EP2899699B1 - Method for assessing the authenticity of an identification document - Google Patents

Method for assessing the authenticity of an identification document Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2899699B1
EP2899699B1 EP15151016.1A EP15151016A EP2899699B1 EP 2899699 B1 EP2899699 B1 EP 2899699B1 EP 15151016 A EP15151016 A EP 15151016A EP 2899699 B1 EP2899699 B1 EP 2899699B1
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Prior art keywords
document
image
dimensional
light
transillumination
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2899699A1 (en
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Ralf Grieser
Andreas Wolf
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Bundesdruckerei GmbH
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Bundesdruckerei GmbH
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/06—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency using wave or particle radiation
    • G07D7/12—Visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/20—Testing patterns thereon
    • G07D7/202—Testing patterns thereon using pattern matching
    • G07D7/206—Matching template patterns

Definitions

  • WO 2010/075881 A1 shows an authentication object for an object and/or a person.
  • U.S. 2009/080760 A1 describes how an anti-counterfeiting mark can be formed in a surface of an object, for example by means of a laser.
  • WO 2006/060090 A1 shows a passport reader.
  • Modern identification documents such as ID cards or driver's licenses, often include a credit card-shaped document body, which can consist, for example, of several laminate layers or of a single plastic layer.
  • document checking devices can be used, which scan the surfaces of the identification documents, in particular the surfaces of the document bodies, with white light, almost infrared light at a wavelength of, for example, 900 nm or with UV-A light (UV: ultraviolet) at a Illuminate wavelength of, for example, 365 nm for capturing image data of surfaces of the identification documents.
  • UV-A light UV: ultraviolet
  • Illuminate wavelength of, for example, 365 nm for capturing image data of surfaces of the identification documents.
  • grazing light illumination can also be provided, in which a surface of an identification document is illuminated from the side. Total forgeries of identification documents can be detected in this way.
  • the present invention is based on the knowledge that the above task can be solved by a three-dimensional, ie spatial reconstruction of the document body and a comparison of the three-dimensional reconstruction with a reference image, which can be three-dimensional.
  • the document body is by means of one or more Illuminated light sources.
  • the light passing through the body of the document is captured, for example, by means of an image camera or an image detector and used for three-dimensional reconstruction, for example a gradient-based reconstruction, such as the 3D video method, or by means of laser beam triangulation.
  • changes in the interior of an identification document ie in the interior of the document body, can be detected which can be traced back to an attempt at forgery or to a forgery of the identification document.
  • the invention relates to a method for checking the authenticity of an identification document, which has a document body, with X-raying the document body with a candling light in order to obtain a X-ray image of the document body, generating a three-dimensional image of the document body from the X-ray image and comparing the three-dimensional image of the document body with a reference image to verify the authenticity of the identification document.
  • the body of the document can, for example, comprise a plurality of laminate layers or consist of a single base material layer and, for example, have the shape of a check card.
  • the identification document can be an ID card, a passport, or a driver's license that is machine-readable.
  • the three-dimensional image is generated from the X-ray image using a three-dimensional reconstruction method, in particular using laser triangulation or the 3D vision method.
  • the three-dimensional reconstruction method can in particular be a gradient method, which enables the three-dimensional reconstruction of the document body on the basis of the transmitted light.
  • simple light sources can be used for transilluminating the body of the document, for example a laser or infrared light sources.
  • the reference image is read from a database via a communication network.
  • a communication link can be set up via a communication network to a remote data server, which provides the database in which several of the reference images of, for example, different document bodies or of different identification documents are stored.
  • the document checking device can send a query to the database in order to obtain a reference image of the identification document to be checked.
  • it can be compared with the three-dimensional image of the document body to be checked in order to check the authenticity of the identification document.
  • the reference image and the three-dimensional image are digital.
  • the reference image may be a three-dimensional reference image that is in the form of a digital image file. Accordingly, the three-dimensional reference image can be in the form of a digital image file.
  • the three-dimensional image is generated on the basis of the transmission image.
  • the X-ray image can be recorded by means of an image detector, for example by means of a digital image camera.
  • the reference image is compared area by area with the three-dimensional image in order to detect imperfections within the document body.
  • the check can be concentrated on areas which, based on experience, are suspected of being manipulated. Such areas can be arranged, for example, below a person's picture.
  • a two-dimensional plane within the document body is determined using the three-dimensional image, in particular by means of a projection, the two-dimensional plane being compared with a two-dimensional reference plane of the reference image in order to identify defects within the document body capture.
  • the reference image can provide one or more two-dimensional reference planes, which can be compared with the two-dimensional plane, for example with the two-dimensional projection plane.
  • the two-dimensional plane can also be in the form of digital data.
  • the transmitted light comes from a wavelength range in which the document body is at least partially light-transparent, in particular from an infrared wavelength range or from an ultraviolet wavelength range.
  • the infrared wavelength range can be 900 nm, for example, while the ultraviolet wavelength range can be 335 nm, for example.
  • the transmitted light is generated by means of a laser, in particular an infrared laser or an ultraviolet laser.
  • a laser in particular an infrared laser or an ultraviolet laser.
  • laser triangulation can be used for the three-dimensional reconstruction in order to obtain the three-dimensional image.
  • the laser can scan the body of the document in a line, for example, in order to enable the three-dimensional reconstruction on the basis of the X-ray image.
  • the X-ray image is recorded by means of a light detector or by means of two light detectors that are offset from one another.
  • the light sources can be designed, for example, to emit light in the aforementioned wavelength ranges.
  • the light sources are offset from one another in order in this way to enable a three-dimensional reconstruction of the document body.
  • a three-dimensional gradient method or the 3D vision method can be used.
  • the imperfections present within the document body can, for example, be light-absorbing or light-scattering, as a result of which they can be made visible in the three-dimensional image, which is a three-dimensional reconstruction of the document card body.
  • the invention relates to a document verification device for verifying the authenticity of an identification document which has a document body, with a transmitted light source for also transilluminating the document body a transmitted light, a light detection device for detecting the transmitted light in order to obtain a transmitted image of the document body, and a processor device which is designed to generate a three-dimensional image of the document body from the transmitted image and to compare the three-dimensional image of the document body with a reference image in order to Check the authenticity of the identification document.
  • the document checking device is set up, for example, to carry out the method for checking the authenticity of an identification document.
  • the transmitted light source comprises a laser or an infrared light source or an ultraviolet light source.
  • the light detection device comprises a light detector, in particular an image camera, or at least two light detectors arranged offset to one another, in particular image cameras.
  • the light detector can be a light sensor or a digital imaging camera, for example.
  • the processor device is designed to generate the three-dimensional image from the transmitted image by means of laser triangulation or a 3D vision method.
  • the processor device is designed to use the three-dimensional image to determine a two-dimensional plane within the document body, in particular by means of a projection, and to compare the two-dimensional plane with a two-dimensional reference plane of the reference image in order to detect imperfections within the document body.
  • the invention relates to a computer program with a program code for carrying out the method for checking the authenticity of an identification document when the program code is executed on a computer or on the document checking device.
  • the document verification device 100 includes a transparent document support 101 on which the identification document can be placed.
  • the document checking device also includes a transmitted light source 103, which is arranged below the transparent document support 101 and is designed to emit transmitted light in the direction of the transparent document support 101 in order to transilluminate the document body of the identification document.
  • a light detection device 105 To detect the transmitted light, i.e. the light passing through the document body, a light detection device 105 is provided which records a transmitted image of the document body.
  • the document checking device 100 also includes a processor device 107, which is designed to generate a three-dimensional image of the document body from the X-ray image and to compare the three-dimensional image of the document body with a reference image, for example a three-dimensional reference image, in order to check the authenticity of the identification document.
  • a processor device 107 which is designed to generate a three-dimensional image of the document body from the X-ray image and to compare the three-dimensional image of the document body with a reference image, for example a three-dimensional reference image, in order to check the authenticity of the identification document.
  • the transmitted light source 103 can be, for example, a laser or an infrared light source with a wavelength of, for example, 900 nm or an ultraviolet light source with a wavelength of, for example, 365 nm.
  • the light detection device 105 comprises a light detector, for example a digital imaging camera. So that the document body can nevertheless be completely X-rayed, the document support 101 can be laterally movable in order to guide the identification document past the light detection device 105, as a result of which different areas of the document body can be X-rayed and detected.
  • the light detection device 105 can comprise two light detectors, for example digital image cameras, which are arranged offset relative to one another.
  • the light detectors can pick up light from different directions and thus detect the body of the document.
  • the document table 101 may be stationary.
  • the document support 101 can also be movable in this case.
  • the light detection device 105 is designed to transfer the X-ray image to the processor device 107 in the form of digital image data.
  • the processor device 107 is designed to three-dimensionally reconstruct the document body on the basis of the X-ray image, i.e. to generate a three-dimensional image of the document body.
  • the processor device 107 can be designed to carry out a gradient method, such as the 3D vision method, or (laser) triangulation.
  • the light detection device 105 comprises two light detectors 201 and 203 arranged offset to one another.
  • the light detectors 201 and 203 can be digital imaging cameras, for example.
  • the three-dimensional image of the document body generated or calculated by the processor device 107 is compared with a reference image in order to detect any imperfections or disturbances within the document body.
  • the faults or imperfections can be formed, for example, by light-absorbing or light-scattering areas within the body of the document, which can be traced back to one or more attempts at manipulation.
  • the reference image is stored in a database 205, which can be reached via a communication network.
  • the document verification device 100 can have an in 1 have a communication interface, not shown, in order to use the Communication network, for example via the Internet to access the remote database 205.
  • an identification document 207 which is based on an in 2 document support, not shown, is irradiated on the back by means of the transmitted light source 103 (backlight).
  • the transmitted light source 103 can generate an infrared light and emit this in the direction of the identification document 207 in order to transilluminate the body of the document.
  • the light detectors 201 and 203 which are arranged offset to one another, detect the light passing through the document body from two different directions in order to obtain the transmitted image, which is evaluated by the processor device 107.
  • the processor device 107 can, for example, use a three-dimensional gradient method such as the 3D vision method in order to three-dimensionally reconstruct the document body and thus obtain the three-dimensional image of the document body.
  • the three-dimensional image is compared with the reference image in order to check the authenticity of the identification document 207.
  • the result of the check can be transmitted, for example via a communication network, to an application which can require the result of the authenticity check.
  • An exemplary application can be carried out, for example, at a border control.
  • the transmitted light source 103 includes a laser 301.
  • the light detection device 105 includes according to in 3 illustrated embodiment a single light detector 303, which can be, for example, a digital imaging camera.
  • the identification document 207 is, for example, in 3 moves in the direction indicated by an arrow at a speed v relative to the laser 301 and relative to the light detector 303 .
  • the in 3 document support not shown, can be moved or moved.
  • the laser 301 shines through the identification document 207 with its document body using a laser light that is projected in a line, for example.
  • the laser light can project other configurations such as dots, crosses, waves and the like. In this way it is possible to use the three-dimensional information for generating the three-dimensional image of the document body with a single light detector 303.
  • the processor device 107 can carry out laser triangulation, for example. Further process steps can, as in connection with the in 1 and 2 described embodiments illustrated, are carried out.
  • the document verification device can, in accordance with the Figures 1 to 3 illustrated embodiments may be formed that in 4 carry out the method shown for checking the authenticity of an identification document.
  • the method comprises x-raying 401 the body of the document with a candescent light to obtain a x-ray image of the document body, generating 403 a three-dimensional image of the document body from the x-ray image and comparing 405 the three-dimensional image of the document body to a reference image in order to verify the authenticity of the identification document check over.
  • One advantage of the concept described above is that structural manipulations of an identification document, which, for example, vary the spatial positions within the body of the document, can be detected.
  • disturbances that are not to be expected in the vicinity of components of the document body, which are light-absorbing, for example, can be detected.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Inspection Of Paper Currency And Valuable Securities (AREA)

