EP2886099B1 - Filling punch station and method for filling capsules in a filling punch station - Google Patents

Filling punch station and method for filling capsules in a filling punch station Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2886099B1
EP2886099B1 EP14199660.3A EP14199660A EP2886099B1 EP 2886099 B1 EP2886099 B1 EP 2886099B1 EP 14199660 A EP14199660 A EP 14199660A EP 2886099 B1 EP2886099 B1 EP 2886099B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
punches
tamping
bores
drive
punch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP14199660.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2886099A1 (en
Inventor
Jan Fabian Scheffler
Daniel Malick
Thomas Heinrich
Jan-Eric Kruse
Afsaneh Nakhavoli
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Fette Engineering GmbH
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Fette Engineering GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2886099A1 publication Critical patent/EP2886099A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B1/00Packaging fluent solid material, e.g. powders, granular or loose fibrous material, loose masses of small articles, in individual containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, or jars
    • B65B1/04Methods of, or means for, filling the material into the containers or receptacles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61JCONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
    • A61J3/00Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms
    • A61J3/07Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms into the form of capsules or similar small containers for oral use
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61JCONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
    • A61J3/00Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms
    • A61J3/07Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms into the form of capsules or similar small containers for oral use
    • A61J3/071Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms into the form of capsules or similar small containers for oral use into the form of telescopically engaged two-piece capsules
    • A61J3/074Filling capsules; Related operations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30PRESSES
    • B30BPRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B1/00Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen
    • B30B1/18Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by screw means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30PRESSES
    • B30BPRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/30Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for baling; Compression boxes therefor
    • B30B9/306Mechanically-driven presses
    • B30B9/3064Mechanically-driven presses by screw means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B63/00Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on articles or materials to be packaged
    • B65B63/02Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on articles or materials to be packaged for compressing or compacting articles or materials prior to wrapping or insertion in containers or receptacles
    • B65B63/026Auxiliary devices, not otherwise provided for, for operating on articles or materials to be packaged for compressing or compacting articles or materials prior to wrapping or insertion in containers or receptacles for compressing by feeding articles through a narrowing space

