EP2910716A2 - Holder - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- EP2910716A2 EP2910716A2 EP15155507.5A EP15155507A EP2910716A2 EP 2910716 A2 EP2910716 A2 EP 2910716A2 EP 15155507 A EP15155507 A EP 15155507A EP 2910716 A2 EP2910716 A2 EP 2910716A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coupling
- closure
- movement
- spring
- stop
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004091 panning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/02—Movement of the bolt by electromagnetic means; Adaptation of locks, latches, or parts thereof, for movement of the bolt by electromagnetic means
- E05B47/026—Movement of the bolt by electromagnetic means; Adaptation of locks, latches, or parts thereof, for movement of the bolt by electromagnetic means the bolt moving rectilinearly
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
- E05B47/0012—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof with rotary electromotors
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B47/0001—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means with electric actuators; Constructional features thereof
- E05B2047/0014—Constructional features of actuators or power transmissions therefor
- E05B2047/0018—Details of actuator transmissions
- E05B2047/0026—Clutches, couplings or braking arrangements
- E05B2047/0031—Clutches, couplings or braking arrangements of the elastic type
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
- E05B2047/0048—Circuits, feeding, monitoring
- E05B2047/0067—Monitoring
- E05B2047/0069—Monitoring bolt position
Definitions
- the invention relates to a tumbler, i. Closure or locking device.
- Tumblers are used, for example, in access barriers on a movable area-occluding member such as a door, hatch or lid.
- a tumbler By means of a tumbler, such a movable element can be locked or locked.
- Such access devices can be used in many areas, especially in automation technology.
- the access to a system such as a robot or other mechanical or chemical plant may be limited by a boundary in which a door or flap is provided, which is, for example, to open by panning or pushing.
- the door or flap can be locked or locked by a closing element of a tumbler, for example by a locking bolt.
- the locking or locking can be selectively established or released by the closure element, for example.
- Locking bolt is moved by motor in the respective desired position.
- Such an access door can be locked during operation of a system for safety reasons, but allow access to the system for standstill of operation, maintenance, etc. by unlocking the access.
- the EP 2 295 679 A2 describes a guard for a component for closing an opening.
- a longitudinally movable bolt is driven by an electric motor via a transmission device.
- a sensor is provided which determines in which end position the bolt is located.
- a controller determines the time required for the bolt to move from one end position to the other end position. This can be used to determine whether the drive can move freely or whether the bolt is blocked.
- EP 2 343 424 A2 is a tumbler described in which a plunger a door as a movable Part stops, or arrested.
- a drive drives a rack for this purpose as a transmission element.
- the transmission element acts on a designed as a spring energy storage for moving the plunger. If the plunger is not blocked, it moves due to the force applied by the spring. In the case of a blockage of the plunger, the drive moves the transmission element so that energy is stored in the spring. If the blockage falls away, then the plunger jumps into the respectively activated position due to the spring force.
- a tumbler in which a drive moves via an interlinked transmission means a plunger.
- the transmission device has a first transmission element which is coupled by means of a pin to the plunger, which moves in a slot.
- the first transmission element is rotatably mounted and is coupled with respect to a worm wheel segment as a second transmission element by a torsion spring. If the drive causes a rotational movement of the second transmission element, in the normal case the rotational movement is immediately converted by the spring into a rotational movement of the first transmission element.
- the ends of the torsion spring bear against stops of the first and second transmission element.
- the tumbler comprises a closing element which can move in a closing direction,
- a closing element which can move in a closing direction
- a locking bolt which is displaceable in its longitudinal direction in the closing or opposite opening direction, at least between a closed position in which a part of the closure element with a receiving element, eg. A receiving opening, cooperating to form a lock, and an open position, in the locking element releases the lock.
- the tumbler comprises a drive with a transmission element for moving the closure element.
- the drive may, for example, provide a linear drive, e.g. as electromechanical linear drive, solenoid, hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder, etc.
- the drive provides a motor for rotary drive, for example.
- Via a transmission e.g. is coupled by a rack or drive spindle, for displacement of the transmission element in the closing direction.
- a transmission e.g. is coupled by a rack or drive spindle, for displacement of the transmission element in the closing direction.
- an electric motor with a corresponding gear.
- the transmission element is coupled for movement or force via a coupling with the closure element, so that the transmission element with the closure element is movable together in a first movement direction parallel to the closing direction and a second, opposite movement direction.
- this movement is a linear movement, so that the coupling transmission element and closure element are jointly linearly movable.
- the coupling according to the invention is designed so that it is spring-buffered in both directions of movement under bias. Regardless of whether the closure element is to be moved by the drive via the transmission element and the coupling in the closing direction or in the opposite opening direction, a suspension acts via the coupling, so that upon blocking of the closure element movement of the transmission element in one of the directions of movement against a spring force a spring travel is possible.
- the coupling is under bias, so that the deflection of the spring travel is possible only when overcoming the bias.
- the movement of the closure element preferably takes place largely synchronously with the movement of the transmission element.
- the maximum spring travel provided in the coupling can be limited to a small amount compared to the total movement of the closure element.
- the closure element is movable in the closing direction by a maximum travel, which may be limited by the construction and design of the drive and the transmission element, but also by a corresponding control of the drive.
- the maximum travel can be, for example, 5 to 50 mm, in some applications for example 10 to 30 mm.
- the maximum travel of the coupling can, for example, be structurally limited, for example by the distance between two Attacks.
- the maximum travel of the coupling can be selected preferably low, for example, less than 50% of the maximum travel path.
