disk 3 of the closer shaft 2 (arrow 13 in Figure 3 ) applied to force.
  • the outer diameter of the closing piston 4 is graduated along the housing axis 12.
  • Piston sections 15, 16 of smaller diameter are provided on both sides of a larger diameter piston section 14.
  • the larger diameter piston section 14 is formed by means of a piston ring 17 designed as a sliding ring, which is inserted into a circumferential groove 18 on a piston base body 19 of the closing piston 4.
  • the closer piston 4 in the example shown has an outer diameter of 34 mm corresponding to the inner diameter of the hollow cylindrical door closer housing 7.
  • the piston sections 15, 16 on both sides of the piston ring 17, which have a reduced diameter compared to the piston section 14, have a diameter of 33.7 mm and 33.5 mm. Accordingly, the closer piston 4 is only in contact with the inner wall of the door closer housing 7 at the piston section 14.
  • the door closer 1 is mounted in the usual manner on a door leaf, not shown, and is connected to a fixed door frame on the closer shaft 2 via a linkage of a conventional design, also not shown.
  • the Figures 1 to 4 show the conditions on the door closer 1 with the door closed.
  • the closer shaft 2 which is connected to the fixed door frame via the linkage, performs a rotary movement in an opening direction 20 together with the lifting cam disk 3 formed on it ( Figure 3 ).
  • the control surface 9 of the lifting cam disk 3 and the bearing surface 11 of the bearing roller 5 roll on one another and the closer piston 4 inside the door closer housing shifts along the housing axis 12 against the effect of the closer spring 6 acting on it Figure 3 To the right.
  • the closer spring 6 is biased due to the movement of the closer piston 4.
  • the closer spring 6 can relax. As a result of the application of force by the closer spring 6, the closer piston 4 moves along the housing axis 12 back into the position according to Figure 3 .
  • the closing force exerted by the closer spring 6 in the direction of arrow 13 is transferred via the bearing roller 5, which is rotatably mounted on the closer piston 4, into the lifting cam disk 3 of the closer shaft 2 and thereby causes a closing rotational movement of the lifting cam disk 3 and the closer shaft 2 in the opposite direction to the opening direction 20
  • the closing rotational movement of the closer shaft 2 is converted into a closing movement of the door leaf provided with the door closer 1 via the linkage between the closer shaft 2 and the fixed door frame. Due to the geometry of the lifting cam disk 3 or the control surface 9 provided on it, the force to be applied to open the door leaf and the force exerted on it when closing the door leaf vary in the desired manner over the opening angle of the door leaf.
  • a line contact of the bearing surface 11 on the bearing roller 5 and the control surface 9 on the lifting cam disk 3 occurs when the bearing surface 11 of the bearing roller 5 is parallel to the roller axis of rotation 10 and the control surface 9 of the lifting cam disk 3 is parallel to the shaft axis of rotation 8 and also the roller axis of rotation 10 and the shaft axis of rotation 8 are parallel to one another.
  • the actual conditions on the door closer 1 can deviate from such optimal conditions, for example as a result of manufacturing and/or assembly tolerances. What is particularly conceivable is an undesirable inclination of the closer shaft 2, as shown in Figure 4 is heavily exaggerated. If in this case the closer piston 4 had a uniform outer diameter and the closer piston 4 were consequently guided over its entire length on the inner wall of the door closer housing 7 along the housing axis 12, this would result in an in Figure 4 Point contact, indicated by dashed lines, of the bearing surface 11 on the bearing roller side and the control surface 9 on the closer shaft side. When opening and closing the door leaf, the lifting cam disk 3 and the bearing roller 5 would roll towards one another along a line of contact.
  • the lifting cam disk 3 and the bearing roller 5 would be subject to extremely strong wear when the door closer 1 is in operation.
  • the service life of the lifting cam disk 3 and the bearing roller 5 would be greatly reduced due to wear compared to the optimal conditions, and the efficiency of the door closer 1 would deteriorate due to wear.
  • a deterioration in the efficiency of the door closer 1 would also result from the fact that the point of mutual support of the lifting cam disk 3 and the bearing roller 5 is relative to an in Figure 4
  • the longitudinal center plane 22 of the door closer 1 also indicated by dashed lines, would be relatively far offset.
  • the longitudinal center plane 22 of the door closer 1 runs in Figure 2 perpendicular to the drawing plane along the housing axis 12.
  • the closer piston 4 can be positioned relative to the inner wall of the door closer housing 7 perform a pivoting movement, in which the piston ring 17 forms a pivot bearing for the closer piston 4 with the inner wall of the door closer housing 7.
  • the bearing surface 11 of the bearing roller 5, which is rotatably mounted on the closing piston 4 can adapt its orientation in the support plane 21 to the orientation of the control surface 9 of the lifting cam disk 3. Regardless of the inclination of the closer shaft 2, there is therefore line contact in the support plane 21 between the bearing surface 11 of the bearing roller 5 and the control surface 9 of the lifting cam disk 3.
  • the wear that occurs on the bearing surface and the control surface 9 during operation of the door closer 1 is minimized
  • the tilting moment acting on the closer piston 4 is compared to the conditions at in Figure 4 Alignment of the bearing roller 5 indicated by dashed lines is significantly reduced.
  • the closer piston 4 When moving along the housing axis 12, the closer piston 4 is exclusively on the piston ring 17 with the inner wall of the door closer housing 7 in contact. As a result of the good sliding properties of the piston ring 17, the movements carried out by the closer piston 4 against the action of the closer spring 6 and also the movements along the housing axis 12 carried out by the closer piston 4 due to the action by the closer spring 6 only involve a small amount of friction.

Landscapes

  • Closing And Opening Devices For Wings, And Checks For Wings (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Türschließer

  • mit einem Türschließergehäuse,
  • mit einer Schließerwelle, die an dem Türschließergehäuse um eine Wellendrehachse drehbar gelagert ist und die im Innern des Türschließergehäuses mit einer Hubkurvenscheibe versehen ist, die ihrerseits eine sich längs der Wellendrehachse der Schließerwelle erstreckende Steuerfläche aufweist,
  • mit einem Schließerkolben, der in dem Türschließergehäuse längs einer Gehäuseachse, die in Querrichtung der Wellendrehachse der Schließerwelle verläuft, beweglich geführt ist und der längs der Gehäuseachse an einer Seite der Schließerwelle angeordnet ist,
  • mit einem Schließkrafterzeuger, welcher den Schließerkolben längs der Gehäuseachse in Richtung auf die Schließerwelle kraftbeaufschlagt sowie
  • mit einer Lagerrolle, die zwischen dem Schließerkolben und der Schließerwelle angeordnet ist und die um eine längs der Wellendrehachse verlaufende Rollendrehachse drehbar ist und eine sich längs der Rollendrehachse erstreckende Lagerfläche aufweist, wobei der von dem Schließkrafterzeuger in Richtung auf die Schließerwelle kraftbeaufschlagte Schließerkolben in einer Abstützungsebene, die sich längs der Gehäuseachse und längs der Wellendrehachse und der Rollendrehachse erstreckt, über die Lagerfläche der Lagerrolle an der Steuerfläche der an der Schließerwelle vorgesehenen Hubkurvenscheibe abgestützt ist.
The invention relates to a door closer
  • with a door closer housing,
  • with a closer shaft which is rotatably mounted on the door closer housing about a shaft rotation axis and which is provided inside the door closer housing with a lifting cam disk, which in turn has a control surface extending along the shaft rotation axis of the closer shaft,
  • with a closer piston which is movably guided in the door closer housing along a housing axis which runs in the transverse direction of the shaft rotation axis of the closer shaft and which is arranged along the housing axis on one side of the closer shaft,
  • with a closing force generator, which applies force to the closer piston along the housing axis in the direction of the closer shaft and
  • with a bearing roller which is arranged between the closer piston and the closer shaft and which is rotatable about a roller axis of rotation running along the axis of rotation of the shaft and has a bearing surface extending along the axis of rotation of the roller, the closer piston which is acted upon by the closing force generator in the direction of the closer shaft in a support plane, which extends along the housing axis and along the shaft rotation axis and the roller rotation axis, is supported via the bearing surface of the bearing roller on the control surface of the lifting cam disk provided on the closer shaft.