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a stuffing stamp station for filling capsules with filling material in a capsule filling machine, comprising a rotationally drivable metering disc comprising at least one group of bores, a filling device for filling the bores with the filling material, at least one group of stuffing punches and a group of ejection punches, the stuffing punches and the ejection punches being held on a vertically displaceable punch carrier, wherein the stuffing punches for pressing the filling material into the bores and the ejection punches for ejecting compacts produced in the bores by the stuffing punches can enter into the bores by vertical movement of the stamp carrier.
  • the invention also relates to a method for filling capsules with filler material in a stuffing die station of a capsule filling machine.
  • stuffing stamp stations are used in capsule filling machines, which are designed as so-called rotary machines. They have distributed around the circumference of various process stations, in particular a feed station and separation station for separating the capsule halves, one or more metering stations, a closing station for closing the capsule halves, one or more ejection stations and optionally one or more empty stations.
  • metering stations for example, stuffing stamp stations are used, which are suitable for metering filler material and transferring it into capsules.
  • the holes of Stopfstempelstationen are adapted in diameter and distance from one another to the capsules held in a capsule holder of the capsule filling machine to be filled capsules.
  • the stuffing stamp station further comprises, for example, 5 groups of stuff stamps and a group of Emissions temples. At five of the groups of stuffing dies are gradually produced from filling material pellets in the holes.
  • the group of ejection punches ejects the pellets from the holes and transfers the pellets into the capsule bases held in the capsule holders.
  • the dosing disc is usually cyclically driven via a stepping gear, so that the individual groups of holes successively approach the groups of stuffing dies and the group of ejection punches.
  • Each cycle is divided into a rest and switching time.
  • the rest time is the downtime in which the dosing is and formed or ejected into the pellets.
  • the switching time is the movement time of the metering disc in which the metering disc rotates about its axis and each group of bores continues to pace to the next group of punches.
  • the relationship between shift and rest time is determined in the course of the design of the rubble transmission and is then no longer changeable.
  • Stopfstempelstationen have a lifting device which carries the Stopfstkov and the ejection punch and vertically moves up and down in accordance with the clocked movement of the dosing.
  • the lifting device is usually driven by a mechanical curve, the stroke length is set once when designing the stuffing die station and also is no longer adjustable. Due to different mounting heights of the groups of stuffing dies on the lifting device, the compacts are built up step by step.
  • the two drive trains are mechanically coupled and are driven by a common drive.
  • the stuffing dies While the dosing disk is in its switching time and, for example, rotates 60 ° further with six groups of holes, the stuffing dies already begin their vertical downward movement. you reach the holes of the dosing and possibly a powder bed of filler only when the dosing has already reached its position for the resting time. After the pressing process, the punches return to their original position, with the metering disc already beginning to turn further before the punches have reached their uppermost position.
  • the ratio between locking and switching times is rigid. Must be extended for production reasons, the rest time, for example, by the need for a longer filling time due to poorly flowing filler, or the switching time must be extended, for example, because otherwise forms on the metering no uniform bed of filler, the other time is also automatically extended , This unnecessarily prolongs the total cycle time of latching and rotating the metering disc unnecessarily.
  • Another stuffing stamp station is known DE 10 2006 014 496 A1 ,
  • the stamps are held on a support, which is driven by columns.
  • the columns are connected via a crank drive with a common servo drive, so that the columns are to move synchronously.
  • a disadvantage is the required for driving the columns considerable design effort. Adjustments to the drive are difficult.
  • the entire pressing forces must be transmitted by a single servo drive.
  • Out EP 1 135 294 A1 a capsule filling machine with a stuffing stamp station is known in which the vertical starting position of the stamp can be changed to dose different amounts of pressing.
  • Out DE 10 2012 010 767 A1 a press for producing a compact of powdery material is known in which at least one drive unit comprises a spindle drive.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a stuffing stamp station and a method of the type mentioned above, with which in a structurally simple manner moldings of high quality can be produced.
  • the method is intended to achieve a high degree of flexibility, even in trial pressings in galenics.
  • the invention achieves the object by providing first drive means for incrementally rotating the metering disk along the at least one group of stuffing dies and the group of ejection punches and second drive means for vertically moving the stamp carrier, the second drive means being at least two acting on the punch carrier spindle drives each having a spindle nut and each one guided in the spindle nut vertical drive spindle, and wherein the second drive means comprise at least two drive motors, each driving one of the spindle drives for vertical movement of the punch carrier.
  • the rotating driven dosing disc can have several groups of holes, which are guided by rotating the dosing disc successively along the groups of stuffing dies and ejection punches. It can also be provided several groups of stuffing punches, which are passed through by the holes in succession. For example, there may be five sets of stuffing dies and a group of ejection stamps. In this case, for example, six groups of holes can be distributed along the circumference of the dosing. The holes are in relation to each other in terms of their diameter and their arrangement, in particular their distance from one another, adapted to the capsules to be filled in a capsule filling machine equipped with the stuffing die station and located in a capsule holder.
  • the stuffing punches each move by vertical movement in the appropriately aligned holes and compress in the holes located example, powdery filler to compacts.
  • the holes are filled mainly by gravity with the filler.
  • the stuffing punches may promote in the course of their downward movement filler in the holes, which is for example on the dosing.
  • the stoppers then solidify this filler in the holes.
  • the groups of stuffing dies can be arranged at different heights on the carrier or the stuffing punches of different groups can have a different length.
  • the diameter of the holes and the height of the metering disc give the size of the pellets produced and thus the amount of filler to be metered.
  • the compacts are ejected from the holes and passed into the capsule lower parts usually arranged with their capsule holder below the holes.
  • the holes are at their bottom closed when the stuffing dies retract into the holes and open at the bottom when the ejector punches into the holes.
  • the closing of the holes in the region of the stuffing dies can be done for example by a stuffing disc. It forms an abutment for the stuffing dies for pressing the filling material into compacts.
  • the metering disk is cyclically rotated in the course of production and transfer of the compacts, where they alternately downtime (stop times) and travel times (switching times) passes.
  • the punch carrier vertically traversing second drive means have at least two spindle drives with vertical drive spindles, which are guided with an external thread formed at least over a portion of its length in an internal thread of a spindle nut.
  • the second drive means have at least two drive motors, one of which drives one of the spindle drives, in particular the spindle nuts or the drive spindles in rotation.
  • the drive lines for the metering on the one hand and the stuffing die or ejection punch on the other hand are therefore separated.
  • a suitable drive for the first drive means it is possible to variably set the ratio between standstill times and movement times of the metering disk, that is to say the latching time and the switching time.
  • a suitable control device can be provided. This also makes it possible to variably set the rotational speed of the metering disk, the rotational travel and the direction of rotation.
  • due to the separate second Drive means for the punch carrier of the stroke and the stroke speed of the punch carrier and thus the stuffing and ejection punch can be variably adjusted. This can also be done by the controller.
  • the inventively provided spindle drives are characterized by a low design effort and can be precisely controlled synchronously.
  • the provision of two spindle drives for the punch carrier is therefore no problem in terms of synchronicity.
  • such spindle drives can transmit very high pressing forces.
  • variable adjustment of the stroke length of the stuffing die it is possible by a variable adjustment of the stroke length of the stuffing die to change the pressing force of the stuffing die, without having to provide separate adjustment options, for example, separate drives.
  • all groups of stuffing dies are set in the same way, resulting in consistently homogeneous compacts.
  • Due to the separately formed second drive means and variable pressing force curves can be adjusted.
  • the immersion speed and the duration of the maximum pressing force is set mechanically invariable over a corresponding curve, different pressing force profiles can be realized by the control device. This can be used, for example, for a suitable extension of the pressure holding time without undesirably influencing the switching time of the metering disk. This results in a larger processing window for different products.
  • the stuffing punches preferably the stuffing punches and the ejection punches, can be held on a vertically movable punch carrier, which is moved vertically by the second drive means.
  • the pressure holding time of the stuffing dies in the bores is defined as the time in which the maximum pressing force is exerted by the stuffing dies during a pressing process.
  • This pressure-holding time can be set specifically by a suitable control of the first and / or second drive means.
  • the stuffing punches by the second drive means retracted faster in the holes and / or extended out of the holes and thus the pressure holding time can be extended without changing the cycle times of the metering.
  • the separate first and second drive means it is also possible to empty the stuffing stamp station after the end of production in a simple manner.
  • the lifting movement of the punch carrier can be deactivated and the dosing can be driven, for example, to permanent rotation, so that even in the stuffing stamp station befindliches example pulverulent filler can be removed and collected.
  • the stuffing stamp station it is possible for the stuffing stamp station to have path measuring and / or press force sensors with which the path traveled by the carrier or the stuffing and / or ejection punches in the course of the production of the compacts and / or those occurring during the production of the compacts Press forces are measured.
  • the measurement results can be given to the control device and this can perform a suitable control on predetermined path lengths and / or pressing forces. For example, certain pressing forces can be specified, which in turn defines the mass and density of the produced compacts.
  • the punch carrier can be according to a particularly practical embodiment, a support plate or support bridge, with the provision of two spindle drives the spindle drives, in particular the drive spindles or the spindle nuts, are fastened to opposite ends of the carrier plate or carrier bridge. As a result, a particularly uniform force generation is achieved.
  • the spindle drives may each comprise a fixed to the punch carrier vertical drive spindle, wherein the drive spindles are each guided in a rotatably and axially fixed spindle nut, wherein the at least two drive motors each one of the spindle nuts for vertical movement of the die carrier rotatably drive.
  • the drive spindles and with them the punch carrier are moved vertically by the rotation of the axially fixed spindle nuts.
  • the spindle drives may each comprise a rotatably and axially fixedly mounted vertical drive spindle, wherein the drive spindles are each rotatably guided in a spindle nut secured to the punch carrier, wherein the at least two drive motors each rotationally drive one of the drive spindles for vertical movement of the die carrier.
  • the spindle nuts and thus the punch carrier are moved vertically by the rotation of the axially fixed drive spindles.
  • the drive motors of the second drive means may be electric motors.
  • the axially fixed spindle nuts or drive spindles can then be respectively attached to the rotors of the drive motors of the second drive means and rotated with them. It may in particular be direct drives.
  • electric motors are preferably servomotors or torque motors in question. These are particularly good and flexibly controllable.
  • the axially fixed spindle nuts or drive spindles each in a blind hole of Drive motors can be arranged.
  • the drive spindles can move axially limited by the end of the blind hole in this, so that an increased stroke length for the stuffing and ejection punch are available.
  • the drive motors of the second drive means are each hollow shaft motors
  • the axially fixed spindle nuts are respectively arranged in the hollow shafts of the drive motors.
  • the rotors of the drive motors can be designed as hollow shaft rotors. In this embodiment, a substantially unlimited stroke length for the stuffing and discharge punches is possible, in particular by the drive spindles moving axially in the hollow shaft.
  • the first drive means may comprise a servomotor. Furthermore, the first drive means may be a direct drive, for example a torque motor. By such drives a flexible method of metering is particularly easy to control.
  • the filling device can be formed by a filling trough which at least partially covers the metering disk and in which the filling material to be filled into the bores is located.
  • the dosing disc rotates under this filling trough. In particular, it covers the metering disk in such a way that the holes, as they are rotated, pass under the filling trough before they reach each group of tamping punches and are still below the filling trough, in particular in the region of each group of tamping tampers.
  • the stuffing punches then pass through the filling material located in the filling trough into the bores, thereby conveying by gravity not fallen filler material into the bores and then pressing the filling material into the bores.
  • the dosing disc can comprise at least two groups of bores.
  • the metering disk can comprise n groups of bores, where n is a natural number greater than 2.
  • n-1 groups of stuffing dies are held. For example, six sets of holes and correspondingly five sets of stuffing dies and one group of ejection punches may be provided.
  • the invention also relates to a capsule filling machine for filling capsules composed of a capsule upper part and a capsule lower part, comprising a delivery wheel, on the circumference of which a plurality of capsule holders are provided, each having a group of capsule receptacles for each capsule, further comprising a conveyor wheel drive in that the conveyor wheel can be cyclically rotated, so that the capsule holders move cyclically along a conveyor track, and comprising a plurality of process stations arranged along the conveyor track, the process stations having at least one feed station for feeding capsules to be filled into the capsule receptacles, at least one opening station for Opening the capsules to be filled by separating the capsule tops from the capsule bases, at least one stuffing die station according to any one of the preceding claims, at least one closing station for closing the filled capsule ln by connecting the capsule tops to the capsule bottoms, and at least one ejection station to eject the filled capsules.
  • One or more process stations can be integrated into a common process station.
  • the stuffing punches can not in the course of retraction into the holes yet conveyed by gravity into the holes filling material into the holes, so that the dosing between the individual pressing operations does not necessarily have to be rotated.
  • it may be necessary to turn the metering disc between two pressing operations for example by 360 °), so that the powder bed is again uniformly closed. Accordingly, it can be provided that the dosing is rotated after each pressing operation and before the next pressing operation by means of the first drive means in a first direction of rotation and / or in a second direction of rotation until it again assumes the rotational position in which the holes are aligned with the stuffing dies.
  • the rotation of the metering in the aligned to the stuffing dies or discharge temples position of the holes and the subsequent further rotation and the vertical method of stuffing punches or ejection punches can be offset in time or at least partially parallel to each other, as basically explained above.
  • the method of the ejection punches can take place in the bores and out of the holes through the second drive means, ie together with the tamping dies.
  • a metering disk can be used which has only one group of holes.
  • the method of ejection punches in the bores and out of the bores by third drive means by means of which the ejection punches are movable independently of the stuffing dies.
  • the provision of separate drive means for the ejection punches is required so that they do not move together with the stuffing dies against the closed metering disk during the production of compacts in the holes by the stuffing dies. It is therefore possible in particular by the separate third drive means that the ejection punch does not move with these in a vertical retraction of the stuffing die in the holes.
  • the stroke of the ejection punch is not affected in an advantageous manner by the stroke of the stuffing die.
  • the inventive method can be carried out with a stuffing die station according to the invention or a capsule filling machine according to the invention. It is possible in the method according to the invention that the stuffing punches and the ejection punches are not arranged on a punch carrier.
  • the third drive means for the separate method can be arranged on the punch carrier so that the ejection punches can be moved separately from the stuffing punches despite the common arrangement on the punch carrier.
  • the stuffing die station shown in the figures is provided as part of a capsule filling machine for filling, for example, hard gelatin capsules with, for example, powdered filling material.
  • the capsules usually consist of a capsule shell and a capsule base.
  • the capsule filling machine comprises a delivery wheel, on whose circumference a plurality of capsule holders is provided, each having a group of capsule receptacles, in each of which a capsule or a capsule lower part is held.
  • the capsule filling machine comprises a conveyor wheel drive with which the conveyor wheel can be cyclically rotated, so that the capsule holders move cyclically along a conveyor track.
  • the capsule filling machine comprises a plurality of process stations arranged along the conveyor track, including at least one feed station for feeding capsules to be filled into the capsule receptacles, at least one opening station for opening the capsules to be filled by separating the capsule tops from the capsule bases shown in FIGS at least one closing station for closing the filled capsules by connecting the capsule tops with the capsule bottoms and at least one ejection station for ejecting the filled capsules.
  • the stuffing die station shown in the figures has a metering disk 10 which has a plurality of groups of bores 12 distributed uniformly along its circumference. Via a flange 14, a drive shaft 16 is connected to the metering disk 10, which can be driven in rotation by a first drive motor 18, for example a servomotor or torque motor, about the axis of rotation 20. With the drive shaft 16, the metering disk 10 is also rotated. On a non-rotating with the dosing disc holding plate 22, a base 24 is arranged, which carries a stuffing disc 26. The stopper plate 26 closes the holes 12 in Area of Stopfstempeln 28 down and forms an abutment for the stuffing ram 28.
  • the stuffing punches 28 are secured by springs 30 to a plate or bridge-shaped punch carrier 32.
  • drive spindles 34 are mounted in the example shown.
  • the drive spindles 34 are received in axially displaceable manner in guides 36 and are in engagement with spindle nuts 38 with an external thread.
  • the spindle nuts 38 are fixed axially to the rotor of a hollow shaft motor 40 designed as a hollow shaft and to the rotor of the hollow shaft motor 40 rotatable.
  • Fig. 1 Recognizable extending the drive spindles 34 through the support plate 22 into the hollow shafts of the hollow shaft motors 40.
  • the drive spindles 34 and with them By turning the spindle nuts 38, the drive spindles 34 and with them the punch carrier 32 with the stuffing dies 28 and below to be explained ejection punch in the vertical direction.
  • five groups of stuffing punches 28 may be provided.
  • six groups of bores 12 can then be formed in the metering disk 10.
  • a filling trough is also shown, which is filled with the filling material to be filled into the bores.
  • the reference numeral 46 also shows a stripping device for stripping filling material from the upper side of the metering disk 10 in the region of the ejection punches 44.
  • the metering disk 10 is rotated stepwise via the drive motor 18, wherein the groups of bores 12 each with a group of Stopfstkovn 28 and the group of Ausdorfstkovn 44th be aligned.
  • the hollow shaft motors 40 while the spindle nuts are rotated and thereby the drive spindles 34 and thus the punch carrier 32 with the stuffing dies 28 and the Ausdorfstkovn 44 in the vertical direction such that the stuffing die 28 in the holes 12 successive compacts from the located in the filling trough 42 form powdery filler.
  • the holes 12 which are aligned with the Austhestkovn 44 are open as mentioned on its underside.
  • the ejection punches 44 can eject the pellets produced in the bores 12 downwardly into capsule bases oriented in capsule holders of the capsule filling machine.
  • the method of stuffing punches 28 down and into the holes 12 is in the 3 and 4 illustrated.
  • a control device not shown in the figures which controls the drive motor 18 on the one hand and the hollow shaft motors 40 on the other hand coordinated in a suitable manner to each other. Due to the separation of the drive means for the metering disc 10 on the one hand and the punch carrier 32 with the stuffing dies 28 and the discharge punches 44 on the other hand, it is possible to variably set the switching and rest periods. It is also possible to change the stroke length of the stamp carrier 32 and thus the stuffing punch 28 and the ejection punch 44.
  • suitable sensors can be provided with which, for example, the pressing force in the region of the stuffing punches 28 is measured. The measurement results can be supplied to the control device and the control device can execute suitable control circuits in order to comply with predetermined pressing forces.
  • a stuffing stamp station is shown in the figures with several groups of stuffing dies 28, a configuration is also possible in which only one group of stuffing dies 28 and one group of discharge punches 44 are provided. It is then possible that the metering disc 10 so by the Drive motor 18 is rotated, that the possibly only formed in the metering disk 10 group of holes 12 in alignment with the stuffing dies 28.
  • the stuffing punches 28 can then driven by the hollow shaft motors 40 several times in succession vertically into the bores 12 and drive out again, so that in successive pressing a compact in each hole 12 is generated.
  • the metering disk 10 can be further rotated such that the group of bores 12 is aligned with the group of ejection dies 44 and the ejection punches 44 can eject the pellets produced in the bores 12 into capsule sub-parts as explained above.
  • third drive means are provided, with which the ejection punches are movable independently of the stuffing dies. This procedure is particularly suitable in the field of galenics. Particularly compact laboratory stoppers can be used.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Making Beverages (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Stopfstempelstation zum Befüllen von Kapseln mit Füllmaterial in einer Kapselfüllmaschine, umfassend eine drehend antreibbare Dosierscheibe, die mindestens eine Gruppe von Bohrungen umfasst, eine Fülleinrichtung zum Befüllen der Bohrungen mit dem Füllmaterial, mindestens eine Gruppe von Stopfstempeln und eine Gruppe von Ausstoßstempeln, wobei die Stopfstempel und die Ausstoßstempel an einem vertikal verfahrbaren Stempelträger gehalten sind, wobei durch vertikales Verfahren des Stempelträgers die Stopfstempel zum Verpressen des Füllmaterials in die Bohrungen und die Ausstoßstempel zum Ausstoßen von durch die Stopfstempel in den Bohrungen erzeugten Presslingen in die Bohrungen einfahren können. Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem ein Verfahren zum Füllen von Kapseln mit Füllmaterial in einer Stopfstempelstation einer Kapselfüllmaschine.The invention relates to a stuffing stamp station for filling capsules with filling material in a capsule filling machine, comprising a rotationally drivable metering disc comprising at least one group of bores, a filling device for filling the bores with the filling material, at least one group of stuffing punches and a group of ejection punches, the stuffing punches and the ejection punches being held on a vertically displaceable punch carrier, wherein the stuffing punches for pressing the filling material into the bores and the ejection punches for ejecting compacts produced in the bores by the stuffing punches can enter into the bores by vertical movement of the stamp carrier. The invention also relates to a method for filling capsules with filler material in a stuffing die station of a capsule filling machine.

