EP2888805A2 - Cooling system for electric generators - Google Patents

Cooling system for electric generators

Info

Publication number
EP2888805A2
EP2888805A2 EP13788714.7A EP13788714A EP2888805A2 EP 2888805 A2 EP2888805 A2 EP 2888805A2 EP 13788714 A EP13788714 A EP 13788714A EP 2888805 A2 EP2888805 A2 EP 2888805A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling fluid
electric generator
cooling
hollow
generator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13788714.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Vladimir Danov
Bernd Gromoll
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP2888805A2 publication Critical patent/EP2888805A2/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
    • F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/20—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/32—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/24—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors with channels or ducts for cooling medium between the conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • H02K9/20—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil wherein the cooling medium vaporises within the machine casing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2341/00—Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F25B2341/001—Ejectors not being used as compression device
    • F25B2341/0014—Ejectors with a high pressure hot primary flow from a compressor discharge
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine

Definitions

  • Cooling for electric generators the invention relates to a cooling electrical generator ⁇ ren.
  • Electric generators have been known for some time. Ih ⁇ re action is based on the conversion of kinetic energy or mechanical energy into electrical energy, wherein a voltage is induced in the conductor by movement of an electrical conductor in a magnetic field. With the development of the electric generators, the opposition of electrification could only be made possible and kept in our everyday lives.
  • Liquid-cooled generators with such a ho ⁇ hen performance have no stator windings more but require stator bars. Through the stator bars then flows a cooling fluid which absorbs or dissipates the heat loss.
  • thermosiphon cooling system in an electric generator.
  • this cooling method has the disadvantage that one can not actively influence how a cooling fluid distributes in the individual stator bars.
  • ge ⁇ dissolves by means of an electric generator having at least one inlet and an outlet for at least a hollow conduit for receiving a cooling fluid, the hollow conduit in or on a rotor and / or stator and / or a wave and / or a housing of the electrical generator can be arranged, and wherein the hollow conduit is arranged as an evaporator for receiving heat energy from the electric generator by means of the cooling fluid.
  • a significant advantage is that electrical generators that are provided with hollow conductors can be cooled directly with a cooling fluid.
  • the ⁇ ses, for example, in electrical generators whose Conductor or stator bars are provided with hollow lines are implemented particularly effectively and efficiently.
  • the invention provides that a hollow conductor or stator bar or a hollow housing and a hollow shaft of an electric generator is used as an evaporator of a heat pump. This makes it an easy way mög ⁇ Lich, to increase the efficiency of an electric drive and an electric generator. In addition, such electric generators can be made more compact.
  • the electrical generator is arranged to direct, via the outlet of the conduit, the cooling fluid for compression to a compressor, which in turn supplies the cooling fluid for heat release to a condenser, from which the cooling fluid is subsequently passable to a throttle for expansion , and from the throttle again via the inlet, the evaporator acting as a hollow line of the electric generator, is supplied for receiving heat energy, wherein the compressor is arranged to receive by receiving mechanical work, a forwarding of the cooling fluid.
  • the electric generator takes advantage of the characteristics of a compression refrigerator.
  • the cooling fluid which is moved in a closed circuit, experiences successively different states of aggregate state.
  • the gaseous cooling fluid is first compressed by a compressor in this case.
  • the cooling fluid is supplied to a condenser with heat release.
  • the liquid cooling fluid is forwarded to a throttle for expanding, at the same time reducing its pressure.
  • the now expanded cooling fluid is supplied again via the inlet of the acting as an evaporator hollow line of the electric generator for receiving heat energy.
  • the cycle described above can now start over. The process must be kept on the outside by supplying mechanical work via the compressor.
  • the cooling fluid takes a cakesleis ⁇ tion - here via the acting as an evaporator hollow line of the electric generator - at a low temperature level and then gives the heat output under To ⁇ drove of mechanical work - from the compressor - at a higher Temperature level to the environment.
  • the efficiency of acting as a compression refrigeration ⁇ increases the cooling of the electric generator with decreasing temperatures of the environment.
  • the electric generators is arranged such that the cooling fluid can be taken by means of a jet pump via the outlet of the conduit, in which, by means of an accel ⁇ -adjusted driving medium of the jet pump a negative pressure is generated, thereby extending expanding the cooling fluid is sucked via the outlet, and wherein the sucked cooling fluid can be supplied with the driving medium from the jet pump to a condenser for cooling, from which it is then fed again via the inlet of the hollow line to the evaporator.
  • a particular advantage of this embodiment is that no compressor, but only a comparatively simple pump is needed.
  • the propellant of the jet pump is an ionic liquid. Since ionic liquids have only a very low vapor pressure, it is possible to achieve with a jet pump a strong negative pressure for sucking the cooling fluid from the hollow line of the electric generator. This effect is used to vaporize the cooling fluid. In this case, heat is removed from the environment during the evaporation of the cooling fluid. In this way, the cooling of the electric generator he ⁇ reaches. To increase the effectiveness of the cooling, the cooling fluid is a volatile substance. This can be particularly effec ⁇ tively and efficiently cooled.
  • the heat is not delivered directly to the environment, but to an intermediate heat transfer medium - a further cooling circuit may have a lower temperature, such as the above-mentioned "environment" of the electric generator Cooling fluid and the intermediate heat transfer medium - the other cooling circuit is, the higher the efficiency of the cooling of the electric ⁇ gen generator.
  • 1 shows an electric generator with integrated hollow stator bars for cooling, according to an embodiment of the invention
  • 2 shows a schematic diagram of a jet pump for cooling
  • the electric generator 1 shows an electrical generator 1 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the electric generator 1 is formed in the embodiment shown in FIG 1 as an electric machine. Simplified while the essential components of the electric generator 1 are shown. It is a rotor 6 located on a shaft 8 and rotatably mounted within a stator 7 with hollow stator bars 17, the individual components being accommodated in a housing 9. During operation of the electric generator 1 loss ⁇ services occur which lead to a heating of the individual components and thereby reduce the efficiency of the electric generator. 1
  • the stator 7 or its stator bars 17 are provided with hollow lines 4 which are suitable for receiving and conducting a cooling fluid 5.