Türschließer der vorstehenden Art sind beispielsweise als Obentürschließer gebräuchlich. Ein gattungsgemäßer Obentürschließer ist in DE 102004 041 358 A1 offenbart.Door closers of the above type are used, for example, as overhead door closers. A generic overhead door closer is in DE 102004 041 358 A1 disclosed.

Zum selbsttätigen Schließen eines mit dem vorbekannten Türschließer ausgerüsteten Türflügels überträgt eine Schließerwelle die von einer Schließerfeder generierte Schließkraft auf den zu schließenden Türflügel. Die Schließkraft wird beim Öffnen des sich danach selbsttätig schließenden Türflügels aufgebaut. Im Kraftfluss zwischen der Schließerfeder und der Schließerwelle ist im Innern eines Türschließergehäuses ein Schließerkolben angeordnet, der sich beim Öffnen und Schließen des Türflügels längs einer Gehäuseachse des Türschließergehäuses bewegt. Über eine um eine Rollendrehachse drehbare Lagerrolle ist der Schließerkolben an einer Hubkurvenscheibe der Schließerwelle abgestützt. Dabei liegt die Lagerrolle mit einer sich parallel zu der Rollendrehachse erstreckenden Lagerfläche an einer Steuerfläche der Hubkurvenscheibe an. Die Steuerfläche der Hubkurvenscheibe verläuft parallel zu einer Wellendrehachse, um welche die mit der Hubkurvenscheibe versehene Schließerwelle drehbar ist. Zum selbsttätigen Schließen des Türflügels wird die Hubkurvenscheibe an der Schließerwelle von der Schließerfeder über den Schließerkolben und die zwischen dem Schließerkolben und der Hubkurvenscheibe vorgesehene Lagerrolle mit der Schließkraft beaufschlagt. In Folge der Kraftbeaufschlagung der Hubkurvenscheibe führt die Schließerwelle eine Drehbewegung aus, die beispielsweise über ein Gestänge in eine Schließbewegung des Türflügels umgesetzt wird. Aufgrund einer mit dem Öffnen des Türflügels verbundenen Drehung der Schließerwelle treibt die an der Schließerwelle angebrachte Hubkurvenscheibe die sie beaufschlagende Lagerrolle und über diese den Schließerkolben gegen die Wirkung einer von der Schließerfeder ausgeübten Rückstellkraft längs der Gehäuseachse des Türschließergehäuses an. Sowohl beim Schließen als auch beim Öffnen des Türflügels rollen die Steuerfläche an der Hubkurvenscheibe und die Lagerfläche an der Lagerrolle aufeinander ab.To automatically close a door leaf equipped with the known door closer, a closer shaft transmits the closing force generated by a closer spring to the door leaf to be closed. The closing force is at Opening the door wing, which then closes automatically. In the flow of force between the closer spring and the closer shaft, a closer piston is arranged inside a door closer housing, which moves along a housing axis of the door closer housing when the door leaf is opened and closed. The closer piston is supported on a lifting cam disk of the closer shaft via a bearing roller that can be rotated about a roller axis of rotation. The bearing roller lies against a control surface of the lifting cam disk with a bearing surface that extends parallel to the roller axis of rotation. The control surface of the lifting cam disk runs parallel to a shaft rotation axis about which the closer shaft provided with the lifting cam disk can be rotated. To automatically close the door leaf, the lifting cam disk on the closer shaft is subjected to the closing force by the closer spring via the closer piston and the bearing roller provided between the closer piston and the lifting cam disk. As a result of the application of force to the lifting cam disk, the closer shaft carries out a rotary movement, which is converted into a closing movement of the door leaf, for example via a linkage. Due to a rotation of the closer shaft associated with the opening of the door leaf, the lifting cam disc attached to the closer shaft drives the bearing roller acting on it and, via this, the closer piston against the effect of a restoring force exerted by the closer spring along the housing axis of the door closer housing. Both when closing and opening the door leaf, the control surface on the lifting cam disk and the bearing surface on the bearing roller roll towards each other.

Beim Schließen und auch beim Öffnen des mit dem Türschließer ausgerüsteten Türflügels werden zwischen der Hubkurvenscheibe der Schließerwelle und der dem Schließerkolben zugeordneten Lagerrolle große Kräfte übertragen. Sind die Hubkurvenscheibe und die Lagerrolle beispielsweise aufgrund von Montage- und/ oder Fertigungstoleranzen nicht optimal gegeneinander ausgerichtet, so ist der Betrieb des Türschließers mit einem übermäßigen Verschleiß an der Steuerfläche der Hubkurvenscheibe und der Lagerfläche der Lagerrolle verbunden. Der übermäßige Verschleiß beeinträchtigt den Wirkungsgrad des Türschließers. Eine Beeinträchtigung des Türschließer-Wirkungsgrades ergibt sich zudem deshalb, weil bei einer Fehlausrichtung der Hubkurvenscheibe und/oder der Lagerrolle bei der Kraftübertragung zwischen der Hubkurvenscheibe und der Lagerrolle auf den Schließerkolben ein Kippmoment wirkt, aufgrund dessen sich die Reibung erhöht, die bei den Bewegungen des Schließerkolbens längs der Gehäuseachse zwischen dem Schließerkolben und der diesen führenden Innenwand des Türschließergehäuses auftritt.When closing and opening the door leaf equipped with the door closer, large forces are transmitted between the lifting cam disk of the closer shaft and the bearing roller assigned to the closer piston. If the lifting cam disk and the bearing roller are not optimally aligned with one another, for example due to assembly and/or manufacturing tolerances, the operation of the door closer is associated with excessive wear on the control surface of the lifting cam disk and the bearing surface of the bearing roller. Excessive wear affects the effectiveness of the door closer. The door closer efficiency is also impaired because: If the lifting cam disk and/or the bearing roller is misaligned, a tilting moment acts on the closer piston during the force transmission between the lifting cam disk and the bearing roller, due to which the friction increases, which occurs during the movements of the closer piston along the housing axis between the closer piston and the inner wall leading it of the door closer housing occurs.