Derartige Stopfstempelstationen kommen in Kapselfüllmaschinen zum Einsatz, die als sogenannte Rundläufermaschinen ausgebildet sind. Sie besitzen auf dem Umfang verteilt verschiedene Prozessstationen, insbesondere eine Zuführstation und Trennstation zum Trennen der Kapselhälften, eine oder mehrere Dosierstationen, eine Schließstation zum Schließen der Kapselhälften, ein oder mehrere Auswurfstationen und gegebenenfalls eine oder mehrere Leerstationen. Als Dosierstationen kommen beispielsweise Stopfstempelstationen zum Einsatz, die geeignet sind, Füllmaterial zu dosieren und in Kapseln zu übergeben.Such stuffing stamp stations are used in capsule filling machines, which are designed as so-called rotary machines. They have distributed around the circumference of various process stations, in particular a feed station and separation station for separating the capsule halves, one or more metering stations, a closing station for closing the capsule halves, one or more ejection stations and optionally one or more empty stations. As metering stations, for example, stuffing stamp stations are used, which are suitable for metering filler material and transferring it into capsules.

Die Bohrungen von Stopfstempelstationen sind in Durchmesser und Abstand zueinander an die in einem Kapselhalter der Kapselfüllmaschine gehaltenen zu befüllenden Kapseln angepasst. Die Stopfstempelstation umfasst weiterhin beispielsweise 5 Gruppen von Stopfstempeln und eine Gruppe von Ausstoßstempeln. An fünf der Gruppen von Stopfstempeln werden aus Füllmaterial stufenweise Presslinge in den Bohrungen erzeugt. Die Gruppe von Ausstoßstempeln stößt die Presslinge aus den Bohrungen aus und übergibt die Presslinge so in die in den Kapselhaltern gehaltenen Kapselunterteile.The holes of Stopfstempelstationen are adapted in diameter and distance from one another to the capsules held in a capsule holder of the capsule filling machine to be filled capsules. The stuffing stamp station further comprises, for example, 5 groups of stuff stamps and a group of Emissions temples. At five of the groups of stuffing dies are gradually produced from filling material pellets in the holes. The group of ejection punches ejects the pellets from the holes and transfers the pellets into the capsule bases held in the capsule holders.

Die Dosierscheibe wird üblicherweise über ein Schrittschaltgetriebe taktweise angetrieben, so dass die einzelnen Gruppen von Bohrungen nacheinander die Gruppen von Stopfstempeln und die Gruppe von Ausstoßstempeln anfahren. Jeder Takt ist aufgeteilt in eine Rast- und Schaltzeit. Die Rastzeit ist die Stillstandzeit, in der die Dosierscheibe steht und in die Presslinge gebildet bzw. ausgestoßen werden. Die Schaltzeit ist die Bewegungszeit der Dosierscheibe, in der sich die Dosierscheibe um ihre Achse dreht und jede Gruppe von Bohrungen weiter taktet zu der nächsten Gruppe von Stempeln. Das Verhältnis zwischen Schalt- und Rastzeit wird im Zuge der Auslegung des Schuttschaltgetriebes festgelegt und ist danach nicht mehr veränderlich.The dosing disc is usually cyclically driven via a stepping gear, so that the individual groups of holes successively approach the groups of stuffing dies and the group of ejection punches. Each cycle is divided into a rest and switching time. The rest time is the downtime in which the dosing is and formed or ejected into the pellets. The switching time is the movement time of the metering disc in which the metering disc rotates about its axis and each group of bores continues to pace to the next group of punches. The relationship between shift and rest time is determined in the course of the design of the rubble transmission and is then no longer changeable.

Darüber hinaus besitzen derartige Stopfstempelstationen eine Hubeinrichtung, welche die Stopfstempel und die Ausstoßstempel trägt und sich entsprechend der getakteten Bewegung der Dosierscheibe vertikal auf und ab bewegt. Die Hubeinrichtung wird in der Regel über eine mechanische Kurve angetrieben, wobei die Hublänge bei der Auslegung der Stopfstempelstation einmalig festgelegt wird und ebenfalls nicht mehr verstellbar ist. Durch unterschiedliche Befestigungshöhen der Gruppen von Stopfstempeln an der Hubeinrichtung werden die Presslinge stufenweise aufgebaut. Um eine Synchronität zwischen der Drehung der Dosierscheibe und der Bewegung der Hubeinrichtung zu gewährleisten, sind die beiden Antriebsstränge mechanisch gekoppelt und werden durch einen gemeinsamen Antrieb angetrieben. Während die Dosierscheibe in ihrer Schaltzeit ist und sich beispielsweise bei sechs Gruppen von Bohrungen um 60° weiter dreht, beginnen die Stopfstempel bereits ihre vertikale Abwärtsbewegung. Sie erreichen die Bohrungen der Dosierscheibe und gegebenenfalls ein Pulverbett aus Füllmaterial erst, wenn die Dosierscheibe ihre Position für die Rastzeit bereits erreicht hat. Nach dem Pressvorgang fahren die Stempel wieder in ihre Ausgangslage zurück, wobei die Dosierscheibe bereits beginnt sich weiterzudrehen, bevor die Stempel ihre oberste Stellung erreicht haben.In addition, such Stopfstempelstationen have a lifting device which carries the Stopfstempel and the ejection punch and vertically moves up and down in accordance with the clocked movement of the dosing. The lifting device is usually driven by a mechanical curve, the stroke length is set once when designing the stuffing die station and also is no longer adjustable. Due to different mounting heights of the groups of stuffing dies on the lifting device, the compacts are built up step by step. In order to ensure a synchronism between the rotation of the dosing and the movement of the lifting device, the two drive trains are mechanically coupled and are driven by a common drive. While the dosing disk is in its switching time and, for example, rotates 60 ° further with six groups of holes, the stuffing dies already begin their vertical downward movement. you reach the holes of the dosing and possibly a powder bed of filler only when the dosing has already reached its position for the resting time. After the pressing process, the punches return to their original position, with the metering disc already beginning to turn further before the punches have reached their uppermost position.

Aufgrund der Verwendung von Schuttschaltgetrieben für die Dosierscheibe ist das Verhältnis zwischen Rast- und Schaltzeiten starr. Muss aus Produktionsgründen die Rastzeit verlängert werden, beispielsweise durch die Notwenigkeit einer längeren Füllzeit in Folge schlecht fließenden Füllmaterials, oder muss die Schaltzeit verlängert werden, beispielsweise da sich anderenfalls auf der Dosierscheibe kein gleichmäßiges Bett aus Füllmaterial bildet, wird automatisch die jeweils andere Zeit ebenfalls verlängert. Dadurch wird die gesamte Zykluszeit aus Rasten und Drehen der Dosierscheibe in unnötiger Weise stärker verlängert als erforderlich.Due to the use of debris gearboxes for the dosing disc, the ratio between locking and switching times is rigid. Must be extended for production reasons, the rest time, for example, by the need for a longer filling time due to poorly flowing filler, or the switching time must be extended, for example, because otherwise forms on the metering no uniform bed of filler, the other time is also automatically extended , This unnecessarily prolongs the total cycle time of latching and rotating the metering disc unnecessarily.

Durch die Kopplung der Antriebsstränge für die Drehung der Dosierscheibe und die Hubbewegung der Stempel sind darüber hinaus die Bewegungsabläufe der Dosierscheibe und der Stempel abhängig voneinander. Muss eine dieser Bewegungen verlangsamt werden, wird automatisch auch die andere Bewegung verlangsamt. Beispielsweise kann es erforderlich sein, dass die Stopfstempel langsamer in das Pulverbett und die Bohrungen eintauchen. Durch die darüber hinaus vorgesehenen mechanischen Kurven wird ein fester Hub der Stopfstempel vorgegeben. Nur durch eine Veränderung der Befestigungshöhe der Stopfstempel bzw. der Presskraft kann auf die Presslingshöhe und damit die Dichte und Masse der hergestellten Presslinge eingewirkt werden. Dies wird im Stand der Technik durch eine separat einstellbare Befestigungshöhe der Stopfstempel bzw. durch veränderliche Federkennlinien (pneumatisch oder mechanisch) realisiert. Dazu werden im Stand der Technik teilweise einzelne Antriebe vorgesehen. Dies ist nachteilig und konstruktiv aufwendig.Due to the coupling of the drive trains for the rotation of the dosing and the lifting movement of the punch beyond the movement of the dosing and the punch are dependent on each other. If one of these movements has to be slowed down, the other movement is automatically slowed down as well. For example, it may be necessary for the stuffing punches to dip more slowly into the powder bed and holes. The mechanical curves provided in addition provide a fixed stroke of the stuffing dies. Only by changing the mounting height of the stuffing die or the pressing force can be acted on the compact height and thus the density and mass of the produced compacts. This is realized in the prior art by a separately adjustable mounting height of the stuffing die or by variable spring characteristics (pneumatic or mechanical). For this purpose, individual drives are provided in the prior art partially. This is disadvantageous and structurally complex.

Eine weitere Stopfstempelstation ist bekannt aus DE 10 2006 014 496 A1 . Die Stempel sind dabei an einem Träger gehalten, der über Säulen angetrieben wird. Die Säulen sind über einen Kurbeltrieb mit einem gemeinsamen Servoantrieb verbunden, so dass die Säulen synchron verfahren sollen. Nachteilig ist der für den Antrieb der Säulen erforderliche erhebliche konstruktive Aufwand. Anpassungen hinsichtlich des Antriebs sind nur schwer möglich. Außerdem müssen die gesamten Presskräfte von einem einzigen Servoantrieb übertragen werden.Another stuffing stamp station is known DE 10 2006 014 496 A1 , The stamps are held on a support, which is driven by columns. The columns are connected via a crank drive with a common servo drive, so that the columns are to move synchronously. A disadvantage is the required for driving the columns considerable design effort. Adjustments to the drive are difficult. In addition, the entire pressing forces must be transmitted by a single servo drive.

Aus EP 1 135 294 A1 ist eine Kapselfüllmaschine mit einer Stopfstempelstation bekannt, bei der die vertikale Ausgangslage der Stempel zur Dosierung unterschiedlicher Pressmengen verändert werden kann. Aus DE 10 2012 010 767 A1 ist eine Presse zur Herstellung eines Presslings aus pulverförmigen Material bekannt, bei der mindestens eine Antriebseinheit einen Spindeltrieb umfasst.Out EP 1 135 294 A1 a capsule filling machine with a stuffing stamp station is known in which the vertical starting position of the stamp can be changed to dose different amounts of pressing. Out DE 10 2012 010 767 A1 a press for producing a compact of powdery material is known in which at least one drive unit comprises a spindle drive.

Ausgehend von dem erläuterten Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Stopfstempelstation und ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art bereitzustellen, mit denen in konstruktiv einfacher Weise Presslinge hoher Qualität hergestellt werden können. Mit dem Verfahren soll eine hohe Flexibilität auch bei Versuchspressungen in der Galenik erreicht werden.Based on the explained prior art, the present invention seeks to provide a stuffing stamp station and a method of the type mentioned above, with which in a structurally simple manner moldings of high quality can be produced. The method is intended to achieve a high degree of flexibility, even in trial pressings in galenics.