  • FIG 1 only a few line 4 is shown alleged a ⁇ accordingly to Chen veranschauli- the operation of a cooling system of the electrical generator. 1
  • ⁇ generators 1 can have from 1 hollow conduits 4 for receiving the cooling fluid 5 to ⁇ according to another embodiment of the invention in several or all components of the electrical generator - not shown here.
  • the hollow conduit 4 has an inlet 2 and an outlet 3, through which a cooling fluid 5 is supplied to or removed from the hollow conduit 4.
  • the hollow line 4 assumes the function of an evaporator 10 for receiving heat energy from the electric Genera ⁇ tor 1 by means of the cooling fluid contained therein 5.
  • About the inlet 2 and the outlet 3 as the evaporator 10 we ⁇ kende hollow line 4 at connected a circuit whose other components complement each other in the illustrated embodiment to a compression refrigeration machine.
  • the direction of a cycle is illustrated by the arrows in FIG. 1, in which the cooling fluid 5 successively undergoes different changes of state of aggregation.
  • the cooling fluid 5 heated by the electric generator 1 in its hollow duct 4 is supplied via the outlet 3 to a compressor 11 which compresses the cooling fluid 5 - liquefies - and forwards it to a condenser 12, in which the cooling fluid 5 is cooled while releasing heat becomes.
  • the cooling fluid 5 is expanded via a throttle 13, wherein the cooling fluid 5 is again converted into a gaseous state.
  • the cooled fluid 5 via an inlet 2 again acting as an evaporator 10 hollow line 4 is supplied.
  • the cooling fluid 5 can now absorb heat energy of the electric generator 1 again. This starts the cycle described above from the beginning.
  • Power plant several electric generators 1 to produce 1 GW el output.
  • the power loss of the electric generators 1 corresponds to approx. 20 MW.
  • a refrigeration system can generate up to 35MW refrigeration capacity.
  • To 20MW cooling capacity to produce this system requires about 2.5 MW electric power, which means ge ⁇ rade 0.25% points efficiency losses.
  • the type of influence is lent borrowed.
  • An exact number for the efficiency gain can not be given here, as this depends on the type of construction and operating point of the generator.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of the invention, wherein in the case illustrated therein, the cooling of the cooling fluid 5 by means of a jet pump 14 takes place. Simplifying becomes in
  • FIG 2 shows only acting as an evaporator 10 hollow line 4 for receiving heat energy from the electric Genera ⁇ tor 1 by means of a cooling fluid 5 shown.
  • the Jet pump 14 a pump in which the pumping action is generated by a further fluid jet here a propellant medium 15 which sucks the coolant fluid 5 here by exchange of another medium, accelerates and compresses / promotes.
  • the jet pump 14 is very simple and therefore particularly ⁇ robust, low maintenance and versatile.
  • an ionic liquid is used as the driving medium 15. Ionic liquids have an extremely low vapor pressure and thus allow the jet pump 14 to achieve particularly low pressures - suction pressures.
  • the driving medium 15 is driven at very high speed by the jet pump 14, wherein in the jet pump, a negative pressure is created, which sucks in the acting as Ver ⁇ steamer 10 hollow line 4 heated cooling fluid 5 from the hollow line 4 of the electric generator 1 and together with the drive medium 15 a capacitor 12 supplies.
  • the cooling fluid 5 - is a volatile substance - it is sucked from the evaporator 10 ⁇ .
  • the heat energy necessary for evaporation is removed from the cooling fluid 5 in the evaporator 10, whereby the cooling fluid 5 or the electric generator 1 cools down.
  • the vapor is liquefied and the resulting mixture of cooling fluid 5 and propellant medium 15 subsequently relaxed via a throttle 13. Subsequently, the mixture is supplied to the evaporator 10 again via the inlet 2. In the evaporator 10 is then carried out by evaporation again the separation of the cooling fluid 5 from the driving medium 15. Then the cycle starts from the beginning.
  • This type of cooling of compressor does not require only a comparatively simple pump or jet pump 14.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG 2 allows higher cost savings ⁇ se during operation.
  • the solution according to the above-described istbei ⁇ play uses the hollow stator rods 17 directly as Verdamp ⁇ fer.
  • refrigeration systems for cooling the electric generator 1 can be used in which Intermediate circuit is interposed with a further heat carrier for cooling the cooling fluid 5 - not shown here.
  • the further individual elements of the electric generator can be cooled individually or jointly.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric generator (1), in particular a power station generator, said generator having at least one inlet (2) and an outlet (3) for at least one hollow conduit (4) for receiving a coolant fluid (5). The hollow conduit (4) can be situated in or on a rotor (6) and/or a stator (7)/ stator bars (17) and/or a shaft (8) and/or a housing (9) of the electric generator (1) and said hollow conduit (4) is set up as an evaporator (10) for receiving thermal energy from the electric generator (1) by means of the coolant fluid (5). The cooling process allows the efficiency of the electric generator (1) to be increased.

Description

Beschreibung description
Kühlung für elektrische Generatoren Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kühlung für elektrische Generato¬ ren . Cooling for electric generators, the invention relates to a cooling electrical generator ¬ ren.