Aus der GB 2462633 A ist ebenfalls ein gattungsgemäßer Türschließer bekannt.From the GB 2462633 A A generic door closer is also known.

Den beschriebenen Nachteilen des Standes der Technik abzuhelfen, ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung.The object of the present invention is to remedy the described disadvantages of the prior art.

Erfindungsgemäß gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch den Türschließer gemäß Patentanspruch 1.According to the invention, this problem is solved by the door closer according to claim 1.

Eine optimale Kraftübertragung zwischen der an der Schließerwelle vorgesehenen Hubkurvenscheibe und der schließerkolbenseitigen Lagerrolle ergibt sich, wenn die um die Wellendrehachse gekrümmte Steuerfläche der Hubkurvenscheibe und die um die Rollendrehachse gekrümmte Lagerfläche der Lagerrolle in einer längs der Wellen- und der Rollendrehachse verlaufenden Abstützungsebene mit gegenseitiger Linienberührung aneinander anliegen. Eine gegenseitige Linienberührung der Steuerfläche an der Hubkurvenscheibe und der Lagerfläche an der Lagerrolle stellt sich dann ein, wenn sowohl die parallel zu der Steuerfläche der Hubkurvenscheibe verlaufende Wellendrehachse als auch die zu der Lagerfläche der Lagerrolle parallele Rollendrehachse parallel zueinander verlaufen. Damit dies auch bei Fertigungs- und/oder Montagetoleranzen an der Schließerwelle und/oder an der Lagerrolle und einer damit verbundenen Fehlausrichtung der Steuerfläche der Hubkurvenscheibe und/oder der Lagerfläche der Lagerrolle gewährleistet ist, besteht im Falle der Erfindung in der Ebene der gegenseitigen Abstützung der Hubkurvenscheibe und der Lagerrolle eine Kippbeweglichkeit der Lagerfläche der Lagerrolle. Aufgrund der Kippbeweglichkeit wird die Lagerfläche der Lagerrolle in die Lage versetzt, sich gegenüber der anderen Fläche unter der Wirkung der längs der Gehäuseachse des Türschließergehäuses wirkenden Kraft selbsttätig derart auszurichten, dass sich die Steuerfläche der Hubkurvenscheiben und die Lagerfläche der Lagerrolle in der Abstützungsebene linienförmig berühren. Es wird dementsprechend verhindert, dass sich aufgrund einer Fehlausrichtung der Steuerfläche der Hubkurvenscheibe und/oder der Lagerfläche der Lagerrolle zwischen der Steuerfläche der Hubkurvenscheibe und der Lagerfläche der Lagerrolle anstelle der angestrebten Linienberührung eine unerwünschte Punktberührung in der Abstützungsebene ergibt.An optimal power transmission between the lifting cam disc provided on the closer shaft and the bearing roller on the closer piston side results when the control surface of the lifting cam disc, which is curved about the shaft rotation axis, and the bearing surface of the bearing roller, which is curved about the roller rotation axis, are in mutual line contact with one another in a support plane running along the shaft and roller rotation axes issue. Mutual line contact between the control surface on the lifting cam disk and the bearing surface on the bearing roller occurs when both the shaft axis of rotation running parallel to the control surface of the lifting cam disk and the roller axis of rotation parallel to the bearing surface of the bearing roller run parallel to one another. In order to ensure that this is ensured even in the event of manufacturing and/or assembly tolerances on the closer shaft and/or on the bearing roller and an associated misalignment of the control surface of the lifting cam disk and/or the bearing surface of the bearing roller, in the case of the invention there is in the plane of mutual support Lifting cam disk and the bearing roller ensure tilting mobility of the bearing surface of the bearing roller. Due to the tilting mobility, the bearing surface of the bearing roller is able to move relative to the other surface under the effect of the force acting along the housing axis of the door closer housing automatically align in such a way that the control surface of the lifting cam disks and the bearing surface of the bearing roller touch each other in a linear manner in the support plane. It is accordingly prevented that due to a misalignment of the control surface of the lifting cam disk and/or the bearing surface of the bearing roller between the control surface of the lifting cam disk and the bearing surface of the bearing roller, an undesirable point contact results in the support plane instead of the desired line contact.

In Folge der Linienberührung unterliegen die bei der Betätigung des Türschließers aufeinander abrollenden Flächen an der Hubkurvenscheibe und der Lagerrolle einem allenfalls minimalen Verschleiß. Ist die zwischen der Hubkurvenscheibe und der Lagerrolle übertragene Kraft in einer senkrecht zu der Abstützungsebene verlaufenden Längsmittelebene des Türschließers wirksam, so wird durch die selbsttätige gegenseitige Ausrichtung der Steuerfläche der Hubkurvenscheibe und der Lagerfläche der Lagerrolle ein Versatz des Ortes der Kraftübertragung zwischen der Hubkurvenscheibe und der Lagerrolle gegenüber der Längsmittelebene des Türschließers verglichen mit einer gegenseitigen Punktberührung zumindest reduziert. Damit verbunden ist eine Verkleinerung des Kippmomentes, das in Folge des Versatzes des Ortes der Kraftübertragung zwischen der Hubkurvenscheibe und der Lagerrolle gegenüber der Längsmittelebene des Türschließers auf den Schließerkolben wirkt und das bestrebt ist, den Schließerkolben unter Erhöhung der zwischen dem Schließerkolben und der diesen führenden Innenwand des Türschließergehäuses auftretenden Reibung gegenüber dem Türschließergehäuse zu verkanten.As a result of the line contact, the surfaces on the lifting cam disk and the bearing roller that roll on one another when the door closer is actuated are subject to minimal wear at best. If the force transmitted between the lifting cam disk and the bearing roller is effective in a longitudinal center plane of the door closer that runs perpendicular to the support plane, the automatic mutual alignment of the control surface of the lifting cam disk and the bearing surface of the bearing roller causes an offset in the location of the force transmission between the lifting cam disk and the bearing roller compared to a mutual point contact at least reduced compared to the longitudinal center plane of the door closer. This is associated with a reduction in the tilting moment, which acts on the closer piston as a result of the offset of the location of force transmission between the lifting cam disk and the bearing roller relative to the longitudinal center plane of the door closer and which strives to move the closer piston while increasing the distance between the closer piston and the inner wall leading it The friction occurring in the door closer housing prevents it from tilting relative to the door closer housing.

