EP2894647A1 - Unipolar breaking unit and switchgear comprising such a unit - Google Patents

Unipolar breaking unit and switchgear comprising such a unit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2894647A1
EP2894647A1 EP15150726.6A EP15150726A EP2894647A1 EP 2894647 A1 EP2894647 A1 EP 2894647A1 EP 15150726 A EP15150726 A EP 15150726A EP 2894647 A1 EP2894647 A1 EP 2894647A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotary valve
rotation
unipolar
exhaust channel
angle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP15150726.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2894647B1 (en
Inventor
Philippe Legendre
Jean-Paul Gonnet
Denis Giraud
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2894647A1 publication Critical patent/EP2894647A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2894647B1 publication Critical patent/EP2894647B1/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/86—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid under pressure from the contact space being controlled by a valve
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/342—Venting arrangements for arc chutes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/72—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber
    • H01H33/73—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber wherein the break is in air at atmospheric pressure, e.g. in open air
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H77/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting
    • H01H77/02—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/342—Venting arrangements for arc chutes
    • H01H2009/343—Venting arrangements for arc chutes with variable venting aperture function of arc chute internal pressure, e.g. resilient flap-valve or check-valve
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H77/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting
    • H01H77/02—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism
    • H01H2077/025—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with pneumatic means, e.g. by arc pressure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a unipolar breaking block. It also relates to a cut-off device comprising at least one unipolar breaking block.
  • the patent application FR2986659 discloses a modular switching device, comprising improved pneumatic tripping means.
  • This document describes a breaking device comprising at least one unipolar breaking block, and preferably three unipolar breaking blocks, each unipolar breaking block being connected to a trigger block at a downstream contact pad.
  • Each unipolar cutoff block also includes an upstream contact range for connection to a power line.
  • Such a unipolar break block comprises a housing comprising a bridge of movable contacts and connected to the contact pads, as well as two arc-breaking chambers opening on an opening volume of the contact bridge, each breaking chamber. being connected to at least one cutoff gas exhaust channel. In case of occurrence of arcing, cutoff gases pass through the exhaust channels and cause triggering of the opening of the contacts to achieve the power failure.
  • This unipolar breaking block comprises, for at least one exhaust channel, a rotary valve intended to be rotated by the passage of the cutoff gases around an axis of rotation substantially perpendicular to the exhaust channel, the rotation of the valve of a first obstruction position to a second trigger position being intended to actuate trigger means to cause the opening of the contacts.
  • the axis of rotation of the rotary valve is fixed to the side walls of the discharge channel so as to divide the valve into two non-symmetrical rotating surfaces, a first and a second surface which, moving from the first obstruction position towards the second trigger position clear two sections of gas passage in the exhaust gas channel.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy this drawback, proposing a unipolar cut-off block with a rotary valve enabling both rapid triggering and avoiding obstruction of the channel after evacuation of the gases.
  • the rotary valve according to the invention comprises an edge positioned vis-a-vis with an internal wall of the exhaust channel, in the first position of obstruction, said edge being positioned at a first distance from said inner wall of the channel of the exhaust in the first position of obstruction, said edge being adapted to move away from the wall of the exhaust channel during rotation of the rotary valve, the position of the rotary valve defining at least a gas passage section.
  • the arrangement of the rotary valve and the inner wall is such that the distance between said edge and said inner wall remains constant and equal to said first distance to a first rotary angle threshold value of the rotary valve, and then increases linearly to a second angle of rotation threshold value corresponding to a complete opening of the discharge channel.
  • the rotary valve reaches in the release position an open position of the exhaust channel, which allows better evacuation of the cutoff gases and avoids obstruction of the channel.
  • the unipolar breaking block provided with this rotary valve can ensure several times the tripping after a short circuit.
  • the invention relates to an electrical cut-off device comprising at least one unipolar breaking block as briefly described above.
  • the cutoff device comprises three unipolar cutoff blocks coupled by means of at least one rod.
  • the figure 1 represents an example of an electrical cutoff device 2 according to an exploded perspective representation, comprising three unipolar cutoff blocks 4.
  • the switching device may comprise one, two, three or four unipolar breaking blocks.
  • Each unipolar break block 4 allows the cutting of a single pole.
  • Each cutoff block is in the form of a flat housing 6, for example made of molded plastic, formed of two large parallel faces 8, spaced apart by a thickness of about 23 millimeters (mm) for a 160 Ampere gauge ( AT).
  • the housing is preferably formed of two mirror symmetrical parts, secured by any suitable means.
  • Each unipolar block is connected to a trip unit 10, which may comprise magnetothermic means or electronic means, at a downstream contact pad 12 (see FIG. figure 2 ) and on the other hand to a current line connected to an upstream contact pad 14.
  • a trip unit 10 which may comprise magnetothermic means or electronic means, at a downstream contact pad 12 (see FIG. figure 2 ) and on the other hand to a current line connected to an upstream contact pad 14.
  • the unipolar cutoff blocks are assembled via spacers 16, which are for example made of molded plastic, and comprise a central partition 18 intended to be parallel to the large faces 8 of the unipolar cutoff blocks 4.
  • the clamping of the spacers 16 on top of each other is improved by bottom edges 20.
  • the unipolar cutoff blocks are intended to be driven simultaneously and coupled for this purpose by at least one rod 22.
  • One of the unipolar cutoff blocks includes a handle 24, adapted to be housed in the nose 26 of the device, and to control a mechanism 28 for actuating the electrical contacts.
  • the figure 2 illustrates in more detail the cut-off device 30 housed in the housing 6, according to an embodiment in which it is a rotary double-cut mechanism, suitable for applications up to 800 A.
  • the cutoff device 30 comprises a movable contact bridge 32 having at each end a contact pad. It comprises a pair of fixed contacts 34, 36, each fixed contact being intended to cooperate with a range of contacts of the movable contact bridge 32.
  • a first fixed contact 34 is intended to be connected to the current line by the contact pad upstream 14.
  • a second fixed contact 36 is intended to be connected to the trip unit 10 by the downstream contact pad 12.
  • the movable contact bridge 32 is mounted between an open position in which the contact pads are spaced apart from the fixed contacts 34, 36 and a closed position, which is a pass position for the electric current, in which the contact pads are in contact with each of the fixed contacts 34, 36.
  • the unipolar break block 4 comprises two arc cutting chambers 38 for extinguishing the electric arcs.
  • Each arc cutting chamber 38 comprises at least one stack of at least two deionization fins 40 separated from each other by a cutoff gas exchange space.
  • Each arc-breaking chamber 38 comprises at least one outlet connected to at least one exhaust channel 42 of the cut-off gases, intended to evacuate the gases through at least one opening opening 44.
  • the movable contact bridge 32 is rotatable about an axis of rotation Y.
  • the movable contact bridge 32 is mounted floating in a rotary bar 46 interposed between the two lateral faces 8 of the housing 6.
  • At least one exhaust channel 42 comprises a rotary valve 48 intended to be rotated by the passage of the cutoff gases.
  • the rotary valve 48 is rotated about an axis Z, substantially perpendicular to the exhaust channel 42.
  • the rotation of a first obstruction position to a second release position is intended to release the actuating mechanism 28 to cause the opening of the contacts 34, 36.
  • the unipolar cutoff blocks 4 are intended to be driven simultaneously, and are coupled for this purpose to at least one rod 22, in particular at the bar 46, for example through orifices 50.
  • the rotary valve 48 is in the first position of obstruction, illustrated in more detail in the Figures 3 and 4 described below.
  • FIGS. 3 to 4 illustrate in greater detail the first position of obstruction of the rotary valve 48, in which the edge 54 of the rotary valve cooperates with an internal wall 56 of the evacuation channel 42.
  • the edge 54 of the rotary valve is formed at the junction of a first face 58 and a second face 60 of the rotary valve, substantially parallel to the first face, the first face 58 extending into the discharge channel so as to restrict the passage of exhaust gas.
  • the edge 54 is positioned vis-à-vis the inner wall 56, at a first predetermined distance d1, which is preferably less than 0.2 millimeters.
  • a first cutoff gas passage section 62 is formed between the edge 54 of the rotary valve 48 and the inner wall 56 of the evacuation channel 42.
  • the rotary valve 48 is mounted near the arc-breaking chamber 38 and the movable contact bridge 32, at a second predetermined distance d2 and releases a second section 64 for passage of the gases.
  • the distance d2 is chosen very small, preferably of the order of 0.15 millimeters, and provides a clearance necessary for the movement of the rotary valve.
  • the total area of the first gas passage section 62 and the second gas passage section 64 is 7mm 2 (square millimeters) in the first obstructed position.
  • the rotary valve 48 When the rotary valve 48 is in the first position of obstruction, the rotary valve has an initial angular position in the first position of obstruction.
  • the rotary valve is rotated in the direction of rotation S to a full open position in which it is positioned in a final angular position.
  • the rotary valve stroke corresponds to an evolution of a rotation angle ⁇ between an initial angular value and a final angular value.
  • the stroke corresponds to the necessary rotation of a lever (not shown) to release the actuating mechanism 28.
  • the angular displacement between the initial angular value and the final angular value is between 39 ° and 41 °, preferably equal to 40 °.
  • the distance d between the edge 54 and the inner wall 56 changes with the angle of rotation ⁇ in the following manner: it remains constant and equal to the first distance d1 as long as the angle of rotation is less than a first value angle threshold, and increases linearly to a second rotation angle threshold value preferably equal to the final angular value corresponding to a complete opening of the discharge channel.
  • the first angle threshold value is equal to 12 °, and more generally between 11 ° and 13 °.
  • the figure 5 illustrates the positioning of the rotary valve 48 when it leaves the first obstruction position, and remains, during this first part of its travel, at a constant distance and equal to the inner wall 56 of the discharge channel 42, the angle of rotation ⁇ being smaller than the first threshold value.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate the second triggering position of the rotary valve 48, in a full opening configuration following the release of cutoff gas in the breaking chambers 38.
  • the evacuation channel 42 has a bend 66, the inner wall 56 of the evacuation channel forming a convex zone 68.
  • the axis of rotation of the rotary valve 48 is positioned close to the convex zone. 68, so that the edge 54 is positioned vis-a-vis with a portion of the convex zone 68, on one side of the point of curvature of this convex zone 66.
  • the axis of rotation Z is positioned by relative to the flow of gas flow in a zone of the discharge channel where their flow is low and therefore not conducive to creating a pressure difference generating a torque.
  • the figure 8 illustrates a profile of the evolution of the total area of the first section 62 and second section 64 of passage of the gases as a function of the rotation angle ⁇ of the rotary valve 48 according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • the graph 70 comprises, on the abscissa 72, the value of the rotation angle ⁇ of the rotary valve which changes between the initial angle value 0 ° and the final angle value of 40 °.
  • the ordinate is shown the gas passage sectional area in mm 2 (square millimeters).
  • the rotary valve is arranged vis-à-vis the discharge channel so that the cross sectional area remains constant and equal to 7mm 2 on a first portion 76, for a rotation angle ⁇ of the rotary valve between 0 ° and 12 °, then increases in a linear portion 78 between 7 mm 2 and 35 mm 2 for a rotation angle of 40 °.
  • the value of 35 mm 2 is substantially equal to the area of the section of the evacuation channel 42.
  • the figure 9 illustrates a rotary valve according to one embodiment of the invention, seen in perspective.
  • the axis of rotation Z of the valve 48 has shoulders 80 bearing against the internal lateral surfaces of the cutoff block.
  • the ends 82, 84 of the axis of rotation Z of the rotary valve are useful for connecting the respective rotary valves of the unipolar cut-off units in a modular electrical breaking device such as the device 2 illustrated in FIG. figure 1 .
  • the mechanical coupling between all the rotary valves of the cutoff blocks makes it possible to ensure the transmission of the rotational movement of one valve towards the others, in a cutoff device with several unipolar cutoff blocks.