Elektrische Generatoren sind schon seit längerem bekannt. Ih¬ re Wirkung beruht auf der Umwandlung von Bewegungsenergie bzw. mechanischer Energie in elektrische Energie, wobei durch Bewegung eines elektrischen Leiters in einem Magnetfeld eine Spannung in dem Leiter induziert wird. Mit der Entwicklung der elektrischen Generatoren konnte der Siegeszug der Elektrifizierung erst ermöglicht werden und in unserem Alltag Ein- zug halten. Electric generators have been known for some time. Ih ¬ re action is based on the conversion of kinetic energy or mechanical energy into electrical energy, wherein a voltage is induced in the conductor by movement of an electrical conductor in a magnetic field. With the development of the electric generators, the triumph of electrification could only be made possible and kept in our everyday lives.
Zur Erzeugung von elektrischer Energie kommen heutzutage große elektrische Kraftwerksgeneratoren zum Einsatz. Bei deren Betrieb kommt es auf Grund von Verlustleistungen durch Wir- belstromverluste, Ummagnetisierungsverlusten wegen Hysterese oder Reibungsverlusten durch Lager und Dichtungen usw. zu einer erheblichen Erwärmung des elektrischen Generators die einen negativen Einfluss auf dessen Wirkungsgrad und somit auf dessen Effizienz hat. Today, large electric power plant generators are used to generate electrical energy. Due to losses due to eddy current losses, re-magnetization losses due to hysteresis or frictional losses due to bearings and seals, etc., their operation causes considerable heating of the electric generator which has a negative effect on its efficiency and thus on its efficiency.
Deswegen muss eine in Form von Wärme auftretende Verlustleis¬ tung abgeführt werden, weil der elektrische Generator sonst überhitzen kann. Eine Kühlung von elektrischen Generatoren ist deswegen besonders wünschenswert. Therefore, occurring in the form of heat loss Leis ¬ processing has to be removed because the electrical generator may overheat. Cooling of electric generators is therefore particularly desirable.
Allerdings bieten die bisherigen Konzepte zur Kühlung von elektrischen Generatoren noch viel Verbesserungspotential. Beispielsweise werden Kraftwerksgeneratoren bis zu einer Leistung von 300 MW mittels einer Zwangsluftkühlung gekühlt. Bei elektrische Generatoren dieser Leistungsklasse stößt die¬ se Art der Kühlung an eine physikalische Grenze, da eine zur Kühlung des elektrischen Generators erforderliche Luftge¬ schwindigkeit so groß ist, dass eine Kühlwirkung durch Rei- bungsverluste der Luft in dem elektrischen Generator sich aufgehoben wird. Überlegungen zur Verbesserung der Kühlwirkung stellen sehr hohe Anforderungen an eine Geometrie des elektrischen Generators. Ein Nachteil dieses Verfahrens ist, dass Teile des elektrischen Generators, die sich beispiels¬ weise in der Mitte des elektrischen Generators befinden, ungenügend gekühlt werden. However, the previous concepts for cooling electric generators still offer much room for improvement. For example, power plant generators are cooled up to a capacity of 300 MW by means of forced air cooling. In electric generators in this power class pokes ¬ se type of cooling at a physical limit because a required for cooling the electric generator Luftge ¬ speed is so great that a cooling effect by tire Bungsverluste the air in the electric generator is canceled. Considerations to improve the cooling effect make very high demands on a geometry of the electric generator. A disadvantage of this method is that parts of the electric generator, the way to Example ¬ located in the center of the electric generator, are insufficiently cooled.
Dagegen werden in der Regel die meisten elektrischen Genera- toren mit einer Leistung ab ca. 300 MW flüssigkeitsgekühlt .In contrast, most electric generators with a capacity of approx. 300 MW are usually liquid-cooled.
Flüssigkeitsgekühlte elektrische Generatoren mit einer so ho¬ hen Leistung weisen keine Stator-Wicklungen mehr auf sondern erfordern Statorstäbe. Durch die Statorstäbe fließt dann ein Kühlfluid welches die Verlustwärme aufnimmt bzw. abführt. Liquid-cooled generators with such a ho ¬ hen performance have no stator windings more but require stator bars. Through the stator bars then flows a cooling fluid which absorbs or dissipates the heat loss.
In weitergehenden Überlegungen wurde versucht eine Thermosi- phon-Kühlung in einen elektrischen Generator einzubauen. Diese Kühlungsmethode hat hingegen den Nachteil, dass man nicht aktiv beeinflussen kann, wie sich ein Kühlfluid in den ein- zelnen Statorstäben verteilt. In further considerations, attempts were made to install a thermosiphon cooling system in an electric generator. On the other hand, this cooling method has the disadvantage that one can not actively influence how a cooling fluid distributes in the individual stator bars.
Es ist eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung einen elektrischen Generator bereitzustellen, der die Effizienz beim Betrieb und den Wirkungsgrad elektrischer Generatoren verbes- sert. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric generator which improves efficiency in operation and efficiency of electric generators.
Diese Aufgabe wird mittels eines elektrischen Generators ge¬ löst, welcher zumindest einen Einlass und einen Auslass für zumindest eine hohle Leitung zur Aufnahme eines Kühlfluids aufweist, wobei die hohle Leitung in oder an einem Rotor und/oder einem Stator und/oder einer Welle und/oder einem Gehäuse des elektrischen Generators anordenbar ist, und wobei die hohle Leitung als Verdampfer zur Aufnahme von Wärmeenergie aus dem elektrischen Generator mittels des Kühlfluids eingerichtet ist. Ein wesentlicher Vorteil dabei ist, dass elektrische Generatoren, die mit hohlen Leitern versehen sind, direkt mit einem Kühlfluid gekühlt werden können. Die¬ ses kann beispielsweise bei elektrischen Generatoren, deren Leiter bzw. Statorstäbe mit hohlen Leitungen versehen sind, besonders effektiv und effizient umgesetzt werden. This object is ge ¬ dissolves by means of an electric generator having at least one inlet and an outlet for at least a hollow conduit for receiving a cooling fluid, the hollow conduit in or on a rotor and / or stator and / or a wave and / or a housing of the electrical generator can be arranged, and wherein the hollow conduit is arranged as an evaporator for receiving heat energy from the electric generator by means of the cooling fluid. A significant advantage is that electrical generators that are provided with hollow conductors can be cooled directly with a cooling fluid. The ¬ ses, for example, in electrical generators whose Conductor or stator bars are provided with hollow lines are implemented particularly effectively and efficiently.