- Preferred for a synchronous coupling as possible is an even closer limitation of the maximum travel on, for example, 25% or less of the maximum travel, more preferably 10% or less.
- the maximum spring travel for example, be limited to a few mm, yet the goal is achieved to prevent damage in the event of a blockage. At the same time can be achieved by limiting the maximum travel a very compact design of the coupling.
- At least one coupling element is provided for realizing the coupling, which is movable, in particular preferably displaceable, both in relation to the transmission element and in relation to the closure element in at least one of the directions of movement.
- At least one drive stop is preferably formed on the transmission element and at least one closure stop is formed on the closure element, wherein movement is limited by abutment of the coupling element against these stops.
- at least one spring is preferably provided in order to act on the coupling element in the direction of these stops.
- At least one first and one second coupling element are provided which are both movable relative to the transmission element and with respect to the closure element, preferably displaceable, and that a compression spring acts between the coupling elements.
- the coupling by means of an intermediate coupling element, on which acts a spring, allows the desired decoupling between the closure and transmission element.
- the use of two coupling elements allows in a simple structure in particular the two-sided decoupling. While multiple springs can be used to generate the spring force, the construction is significantly simplified by the use of a single compression spring between the coupling elements.
- such a compression spring should act within the coupling in both directions of movement and thus provide the desired spring force, regardless of whether it acts in the closing or opening direction. More preferably, the compression spring for generating be biased according to the desired bias, more preferably between the first and second coupling element.
- the desired transfer characteristic of the coupling can be achieved with a very simple mechanical construction.
- At least one first and one second closure stop are provided on the closure element, in each case for a first and a second coupling element. At least two stops may also be provided on the transmission element, a first drive stop for the first coupling element and a second drive stop for the second coupling element.
- the coupling elements are preferably arranged between the stops, namely between the first closure stop and the first drive stop on the one side and the second closure stop and the second drive stop on the opposite side.
- a compression spring is provided, which is further preferably biased to bias the first coupling element in the direction of the first closure stop and the first drive stop and the second coupling element in the direction of the second closure stop and the second drive stop.
- the closure element is designed as a bolt, for example. With a round cross-section.
- the coupling elements can be designed so that they engage around the closure element, for example as sleeves.
- the transmission element may be formed encompassing the closure element, for example.
- a cage It is then particularly preferred that at least one spring and at least one, preferably two coupling elements are arranged within the cage. At the cage stops for the coupling elements may be provided, and the spring may be biased between the stops.
- FIG. 1 shows in plan view in a partially schematic form a tumbler 10, which on a fixed element (not shown), for example.
- a door stop against a movable element, here a pivotable door 12 is arranged.
- the tumbler 10 comprises a locking bolt 14 displaceably mounted in the longitudinal direction L as a movable closure element, which cooperates with a locking opening 16 on the door 12 in such a way that it engages in the in FIG Fig. 1 shown extended locking position causes a locking of the door 12, and in a retracted open position (in Fig. 1 not shown) the locking opening 16 releases.
- the tumbler 10 a drive in the form of an electric motor 18, via a gear 20, in the example shown consisting of a drive pinion 22 and a threaded rod 24, a feed of a carriage 26 as a transmission element and coupled thereto the advance of the locking bolt 14 in the closing direction or effected in the opposite opening direction.
- a gear 20 in the example shown consisting of a drive pinion 22 and a threaded rod 24, a feed of a carriage 26 as a transmission element and coupled thereto the advance of the locking bolt 14 in the closing direction or effected in the opposite opening direction.
- the carriage 26 is as well as off Fig. 2 seen firmly connected to the rack 24 so that it is directly coupled to the engine without play.
- the locking pin 14 is coupled to the carriage 26 via a prestressed, spring-loaded coupling 30, which will be explained in detail below.
- spring-loaded and biased coupling 30 play between the movement of the locking pin 14 and the carriage 26 is made possible to a lesser extent, ie, a relative movement between these two parts.
- the relative movement due to the bias is only possible with relatively strong force, in particular with active drive by the motor 18 and the gear 20 with simultaneous blocking of the locking bolt fourteenth
- a first closure stop 32a is formed in the form of a step, and a second closure stopper 32b as a ring at a distance thereof.
- a coupling structure is arranged consisting of a first sleeve-shaped coupling element 34a, a second sleeve-shaped coupling element 34b and a compression spring 40 acting between the coupling elements 34a, 34b.
- the coupling elements 34a, 34b are each formed as sleeves around the locking pin 14 around. They are relative to the locking pin 14 in the longitudinal direction L displaced.
- the pressure spring 40 which is likewise arranged around the locking bolt 14, the coupling elements 34a, 34b are pressed apart and acted upon in the direction of the drive stops 32a, 32b.
- the spring 40 is biased between the coupling elements 34a, 34b, so that in the in Fig. 3a shown rest position, in which the coupling elements 34a, 34b have a maximum distance A from each other, the compression spring 40, the coupling 30 holds under tension.
- the carriage 26 has a cage 28, which is penetrated by the locking pin 14 and encloses its penetrating portion as well as the coupling elements 32a, 32b and the compression spring 40. Stops are formed on the inner sides of the cage 28 in the form of a first drive stop 36a and a second drive stop 36b.
- the coupling elements 32a, 32b are disposed between the drive stops 36a, 36b and slidable relative to the carriage 26. How out Fig. 3a it can be seen, the cage 28 of the carriage 26 on both sides in the longitudinal direction L openings 38a, 38b, through which both the locking pin 14 and each projecting collar of the coupling elements 34a, 34b reach through.
