EP2908187A1 - Adjustment of a clock piece resonator by changing the active length of a hairspring - Google Patents
Adjustment of a clock piece resonator by changing the active length of a hairspring Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2908187A1 EP2908187A1 EP14155431.1A EP14155431A EP2908187A1 EP 2908187 A1 EP2908187 A1 EP 2908187A1 EP 14155431 A EP14155431 A EP 14155431A EP 2908187 A1 EP2908187 A1 EP 2908187A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hairspring
- pin
- racket
- movement
- spiral
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000009975 flexible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/26—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of variations of the impulses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
- G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
- G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
- G04B17/063—Balance construction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B18/00—Mechanisms for setting frequency
- G04B18/02—Regulator or adjustment devices; Indexing devices, e.g. raquettes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for maintaining and regulating a clock resonator mechanism around its natural frequency.
- the invention also relates to a clockwork movement comprising at least one resonator mechanism comprising at least one balance-sprung assembly, the spiral of which is held between a stud at a first outer end and a ferrule at a second internal end.
- the invention also relates to a timepiece comprising at least one such watch movement.
- the invention relates to the field of time bases in mechanical watchmaking, in particular based on a spiral balance resonator mechanism.
- the invention proposes to manufacture a time base as accurate as possible.
- the invention relates to a method of maintaining and regulating a clock resonator mechanism around its natural frequency, characterized in that at least one regulating device acting on said resonator mechanism with a periodic movement, characterized in that said periodic movement imposes a periodic modulation at least of the resonance frequency of said resonator mechanism, by imposing at least one modulation of the active length of a spring that includes said mechanism resonator with a control frequency which is between 0.9 times and 1.1 times the value of an integer multiple of said natural frequency, said integer being greater than or equal to 2.
- the invention also relates to a clockwork movement comprising at least one resonator mechanism comprising at least one balance-sprung assembly, the spiral of which is held between a stud at a first external end and a ferrule at a second internal end, characterized in that it comprises at least one said regulating device controlling a periodic variation of the active length of said hairspring.
- the invention also relates to a timepiece comprising at least one such watch movement.
- the object of the invention is to manufacture a time base to make a mechanical timepiece, including a mechanical watch, as accurate as possible.
- a parametric resonator system reduces the influence of the exhaust and thus make the watch more accurate.
- a parametric oscillator uses, for the maintenance of the oscillations, a parametric actuation which consists of varying one of the parameters of the oscillator with a regulation frequency ⁇ R which is between 0.9 times and 1.1 times the value of a integer multiple of the natural frequency of the oscillator system to be regulated, said integer being greater than or equal to 2.
- This control frequency ⁇ R is preferably multiple integer, in particular double, of the natural frequency ⁇ 0.
- regulator 2 the oscillator which serves for the maintenance and regulation of the other system maintained, which is called “the resonator” 1.
- T is the kinetic energy
- V the potential energy and the inertia I ( t )
- stiffness k (t) and the rest position x 0 ( t ) of said resonator are a periodic function of time.
- x is the generalized coordinate of the resonator.
- the function f ( t ) takes the value 0 in the case of a non-forced oscillator.
- This function f (t) can, again, be a periodic function, or be representative of a Dirac type pulse.
- the invention consists in varying, by the action of a maintenance oscillator or regulator, the active length and therefore the rigidity k (t) of said resonator (1) with a control frequency which is between 0.9 times and 1.1 times the value of an integer multiple of the natural frequency ⁇ 0 of the oscillator system to be regulated, this integer being greater than or equal to 2.
- the regulation frequency ⁇ R is an integer multiple, in particular double, of the natural frequency ⁇ 0 of the resonator system to be regulated.
- all the terms ⁇ (t), I (t) and x 0 (t) vary with a regulation frequency ⁇ R which is preferably an integer multiple, especially double, the natural frequency ⁇ 0 of the resonator system to be regulated.
- the maintenance oscillator or regulator in addition to the modulation of the parametric terms, also introduces a non-parametric maintenance term f (t) , the amplitude of which is negligible once the parametric regime is reached [WB Case, The pumping of a swing from the standing position, Am. J. Phys. 64, 215 (1996)].
- forcing term f (t) may be introduced by a second maintenance mechanism.
- the parameters of this equation are the frequency and the term of ⁇ friction.
- the principle may be reproduced, in particular but not exclusively, in a timepiece or a watch which comprises a mechanical resonator with a balance-spring, with one end of the spring attached to a ferrule integral with the balance, and the other end attached to a piton.
- the oscillation can be maintained and the accuracy of the system is notoriously improved.
- FIG. 1 illustrates the general principle of the invention of harmonic oscillator regulation.
- the particular object of the invention which relates to the modulation of the active length of a spring that comprises a resonator mechanism, is illustrated by the other figures.
- the maintenance is advantageously carried out with an integer multiple frequency, in particular double, of the frequency of the maintained resonator.
- the mechanical means of maintenance can take different forms.
- the invention relates to a method for maintaining and regulating a clock resonator mechanism 1 around its natural frequency ⁇ 0.
- At least one regulating device 2 acting on said resonator mechanism 1 is used with a periodic movement.
- this periodic movement imposes a periodic modulation at least of the resonance frequency of the resonator mechanism 1, with a regulation frequency ⁇ R which is between 0.9 times and 1.1 times the value of an integer multiple of the natural frequency ⁇ 0, this integer being greater than or equal to 2.
- the periodic movement imposes a periodic modulation at least of the resonant frequency, and the quality factor and / or the rest point, of said resonator mechanism 1, with a regulation frequency ⁇ R which is between 0.9 times and 1.1 times the value of an integer multiple of the natural frequency ⁇ 0, this integer being greater than or equal to 2.
- the periodic movement imposes a periodic modulation of the resonance frequency of the resonator mechanism 1, acting at least on the rigidity of the resonator mechanism 1.
- the periodic movement imposes a periodic modulation of the resonance frequency of the resonator mechanism 1, by imposing a modulation of the rigidity of the resonator mechanism 1 and an inertia modulation of the resonator mechanism 1.
- the periodic movement imposes a periodic modulation of the resonance frequency of the resonator mechanism 1, by imposing at least one modulation of the active length a spring that includes the resonator mechanism 1.
- the periodic movement imposes a periodic modulation of the resonance frequency of the resonator mechanism 1, by imposing at least one modulation of the active length of a spring that the resonator mechanism 1 comprises, and / or a modulation of the section of a spring that includes the resonator mechanism 1, and / or a modulation of the modulus of elasticity of a return means that comprises the resonator mechanism 1, and / or a modulation of the shape of a return means that has the resonator mechanism 1.
- the invention as illustrated, relates more particularly to the regulation of a clock resonator with action on the active length of a hairspring.
- the present invention consists in varying the active length of the hairspring, and therefore its rigidity.
- the limitation of the active length of a hairspring is known by the use of a pinning mechanism, comprising a racket carrying two pins between which the hairspring passes, the limitation of the active length resulting from the contact of the hairspring with at least one of these pins.