Folglich sieht die Erfindung vor, dass ein hohler Leiter oder Statorstab oder ein hohles Gehäuse sowie eine hohle Welle eines elektrischen Generators als Verdampfer einer Wärmepumpe genutzt wird. Dadurch ist es auf einfache Art und Weise mög¬ lich, die Effizienz eines elektrischen Antriebes bzw. eines elektrischen Generators zu erhöhen. Darüber hinaus können solche elektrische Generatoren kompakter hergestellt werden. Consequently, the invention provides that a hollow conductor or stator bar or a hollow housing and a hollow shaft of an electric generator is used as an evaporator of a heat pump. This makes it an easy way mög ¬ Lich, to increase the efficiency of an electric drive and an electric generator. In addition, such electric generators can be made more compact.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der elektrische Generatoren eingerichtet, über den Auslass der Leitung das Kühlfluid zum Komprimieren an einen Kompressor zu leiten, der wiederum das Kühlfluid zur Wärmeabgabe einem Kondensator zuführt, von dem das Kühlfluid anschließend an eine Drossel zum expandieren weiter leitbar ist, und von der Drossel erneut über den Einlass, der als Verdampfer wirkenden hohlen Leitung des elektrischen Generators, zur Aufnahme von Wärmeenergie zuführbar ist, wobei der Kompressor eingerichtet ist, durch Aufnahme von mechanischer Arbeit ein Weiterleiten des Kühlfluids aufrecht zu erhalten. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the electrical generator is arranged to direct, via the outlet of the conduit, the cooling fluid for compression to a compressor, which in turn supplies the cooling fluid for heat release to a condenser, from which the cooling fluid is subsequently passable to a throttle for expansion , and from the throttle again via the inlet, the evaporator acting as a hollow line of the electric generator, is supplied for receiving heat energy, wherein the compressor is arranged to receive by receiving mechanical work, a forwarding of the cooling fluid.
In anderen Worten macht sich der elektrische Generator die Eigenschaften einer Kompressionskältemaschine zunutze. Somit wird der Effekt der Verdampfungswärme bei einem Wechsel des Aggregatszustandes von flüssig zu gasförmig genutzt. Das Kühlfluid, das in einem geschlossenen Kreislauf bewegt wird, erfährt dabei nacheinander verschiedene Aggregatszustandsän- derungen. Dabei wird in diesem Fall das gasförmige Kühlfluid zunächst durch einen Kompressor komprimiert. Vom Kompressor aus, wird das Kühlfluid unter Wärmeabgabe einem Kondensator zugeführt. Anschließend wird das flüssige Kühlfluid an eine Drossel zum Expandieren weitergeleitet, wobei sich gleichzei- tig dessen Druck verringert. Das nun entspannte Kühlfluid wird erneut über den Einlass der als Verdampfer wirkenden hohlen Leitung des elektrischen Generators zur Aufnahme von Wärmeenergie zugeführt. Der oben beschriebene Kreislauf kann nun von vorne beginnen. Der Prozess muss von außen durch Zufuhr von mechanischer Arbeit über den Kompressor in Gang gehalten werden. In other words, the electric generator takes advantage of the characteristics of a compression refrigerator. Thus, the effect of the heat of vaporization is used when changing the state of aggregation of liquid to gas. The cooling fluid, which is moved in a closed circuit, experiences successively different states of aggregate state. In this case, the gaseous cooling fluid is first compressed by a compressor in this case. From the compressor, the cooling fluid is supplied to a condenser with heat release. Subsequently, the liquid cooling fluid is forwarded to a throttle for expanding, at the same time reducing its pressure. The now expanded cooling fluid is supplied again via the inlet of the acting as an evaporator hollow line of the electric generator for receiving heat energy. The cycle described above can now start over. The process must be kept on the outside by supplying mechanical work via the compressor.
Auf diese Art und Weise nimmt das Kühlfluid eine Wärmeleis¬ tung - hier über die als Verdampfer wirkende hohle Leitung des elektrischen Generators - auf einem niedrigen Temperaturniveau auf und gibt anschließend die Wärmeleistung unter Zu¬ fuhr von mechanischer Arbeit - von dem Kompressor - auf einem höheren Temperaturniveau an die Umgebung ab. Dabei erhöht sich die Effizienz der als Kompressionskältemaschine wirken¬ den Kühlung des elektrischen Generators mit sinkenden Temperaturen der Umgebung. In this way, the cooling fluid takes a Wärmeleis ¬ tion - here via the acting as an evaporator hollow line of the electric generator - at a low temperature level and then gives the heat output under To ¬ drove of mechanical work - from the compressor - at a higher Temperature level to the environment. In this case, the efficiency of acting as a compression refrigeration ¬ increases the cooling of the electric generator with decreasing temperatures of the environment.
Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung, ist der elektrische Generatoren derart eingerichtet, dass über den Auslass der Leitung das Kühlfluid mittels einer Strahlpumpe zu entnehmen ist, in dem mittels eines beschleu¬ nigten Treibmediums der Strahlpumpe ein Unterdruck erzeugbar ist und dadurch das sich expandierende Kühlfluid über den Auslass ansaugbar ist, und wobei das angesaugte Kühlfluid mit dem Treibmedium von der Strahlpumpe einem Kondensator zum Abkühlen zuführbar ist, von dem es anschließend erneut über den Einlass der hohlen Leitung zum Verdampfer zuführbar ist. Ein besonderer Vorteil dieser Ausführungsform liegt darin, dass kein Kompressor, sondern nur eine vergleichsmäßig einfach gebaute Pumpe benötigt wird. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the electric generators is arranged such that the cooling fluid can be taken by means of a jet pump via the outlet of the conduit, in which, by means of an accel ¬-adjusted driving medium of the jet pump a negative pressure is generated, thereby extending expanding the cooling fluid is sucked via the outlet, and wherein the sucked cooling fluid can be supplied with the driving medium from the jet pump to a condenser for cooling, from which it is then fed again via the inlet of the hollow line to the evaporator. A particular advantage of this embodiment is that no compressor, but only a comparatively simple pump is needed.