Landscapes

  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un bloc de coupure unipolaire ayant un boîtier comprenant un pont de contacts mobile et une paire de contacts fixes coopérant avec ledit pont de contacts mobile et reliés respectivement à un conducteur d'amenée du courant, deux chambres de coupure d'arc s'ouvrant respectivement sur un volume d'ouverture du pont de contacts mobile, chaque chambre de coupure étant reliée à au moins un canal d'échappement (42). Le canal d'échappement (42) comporte un clapet rotatif (48) destiné à être entraîné en rotation autour d'un axe sensiblement perpendiculaire au canal d'échappement (42) par le passage de gaz de coupure. Le clapet rotatif (48) comporte un bord (54) positionné en vis-à-vis avec une paroi interne (56) du canal d'échappement, dans la première position d'obstruction. L'agencement du clapet rotatif (48) et de la paroi interne (56) étant tel que la distance entre ledit bord (54) et ladite paroi interne (56) reste constante et égale à ladite première distance jusqu'à une première valeur de seuil d'angle de rotation du clapet rotatif (48), puis augmente linéairement jusqu'à une deuxième valeur de seuil d'angle de rotation correspondant à une ouverture complète du canal d'évacuation. L'invention concerne également un dispositif de coupure comportant au moins un tel bloc de coupure unipolaire.The invention relates to a unipolar breaking block having a housing comprising a movable contact bridge and a pair of fixed contacts cooperating with said movable contact bridge and respectively connected to a current supply conductor, two arc breaking chambers. respectively opening on an opening volume of the movable contact bridge, each breaking chamber being connected to at least one exhaust channel (42). The exhaust channel (42) includes a rotary valve (48) for being rotated about an axis substantially perpendicular to the exhaust channel (42) by the passage of cutoff gas. The rotary valve (48) has an edge (54) positioned vis-a-vis with an inner wall (56) of the exhaust channel in the first obstructed position. The arrangement of the rotary valve (48) and the inner wall (56) being such that the distance between said edge (54) and said inner wall (56) remains constant and equal to said first distance to a first value of rotation angle threshold of the rotary valve (48), then increases linearly to a second rotation angle threshold value corresponding to a complete opening of the discharge channel. The invention also relates to a cut-off device comprising at least one such unipolar breaking block.