- the closure stops 32a, 32b are arranged outside the drive stops 36a, 36b.
- the coupling elements 34a, 34b can move in their respective direction each to the stop either on the respective closure stopper 32a, 32b or on the respective drive stop 36a, 36b.
- Fig. 3b shows the coupling 30 under the action of a high force F in the pulling direction of the locking bolt 14, as they could occur, for example, in the case of a blocking of the locking pin 14 in the causes of movement of the carriage 26 from the locking position to the unlocked position.
- the force F acts on the first coupling element 34a via the cage 28 and its first drive stop 36a.
- the compression spring 40 Via the compression spring 40, the force is transmitted to the second coupling element 34b, which, however, is acted upon by the second closure stop 32b in the opposite direction. If the amount of the forces acting on the elements is above the bias of the spring 40, then this is as in Fig. 3b shown compressed, so that the coupling elements 34a, 34b against the action of the spring 40 to move toward each other.
- the distance of the coupling elements decreases by a spring travel with respect to the maximum distance A, until the coupling elements 34a, 34b touch in an extreme case.
- Fig. 3c shows the coupling 30 in the case of the action of a high force F in the opposite direction, as might occur, for example, in the case of the blockade of the locking pin 14 in the process from the opening into the locking position.
- the first coupling element 34a separates from the abutment on the first drive stop 36a
- the second coupling element 34b separates from its abutment with the second closure stop 32b.
- the coupling elements 34a, 34b move towards each other even in this opposite application and press the spring 40 together.
- there is a relative displacement of the carriage 26 and the locking bolt 14 at most by the length A so that a decoupling is made possible to a lesser extent here as well.
- the bias of the spring 40 can be chosen so that the in Fig. 3b, 3c shown release of the coupling 30, ie temporary decoupling of the elements to each other only at forces that would otherwise lead to the destruction of the drive 18, 20.
- the coupling 30 remains compact overall as shown. For example, even a maximum travel of only 2mm at a maximum stroke of the locking bolt 14 of 20mm, so a game of a maximum of 20%, effectively sufficient to avoid destruction.
- the blocking of the striker 14 is detected by a suitable sensor to shut off the drive in time. This can be done, for example, by a current detection on the motor 18 or by position sensors on the locking pin 14.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
Beschrieben ist eine Zuhaltung mit einem parallel zu einer Schließrichtung L beweglichen Verschlusselement 14. Ein Antrieb 18, 20 mit einem Übertragungselement 26 ist mit dem Verschlusselement 14 über eine Kopplung 30 so gekoppelt, dass das Übertragungselement 26 mit dem Verschlusselement 14 in eine erste Bewegungsrichtung und eine zweite, entgegengesetzte Bewegungsrichtung beweglich ist. Um mit einer einfachen Konstruktion eine exakte Führung des Verschlusselements zu erreichen, gleichzeitig aber mögliche Beschädigungen zu vermeiden, ist vorgeschlagen, dass die Kopplung 30 in beiden Bewegungsrichtungen unter Vorspannung federgepuffert ist, so dass bei einer Blockierung des Verschlusselements 14 bei Überwindung der Vorspannung eine Bewegung des Übertragungselements 26 in beiden Bewegungsrichtungen um einen Federweg A gegen eine Federkraft möglich ist.A tumbler 18, 20 with a transmission element 26 is coupled to the closure element 14 via a coupling 30 so that the transmission element 26 with the closure element 14 in a first direction of movement and a second, opposite direction of movement is movable. To achieve a precise guidance of the closure element with a simple construction, but at the same time to avoid possible damage, it is proposed that the coupling 30 is spring-biased in both directions of movement, so that upon blocking of the closure element 14 when the pretension is overcome, movement of the Transmission element 26 in both directions of movement by a spring A against a spring force is possible.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zuhaltung, d.h. Verschluss- oder Verriegelungsvorrichtung.The invention relates to a tumbler, i. Closure or locking device.
Zuhaltungen werden bspw. verwendet in Zugangsschutzeinrichtungen an einem beweglichen, einen Bereich verschließenden Element wie beispielsweise einer Tür, Klappe oder Deckel. Mittels einer Zuhaltung kann ein solches bewegliches Element arretiert, bzw. verriegelt werden.Tumblers are used, for example, in access barriers on a movable area-occluding member such as a door, hatch or lid. By means of a tumbler, such a movable element can be locked or locked.
Derartige Zugangsschutzeinrichtungen können in vielen Bereichen Verwendung finden, insbesondere in der Automatisierungstechnik. Dort kann bspw. der Zugang zu einer Anlage, wie einem Roboter oder anderer maschineller oder chemischer Anlage durch eine Umgrenzung beschränkt sein, in der eine Tür oder Klappe vorgesehen ist, die bspw. durch Schwenken oder Schieben zu öffnen ist. Die Tür oder Klappe kann durch ein Verschlusselement einer Zuhaltung arretiert, bzw. verriegelt werden, bspw. durch einen Schließbolzen.Such access devices can be used in many areas, especially in automation technology. There, for example, the access to a system, such as a robot or other mechanical or chemical plant may be limited by a boundary in which a door or flap is provided, which is, for example, to open by panning or pushing. The door or flap can be locked or locked by a closing element of a tumbler, for example by a locking bolt.