In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das Treibmedium der Strahlpumpe eine ionische Flüssigkeit. Da ionische Flüssigkeiten nur einen äußerst geringen Dampfdruck aufweisen, ist es möglich, mit einer Strahlpumpe einen starken Unterdruck zum Ansaugen des Kühlfluids aus der hohlen Leitung des elektrischen Generators zu erreichen. Dieser Effekt wird dazu genutzt, das Kühlfluid zu verdampfen. Dabei wird beim Verdampfen des Kühlfluids der Umgebung Wärme entzogen. Auf diese Weise wird die Kühlung des elektrischen Generators er¬ reicht . Um die Wirksamkeit der Kühlung zu erhöhen, ist das Kühlfluid eine leicht flüchtige Substanz. Dadurch kann besonders effek¬ tiv und effizient gekühlt werden. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the propellant of the jet pump is an ionic liquid. Since ionic liquids have only a very low vapor pressure, it is possible to achieve with a jet pump a strong negative pressure for sucking the cooling fluid from the hollow line of the electric generator. This effect is used to vaporize the cooling fluid. In this case, heat is removed from the environment during the evaporation of the cooling fluid. In this way, the cooling of the electric generator he ¬ reaches. To increase the effectiveness of the cooling, the cooling fluid is a volatile substance. This can be particularly effec ¬ tively and efficiently cooled.
Bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform wird die Wärme nicht direkt an das Umfeld abgegeben, sondern an einen zwischengeschalteten Wärmeträger - einen weiteren Kühlkreislauf der eine niedrigere Temperatur aufweisen kann, wie die oben ge- nannte „Umgebung" des elektrischen Generators. Je höher dabei die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen dem Kühlfluid und dem zwischengeschalteten Wärmeträger - dem weiteren Kühlkreislauf ist, desto höher ist die Wirksamkeit der Kühlung des elektri¬ schen Generators . In another embodiment, the heat is not delivered directly to the environment, but to an intermediate heat transfer medium - a further cooling circuit may have a lower temperature, such as the above-mentioned "environment" of the electric generator Cooling fluid and the intermediate heat transfer medium - the other cooling circuit is, the higher the efficiency of the cooling of the electric ¬ gen generator.
Im Folgenden werden die Erfindung und beispielhafte Ausführungsformen anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert. In the following the invention and exemplary embodiments will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing.
Es zeigen: Show it:
FIG 1 einen elektrischen Generator mit integrierten hohlen Statorstäben zum Kühlen, gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung; FIG 2 eine Prinzipskizze einer Strahlpumpe zum Kühlen 1 shows an electric generator with integrated hollow stator bars for cooling, according to an embodiment of the invention; 2 shows a schematic diagram of a jet pump for cooling
eines elektrischen Generators und deren Implementa¬ tion gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung. an electric generator and its Implementa ¬ tion according to an embodiment of the invention.
In FIG 1 wird ein elektrischer Generator 1 gemäß einer Aus- führungsform der Erfindung gezeigt. Der elektrische Generator 1 ist in der in FIG 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform als elektrische Maschine ausgebildet. Vereinfacht werden dabei die wesentlichen Komponenten des elektrischen Generators 1 gezeigt. Dabei handelt es sich um einen auf einer Welle 8 be- findlichen Rotor 6 der innerhalb eines Stators 7 mit hohlen Statorstäben 17 drehbar gelagert ist, wobei die einzelnen Komponenten in einem Gehäuse 9 aufgenommen sind. Beim Betrieb des elektrischen Generators 1 treten Verlust¬ leistungen auf, die zu einer Erwärmung der einzelnen Komponenten führen und dadurch den Wirkungsgrad des elektrischen Generators 1 vermindern. Um dem entgegenzuwirken ist bei die- ser Ausführungsform der Stator 7 bzw. seine Statorstäbe 17 mit hohlen Leitungen 4 versehen, die zur Aufnahme und Leitung eines Kühlfluids 5 geeignet sind. In der FIG 1 wird vereinfa¬ chend nur wenige Leitung 4 dargestellt, um die Funktionsweise einer Kühlung des elektrischen Generators 1 zu veranschauli- chen. 1 shows an electrical generator 1 according to an embodiment of the invention. The electric generator 1 is formed in the embodiment shown in FIG 1 as an electric machine. Simplified while the essential components of the electric generator 1 are shown. It is a rotor 6 located on a shaft 8 and rotatably mounted within a stator 7 with hollow stator bars 17, the individual components being accommodated in a housing 9. During operation of the electric generator 1 loss ¬ services occur which lead to a heating of the individual components and thereby reduce the efficiency of the electric generator. 1 In order to counteract this, in this embodiment the stator 7 or its stator bars 17 are provided with hollow lines 4 which are suitable for receiving and conducting a cooling fluid 5. In Figure 1, only a few line 4 is shown vereinfa ¬ accordingly to Chen veranschauli- the operation of a cooling system of the electrical generator. 1
Um eine möglichst hohe und gleichmäßige Kühlung des elektri¬ schen Generators 1 zu ermöglichen, kann der elektrische Gene¬ ratoren 1 gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung bei mehreren oder allen Komponenten des elektrischen Generators 1 hohle Leitungen 4 zur Aufnahme des Kühlfluids 5 auf¬ weisen - hier nicht gezeigt. Die hohle Leitung 4 verfügt über einen Einlass 2 und einen Auslass 3, durch welche ein Kühl- fluid 5 der hohlen Leitung 4 zu- bzw. abgeführt wird. Dabei übernimmt die hohle Leitung 4 die Funktion eines Verdampfers 10 zur Aufnahme von Wärmeenergie aus dem elektrischen Genera¬ tor 1 mittels des darin befindlichen Kühlfluids 5. Über den Einlass 2 bzw. den Auslass 3 ist die als Verdampfer 10 wir¬ kende hohle Leitung 4 an einen Kreislauf angeschlossen, des- sen weitere Komponenten sich in der dargestellten Ausführungsform zu einer Kompressionskältemaschine ergänzen. To achieve a high and uniform cooling of the electrical ¬ rule generator 1 to enable the electric genes ¬ generators 1 can have from 1 hollow conduits 4 for receiving the cooling fluid 5 to ¬ according to another embodiment of the invention in several or all components of the electrical generator - not shown here. The hollow conduit 4 has an inlet 2 and an outlet 3, through which a cooling fluid 5 is supplied to or removed from the hollow conduit 4. The hollow line 4 assumes the function of an evaporator 10 for receiving heat energy from the electric Genera ¬ tor 1 by means of the cooling fluid contained therein 5. About the inlet 2 and the outlet 3 as the evaporator 10 we ¬ kende hollow line 4 at connected a circuit whose other components complement each other in the illustrated embodiment to a compression refrigeration machine.