- a first simple solution is to arrange the pair of racket pins so as to pivot between two different contact positions where the two pins pinch the outer turn of the hairspring to vary the length active, as visible on the figure 2 . (This also gives rise to a slight rotation of the hairspring which can help the self-starting, in this case, the active length is varied in a binary manner and the rest point is modified, so two parameters).
- a second solution is to equip the hairspring of a structure having a housing adapted to receive at least one pin, or the two pins if the racket has two, this integral structure of the hairspring locks with the pins, as visible on the figure 3 .
- This variation is binary. It is also possible to change the active length, according to a similar principle, in a number of steps defined by as many non-locking elastic notches on the turn, each arranged to cooperate, or with a single pin, or with a couple of pins classic.
- Such a structure is known from the document EP 2 434 353 in the name of MONTRES BREGUET SA.
- a third solution visible on the figure 4 consists in equipping the mechanism with a crank-handle system for actuating the racket, as visible on the figure 4 , where the two pins 11 of the racket 12 each describe an arc, thus changing the active length continuously.
- a fourth solution allows the variation of the active length continuously with a cam, as visible on the figure 5 .
- the prestressing of the hairspring and the radial position of the counting point also vary over time.
- a fifth solution is to vary the active length of the spiral continuously with two flexible blades, positioned on either side of the spiral in the vicinity of the peak, and which pinch its terminal curve, as visible on the figure 6 .
- a flexible guide system can actuate the two blades from a single movement, as visible on the figure 7 ; in this variant the blades 15 can be elastic or rigid, their ends opposite the pin can be held by springs.
- magnets can be advantageously used to vary the active length of the hairspring.
- layers or electrostatic elements may be implemented to vary the active length of the hairspring. It is even conceivable, in a hybrid system environment, to be able to modify the rigidity of a hairspring by covering it partially or completely with a piezoelectric layer activated by a small electronic module.
- a parametric escapement with a connecting rod-crank system makes it possible to periodically move the racket pin or pins, or the racket itself, or such flexible blades.
- the excitation at double the frequency can be carried out by a periodic multi-frequency signal, that is to say a superposition of sinusoidal signals, or by a signal square (step-function).
- a superposition of sinusoidal signals is performed whose frequencies are even multiples of the frequency of the resonator.
- the maintenance regulator does not need to be very precise: its possible lack of precision only results in a loss of amplitude, but without variation of the frequency (except of course if this frequency is very variable, which is to be avoided).
- these two oscillators, maintenance regulator and resonator maintained are not coupled, but one maintains the other, one-way.
- the invention differs from the coupled oscillators known elsewhere: indeed, it is not desired, in the implementation of the invention, reversibility of energy transfer between two oscillators, but rather, as far as possible a one-way energy transfer from one oscillator to the other.
- a continuous and monotonous displacement of the rest-count is also performed.
- the invention relates to a method of regulating a clock resonator mechanism 1 around its natural frequency ⁇ 0.
- This method implements at least one regulator device 2 imposing a periodic variation of the active length of said resonator 1.
- the periodic movement is printed with a control frequency which is between 0.9 times and 1.1 times the value of an integer multiple of said natural frequency, this integer being greater than or equal to 2.
- this method is applied to a resonator mechanism 1 comprising at least one balance-hairspring assembly 3, the hairspring 4 of which is held between a peg 5 at a first external end 6 and a shell 7 at a second internal end 8 and at least one regulating device 2 is operated by controlling a periodic variation of the active length of the hairspring 4.
- the regulation frequency ⁇ R is twice the natural frequency ⁇ 0.
- the resonator mechanism 1 is equipped with a racking mechanism comprising at least one racquet pin 11, and the length of the spiral 4 is varied in a discrete manner or in a binary manner, according to two lengths without intermediate state between the two lengths.
- the racking mechanism is equipped with a pivoting racket 12 comprising at least one racquet pin 11, in particular two racket pins 11, and the periodic pivoting of the racket 12 is controlled to periodically change. the points of contact between at least one said pin 11, more particularly the pins 11, and the hairspring 4 to modify the useful length of the hairspring 4.
- the hairspring 4 is equipped with a structure 13 comprising a housing 130 designed to receive at least one such pin 11, or two pins 11, and at least one pin 11 is moved to accommodate it. in the structure 13 secured to the hairspring 4, which locks with the pin or pins 11.
- the length of the spiral 4 is varied continuously.
- the resonator mechanism 1 is equipped with a racking mechanism with a racket 12 comprising at least one racket pin 11, in particular two racket pins 11, and a regulating device 2 comprising a racket 11 is used.
- crank-crank system for continuously operating the racket 12 and move it.
- a regulating device 2 comprising a cam 14 is used to continuously modify the useful length of the hairspring 4 by modifying the position along the hairspring 4 of the point of contact between the cam 14 and the hairspring 4. .
- a regulating device 2 comprising two flexible blades 15 arranged on either side of the hairspring 4, and the flexible blades 15 are supported on the hairspring 4 according to a contact arc 16 of length continuously variable with the end curve 17 of the hairspring 4. More particularly, using a regulating device 2 having a flexible guiding system for actuating the two flexible blades 15 from a single movement.
- the figure 10 still shows a variant of the figure 4 at least one of the pins is at the outer end of a first frequency resonator double, which performs the coupling. Oscillators can, again, advantageously be superimposed.
- the figure 11 shows the principle of changing the active length of the hairspring by another double frequency resonator, and where at least one of the pins is located on a pendulum.
- the systems can be superimposed.
- the relative amplitude of the modulation of the natural frequency of the spring balance 3 is greater than the inverse of the quality factor of this balance-spring 3.
- the active length of the spring, in particular of the hairspring may, again, be modified by a local modification of the rigidity of the spring, in particular of the hairspring, obtained by the use of magnets and / or electrostatic component layers, in particular electrets. .
- the invention also relates to a watchmaking movement comprising at least one watchmaking resonator mechanism comprising at least one balance-spring assembly 3, the spiral 4 of which is held between a stud 5 at a first external end 6 and a ferrule 7 at a second internal end 8.
- This movement 10 comprises at least one regulating device 2 controlling a periodic variation of the active length of the hairspring 4.
- this movement 10 comprises a racquet racket pin mechanism 11 comprising a pivoting racket 12 comprising at least one racquet pin 11, in particular two racquet pins 11, and the regulating device 2 controls the periodic pivoting of the racket. 12 to periodically change the contact points between at least one pin 11 and the hairspring 4 to modify the useful length of the hairspring 4.
- this movement 10 comprises a racking mechanism comprising at least one racket pin 11, in particular two racket pins 11, and the hairspring 4 comprises a structure 13 comprising a housing 130 designed to receive at least one pin 11, or the two pins 11 if the racket has two, and the regulating device 2 controls the periodic movement of at least one of the pins 11 for the housed in the structure 13 secured to the hairspring 4, which locks with at least one pin 11.
- this movement 10 comprises a racket racking mechanism 11 comprising a racket 12 comprising at least one racquet pin 11, in particular two racquet pins 11, and the regulating device 2 comprises a crank-handle system for actuating continuously racket 12 and move it.