Description

Die Offenlegungsschrift WO 2010/075881 A1 zeigt ein Authentifizierungsobjekt für einen Gegenstand und/oder eine Person.The disclosure document WO 2010/075881 A1 shows an authentication object for an object and/or a person.

Die Offenlegungsschrift US 2009/080760 A1 beschreibt, wie zum Beispiel mittels eines Lasers eine Anti-Fälschungsmarkierung in einer Oberfläche eines Objekts ausgebildet werden kann.The disclosure document U.S. 2009/080760 A1 describes how an anti-counterfeiting mark can be formed in a surface of an object, for example by means of a laser.

Die Offenlegungsschrift WO 2006/060090 A1 zeigt ein Reisepass-Lesegerät.The disclosure document WO 2006/060090 A1 shows a passport reader.

Das Dokument " Christoph Busch, Alexander Nouak: "3D Face recognition for unattended border control", Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Security & Management, 17. Juli 2008, XP002740068 " zeigt eine dreidimensionale Gesichtserkennung im Zusammenhang mit Grenzkontrollen. Weiterer Stand der Technik kann in der US6728593B2 , das die Präambel des Hauptanspruches offenbart, gefunden werden.The document " Christoph Busch, Alexander Nouak: "3D Face recognition for unattended border control", Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Security & Management, July 17, 2008, XP002740068 " shows a three-dimensional face recognition in connection with border controls. Further prior art can be found in the US6728593B2 which discloses the preamble of the main claim can be found.