Description

La présente invention concerne un bloc de coupure unipolaire. Elle concerne également un dispositif de coupure comportant au moins un bloc de coupure unipolaire.The present invention relates to a unipolar breaking block. It also relates to a cut-off device comprising at least one unipolar breaking block.

Elle se situe dans le domaine des dispositifs de coupure, notamment les disjoncteurs de forte puissance, basse tension, dans lesquels l'évacuation des gaz de coupure est utilisée pour déclencher un mécanisme de coupure de courant.It is in the field of switching devices, including high-power circuit breakers, low voltage, in which the discharge gas is used to trigger a power cut-off mechanism.

Il est nécessaire, dans de tels dispositifs de coupure, de déclencher le mécanisme d'ouverture du disjoncteur dès l'apparition d'un arc dans la chambre de coupure.It is necessary, in such cut-off devices, to trigger the opening mechanism of the circuit breaker as soon as an arc appears in the interrupting chamber.

Diverses solutions ont été proposées pour réaliser un déclenchement rapide.Various solutions have been proposed to achieve rapid triggering.

La demande de brevet FR2986659 décrit un dispositif de coupure modulaire, comportant des moyens de déclenchement pneumatiques améliorés.The patent application FR2986659 discloses a modular switching device, comprising improved pneumatic tripping means.

Ce document décrit un dispositif de coupure comportant au moins un bloc de coupure unipolaire, et de préférence trois blocs de coupure unipolaires, chaque bloc de coupure unipolaire étant raccordé à un bloc déclencheur au niveau d'une plage aval de contact. Chaque bloc unipolaire de coupure comprend également une plage amont de contact, permettant de le raccorder à une ligne de courant. Un tel bloc de coupure unipolaire comprend un boîtier comprenant un pont de contacts mobiles et reliés aux plages de contact, ainsi que deux chambres de coupure d'arc électrique s'ouvrant sur un volume d'ouverture du pont de contacts, chaque chambre de coupure étant reliée à au moins un canal d'échappement de gaz de coupure. En cas de survenue d'arc électrique, des gaz de coupure traversent les canaux d'échappement et provoquent un déclenchement de l'ouverture des contacts pour réaliser la coupure électrique.This document describes a breaking device comprising at least one unipolar breaking block, and preferably three unipolar breaking blocks, each unipolar breaking block being connected to a trigger block at a downstream contact pad. Each unipolar cutoff block also includes an upstream contact range for connection to a power line. Such a unipolar break block comprises a housing comprising a bridge of movable contacts and connected to the contact pads, as well as two arc-breaking chambers opening on an opening volume of the contact bridge, each breaking chamber. being connected to at least one cutoff gas exhaust channel. In case of occurrence of arcing, cutoff gases pass through the exhaust channels and cause triggering of the opening of the contacts to achieve the power failure.

Ce bloc de coupure unipolaire comporte, pour au moins un canal d'échappement, un clapet rotatif destiné à être entraîné en rotation par le passage des gaz de coupure autour d'un axe de rotation sensiblement perpendiculaire au canal d'échappement, la rotation du clapet d'une première position d'obstruction vers une deuxième position de déclenchement étant destinée à actionner des moyens de déclenchement pour provoquer l'ouverture des contacts. L'axe de rotation du clapet rotatif est fixé aux parois latérales du canal d'évacuation de manière à diviser le clapet en deux surfaces rotatives non symétriques, une première et une deuxième surface qui, se déplaçant de la première position d'obstruction vers la deuxième position de déclenchement dégagent deux sections de passage des gaz dans le canal d'échappement des gaz.This unipolar breaking block comprises, for at least one exhaust channel, a rotary valve intended to be rotated by the passage of the cutoff gases around an axis of rotation substantially perpendicular to the exhaust channel, the rotation of the valve of a first obstruction position to a second trigger position being intended to actuate trigger means to cause the opening of the contacts. The axis of rotation of the rotary valve is fixed to the side walls of the discharge channel so as to divide the valve into two non-symmetrical rotating surfaces, a first and a second surface which, moving from the first obstruction position towards the second trigger position clear two sections of gas passage in the exhaust gas channel.

Avec ce clapet rotatif connu, des débris solides s'accumulent dans le canal d'évacuation des gaz, provoquant une obstruction du canal et empêchant le fonctionnement du dispositif à de multiples reprises.With this known rotary valve, solid debris accumulates in the gas evacuation channel, obstructing the channel and preventing operation of the device multiple times.

La présente invention a pour objet de remédier à cet inconvénient, proposant un bloc de coupure unipolaire à clapet rotatif permettant à la fois un déclenchement rapide, tout en évitant une obstruction du canal après évacuation des gaz.The object of the present invention is to remedy this drawback, proposing a unipolar cut-off block with a rotary valve enabling both rapid triggering and avoiding obstruction of the channel after evacuation of the gases.