Anhand der Pfeile in FIG 1 wird die Richtung eines Kreislaufs veranschaulicht, bei dem das Kühlfluid 5 nacheinander ver- schiedene Aggregatszustandänderungen durchläuft. Dabei wird das von dem elektrischen Generator 1 in seiner hohlen Leitung 4 erhitze Kühlfluid 5 über den Auslass 3 einem Kompressor 11 zugeführt, der das Kühlfluid 5 komprimiert - verflüssigt - und an einen Kondensator 12 weiterleitet, bei dem das Kühl- fluid 5 unter Wärmeabgabe abgekühlt wird. Anschließend wird das Kühlfluid 5 über eine Drossel 13 expandiert, wobei das Kühlfluid 5 wieder in einen gasförmigen Zustand übergeführt wird. In einem weiteren Schritt wird das gekühlte Fluid 5 über einen Einlass 2 erneut der als Verdampfer 10 wirkenden hohlen Leitung 4 zugeführt. Das Kühlfluid 5 kann nun erneut Wärmeenergie des elektrischen Generators 1 aufnehmen. Damit beginnt der oben beschriebene Kreislauf von vorn. The direction of a cycle is illustrated by the arrows in FIG. 1, in which the cooling fluid 5 successively undergoes different changes of state of aggregation. In the process, the cooling fluid 5 heated by the electric generator 1 in its hollow duct 4 is supplied via the outlet 3 to a compressor 11 which compresses the cooling fluid 5 - liquefies - and forwards it to a condenser 12, in which the cooling fluid 5 is cooled while releasing heat becomes. Subsequently, the cooling fluid 5 is expanded via a throttle 13, wherein the cooling fluid 5 is again converted into a gaseous state. In a further step, the cooled fluid 5 via an inlet 2 again acting as an evaporator 10 hollow line 4 is supplied. The cooling fluid 5 can now absorb heat energy of the electric generator 1 again. This starts the cycle described above from the beginning.
Um den Kreislauf am Laufen zu halten, ist die Zufuhr von mechanischer Arbeit über den Kompressor 11 notwendig. Dabei ist die zur mechanischen Arbeit notwendige Energie geringer als die durch die Kühlung des elektrischen Generators 1 gewonnene Energie. Passende Hochleistungskälteanlagen bzw. Kompressionskältemaschinen werden bereits als Produkt angeboten. Zur Veranschaulichung kann angenommen werden, dass in einem To keep the circuit running, the supply of mechanical work via the compressor 11 is necessary. In this case, the energy required for mechanical work is less than the energy obtained by the cooling of the electric generator 1. Matching high-performance refrigeration systems or compression refrigeration machines are already offered as a product. By way of illustration, it can be assumed that in one
Kraftwerk mehrere elektrische Generatoren 1 insgesamt 1 GW el Leistung produzieren. Bei einem Wirkungsgrad von ca. 98% ent- spricht die Verlustleistung der elektrischen Generatoren 1 ca. 20MW. Eine Kälteanlage kann beispielsweise bis zu 35MW Kälteleistung erzeugen. Um 20MW Kälteleistung zu erzeugen benötigt diese Anlage ca. 2,5 MW elektrische Leistung, was ge¬ rade 0,25 %-Punkte an Effizienzeinbußen bedeutet. Dagegen steht eine Ersparnis der Kompressorleistung/Pumpenleistung für die Kühlung mittels des Kühlfluids 5 und die Effizienzer¬ höhung durch Verringerung des ohmschen Widerstands der Statorstäbe 17 sowie eine Verringerung der Temperatur des Stators 7 selbst. Je nach Bautyp ist der Einfluss unterschied- lieh. Man kann demnach entweder die Effizienz des elektrischen Generators 1 gleich lassen, wobei dazu bei gleichem Bauraum mehr Leistung benötigt würde, oder man kann die gleiche Leistung mit erhöhter Effizienz produzieren. Eine genaue Zahl für den Effizienzgewinn kann hier nicht angegeben werden, da dies vom Bautyp und Arbeitspunkt des Generators abhängt . Power plant several electric generators 1 to produce 1 GW el output. With an efficiency of approx. 98%, the power loss of the electric generators 1 corresponds to approx. 20 MW. For example, a refrigeration system can generate up to 35MW refrigeration capacity. To 20MW cooling capacity to produce this system requires about 2.5 MW electric power, which means ge ¬ rade 0.25% points efficiency losses. On the other hand, there is a saving of the compressor power / pump power for the cooling by means of the cooling fluid 5 and the Effizienzer ¬ increase by reducing the ohmic resistance of the stator 17 and a reduction in the temperature of the stator 7 itself. Depending on the type of influence is lent borrowed. Accordingly, one can either leave the efficiency of the electric generator 1 the same, with more power required for the same installation space, or one can produce the same power with increased efficiency. An exact number for the efficiency gain can not be given here, as this depends on the type of construction and operating point of the generator.