Die Erfindung löst die Aufgabe durch die Gegenstände der Ansprüche 1 und 13. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen finden sich in den abhängigen Ansprüchen, der Beschreibung und den Figuren.The invention achieves the object by the subject matters of claims 1 and 13. Advantageous embodiments can be found in the dependent claims, the description and the figures.

Für eine Stopfstempelstation der eingangs genannten Art löst die Erfindung die Aufgabe dadurch, dass erste Antriebsmittel zum schrittweisen Drehen der Dosierscheibe entlang der mindestens einen Gruppe von Stopfstempeln und der Gruppe von Ausstoßstempeln und zweite Antriebsmittel zum vertikalen Verfahren des Stempelträgers vorgesehen sind, wobei die zweiten Antriebsmittel mindestens zwei auf den Stempelträger wirkende Spindeltriebe mit jeweils einer Spindelmutter und jeweils einer in der Spindelmutter geführten vertikalen Antriebsspindel umfassen, und wobei die zweiten Antriebsmittel mindestens zwei Antriebsmotoren umfassen, die jeweils einen der Spindeltriebe zum vertikalen Verfahren des Stempelträgers antreiben.For a stuffing stamp station of the type mentioned above, the invention achieves the object by providing first drive means for incrementally rotating the metering disk along the at least one group of stuffing dies and the group of ejection punches and second drive means for vertically moving the stamp carrier, the second drive means being at least two acting on the punch carrier spindle drives each having a spindle nut and each one guided in the spindle nut vertical drive spindle, and wherein the second drive means comprise at least two drive motors, each driving one of the spindle drives for vertical movement of the punch carrier.

Die drehend angetriebene Dosierscheibe kann mehrere Gruppen von Bohrungen besitzen, die durch Drehen der Dosierscheibe sukzessive entlang der Gruppen von Stopfstempeln und Ausstoßstempeln geführt werden. Es können auch mehrere Gruppen von Stopfstempeln vorgesehen sein, die von den Bohrungen nacheinander durchfahren werden. Es können beispielsweise fünf Gruppen von Stopfstempeln vorgesehen sein, und eine Gruppe von Ausstoßstempeln. In diesem Fall können entlang des Umfangs der Dosierscheibe beispielsweise sechs Gruppen von Bohrungen verteilt angeordnet sein. Die Bohrungen sind hinsichtlich ihres Durchmessers und ihrer Anordnung zueinander, insbesondere ihres Abstands zueinander, an die in einer mit der Stopfstempelstation ausgestatteten Kapselfüllmaschine zu befüllenden und in einem Kapselhalter befindlichen Kapseln angepasst. Die Stopfstempel fahren jeweils durch vertikale Bewegung in die entsprechend ausgerichteten Bohrungen ein und verpressen in den Bohrungen befindliches beispielsweise pulverförmiges Füllmaterial zu Presslingen. Die Bohrungen werden überwiegend durch die Schwerkraft mit dem Füllmaterial befüllt. Darüber hinaus können die Stopfstempel im Zuge ihrer Abwärtsbewegung Füllmaterial in die Bohrungen fördern, welches beispielsweise auf der Dosierscheibe liegt. Die Stopfstempel verfestigen dieses Füllmaterial dann in den Bohrungen. Insbesondere wenn mehrere Gruppen von Stopfstempeln vorgesehen sind, die von den Bohrungen sukzessive nacheinander angefahren werden, werden die Presslinge stufenweise erzeugt. Die Gruppen von Stopfstempeln können dazu in unterschiedlicher Höhe an dem Träger angeordnet sein oder die Stopfstempel unterschiedlicher Gruppen können eine unterschiedliche Länge besitzen. Der Durchmesser der Bohrungen und die Höhe der Dosierscheibe ergeben die Größe der hergestellten Presslinge und somit die zu dosierende Menge an Füllmaterial. Von den Ausstoßstempeln werden die Presslinge aus den Bohrungen ausgestoßen und in die dazu üblicherweise mit ihrem Kapselhalter unterhalb der Bohrungen angeordneten Kapselunterteile übergeben. Die Bohrungen sind an ihrer Unterseite geschlossen, wenn die Stopfstempel in die Bohrungen einfahren und an ihrer Unterseite offen, wenn die Ausstoßstempel in die Bohrungen einfahren. Das Verschließen der Bohrungen im Bereich der Stopfstempel kann beispielsweise durch eine Stopfscheibe erfolgen. Sie bildet ein Gegenlager für die Stopfstempel zum Verpressen des Füllmaterials zu Presslingen. Die Dosierscheibe wird im Zuge der Herstellung und Übergabe der Presslinge taktweise gedreht, wobei sie abwechselnd Stillstandzeiten (Rastzeiten) und Bewegungszeiten (Schaltzeiten) durchläuft.The rotating driven dosing disc can have several groups of holes, which are guided by rotating the dosing disc successively along the groups of stuffing dies and ejection punches. It can also be provided several groups of stuffing punches, which are passed through by the holes in succession. For example, there may be five sets of stuffing dies and a group of ejection stamps. In this case, for example, six groups of holes can be distributed along the circumference of the dosing. The holes are in relation to each other in terms of their diameter and their arrangement, in particular their distance from one another, adapted to the capsules to be filled in a capsule filling machine equipped with the stuffing die station and located in a capsule holder. The stuffing punches each move by vertical movement in the appropriately aligned holes and compress in the holes located example, powdery filler to compacts. The holes are filled mainly by gravity with the filler. In addition, the stuffing punches may promote in the course of their downward movement filler in the holes, which is for example on the dosing. The stoppers then solidify this filler in the holes. In particular, when several groups of stuffing punches are provided, which are successively approached by the holes successively, the compacts are generated in stages. The groups of stuffing dies can be arranged at different heights on the carrier or the stuffing punches of different groups can have a different length. The diameter of the holes and the height of the metering disc give the size of the pellets produced and thus the amount of filler to be metered. From the ejection stamps, the compacts are ejected from the holes and passed into the capsule lower parts usually arranged with their capsule holder below the holes. The holes are at their bottom closed when the stuffing dies retract into the holes and open at the bottom when the ejector punches into the holes. The closing of the holes in the region of the stuffing dies can be done for example by a stuffing disc. It forms an abutment for the stuffing dies for pressing the filling material into compacts. The metering disk is cyclically rotated in the course of production and transfer of the compacts, where they alternately downtime (stop times) and travel times (switching times) passes.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Stopfstempelstation sind separate Antriebsmittel zum schrittweisen Drehen der Dosierscheibe einerseits und zum vertikalen Verfahren des Stempelträgers andererseits vorgesehen. Die den Stempelträger vertikal verfahrenden zweiten Antriebsmittel weisen mindestens zwei Spindeltriebe mit vertikalen Antriebsspindeln auf, die mit einem zumindest über einen Abschnitt ihrer Länge ausgebildeten Außengewinde in einem Innengewinde einer Spindelmutter geführt sind. Weiterhin besitzen die zweiten Antriebsmittel mindestens zwei Antriebsmotoren, von denen jeweils einer einen der Spindeltriebe, insbesondere die Spindelmuttern oder die Antriebsspindeln drehend antreibt. Dadurch werden die Antriebsspindeln oder die Spindelmuttern in Vertikahichtung bewegt und bewegen somit den Stempelträger und mit ihm die Stopfstempel und Ausstoßstempel in vertikaler Richtung auf und ab.In the stuffing die station according to the invention, separate drive means are provided for the stepwise rotation of the metering disk on the one hand and for the vertical movement of the stamp carrier on the other hand. The punch carrier vertically traversing second drive means have at least two spindle drives with vertical drive spindles, which are guided with an external thread formed at least over a portion of its length in an internal thread of a spindle nut. Furthermore, the second drive means have at least two drive motors, one of which drives one of the spindle drives, in particular the spindle nuts or the drive spindles in rotation. As a result, the drive spindles or the spindle nuts are moved in vertical direction and thus move the punch carrier and with him the stuffing punches and ejector in the vertical direction up and down.

Die Antriebsstränge für die Dosierscheibe einerseits und die Stopfstempel bzw. Ausstoßstempel andererseits sind also getrennt. Außerdem ist es durch Auswahl eines geeigneten Antriebs für die ersten Antriebsmittel möglich, das Verhältnis zwischen Stillstandzeiten und Bewegungszeiten der Dosierscheibe, also der Rastzeit und der Schaltzeit, variabel einzustellen. Hierzu kann eine geeignete Steuereinrichtung vorgesehen sein. Auch ist es hierdurch möglich, die Drehgeschwindigkeit der Dosierscheibe, den Drehweg sowie die Drehrichtung variabel einzustellen. Darüber hinaus können aufgrund der separaten zweiten Antriebsmittel für den Stempelträger der Hubweg und die Hubgeschwindigkeit des Stempelträgers und damit der Stopf- und Ausstoßstempel variabel eingestellt werden. Dies kann ebenfalls durch die Steuereinrichtung erfolgen. Die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Spindeltriebe zeichnen sich durch einen geringen konstruktiven Aufwand aus und sind präzise synchron ansteuerbar. Das Vorsehen zweier Spindeltriebe für den Stempelträger stellt daher kein Problem hinsichtlich der Synchronität dar. Darüber hinaus können derartige Spindeltriebe sehr hohe Presskräfte übertragen.The drive lines for the metering on the one hand and the stuffing die or ejection punch on the other hand are therefore separated. In addition, by selecting a suitable drive for the first drive means, it is possible to variably set the ratio between standstill times and movement times of the metering disk, that is to say the latching time and the switching time. For this purpose, a suitable control device can be provided. This also makes it possible to variably set the rotational speed of the metering disk, the rotational travel and the direction of rotation. In addition, due to the separate second Drive means for the punch carrier of the stroke and the stroke speed of the punch carrier and thus the stuffing and ejection punch can be variably adjusted. This can also be done by the controller. The inventively provided spindle drives are characterized by a low design effort and can be precisely controlled synchronously. The provision of two spindle drives for the punch carrier is therefore no problem in terms of synchronicity. In addition, such spindle drives can transmit very high pressing forces.

Wie bereits erwähnt, ist es durch eine variable Einstellung der Hublänge der Stopfstempel möglich, die Presskraft der Stopfstempel zu verändern, ohne hierfür separate Einstellmöglichkeiten, beispielsweise separate Antriebe, vorsehen zu müssen. Dabei werden sämtliche Gruppen von Stopfstempeln in gleicher Weise eingestellt, was zu gleichbleibend homogenen Presslingen führt. Durch die separat ausgebildeten zweiten Antriebsmittel können auch variable Presskraftverläufe eingestellt werden. Während im Stand der Technik die Eintauchgeschwindigkeit und die Dauer der maximalen Presskraft über eine entsprechende Kurve mechanisch unveränderlich eingestellt ist, können durch die Steuereinrichtung unterschiedliche Presskraftverläufe realisiert werden. Dies kann zum Beispiel für eine geeignete Verlängerung der Druckhaltezeit genutzt werden, ohne die Schaltzeit der Dosierscheibe unerwünscht zu beeinflussen. Es ergibt sich ein größeres Verarbeitungsfenster für verschiedene Produkte.As already mentioned, it is possible by a variable adjustment of the stroke length of the stuffing die to change the pressing force of the stuffing die, without having to provide separate adjustment options, for example, separate drives. In this case, all groups of stuffing dies are set in the same way, resulting in consistently homogeneous compacts. Due to the separately formed second drive means and variable pressing force curves can be adjusted. While in the prior art, the immersion speed and the duration of the maximum pressing force is set mechanically invariable over a corresponding curve, different pressing force profiles can be realized by the control device. This can be used, for example, for a suitable extension of the pressure holding time without undesirably influencing the switching time of the metering disk. This results in a larger processing window for different products.