Moderne Identifikationsdokumente, wie beispielsweise Personalausweise oder Führerscheine, umfassen oft einen scheckkartenförmigen Dokumentenkörper, welcher beispielsweise aus mehreren Laminatschichten oder aus einer einzigen Kunststoffschicht bestehen kann.Modern identification documents, such as ID cards or driver's licenses, often include a credit card-shaped document body, which can consist, for example, of several laminate layers or of a single plastic layer.

Zur Überprüfung der Echtheit eines derartigen Identifikationsdokumentes können Dokumentenprüfgeräte eingesetzt werden, welche die Oberflächen der Identifikationsdokumente, insbesondere die Oberflächen der Dokumentenkörper, mit Weißlicht, nahezu Infrarotlicht bei einer Wellenlänge von beispielsweise 900 nm oder mit UV-A-Licht (UV: Ultraviolett) bei einer Wellenlänge von beispielsweise 365 nm zur Erfassung von Bilddaten von Oberflächen der Identifikationsdokumente beleuchten. Zur Visualisierung von Oberflächenstrukturen kann zusätzlich eine Streiflichtbeleuchtung vorgesehen werden, bei welcher eine Oberfläche eines Identifikationsdokumentes seitlich beleuchtet wird. Auf diese Weise können Totalfälschungen von Identifikationsdokumenten erkannt werden.To check the authenticity of such an identification document, document checking devices can be used, which scan the surfaces of the identification documents, in particular the surfaces of the document bodies, with white light, almost infrared light at a wavelength of, for example, 900 nm or with UV-A light (UV: ultraviolet) at a Illuminate wavelength of, for example, 365 nm for capturing image data of surfaces of the identification documents. In order to visualize surface structures, grazing light illumination can also be provided, in which a surface of an identification document is illuminated from the side. Total forgeries of identification documents can be detected in this way.

Verfälschungen von Identifikationsdokumenten, bei denen beispielsweise nur Teile einer Personalisierung oder eines Gesichtsbildes ausgetauscht wurden, verursachen zwar oft Spuren innerhalb des Dokumentenkörpers. Derartige Verfälschungen sind jedoch oft nicht an den Oberflächen sichtbar und sind daher in der Regel schwierig zu erfassen.Falsifications of identification documents, in which, for example, only parts of a personalization or a facial image have been exchanged, often leave traces within the body of the document. However, such falsifications are often not visible on the surfaces and are therefore usually difficult to detect.

Es ist daher die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein einfaches Konzept zur Überprüfung einer Echtheit eines Identifikationsdokumentes zu schaffen, mit dem Manipulationsspuren innerhalb eines Dokumentenkörpers eines Identifikationsdokumentes erkannt werden können.It is therefore the object of the present invention to create a simple concept for checking the authenticity of an identification document, with which traces of manipulation within a document body of an identification document can be detected.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungsformen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche, der Beschreibung sowie der beiliegenden Figuren.This object is solved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous forms of development are the subject matter of the dependent claims, the description and the accompanying figures.

Die vorliegende Erfindung basiert auf der Erkenntnis, dass die obige Aufgabe durch eine dreidimensionale, d.h. räumliche Rekonstruktion des Dokumentenkörpers und einen Vergleich der dreidimensionalen Rekonstruktion mit einem Referenzbild, das dreidimensional sein kann, gelöst werden kann. Zum Rekonstruieren des Dokumentenkörpers wird der Dokumentenkörper mittels einer oder mehrerer Leuchtquellen durchleuchtet. Das durch den Dokumentenkörper hindurchtretende Licht wird beispielsweise mittels einer Bildkamera oder eines Bilddetektors erfasst und zur dreidimensionalen Rekonstruktion, beispielsweise einer gradientenbasierten Rekonstruktion, wie beispielsweise dem 3D-Video-Verfahren, oder mittels der Laserbündel-Triangulation verwendet. Auf diese Weise können Veränderungen im Inneren eines Identifikationsdokumentes, d.h. im Inneren des Dokumentenkörpers, erfasst werden, welche auf einen Fälschungsversuch oder auf eine Fälschung des Identifikationsdokumentes zurückzuführen sind.The present invention is based on the knowledge that the above task can be solved by a three-dimensional, ie spatial reconstruction of the document body and a comparison of the three-dimensional reconstruction with a reference image, which can be three-dimensional. To reconstruct the document body, the document body is by means of one or more Illuminated light sources. The light passing through the body of the document is captured, for example, by means of an image camera or an image detector and used for three-dimensional reconstruction, for example a gradient-based reconstruction, such as the 3D video method, or by means of laser beam triangulation. In this way, changes in the interior of an identification document, ie in the interior of the document body, can be detected which can be traced back to an attempt at forgery or to a forgery of the identification document.

Gemäß einem Aspekt betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zum Überprüfen der Echtheit eines Identifikationsdokumentes, das einen Dokumentenkörper aufweist, mit Durchleuchten des Dokumentenkörpers mit einem Durchleuchtlicht, um ein Durchleuchtbild des Dokumentenkörpers zu erhalten, Erzeugen einer dreidimensionalen Abbildung des Dokumentenkörpers aus dem Durchleuchtbild und Vergleichen der dreidimensionalen Abbildung des Dokumentenkörpers mit einer Referenzabbildung, um die Echtheit des Identifikationsdokumentes zu überprüfen.According to one aspect, the invention relates to a method for checking the authenticity of an identification document, which has a document body, with X-raying the document body with a candling light in order to obtain a X-ray image of the document body, generating a three-dimensional image of the document body from the X-ray image and comparing the three-dimensional image of the document body with a reference image to verify the authenticity of the identification document.

Auf diese Weise wird erreicht, dass innerhalb des Dokumentenkörpers erkennbare Manipulationsversuche erfasst werden können. Bei dem Vergleich der dreidimensionalen Abbildung, welche eine Rekonstruktion des Dokumentenkörpers ist, mit der Referenzabbildung können beispielsweise räumliche Störstellen, wie beispielsweise Schnittspuren, Klebespuren oder eingefügte Passbilder, erkannt werden.In this way it is achieved that recognizable attempts at manipulation within the document body can be detected. When comparing the three-dimensional image, which is a reconstruction of the document body, with the reference image, for example, spatial imperfections such as traces of cuts, traces of glue or inserted passport photos can be detected.