Aufgrund der genannten Effekte der Linienberührung von Hubkurvenscheibe und Lagerrolle besitzt der erfindungsgemäße Türschließer einen besonders hohen Wirkungsgrad. Der Kraftaufwand zum Öffnen des betreffenden Türflügels ist vergleichsweise gering. Die schließkrafterzeugenden und auch die schließkraftübertragenden Türschließerkomponenten können verhältnismäßig klein bauen. Der Materialeinsatz bei der Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Türschließers ist relativ gering, die Herstellungskosten sind relativ niedrig.Due to the mentioned effects of the line contact between the lifting cam disk and the bearing roller, the door closer according to the invention has a particularly high level of efficiency. The effort required to open the relevant door leaf is comparatively low. The door closer components that generate the closing force and also the ones that transmit the closing force can be relatively small. The use of materials in the production of the door closer according to the invention is relatively low and the manufacturing costs are relatively low.

Damit die Schließerwelle an dem Türschließergehäuse derart gelagert werden kann, dass Kippbewegungen der Schließerwelle gegenüber dem Türschließergehäuse ausgeschlossen sind, ist die zur selbsttätigen gegenseitigen Ausrichtung der Hubkurvenscheibe und der Lagerrolle erforderliche Kippbeweglichkeit lagerrollenseitig vorgesehen. Zu diesem Zweck ist die Lagerrolle in Richtung der Kippbeweglichkeit der Lagerfläche der Lagerrolle im Wesentlichen spielfrei an dem Schließerkolben abgestützt und der Schließerkolben relativ zu dem Türschließergehäuse kippbeweglich.So that the closer shaft can be mounted on the door closer housing in such a way that tilting movements of the closer shaft relative to the door closer housing are excluded, the tilting mobility required for the automatic mutual alignment of the lifting cam disk and the bearing roller is provided on the bearing roller side. For this purpose, the bearing roller is supported on the closer piston essentially without play in the direction of the tilting mobility of the bearing surface of the bearing roller and the closer piston is tiltable relative to the door closer housing.

Eine derartige Kippbeweglichkeit des Schließerkolbens besteht an herkömmlichen Türschließern, an denen der Schließerkolben bei Bewegungen längs der Gehäuseachse über eine Passung an dem Türschließergehäuse linear geführt ist, nicht. Im Falle der Erfindung wird die Kippbeweglichkeit des Schließerkolbens relativ zu dem Türschließergehäuse dadurch ermöglicht, dass der Schließerkolben längs der Gehäuseachse einen uneinheitlichen Außendurchmesser besitzt. Der erfindungsgemäße Schließerkolben weist wenigstens einen Kolbenabschnitt kleineren Durchmessers, an welchem der Schließerkolben von einer längs der Gehäuseachse verlaufenden Gehäuse-Innenwand des Türschließergehäuses beabstandet ist sowie wenigstens einen Kolbenabschnitt größeren Durchmessers auf, an welchem der Schließerkolben an der Gehäuse-Innenwand des Türschließergehäuses längs der Gehäuseachse beweglich geführt ist. Der Kolbenabschnitt kleineren Durchmessers ermöglicht aufgrund des zwischen diesem Kolbenabschnitt und der Gehäuse-Innenwand des Türschließergehäuses bestehenden Spiels die gewünschte Kippbewegung des Schließerkolbens gegenüber dem Türschließergehäuse. Gleichzeitig sorgt der Kolbenabschnitt größeren Durchmessers für eine wirksame Führung des Schließerkolbens bei Bewegungen längs der Gehäuseachse. In Kontakt mit der Innenwand des Türschließergehäuses ist lediglich der radial erweiterte Abschnitt des Schließerkolbens. Nur dieser Kolbenabschnitt muss daher gute Gleiteigenschaften besitzen. Für den oder die durchmesserreduzierten Kolbenabschnitte sind gute Gleiteigenschaften verzichtbar. Etwa bei Schließerkolben aus Stahl erübrigt sich daher ein Schleifen und Härten des oder der durchmesserreduzierten Schließerkolbenabschnitte.Such tilting mobility of the closer piston does not exist on conventional door closers, on which the closer piston is guided linearly via a fit on the door closer housing during movements along the housing axis. In the case of the invention, the tilting mobility of the closer piston relative to the door closer housing is made possible by the fact that the closer piston has a non-uniform outer diameter along the housing axis. The closer piston according to the invention has at least one piston section of smaller diameter, on which the closer piston is spaced from an inner housing wall of the door closer housing running along the housing axis, and at least one piston section of larger diameter, on which the closer piston is movable along the housing axis on the inner housing wall of the door closer housing is guided. The smaller diameter piston section enables the desired tilting movement of the closer piston relative to the door closer housing due to the play existing between this piston section and the inner wall of the door closer housing. At the same time, the larger diameter piston section ensures effective guidance of the closer piston during movements along the housing axis. Only the radially expanded section of the closer piston is in contact with the inner wall of the door closer housing. Only this piston section must therefore have good sliding properties. Good sliding properties are dispensable for the piston section(s) with a reduced diameter. In the case of steel closing pistons, for example, there is no need to grind and harden the diameter-reduced closing piston sections.

Der uneinheitliche Außendurchmesser des Schließerkolbens wird in bevorzugter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung durch eine Abstufung des Kolben-Außendurchmessers realisiert. In Abhängigkeit von der Lage des Kolbenabschnitts größeren Durchmessers längs der Gehäuseachse ist ein Kolbenabschnitt kleineren Durchmessers lediglich an der zu der Lagerrolle hin liegenden Seite des Kolbenabschnitts größeren Durchmessers oder aber beidseits des Kolbenabschnitts größeren Durchmessers vorzusehen, damit der Schließerkolben erforderlichenfalls eine Kippbewegung ausführen kann.The non-uniform outside diameter of the closing piston is realized in a preferred embodiment of the invention by grading the piston outside diameter. Depending on the position of the larger diameter piston section along the housing axis, a smaller diameter piston section is only to be provided on the side of the larger diameter piston section facing the bearing roller or on both sides of the larger diameter piston section so that the closer piston can carry out a tilting movement if necessary.

Besondere Ausführungsarten des Türschließers gemäß Patentanspruch 1 ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Patentansprüchen 2 bis 5.Special embodiments of the door closer according to claim 1 result from the dependent claims 2 to 5.

Im Falle der Erfindungsbauart gemäß Patentanspruch 2 ist der Schließerkolben mehrteilig. Ein Kolbengrundkörper bildet den Kolbenabschnitt kleineren Durchmessers, eine an dem Kolbengrundkörper angebrachte radiale Kolbenerweiterung den Kolbenabschnitt größeren Durchmessers.In the case of the inventive design according to claim 2, the closer piston is made up of several parts. A piston base body forms the smaller diameter piston section, and a radial piston extension attached to the piston base body forms the larger diameter piston section.

Ausweislich Patentanspruch 3 ist als radiale Kolbenerweiterung ein an dem Kolbengrundkörper angebrachter Kolbenring vorgesehen. Derartige Kolbenringe sind handelsüblich und lassen sich auf fertigungstechnisch einfache Art und Weise mit dem Kolbengrundkörper verbinden, beispielsweise in eine Umfangsnut des Kolbengrundkörpers einlegen.According to claim 3, a piston ring attached to the piston base body is provided as a radial piston extension. Such piston rings are commercially available and can be connected to the piston base body in a simple manner in terms of production technology, for example inserted into a circumferential groove in the piston base body.