Entsprechend betrifft die Erfindung auch ein Verfahren zum Füllen von Kapseln mit Füllmaterial in einer Stopfstempelstation einer Kapselfüllmaschine, wobei die Stopfstempelstation eine drehend antreibbare Dosierscheibe mit mindestens einer Gruppe von Bohrungen umfasst, weiterhin eine Fülleinrichtung zum Befüllen der Bohrungen mit dem Füllmaterial, mindestens eine Gruppe von Stopfstempeln und eine Gruppe von Ausstoßstempeln, wobei die Stopfstempel und die Ausstoßstempel vertikal verfahrbar sind, und wobei die Stopfstempelstation erste Antriebsmittel zum schrittweisen Drehen der Dosierscheibe entlang der mindestens einen Gruppe von Stopfstempeln und der Gruppe von Ausstoßstempeln und zweite Antriebsmittel zum vertikalen Verfahren zumindest der mindestens einen Gruppe von Stopfstempeln aufweist, wobei das Verfahren durch die folgenden Verfahrensschritte gekennzeichnet ist:

  • mittels der ersten Antriebsmittel wird die Dosierscheibe in eine Drehposition gedreht, in der die Gruppe von Bohrungen mit einer Gruppe von Stopfstempeln ausgerichtet ist,
  • mittels der zweiten Antriebsmittel werden die Stopfstempel zum Verpressen von in die Bohrungen gefülltem Füllmaterial zu Presslingen in die Bohrungen eingefahren, wobei die Stopfstempel für eine Druckhaltezeit in den Bohrungen gehalten werden und anschließend aus den Bohrungen herausgefahren werden,
  • mittels der ersten Antriebsmittel wird die Dosierscheibe in eine Drehposition gedreht, in der die Gruppe von Bohrungen mit der Gruppe von Ausstoßstempeln ausgerichtet ist,
  • die Ausstoßstempel werden zum Ausstoßen von durch die Stopfstempel in den Bohrungen erzeugten Presslingen in die Bohrungen eingefahren,
  • wobei durch variables Ansteuern der ersten Antriebsmittel und/oder der zweiten Antriebsmittel die Druckhaltezeit der Stopfstempel zwischen unterschiedlichen Füllprozessen variiert wird.
Accordingly, the invention also relates to a method for filling capsules with filling material in a stuffing die station of a capsule filling machine, wherein the stuffing die station comprises a rotationally drivable metering disc with at least one group of bores, furthermore a filling device for filling the bores with the filling material, at least one group of stuffing dies and a group of ejection stamps, with the stuffing dies and the ejection stamps vertically movable, and wherein the stuffing die station comprises first drive means for incrementally rotating the metering disk along the at least one group of stuffing dies and the group of ejection punches and second drive means for vertically moving at least the at least one group of stuffing dies, the method being characterized by the following method steps is:
  • by means of the first drive means, the metering disk is rotated to a rotational position, in which the group of bores is aligned with a group of stuffing dies,
  • by means of the second drive means, the stuffing dies are pressed into the bores for pressing filling material filled into the bores into pellets, the stuffing punches being held in the bores for a pressure-keeping time and subsequently being driven out of the bores,
  • the metering disk is rotated by means of the first drive means into a rotational position in which the group of bores is aligned with the group of ejection punches,
  • the ejection punches are inserted into the bores for the ejection of compacts produced in the bores by the stuffing punches,
  • wherein by variable driving of the first drive means and / or the second drive means, the pressure holding time of the stuffing die is varied between different filling processes.

Die Stopfstempel, vorzugsweise die Stopfstempel und die Ausstoßstempel, können dabei an einem vertikal verfahrbaren Stempelträger gehalten sein, der durch die zweiten Antriebsmittel vertikal verfahren wird. Die Druckhaltezeit der Stopfstempel in den Bohrungen ist definiert als die Zeit, in der bei einem Pressvorgang durch die Stopfstempel die maximale Presskraft wirkt. Diese Druckhaltezeit kann durch eine geeignete Steuerung der ersten und/oder zweiten Antriebsmittel gezielt eingestellt werden. Beispielsweise können die Stopfstempel durch die zweiten Antriebsmittel schneller in die Bohrungen eingefahren und/oder aus den Bohrungen ausgefahren werden und damit ohne Veränderung der Taktzeiten der Dosierscheibe die Druckhaltezeit verlängert werden. Auch ist es möglich, bei gleichbleibender Eintauch- und Ausfahrgeschwindigkeit der Stopfstempel durch eine Veränderung der Taktzeiten der Dosierscheibe die Druckhaltezeit zu verändern. Auf diese Weise kann durch die separaten ersten und zweiten Antriebsmittel die Druckhaltezeit bei einem Wechsel des Füllprozesses, beispielsweise einem Wechsel des zu verpressenden Füllmaterials, verändert und damit individuell an die jeweiligen Prozessbedingungen angepasst werden. Die Qualität der in der Stopfstempelstation erzeugten Presslinge kann dadurch erhöht werden.The stuffing punches, preferably the stuffing punches and the ejection punches, can be held on a vertically movable punch carrier, which is moved vertically by the second drive means. The pressure holding time of the stuffing dies in the bores is defined as the time in which the maximum pressing force is exerted by the stuffing dies during a pressing process. This pressure-holding time can be set specifically by a suitable control of the first and / or second drive means. For example, the stuffing punches by the second drive means retracted faster in the holes and / or extended out of the holes and thus the pressure holding time can be extended without changing the cycle times of the metering. It is also possible to change the pressure holding time by changing the cycle times of the metering disk while keeping the stuffing die constant. In this way, by the separate first and second drive means, the pressure holding time at a change of the filling process, such as a change of the filling material to be pressed, changed and thus adapted individually to the respective process conditions. The quality of the pellets produced in the stuffing stamp station can thereby be increased.

Durch die separaten ersten und zweiten Antriebsmittel ist es weiterhin möglich, die Stopfstempelstation nach dem Produktionsende in einfacher Weise leer zu fahren. Hierzu kann die Hubbewegung des Stempelträgers deaktiviert werden und die Dosierscheibe kann zum Beispiel zu dauerhaftem Drehen angetrieben werden, so dass sich noch in der Stopfstempelstation befindliches beispielsweise pulverförmiges Füllmaterial abgefördert und aufgefangen werden kann. Darüber hinaus ist es möglich, dass die Stopfstempelstation Wegmess- und/oder Presskraftsensoren aufweist, mit denen der im Zuge der Herstellung der Presslinge zurückgelegte Weg des Trägers bzw. der Stopf- und/oder Ausstoßstempel und/oder die im Zuge der Herstellung der Presslinge auftretenden Presskräfte gemessen werden. Die Messergebnisse können an die Steuereinrichtung gegeben werden und diese kann eine geeignete Regelung auf vorgegebene Weglängen und/oder Presskräfte durchführen. So können beispielsweise bestimmte Presskräfte vorgegeben werden, wodurch wiederum die Masse und Dichte der hergestellten Presslinge definiert wird.Due to the separate first and second drive means, it is also possible to empty the stuffing stamp station after the end of production in a simple manner. For this purpose, the lifting movement of the punch carrier can be deactivated and the dosing can be driven, for example, to permanent rotation, so that even in the stuffing stamp station befindliches example pulverulent filler can be removed and collected. Moreover, it is possible for the stuffing stamp station to have path measuring and / or press force sensors with which the path traveled by the carrier or the stuffing and / or ejection punches in the course of the production of the compacts and / or those occurring during the production of the compacts Press forces are measured. The measurement results can be given to the control device and this can perform a suitable control on predetermined path lengths and / or pressing forces. For example, certain pressing forces can be specified, which in turn defines the mass and density of the produced compacts.

Der Stempelträger kann gemäß einer besonders praxisgemäßen Ausgestaltung eine Trägerplatte oder Trägerbrücke sein, wobei bei Vorsehen von zwei Spindeltrieben die Spindeltriebe, insbesondere die Antriebsspindeln oder die Spindelmuttern, an gegenüberliegenden Enden der Trägerplatte oder Trägerbrücke befestigt sind. Hierdurch wird eine besonders gleichmäßige Krafterzeugung erreicht.The punch carrier can be according to a particularly practical embodiment, a support plate or support bridge, with the provision of two spindle drives the spindle drives, in particular the drive spindles or the spindle nuts, are fastened to opposite ends of the carrier plate or carrier bridge. As a result, a particularly uniform force generation is achieved.

Die Spindeltriebe können jeweils eine an dem Stempelträger befestigte vertikale Antriebsspindel umfassen, wobei die Antriebsspindeln jeweils in einer drehbar und axial fest gelagerten Spindelmutter geführt sind, wobei die mindestens zwei Antriebsmotoren jeweils eine der Spindelmuttern zum vertikalen Verfahren des Stempelträgers drehend antreiben. In diesem Fall werden durch die Drehung der axial festen Spindelmuttern also die Antriebsspindeln und mit ihnen der Stempelträger vertikal verfahren.The spindle drives may each comprise a fixed to the punch carrier vertical drive spindle, wherein the drive spindles are each guided in a rotatably and axially fixed spindle nut, wherein the at least two drive motors each one of the spindle nuts for vertical movement of the die carrier rotatably drive. In this case, the drive spindles and with them the punch carrier are moved vertically by the rotation of the axially fixed spindle nuts.

Gemäß einer alternativen Ausgestaltung können die Spindeltriebe jeweils eine drehbar und axial fest gelagerte vertikale Antriebsspindel umfassen, wobei die Antriebsspindeln jeweils in einer an dem Stempelträger befestigten Spindelmutter drehbar geführt sind, wobei die mindestens zwei Antriebsmotoren jeweils eine der Antriebsspindeln zum vertikalen Verfahren des Stempelträgers drehend antreiben. In diesem Fall werden durch die Drehung der axial festen Antriebsspindeln also die Spindelmuttern und mit ihnen der Stempelträger vertikal verfahren.According to an alternative embodiment, the spindle drives may each comprise a rotatably and axially fixedly mounted vertical drive spindle, wherein the drive spindles are each rotatably guided in a spindle nut secured to the punch carrier, wherein the at least two drive motors each rotationally drive one of the drive spindles for vertical movement of the die carrier. In this case, the spindle nuts and thus the punch carrier are moved vertically by the rotation of the axially fixed drive spindles.

Die Antriebsmotoren der zweiten Antriebsmittel können elektrische Motoren sein. Die axial fest angeordneten Spindelmuttern bzw. Antriebsspindeln können dann jeweils an den Rotoren der Antriebsmotoren der zweiten Antriebsmittel befestigt sein und mit diesen gedreht werden. Es kann sich insbesondere um Direktantriebe handeln. Als elektrische Motoren kommen vorzugsweise Servomotoren oder Torque-Motoren in Frage. Diese sind besonders gut und flexibel steuerbar.The drive motors of the second drive means may be electric motors. The axially fixed spindle nuts or drive spindles can then be respectively attached to the rotors of the drive motors of the second drive means and rotated with them. It may in particular be direct drives. As electric motors are preferably servomotors or torque motors in question. These are particularly good and flexibly controllable.