Der Dokumentenkörper kann beispielsweise mehrere Laminatschichten umfassen bzw. aus einer einzigen Grundstoffschicht bestehen und beispielsweise die Gestalt einer Scheckkarte aufweisen.The body of the document can, for example, comprise a plurality of laminate layers or consist of a single base material layer and, for example, have the shape of a check card.

Das Identifikationsdokument ist ein Personalausweis, ein Reisepass, oder ein Führerschein sein, der maschinenlesbar ist.The identification document can be an ID card, a passport, or a driver's license that is machine-readable.

Gemäß einer Ausführungsform wird die dreidimensionale Abbildung aus dem Durchleuchtbild mittels eines dreidimensionalen Rekonstruktionsverfahrens, insbesondere mittels der Laser-Triangulation oder des 3D-Vision-Verfahrens, erzeugt. Das dreidimensionale Rekonstruktionsverfahren kann insbesondere ein Gradientenverfahren sein, das die dreidimensionale Rekonstruktion des Dokumentenkörpers auf der Basis des Durchleuchtlichts ermöglicht. Auf diese Weise können einfache Lichtquellen zum Durchleuchten des Dokumentenkörpers, beispielweise ein Laser oder Infrarotlichtquellen, verwendet werden.According to one embodiment, the three-dimensional image is generated from the X-ray image using a three-dimensional reconstruction method, in particular using laser triangulation or the 3D vision method. The three-dimensional reconstruction method can in particular be a gradient method, which enables the three-dimensional reconstruction of the document body on the basis of the transmitted light. In this way simple light sources can be used for transilluminating the body of the document, for example a laser or infrared light sources.

Gemäß einer Ausführungsform wird im Schritt des Vergleichens die Referenzabbildung über ein Kommunikationsnetzwerk aus einer Datenbank ausgelesen. Hierbei kann eine Kommunikationsverbindung über ein Kommunikationsnetzwerk zu einem entfernten Datenserver aufgebaut werden, welcher die Datenbank bereitstellt, in welcher mehrere der Referenzabbildungen von beispielsweise unterschiedlichen Dokumentenkörpern bzw. von unterschiedlichen Identifikationsdokumenten abgespeichert sind. Wird das Verfahren mittels eines stationären Dokumentenprüfgerätes durchgeführt, so kann das Dokumentenprüfgerät an die Datenbank eine Anfrage aussenden, um eine Referenzabbildung des zu prüfenden Identifikationsdokumentes zu erhalten. Ansprechend auf einen Empfang der angefragten Referenzabbildung über das Kommunikationsnetzwerk kann diese mit der dreidimensionalen Abbildung des zu prüfenden Dokumentenkörpers verglichen werden, um das Identifikationsdokument auf Echtheit zu prüfen.According to one embodiment, in the step of comparing, the reference image is read from a database via a communication network. In this case, a communication link can be set up via a communication network to a remote data server, which provides the database in which several of the reference images of, for example, different document bodies or of different identification documents are stored. If the method is carried out using a stationary document checking device, the document checking device can send a query to the database in order to obtain a reference image of the identification document to be checked. In response to receipt of the requested reference image via the communication network, it can be compared with the three-dimensional image of the document body to be checked in order to check the authenticity of the identification document.

Gemäß einer Ausführungsform sind die Referenzabbildung und die dreidimensionale Abbildung digital. Die Referenzabbildung kann eine dreidimensionale Referenzabbildung sein, welche in der Gestalt einer digitalen Bilddatei vorliegt. Entsprechend kann die dreidimensionale Referenzabbildung in der Gestalt einer digitalen Bilddatei vorliegen.According to one embodiment, the reference image and the three-dimensional image are digital. The reference image may be a three-dimensional reference image that is in the form of a digital image file. Accordingly, the three-dimensional reference image can be in the form of a digital image file.

Die dreidimensionale Abbildung wird auf der Basis des Durchleuchtbildes erzeugt. Hierbei kann das Durchleuchtbild mittels eines Bilddetektors, beispielsweise mittels einer digitalen Bildkamera, aufgenommen werden.The three-dimensional image is generated on the basis of the transmission image. In this case, the X-ray image can be recorded by means of an image detector, for example by means of a digital image camera.

Gemäß einer Ausführungsform wird die Referenzabbildung mit der dreidimensionalen Abbildung bereichsweise verglichen, um Störstellen innerhalb des Dokumentenkörpers zu erfassen. Auf diese Weise kann die Überprüfung auf Bereiche konzentriert werden, welche erfahrungsgemäß manipulationsverdächtig sind. Derartige Bereiche können beispielsweise unterhalb eines Personenbildes angeordnet sein.According to one embodiment, the reference image is compared area by area with the three-dimensional image in order to detect imperfections within the document body. In this way, the check can be concentrated on areas which, based on experience, are suspected of being manipulated. Such areas can be arranged, for example, below a person's picture.

Gemäß einer Ausführungsform wird im Schritt des Vergleichens anhand der dreidimensionalen Abbildung eine zweidimensionale Ebene innerhalb des Dokumentenkörpers bestimmt, insbesondere mittels einer Projektion, wobei die zweidimensionale Ebene mit einer zweidimensionalen Referenzebene der Referenzabbildung verglichen wird, um Störstellen innerhalb des Dokumentenkörpers zu erfassen. In diesem Falle kann die Referenzabbildung eine oder mehrere zweidimensionale Referenzebenen bereitstellen, welche mit der zweidimensionalen Ebene, beispielsweise mit der zweidimensionalen Projektionsebene, verglichen werden können. Die zweidimensionale Ebene kann ebenfalls in der Gestalt von digitalen Daten vorliegen.According to one embodiment, in the comparison step, a two-dimensional plane within the document body is determined using the three-dimensional image, in particular by means of a projection, the two-dimensional plane being compared with a two-dimensional reference plane of the reference image in order to identify defects within the document body capture. In this case, the reference image can provide one or more two-dimensional reference planes, which can be compared with the two-dimensional plane, for example with the two-dimensional projection plane. The two-dimensional plane can also be in the form of digital data.

Gemäß einer Ausführungsform stammt das Durchleuchtlicht aus einem Wellenlängenbereich, bei dem der Dokumentenkörper zumindest teilweise lichttransparent ist, insbesondere aus einem Infrarot-Wellenlängenbereich oder aus einem Ultraviolett-Wellenlängenbereich. Der Infrarot-Wellenlängenbereich kann beispielsweise bei 900 nm liegen, während der Ultraviolett-Wellenlängenbereich bei beispielsweise 335 nm liegen kann.According to one embodiment, the transmitted light comes from a wavelength range in which the document body is at least partially light-transparent, in particular from an infrared wavelength range or from an ultraviolet wavelength range. The infrared wavelength range can be 900 nm, for example, while the ultraviolet wavelength range can be 335 nm, for example.