Die Mehrteiligkeit des Schließerkolbens bietet den Vorteil, dass jeder der Kolbenteile in seiner Beschaffenheit auf die spezifischen Anforderungen abgestimmt werden kann. In diesem Sinne sieht Patentanspruch 4 vor, dass der Kolbenabschnitt größeren Durchmessers des Schließerkolbens an der zu der Gehäuse-Innenwand hinweisenden Seite aus einem reibungsvermindernden Material besteht. Für den Kolbengrundkörper kann ein Werkstoff gewählt werden, der keine besonderen Gleiteigenschaften besitzt, der beispielsweise aber in besonderem Maße geeignet ist, die zwischen dem Schließerkolben und der Schließerwelle wirkenden Kräfte aufzunehmen.The multi-part nature of the closer piston offers the advantage that the nature of each of the piston parts can be tailored to the specific requirements. In this sense, patent claim 4 provides that the piston section of the larger diameter of the closing piston consists of a friction-reducing material on the side facing the inner wall of the housing. A material can be selected for the piston base body that does not have any special sliding properties, but is, for example, particularly suitable for absorbing the forces acting between the closer piston and the closer shaft.

Patentanspruch 5 betrifft eine besonders praxisrelevante Bauart des erfindungsgemäßen Türschließers. In diesem Fall sind als Schließkrafterzeuger eine Schließerfeder und dementsprechend als Schließerkolben ein Federkolben vorgesehen.Claim 5 relates to a particularly practical design of the door closer according to the invention. In this case, a closing spring is provided as the closing force generator and, accordingly, a spring piston is provided as the closing piston.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand beispielhafter schematischer Darstellungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine perspektivische Teildarstellung eines Türschließers,
Figur 2
die Anordnung gemäß Figur 1 in der Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeils II in Figur 1,
Figur 3
die Anordnung gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2 in einer in Figur 2 senkrecht zu der Zeichenebene entlang der Linie III-III verlaufenden Darstellungsebene und
Figur 4
das Detail IV von Figur 3 in einer stark vergrößerten und stark überzeichneten Schnittdarstellung mit einer Schnittebene, die in Figur 3 senkrecht zu der Zeichenebene entlang der gestrichelten Gehäuseachse des Türschließergehäuses verläuft.
The invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary schematic representations. Show it:
Figure 1
a perspective partial representation of a door closer,
Figure 2
according to the order Figure 1 in the view in the direction of arrow II in Figure 1 ,
Figure 3
the arrangement according to the Figures 1 and 2 in an in Figure 2 perpendicular to the drawing plane along the line III-III and
Figure 4
the detail IV of Figure 3 in a greatly enlarged and greatly exaggerated sectional view with a cutting plane that is in Figure 3 runs perpendicular to the drawing plane along the dashed housing axis of the door closer housing.

Gemäß den Figuren 1 bis 3 umfasst ein Türschließer 1 eine Schließerwelle 2 mit einer daran angeformten Hubkurvenscheibe 3, einen Schließerkolben 4 mit einer daran drehbar gelagerten Lagerrolle 5, eine Schließerfeder 6 sowie ein in Figur 3 gestrichelt angedeutetes Türschließergehäuse 7.According to the Figures 1 to 3 A door closer 1 comprises a closer shaft 2 with a lifting cam disk 3 formed thereon, a closer piston 4 with a bearing roller 5 rotatably mounted thereon, a closer spring 6 and an in Figure 3 Door closer housing 7 indicated by dashed lines.

Die Schließerwelle 2 ist um eine Wellendrehachse 8 drehbar und ansonsten spielfrei an dem Türschließergehäuse 7 gelagert. Die Hubkurvenscheibe 3 an der Schließerwelle 2 weist eine Steuerfläche 9 auf, die sich parallel zu der Wellendrehachse 8 erstreckt.The closer shaft 2 is rotatable about a shaft rotation axis 8 and is otherwise mounted on the door closer housing 7 without play. The lifting cam disk 3 on the closer shaft 2 has a control surface 9 which extends parallel to the shaft rotation axis 8.

Die Lagerrolle 5 ist an dem Schließerkolben 4 um eine Rollendrehachse 10 drehbar und bildet an ihrem Umfang eine Lagerfläche 11 aus. Im Übrigen ist die Verbindung zwischen der Lagerrolle 5 und dem Schließerkolben 4 spielfrei.The bearing roller 5 can be rotated on the closing piston 4 about a roller axis of rotation 10 and forms a bearing surface 11 on its circumference. Otherwise, the connection between the bearing roller 5 and the closing piston 4 is free of play.

Der Schließerkolben 4 ist im Innern des Türschließergehäuses 7 längs einer Gehäuseachse 12 seitlich neben der Schließerwelle 2 angeordnet und längs der Gehäseachse 12 verschieblich. An der von der Schließerwelle 2 abliegenden Seite wird der Schließerkolben 4 durch die als Schließkrafterzeuger dienende Schließerfeder 6 in Richtung auf die Hubkurvenscheibe 3 der Schließerwelle 2 (Pfeil 13 in Figur 3) kraftbeaufschlagt.The closer piston 4 is arranged inside the door closer housing 7 along a housing axis 12 laterally next to the closer shaft 2 and is displaceable along the housing axis 12. On the side remote from the closer shaft 2, the closer piston 4 is pushed by the closer spring 6, which serves as a closing force generator, in the direction of the lifting cam disk 3 of the closer shaft 2 (arrow 13 in Figure 3 ) applied to force.

Längs der Gehäuseachse 12 ist der Außendurchmesser des Schließerkolbens 4 abgestuft. Beidseits eines Kolbenabschnitts 14 größeren Durchmessers sind Kolbenabschnitte 15, 16 kleineren Durchmessers vorgesehen. Der Kolbenabschitt 14 größeren Durchmessers wird mittels eines als Gleitring ausgeführten Kolbenrings 17 ausgebildet, der in eine Umfangsnut 18 an einem Kolbengrundkörper 19 des Schließerkolbens 4 eingelegt ist. An dem Kolbenring 17 besitzt der Schließerkolben 4 in dem dargestellten Beispielsfall einen dem Innendurchmesser des hohlzylindrischen Türschließergehäuses 7 entsprechenden Außendurchmesser von 34 mm. Die gegenüber dem Kolbenabschnitt 14 durchmesserreduzierten Kolbenabschnitte 15, 16 beidseits des Kolbenrings 17 weisen einen Durchmesser von 33,7 mm und von 33,5 mm auf. Dementsprechend befindet sich der Schließerkolben 4 nur an dem Kolbenabschnitt 14 mit der Innenwand des Türschließergehäuses 7 in Kontakt.The outer diameter of the closing piston 4 is graduated along the housing axis 12. Piston sections 15, 16 of smaller diameter are provided on both sides of a larger diameter piston section 14. The larger diameter piston section 14 is formed by means of a piston ring 17 designed as a sliding ring, which is inserted into a circumferential groove 18 on a piston base body 19 of the closing piston 4. On the piston ring 17, the closer piston 4 in the example shown has an outer diameter of 34 mm corresponding to the inner diameter of the hollow cylindrical door closer housing 7. The piston sections 15, 16 on both sides of the piston ring 17, which have a reduced diameter compared to the piston section 14, have a diameter of 33.7 mm and 33.5 mm. Accordingly, the closer piston 4 is only in contact with the inner wall of the door closer housing 7 at the piston section 14.