- this movement 10 comprises a regulating device 2 comprising a cam 14 to continuously modify the useful length of the hairspring 4 by modifying the position along the hairspring 4 of the point of contact between the cam 14 and the hairspring 4.
- this movement 10 comprises a regulating device 2 comprising two flexible blades 15 arranged on either side of the hairspring 4, and which presses on the hairspring 4 the flexible blades 15 in a contact arc 16 of continuously variable length with the end curve 17 of the hairspring 4. More particularly, this regulator device 2 comprises a flexible guiding system for actuating the two flexible blades 15 from a single movement.
- the invention also relates to a timepiece 30 comprising at least one such watch movement 10.
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- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
Abstract
Procédé d'entretien et de régulation d'un résonateur (1) d'horlogerie autour de sa fréquence propre (É0). Un dispositif régulateur (2) agit sur ledit résonateur (1) avec un mouvement périodique qui impose une modulation périodique au moins de la fréquence de résonance dudit résonateur (1), en imposant au moins une modulation de la longueur active d'un ressort que comporte ledit mécanisme résonateur (1), avec une fréquence de régulation (ÉR) qui est comprise entre 0.9 fois et 1.1 fois la valeur d'un multiple entier de ladite fréquence propre (É0), ledit entier étant supérieur ou égal à 2.A method of maintaining and regulating a clock resonator (1) around its natural frequency (É0). A regulating device (2) acts on said resonator (1) with a periodic movement which imposes a periodic modulation at least of the resonance frequency of said resonator (1), by imposing at least one modulation of the active length of a spring that comprises said resonator mechanism (1), with a control frequency (ER) which is between 0.9 times and 1.1 times the value of an integer multiple of said eigenfrequency (E0), said integer being greater than or equal to 2.
Description
L'invention concerne un procédé d'entretien et de régulation d'un mécanisme résonateur d'horlogerie autour de sa fréquence propre.The invention relates to a method for maintaining and regulating a clock resonator mechanism around its natural frequency.
L'invention concerne encore un mouvement d'horlogerie comportant au moins un mécanisme résonateur comportant au moins un ensemble balancier-spiral, dont le spiral est maintenu entre un piton à une première extrémité externe et une virole à une deuxième extrémité interne.The invention also relates to a clockwork movement comprising at least one resonator mechanism comprising at least one balance-sprung assembly, the spiral of which is held between a stud at a first outer end and a ferrule at a second internal end.
L'invention concerne encore une pièce d'horlogerie comportant au moins un tel mouvement d'horlogerie.The invention also relates to a timepiece comprising at least one such watch movement.
L'invention concerne le domaine des bases de temps en horlogerie mécanique, en particulier basées sur un mécanisme résonateur à balancier-spiral.The invention relates to the field of time bases in mechanical watchmaking, in particular based on a spiral balance resonator mechanism.
La recherche de l'amélioration de performances des bases de temps horlogères est une préoccupation constante.The search for improved performance of watch time bases is a constant concern.
Une limitation importante à la performance chronométrique des montres mécaniques réside dans l'utilisation des échappements impulsionnels conventionnels, et aucune solution d'échappement n'a jamais pu éviter ce type de perturbation.An important limitation to the chronometric performance of mechanical watches is the use of conventional impulse exhausts, and no escape solution has ever been able to avoid this type of disturbance.
L'invention se propose de fabriquer une base de temps la plus précise possible.The invention proposes to manufacture a time base as accurate as possible.
A cet effet, l'invention concerne un procédé d'entretien et de régulation d'un mécanisme résonateur d'horlogerie autour de sa fréquence propre, caractérisé en ce qu'on met en oeuvre au moins un dispositif régulateur agissant sur ledit mécanisme résonateur avec un mouvement périodique, caractérisé en ce que ledit mouvement périodique impose une modulation périodique au moins de la fréquence de résonance dudit mécanisme résonateur, en imposant au moins une modulation de la longueur active d'un ressort que comporte ledit mécanisme résonateur avec une fréquence de régulation qui est comprise entre 0.9 fois et 1.1 fois la valeur d'un multiple entier de ladite fréquence propre, ledit entier étant supérieur ou égal à 2.For this purpose, the invention relates to a method of maintaining and regulating a clock resonator mechanism around its natural frequency, characterized in that at least one regulating device acting on said resonator mechanism with a periodic movement, characterized in that said periodic movement imposes a periodic modulation at least of the resonance frequency of said resonator mechanism, by imposing at least one modulation of the active length of a spring that includes said mechanism resonator with a control frequency which is between 0.9 times and 1.1 times the value of an integer multiple of said natural frequency, said integer being greater than or equal to 2.
L'invention concerne encore un mouvement d'horlogerie comportant au moins un mécanisme résonateur comportant au moins un ensemble balancier-spiral, dont le spiral est maintenu entre un piton à une première extrémité externe et une virole à une deuxième extrémité interne, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins un dit dispositif régulateur commandant une variation périodique de la longueur active dudit spiral.The invention also relates to a clockwork movement comprising at least one resonator mechanism comprising at least one balance-sprung assembly, the spiral of which is held between a stud at a first external end and a ferrule at a second internal end, characterized in that it comprises at least one said regulating device controlling a periodic variation of the active length of said hairspring.
L'invention concerne encore une pièce d'horlogerie comportant au moins un tel mouvement d'horlogerie.The invention also relates to a timepiece comprising at least one such watch movement.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre, en référence aux dessins annexés, où :
- la
figure 1 représente, de façon schématisée, un diapason avec deux balanciers-spiraux attachés l'un à l'autre ; - la
figure 2 représente, de façon schématisée, un spiral équipé d'un mécanisme de raquetterie à deux goupilles, avec une raquette pivotante entre deux positions de contact différentes où les deux goupilles que porte cette raquette viennent pincer la spire externe du spiral, pour varier de façon discrète la longueur active du spiral ; - la
figure 3 représente, de façon schématisée, un spiral équipé d'un mécanisme de raquetterie à deux goupilles, ce spiral étant porteur d'une structure comportant un logement conçu pour recevoir au moins une des deux goupilles, ou bien les deux goupilles, cette structure solidaire du spiral étant agencée pour se verrouiller avec les goupilles, pour varier de façon discrète la longueur active du spiral ; - la
figure 4 représente, de façon schématisée, un spiral équipé d'un mécanisme de raquetterie à deux goupilles, avec un système bielle-manivelle pour actionner un déplacement continu de la raquette, pour une variation continue de la longueur active du spiral; - la
figure 5 représente, de façon schématisée, un spiral sur lequel appuie une came, pour une variation continue de la longueur active du spiral ; - la
figure 6 représente, de façon schématisée, un spiral pincé, au voisinage de son piton, par deux lames flexibles, et positionnées de part et d'autre du spiral au voisinage du piton, et qui viennent pincer sa courbe terminale, pour une variation continue de la longueur active du spiral ; - la
figure 7 représente une variante de lafigure 6 où le système de guidage flexible actionne les deux lames flexibles à partir d'un seul déplacement, pour une variation continue de la longueur active du spiral ; - la
figure 8 représente, de façon schématisée, un mécanisme résonateur comportant un ensemble balancier-spiral, dont le spiral est maintenu entre un piton à une première extrémité externe et une virole à une deuxième extrémité interne, et un dispositif régulateur commandant une variation périodique de la longueur active du spiral; - la
figure 9 représente, sous forme d'un schéma-blocs, une montre comportant un mouvement mécanique avec un mécanisme résonateur régulé selon l'invention ; - la
figure 10 montre une variante de lafigure 4 , où l'une des goupilles est à l'extrémité extérieure d'un premier résonateur à fréquence double, qui effectue le couplage ; - la
figure 11 montre le principe de la modification de la longueur active du spiral par un autre résonateur à fréquence double, et où au moins une des goupilles est située sur un balancier.