Gemäß einer Ausführungsform wird das Durchleuchtlicht mittels eines Lasers, insbesondere eines Infrarotlaser oder eines Ultraviolettlasers, erzeugt. Zur dreidimensionalen Rekonstruktion kann hierbei beispielsweise auf die Laser-Triangulation zurückgegriffen werden, um die dreidimensionale Abbildung zu erhalten. Hierbei kann der Laser den Dokumentenkörper beispielsweise zeilenförmig abtasten, um die dreidimensionale Rekonstruktion auf der Basis des Durchleuchtbildes zu ermöglichen.According to one embodiment, the transmitted light is generated by means of a laser, in particular an infrared laser or an ultraviolet laser. For example, laser triangulation can be used for the three-dimensional reconstruction in order to obtain the three-dimensional image. In this case, the laser can scan the body of the document in a line, for example, in order to enable the three-dimensional reconstruction on the basis of the X-ray image.

Gemäß einer Ausführungsform wird das Durchleuchtbild mittels eines Lichtdetektors oder mittels zwei versetzt zueinander angeordneter Lichtdetektoren erfasst. Die Lichtquellen können beispielsweise ausgebildet sein, Licht in den vorgenannten Wellenlängenbereichen auszustrahlen. Die Lichtquellen sind versetzt zueinander angeordnet, um auf diese Weise eine dreidimensionale Rekonstruktion des Dokumentenkörpers zu ermöglichen. Hierbei kann beispielsweise auf ein dreidimensionales Gradientenverfahren bzw. auf das 3D-Vision-Verfahren zurückgegriffen werden.According to one embodiment, the X-ray image is recorded by means of a light detector or by means of two light detectors that are offset from one another. The light sources can be designed, for example, to emit light in the aforementioned wavelength ranges. The light sources are offset from one another in order in this way to enable a three-dimensional reconstruction of the document body. Here, for example, a three-dimensional gradient method or the 3D vision method can be used.

Die innerhalb des Dokumentenkörpers vorhandenen Störstellen können beispielsweise lichtabsorbierend oder lichtstreuend sein, wodurch sie in der dreidimensionalen Abbildung, welche eine dreidimensionale Rekonstruktion des Dokumentenkartenkörpers ist, sichtbar gemacht werden können.The imperfections present within the document body can, for example, be light-absorbing or light-scattering, as a result of which they can be made visible in the three-dimensional image, which is a three-dimensional reconstruction of the document card body.

Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt betrifft die Erfindung ein Dokumentenprüfgerät zur Überprüfung der Echtheit eines Identifikationsdokumentes, das einen Dokumentenkörper aufweist, mit einer Durchlichtquelle zum Durchleuchten des Dokumentenkörpers mit einem Durchleuchtlicht, einer Lichtdetektionseinrichtung zum Erfassen des Durchleuchtlichts, um ein Durchleuchtbild des Dokumentenkörpers zu erhalten, und einer Prozessoreinrichtung, welche ausgebildet ist, eine dreidimensionale Abbildung des Dokumentenkörpers aus dem Durchleuchtbild zu erzeugen und die dreidimensionale Abbildung des Dokumentenkörpers mit einer Referenzabbildung zu vergleichen, um die Echtheit des Identifikationsdokumentes zu überprüfen.According to a further aspect, the invention relates to a document verification device for verifying the authenticity of an identification document which has a document body, with a transmitted light source for also transilluminating the document body a transmitted light, a light detection device for detecting the transmitted light in order to obtain a transmitted image of the document body, and a processor device which is designed to generate a three-dimensional image of the document body from the transmitted image and to compare the three-dimensional image of the document body with a reference image in order to Check the authenticity of the identification document.

Das Dokumentenprüfgerät ist beispielsweise eingerichtet, das Verfahren zum Überprüfen der Echtheit eines Identifikationsdokumentes auszuführen.The document checking device is set up, for example, to carry out the method for checking the authenticity of an identification document.

Gemäß einer Ausführungsform umfasst die Durchlichtquelle einen Laser oder eine Infrarot-Lichtquelle oder eine Ultraviolett-Lichtquelle.According to one embodiment, the transmitted light source comprises a laser or an infrared light source or an ultraviolet light source.

Gemäß einer Ausführungsform umfasst die Lichtdetektionseinrichtung einen Lichtdetektor, insbesondere eine Bildkamera, oder zumindest zwei versetzt zueinander angeordnete Lichtdetektoren, insbesondere Bildkameras. Der Lichtdetektor kann beispielsweise ein Lichtsensor oder eine digitale Bildkamera sein.According to one embodiment, the light detection device comprises a light detector, in particular an image camera, or at least two light detectors arranged offset to one another, in particular image cameras. The light detector can be a light sensor or a digital imaging camera, for example.

Gemäß einer Ausführungsform ist die Prozessoreinrichtung ausgebildet, die dreidimensionale Abbildung aus dem Durchleuchtbild mittels einer Laser-Triangulation oder eines 3D-Vision-Verfahrens zu erzeugen.According to one embodiment, the processor device is designed to generate the three-dimensional image from the transmitted image by means of laser triangulation or a 3D vision method.

Gemäß einer Ausführungsform ist die Prozessoreinrichtung ausgebildet, anhand der dreidimensionalen Abbildung eine zweidimensionale Ebene innerhalb des Dokumentenkörpers zu bestimmen, insbesondere mittels einer Projektion, und die zweidimensionale Ebene mit einer zweidimensionalen Referenzebene der Referenzabbildung zu vergleichen, um Störstellen innerhalb des Dokumentenkörpers zu erfassen.According to one embodiment, the processor device is designed to use the three-dimensional image to determine a two-dimensional plane within the document body, in particular by means of a projection, and to compare the two-dimensional plane with a two-dimensional reference plane of the reference image in order to detect imperfections within the document body.

Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt betrifft die Erfindung ein Computerprogramm mit einem Programmcode zum Durchführen des Verfahrens zum Überprüfen der Echtheit eines Identifikationsdokumentes, wenn der Programmcode auf einem Computer oder auf dem Dokumentenprüfgerät ausgeführt wird.According to a further aspect, the invention relates to a computer program with a program code for carrying out the method for checking the authenticity of an identification document when the program code is executed on a computer or on the document checking device.

