EP2881806B1 - Acoustic dispersion membrane for a musical watch - Google Patents
Acoustic dispersion membrane for a musical watch Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2881806B1 EP2881806B1 EP13196237.5A EP13196237A EP2881806B1 EP 2881806 B1 EP2881806 B1 EP 2881806B1 EP 13196237 A EP13196237 A EP 13196237A EP 2881806 B1 EP2881806 B1 EP 2881806B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- membrane
- central portion
- conical
- watch
- lateral wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims description 131
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 22
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241001639412 Verres Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000005300 metallic glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015243 ice cream Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000026683 transduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010361 transduction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B37/00—Cases
- G04B37/0075—Cases with means to enhance sound transmission
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B21/00—Indicating the time by acoustic means
- G04B21/02—Regular striking mechanisms giving the full hour, half hour or quarter hour
- G04B21/08—Sounding bodies; Whistles; Musical apparatus
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B23/00—Arrangements producing acoustic signals at preselected times
- G04B23/02—Alarm clocks
- G04B23/08—Alarm clocks operating on successive days without resetting; operating only once in each 24 hours
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K1/00—Devices in which sound is produced by striking a resonating body, e.g. bells, chimes or gongs
- G10K1/06—Devices in which sound is produced by striking a resonating body, e.g. bells, chimes or gongs the resonating devices having the shape of a bell, plate, rod, or tube
- G10K1/08—Details or accessories of general applicability
- G10K1/10—Sounding members; Mounting thereof; Clappers or other strikers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K9/00—Devices in which sound is produced by vibrating a diaphragm or analogous element, e.g. fog horns, vehicle hooters or buzzers
- G10K9/18—Details, e.g. bulbs, pumps, pistons, switches or casings
- G10K9/20—Sounding members
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
- H04R7/127—Non-planar diaphragms or cones dome-shaped
Definitions
- the invention relates to an acoustic radiation membrane for a musical watch, or a striking watch.
- a striking mechanism can be provided in a watch movement so as to generate a sound or a music.
- the timbre of the bell watch or the keyboard of the musical watch are generally placed in the watch case.
- These pieces of clothing are for example the middle part, the bezel, the ice and the bottom of the watch case. These large pieces of clothing begin to radiate sound in the air under the effect of transmitted vibrations.
- a sound is produced either by a stamp struck by a hammer or by one or more blades of the vibrating keyboard, these pieces of clothing are able to radiate the sound produced in the air.
- the acoustic efficiency based on the complex vibro-acoustic transduction of the trim pieces, is low.
- the material, geometry and boundary conditions of the trim pieces must be taken into account.
- the configurations of these pieces of clothing are also dependent on the aesthetics of the watch and operating constraints, which may limit the possibilities of adaptation.
- a membrane disposed inside the watch box.
- the membrane must be dimensioned so that all the notes generated by the vibration of one or more timbres, or the blades of a keyboard is radiated effectively. It is therefore important that the frequencies of the notes are close to those of the eigen modes of the membrane to enable it to come into resonance.
- the patent application EP 2 461 219 A1 which describes an acoustic radiation membrane for a musical watch or bell.
- This acoustic membrane has a general shape of bowl with its peripheral edge sandwiched between a part of the middle part and the bottom of the watch case.
- This membrane is designed with one or two asymmetrically shaped regions formed in the membrane material. The two regions excavated in the general thickness of the membrane are of different size. These two regions form ellipses, which are offset from each other with respect to the center of the membrane and overlap in part. With these ellipses in the membrane, it is possible to have a double number of eigen modes of vibration for each ellipse with respect to a circular-shaped region. However, this does not make it possible to increase the bandwidth of a vibratory mode of the membrane to obtain an amplified vibratory response over a larger frequency band, which is a drawback.
- the document FR1064970 discloses a domed watch window having the function of an acoustic radiation membrane.
- the object of the invention is therefore to overcome the drawbacks of the above-mentioned state of the art by providing an acoustic radiation membrane for a musical watch or a striking watch, made in such a way as to obtain an amplified vibratory response of the membrane on a greater bandwidth of frequencies.