Nach einer weiteren Ausgestaltung können die axial fest angeordneten Spindelmuttern bzw. Antriebsspindeln jeweils in einem Sackloch der Antriebsmotoren angeordnet sein. Beispielswiese wenn die Spindelmuttern axial fest in dem Sachloch angeordnet sind, können die Antriebsspindeln in Axialrichtung begrenzt durch das Ende des Sacklochs in diesem verfahren, so dass eine vergrößerte Hublänge für die Stopf- und Ausstoßstempel zur Verfügung stehen. Zur weiteren Vergrößerung der Hublänge kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Antriebsmotoren der zweiten Antriebsmittel jeweils Hohlwellenmotoren sind, wobei die axial fest angeordneten Spindelmuttern jeweils in den Hohlwellen der Antriebsmotoren angeordnet sind. Insbesondere können die Rotoren der Antriebsmotoren als Hohlwellenrotoren ausgebildet sein. Es ist bei dieser Ausgestaltung eine im Wesentlichen unbegrenzte Hublänge für die Stopf- und Ausstoßstempel möglich, indem insbesondere die Antriebsspindeln axial in der Hohlwelle verfahren.According to a further embodiment, the axially fixed spindle nuts or drive spindles each in a blind hole of Drive motors can be arranged. For example, if the spindle nuts are axially fixed in the blind hole, the drive spindles can move axially limited by the end of the blind hole in this, so that an increased stroke length for the stuffing and ejection punch are available. To further increase the stroke length can be provided that the drive motors of the second drive means are each hollow shaft motors, the axially fixed spindle nuts are respectively arranged in the hollow shafts of the drive motors. In particular, the rotors of the drive motors can be designed as hollow shaft rotors. In this embodiment, a substantially unlimited stroke length for the stuffing and discharge punches is possible, in particular by the drive spindles moving axially in the hollow shaft.

Die ersten Antriebsmittel können einen Servomotor umfassen. Weiterhin kann es sich bei den ersten Antriebsmitteln um einen Direktantrieb handeln, beispielsweise einen Torque-Motor. Durch derartige Antriebe ist ein flexibles Verfahren der Dosierscheibe besonders gut steuerbar.The first drive means may comprise a servomotor. Furthermore, the first drive means may be a direct drive, for example a torque motor. By such drives a flexible method of metering is particularly easy to control.

Die Fülleinrichtung kann durch eine die Dosierscheibe zumindest teilweise überdeckende Füllwanne gebildet sein, in der sich das in die Bohrungen zu füllende Füllmaterial befindet. Die Dosierscheibe dreht sich unter dieser Füllwanne. Sie überdeckt die Dosierscheibe insbesondere derart, dass die Bohrungen bei ihrer Drehung vor dem Erreichen jeder Gruppe von Stopfstempeln unter der Füllwanne hindurchlaufen und sich insbesondere im Bereich jeder Gruppe von Stopfstempeln noch unterhalb der Füllwanne befinden. Die Stopfstempel treten dann durch das in der Füllwanne befindliche Füllmaterial hindurch in die Bohrungen ein, fördern dabei durch Schwerkraft noch nicht in die Bohrungen gefallenes Füllmaterial in die Bohrungen und verpressen das Füllmaterial dann in den Bohrungen.The filling device can be formed by a filling trough which at least partially covers the metering disk and in which the filling material to be filled into the bores is located. The dosing disc rotates under this filling trough. In particular, it covers the metering disk in such a way that the holes, as they are rotated, pass under the filling trough before they reach each group of tamping punches and are still below the filling trough, in particular in the region of each group of tamping tampers. The stuffing punches then pass through the filling material located in the filling trough into the bores, thereby conveying by gravity not fallen filler material into the bores and then pressing the filling material into the bores.

Wie bereits erwähnt, kann die Dosierscheibe mindestens zwei Gruppen von Bohrungen umfassen. Weiterhin kann die Dosierscheibe n Gruppen von Bohrungen umfassen, wobei n eine natürliche Zahl größer als 2 ist. An dem Stempelträger sind dann n-1 Gruppen von Stopfstempeln gehalten. Es können beispielsweise sechs Gruppen von Bohrungen und entsprechend fünf Gruppen von Stopfstempeln und eine Gruppe von Ausstoßstempeln vorgesehen sein.As already mentioned, the dosing disc can comprise at least two groups of bores. Furthermore, the metering disk can comprise n groups of bores, where n is a natural number greater than 2. On the punch carrier then n-1 groups of stuffing dies are held. For example, six sets of holes and correspondingly five sets of stuffing dies and one group of ejection punches may be provided.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch eine Kapselfüllmaschine zum Befüllen von aus einem Kapseloberteil und einem Kapselunterteil zusammengesetzten Kapseln, umfassend ein Förderrad, an dessen Umfang eine Mehrzahl von Kapselhaltern vorgesehen ist, die jeweils eine Gruppe von Kapselaufnahmen für jeweils eine Kapsel aufweisen, weiter umfassend einen Förderradantrieb, mit dem das Förderrad taktweise gedreht werden kann, so dass sich die Kapselhalter taktweise entlang einer Förderbahn bewegen, und umfassend eine Mehrzahl von entlang der Förderbahn angeordneten Prozessstationen, wobei die Prozessstationen mindestens eine Zuführstation zum Zuführen von zu befüllenden Kapseln in die Kapselaufnahmen, mindestens eine Öffnungsstation zum Öffnen der zu befüllenden Kapseln durch Trennen der Kapseloberteile von den Kapselunterteilen, mindestens eine erfindungsgemäße Stopfstempelstation nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, mindestens eine Schließstation zum Schließen der befüllten Kapseln durch Verbinden der Kapseloberteile mit den Kapselunterteilen, und mindestens eine Auswurfstation zum Auswerfen der befüllten Kapseln umfassen. Eine oder mehrere Prozessstationen können dabei zu einer gemeinsamen Prozessstation integriert sein.The invention also relates to a capsule filling machine for filling capsules composed of a capsule upper part and a capsule lower part, comprising a delivery wheel, on the circumference of which a plurality of capsule holders are provided, each having a group of capsule receptacles for each capsule, further comprising a conveyor wheel drive in that the conveyor wheel can be cyclically rotated, so that the capsule holders move cyclically along a conveyor track, and comprising a plurality of process stations arranged along the conveyor track, the process stations having at least one feed station for feeding capsules to be filled into the capsule receptacles, at least one opening station for Opening the capsules to be filled by separating the capsule tops from the capsule bases, at least one stuffing die station according to any one of the preceding claims, at least one closing station for closing the filled capsule ln by connecting the capsule tops to the capsule bottoms, and at least one ejection station to eject the filled capsules. One or more process stations can be integrated into a common process station.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren können die Stopfstempel jeweils im Zuge des Einfahrens in die Bohrungen noch nicht durch Schwerkraft in die Bohrungen gelangtes Füllmaterial in die Bohrungen fördern, so dass die Dosierscheibe zwischen den einzelnen Pressvorgängen nicht zwingend gedreht werden muss. Je nach Fließeigenschaft des jeweiligen Materials kann es aber erforderlich sein, die Dosierscheibe zwischen zwei Pressvorgängen zu drehen (beispielsweise um 360°), damit das Pulverbett wieder gleichmäßig geschlossen ist. Entsprechend kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Dosierscheibe nach jedem Pressvorgang und vor dem nächsten Pressvorgang mittels der ersten Antriebsmittel in eine erste Drehrichtung und/oder in eine zweite Drehrichtung gedreht wird bis sie erneut die Drehposition einnimmt, in der die Bohrungen zu den Stopfstempeln ausgerichtet sind. Das Drehen der Dosierscheibe in die zu den Stopfstempeln bzw. Ausstoßstempeln ausgerichtete Position der Bohrungen und das anschließende Weiterdrehen sowie das vertikale Verfahren der Stopfstempel bzw. Ausstoßstempel kann dabei zeitlich versetzt zueinander oder zeitlich zumindest teilweise parallel zueinander erfolgen, wie oben grundsätzlich erläutert.In the method according to the invention, the stuffing punches can not in the course of retraction into the holes yet conveyed by gravity into the holes filling material into the holes, so that the dosing between the individual pressing operations does not necessarily have to be rotated. Depending on the flow characteristics of the respective material, however, it may be necessary to turn the metering disc between two pressing operations (for example by 360 °), so that the powder bed is again uniformly closed. Accordingly, it can be provided that the dosing is rotated after each pressing operation and before the next pressing operation by means of the first drive means in a first direction of rotation and / or in a second direction of rotation until it again assumes the rotational position in which the holes are aligned with the stuffing dies. The rotation of the metering in the aligned to the stuffing dies or discharge temples position of the holes and the subsequent further rotation and the vertical method of stuffing punches or ejection punches can be offset in time or at least partially parallel to each other, as basically explained above.

Insbesondere wenn mindestens zwei Gruppen von Bohrungen in der Dosierscheibe vorgesehen sind, kann das Verfahren der Ausstoßstempel in die Bohrungen und aus den Bohrungen durch die zweiten Antriebsmittel erfolgen, also gemeinsam mit den Stopfstempeln. Wie erwähnt, kann bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren jedoch insbesondere auch eine Dosierscheibe eingesetzt werden, die nur eine Gruppe von Bohrungen besitzt. In diesem Fall kann das Verfahren der Ausstoßstempel in die Bohrungen und aus den Bohrungen durch dritte Antriebsmittel erfolgen, mittels der die Ausstoßstempel unabhängig von den Stopfstempeln verfahrbar sind.In particular, if at least two groups of bores are provided in the metering disk, the method of the ejection punches can take place in the bores and out of the holes through the second drive means, ie together with the tamping dies. As mentioned, in the method according to the invention, however, in particular a metering disk can be used which has only one group of holes. In this case, the method of ejection punches in the bores and out of the bores by third drive means, by means of which the ejection punches are movable independently of the stuffing dies.