- the
figure 1 schematically represents a tuning fork with two spiral pendulums attached to each other; - the
figure 2 represents, schematically, a hairspring equipped with a double-pinned racking mechanism, with a racket pivoting between two different contact positions where the two pins that this racket carries pinch the outer turn of the hairspring, to vary in a discrete manner the active length of the hairspring; - the
figure 3 schematically represents a hairspring equipped with a double-pinned racking mechanism, this hairspring carrying a structure comprising a housing designed to receive at least one of the two pins, or the two pins, this structure integral with the spiral being arranged to lock with the pins, to discreetly vary the active length of the hairspring; - the
figure 4 schematically shows a hairspring equipped with a two-pin reel mechanism, with a crank-handle system to actuate a continuous movement of the racket, for a continuous variation of the active length of the hairspring; - the
figure 5 represents, schematically, a hairspring on which a cam is supported, for a continuous variation of the active length of the hairspring; - the
figure 6 represents, schematically, a pinch spring, in the vicinity of its peak, by two flexible blades, and positioned on either side of the spiral in the vicinity of the peak, and which pinch its terminal curve, for a continuous variation of the active length of the hairspring; - the
figure 7 represents a variant of thefigure 6 wherein the flexible guide system actuates the two flexible blades from a single motion, for a continuous variation of the active length of the hairspring; - the
figure 8 schematically represents a resonator mechanism comprising a balance spring-balance, whose spiral is held between a stud at a first outer end and a ferrule at a second inner end, and a regulating device controlling a periodic variation of the active length spiral; - the
figure 9 represents, in the form of a block diagram, a watch comprising a mechanical movement with a regulated resonator mechanism according to the invention; - the
figure 10 shows a variant of thefigure 4 where one of the pins is at the outer end of a first dual frequency resonator, which performs the coupling; - the
figure 11 shows the principle of changing the active length of the hairspring by another double frequency resonator, and where at least one of the pins is located on a pendulum.
Le but de l'invention est de fabriquer une base de temps pour rendre une pièce d'horlogerie mécanique, notamment une montre mécanique, la plus précise possible.The object of the invention is to manufacture a time base to make a mechanical timepiece, including a mechanical watch, as accurate as possible.
Une manière d'y parvenir consiste à associer différents résonateurs, soit directement, soit via l'échappement.One way of doing this is to associate different resonators, either directly or via the exhaust.
Pour pallier le facteur d'instabilité lié au mécanisme d'échappement, un système de résonateur paramétrique permet de diminuer l'influence de l'échappement et de rendre ainsi la montre plus précise.To overcome the instability factor related to the escape mechanism, a parametric resonator system reduces the influence of the exhaust and thus make the watch more accurate.
Un oscillateur paramétrique selon l'invention utilise, pour le maintien des oscillations, une actuation paramétrique qui consiste à faire varier un des paramètres de l'oscillateur avec une fréquence de régulation ωR qui est comprise entre 0.9 fois et 1.1 fois la valeur d'un multiple entier de la fréquence propre du système oscillateur à réguler, ledit entier étant supérieur ou égal à 2. Cette fréquence de régulation ωR est de préférence multiple entière, notamment double, de la fréquence propre ω0.A parametric oscillator according to the invention uses, for the maintenance of the oscillations, a parametric actuation which consists of varying one of the parameters of the oscillator with a regulation frequency ωR which is between 0.9 times and 1.1 times the value of a integer multiple of the natural frequency of the oscillator system to be regulated, said integer being greater than or equal to 2. This control frequency ωR is preferably multiple integer, in particular double, of the natural frequency ω0.
Par convention et afin de bien les distinguer, on appelle ici « régulateur » 2 l'oscillateur qui sert à l'entretien et à la régulation de l'autre système entretenu, lequel est dénommé « le résonateur» 1.By convention and in order to distinguish them well, here is called "regulator" 2 the oscillator which serves for the maintenance and regulation of the other system maintained, which is called "the resonator" 1.
La lagrangienne L d'un résonateur paramétrique de dimension 1 est :
où T est l'énergie cinétique et V l'énergie potentielle et l'inertie I(t), la rigidité k(t) et la position de repos x 0(t) dudit résonateur sont une fonction périodique du temps. x est la coordonnée généralisée du résonateur.The Lagrangian L of a parametric resonator of
where T is the kinetic energy and V the potential energy and the inertia I ( t ), the stiffness k (t) and the rest position x 0 ( t ) of said resonator are a periodic function of time. x is the generalized coordinate of the resonator.
L'équation du résonateur paramétrique forcé et amorti est obtenue par l'équation de Lagrange pour la lagrangienne L en ajoutant un forçant f(t) et une force de Langevin prenant en compte les mécanismes dissipatifs :
où le coefficient de la dérivée du premier ordre en x est :
β(t) > 0 étant le terme décrivant les pertes, et où le coefficient du terme d'ordre nul dépend de la fréquence du résonateur
where the coefficient of the first-order derivative in x is:
β ( t )> 0 being the term describing the losses, and where the coefficient of the zero-order term depends on the frequency of the resonator
Cette fonction f(t) peut, encore, être une fonction périodique, ou encore être représentative d'une impulsion de type Dirac.This function f (t) can, again, be a periodic function, or be representative of a Dirac type pulse.
L'invention consiste à faire varier, par l'action d'un oscillateur d'entretien ou régulateur, la longueur active et donc la rigidité k(t) dudit résonateur (1) avec une fréquence de régulation qui est comprise entre 0.9 fois et 1.1 fois la valeur d'un multiple entier de la fréquence propre ω0 du système oscillateur à réguler, cet entier étant supérieur ou égal à 2.The invention consists in varying, by the action of a maintenance oscillator or regulator, the active length and therefore the rigidity k (t) of said resonator (1) with a control frequency which is between 0.9 times and 1.1 times the value of an integer multiple of the natural frequency ω 0 of the oscillator system to be regulated, this integer being greater than or equal to 2.
Dans une réalisation particulière, la fréquence de régulation ωR est multiple entière, notamment double, de la fréquence propre ω0 du système résonateur à réguler.In a particular embodiment, the regulation frequency ωR is an integer multiple, in particular double, of the natural frequency ω0 of the resonator system to be regulated.