Weitere Ausführungsbeispiele werden Bezug nehmend auf die beiliegenden Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
ein schematisches Bild eines Dokumentenprüfgerätes gemäß einer Ausführungsform;
Fig. 2
ein schematisches Bild eines Dokumentenprüfgerätes gemäß einer Ausführungsform;
Fig. 3
ein schematisches Bild eines Dokumentenprüfgerätes gemäß einer Ausführungsform; und
Fig. 4
ein Ablaufdiagramm eines Verfahrens zum Überprüfen der Echtheit eines Identifikationsdokumentes gemäß einer Ausführungsform.
Further exemplary embodiments are explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
1
a schematic image of a document verification device according to an embodiment;
2
a schematic image of a document verification device according to an embodiment;
3
a schematic image of a document verification device according to an embodiment; and
4
a flow chart of a method for checking the authenticity of an identification document according to an embodiment.

Fig. 1 zeigt ein schematisches Bild eines Dokumentenprüfgerätes 100 zur Überprüfung der Echtheit eines Identifikationsdokumentes, das einen Dokumentenkörper aufweist. Das Dokumentenprüfgerät 100 umfasst eine transparente Dokumentenauflage 101, auf welche das Identifikationsdokument auflegbar ist. Ferner umfasst das Dokumentenprüfgerät eine Durchlichtquelle 103, welche unterhalb der transparenten Dokumentenauflage 101 angeordnet ist und ausgebildet ist, ein Durchlicht in Richtung der transparenten Dokumentenauflage 101 auszusenden, um den Dokumentenkörper des Identifikationsdokumentes zu durchleuchten. 1 shows a schematic image of a document checking device 100 for checking the authenticity of an identification document which has a document body. The document verification device 100 includes a transparent document support 101 on which the identification document can be placed. The document checking device also includes a transmitted light source 103, which is arranged below the transparent document support 101 and is designed to emit transmitted light in the direction of the transparent document support 101 in order to transilluminate the document body of the identification document.

Zur Erfassung des Durchleuchtlichts, d.h. des durch den Dokumentenkörper hindurchtretenden Lichts, ist eine Lichtdetektionseinrichtung 105 vorgesehen, welche ein Durchleuchtbild des Dokumentenkörpers aufnimmt.To detect the transmitted light, i.e. the light passing through the document body, a light detection device 105 is provided which records a transmitted image of the document body.

Das Dokumentenprüfgerät 100 umfasst ferner eine Prozessoreinrichtung 107, welche ausgebildet ist, eine dreidimensionale Abbildung des Dokumentenkörpers aus dem Durchleuchtbild zu erzeugen und die dreidimensionale Abbildung des Dokumentenkörpers mit einer Referenzabbildung, beispielsweise mit einer dreidimensionalen Referenzabbildung, zu vergleichen, um die Echtheit des Identifikationsdokumentes zu überprüfen.The document checking device 100 also includes a processor device 107, which is designed to generate a three-dimensional image of the document body from the X-ray image and to compare the three-dimensional image of the document body with a reference image, for example a three-dimensional reference image, in order to check the authenticity of the identification document.

Die Durchlichtquelle 103 kann beispielsweise ein Laser oder eine Infrarot-Lichtquelle mit einer Wellenlänge von beispielsweise 900 nm oder eine Ultraviolett-Lichtquelle mit einer Wellenlänge von beispielsweise 365 nm sein.The transmitted light source 103 can be, for example, a laser or an infrared light source with a wavelength of, for example, 900 nm or an ultraviolet light source with a wavelength of, for example, 365 nm.

Gemäß einer Ausführungsform umfasst die Lichtdetektionseinrichtung 105 einen Lichtdetektor, beispielsweise eine digitale Bildkamera. Damit der Dokumentenkörper dennoch vollständig durchleuchtet werden kann, kann die Dokumentenauflage 101 seitlich bewegbar sein, um das Identifikationsdokument an der Lichtdetektionseinrichtung 105 vorbeizuführen, wodurch unterschiedliche Bereiche des Dokumentenkörpers durchleuchtet und erfasst werden können.According to one embodiment, the light detection device 105 comprises a light detector, for example a digital imaging camera. So that the document body can nevertheless be completely X-rayed, the document support 101 can be laterally movable in order to guide the identification document past the light detection device 105, as a result of which different areas of the document body can be X-rayed and detected.

Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform kann die Lichtdetektionseinrichtung 105 zwei versetzt zueinander angeordnete Lichtdetektoren, beispielsweise digitale Bildkameras, umfassen. In diesem Falle können die Lichtdetektoren Licht aus unterschiedlichen Richtungen aufnehmen und so den Dokumentenkörper erfassen. Hierbei kann die Dokumentenauflage 101 stationär sein. Die Dokumentenauflage 101 kann jedoch auch in diesem Falle verfahrbar sein.According to a further embodiment, the light detection device 105 can comprise two light detectors, for example digital image cameras, which are arranged offset relative to one another. In this case, the light detectors can pick up light from different directions and thus detect the body of the document. Here, the document table 101 may be stationary. However, the document support 101 can also be movable in this case.

Die Lichtdetektionseinrichtung 105 ist ausgebildet, das Durchleuchtbild gemäß einer Ausführungsform in Form von digitalen Bilddaten an die Prozessoreinrichtung 107 zu übergeben. Die Prozessoreinrichtung 107 ist ausgebildet, auf der Basis des Durchleuchtbildes den Dokumentenkörper dreidimensional zu rekonstruieren, d.h. eine dreidimensionale Abbildung des Dokumentenkörpers zu erzeugen. Hierbei kann die Prozessoreinrichtung 107 ausgebildet sein, ein Gradientenverfahren, wie beispielsweise das 3D-Vision-Verfahren, oder eine (Laser-)Triangulation durchzuführen.According to one embodiment, the light detection device 105 is designed to transfer the X-ray image to the processor device 107 in the form of digital image data. The processor device 107 is designed to three-dimensionally reconstruct the document body on the basis of the X-ray image, i.e. to generate a three-dimensional image of the document body. In this case, the processor device 107 can be designed to carry out a gradient method, such as the 3D vision method, or (laser) triangulation.

Fig. 2 zeigt ein schematisches Bild eines Dokumentenprüfgerätes, bei dem die Lichtdetektionseinrichtung 105 zwei zueinander versetzt angeordnete Lichtdetektoren 201 und 203 umfasst. Die Lichtdetektoren 201 und 203 können beispielsweise digitale Bildkameras sein. 2 shows a schematic image of a document checking device, in which the light detection device 105 comprises two light detectors 201 and 203 arranged offset to one another. The light detectors 201 and 203 can be digital imaging cameras, for example.