Mit einer Zuhaltung kann gezielt die Verriegelung, bzw. Arretierung hergestellt oder gelöst werden, indem das Verschlusselement, bspw. Schließbolzen, motorisch in die jeweils gewünschte Position bewegt wird. Bspw. kann so eine Zugangstür während des Betriebs einer Anlage aus Sicherheitsgründen verriegelt werden, aber bei Stillstand der Anlage zu Zwecken der Bedienung, Wartung etc. durch Entriegelung den Zugang ermöglichen.With a tumbler, the locking or locking can be selectively established or released by the closure element, for example. Locking bolt, is moved by motor in the respective desired position. For example. Such an access door can be locked during operation of a system for safety reasons, but allow access to the system for standstill of operation, maintenance, etc. by unlocking the access.
Die
In der
In der
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Zuhaltung und ein Betriebsverfahren hierfür vorzuschlagen, bei der eine sichere Ver- und Entriegelung ermöglicht und im Fall einer Blockierung eines beweglichen Verschlusselements Beschädigungen vermieden werden.It is an object of the invention to propose a tumbler and an operating method for this, in which a secure locking and unlocking allows and in the case of blocking a movable closure element damage can be avoided.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Zuhaltung gemäß Anspruch 1 und ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Zuhaltung gemäß Anspruch 14. Abhängige Ansprüche beziehen sich auf vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung.This object is achieved by a tumbler according to claim 1 and a method for operating a tumbler according to
Erfindungsgemäß umfasst die Zuhaltung ein in einer Schließrichtung bewegliches Verschlusselement, bspw. einen Verriegelungsbolzen, der in seiner Längsrichtung verschieblich ist in Schließ- bzw. entgegengesetzter Öffnungsrichtung, mindestens zwischen einer Schließstellung, in der ein Teil des Verschlusselements mit einem Aufnahmeelement, bspw. einer Aufnahmeöffnung, zur Bildung einer Verriegelung zusammenwirkt, und einer Öffnungsstellung, in der das Verschlusselement die Verriegelung freigibt.According to the invention, the tumbler comprises a closing element which can move in a closing direction, For example, a locking bolt, which is displaceable in its longitudinal direction in the closing or opposite opening direction, at least between a closed position in which a part of the closure element with a receiving element, eg. A receiving opening, cooperating to form a lock, and an open position, in the locking element releases the lock.
Erfindungsgemäß umfasst die Zuhaltung einen Antrieb mit einem Übertragungselement zur Bewegung des Verschlusselements. Der Antrieb kann bspw. einen Linearantrieb vorsehen, z.B. als elektromechanischer Linearantrieb, Solenoid, Hydraulik- oder Pneumatikzylinder etc. Bevorzugt sieht der Antrieb einen Motor zum rotatorischen Antrieb vor, der bspw. über ein Getriebe, z.B. mittels einer Zahnstange oder Antriebsspindel, zur Verschiebung des Übertragungselements in der Schließrichtung gekoppelt ist. Besonders bevorzugt ist die Verwendung eines Elektromotors mit entsprechendem Getriebe.According to the invention, the tumbler comprises a drive with a transmission element for moving the closure element. The drive may, for example, provide a linear drive, e.g. as electromechanical linear drive, solenoid, hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder, etc. Preferably, the drive provides a motor for rotary drive, for example. Via a transmission, e.g. is coupled by a rack or drive spindle, for displacement of the transmission element in the closing direction. Particularly preferred is the use of an electric motor with a corresponding gear.
Das Übertragungselement ist über eine Kopplung mit dem Verschlusselement bewegungs- bzw. kraftgekoppelt, so dass das Übertragungselement mit dem Verschlusselement in eine erste Bewegungsrichtung parallel zur Schließrichtung und eine zweite, entgegengesetzte Bewegungsrichtung gemeinsam beweglich ist. Bevorzugt handelt es sich bei dieser Bewegung um eine lineare Bewegung, so dass über die Kopplung Übertragungselement und Verschlusselement gemeinsam linear verfahrbar sind.The transmission element is coupled for movement or force via a coupling with the closure element, so that the transmission element with the closure element is movable together in a first movement direction parallel to the closing direction and a second, opposite movement direction. Preferably, this movement is a linear movement, so that the coupling transmission element and closure element are jointly linearly movable.
Die Kopplung ist erfindungsgemäß so ausgestaltet, dass sie in beiden Bewegungsrichtungen unter Vorspannung federgepuffert ist. Unabhängig davon, ob das Verschlusselement vom Antrieb über das Übertragungselement und die Kopplung in Schließrichtung oder in die entgegengesetzte Öffnungsrichtung verfahren werden soll, wirkt über die Kopplung eine Federung, so dass bei einer Blockierung des Verschlusselements eine Bewegung des Übertragungselements in einer der Bewegungsrichtungen gegen eine Federkraft um einen Federweg möglich ist. Dabei steht die Kopplung unter Vorspannung, so dass die Auslenkung um den Federweg erst bei Überwindung der Vorspannung möglich ist.The coupling according to the invention is designed so that it is spring-buffered in both directions of movement under bias. Regardless of whether the closure element is to be moved by the drive via the transmission element and the coupling in the closing direction or in the opposite opening direction, a suspension acts via the coupling, so that upon blocking of the closure element movement of the transmission element in one of the directions of movement against a spring force a spring travel is possible. The coupling is under bias, so that the deflection of the spring travel is possible only when overcoming the bias.