Dans une version alternative, en plus de la rigidité du résonateur (1), tous les termes β(t), I(t), x0(t), varient avec une fréquence de régulation ωR qui est de préférence multiple entière, notamment double, de la fréquence propre ω0 du système résonateur à réguler.In an alternative version, in addition to the rigidity of the resonator (1), all the terms β (t), I (t) and x 0 (t) vary with a regulation frequency ωR which is preferably an integer multiple, especially double, the natural frequency ω0 of the resonator system to be regulated.
Généralement, l'oscillateur d'entretien ou régulateur, en plus de la modulation des termes paramétriques, introduit aussi un terme d'entretien non paramétrique f(t), dont l'amplitude est négligeable une fois que le régime paramétrique est atteint [W. B. Case, The pumping of a swing from the standing position, Am. J. Phys. 64, 215 (1996)].Generally, the maintenance oscillator or regulator, in addition to the modulation of the parametric terms, also introduces a non-parametric maintenance term f (t) , the amplitude of which is negligible once the parametric regime is reached [WB Case, The pumping of a swing from the standing position, Am. J. Phys. 64, 215 (1996)].
Dans une variante, le terme forçant f(t) peut être introduit par un deuxième mécanisme d'entretien.Alternatively, the forcing term f (t) may be introduced by a second maintenance mechanism.
Les paramètres de cette équation sont la fréquence et le terme de frottements β. Le facteur de qualité de l'oscillateur est défini par Q = ω/β.The parameters of this equation are the frequency and the term of β friction. The quality factor of the oscillator is defined by Q = ω / β.
Pour mieux comprendre le phénomène, on peut se rapprocher de l'exemple d'un pendule dont on fait varier la longueur. Dans ce cas,
avec L la longueur du pendule, et g l'attraction de la pesanteur.To better understand the phenomenon, we can approach the example of a pendulum whose length is varied. In that case,
with L the length of the pendulum, and g the attraction of gravity.
Dans cet exemple particulier, si la longueur L est modulée dans le temps périodiquement avec une fréquence 2ω et une amplitude de modulation δL suffisante (ôL/L > 2β/ω), le système oscille à la fréquence ω sans s'amortir.In this particular example, if the length L is modulated in time periodically with a frequency 2ω and a modulation amplitude δL sufficient (ôL / L> 2β / ω), the system oscillates at the frequency ω without amortizing.
[D. Rugar et P. Grutter, Mechanical parametric amplification and thermomechanical noise squeezing, PRL 67, 699 (1991), A. H. Nayfeh and D. T. Mook, Nonlinear Oscillations, Wiley-Interscience, (1977)].[D. Rugar and P. Grutter, Mechanical parametric amplification and thermomechanical noise squeezing, PRL 67, 699 (1991), AH Nayfeh and DT Mook, Nonlinear Oscillations, Wiley-Interscience, (1977)].
Le principe peut être repris, notamment mais non limitativement, dans une pièce d'horlogerie ou une montre qui comporte un résonateur mécanique à balancier-spiral, avec une extrémité du spiral fixée à une virole solidaire du balancier, et l'autre extrémité fixée à un piton.The principle may be reproduced, in particular but not exclusively, in a timepiece or a watch which comprises a mechanical resonator with a balance-spring, with one end of the spring attached to a ferrule integral with the balance, and the other end attached to a piton.
L'entretien paramétrique d'un tel système balancier-spiral peut notamment être réalisé en rendant ce piton mobile, de façon périodique.The parametric maintenance of such a balance spring-balance system can in particular be achieved by making this stud mobile, periodically.
L'oscillation peut être maintenue et la précision du système est notoirement améliorée.The oscillation can be maintained and the accuracy of the system is notoriously improved.
Le choix particulier d'une fréquence d'un oscillateur d'excitation au double de la fréquence du système que l'on veut stabiliser en régularité d'oscillation permet d'effectuer la modulation sur une alternance complète, et d'obtenir un amortissement nul ou négatif.The particular choice of a frequency of an excitation oscillator at twice the frequency of the system which one wants to stabilize in regularity of oscillation makes it possible to carry out the modulation on a complete alternation, and to obtain a null damping or negative.
L'industrialisation de tels systèmes d'oscillateurs paramétriques est liée aux deux fonctions essentielles: la fourniture d'énergie et le comptage.The industrialization of such parametric oscillator systems is related to two essential functions: energy supply and metering.
Ces deux fonctions peuvent être séparées, comme illustré par la
Il est encore possible de privilégier une modification des pertes par frottements dans l'air, plutôt que de faire osciller le terme de fréquence (ce qui correspond, pour le cas balancier spiral, à faire varier l'inertie ou la rigidité), ou encore de modifier l'inertie du balancier par un balourd.It is still possible to favor a modification of the friction losses in the air, rather than to oscillate the frequency term (which corresponds, for the spiral balance case, to vary the inertia or rigidity), or to modify the inertia of the pendulum by an imbalance.
Pour une efficacité maximale, l'entretien est avantageusement effectué avec une fréquence multiple entière, notamment double, de la fréquence du résonateur entretenu. Les moyens mécaniques d'entretien peuvent prendre différentes formes.For maximum efficiency, the maintenance is advantageously carried out with an integer multiple frequency, in particular double, of the frequency of the maintained resonator. The mechanical means of maintenance can take different forms.
Ainsi, l'invention concerne un procédé d'entretien et de régulation d'un mécanisme résonateur 1 d'horlogerie autour de sa fréquence propre ω0.Thus, the invention relates to a method for maintaining and regulating a
Selon l'invention, on met en oeuvre au moins un dispositif régulateur 2 agissant sur ledit mécanisme résonateur 1 avec un mouvement périodique.According to the invention, at least one
Et ce mouvement périodique impose une modulation périodique au moins de la fréquence de résonance du mécanisme résonateur 1, avec une fréquence de régulation ωR qui est comprise entre 0.9 fois et 1.1 fois la valeur d'un multiple entier de la fréquence propre ω0, cet entier étant supérieur ou égal à 2.And this periodic movement imposes a periodic modulation at least of the resonance frequency of the
Dans une variante particulière de l'invention, le mouvement périodique impose une modulation périodique au moins de la fréquence de résonance, et du facteur de qualité et/ou du point de repos, dudit mécanisme résonateur 1, avec une fréquence de régulation ωR qui est comprise entre 0.9 fois et 1.1 fois la valeur d'un multiple entier de la fréquence propre ω0, cet entier étant supérieur ou égal à 2.In a particular variant of the invention, the periodic movement imposes a periodic modulation at least of the resonant frequency, and the quality factor and / or the rest point, of said
De façon avantageuse, le mouvement périodique impose une modulation périodique de la fréquence de résonance du mécanisme résonateur 1, en agissant au moins sur la rigidité du mécanisme résonateur 1.Advantageously, the periodic movement imposes a periodic modulation of the resonance frequency of the
Dans une variante particulière, le mouvement périodique impose une modulation périodique de la fréquence de résonance du mécanisme résonateur 1, en imposant une modulation de la rigidité du mécanisme résonateur 1 et une modulation d'inertie du mécanisme résonateur 1.In a particular variant, the periodic movement imposes a periodic modulation of the resonance frequency of the
De façon particulière, quand le mécanisme résonateur 1 comporte au moins un moyen de rappel constitué par un ressort ou similaire, le mouvement périodique impose une modulation périodique de la fréquence de résonance du mécanisme résonateur 1, en imposant au moins une modulation de la longueur active d'un ressort que comporte le mécanisme résonateur 1.In particular, when the
Dans une variante particulière, le mouvement périodique impose une modulation périodique de la fréquence de résonance du mécanisme résonateur 1, en imposant au moins une modulation de la longueur active d'un ressort que comporte le mécanisme résonateur 1, et/ou une modulation de la section d'un ressort que comporte le mécanisme résonateur 1, et/ou une modulation du module d'élasticité d'un moyen de rappel que comporte le mécanisme résonateur 1, et/ou une modulation de la forme d'un moyen de rappel que comporte le mécanisme résonateur 1.In a particular variant, the periodic movement imposes a periodic modulation of the resonance frequency of the
L'invention, telle qu'illustrée, concerne plus particulièrement la régulation d'un résonateur d'horlogerie avec action sur la longueur active d'un spiral.The invention, as illustrated, relates more particularly to the regulation of a clock resonator with action on the active length of a hairspring.