Die durch die Prozessoreinrichtung 107 erzeugte bzw. errechnete dreidimensionale Abbildung des Dokumentenkörpers wird mit einer Referenzabbildung verglichen, um etwaige Störstellen oder Störungen innerhalb des Dokumentenkörpers zu detektieren. Die Störungen bzw. Störstellen können beispielsweise durch lichtabsorbierende bzw. lichtstreuende Bereiche innerhalb des Dokumentenkörpers gebildet sein, welche auf einen oder mehrere Manipulationsversuche zurückzuführen sind. Gemäß einer Ausführungsform ist die Referenzabbildung in einer Datenbank 205 abgelegt, welche über ein Kommunikationsnetzwerk erreichbar ist. Hierzu kann das Dokumentenprüfgerät 100 eine in Fig. 1 nicht dargestellte Kommunikationsschnittstelle aufweisen, um über das Kommunikationsnetzwerk, beispielsweise über Internet, auf die entfernte Datenbank 205 zuzugreifen.The three-dimensional image of the document body generated or calculated by the processor device 107 is compared with a reference image in order to detect any imperfections or disturbances within the document body. The faults or imperfections can be formed, for example, by light-absorbing or light-scattering areas within the body of the document, which can be traced back to one or more attempts at manipulation. According to one embodiment, the reference image is stored in a database 205, which can be reached via a communication network. For this purpose, the document verification device 100 can have an in 1 have a communication interface, not shown, in order to use the Communication network, for example via the Internet to access the remote database 205.

In dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel wird ein Identifikationsdokument 207, das auf einer in Fig. 2 nicht dargestellten Dokumentenauflage angeordnet ist, rückseitig mittels der Durchlichtquelle 103 durchstrahlt (Backlight). Hierzu kann die Durchlichtquelle 103 ein Infrarotlicht erzeugen und dieses in Richtung des Identifikationsdokumentes 207 ausstrahlen, um dessen Dokumentenkörper zu durchleuchten. Die versetzt zueinander angeordneten Lichtdetektoren 201 und 203 erfassen das durch den Dokumentenkörper hindurchtretende Licht aus zwei verschiedenen Richtungen, um das Durchleuchtbild zu erhalten, das mittels der Prozessoreinrichtung 107 ausgewertet wird. Hierbei kann die Prozessoreinrichtung 107 beispielsweise auf ein dreidimensionales Gradientenverfahren wie das 3D-Vision-Verfahren zurückgreifen, um den Dokumentenkörper dreidimensional zu rekonstruieren und somit die dreidimensionale Abbildung des Dokumentenkörpers zu erhalten. Die dreidimensionale Abbildung wird mit der Referenzabbildung verglichen, um die Echtheit des Identifikationsdokumentes 207 zu überprüfen. Hierbei kann das Ergebnis der Überprüfung beispielsweise über ein Kommunikationsnetzwerk an eine Anwendung übermittelt werden, welche das Ergebnis der Echtheitsüberprüfung benötigen kann. Eine beispielhafte Anwendung kann beispielsweise bei einer Grenzkontrolle ausgeführt werden.in the in 2 illustrated embodiment, an identification document 207, which is based on an in 2 document support, not shown, is irradiated on the back by means of the transmitted light source 103 (backlight). For this purpose, the transmitted light source 103 can generate an infrared light and emit this in the direction of the identification document 207 in order to transilluminate the body of the document. The light detectors 201 and 203, which are arranged offset to one another, detect the light passing through the document body from two different directions in order to obtain the transmitted image, which is evaluated by the processor device 107. In this case, the processor device 107 can, for example, use a three-dimensional gradient method such as the 3D vision method in order to three-dimensionally reconstruct the document body and thus obtain the three-dimensional image of the document body. The three-dimensional image is compared with the reference image in order to check the authenticity of the identification document 207. In this case, the result of the check can be transmitted, for example via a communication network, to an application which can require the result of the authenticity check. An exemplary application can be carried out, for example, at a border control.

Fig. 3 zeigt ein schematisches Bild eines Dokumentenprüfgerätes gemäß einer Ausführungsform. Hierbei umfasst die Durchlichtquelle 103 einen Laser 301. Die Lichtdetektionseinrichtung 105 umfasst gemäß dem in Fig. 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel einen einzigen Lichtdetektor 303, welcher beispielsweise eine digitale Bildkamera sein kann. 3 12 shows a schematic image of a document verification device according to an embodiment. Here, the transmitted light source 103 includes a laser 301. The light detection device 105 includes according to in 3 illustrated embodiment a single light detector 303, which can be, for example, a digital imaging camera.

Damit der Dokumentenkörper des Identifikationsdokumentes 207 beispielsweise entweder bereichsweise oder insgesamt durchleuchtet werden kann, wird das Identifikationsdokument 207 beispielsweise in die in Fig. 3 mittels eines Pfeiles angedeutete Richtung mit einer Geschwindigkeit v relativ zu dem Laser 301 sowie relativ zu dem Lichtdetektor 303 bewegt. Hierzu kann die in Fig. 3 nicht dargestellte Dokumentenauflage bewegbar bzw. verfahrbar sein. Der Laser 301 durchleuchtet das Identifikationsdokument 207 mit seinem Dokumentenkörper mittels eines Laserlichts, das beispielsweise in einer Linie projiziert wird. Das Laserlicht kann jedoch andere Anordnungen projizieren, wie beispielsweise Punkte, Kreuze, Wellen und dergleichen. Auf diese Weise wird ermöglicht, die dreidimensionale Information zur Erzeugung der dreidimensionalen Abbildung des Dokumentenkörpers mit einem einzigen Lichtdetektor 303 zu erzeugen.So that the document body of the identification document 207 can be X-rayed, for example either in areas or as a whole, the identification document 207 is, for example, in 3 moves in the direction indicated by an arrow at a speed v relative to the laser 301 and relative to the light detector 303 . For this purpose, the in 3 document support, not shown, can be moved or moved. The laser 301 shines through the identification document 207 with its document body using a laser light that is projected in a line, for example. However, the laser light can project other configurations such as dots, crosses, waves and the like. In this way it is possible to use the three-dimensional information for generating the three-dimensional image of the document body with a single light detector 303.

Zur Erzeugung der dreidimensionalen Abbildung kann die Prozessoreinrichtung 107 beispielsweise die Lasertriangulation durchführen. Weitere Prozessschritte können, wie im Zusammenhang mit den in Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen beschrieben, durchgeführt werden.To generate the three-dimensional image, the processor device 107 can carry out laser triangulation, for example. Further process steps can, as in connection with the in 1 and 2 described embodiments illustrated, are carried out.