Durch die in beiden Bewegungsrichtungen federgepufferte Kopplung wird im Fall der Blockierung des Verschlusselements eine direkte mechanische Rückwirkung auf den Antrieb oder zwischengeschaltete Elemente, bspw. ein Getriebe, vermieden. Gleich ob das Verschlusselement bei einer Bewegung in Schließrichtung oder in die entgegengesetzte Öffnungsrichtung blockiert wird, erfolgt hierdurch keine unmittelbare Blockierung des Übertragungselements und somit des Antriebs, sondern eine mindestens kurze Bewegung um den Federweg gegen die genannte Federkraft. Besonders vorteilhaft ist dabei die Vorspannung, durch die eine besonders straffe Kopplung realisiert werden kann, so dass tatsächlich erst im Fall einer Blockierung mit den dabei auftretenden erheblichen Kräften die Auslenkung um den Federweg erfolgt, nämlich bei einer so hohen einwirkenden Kraft, dass die Vorspannung der Kopplung überwunden wird.Due to the spring-buffered coupling in both directions of movement, a direct mechanical reaction to the drive or intermediate elements, for example a gear, is avoided in the case of blocking of the closure element. Whether the closure element is blocked in a movement in the closing direction or in the opposite direction of opening, thereby no immediate blocking of the transmission element and thus the drive, but at least a short movement about the spring travel against the said spring force. Particularly advantageous is the bias voltage, through which a particularly tight coupling can be realized, so that in fact only in the case of a blockage with the considerable forces occurring the deflection takes place about the travel, namely at such a high acting force that the bias of Coupling is overcome.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung wird so die Gefahr von Beschädigungen bei Blockierung des Verschlusselements deutlich herabgesetzt. Sehr hohe einwirkende Kraftstöße wirken dann nicht unmittelbar auf das Übertragungselement und den Antrieb, sondern führen unter Überwindung der Vorspannung zur Auslösung der Kopplung mit einer Bewegung um den Federweg. Gleichzeitig kann durch die Vorspannung das Auslösen der Kopplung auf die tatsächlich einwirkenden hohen Kräfte im Fall einer Blockierung beschränkt werden, während die Kopplung durch geeignete Auswahl der Vorspannung so einstellbar ist, dass die sich im Normalbetrieb starr verhält.As a result of the solution according to the invention, the risk of damage when blocking the closure element is significantly reduced. Very high acting force impulses then do not act directly on the transmission element and the drive, but lead by overcoming the bias to trigger the coupling with a movement around the spring travel. At the same time can be limited by the bias of the triggering of the coupling to the actual high forces acting in the case of a blockage, while the coupling is adjusted by suitable selection of the bias so that behaves rigidly in normal operation.
Bevorzugt erfolgt die Bewegung des Verschlusselements dabei trotz der federgepufferten Kopplung weitgehend synchron zur Bewegung des Übertragungselements. Zur Vermeidung von Beschädigungen kann es durchaus ausreichen, wenn lediglich der unmittelbare, durch eine Blockierung des Verschlusselements erfolgende Stoß abgepuffert wird, ohne dass wie bei einigen Lösungen des Standes der Technik eine weitgehende Entkopplung der Bewegung des Verschlusselements und des Übertragungselements erfolgt. Daher kann bevorzugt der in der Kopplung vorgesehene maximale Federweg auf einen im Vergleich zur gesamten Bewegung des Verschlusselements geringen Betrag beschränkt werden.In this case, despite the spring-buffered coupling, the movement of the closure element preferably takes place largely synchronously with the movement of the transmission element. To avoid damage, it may well be sufficient if only the immediate, occurring by blocking the closure element shock is buffered, without as in some solutions of the prior art, a substantial decoupling of the movement of the closure element and the transmission element. Therefore, preferably, the maximum spring travel provided in the coupling can be limited to a small amount compared to the total movement of the closure element.
Bevorzugt ist bspw. das Verschlusselement in Schließrichtung um einen maximalen Verfahrweg verfahrbar, der durch die Konstruktion und Ausgestaltung des Antriebs und des Übertragungselements begrenzt sein kann, ebenso aber auch durch eine entsprechende Ansteuerung des Antriebs. Der maximale Verfahrweg kann je nach Verwendung der Zuhaltung bspw. 5 - 50 mm, in einigen Anwendungen bspw. 10 - 30 mm betragen. Der maximale Federweg der Kopplung kann bspw. konstruktiv begrenzt sein, z.B. durch den Abstand zweier Anschläge. Der maximale Federweg der Kopplung kann dabei bevorzugt gering gewählt werden, bspw. weniger als 50% des maximalen Verfahrwegs betragen. Bevorzugt für eine möglichst synchrone Kopplung ist eine noch engere Begrenzung des maximalen Federwegs auf bspw. 25% oder weniger des maximalen Verfahrwegs, besonders bevorzugt 10% oder weniger. So kann der maximale Federweg bspw. auf wenige mm beschränkt sein, wobei dennoch das Ziel erreicht wird, Beschädigungen im Fall einer Blockierung zu verhindern. Gleichzeitig kann durch die Begrenzung des maximalen Federwegs ein sehr kompakter Aufbau der Kopplung erzielt werden.Preferably, for example, the closure element is movable in the closing direction by a maximum travel, which may be limited by the construction and design of the drive and the transmission element, but also by a corresponding control of the drive. Depending on the use of the tumbler, the maximum travel can be, for example, 5 to 50 mm, in some applications for example 10 to 30 mm. The maximum travel of the coupling can, for example, be structurally limited, for example by the distance between two Attacks. The maximum travel of the coupling can be selected preferably low, for example, less than 50% of the maximum travel path. Preferred for a synchronous coupling as possible is an even closer limitation of the maximum travel on, for example, 25% or less of the maximum travel, more preferably 10% or less. Thus, the maximum spring travel, for example, be limited to a few mm, yet the goal is achieved to prevent damage in the event of a blockage. At the same time can be achieved by limiting the maximum travel a very compact design of the coupling.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist zur Realisierung der Kopplung mindestens ein Kopplungselement vorgesehen, das sowohl gegenüber dem Übertragungselement als auch gegenüber dem Verschlusselement in mindestens eine der Bewegungsrichtungen beweglich, insbesondere bevorzugt verschieblich ist. Am Übertragungselement ist bevorzugt mindestens ein Antriebsanschlag und am Verschlusselement mindestens ein Verschlussanschlag ausgebildet, wobei durch Anlage des Kopplungselements gegen diese Anschläge die Bewegung begrenzt wird. Weiter ist bevorzugt mindestens eine Feder vorgesehen, um das Kopplungselement in Richtung dieser Anschläge zu beaufschlagen.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one coupling element is provided for realizing the coupling, which is movable, in particular preferably displaceable, both in relation to the transmission element and in relation to the closure element in at least one of the directions of movement. At least one drive stop is preferably formed on the transmission element and at least one closure stop is formed on the closure element, wherein movement is limited by abutment of the coupling element against these stops. Furthermore, at least one spring is preferably provided in order to act on the coupling element in the direction of these stops.