- the invention relates to an acoustic radiation membrane comprising the characteristics defined in independent claims 1 and 2.
- An advantage of the acoustic radiation membrane lies in the fact that with a central portion of convex or conical shape, the vibration amplitude can be increased especially in the frequency band from 500 Hz to 3.5 kHz.
- the acoustic response of the membrane is substantially improved compared to a traditional solution throughout the range of interest rates.
- the first mode of vibration of each generated note is therefore at least in the frequency range between 500 Hz and 3.5 kHz.
- peak width of the first mode of vibration is greater than for a flat-bottomed membrane of the state of the art.
- the membrane may be made of amorphous metal or metal glass, or also of gold or platinum, or even brass, titanium, aluminum or another material having a density, a Young's modulus and an elastic limit , which are similar.
- the widening of the soundtrack can be combined with a very low internal damping, which makes it possible to obtain a very good sound output.
- the acoustic radiation membrane is made with a complex shape to amplify the vibration amplitude of different notes generated in a watch case.
- the membrane is dimensioned in such a way as to amplify in particular the first mode of vibration in a frequency band of 500 Hz to 3.5 kHz.
- the Figures 1a and 1b represent a first embodiment of the acoustic radiation membrane 1, which can equip a musical watch or a bell watch.
- the acoustic radiation membrane 1 may be in plan view of a generally rectangular, or polygonal or preferably circular shape as shown in FIG. figure 1a .
- the membrane 1 is configured for example in the form of a bowl with an active central portion 2, which is generally convex, and a cylindrical side wall 3, which is terminated by a peripheral edge 4.
- the active central portion 2 is preferably curved towards the outside of the bowl, but could also be curved on the inside of said bowl.
- the active central part 2 represents in this case a bottom of the membrane.
- the active central portion 2, the side wall 3 with the peripheral edge 4 generally form a single piece of the same material, which may be metallic.
- peripheral edge instead of a peripheral edge, it can be provided a border in the form of several peripheral portions distributed around the perimeter of the side wall 3 for fixing the membrane in a watch case.
- the acoustic radiation membrane 1 may be formed in one piece in a material, which may be amorphous metal or metallic glass in the example described and with reference to figures 3 and 4 explained below.
- this membrane can be made of another material, such as gold or platinum, or even brass, titanium, aluminum for example with a density, a Young's modulus and an elastic limit, which are similar.
- the domed central portion 2 further comprises a mass 2 'added to the center of the domed central portion.
- This mass 2 ' may be an additional piece fixed on the active central part 2 or preferably of material with the active central portion 2 and only define an extra thickness of the material near the center of the membrane 1.
- This mass 2' added to the central portion 2 reduces the first natural frequency of the radiated note, but without reducing the stiffness of said membrane.
- the membrane may be made of two materials M1 and M2, which have different mechanical properties.
- the added mass may in particular be made in the material M2, while the rest of the membrane may be made of a material M1.
- the domed or conical central part can be made by depositing a material M2 on a membrane made of a different material M1.
- the acoustic membrane 1 can be mounted in a not shown watch case with its peripheral edge 4, which is traditionally clamped between the bottom and the middle of the watch case with a seal.
- the domed central portion is non-contact with other parts of the watch so as to freely vibrate according to its fundamental mode of vibration. It is of mono-polar spatial form and therefore very acoustically effective.
- the central portion 2 is disposed close to and without contact with the bottom of the watch case. According to Figures 1a and 1b , which represent the membrane according to views from below, the central portion 2 is generally domed on the bottom side of the watch case.
- the convex central portion 2 from its connection to the side wall 3 may have a diameter greater than 15 mm and preferably between 20 and 40 mm. This diameter may be substantially equivalent to that of an ice cream shows not shown, since the peripheral edge 4 can be pinched between a peripheral support of the bottom of the watch case and a circular inner rim of the middle part.