A cet effet, l'invention propose selon un premier aspect, un bloc de coupure unipolaire ayant un boîtier comprenant :

  • un pont de contacts mobile,
  • une paire de contacts fixes coopérant avec ledit pont de contacts mobile et reliés respectivement à un conducteur d'amenée du courant,
  • deux chambres de coupure d'arc s'ouvrant respectivement sur un volume d'ouverture du pont de contacts mobile, chaque chambre de coupure étant reliée à au moins un canal d'échappement,
  • au moins un canal d'échappement comportant un clapet rotatif destiné à être entraîné en rotation autour d'un axe sensiblement perpendiculaire au canal d'échappement par le passage de gaz de coupure, la rotation du clapet rotatif d'une première position d'obstruction vers une deuxième position de déclenchement étant destinée à actionner des moyens de déclenchement pour provoquer l'ouverture des contacts, la rotation du clapet rotatif étant définie par un angle de rotation, entre une valeur d'angle initiale en position d'obstruction et une valeur d'angle finale.
For this purpose, the invention proposes according to a first aspect, a unipolar breaking block having a housing comprising:
  • a mobile contact bridge,
  • a pair of fixed contacts cooperating with said mobile contact bridge and respectively connected to a current supply conductor,
  • two arc-breaking chambers respectively opening on an opening volume of the movable contact bridge, each breaking chamber being connected to at least one exhaust channel,
  • at least one exhaust channel comprising a rotary valve intended to be rotated about an axis substantially perpendicular to the exhaust channel by the passage of cutoff gas, the rotation of the rotary valve of a first position of obstruction to a second trigger position being intended to actuate triggering means to cause the opening of the contacts, the rotation of the rotary valve being defined by an angle of rotation, between an initial angle value in the obstruction position and a value final angle.

Le clapet rotatif selon l'invention comporte un bord positionné en vis-à-vis avec une paroi interne du canal d'échappement, dans la première position d'obstruction, ledit bord étant positionné à une première distance de ladite paroi interne du canal d'échappement dans la première position d'obstruction, ledit bord étant apte à s'éloigner de la paroi du canal d'échappement lors de la rotation du clapet rotatif, la position du clapet rotatif définissant au moins une section de passage de gaz. L'agencement du clapet rotatif et de la paroi interne est tel que la distance entre ledit bord et ladite paroi interne reste constante et égale à ladite première distance jusqu'à une première valeur de seuil d'angle de rotation du clapet rotatif, puis augmente linéairement jusqu'à une deuxième valeur de seuil d'angle de rotation correspondant à une ouverture complète du canal d'évacuation.The rotary valve according to the invention comprises an edge positioned vis-a-vis with an internal wall of the exhaust channel, in the first position of obstruction, said edge being positioned at a first distance from said inner wall of the channel of the exhaust in the first position of obstruction, said edge being adapted to move away from the wall of the exhaust channel during rotation of the rotary valve, the position of the rotary valve defining at least a gas passage section. The arrangement of the rotary valve and the inner wall is such that the distance between said edge and said inner wall remains constant and equal to said first distance to a first rotary angle threshold value of the rotary valve, and then increases linearly to a second angle of rotation threshold value corresponding to a complete opening of the discharge channel.

Avantageusement, le clapet rotatif atteint dans la position de déclenchement une position d'ouverture du canal d'échappement, ce qui permet une meilleure évacuation des gaz de coupure et évite toute obstruction du canal.Advantageously, the rotary valve reaches in the release position an open position of the exhaust channel, which allows better evacuation of the cutoff gases and avoids obstruction of the channel.

Avantageusement, le bloc de coupure unipolaire muni de ce clapet rotatif peut assurer plusieurs fois le déclenchement suite à un court-circuit.Advantageously, the unipolar breaking block provided with this rotary valve can ensure several times the tripping after a short circuit.

Le bloc de coupure unipolaire selon l'invention peut également présenter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques ci-dessous, prises indépendamment ou selon toutes les combinaisons techniquement possibles :

  • ladite première distance est inférieure ou égale à 0,2 millimètres ;
  • la position du clapet rotatif définit deux sections de passage et la surface totale desdites sections est constante jusqu'à la première valeur de seuil d'angle de rotation du clapet rotatif, puis augmente linéairement jusqu'à la deuxième valeur de seuil d'angle de rotation correspondant à une ouverture complète du canal d'évacuation ;
  • ladite surface totale est inférieure ou égale à 7 millimètres carrés jusqu'à la première valeur de seuil d'angle ;
  • la première valeur de seuil d'angle est comprise entre 11 et 13 degrés et la deuxième valeur de seuil d'angle est comprise entre 39 et 41 degrés ;
  • le canal d'évacuation comporte un coude formant une zone intérieure convexe, le clapet rotatif étant positionné de manière à ce que ledit bord du clapet soit sensiblement parallèle à la paroi du canal d'évacuation dans ladite zone intérieure convexe pour la rotation du clapet rotatif entre la valeur d'angle initiale et la première valeur de seuil d'angle.
The unipolar break block according to the invention may also have one or more of the following characteristics, taken independently or in any technically possible combination:
  • said first distance is less than or equal to 0.2 millimeters;
  • the position of the rotary valve defines two passage sections and the total area of said sections is constant up to the first rotary angle threshold value of the rotary valve, then increases linearly to the second angle threshold value of rotation corresponding to a complete opening of the evacuation channel;
  • said total area is less than or equal to 7 square millimeters up to the first corner threshold value;
  • the first angle threshold value is between 11 and 13 degrees and the second angle threshold value is between 39 and 41 degrees;
  • the discharge channel comprises a bend forming a convex inner zone, the rotary valve being positioned so that said edge of the valve is substantially parallel to the wall of the discharge channel in said convex inner zone for rotation of the rotary valve between the initial angle value and the first angle threshold value.

Selon un deuxième aspect, l'invention concerne un dispositif électrique de coupure comportant au moins un bloc de coupure unipolaire tel que brièvement décrit ci-dessus.According to a second aspect, the invention relates to an electrical cut-off device comprising at least one unipolar breaking block as briefly described above.

Selon une caractéristique, le dispositif de coupure comporte trois blocs de coupure unipolaire couplés au moyen d'au moins une tige.According to one characteristic, the cutoff device comprises three unipolar cutoff blocks coupled by means of at least one rod.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description qui en est donnée ci-dessous, à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif, en référence aux figures annexées, parmi lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 représente une vue éclatée en perspective d'un dispositif de coupure comportant des blocs de coupure unipolaires et un bloc de déclenchement selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 représente une vue en coupe de l'intérieur d'un bloc de coupure unipolaire selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention;
  • les figures 3 et 4 illustrent un détail de fonctionnement d'un clapet rotatif d'un bloc de coupure unipolaire en position d'obstruction selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 5 illustre en détail de fonctionnement d'un clapet rotatif d'un bloc de coupure unipolaire en première partie de course ;
  • les figures 6 et 7 illustrent un détail de fonctionnement d'un clapet rotatif d'un bloc de coupure unipolaire en position de déclenchement selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 8 est un graphe illustrant l'évolution d'une dimension de section de passage de gaz en fonction de l'angle de rotation d'un clapet rotatif selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 9 représente une vue en perspective du clapet rotatif selon l'invention.
Other features and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description given below, by way of indication and in no way limiting, with reference to the appended figures, among which:
  • the figure 1 represents an exploded perspective view of a cut-off device comprising unipolar cutoff blocks and a tripping block according to the invention;
  • the figure 2 is a sectional view of the interior of a unipolar break block according to an embodiment of the invention;
  • the Figures 3 and 4 illustrate a detail of operation of a rotary valve of a unipolar breaking block in the obstruction position according to one embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 5 illustrates in detail the operation of a rotary valve of a unipolar break block in the first part of the race;
  • the Figures 6 and 7 illustrate a detail of operation of a rotary valve of a unipolar breaking block in the tripping position according to an embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 8 is a graph illustrating the evolution of a gas flow section dimension as a function of the rotation angle of a rotary valve according to one embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 9 represents a perspective view of the rotary valve according to the invention.