Der Türschließer 1 ist in gewohnter Weise an einem nicht dargestellten Türflügel montiert und an der Schließerwelle 2 über ein gleichfalls nicht gezeigtes Gestänge herkömmlicher Bauart an einen feststehenden Türrahmen angebunden. Die Figuren 1 bis 4 zeigen die Verhältnisse an dem Türschließer 1 bei geschlossenem Türflügel.The door closer 1 is mounted in the usual manner on a door leaf, not shown, and is connected to a fixed door frame on the closer shaft 2 via a linkage of a conventional design, also not shown. The Figures 1 to 4 show the conditions on the door closer 1 with the door closed.

Wird der Türflügel drehgeöffnet, so führt die über das Gestänge mit dem festen Türrahmen verbundene Schließerwelle 2 gemeinschaftlich mit der daran angeformten Hubkurvenscheibe 3 eine Drehbewegung in einer Öffnungsrichtung 20 aus (Figur 3). Infolgedessen rollen die Steuerfläche 9 der Hubkurvenscheibe 3 und die Lagerfläche 11 der Lagerrolle 5 aufeinander ab und der Schließerkolben 4 im Innern des Türschließergehäuses verlagert sich längs der Gehäuseachse 12 gegen die Wirkung der ihn beaufschlagenden Schließerfeder 6 in Figur 3 nach rechts. Die Schließerfeder 6 wird aufgrund der Bewegung des Schließerkolbens 4 vorgespannt.If the door leaf is opened in a rotational manner, the closer shaft 2, which is connected to the fixed door frame via the linkage, performs a rotary movement in an opening direction 20 together with the lifting cam disk 3 formed on it ( Figure 3 ). As a result, the control surface 9 of the lifting cam disk 3 and the bearing surface 11 of the bearing roller 5 roll on one another and the closer piston 4 inside the door closer housing shifts along the housing axis 12 against the effect of the closer spring 6 acting on it Figure 3 To the right. The closer spring 6 is biased due to the movement of the closer piston 4.

Wird der Türflügel nach dem Öffnen freigegeben, so kann sich die Schließerfeder 6 entspannen. In Folge der Kraftbeaufschlagung durch die Schließerfeder 6 bewegt sich der Schließerkolben 4 längs der Gehäuseachse 12 zurück in die Position gemäß Figur 3. Die von der Schließerfeder 6 in Richtung des Pfeils 13 ausgeübte Schließkraft wird dabei über die an dem Schließerkolben 4 drehbar gelagerte Lagerrolle 5 in die Hubkurvenscheibe 3 der Schließerwelle 2 abgetragen und bewirkt dadurch eine der Öffnungsrichtung 20 entgegengerichtete Schließ-Drehbewegung der Hubkurvenscheibe 3 und der Schließerwelle 2. Über das Gestänge zwischen der Schließerwelle 2 und dem feststehenden Türrahmen wird die Schließ-Drehbewegung der Schließerwelle 2 in eine Schließbewegung des mit dem Türschließer 1 versehenen Türflügels umgesetzt. Aufgrund der Geometrie der Hubkurvenscheibe 3 bzw. der an dieser vorgesehenen Steuerfläche 9 variieren die zum Öffnen des Türflügels aufzubringende Kraft und die beim Schließen des Türflügels auf diesen ausgeübte Kraft in der gewünschten Weise über den Öffnungswinkel des Türflügels.If the door leaf is released after opening, the closer spring 6 can relax. As a result of the application of force by the closer spring 6, the closer piston 4 moves along the housing axis 12 back into the position according to Figure 3 . The closing force exerted by the closer spring 6 in the direction of arrow 13 is transferred via the bearing roller 5, which is rotatably mounted on the closer piston 4, into the lifting cam disk 3 of the closer shaft 2 and thereby causes a closing rotational movement of the lifting cam disk 3 and the closer shaft 2 in the opposite direction to the opening direction 20 The closing rotational movement of the closer shaft 2 is converted into a closing movement of the door leaf provided with the door closer 1 via the linkage between the closer shaft 2 and the fixed door frame. Due to the geometry of the lifting cam disk 3 or the control surface 9 provided on it, the force to be applied to open the door leaf and the force exerted on it when closing the door leaf vary in the desired manner over the opening angle of the door leaf.

Für die Kraftübertragung zwischen der Lagerrolle 5 an dem Schließerkolben 4 und der Hubkurvenscheibe 3 an der Schließerwelle 2 bestehen dann optimale Bedingungen, wenn die um die Rollendrehachse 10 gekrümmte Lagerfläche 11 der Lagerrolle 5 und die um die Wellendrehachse 8 gekrümmte Steuerfläche 9 der Hubkurvenscheibe 3 in einer Abstützungsebene 21, wie sie in Figur 3 längs der Gehäuseachse 12 senkrecht zu der Zeichenebene verläuft, linienförmig aneinander abgestützt sind. Eine Linienberührung der Lagerfläche 11 an der Lagerrolle 5 und der Steuerfläche 9 an der Hubkurvenscheibe 3 stellt sich dann ein, wenn die Lagerfläche 11 der Lagerrolle 5 parallel zu der Rollendrehachse 10 und die Steuerfläche 9 der Hubkurvenscheibe 3 parallel zu der Wellendrehachse 8 und außerdem die Rollendrehachse 10 und die Wellendrehachse 8 parallel zueinander verlaufen.For the power transmission between the bearing roller 5 on the closer piston 4 and the lifting cam disk 3 on the closer shaft 2, optimal conditions exist when the bearing surface 11 of the bearing roller 5, which is curved about the roller axis of rotation 10, and the control surface 9 of the lifting cam disk 3, which is curved about the shaft rotation axis 8, are in one Support level 21, as in Figure 3 runs along the housing axis 12 perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, are supported on one another in a line. A line contact of the bearing surface 11 on the bearing roller 5 and the control surface 9 on the lifting cam disk 3 occurs when the bearing surface 11 of the bearing roller 5 is parallel to the roller axis of rotation 10 and the control surface 9 of the lifting cam disk 3 is parallel to the shaft axis of rotation 8 and also the roller axis of rotation 10 and the shaft axis of rotation 8 are parallel to one another.