Insbesondere wenn nur eine Gruppe von Bohrungen vorgesehen ist, ist das Vorsehen separater Antriebsmittel für die Ausstoßstempel erforderlich, damit diese während des Erzeugens von Presslingen in den Bohrungen durch die Stopfstempel nicht gemeinsam mit den Stopfstempeln gegen die geschlossene Dosierscheibe verfahren. Es ist durch die separaten dritten Antriebsmittel also insbesondere möglich, dass die Ausstoßstempel bei einem vertikalen Einfahren der Stopfstempel in die Bohrungen nicht mit diesen verfahren. Bei Vorsehen separater dritter Antriebsmittel für die Ausstoßstempel wird außerdem der Hub der Ausstoßstempel in vorteilhafter Weise nicht durch den Hub der Stopfstempel beeinflusst.In particular, if only one group of holes is provided, the provision of separate drive means for the ejection punches is required so that they do not move together with the stuffing dies against the closed metering disk during the production of compacts in the holes by the stuffing dies. It is therefore possible in particular by the separate third drive means that the ejection punch does not move with these in a vertical retraction of the stuffing die in the holes. In providing separate third drive means for the ejection punch also the stroke of the ejection punch is not affected in an advantageous manner by the stroke of the stuffing die.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Stopfstempelstation bzw. einer erfindungsgemäßen Kapselfüllmaschine durchgeführt werden. Es ist bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren möglich, dass die Stopfstempel und die Ausstoßstempel nicht an einem Stempelträger angeordnet sind. Bei Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Stopfstempelstation mit nur einer Gruppe von Bohrungen können die dritten Antriebsmittel für das separate Verfahren an dem Stempelträger angeordnet sein, so dass die Ausstoßstempel trotz gemeinsamer Anordnung an dem Stempelträger getrennt von den Stopfstempeln verfahrbar sind.The inventive method can be carried out with a stuffing die station according to the invention or a capsule filling machine according to the invention. It is possible in the method according to the invention that the stuffing punches and the ejection punches are not arranged on a punch carrier. When using the stuffing die station according to the invention with only one group of holes, the third drive means for the separate method can be arranged on the punch carrier so that the ejection punches can be moved separately from the stuffing punches despite the common arrangement on the punch carrier.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand von Figuren näher erläutert. Es zeigen schematisch:

Fig. 1
eine erfindungsgemäße Stopfstempelstation in einer ersten Schnittansicht,
Fig. 2
die Stopfstempelstation aus Fig. 1 in einer zweiten Schnittansicht,
Fig. 3
die Stopfstempelstation aus Fig. 1 in einem zweiten Betriebszustand, und
Fig. 4
die Stopfstempelstation aus Fig. 1 in einem dritten Betriebszustand.
Embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to figures. They show schematically:
Fig. 1
a stuffing die station according to the invention in a first sectional view,
Fig. 2
the stuffing stamp station off Fig. 1 in a second sectional view,
Fig. 3
the stuffing stamp station off Fig. 1 in a second operating state, and
Fig. 4
the stuffing stamp station off Fig. 1 in a third operating state.

Soweit nichts anderes angegeben ist, bezeichnen in den Figuren gleiche Bezugszeichen gleiche Gegenstände. Die in den Figuren gezeigte Stopfstempelstation ist als Teil einer Kapselfüllmaschine zum Befüllen von beispielsweise Hartgelatinekapseln mit einem beispielsweise pulverförmigen Füllmaterial vorgesehen. Die Kapseln bestehen in der Regel aus einem Kapseloberteil und einem Kapselunterteil. Die Kapselfüllmaschine umfasst ein Förderrad, an dessen Umfang eine Mehrzahl von Kapselhaltern vorgesehen ist, die jeweils eine Gruppe von Kapselaufnahmen aufweisen, in denen jeweils eine Kapsel bzw. ein Kapselunterteil gehalten ist. Weiterhin umfasst die Kapselfüllmaschine einen Förderradantrieb, mit dem das Förderrad taktweise gedreht werden kann, so dass sich die Kapselhalter taktweise entlang einer Förderbahn bewegen. Darüber hinaus umfasst die Kapselfüllmaschine eine Mehrzahl von entlang der Förderbahn angeordneten Prozessstationen, unter anderem mindestens eine Zuführstation zum Zuführen von zu befüllenden Kapseln in die Kapselaufnahmen, mindestens eine Öffnungsstation zum Öffnen der zu befüllenden Kapseln durch Trennen der Kapseloberteile von den Kapselunterteilen, die in den Figuren gezeigte Stopfstempelstation, mindestens eine Schließstation zum Schließen der befüllten Kapseln durch Verbinden der Kapseloberteile mit den Kapselunterteilen und mindestens einer Auswurfstation zum Auswerfen der befüllten Kapseln.Unless otherwise indicated, like reference characters designate like items throughout the figures. The stuffing die station shown in the figures is provided as part of a capsule filling machine for filling, for example, hard gelatin capsules with, for example, powdered filling material. The capsules usually consist of a capsule shell and a capsule base. The capsule filling machine comprises a delivery wheel, on whose circumference a plurality of capsule holders is provided, each having a group of capsule receptacles, in each of which a capsule or a capsule lower part is held. Furthermore, the capsule filling machine comprises a conveyor wheel drive with which the conveyor wheel can be cyclically rotated, so that the capsule holders move cyclically along a conveyor track. In addition, the capsule filling machine comprises a plurality of process stations arranged along the conveyor track, including at least one feed station for feeding capsules to be filled into the capsule receptacles, at least one opening station for opening the capsules to be filled by separating the capsule tops from the capsule bases shown in FIGS at least one closing station for closing the filled capsules by connecting the capsule tops with the capsule bottoms and at least one ejection station for ejecting the filled capsules.

Die in den Figuren dargestellte Stopfstempelstation besitzt eine Dosierscheibe 10, die entlang ihres Umfangs gleichmäßig verteilt mehrere Gruppen von Bohrungen 12 aufweist. Über einen Flansch 14 ist eine Antriebswelle 16 mit der Dosierscheibe 10 verbunden, die von einem ersten Antriebsmotor 18, beispielsweise einem Servomotor oder Torque-Motor, um die Drehachse 20 drehend antreibbar ist. Mit der Antriebswelle 16 wird die Dosierscheibe 10 ebenfalls gedreht. Auf einer mit der Dosierscheibe nicht mitdrehenden Halteplatte 22 ist ein Sockel 24 angeordnet, der eine Stopfscheibe 26 trägt. Die Stopfscheibe 26 schließt die Bohrungen 12 im Bereich von Stopfstempeln 28 nach unten ab und bildet ein Gegenlager für die Stopfstempel 28. Die Stopfstempel 28 sind über Federn 30 an einem platten- bzw. brückenförmigen Stempelträger 32 befestigt. An gegenüberliegenden Enden des Stempelträgers 32 sind in dem gezeigten Beispiel Antriebsspindeln 34 befestigt. Die Antriebsspindeln 34 sind in Führungen 36 axial verschieblich aufgenommen und befinden sich mit einem Außengewinde in Eingriff mit Spindelmuttern 38. Die Spindelmuttern 38 sind in dem gezeigten Beispiel jeweils an dem als Hohlwelle ausgebildeten Rotor eines Hohlwellenmotors 40 axial fest angeordnet und mit dem Rotor des Hohlwellenmotors 40 drehbar. Wie in Fig. 1 erkennbar, erstrecken sich die Antriebsspindeln 34 durch die Halteplatte 22 hindurch in die Hohlwellen der Hohlwellenmotoren 40. Durch Drehen der Spindelmuttern 38 werden die Antriebsspindeln 34 und mit ihnen der Stempelträger 32 mit den Stopfstempeln 28 und unten noch zu erläuternde Ausstoßstempel in vertikaler Richtung verfahren. Es können beispielsweise fünf Gruppen von Stopfstempeln 28 vorgesehen sein. In der Dosierscheibe 10 können dann beispielsweise sechs Gruppen von Bohrungen 12 ausgebildet sein. Bei dem Bezugszeichen 42 ist darüber hinaus eine Füllwanne gezeigt, die mit dem in die Bohrungen zu füllenden Füllmaterial gefüllt ist.The stuffing die station shown in the figures has a metering disk 10 which has a plurality of groups of bores 12 distributed uniformly along its circumference. Via a flange 14, a drive shaft 16 is connected to the metering disk 10, which can be driven in rotation by a first drive motor 18, for example a servomotor or torque motor, about the axis of rotation 20. With the drive shaft 16, the metering disk 10 is also rotated. On a non-rotating with the dosing disc holding plate 22, a base 24 is arranged, which carries a stuffing disc 26. The stopper plate 26 closes the holes 12 in Area of Stopfstempeln 28 down and forms an abutment for the stuffing ram 28. The stuffing punches 28 are secured by springs 30 to a plate or bridge-shaped punch carrier 32. At opposite ends of the punch carrier 32, drive spindles 34 are mounted in the example shown. The drive spindles 34 are received in axially displaceable manner in guides 36 and are in engagement with spindle nuts 38 with an external thread. In the example shown, the spindle nuts 38 are fixed axially to the rotor of a hollow shaft motor 40 designed as a hollow shaft and to the rotor of the hollow shaft motor 40 rotatable. As in Fig. 1 Recognizable extending the drive spindles 34 through the support plate 22 into the hollow shafts of the hollow shaft motors 40. By turning the spindle nuts 38, the drive spindles 34 and with them the punch carrier 32 with the stuffing dies 28 and below to be explained ejection punch in the vertical direction. For example, five groups of stuffing punches 28 may be provided. For example, six groups of bores 12 can then be formed in the metering disk 10. In the reference numeral 42, a filling trough is also shown, which is filled with the filling material to be filled into the bores.

In Fig. 2 ist zu erkennen, dass an dem Stempelträger 32 darüber hinaus eine Gruppe von Ausstoßstempeln 44 gehalten ist. Wie in Fig. 2 zu erkennen, deckt die Stopfscheibe 26 die Unterseite der Bohrungen 12 im Bereich der Ausstoßstempel 44 nicht ab, so dass die Bohrungen 12 hier nach unten offen sind. Bei dem Bezugszeichen 46 ist außerdem eine Abstreifeinrichtung zum Abstreifen von Füllmaterial von der Oberseite der Dosierscheibe 10 im Bereich der Ausstoßstempel 44 zu erkennen.In Fig. 2 It can be seen that on the punch carrier 32 beyond a group of Ausstoßstempeln 44 is held. As in Fig. 2 To recognize the stuffing disc 26 does not cover the bottom of the holes 12 in the region of the ejection punch 44, so that the holes 12 are open here down. The reference numeral 46 also shows a stripping device for stripping filling material from the upper side of the metering disk 10 in the region of the ejection punches 44.

Im Betrieb wird die Dosierscheibe 10 über den Antriebsmotor 18 schrittweise gedreht, wobei die Gruppen von Bohrungen 12 jeweils mit einer Gruppe von Stopfstempeln 28 beziehungsweise der Gruppe von Ausstoßstempeln 44 ausgerichtet werden. Über die Hohlwellenmotoren 40 werden dabei die Spindelmuttern gedreht und dadurch die Antriebsspindeln 34 und somit der Stempelträger 32 mit den Stopfstempeln 28 und den Ausstoßstempeln 44 in vertikaler Richtung derart verfahren, dass die Stopfstempel 28 in den Bohrungen 12 sukzessive Presslinge aus dem in der Füllwanne 42 befindlichen pulverförmigen Füllmaterial bilden. Die Bohrungen 12, die mit den Ausstoßstempeln 44 ausgerichtet sind, sind wie erwähnt an ihrer Unterseite offen. Dadurch können die Ausstoßstempel 44 die in den Bohrungen 12 erzeugten Presslinge nach unten ausstoßen in dazu ausgerichtete Kapselunterteile, die sich in Kapselhaltern der Kapselfüllmaschine befinden. Das Verfahren der Stopfstempel 28 nach unten und in die Bohrungen 12 hinein ist in den Fig. 3 und 4 veranschaulicht.In operation, the metering disk 10 is rotated stepwise via the drive motor 18, wherein the groups of bores 12 each with a group of Stopfstempeln 28 and the group of Ausstoßstempeln 44th be aligned. About the hollow shaft motors 40 while the spindle nuts are rotated and thereby the drive spindles 34 and thus the punch carrier 32 with the stuffing dies 28 and the Ausstoßstempeln 44 in the vertical direction such that the stuffing die 28 in the holes 12 successive compacts from the located in the filling trough 42 form powdery filler. The holes 12 which are aligned with the Ausstoßstempeln 44 are open as mentioned on its underside. As a result, the ejection punches 44 can eject the pellets produced in the bores 12 downwardly into capsule bases oriented in capsule holders of the capsule filling machine. The method of stuffing punches 28 down and into the holes 12 is in the 3 and 4 illustrated.