La figure 1 représente un exemple de dispositif électrique de coupure 2 selon une représentation en perspective éclatée, comprenant trois blocs de coupure unipolaire 4.The figure 1 represents an example of an electrical cutoff device 2 according to an exploded perspective representation, comprising three unipolar cutoff blocks 4.

Selon d'autres modes de réalisation non représentés, l'appareil de coupure peut comporter un, deux, trois ou quatre blocs de coupure unipolaires.According to other embodiments not shown, the switching device may comprise one, two, three or four unipolar breaking blocks.

Chaque bloc de coupure unipolaire 4 permet la coupure d'un seul pôle. Chaque bloc de coupure se présente sous forme d'un boîtier plat 6, par exemple en plastique moulé, formé de deux grandes faces parallèles 8, distantes d'une épaisseur de l'ordre de 23 millimètres (mm) pour un calibre 160 Ampères (A). Le boîtier est de préférence formé de deux parties symétriques en miroir, solidarisées par tout moyen adapté.Each unipolar break block 4 allows the cutting of a single pole. Each cutoff block is in the form of a flat housing 6, for example made of molded plastic, formed of two large parallel faces 8, spaced apart by a thickness of about 23 millimeters (mm) for a 160 Ampere gauge ( AT). The housing is preferably formed of two mirror symmetrical parts, secured by any suitable means.

Chaque bloc unipolaire est raccordé à un bloc de déclenchement 10, pouvant comporter des moyens magnétothermiques ou des moyens électroniques, au niveau d'une plage de contact aval 12 (voir figure 2) et d'autre part à une ligne de courant connectée à une plage de contact amont 14.Each unipolar block is connected to a trip unit 10, which may comprise magnetothermic means or electronic means, at a downstream contact pad 12 (see FIG. figure 2 ) and on the other hand to a current line connected to an upstream contact pad 14.

Dans le mode de réalisation illustré à la figure 1, les blocs de coupure unipolaires sont assemblés par l'intermédiaire d'entretoises 16, qui sont par exemple en plastique moulé, et comprennent une cloison centrale 18 destinée à être parallèle aux grandes faces 8 des blocs de coupure unipolaires 4. Le serrage des entretoises 16 l'une sur l'autre est amélioré par des rebords de fond 20.In the embodiment illustrated in figure 1 , the unipolar cutoff blocks are assembled via spacers 16, which are for example made of molded plastic, and comprise a central partition 18 intended to be parallel to the large faces 8 of the unipolar cutoff blocks 4. The clamping of the spacers 16 on top of each other is improved by bottom edges 20.

Les blocs unipolaires de coupure sont destinés à être entraînés simultanément et couplés à cette fin par au moins une tige 22.The unipolar cutoff blocks are intended to be driven simultaneously and coupled for this purpose by at least one rod 22.

Un des blocs unipolaires de coupure comporte une manette 24, apte à se loger dans le nez 26 de l'appareil, et à commander un mécanisme 28 d'actionnement des contacts électriques.One of the unipolar cutoff blocks includes a handle 24, adapted to be housed in the nose 26 of the device, and to control a mechanism 28 for actuating the electrical contacts.

La figure 2 illustre plus en détail le dispositif de coupure 30 logé dans le boîtier 6, selon un mode de réalisation dans lequel il s'agit d'un mécanisme à double coupure rotative, adapté pour des applications jusqu'à 800 A.The figure 2 illustrates in more detail the cut-off device 30 housed in the housing 6, according to an embodiment in which it is a rotary double-cut mechanism, suitable for applications up to 800 A.

Le dispositif de coupure 30 comprend un pont de contact mobile 32 comportant à chaque extrémité une plage de contact. Il comprend une paire de contacts fixes 34, 36, chaque contact fixe étant destiné à coopérer avec une plage de contacts du pont de contacts mobile 32. Un premier contact fixe 34 est destiné à être raccordé à la ligne de courant par la plage de contact amont 14. Un second contact fixe 36 est destiné à être relié au bloc de déclenchement 10 par la plage de contact aval 12.The cutoff device 30 comprises a movable contact bridge 32 having at each end a contact pad. It comprises a pair of fixed contacts 34, 36, each fixed contact being intended to cooperate with a range of contacts of the movable contact bridge 32. A first fixed contact 34 is intended to be connected to the current line by the contact pad upstream 14. A second fixed contact 36 is intended to be connected to the trip unit 10 by the downstream contact pad 12.

Le pont de contacts mobile 32 est monté entre une position d'ouverture dans laquelle les plages de contact sont écartées des contacts fixes 34, 36 et une position de fermeture, qui est une position passante pour le courant électrique, dans laquelle les plages de contact sont en contact avec chacun des contacts fixes 34, 36.The movable contact bridge 32 is mounted between an open position in which the contact pads are spaced apart from the fixed contacts 34, 36 and a closed position, which is a pass position for the electric current, in which the contact pads are in contact with each of the fixed contacts 34, 36.

Le bloc de coupure unipolaire 4 comporte deux chambres de coupure d'arc 38 pour l'extinction des arcs électriques. Chaque chambre de coupure d'arc 38 comprend au moins un empilement d'au moins deux ailettes de désionisation 40 séparées les unes des autres par un espace d'échange de gaz de coupure.The unipolar break block 4 comprises two arc cutting chambers 38 for extinguishing the electric arcs. Each arc cutting chamber 38 comprises at least one stack of at least two deionization fins 40 separated from each other by a cutoff gas exchange space.

Chaque chambre de coupure d'arc 38 comporte au moins une sortie reliée à au moins un canal d'échappement 42 des gaz de coupure, destiné à évacuer les gaz par au moins un orifice débouchant 44.Each arc-breaking chamber 38 comprises at least one outlet connected to at least one exhaust channel 42 of the cut-off gases, intended to evacuate the gases through at least one opening opening 44.

Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, le pont de contacts mobile 32 est rotatif autour d'un axe de rotation Y. Le pont de contacts mobile 32 est monté flottant dans un barreau rotatif 46 intercalé entre les deux faces latérales 8 du boîtier 6.According to a particular embodiment, the movable contact bridge 32 is rotatable about an axis of rotation Y. The movable contact bridge 32 is mounted floating in a rotary bar 46 interposed between the two lateral faces 8 of the housing 6.

Au moins un canal d'échappement 42 comporte un clapet rotatif 48 destiné à être entraîné en rotation par le passage des gaz de coupure. Le clapet rotatif 48 est entraîné en rotation autour d'un axe Z, sensiblement perpendiculaire au canal d'échappement 42. La rotation d'une première position d'obstruction vers une deuxième position de déclenchement est destinée à libérer le mécanisme d'actionnement 28 pour provoquer l'ouverture des contacts 34, 36.At least one exhaust channel 42 comprises a rotary valve 48 intended to be rotated by the passage of the cutoff gases. The rotary valve 48 is rotated about an axis Z, substantially perpendicular to the exhaust channel 42. The rotation of a first obstruction position to a second release position is intended to release the actuating mechanism 28 to cause the opening of the contacts 34, 36.

Les blocs de coupure unipolaires 4 sont destinés à être entraînés simultanément, et sont couplés à cette fin à au moins une tige 22, notamment au niveau du barreau 46, par exemple par des orifices 50. Sur la figure 2, le clapet rotatif 48 est dans la première position d'obstruction, illustrée plus en détail dans les figures 3 et 4 décrites ci-après.The unipolar cutoff blocks 4 are intended to be driven simultaneously, and are coupled for this purpose to at least one rod 22, in particular at the bar 46, for example through orifices 50. figure 2 , the rotary valve 48 is in the first position of obstruction, illustrated in more detail in the Figures 3 and 4 described below.

Les figures 3 à 4 illustrent plus en détail la première position d'obstruction du clapet rotatif 48, dans laquelle le bord 54 du clapet rotatif coopère avec une paroi interne 56 du canal d'évacuation 42.The Figures 3 to 4 illustrate in greater detail the first position of obstruction of the rotary valve 48, in which the edge 54 of the rotary valve cooperates with an internal wall 56 of the evacuation channel 42.

Le bord 54 du clapet rotatif est formé à la jonction d'une première face 58 et d'une deuxième face 60 du clapet rotatif, sensiblement parallèle à la première face, la première face 58 s'étendant dans le canal d'évacuation de manière à restreindre le passage des gaz d'évacuation.The edge 54 of the rotary valve is formed at the junction of a first face 58 and a second face 60 of the rotary valve, substantially parallel to the first face, the first face 58 extending into the discharge channel so as to restrict the passage of exhaust gas.

Le bord 54 est positionné en vis-à-vis de la paroi interne 56, à une première distance d1 prédéterminée, qui est de préférence inférieure à 0,2 millimètres. Ainsi, dans cette première position du clapet rotatif 48, une obstruction quasi-totale du canal d'évacuation est réalisée.The edge 54 is positioned vis-à-vis the inner wall 56, at a first predetermined distance d1, which is preferably less than 0.2 millimeters. Thus, in this first position of the rotary valve 48, an almost complete obstruction of the evacuation channel is achieved.

Néanmoins, en position d'obstruction, une première section 62 de passage des gaz de coupure est formée entre le bord 54 du clapet rotatif 48 et la paroi intérieure 56 du canal d'évacuation 42.Nevertheless, in the obstructed position, a first cutoff gas passage section 62 is formed between the edge 54 of the rotary valve 48 and the inner wall 56 of the evacuation channel 42.

Dans l'exemple illustré, le clapet rotatif 48 est monté à proximité de la chambre de coupure d'arc 38 et du pont de contacts mobile 32, à une deuxième distance prédéterminée d2 et dégage une deuxième section 64 de passage des gaz. La distance d2 est choisie très petite, de préférence de l'ordre de 0,15 millimètres, et assure un jeu nécessaire au mouvement du clapet rotatif.In the illustrated example, the rotary valve 48 is mounted near the arc-breaking chamber 38 and the movable contact bridge 32, at a second predetermined distance d2 and releases a second section 64 for passage of the gases. The distance d2 is chosen very small, preferably of the order of 0.15 millimeters, and provides a clearance necessary for the movement of the rotary valve.

De préférence, la surface totale de la première section 62 de passage des gaz et de la deuxième section 64 de passage des gaz est de 7mm2 (millimètres carrés) en première position d'obstruction.Preferably, the total area of the first gas passage section 62 and the second gas passage section 64 is 7mm 2 (square millimeters) in the first obstructed position.

Lorsque le clapet rotatif 48 est dans la première position d'obstruction, le clapet rotatif a une position angulaire initiale dans la première position d'obstruction.When the rotary valve 48 is in the first position of obstruction, the rotary valve has an initial angular position in the first position of obstruction.

Le clapet rotatif est entraîné en rotation dans le sens de rotation S vers une position d'ouverture complète dans laquelle il est positionné dans une position angulaire finale. La course du clapet rotatif correspond à une évolution d'un angle de rotation Φ entre une valeur angulaire initiale et une valeur angulaire finale. La course correspond à la rotation nécessaire d'un levier (non représenté) pour libérer le mécanisme d'actionnement 28.The rotary valve is rotated in the direction of rotation S to a full open position in which it is positioned in a final angular position. The rotary valve stroke corresponds to an evolution of a rotation angle Φ between an initial angular value and a final angular value. The stroke corresponds to the necessary rotation of a lever (not shown) to release the actuating mechanism 28.

Le débattement angulaire entre la valeur angulaire initiale et la valeur angulaire finale est de compris entre 39° et 41°, préférence égal à 40°.The angular displacement between the initial angular value and the final angular value is between 39 ° and 41 °, preferably equal to 40 °.

Avantageusement, la distance d entre le bord 54 et la paroi interne 56 évolue avec l'angle de rotation Φ de la manière suivante : elle reste constante et égale à la première distance d1 tant que l'angle de rotation est inférieur à une première valeur de seuil d'angle, et elle augmente linéairement jusqu'à une deuxième valeur de seuil d'angle de rotation égale de préférence à la valeur angulaire finale correspondant à une ouverture complète du canal d'évacuation.Advantageously, the distance d between the edge 54 and the inner wall 56 changes with the angle of rotation Φ in the following manner: it remains constant and equal to the first distance d1 as long as the angle of rotation is less than a first value angle threshold, and increases linearly to a second rotation angle threshold value preferably equal to the final angular value corresponding to a complete opening of the discharge channel.