FIG 2 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform der Erfindung, wobei im darin dargestellten Fall die Kühlung des Kühlfluids 5 mit- tels einer Strahlpumpe 14 erfolgt. Vereinfachend wird in2 shows a further embodiment of the invention, wherein in the case illustrated therein, the cooling of the cooling fluid 5 by means of a jet pump 14 takes place. Simplifying becomes in
FIG 2 lediglich die als Verdampfer 10 wirkende hohle Leitung 4 zur Aufnahme von Wärmeenergie aus dem elektrischen Genera¬ tor 1 mittels eines Kühlfluids 5 gezeigt. Dabei ist die Strahlpumpe 14 eine Pumpe, in der die Pumpwirkung durch einen weiteren Fluidstrahl hier einem Treibmedium 15 erzeugt wird, der durch Impulsaustausch ein anderes Medium hier das Kühl- fluid 5 ansaugt, beschleunigt und verdichtet/fördert . Die Strahlpumpe 14 ist sehr einfach aufgebaut und deswegen beson¬ ders robust, wartungsarm und vielseitig einsetzbar. In der vorliegenden Ausführungsform wird als Treibmedium 15 eine ionische Flüssigkeit verwendet. Ionische Flüssigkeiten weisen einen äußert geringen Dampfdruck auf und ermöglichen dadurch der Strahlpumpe 14 besonders tiefe Drücke - Saugdrücke - zu erreichen. Das Treibmedium 15 wird mit sehr hoher Geschwindigkeit durch die Strahlpumpe 14 getrieben, wobei in der Strahlpumpe ein Unterdruck entsteht, der das in der als Ver¬ dampfer 10 wirkenden hohlen Leitung 4 erhitze Kühlfluid 5 aus der hohlen Leitung 4 des elektrischen Generators 1 heraussaugt und zusammen mit dem Treibmedium 15 einem Kondensator 12 zuführt. Dadurch, dass das Kühlfluid 5 - eine leicht flüchtige Substanz ist - wird diese aus dem Verdampfer 10 an¬ gesaugt. Die zum Verdampfen nötige Wärmeenergie wird dem Kühlfluid 5 im Verdampfer 10, entzogen wobei sich das Kühlfluid 5 bzw. der elektrischen Generator 1 abkühlt. FIG 2 shows only acting as an evaporator 10 hollow line 4 for receiving heat energy from the electric Genera ¬ tor 1 by means of a cooling fluid 5 shown. It is the Jet pump 14, a pump in which the pumping action is generated by a further fluid jet here a propellant medium 15 which sucks the coolant fluid 5 here by exchange of another medium, accelerates and compresses / promotes. The jet pump 14 is very simple and therefore particularly ¬ robust, low maintenance and versatile. In the present embodiment, an ionic liquid is used as the driving medium 15. Ionic liquids have an extremely low vapor pressure and thus allow the jet pump 14 to achieve particularly low pressures - suction pressures. The driving medium 15 is driven at very high speed by the jet pump 14, wherein in the jet pump, a negative pressure is created, which sucks in the acting as Ver ¬ steamer 10 hollow line 4 heated cooling fluid 5 from the hollow line 4 of the electric generator 1 and together with the drive medium 15 a capacitor 12 supplies. Characterized in that the cooling fluid 5 - is a volatile substance - it is sucked from the evaporator 10 ¬ . The heat energy necessary for evaporation is removed from the cooling fluid 5 in the evaporator 10, whereby the cooling fluid 5 or the electric generator 1 cools down.