Von derart optimalen Verhältnissen können die tatsächlichen Verhältnisse an dem Türschließer 1 beispielsweise in Folge von Fertigungs- und/oder Montagetoleranzen abweichen. Denkbar ist insbesondere eine unerwünschte Schrägstellung der Schließerwelle 2, wie sie in Figur 4 stark überzeichnet skizziert ist. Besäße in diesem Fall der Schließerkolben 4 einen einheitlichen Außendurchmesser und wäre der Schließerkolben 4 folglich über seine gesamte Länge an der Innenwand des Türschließergehäuses 7 längs der Gehäuseachse 12 geführt, so ergäbe sich in der Abstützungsebene 21 eine in Figur 4 gestrichelt angedeutete Punktberührung der lagerrollenseitigen Lagerfläche 11 und der schließerwellenseitigen Steuerfläche 9. Beim Öffnen und Schließen des Türflügels würden die Hubkurvenscheibe 3 und die Lagerrolle 5 längs einer Berührungslinie aufeinander abrollen. In Folge der auftretenden Kantenpressung wären die Hubkurvenscheibe 3 und die Lagerrolle 5 bei Betrieb des Türschließers 1 einem außerordentlich starken Verschleiß unterworfen. Die Standzeiten der Hubkurvenscheibe 3 und der Lagerrolle 5 würden sich verschleißbedingtgegenüber den optimalen Verhältnissen stark reduzieren, der Wirkungsgrad des Türschließers 1 würde sich verschleißbedingt verschlechtern.The actual conditions on the door closer 1 can deviate from such optimal conditions, for example as a result of manufacturing and/or assembly tolerances. What is particularly conceivable is an undesirable inclination of the closer shaft 2, as shown in Figure 4 is heavily exaggerated. If in this case the closer piston 4 had a uniform outer diameter and the closer piston 4 were consequently guided over its entire length on the inner wall of the door closer housing 7 along the housing axis 12, this would result in an in Figure 4 Point contact, indicated by dashed lines, of the bearing surface 11 on the bearing roller side and the control surface 9 on the closer shaft side. When opening and closing the door leaf, the lifting cam disk 3 and the bearing roller 5 would roll towards one another along a line of contact. As a result of the edge pressure that occurs, the lifting cam disk 3 and the bearing roller 5 would be subject to extremely strong wear when the door closer 1 is in operation. The service life of the lifting cam disk 3 and the bearing roller 5 would be greatly reduced due to wear compared to the optimal conditions, and the efficiency of the door closer 1 would deteriorate due to wear.

Eine Verschlechterung des Wirkungsgrades des Türschließers 1 ergäbe sich zudem dadurch, dass der Punkt der gegenseitigen Abstützung der Hubkurvenscheibe 3 und der Lagerrolle 5 gegenüber einer in Figur 4 ebenfalls gestrichelt angedeuteten Längsmittelebene 22 des Türschließers 1 relativ weit versetzt wäre. Die Längsmittelebene 22 des Türschließers 1 verläuft in Figur 2 senkrecht zu der Zeichenebene entlang der Gehäuseachse 12.A deterioration in the efficiency of the door closer 1 would also result from the fact that the point of mutual support of the lifting cam disk 3 and the bearing roller 5 is relative to an in Figure 4 The longitudinal center plane 22 of the door closer 1, also indicated by dashed lines, would be relatively far offset. The longitudinal center plane 22 of the door closer 1 runs in Figure 2 perpendicular to the drawing plane along the housing axis 12.

In Folge des großen Versatzes des Kontaktpunktes der Hubkurvenscheibe 3 und der Lagerrolle 5 gegenüber der Längsmittelebene 22 des Türschließers 1 würde auf den Schließerkolben 4 ein betragsmäßig großes Kippmoment wirken, das bestrebt wäre, den Schließerkolben 4 gegenüber der Innenwand des Türschließergehäuses 7 zu verkanten. In Figur 4 ist das Kippmoment durch einen Pfeil 23 veranschaulicht.As a result of the large offset of the contact point of the lifting cam disk 3 and the bearing roller 5 relative to the longitudinal center plane 22 of the door closer 1 a large tilting moment acts on the closer piston 4, which would tend to tilt the closer piston 4 relative to the inner wall of the door closer housing 7. In Figure 4 the tilting moment is illustrated by an arrow 23.

Die beschriebenen negativen Auswirkungen einer unerwünschten Fehlausrichtung der Schließerwelle 2 und somit auch der Wellendrehachse 8 stellen sich an dem Türschließer 1 gemäß den Figuren 1 bis 4 aufgrund der besonderen Gestaltung des Schließerkolbens 4 nicht ein. Vielmehr erlaubt die Abstufung des Außendurchmessers des Schließerkolbens 4 eine Kippbewegung des Schließerkolbens 4 in der Abstützungsebene, ohne dass damit eine Reibungserhöhung an der Kontaktfläche zwischen dem Schließerkolben 4 und der Innenwand des Türschließergehäuses 7 verbunden wäre. Da die Erstreckung des Kolbenrings 17 an dem Schließerkolben 4 längs der Gehäuseachse 12 verhältnismäßig klein bemessen ist und da der Kolbenring 17 nahe dem zu der Schließerfeder 6 hin gelegenen Ende des Schließerkolbens 4 angeordnet ist und eine gewisse Elastizität aufweist, kann der Schließerkolben 4 gegenüber der Innenwand des Türschließergehäuses 7 eine Schwenkbewegung ausführen, bei welcher der Kolbenring 17 mit der Innenwand des Türschließergehäuses 7 ein Schwenklager für den Schließerkolben 4 bildet.The described negative effects of an undesirable misalignment of the closer shaft 2 and thus also the shaft rotation axis 8 arise on the door closer 1 according to Figures 1 to 4 due to the special design of the closer piston 4. Rather, the gradation of the outer diameter of the closer piston 4 allows a tilting movement of the closer piston 4 in the support plane, without this being associated with an increase in friction on the contact surface between the closer piston 4 and the inner wall of the door closer housing 7. Since the extension of the piston ring 17 on the closer piston 4 along the housing axis 12 is relatively small and since the piston ring 17 is arranged near the end of the closer piston 4 facing the closer spring 6 and has a certain elasticity, the closer piston 4 can be positioned relative to the inner wall of the door closer housing 7 perform a pivoting movement, in which the piston ring 17 forms a pivot bearing for the closer piston 4 with the inner wall of the door closer housing 7.

Infolgedessen kann die Lagerfläche 11 der an dem Schließerkolben 4 drehbar gelagerten Lagerrolle 5 ihre Ausrichtung in der Abstützungsebene 21 an die Ausrichtung der Steuerfläche 9 der Hubkurvenscheibe 3 anpassen. Ungeachtet der Schrägstellung der Schließerwelle 2 ergibt sich folglich in der Abstützungsebene 21 eine Linienberührung zwischen der Lagerfläche 11 der Lagerrolle 5 und der Steuerfläche 9 der Hubkurvenscheibe 3. Der bei dem Betrieb des Türschließers 1 an der Lagerfläche und der Steuerfläche 9 auftretende Verschleiß ist minimiert, das auf den Schließerkolben 4 wirkende Kippmoment ist gegenüber den Verhältnissen bei der in Figur 4 gestrichelt angedeuteten Ausrichtung der Lagerrolle 5 deutlich verkleinert.As a result, the bearing surface 11 of the bearing roller 5, which is rotatably mounted on the closing piston 4, can adapt its orientation in the support plane 21 to the orientation of the control surface 9 of the lifting cam disk 3. Regardless of the inclination of the closer shaft 2, there is therefore line contact in the support plane 21 between the bearing surface 11 of the bearing roller 5 and the control surface 9 of the lifting cam disk 3. The wear that occurs on the bearing surface and the control surface 9 during operation of the door closer 1 is minimized The tilting moment acting on the closer piston 4 is compared to the conditions at in Figure 4 Alignment of the bearing roller 5 indicated by dashed lines is significantly reduced.