De préférence, la première valeur de seuil d'angle est égale à 12°, et plus généralement comprise entre 11° et 13°.Preferably, the first angle threshold value is equal to 12 °, and more generally between 11 ° and 13 °.

La figure 5 illustre le positionnement du clapet rotatif 48 lorsqu'il quitte la première position d'obstruction, et reste, pendant cette première partie de sa course, à distance constante et égale à d1 paroi intérieure 56 du canal d'évacuation 42, l'angle de rotation Φ étant inférieur à la première valeur de seuil.The figure 5 illustrates the positioning of the rotary valve 48 when it leaves the first obstruction position, and remains, during this first part of its travel, at a constant distance and equal to the inner wall 56 of the discharge channel 42, the angle of rotation Φ being smaller than the first threshold value.

Les figures 6 et 7 illustrent la deuxième position de déclenchement du clapet rotatif 48, dans une configuration d'ouverture complète suite au dégagement de gaz de coupure dans les chambres de coupure 38.The Figures 6 and 7 illustrate the second triggering position of the rotary valve 48, in a full opening configuration following the release of cutoff gas in the breaking chambers 38.

Dans le mode de réalisation illustré, le canal d'évacuation 42 comporte un coude 66, la paroi interne 56 du canal d'évacuation formant une zone convexe 68. L'axe de rotation du clapet rotatif 48 est positionné à proximité de la zone convexe 68, de manière à ce que le bord 54 soit positionné en vis-à-vis avec une portion de la zone convexe 68, d'un côté du point de courbure de cette zone convexe 66. L'axe de rotation Z est positionné par rapport au flux d'écoulement des gaz dans une zone du canal d'évacuation où leur débit est faible et donc peu propice à créer une différence de pression engendrant un couple de rotation.In the illustrated embodiment, the evacuation channel 42 has a bend 66, the inner wall 56 of the evacuation channel forming a convex zone 68. The axis of rotation of the rotary valve 48 is positioned close to the convex zone. 68, so that the edge 54 is positioned vis-a-vis with a portion of the convex zone 68, on one side of the point of curvature of this convex zone 66. The axis of rotation Z is positioned by relative to the flow of gas flow in a zone of the discharge channel where their flow is low and therefore not conducive to creating a pressure difference generating a torque.

La figure 8 illustre un profil d'évolution de la surface totale des première section 62 et deuxième section 64 de passage des gaz en fonction de l'angle de rotation Φ du clapet rotatif 48 selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention.The figure 8 illustrates a profile of the evolution of the total area of the first section 62 and second section 64 of passage of the gases as a function of the rotation angle Φ of the rotary valve 48 according to one embodiment of the invention.

Le graphe 70 comprend, en abscisse 72 la valeur de l'angle de rotation Φ du clapet rotatif qui évolue entre la valeur d'angle initiale 0° et la valeur d'angle finale de 40°. En ordonnée 74 est représentée la surface de section de passage de gaz en mm2 (millimètres carrés). Comme on peut le constater, dans le mode de réalisation illustré, le clapet rotatif est agencé vis-à-vis du canal d'évacuation de manière à ce que la surface de section reste constante et égale à 7mm2 sur une première portion 76, pour un angle de rotation Φ du clapet rotatif compris entre 0° et 12°, puis augmente selon une portion linéaire 78 entre 7 mm2 et 35 mm2 pour un angle de rotation de 40°. La valeur de 35 mm2 est sensiblement égale à la surface de la section du canal d'évacuation 42.The graph 70 comprises, on the abscissa 72, the value of the rotation angle Φ of the rotary valve which changes between the initial angle value 0 ° and the final angle value of 40 °. 74 the ordinate is shown the gas passage sectional area in mm 2 (square millimeters). As can be seen, in the illustrated embodiment, the rotary valve is arranged vis-à-vis the discharge channel so that the cross sectional area remains constant and equal to 7mm 2 on a first portion 76, for a rotation angle Φ of the rotary valve between 0 ° and 12 °, then increases in a linear portion 78 between 7 mm 2 and 35 mm 2 for a rotation angle of 40 °. The value of 35 mm 2 is substantially equal to the area of the section of the evacuation channel 42.

La figure 9 illustre un clapet rotatif selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, vu en perspective. L'axe de rotation Z du clapet 48 comporte des épaulements 80 venant en appui avec les surfaces internes latérales du bloc de coupure.The figure 9 illustrates a rotary valve according to one embodiment of the invention, seen in perspective. The axis of rotation Z of the valve 48 has shoulders 80 bearing against the internal lateral surfaces of the cutoff block.

Les extrémités 82, 84 de l'axe de rotation Z du clapet rotatif sont utiles pour relier les clapets rotatifs respectifs des blocs unipolaires de coupure dans un dispositif électrique de coupure modulaire tel que le dispositif 2 illustré en figure 1. Le couplage mécanique entre tous les clapets rotatifs des blocs de coupure permet d'assurer une transmission du mouvement de rotation d'un clapet vers les autres, dans un dispositif de coupure à plusieurs blocs de coupure unipolaires.The ends 82, 84 of the axis of rotation Z of the rotary valve are useful for connecting the respective rotary valves of the unipolar cut-off units in a modular electrical breaking device such as the device 2 illustrated in FIG. figure 1 . The mechanical coupling between all the rotary valves of the cutoff blocks makes it possible to ensure the transmission of the rotational movement of one valve towards the others, in a cutoff device with several unipolar cutoff blocks.

Claims (8)