La présente invention consiste à faire varier la longueur active du spiral, et donc sa rigidité.The present invention consists in varying the active length of the hairspring, and therefore its rigidity.
On connaît la limitation de la longueur active d'un spiral par l'emploi d'un mécanisme de raquetterie à goupilles, comportant une raquette porteuse de deux goupilles entre lesquelles passe le spiral, la limitation de la longueur active résultant du contact du spiral avec au moins l'une de ces goupilles.The limitation of the active length of a hairspring is known by the use of a pinning mechanism, comprising a racket carrying two pins between which the hairspring passes, the limitation of the active length resulting from the contact of the hairspring with at least one of these pins.
On peut faire varier la longueur active du spiral :
- de manière binaire : le spiral peut avoir deux longueurs utiles, sans état intermédiaire ;
- de manière continue.
- in a binary way: the hairspring can have two useful lengths, without intermediate state;
- continuously.
Pour faire varier la longueur active du spiral de manière binaire, une première solution simple consiste à agencer le couple de goupilles de raquette de façon à pivoter entre deux positions de contact différentes où les deux goupilles viennent pincer la spire externe du spiral pour varier la longueur active, tel que visible sur la
Une deuxième solution consiste à équiper le spiral d'une structure comportant un logement conçu pour recevoir au moins une goupille, ou bien les deux goupilles si la raquette en comporte deux, cette structure solidaire du spiral se verrouille avec les goupilles, tel que visible sur la
Pour faire varier la longueur active du spiral de manière continue, une troisième solution visible sur la
Une quatrième solution autorise la variation de la longueur active en continu avec une came, tel que visible sur la
Une cinquième solution consiste à faire varier la longueur active du spiral en continu avec deux lames flexibles, positionnées de part et d'autre du spiral au voisinage du piton, et qui viennent pincer sa courbe terminale, tel que visible sur la
Certains de ces mécanismes peuvent être combinés entre eux, par exemple et non limitativement ceux des
Ces mécanismes peuvent, encore, être combinés avec un mécanisme modifiant la rigidité du spiral, tel qu'un mobile rotatif équipé d'aimants à sa périphérie et coopérant périodiquement avec un aimant placé sur la courbe terminale du spiral, ou autre.These mechanisms can, again, be combined with a mechanism for modifying the rigidity of the hairspring, such as a rotating mobile equipped with magnets at its periphery and cooperating periodically with a magnet placed on the end curve of the hairspring, or other.
De même, des couches ou éléments électrostatiques peuvent être mis en oeuvre pour faire varier la longueur active du spiral. Il est même envisageable, dans un environnement de système hybride, de pouvoir modifier la rigidité d'un spiral en le recouvrant partiellement ou complètement d'une couche piézoélectrique activée par un petit module électronique.Similarly, layers or electrostatic elements may be implemented to vary the active length of the hairspring. It is even conceivable, in a hybrid system environment, to be able to modify the rigidity of a hairspring by covering it partially or completely with a piezoelectric layer activated by a small electronic module.
Un échappement paramétrique à système bielle-manivelle permet de faire bouger de façon périodique la ou les goupilles de raquette, ou la raquette elle-même, ou de telles lames flexibles.A parametric escapement with a connecting rod-crank system makes it possible to periodically move the racket pin or pins, or the racket itself, or such flexible blades.
Il n'est pas indispensable d'avoir une excitation sinusoïdale, l'excitation au double de la fréquence peut être effectuée par un signal périodique multi-fréquentiel, c'est-à-dire une superposition de signaux sinusoïdaux, ou encore par un signal carré (step-function). Dans une réalisation particulière, on effectue une superposition de signaux sinusoïdaux, dont les fréquences sont des multiples pairs de la fréquence du résonateur.It is not essential to have a sinusoidal excitation, the excitation at double the frequency can be carried out by a periodic multi-frequency signal, that is to say a superposition of sinusoidal signals, or by a signal square (step-function). In a particular embodiment, a superposition of sinusoidal signals is performed whose frequencies are even multiples of the frequency of the resonator.
Le régulateur d'entretien n'a pas besoin d'être très précis: son défaut de précision éventuel se traduit seulement par une perte d'amplitude, mais sans variation de la fréquence (sauf bien sûr si cette fréquence est très variable, ce qui est à éviter). En fait, ces deux oscillateurs, régulateur d'entretien et résonateur entretenu, ne sont pas couplés, mais l'un entretient l'autre, à sens unique.The maintenance regulator does not need to be very precise: its possible lack of precision only results in a loss of amplitude, but without variation of the frequency (except of course if this frequency is very variable, which is to be avoided). In fact, these two oscillators, maintenance regulator and resonator maintained, are not coupled, but one maintains the other, one-way.
Dans une réalisation préférée, il n'y a pas de ressort de couplage entre ces deux oscillateurs.In a preferred embodiment, there is no coupling spring between these two oscillators.
On comprend bien que l'invention se distingue des oscillateurs couplés connus par ailleurs: en effet, on ne souhaite pas, dans la mise en oeuvre de l'invention, de réversibilité du transfert d'énergie entre deux oscillateurs, mais plutôt, dans la mesure du possible un transfert d'énergie à sens unique d'un oscillateur vers l'autre.It is well understood that the invention differs from the coupled oscillators known elsewhere: indeed, it is not desired, in the implementation of the invention, reversibility of energy transfer between two oscillators, but rather, as far as possible a one-way energy transfer from one oscillator to the other.
Dans une variante particulière de l'invention, on effectue de surcroît un déplacement continu et monotone du comptage-repos.In a particular variant of the invention, a continuous and monotonous displacement of the rest-count is also performed.