Bei der Bewegung längs der Gehäuseachse 12 ist der Schließerkolben 4 ausschließlich an dem Kolbenring 17 mit der Innenwand des Türschließergehäuses 7 in Kontakt. In Folge der guten Gleiteigenschaften des Kolbenrings 17 sind die von dem Schließerkolben 4 gegen die Wirkung der Schließerfeder 6 ausgeführten Bewegungen und auch die von dem Schließerkolben 4 aufgrund der Beaufschlagung durch die Schließerfeder 6 ausgeführten Bewegungen längs der Gehäuseachse 12 lediglich mit einer geringen Reibung behaftet,When moving along the housing axis 12, the closer piston 4 is exclusively on the piston ring 17 with the inner wall of the door closer housing 7 in contact. As a result of the good sliding properties of the piston ring 17, the movements carried out by the closer piston 4 against the action of the closer spring 6 and also the movements along the housing axis 12 carried out by the closer piston 4 due to the action by the closer spring 6 only involve a small amount of friction.

Claims (5)

  1. Door closer
    - having a door closer housing (7),
    - having a closer shaft (2) which is rotatably supported on the door closer housing (7) about a shaft rotation axis (8) and which is provided inside the door closer housing (7) with a travel cam disc (3), which itself has a control face (9) which extends along the shaft rotation axis (8) of the closer shaft (2),
    - having a closer piston (4) which is movably guided in the door closer housing (7) along a housing axis (12) which extends in the transverse direction of the shaft rotation axis (8) of the closer shaft (2) and which is arranged along the housing axis (12) at a side of the closure shaft (2),
    - having a closure force producer (6) which acts with force on the closer piston (4) along the housing axis (12) in the direction towards the closer shaft (2), and
    - having a bearing roller (5) which is arranged between the closer piston (4) and the closer shaft (2) and which can be rotated about a roller rotation axis (10) which extends along the shaft rotation axis (8) and which has a bearing face (11) which extends along the roller rotation axis (10), wherein the closer piston (4) which is acted on with force by the closure force producer (6) in the direction towards the closer shaft (2) is supported in a support plane (21), which extends along the housing axis (12) and along the shaft rotation axis (8) and the roller rotation axis (10), via the bearing face (11) of the bearing roller (5) on the control face (9) of the travel cam disc (3) which is provided on the closer shaft (2), characterised in that the control face (9) of the travel cam disc (3) and the bearing face (11) of the bearing roller (5) under the action of the force applied by the closure force producer (6) along the housing axis (12) can be automatically orientated with respect to each other in such a manner that the control face (9) of the travel cam disc (3) and the bearing face (11) of the bearing roller (5) touch each other in a linear manner in the support plane (21) by the bearing face (11) of the bearing roller (5) being movable in a tilting manner in the support plane (21), wherein the bearing face (11) of the bearing roller (5) is movable in a tilting manner in the support plane (21) by the bearing roller (5) being supported in a substantially play-free manner on the closer piston (4) in the direction of the tilting movability of the bearing face (11) of the bearing roller (5) and the closer piston (4) being movable in a tilting manner relative to the door closer housing (7), and wherein the closer piston (4) can be moved in a tilting manner relative to the door closer housing (7) by the closer piston (4) having along the housing axis (12) a non-uniform outer diameter and having at least one piston portion (15, 16) of a smaller diameter, on which the closer piston (4) is spaced apart from a housing inner wall of the door closer housing (7), which housing inner wall extends along the housing axis (12), and at least one piston portion (14) of a larger diameter on which the closer piston (4) is movably guided on the housing inner wall of the door closer housing (7) along the housing axis (12).
  2. Door closer according to claim 1, characterised in that the closer piston (4) has a piston base member (19) which forms the piston portion (15, 16) of a smaller diameter and on which a radial piston expansion which forms the piston portion (14) of a larger diameter is fitted.
  3. Door closer according to claim 2, characterised in that a piston ring (17) which is fitted to the piston base member (19) is provided as the radial piston expansion.
  4. Door closer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the piston portion (14) of a larger diameter of the closer piston (4) comprises a frictionreducing material at the side facing the housing inner wall of the door closer housing (7).
  5. Door closer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a closer spring is provided as the closure force producer (6) and a spring piston is provided as the closer piston (4).
EP14160683.0A 2014-03-19 2014-03-19 Door closer Active EP2921626B2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14160683.0A EP2921626B2 (en) 2014-03-19 2014-03-19 Door closer
PL14160683.0T PL2921626T5 (en) 2014-03-19 2014-03-19 Door closer

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14160683.0A EP2921626B2 (en) 2014-03-19 2014-03-19 Door closer

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2921626A1 EP2921626A1 (en) 2015-09-23
EP2921626B1 EP2921626B1 (en) 2018-09-05
EP2921626B2 true EP2921626B2 (en) 2024-02-21

Family

ID=50289550

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14160683.0A Active EP2921626B2 (en) 2014-03-19 2014-03-19 Door closer

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EP (1) EP2921626B2 (en)
PL (1) PL2921626T5 (en)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4442340A1 (en) † 1994-11-29 1996-05-30 Geze Gmbh & Co Floor-concealed door closer
WO2011066941A1 (en) † 2009-12-01 2011-06-09 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Door closer comprising cam drive

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8219735U1 (en) 1982-07-09 1990-01-18 Casma S.P.A., Magenta Door closer
US5901412A (en) * 1996-01-30 1999-05-11 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Top-mounted door closer
GB0124376D0 (en) 2001-10-11 2001-11-28 Jebron Ltd Door Closer
DE102004041358B4 (en) 2004-08-25 2006-07-13 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Overhead closer
DE102006002751B4 (en) * 2006-01-20 2012-11-22 Landert-Motoren Ag Swing door operator with cam
GB2462633B (en) * 2008-08-14 2013-01-02 Jebron Ltd Door closer
DE102011055974A1 (en) 2011-12-02 2013-06-06 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg door actuators

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4442340A1 (en) † 1994-11-29 1996-05-30 Geze Gmbh & Co Floor-concealed door closer
WO2011066941A1 (en) † 2009-12-01 2011-06-09 Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg Door closer comprising cam drive

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2921626A1 (en) 2015-09-23
EP2921626B1 (en) 2018-09-05
PL2921626T3 (en) 2019-02-28
PL2921626T5 (en) 2024-04-29

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