Es ist darüber hinaus eine in den Figuren nicht gezeigte Steuereinrichtung vorgesehen, die den Antriebsmotor 18 einerseits und die Hohlwellenmotoren 40 andererseits in geeigneter Weise koordiniert zueinander ansteuert. Aufgrund der Trennung der Antriebsmittel für die Dosierscheibe 10 einerseits und dem Stempelträger 32 mit den Stopfstempeln 28 und den Ausstoßstempeln 44 andererseits ist es möglich, die Schalt- und Rastzeiten variabel einzustellen. Auch ist es möglich, die Hublänge des Stempelträgers 32 und damit der Stopfstempel 28 und der Ausstoßstempel 44 zu verändern. Es können weiterhin geeignete Sensoren vorgesehen sein, mit denen beispielsweise die Presskraft im Bereich der Stopfstempel 28 gemessen wird. Die Messergebnisse können der Steuereinrichtung zugeführt werden und die Steuereinrichtung kann geeignete Regelkreise ausführen, um vorgegebene Presskräfte einzuhalten.In addition, a control device not shown in the figures is provided which controls the drive motor 18 on the one hand and the hollow shaft motors 40 on the other hand coordinated in a suitable manner to each other. Due to the separation of the drive means for the metering disc 10 on the one hand and the punch carrier 32 with the stuffing dies 28 and the discharge punches 44 on the other hand, it is possible to variably set the switching and rest periods. It is also possible to change the stroke length of the stamp carrier 32 and thus the stuffing punch 28 and the ejection punch 44. In addition, suitable sensors can be provided with which, for example, the pressing force in the region of the stuffing punches 28 is measured. The measurement results can be supplied to the control device and the control device can execute suitable control circuits in order to comply with predetermined pressing forces.

Obgleich in den Figuren eine Stopfstempelstation dargestellt ist mit mehreren Gruppen von Stopfstempeln 28, ist auch eine Ausgestaltung möglich, bei der nur eine Gruppe von Stopfstempeln 28 und eine Gruppe von Ausstoßstempeln 44 vorgesehen ist. Es ist dann möglich, dass die Dosierscheibe 10 derart durch den Antriebsmotor 18 gedreht wird, dass die gegebenenfalls einzige in der Dosierscheibe 10 ausgebildete Gruppe von Bohrungen 12 in Ausrichtung mit den Stopfstempeln 28 ist. Die Stopfstempel 28 können dann angesteuert durch die Hohlwellenmotoren 40 mehrfach nacheinander vertikal in die Bohrungen 12 einfahren und wieder herausfahren, so dass in mehreren Pressvorgängen sukzessive ein Pressling in jeder Bohrung 12 erzeugt wird. Anschließend kann die Dosierscheibe 10 derart weitergedreht werden, dass die Gruppe von Bohrungen 12 mit der Gruppe von Ausstoßstempeln 44 ausgerichtet ist und die Ausstoßstempel 44 können in der oben erläuterten Weise die in den Bohrungen 12 hergestellten Presslinge in Kapselunterteile ausstoßen. In diesem Fall sind nicht dargestellte dritte Antriebsmittel vorgesehen, mit denen die Ausstoßstempel unabhängig von den Stopfstempeln verfahrbar sind. Diese Verfahrensweise bietet sich insbesondere im Bereich der Galenik an. Es können besonders kompakt bauende Laborstopfstempelstationen eingesetzt werden.Although a stuffing stamp station is shown in the figures with several groups of stuffing dies 28, a configuration is also possible in which only one group of stuffing dies 28 and one group of discharge punches 44 are provided. It is then possible that the metering disc 10 so by the Drive motor 18 is rotated, that the possibly only formed in the metering disk 10 group of holes 12 in alignment with the stuffing dies 28. The stuffing punches 28 can then driven by the hollow shaft motors 40 several times in succession vertically into the bores 12 and drive out again, so that in successive pressing a compact in each hole 12 is generated. Subsequently, the metering disk 10 can be further rotated such that the group of bores 12 is aligned with the group of ejection dies 44 and the ejection punches 44 can eject the pellets produced in the bores 12 into capsule sub-parts as explained above. In this case, not shown third drive means are provided, with which the ejection punches are movable independently of the stuffing dies. This procedure is particularly suitable in the field of galenics. Particularly compact laboratory stoppers can be used.

Claims (16)

  1. A tamping punch station for filling capsules with filling material in a capsule filling machine, comprising a rotatably drivable dosing disc (10), which comprises at least one group of bores (12), a filling device for filling the bores (12) with the filling material, at least one group of tamping punches (28) and a group of ejection punches (44), wherein the tamping punches (28) and the ejection punches (44) are held on a vertically movable punch support (32), wherein the tamping punches (28) for pressing the filling material into the bores (12) and the ejection punches (44) for ejecting pellets created by the tamping punches (28) in the bores (12) can move into the bores (12) through vertical movement of the punch support (32), characterised in that first drive devices for incremental rotation of the dosing disc (10) along the at least one group of tamping punches (28) and the group of ejection punches (44), and second drive devices for vertically moving the punch support (32) for entrance of the tamping punches (28) and the ejection punches (44) into the bores (12) are provided, wherein the drive trains for rotating the dosing disc (10) on the one hand, and those for vertical movement of the punch support (32) on the other hand are separated, wherein the second drive devices comprise at least two spindle drives acting on the punch support (32), each with one spindle nut (38) and one vertical drive spindle (34) guided in the spindle nut (38), and wherein the second drive means comprise at least two driving motors (18) from which each one drives one of the spindle drives at a time for vertical movement of the punch support (32).
  2. The tamping punch station according to claim 1, characterised in that the punch support (32) is a support plate or a support bridge, the spindle drives being fastened on opposing sides of the support plate or support bridge.
  3. A tamping punch station according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that each of the spindle drives comprises one vertical drive spindle (34) at a time, fastened on the punch support (32), wherein each of the drive spindles (34) is guided in a rotationally and axially fixedly mounted spindle nut (38) and wherein each of the at least two driving motors (18) rotationally drives one of the spindle nuts (38) for vertical movement of the punch support (32).
  4. A tamping punch station according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that each of the spindle drives comprises a rotatable and axially fixedly mounted vertical drive spindle (34), wherein each one of the drive spindles (34) is rotationally guided in a spindle nut (38) which is fixed on the punch support (32) and wherein each of the at least two driving motors (18) rotationally drives one of the drive spindles (38) for vertical movement of the punch support (32).
  5. A tamping punch station according to any one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the driving motors (18) of the second driving devices are electric motors.
  6. A tamping punch station according to any one of the claims 3 to 5, characterised in that the spindle nuts (38) or the drive spindles (34) are each at a time arranged in a blind hole of the driving motors (18).
  7. A tamping punch station according to any one of the claims 3 to 5, characterised in that the driving motors (18) of the second drive devices are each hollow shaft motors (40), wherein each one of the spindle nuts (38) is arranged in the hollow shafts of the driving motors (18).
  8. A tamping punch station according to any one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the first drive devices comprise a semomotor.
  9. A tamping punch station according to any one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the first drive devices comprise a direct drive, a torque-motor in particular.
  10. A tamping punch station according to any one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the dosing disc (10) comprises at least two groups of bores (12).
  11. A tamping punch station according to any one of the foregoing claims, characterised in that the dosing disc (10) comprises n groups of bores (12), wherein n is >2 and wherein n-1 groups of tamping punches (28) are held on the punch support (32).
  12. A capsule filling machine for filling capsules composed of a capsule top part and a capsule bottom part, comprising a a conveyor wheel, on the perimeter of which a plurality of capsule holders is provided, each of which has a group of capsule receivers for one capsule at a time, further comprising a conveyor wheel drive, by which the conveyor wheel can be rotated incrementally so that the capsule holders move incrementally along a conveyor track, and comprising a plurality of process stations arranged along the conveyor track, wherein the process stations comprise at least one feeding station for feeding capsules to be filled into the capsule receivers, at least one opening station for opening the capsules to be filled by separating the capsule top parts from the capsule bottom parts, at least one tamping punch station according to any one of the preceding claims, at least one closing station for closing the filled capsules by connecting the capsule top parts with the capsule bottom parts, and at least one ejection station for ejecting the filled capsules.
  13. A method for filling capsules with filling material in a tamping punch station of a capsule filling machine, wherein the tamping punch station comprises a rotatably drivable dosing disc (10) with at least one group of bores (12), furthermore a filling device for filling the bores (12) with the filling material, at least one group of tamping punches (28) and a group of ejection punches (44), wherein the tamping punches (28) and the ejection punches (44) can be moved vertically and wherein the tamping punch station comprises first drive devices for incremental rotation of the dosing disc (10) along the at least one group of tamping punches (28) and the group of ejection punches (44), and second drive devices for vertically moving at least the at least one group of tamping punches (28), wherein the drive trains for rotating the dosing disc (10) on the one hand, and those for vertical movement at least of the at least one group of tamping punches (28) on the other hand are separated, characterised by the following procedural steps:
    • by means of the first drive devices, the dosing disc (10) is rotated into a rotational position in which the group of bores (12) is aligned to a group of tamping punches (28),
    • by means of the second drive devices, the tamping punches (28) are moved into the bores (12) for pressing filling material filled into the bores (12) to pellets, wherein the tamping punches (28) are held in the bores (12) for a pressure dwell time and are subsequently drawn out of the bores (12),
    • by means of the first drive devices, the dosing disc (10) is rotated into a rotational position in which the group of bores (12) is aligned to the group of ejection punches (44),
    • the ejection punches (44) are moved into the bores (12) for ejecting pellets created by the tamping punches (28) in the bores (12),
    • wherein the pressure dwell time of the tamping punches (28) is varied between different filling procedures by variable control of the first drive devices and/or the second drive devices.
  14. The method according to claim 13, characterised in that the movement of the ejection punches (44) into the bores (12) and out of the bores (12) takes place by the second drive devices, or that the movement of the ejection punches (44) into the bores (12) and out of the bores (12) takes place by third drive devices, by means of which the ejection punches (44) can be moved independently from the tamping punches (28).
  15. A method according to one of claims 13 or 14, characterised in that the tamping punches (28), preferably the tamping punches (28) and the ejection punches (44), are held on a vertically movable punch support (32), which is vertically moved by the second drive devices.
  16. A method according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterised in that it is performed by a tamping punch station according to any one of the claims 1 to 11, or by a capsule filling machine according to claim 12.
EP14199660.3A 2013-12-20 2014-12-22 Filling punch station and method for filling capsules in a filling punch station Active EP2886099B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE102013114693.7A DE102013114693A1 (en) 2013-12-20 2013-12-20 Stuffing stamp station and method of filling capsules in a stuffing stamp station

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EP2886099B1 true EP2886099B1 (en) 2016-07-20

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EP (1) EP2886099B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6254515B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101766694B1 (en)
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KR20150073127A (en) 2015-06-30
JP2015119970A (en) 2015-07-02
EP2886099A1 (en) 2015-06-24
CN104721053B (en) 2018-11-02
US10569912B2 (en) 2020-02-25
KR101766694B1 (en) 2017-08-09
JP6254515B2 (en) 2017-12-27
US20150175279A1 (en) 2015-06-25
CN104721053A (en) 2015-06-24
IN2014MU04093A (en) 2015-10-16
DE102013114693A1 (en) 2015-06-25

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