Bloc de coupure unipolaire (4) ayant un boîtier comprenant : - un pont de contacts mobile (32), - une paire de contacts fixes (34, 36) coopérant avec ledit pont de contacts mobile (32) et reliés respectivement à un conducteur d'amenée du courant, - deux chambres (38) de coupure d'arc s'ouvrant respectivement sur un volume d'ouverture du pont de contacts mobile (32), chaque chambre de coupure (38) étant reliée à au moins un canal d'échappement (42), - au moins un canal d'échappement (42) comportant un clapet rotatif (48) destiné à être entraîné en rotation autour d'un axe sensiblement perpendiculaire au canal d'échappement (42) par le passage de gaz de coupure, la rotation du clapet rotatif (48) d'une première position d'obstruction vers une deuxième position de déclenchement étant destinée à actionner des moyens de déclenchement (28) pour provoquer l'ouverture des contacts, la rotation du clapet rotatif (48) étant définie par un angle de rotation, entre une valeur d'angle initiale en position d'obstruction et une valeur d'angle finale,
caractérisé en ce que le clapet rotatif (48) comporte un bord (54) positionné en vis-à-vis avec une paroi interne (56) du canal d'échappement, dans la première position d'obstruction, ledit bord (54) étant positionné à une première distance de ladite paroi interne (56) du canal d'échappement (42) dans la première position d'obstruction, ledit bord (54) étant apte à s'éloigner de la paroi du canal d'échappement (42) lors de la rotation du clapet rotatif (48), la position du clapet rotatif (48) définissant au moins une section (62, 64) de passage de gaz,
l'agencement du clapet rotatif (48) et de la paroi interne (56) étant tel que la distance entre ledit bord (54) et ladite paroi interne (56) reste constante et égale à ladite première distance jusqu'à une première valeur de seuil d'angle de rotation du clapet rotatif (48), puis augmente linéairement jusqu'à une deuxième valeur de seuil d'angle de rotation correspondant à une ouverture complète du canal d'évacuation. A unipolar break block (4) having a housing comprising: a movable contact bridge (32), a pair of fixed contacts (34, 36) cooperating with said movable contact bridge (32) and respectively connected to a current supply conductor, two arc-breaking chambers (38) respectively opening on an opening volume of the movable contact bridge (32), each interrupting chamber (38) being connected to at least one exhaust channel (42) , at least one exhaust channel (42) comprising a rotary valve (48) intended to be rotated about an axis substantially perpendicular to the exhaust channel (42) by the passage of cutoff gas, the rotation of the rotary valve (48) from a first obstructing position to a second triggering position for actuating triggering means (28) to cause the contacts to open, the rotation of the rotary valve (48) being defined by a angle of rotation, between an initial angle value in the obstruction position and a final angle value,
characterized in that the rotary valve (48) has an edge (54) positioned facing an inner wall (56) of the exhaust channel in the first obstructing position, said edge (54) being positioned at a first distance from said inner wall (56) of the exhaust channel (42) in the first obstructing position, said edge (54) being adapted to move away from the wall of the exhaust channel (42) during rotation of the rotary valve (48), the position of the rotary valve (48) defining at least one gas passage section (62, 64),
the arrangement of the rotary valve (48) and the inner wall (56) being such that the distance between said edge (54) and said inner wall (56) remains constant and equal to said first distance to a first value of rotation angle threshold of the rotary valve (48), then increases linearly to a second rotation angle threshold value corresponding to a complete opening of the discharge channel. Bloc de coupure unipolaire selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite première distance est inférieure ou égale à 0,2 millimètres.Unipolar break block according to claim 1, characterized in that said first distance is less than or equal to 0.2 millimeters. Bloc de coupure unipolaire selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la position du clapet rotatif (48) définit deux sections de passage (62, 64) et en ce que la surface totale desdites sections est constante jusqu'à la première valeur de seuil d'angle de rotation du clapet rotatif (48), puis augmente linéairement jusqu'à la deuxième valeur de seuil d'angle de rotation correspondant à une ouverture complète du canal d'évacuation.Unipolar break block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the position of the rotary valve (48) defines two passage sections (62, 64) and in that the total area of said sections is constant up to the first rotation angle threshold value of the rotary valve (48), then increases linearly up to the second angle of rotation threshold value corresponding to a complete opening of the discharge channel. Bloc de coupure unipolaire selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que ladite surface totale est inférieure ou égale à 7 millimètres carrés jusqu'à la première valeur de seuil d'angle.Unipolar break block according to claim 3, characterized in that said total area is less than or equal to 7 square millimeters up to the first angle threshold value. Bloc de coupure unipolaire selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la première valeur de seuil d'angle est comprise entre 11 et 13 degrés et la deuxième valeur de seuil d'angle est comprise entre 39 et 41 degrés.Unipolar break block according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first angle threshold value is between 11 and 13 degrees and the second angle threshold value is between 39 and 41 degrees. Bloc de coupure unipolaire selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le canal d'évacuation comporte un coude (66) formant une zone intérieure convexe (68), et en ce que le clapet rotatif (48) est positionné de manière à ce que ledit bord (54) du clapet soit sensiblement parallèle à la paroi du canal d'évacuation (42) dans ladite zone intérieure convexe (68) pour la rotation du clapet rotatif (48) entre la valeur d'angle initiale et la première valeur de seuil d'angle.Unipolar break block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the discharge channel has a bend (66) forming a convex inner zone (68), and that the rotary valve (48) is positioned so that said valve edge (54) is substantially parallel to the wall of the exhaust channel (42) in said convex interior area (68) for rotation of the rotary valve (48) between the initial angle value and the first angle threshold value. Dispositif de coupure caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte au moins un bloc de coupure unipolaire selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6.Cut-off device characterized in that it comprises at least one unipolar breaking block according to one of Claims 1 to 6. Dispositif de coupure selon la revendication 7 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte trois blocs de coupure unipolaire couplés au moyen d'au moins une tige (22).Breaker device according to claim 7 characterized in that it comprises three single pole breaking units coupled by means of at least one rod (22).
EP15150726.6A 2014-01-13 2015-01-12 Unipolar breaking unit and switchgear comprising such a unit Active EP2894647B1 (en)

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FR1450227A FR3016473B1 (en) 2014-01-13 2014-01-13 UNIPOLAR CUT-OFF BLOCK AND CUTTING DEVICE COMPRISING SUCH A BLOCK

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EP (1) EP2894647B1 (en)
CN (1) CN104779103B (en)
ES (1) ES2606196T3 (en)
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DE102017131442B4 (en) 2017-12-29 2023-11-23 Eaton Electrical Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg Single-pole or multi-pole circuit breaker and modular system comprising such a circuit breaker
EP3916745B1 (en) * 2020-05-28 2024-03-13 ABB Schweiz AG Electrical switch

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GB2238664A (en) * 1989-12-02 1991-06-05 Powered Showers Plc Flow switch assembly
US20120026638A1 (en) * 2009-03-31 2012-02-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Release for an electric switching arrangement
FR2986659A1 (en) 2012-02-02 2013-08-09 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Unipolar cut off block i.e. ampoule for use in tripolar circuit breaker, has axle fixed at sidewalls of discharge channel to divide rotative valve into non-symmetrical surfaces that are moved to release position to release bypass sections

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CN104779103B (en) 2019-07-09
FR3016473A1 (en) 2015-07-17
US9508511B2 (en) 2016-11-29
CN104779103A (en) 2015-07-15
EP2894647B1 (en) 2016-09-14
PL2894647T3 (en) 2017-03-31
US20150200066A1 (en) 2015-07-16
FR3016473B1 (en) 2017-10-13
ES2606196T3 (en) 2017-03-23

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