Das Dokumentenprüfgerät kann gemäß den in den Fig. 1 bis 3 dargestellten Ausführungsformen ausgebildet sein, das in Fig. 4 dargestellte Verfahren zur Überprüfung der Echtheit eines Identifikationsdokumentes auszuführen. Das Verfahren umfasst das Durchleuchten 401 des Dokumentenkörpers mit einem Durchleuchtlicht, um ein Durchleuchtbild des Dokumentenkörpers zu erhalten, das Erzeugen 403 einer dreidimensionalen Abbildung des Dokumentenkörpers aus dem Durchleuchtbild und das Vergleichen 405 der dreidimensionalen Abbildung des Dokumentenkörpers mit einer Referenzabbildung, um die Echtheit des Identifikationsdokumentes zu überprüfen.The document verification device can, in accordance with the Figures 1 to 3 illustrated embodiments may be formed that in 4 carry out the method shown for checking the authenticity of an identification document. The method comprises x-raying 401 the body of the document with a candescent light to obtain a x-ray image of the document body, generating 403 a three-dimensional image of the document body from the x-ray image and comparing 405 the three-dimensional image of the document body to a reference image in order to verify the authenticity of the identification document check over.

Weitere Verfahrensschritte können, wie vorstehend im Zusammenhang mit den in den Fig. 1 bis 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen beschrieben, ausgeführt werden.Further process steps can, as above in connection with in the Figures 1 to 3 described embodiments illustrated, are executed.

Ein Vorteil des vorstehend beschriebenen Konzeptes besteht darin, dass strukturelle Manipulationen an einem Identifikationsdokument, welche beispielsweise die räumlichen Positionen innerhalb des Dokumentenkörpers variieren, erkannt werden können. Darüber hinaus können nicht zu erwartende Störungen im Umfeld von Komponenten des Dokumentenkörpers, welche beispielsweise lichtabsorbierend sind, erkannt werden.One advantage of the concept described above is that structural manipulations of an identification document, which, for example, vary the spatial positions within the body of the document, can be detected. In addition, disturbances that are not to be expected in the vicinity of components of the document body, which are light-absorbing, for example, can be detected.

BEZUGSZEICHENLISTEREFERENCE LIST

100100
Dokumentenprüfgerätdocument verification device
101101
Dokumentenauflagedocument overlay
103103
Durchlichtquelletransmitted light source
105105
Lichtdetektionseinrichtunglight detection device
107107
Prozessoreinrichtungprocessor device
201201
Lichtdetektorlight detector
203203
Lichtdetektorlight detector
205205
DatenbankDatabase
207207
Identifikationsdokumentidentification document
301301
Laserlaser
303303
Lichtdetektorlight detector
401401
Durchleuchten eines DokumentenkörpersX-raying a document body
403403
Erzeugen einer dreidimensionalen AbbildungCreation of a three-dimensional image
405405
Vergleichen der dreidimensionalen Abbildung des DokumentenkörpersCompare the three-dimensional image of the document body

Claims (15)

  1. A method for verifying the authenticity of an identification document (207) comprising a document body, the method comprising:
    transilluminating (401) the document body with a transillumination light to obtain a transillumination image of the document body;
    generating (403) a three-dimensional image of the document body from the transillumination image; and
    comparing (405) the three-dimensional image of the document body with a reference image in order to verify the authenticity of the identification document (207),
    wherein the identification document (207) is an identity card, a passport or a driving license that is machine-readable.
  2. The method according to claim 1, in which the three-dimensional image is generated from the transillumination image by means of a three-dimensional reconstruction method.
  3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, in which in the step of comparing (405) the reference image is read out from a database (205) via a communication network.
  4. The method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the reference image and the three-dimensional image are digital.
  5. The method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the reference image is compared area by area with the three-dimensional image in order to detect imperfections within the document body.
  6. The method according to one of the preceding claims, in which in the step of comparing (405) a two-dimensional plane within the document body is determined on the basis of the three-dimensional image, in particular by means of a projection, wherein the two-dimensional plane is compared with a two-dimensional reference plane of the reference image to detect imperfections within the document body.
  7. The method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the transillumination light originates from a wavelength range in which the document body is at least partially light-transparent, in particular from an infrared wavelength range or from an ultraviolet wavelength range.
  8. The method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the transillumination light is generated by means of a laser (301), in particular an infrared laser or an ultraviolet laser.
  9. The method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the transillumination image is detected by means of a light detector (303) or by means of two light detectors (201, 203) arranged at an offset to one another.
  10. A document verifying device (100) for verifying the authenticity of an identification document (207), which comprises a document body, the document verifying device (100) comprising:
    a transillumination light source (103) for transilluminating the document body with a transillumination light;
    a light detecting device (105) for detecting the transillumination light in order to obtain a transillumination image of the document body; and
    a processor device (107) which is configured to generate a three-dimensional image of the document body from the transillumination image and to compare the three-dimensional image of the document body with a reference image in order to verify the authenticity of the identification document (207),
    wherein the document verifying device (100) is configured to execute the method according to one of the preceding claims,
    wherein the identification document (207) is an identity card, a passport or a driving license that is machine-readable.
  11. The document verifying device (100) according to claim 10, wherein the transillumination light source (103) comprises a laser (301) or an infrared light source or an ultraviolet light source.
  12. The document verifying device (100) according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the light detection device (105) comprises a light detector (303), in particular an image camera, or at least two light detectors (201, 203), in particular image cameras, arranged at an offset to one another.
  13. The document verifying device (100) according to claim 10, 11 or 12, in which the processor device (107) is configured to generate the three-dimensional image from the transillumination image by means of laser triangulation or a 3D vision method.
  14. The document verifying device (100) according to claim 10, 11, 12 or 13, in which the processor device (107) is configured to determine a two-dimensional plane within the document body on the basis of the three-dimensional image, in particular by means of a projection, and to compare the two-dimensional plane to a two-dimensional reference plane of the reference image in order to detect imperfections within the document body.
  15. A computer program with a program code for executing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, when the program code is executed on the document verifying device according to one of claims 10 to 14.
EP15151016.1A 2014-01-17 2015-01-13 Method for assessing the authenticity of an identification document Active EP2899699B1 (en)

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DE102014100532.5A DE102014100532A1 (en) 2014-01-17 2014-01-17 Method for verifying the authenticity of an identification document

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DE102016203609A1 (en) * 2016-03-04 2017-09-07 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh Security article with dynamic and static window security feature and method of manufacture

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CA2529460A1 (en) * 2003-07-04 2005-01-13 Kwang-Don Park Random-type identifying material, 3-d identifying system and method using the same
US20110164805A1 (en) * 2010-01-07 2011-07-07 De La Rue North America Inc. Systems and Methods for Detecting an Optically Variable Material
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EP2801816A2 (en) * 2013-05-07 2014-11-12 WiTrins s.r.o. Method and device for the optical analysis of a PCB

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