In dem Kondensator 12 wird der Dampf verflüssigt und das entstandene Gemisch aus Kühlfluid 5 und Treibmedium 15 anschlie- ßend über eine Drossel 13 entspannt. Anschließend wird das Gemisch dem Verdampfer 10 erneut über den Einlass 2 zugeführt. Im Verdampfer 10 erfolgt dann durch Verdampfen wieder die Trennung des Kühlfluids 5 von dem Treibmedium 15. Anschließend beginnt der Kreislauf von vorn. Diese Art der Küh- lung benötigt keinen Kompressor sondern nur eine vergleichsmäßig einfache Pumpe bzw. Strahlpumpe 14. Dadurch erlaubt die in FIG 2 dargestellte Ausführungsform höhere Kostenersparnis¬ se beim Betrieb. Die Lösung gemäß vorhergehend beschriebenen Ausführungsbei¬ spielen nutzt die hohlen Statorstäbe 17 direkt als Verdamp¬ fer. Alternativ oder zusätzlich können Kälteanlagen zum Kühlen des elektrischen Generators 1 eingesetzt werden bei denen Zwischenkreislauf mit einem weiteren Wärmeträger zum Kühlen des Kühlfluids 5 zwischenschaltet wird - hier nicht gezeigt. In zusätzlichen alternativen Ausführungsbeispielen können di weiteren einzelnen Elemente des elektrischen Generators einzeln oder gemeinsam gekühlt werden. In the condenser 12, the vapor is liquefied and the resulting mixture of cooling fluid 5 and propellant medium 15 subsequently relaxed via a throttle 13. Subsequently, the mixture is supplied to the evaporator 10 again via the inlet 2. In the evaporator 10 is then carried out by evaporation again the separation of the cooling fluid 5 from the driving medium 15. Then the cycle starts from the beginning. This type of cooling of compressor does not require only a comparatively simple pump or jet pump 14. As a result, the embodiment shown in FIG 2 allows higher cost savings ¬ se during operation. The solution according to the above-described Ausführungsbei ¬ play uses the hollow stator rods 17 directly as Verdamp ¬ fer. Alternatively or additionally, refrigeration systems for cooling the electric generator 1 can be used in which Intermediate circuit is interposed with a further heat carrier for cooling the cooling fluid 5 - not shown here. In additional alternative embodiments, the further individual elements of the electric generator can be cooled individually or jointly.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Elektrischer Generator (1), insbesondere ein Kraftwerks¬ generator, welcher zumindest einen Einlass (2) und einen Aus- lass (3) für zumindest eine hohle Leitung (4) zur Aufnahme eines Kühlfluids (5) aufweist, 1. Electric generator (1), in particular a power plant ¬ generator, which at least one inlet (2) and an outlet (3) for at least one hollow conduit (4) for receiving a cooling fluid (5),
wobei die hohle Leitung (4) in oder an einem Rotor (6) und/oder einem Stator ( 17 ) /Statorstäben (17) und/oder einer Welle (8) und/oder einem Gehäuse (9) des elektrischen Genera- tors (1) anordenbar ist, und wherein the hollow conduit (4) in or on a rotor (6) and / or a stator (17) / Statorstäben (17) and / or a shaft (8) and / or a housing (9) of the electric generator ( 1) can be arranged, and
wobei die hohle Leitung (4) als Verdampfer (10) zur Aufnahme von Wärmeenergie aus dem elektrischen Generator (1) mittels des Kühlfluids (5) eingerichtet ist. wherein the hollow duct (4) is arranged as an evaporator (10) for receiving heat energy from the electric generator (1) by means of the cooling fluid (5).
2. Elektrischer Generator (1) nach Anspruch 1, 2. Electric generator (1) according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass characterized in that
der elektrische Generatoren (1) eingerichtet ist, über den Auslass (3) der Leitung (4) das Kühlfluid (5) zum Komprimie¬ ren an einen Kompressor (11) zu leiten, der das Kühlfluid (5) zur Wärmeabgabe einem Kondensator (12) zuführt, is the electrical generators (1) is arranged, via the outlet (3) of the conduit (4) for directing the cooling fluid (5) for Komprimie ¬ ren to a compressor (11) (the cooling fluid (5) for heat dissipation of a capacitor 12 ),
von dem aus das Kühlfluid (5) anschließend an eine Drossel (13) zum Expandieren weiter leitbar ist, from which the cooling fluid (5) is subsequently passable to a throttle (13) for expanding,
und von der Drossel (13) erneut über den Einlass (2) der als Verdampfer (10) wirkenden hohlen Leitung (4) des elektrischen Generators (1) zur Aufnahme von Wärmeenergie zuführbar ist, wobei der Kompressor (11) eingerichtet ist, durch Aufnahme von mechanischer Arbeit ein Weiterleiten des Kühlfluids (5) aufrecht zu halten. and from the throttle (13) via the inlet (2) of the evaporator (10) acting hollow line (4) of the electric generator (1) for receiving heat energy can be fed, wherein the compressor (11) is arranged by receiving from mechanical work to maintain a forwarding of the cooling fluid (5) upright.
3. Elektrischer Generator (1) nach Anspruch 1, 3. Electric generator (1) according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass characterized in that
der elektrische Generatoren (1) eingerichtet ist, über den Auslass (3) der Leitung (4) das Kühlfluid (5) mittels einer Strahlpumpe (14) zu entnehmen, the electric generator (1) is set up to take out the cooling fluid (5) via the outlet (3) of the line (4) by means of a jet pump (14),
indem mittels eines beschleunigten Treibmediums (15) derby means of an accelerated propellant (15) of the
Strahlpumpe (14) ein Unterdruck erzeugbar ist und dadurch das sich expandierende Kühlfluid (5) über den Auslass (3) ansaug¬ bar ist, und wobei das angesaugte Kühlfluid (5) mit dem Treibmedium (15) von der Strahlpumpe (14) einem Kondensator (12) zum Abkühlen zuführbar ist, von dem es anschließend erneut über den Einlass (2) der hohlen Leitung (4) zum Verdampfer/n (10) zu- führbar ist. Jet pump (14), a negative pressure can be generated and thereby the expanding cooling fluid (5) via the outlet (3) is suction ¬ bar, and wherein the sucked-in cooling fluid (5) with the drive medium (15) from the jet pump (14) can be fed to a condenser (12) for cooling, from which it is then recirculated via the inlet (2) of the hollow line (4) to the evaporator / n (10) can be added.
4. Elektrischer Generator (1) nach Anspruch 3, 4. Electric generator (1) according to claim 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass characterized in that
das Treibmedium (15) der Strahlpumpe (14) eine ionische Flüs- sigkeit ist. the driving medium (15) of the jet pump (14) is an ionic liquid.
5. Elektrischer Generator nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 5. Electric generator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that
das Kühlfluid (5) eine leicht flüchtige Substanz ist. the cooling fluid (5) is a volatile substance.
6. Elektrischer Generator (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5 , 6. Electric generator (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass characterized in that
das Kühlfluid 5 direkt oder über einen weiteren Kühlkreislauf kühlbar ist. the cooling fluid 5 can be cooled directly or via a further cooling circuit.
EP13788714.7A 2012-11-12 2013-10-24 Cooling system for electric generators Withdrawn EP2888805A2 (en)

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JP6181195B2 (en) 2017-08-16
US20150288252A1 (en) 2015-10-08
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US9882455B2 (en) 2018-01-30
CN104782030A (en) 2015-07-15

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