Besonders bevorzugt ist es dabei, dass mindestens ein erstes und ein zweites Kopplungselement vorgesehen sind, die beide sowohl gegenüber dem Übertragungselement und gegenüber dem Verschlusselement beweglich, bevorzugt verschieblich, sind und dass eine Druckfeder zwischen den Kopplungselementen wirkt.It is particularly preferred that at least one first and one second coupling element are provided which are both movable relative to the transmission element and with respect to the closure element, preferably displaceable, and that a compression spring acts between the coupling elements.
Die Kopplung mittels eines zwischengeschalteten Kopplungselements, auf das eine Feder wirkt, ermöglicht die gewünschte Entkopplung zwischen dem Verschluss- und Übertragungselement. Die Verwendung von zwei Kopplungselementen ermöglicht bei einfachem Aufbau insbesondere die beidseitige Entkopplung. Während mehrere Federn zur Erzeugung der Federkraft verwendet werden können, wird die Konstruktion durch die Verwendung einer einzelnen Druckfeder zwischen den Kopplungselementen deutlich vereinfacht.The coupling by means of an intermediate coupling element, on which acts a spring, allows the desired decoupling between the closure and transmission element. The use of two coupling elements allows in a simple structure in particular the two-sided decoupling. While multiple springs can be used to generate the spring force, the construction is significantly simplified by the use of a single compression spring between the coupling elements.
Bevorzugt soll eine solche Druckfeder innerhalb der Kopplung in beiden Bewegungsrichtungen wirken und so die gewünschte Federkraft bereitstellen, unabhängig davon, ob sie in Schließ- oder Öffnungsrichtung wirkt. Weiter bevorzugt kann die Druckfeder zur Erzeugung der gewünschten Vorspannung entsprechend vorgespannt sein, weiter bevorzugt zwischen dem ersten und zweiten Kopplungselement. So kann die gewünschte Übertragungscharakteristik der Kopplung mit einer sehr einfachen mechanischen Konstruktion erzielt werden.Preferably, such a compression spring should act within the coupling in both directions of movement and thus provide the desired spring force, regardless of whether it acts in the closing or opening direction. More preferably, the compression spring for generating be biased according to the desired bias, more preferably between the first and second coupling element. Thus, the desired transfer characteristic of the coupling can be achieved with a very simple mechanical construction.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführung sind am Verschlusselement mindestens ein erster und ein zweiter Verschlussanschlag vorgesehen, jeweils für ein erstes und ein zweites Kopplungselement. Am Übertragungselement können ebenfalls mindestens zwei Anschläge vorgesehen sein, ein erster Antriebsanschlag für das erste Kopplungselement und ein zweiter Antriebsanschlag für das zweite Kopplungselement. Die Kopplungselemente sind bevorzugt angeordnet zwischen den Anschlägen, nämlich zwischen dem ersten Verschlussanschlag und dem ersten Antriebsanschlag auf der einen Seite und dem zweiten Verschlussanschlag und dem zweiten Antriebsanschlag auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite. Mit dieser einfachen Konstruktion kann eine in beiden Richtungen wirkende Kopplung aufgebaut sein.In a particularly preferred embodiment, at least one first and one second closure stop are provided on the closure element, in each case for a first and a second coupling element. At least two stops may also be provided on the transmission element, a first drive stop for the first coupling element and a second drive stop for the second coupling element. The coupling elements are preferably arranged between the stops, namely between the first closure stop and the first drive stop on the one side and the second closure stop and the second drive stop on the opposite side. With this simple construction, a bidirectional coupling can be established.
Dabei ist insbesondere bevorzugt, dass zwischen den Kopplungselementen eine Druckfeder vorgesehen ist, die weiter bevorzugt vorgespannt ist, um das erste Kopplungselement in Richtung des ersten Verschlussanschlags und des ersten Antriebsanschlags und das zweite Kopplungselement in Richtung des zweiten Verschlussanschlags und des zweiten Antriebsanschlags zu beaufschlagen. Durch die Anschläge wird so die gewünschte Vorspannung in beiden Richtungen ermöglicht, während durch die Kopplungselemente, die durch die Feder beaufschlagt sind, die gewünschte Entkopplung gewährleistet wird.It is particularly preferred that between the coupling elements, a compression spring is provided, which is further preferably biased to bias the first coupling element in the direction of the first closure stop and the first drive stop and the second coupling element in the direction of the second closure stop and the second drive stop. By means of the stops, the desired preload is thus enabled in both directions, while the desired decoupling is ensured by the coupling elements, which are acted on by the spring.