Ainsi, l'invention concerne un procédé de régulation d'un mécanisme résonateur 1 d'horlogerie autour de sa fréquence propre ω0. Ce procédé met en oeuvre au moins un dispositif régulateur 2 imposant une variation périodique de la longueur active dudit résonateur 1.Thus, the invention relates to a method of regulating a
Selon l'invention, on imprime le mouvement périodique avec une fréquence de régulation qui est comprise entre 0.9 fois et 1.1 fois la valeur d'un multiple entier de ladite fréquence propre, cet entier étant supérieur ou égal à 2.According to the invention, the periodic movement is printed with a control frequency which is between 0.9 times and 1.1 times the value of an integer multiple of said natural frequency, this integer being greater than or equal to 2.
Selon l'invention, on applique ce procédé à un mécanisme résonateur 1 comportant au moins un ensemble balancier-spiral 3, dont le spiral 4 est maintenu entre un piton 5 à une première extrémité externe 6 et une virole 7 à une deuxième extrémité interne 8, et on fait agir au moins un dispositif régulateur 2 en commandant une variation périodique de la longueur active du spiral 4.According to the invention, this method is applied to a
Dans une mise en oeuvre préférée, la fréquence de régulation ωR est le double de la fréquence propre ω0.In a preferred implementation, the regulation frequency ωR is twice the natural frequency ω0.
La présente description présente ci-après différentes variantes décrites avec une raquette comportant deux goupilles de part et d'autre du spiral, selon un agencement classique, qui constituent un mode de réalisation avantageux, mais qui n'est pas limitatif. En particulier il est parfaitement possible d'utiliser une goupille unique pour modifier la longueur utile du spiral. Seules des réalisations à deux goupilles sont illustrées par les figures.The present description presents below various variants described with a racket having two pins on either side of the hairspring, according to a conventional arrangement, which constitute an advantageous embodiment, but which is not limiting. In particular it is perfectly possible to use a single pin to change the useful length of the hairspring. Only achievements with two pins are illustrated by the figures.
Dans un premier mode de mise en oeuvre du procédé, on équipe le mécanisme résonateur 1 d'un mécanisme de raquetterie comportant au moins une goupille de raquette 11, et on fait varier la longueur du spiral 4 de façon discrète ou de manière binaire, selon deux longueurs sans état intermédiaire entre les deux longueurs.In a first embodiment of the method, the
Dans une première variante de ce premier mode, on équipe le mécanisme de raquetterie d'une raquette 12 pivotante comportant au moins une goupille de raquette 11, notamment deux goupilles de raquette 11, et on commande le pivotement périodique de la raquette 12 pour modifier périodiquement les points de contact entre au moins une dite goupille 11, plus particulièrement les goupilles 11, et le spiral 4 pour modifier la longueur utile du spiral 4.In a first variant of this first mode, the racking mechanism is equipped with a pivoting
Dans une deuxième variante de ce premier mode, on équipe le spiral 4 d'une structure 13 comportant un logement 130 conçu pour recevoir au moins une telle goupille 11, ou bien deux goupilles 11, et on déplace au moins une goupille 11 pour la loger dans la structure 13 solidaire du spiral 4, qui se verrouille avec la ou les goupilles 11.In a second variant of this first mode, the
Dans un deuxième mode de mise en oeuvre du procédé, on fait varier la longueur du spiral 4 de manière continue.In a second embodiment of the method, the length of the
Dans une première variante de ce deuxième mode, on équipe le mécanisme résonateur 1 d'un mécanisme de raquetterie avec une raquette 12 comportant au moins une goupille de raquette 11, notamment deux goupilles de raquette 11, et on utilise un dispositif régulateur 2 comportant un système bielle-manivelle pour actionner en continu la raquette 12 et la déplacer.In a first variant of this second mode, the
Dans une deuxième variante de ce deuxième mode, on utilise un dispositif régulateur 2 comportant une came 14 pour modifier en continu la longueur utile du spiral 4 en modifiant la position le long du spiral 4 du point de contact entre la came 14 et le spiral 4.In a second variant of this second mode, a
Dans une troisième variante de ce deuxième mode, on utilise un dispositif régulateur 2 comportant deux lames flexibles 15 agencées de part et d'autre du spiral 4, et on appuie les lames flexibles 15 sur le spiral 4 selon un arc de contact 16 de longueur continûment variable avec la courbe terminale 17 du spiral 4. Plus particulièrement, on utilise un dispositif régulateur 2 comportant un système de guidage flexible pour actionner les deux lames flexibles 15 à partir d'un seul déplacement.In a third variant of this second mode, a
D'autres variantes de mise en oeuvre de l'invention sont encore possibles. Il est notamment envisageable de modifier la longueur active du spiral 4 par son centre, plutôt que par sa périphérie. Ou encore d'agir sur les spires intermédiaires du spiral, par exemple en utilisant des mécanismes de couplage de spires entre elles tels qu'utilisés dans les systèmes anti-galop décrits par
La
La
Les variantes décrites ici ne sont pas limitatives, puisqu'on peut imaginer l'intégration de tous types de résonateurs, poutres, guidages flexibles, ou autres.The variants described here are not limiting, since one can imagine the integration of all types of resonators, beams, flexible guides, or others.
De façon avantageuse, l'amplitude relative de la modulation de la fréquence naturelle du balancier-spiral 3 est supérieure à l'inverse du facteur de qualité de ce balancier-spiral 3.Advantageously, the relative amplitude of the modulation of the natural frequency of the
La longueur active du ressort, notamment du spiral, peut, encore, être modifiée par une modification locale de la rigidité du ressort, notamment du spiral, obtenue par l'utilisation d'aimants et/ou de couches-composants électrostatiques, notamment des électrets.The active length of the spring, in particular of the hairspring, may, again, be modified by a local modification of the rigidity of the spring, in particular of the hairspring, obtained by the use of magnets and / or electrostatic component layers, in particular electrets. .