Bevorzugt ist das Verschlusselement als Bolzen ausgebildet, bspw. mit rundem Querschnitt. Die Kopplungselemente können so ausgebildet sein, dass sie das Verschlusselement umgreifen, bspw. als Hülsen. Auch das Übertragungselement kann das Verschlusselement umgreifend ausgebildet sein, bspw. als Käfig. Besonders bevorzugt ist dann, dass innerhalb des Käfigs mindestens eine Feder und mindestens ein, bevorzugt zwei Kopplungselemente angeordnet sind. An dem Käfig können Anschläge für die Kopplungselemente vorgesehen sein, und die Feder kann zwischen den Anschlägen vorgespannt sein.Preferably, the closure element is designed as a bolt, for example. With a round cross-section. The coupling elements can be designed so that they engage around the closure element, for example as sleeves. Also, the transmission element may be formed encompassing the closure element, for example. As a cage. It is then particularly preferred that at least one spring and at least one, preferably two coupling elements are arranged within the cage. At the cage stops for the coupling elements may be provided, and the spring may be biased between the stops.
Nachfolgend wird eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung anhand von Zeichnungen näher beschrieben. Dabei zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- in Draufsicht eine Zuhaltung als Ausführungsform der Erfindung in Zusammenwirkung mit einer beweglichen Tür;
- Fig. 2
- in perspektivischer Ansicht einen Teil der Zuhaltung aus
Fig. 1 ; - Fig. 3a - 3c
- eine Schnittansicht entlang der Linie A..A in
Fig. 2 mit verschiedenen Stellungen einer Kopplung der Zuhaltung.
- Fig. 1
- in plan view a tumbler as an embodiment of the invention in cooperation with a movable door;
- Fig. 2
- in a perspective view of a part of the tumbler
Fig. 1 ; - Fig. 3a - 3c
- a sectional view taken along the line A..A in
Fig. 2 with different positions of a coupling of the guard locking.
Die Zuhaltung 10 umfasst einen in Längsrichtung L verschieblich gelagerten Schließbolzen 14 als bewegliches Verschlusselement, der mit einer Verriegelungsöffnung 16 an der Tür 12 so zusammenwirkt, dass er in der in
Hierfür weist die Zuhaltung 10 einen Antrieb in Form eines Elektromotors 18 auf, der über ein Getriebe 20, im gezeigten Beispiel bestehend aus einem Antriebsritzel 22 und einer Gewindestange 24, einen Vorschub eines Schlittens 26 als Übertragungselement und hieran gekoppelt den Vorschub des Schließbolzens 14 in Schließrichtung bzw. in entgegengesetzter Öffnungsrichtung bewirkt.For this purpose, the tumbler 10 a drive in the form of an
Der Schlitten 26 ist dabei wie auch aus
Durch die beidseitig wirkende, federgepufferte und vorgespannte Kopplung 30 wird in geringem Maß Spiel zwischen der Bewegung des Schließbolzens 14 und des Schlittens 26 ermöglicht, d.h. eine Relativbewegung zwischen diesen beiden Teilen. Wie nachfolgend erläutert wird, ist die Relativbewegung aufgrund der Vorspannung nur bei relativ starker Krafteinwirkung möglich, insbesondere bei aktivem Antrieb durch den Motor 18 und das Getriebe 20 bei gleichzeitiger Blockierung des Schließbolzens 14.By acting on both sides, spring-loaded and
Der Aufbau der Kopplung 30 zwischen dem Schließbolzen 14 und dem Schlitten 26 ist insbesondere aus der vergrößerten Schnittdarstellung in
Die Koppelelemente 34a, 34b sind jeweils als Hülsen um den Schließbolzen 14 herum ausgebildet. Sie sind gegenüber dem Schließbolzen 14 in Längsrichtung L verschieblich. Durch die ebenfalls um den Schließbolzen 14 herum angeordnete Druckfeder 40 werden die Koppelemente 34a, 34b auseinander gedrückt und in Richtung der Antriebsanschläge 32a, 32b beaufschlagt. Dabei ist die Feder 40 zwischen den Koppelelementen 34a, 34b vorgespannt, so dass in der in
Der Schlitten 26 weist einen Käfig 28 auf, der vom Schließbolzen 14 durchdrungen wird und dessen durchdringenden Abschnitt ebenso wie die Kopplungselemente 32a, 32b und die Druckfeder 40 umschließt. An den Innenseiten des Käfigs 28 sind dabei Anschläge gebildet in Form eines ersten Antriebsanschlags 36a und eines zweiten Antriebsanschlags 36b.The
Die Kopplungselemente 32a, 32b sind zwischen den Antriebsanschlägen 36a, 36b angeordnet und gegenüber dem Schlitten 26 verschiebbar. Wie aus
In der in
Im Fall der Blockierung des Schließbolzens 14 bei Aktivierung des Antriebs 18, 20 können sehr hohe Kräfte auf den Schließbolzen 14 und den Antrieb wirken. Wirkt der Antrieb 18, 20 in Schließrichtung L auf den Schließbolzen 14 und ist bspw. die Tür 12 nicht vollständig geschlossen, so dass sich die Verriegelungsöffnung 16 nicht in Überdeckung befindet, so fährt der Schließbolzen 14 bei weiterwirkendem Antrieb 18, 20 in die Blockierung. Auch bei umgekehrter Wirkrichtung kann eine solche Blockierung zu hohen Kräften führen: Bewirkt der Antrieb 18, 20 das Verfahren des Schließbolzens 14 in die Entriegelungsstellung, während aber gleichzeitig starke Seitenkräfte auf die Tür 12 ausgeübt werden, kommt es aufgrund der Blockierung des Schließbolzens ebenfalls zu einer starken Krafteinwirkung auf die Kopplung 30.In the case of blocking the locking