L'invention concerne encore un mouvement d'horlogerie 10 comportant au moins un mécanisme résonateur d'horlogerie 1 comportant au moins un ensemble balancier-spiral 3, dont le spiral 4 est maintenu entre un piton 5 à une première extrémité externe 6 et une virole 7 à une deuxième extrémité interne 8. Ce mouvement 10 comporte au moins un dispositif régulateur 2 commandant une variation périodique de la longueur active du spiral 4.The invention also relates to a watchmaking movement comprising at least one watchmaking resonator mechanism comprising at least one balance-
Dans une variante, ce mouvement 10 comporte un mécanisme de raquetterie à goupille de raquette 11 comportant une raquette 12 pivotante comportant au moins une goupille de raquette 11, notamment deux goupilles de raquette 11, et le dispositif régulateur 2 commande le pivotement périodique de la raquette 12 pour modifier périodiquement les points de contact entre au moins une goupille 11 et le spiral 4 pour modifier la longueur utile du spiral 4.In a variant, this
Dans une autre variante, ce mouvement 10 comporte un mécanisme de raquetterie comportant au moins une goupille de raquette 11, notamment deux goupilles de raquette 11, et le spiral 4 comporte une structure 13 comportant un logement 130 conçu pour recevoir au moins une goupille 11, ou bien les deux goupilles 11 si la raquette en comporte deux, et le dispositif régulateur 2 commande le déplacement périodique d'au moins une des goupilles 11 pour la loger dans la structure 13 solidaire du spiral 4, qui se verrouille avec au moins une goupille 11.In another variant, this
Dans une variante, ce mouvement 10 comporte un mécanisme de raquetterie à goupilles de raquette 11 comportant une raquette 12 comportant au moins une goupille de raquette 11, notamment deux goupilles de raquette 11, et le dispositif régulateur 2 comporte un système bielle-manivelle pour actionner en continu la raquette 12 et la déplacer.In a variant, this
Dans une variante, ce mouvement 10 comporte un dispositif régulateur 2 comportant une came 14 pour modifier en continu la longueur utile du spiral 4 en modifiant la position le long du spiral 4 du point de contact entre la came 14 et le spiral 4.In a variant, this
Dans une variante, ce mouvement 10 comporte un dispositif régulateur 2 comportant deux lames flexibles 15 agencées de part et d'autre du spiral 4, et qui appuie sur le spiral 4 les lames flexibles 15 selon un arc de contact 16 de longueur continûment variable avec la courbe terminale 17 du spiral 4. Plus particulièrement, ce dispositif régulateur 2 comporte un système de guidage flexible pour actionner les deux lames flexibles 15 à partir d'un seul déplacement.In a variant, this
L'invention concerne encore une pièce d'horlogerie 30 comportant au moins un tel mouvement d'horlogerie 10.The invention also relates to a
Claims (22)
Priority Applications (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP14155431.1A EP2908187B1 (en) | 2014-02-17 | 2014-02-17 | Adjustment of a clock piece resonator by changing the active length of a hairspring |
EP14184155.1A EP2908189A3 (en) | 2014-02-17 | 2014-09-09 | Mechanism for synchronising two timepiece oscillators with a gear-train |
EP14184631.1A EP2908190B1 (en) | 2014-02-17 | 2014-09-12 | Combined resonator with minimal friction |
CN201510070606.7A CN104850000B (en) | 2014-02-17 | 2015-02-10 | The method of clock and watch resonant frequency regulation, movement and include the clock and watch of the movement |
US14/620,430 US9354607B2 (en) | 2014-02-17 | 2015-02-12 | Frequency regulation of a timepiece resonator via action on the active length of a balance spring |
RU2015105254/12A RU2590873C1 (en) | 2014-02-17 | 2015-02-16 | Adjustment of frequency of clock oscillation system by action on active length of spring balance |
JP2015027458A JP5957107B2 (en) | 2014-02-17 | 2015-02-16 | Frequency adjustment of watch resonators by action on the effective length of the balance spring. |
RU2016150515A RU2680411C1 (en) | 2014-02-17 | 2015-06-22 | Method for synchronizing two clock oscillators with one gear train |
JP2016566664A JP6224854B2 (en) | 2014-02-17 | 2015-06-22 | Method for synchronizing two timer oscillators with one gear train |
HK16101512.9A HK1213650A1 (en) | 2014-02-17 | 2016-02-11 | Method of regulating frequency of a timepiece resonator, movement and timepiece including the movement |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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EP14155431.1A EP2908187B1 (en) | 2014-02-17 | 2014-02-17 | Adjustment of a clock piece resonator by changing the active length of a hairspring |
Publications (2)
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EP2908187A1 true EP2908187A1 (en) | 2015-08-19 |
EP2908187B1 EP2908187B1 (en) | 2016-10-19 |
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EP14155431.1A Active EP2908187B1 (en) | 2014-02-17 | 2014-02-17 | Adjustment of a clock piece resonator by changing the active length of a hairspring |
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US (1) | US9354607B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2908187B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5957107B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN104850000B (en) |
HK (1) | HK1213650A1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2590873C1 (en) |
Cited By (5)
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WO2018177774A1 (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2018-10-04 | The Swatch Group Research And Development Ltd | Mechanical timepiece comprising a movement of which the operation is improved by a correction device |
WO2018177779A1 (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2018-10-04 | The Swatch Group Research And Development Ltd | Timepiece comprising a mechanical movement improved by a correction device |
EP3502788A1 (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-06-26 | The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd | Standalone device for adjusting the active length of a hairspring |
EP3629103A1 (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-01 | The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd | Timepiece comprising a mechanical movement of which the oscillation is regulated by an electronic device |
RU2807013C1 (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-11-08 | Омега Са | Balance spring for watch resonator mechanism, equipped with means for adjusting stiffness |
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CH709281A2 (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2015-08-28 | Swatch Group Res & Dev Ltd | Clockwork resonator mechanism comprising an oscillating member carrying an oscillating regulator device. |
KR101915861B1 (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2018-11-06 | 주식회사 한화 | Frequency adjusting system and method thereof |
EP3926412A1 (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2021-12-22 | Montres Breguet S.A. | Regulating mechanism of a timepiece |
EP4009115A1 (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2022-06-08 | Omega SA | Hairspring for timepiece resonator mechanism provided with a means for adjusting rigidity |
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WO2018177774A1 (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2018-10-04 | The Swatch Group Research And Development Ltd | Mechanical timepiece comprising a movement of which the operation is improved by a correction device |
WO2018177779A1 (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2018-10-04 | The Swatch Group Research And Development Ltd | Timepiece comprising a mechanical movement improved by a correction device |
CN110520802A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2019-11-29 | 斯沃奇集团研究和开发有限公司 | Clock and watch including enhancing the mechanical movement of its operation by means for correcting |
CN110520802B (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2021-12-07 | 斯沃奇集团研究和开发有限公司 | Timepiece comprising a mechanical movement whose operation is enhanced by an adjustment device |
US11300929B2 (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2022-04-12 | The Swatch Group Research And Development Ltd | Timepiece comprising a mechanical movement which running is enhanced by a regulation device |
US11480925B2 (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2022-10-25 | The Swatch Group Research And Development Ltd | Mechanical timepiece comprising a movement which running is enhanced by a regulation device |
EP3502788A1 (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-06-26 | The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd | Standalone device for adjusting the active length of a hairspring |
US11397410B2 (en) | 2017-12-20 | 2022-07-26 | The Swatch Group Research And Development Ltd | Device for autonomous adjustment of the active length of a balance spring |
EP3629103A1 (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-01 | The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd | Timepiece comprising a mechanical movement of which the oscillation is regulated by an electronic device |
US11619910B2 (en) | 2018-09-28 | 2023-04-04 | The Swatch Group Research And Development Ltd | Timepiece including a mechanical movement whose operation is controlled by an electronic device |
RU2807013C1 (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-11-08 | Омега Са | Balance spring for watch resonator mechanism, equipped with means for adjusting stiffness |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US9354607B2 (en) | 2016-05-31 |
CN104850000A (en) | 2015-08-19 |
RU2590873C1 (en) | 2016-07-10 |
HK1213650A1 (en) | 2016-07-08 |
JP5957107B2 (en) | 2016-07-27 |
JP2015152603A (en) | 2015-08-24 |
US20150234352A1 (en) | 2015-08-20 |
CN104850000B (en) | 2017-07-28 |
EP2908187B1 (en) | 2016-10-19 |
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