Zur Vermeidung von Beschädigungen, insbesondere am Antrieb 18, 20, ermöglicht die Kopplung 30 wie nachfolgend im Hinblick auf
Durch das Zusammendrücken der Feder 40 und die Bewegung der Koppelelemente 34a, 34b wird so eine geringfügige Relativbewegung zwischen dem Schlitten 26 und dem Schließbolzen 14 ermöglicht, die maximal dem ursprünglichen Abstand A der Koppelelemente 34a, 34b entspricht. So kann bei Einwirkung sehr hoher Kräfte eine vollständige Blockierung des Schlittens 26 vermieden werden.By compressing the
Dabei ist im Normalbetrieb, solange auf die Kopplung 30 keine die Vorspannung der Feder 40 übersteigende Kraft wirkt, eine starre und synchrone Verbindung zwischen dem Schlitten 26 und dem Schließbolzen 14 gegeben. Die Vorspannung der Feder 40 kann so gewählt werden, dass die in
Der Erfolg einer geringfügigen Entkopplung kann dabei schon bei recht geringen Abständen A, d.h. geringen maximalen Federwegen erreicht werden. So bleibt die Kopplung 30 wie dargestellt insgesamt kompakt. Beispielsweise kann bereits ein maximaler Federweg von lediglich 2mm bei einem Maximalhub des Schließbolzens 14 von 20mm, also ein Spiel von maximal 20%, effektiv ausreichen, um Zerstörungen zu vermeiden.The success of a slight decoupling can be achieved even at fairly low distances A, ie low maximum spring travel. Thus, the
In jedem Fall ist es zu bevorzugen, wenn die Blockierung des Schließbolzens 14 durch einen geeigneten Sensor ermittelt wird, um den Antrieb rechtzeitig abzuschalten. Dies kann bspw. durch eine Stromdetektion am Motor 18 oder durch Positionssensoren am Schließbolzen 14 erfolgen.In any case, it is preferable if the blocking of the
Claims (14)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102014102218.1A DE102014102218A1 (en) | 2014-02-20 | 2014-02-20 | tumbler |
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EP2910716A2 true EP2910716A2 (en) | 2015-08-26 |
EP2910716A3 EP2910716A3 (en) | 2015-09-09 |
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DE (1) | DE102014102218A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2797737T3 (en) |
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CN110984727A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-10 | 永安行科技股份有限公司 | Car locking device |
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DE102017002105A1 (en) | 2017-03-06 | 2018-09-06 | Dubravko Dubravcic | Cone window element |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009009259A1 (en) | 2009-02-17 | 2010-08-26 | K.A. Schmersal Holding Gmbh & Co. Kg | Tumbler for opening closing component of access protection device used in lockable room area of e.g. robot, has transmission device for buffering energy of drive movement by application of energy in energy storage |
EP2295679A2 (en) | 2009-09-14 | 2011-03-16 | K.A. Schmersal Holding GmbH & Co. KG | Locking device for a component for closing an opening |
EP2343424A2 (en) | 2009-12-23 | 2011-07-13 | K.A. Schmersal Holding GmbH & Co. KG | Locking device for a component closing an opening |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1637673A1 (en) * | 2004-09-20 | 2006-03-22 | Kaba AG | Locking Device |
DE102005032172A1 (en) * | 2005-07-09 | 2007-01-11 | K.A. Schmersal Holding Kg | Guard for a component for closing an opening |
EP2295697A3 (en) | 2009-09-15 | 2016-10-19 | IFN-Holding AG | Method for producing a window or a door |
CN102953598B (en) * | 2011-08-17 | 2015-08-19 | 东莞市锁之道科技有限公司 | The motor drive mechanism of lock |
CH705661A2 (en) * | 2011-10-24 | 2013-04-30 | Ymatron Ag | Closing system, particularly lid or gate for disposal container with organic wastes, has spring, battery, drive with electric motor, and wheel for transferring rotational movement of electric motor to linear movement of locking pin |
-
2014
- 2014-02-20 DE DE102014102218.1A patent/DE102014102218A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2015
- 2015-02-18 EP EP15155507.5A patent/EP2910716B1/en active Active
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---|---|---|---|---|
DE102009009259A1 (en) | 2009-02-17 | 2010-08-26 | K.A. Schmersal Holding Gmbh & Co. Kg | Tumbler for opening closing component of access protection device used in lockable room area of e.g. robot, has transmission device for buffering energy of drive movement by application of energy in energy storage |
EP2295679A2 (en) | 2009-09-14 | 2011-03-16 | K.A. Schmersal Holding GmbH & Co. KG | Locking device for a component for closing an opening |
EP2343424A2 (en) | 2009-12-23 | 2011-07-13 | K.A. Schmersal Holding GmbH & Co. KG | Locking device for a component closing an opening |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110984727A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-10 | 永安行科技股份有限公司 | Car locking device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2910716B1 (en) | 2020-04-01 |
EP2910716A3 (en) | 2015-09-09 |
DE102014102218A1 (en) | 2015-08-20 |
ES2797737T3 (en) | 2020-12-03 |
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