- the thickness of the central portion 2 may be identical at any point except at the location of the added mass 2 '. This thickness may be greater than 50 microns and preferably less than 1 mm, while the thickness of the extra thickness 2 'of the central portion may be for example twice the thickness of the surrounding central portion.
- the extra thickness 2 ' may be circular in plan view of diameter greater than 1.5 mm and preferably between 2 and 4 mm, and extending towards the center of the bowl.
- the domed central portion 2 is thus dimensioned according to the material constituting it so as to amplify the vibration in the frequency band from 500 Hz to 3.5 kHz.
- the acoustic response of the membrane is thus substantially improved in this frequency band.
- the first mode of vibration of each note generated is therefore at least in the frequency range between 500 Hz and 3.5 kHz.
- the thickness of the central portion 2 of the membrane 1 may be variable.
- the thickness may for example be greater in the center of the central portion independently of the added mass 2 'and gradually decrease, for example in a linear manner, to the periphery of the central portion 2. It may also be expected that this thickness varies in crenellations from the center to the periphery of the central portion 2. Other variations in thickness of this central portion may be envisaged so as to ensure an amplification of the first vibration mode of the notes generated in the frequency range between 500 Hz and 3.5 kHz.
- the convex central portion 2 may be a spherical cap.
- the angle ⁇ may be between 3 ° and 8 °, preferably between 4 ° and 5 °.
- the height h of the spherical cap may be of the order of 0.3 mm, whereas for a diameter of 40 mm, the height h of the spherical cap may be of the order of 0.8 mm.
- the radius of the spherical cap can be defined N times higher, especially between 6 and 8 times greater than the diameter of the central portion.
- domed central portion 2 may be of ovoidal shape or be composed of several convex portions intersecting or spaced apart from one another.
- the Figures 2a and 2b represent a second embodiment of the acoustic radiation membrane 1, which can equip a musical watch or a bell watch.
- the acoustic radiation membrane 1 may be in plan view of a generally rectangular, or polygonal or preferably circular shape as shown in FIG. figure 2a as defined for the first embodiment.
- the dimensions and the material used for producing the membrane 1 of the second embodiment are similar to those defined for the first embodiment. For simplicity, it will not be repeated the description of these dimensions or material.
- the central portion 12 of the acoustic radiation membrane 1 is generally conical. This conical shape preferably extends outwardly of the bowl-shaped membrane, which further comprises the side wall 3 and the peripheral edge 4 for holding the membrane in the watch case.
- the central portion may preferably be composed of two conical portions 12, 12 ', which are concentric and connected to each other.
- the first conical portion 12 starts from the center of the membrane 1 and is configured with a first opening angle with respect to the central axis of the membrane.
- the second conical portion 12 ' starts from the periphery of the first portion 12 and ends at the side wall 3 with a second opening angle different from the first opening angle.
- the second opening angle is smaller than the first opening angle.
- the first opening angle may be of the order of 86 °, while the second opening angle may be of the order of 79 °.
- the border 4 with the side wall 3 are made of material with the two conical portions 12, 12 'to form a single piece.
- the thickness of each conical portion 12, 12 ' may be identical at any point. However, it can be expected that this thickness decreases linearly from the center to the periphery of the membrane. This thickness may be greater than 50 ⁇ m and preferably less than 1 mm.
- the diameter of the first conical portion 12 may be between 80% and 90%, preferably close to 85% of the diameter of the complete central portion. For a diameter of the central portion of 15 mm, the diameter of the first conical portion 12 may be of the order of 12.5 mm, while for a diameter of the central portion of 40 mm, the diameter of the first conical portion 12 can be of the order of 33 mm. However, the dimensions of the first and second conical portions 12, 12 'may be different from those mentioned above and with a second opening angle, which may also be greater than the first opening angle.
- an acoustic radiation membrane having a central portion in curved or conical form allows substantially more than a factor of 2 to be removed, the fundamental mono-polar vibration mode acoustically effective of all the other modes of excited vibration. These other modes of vibration have a multipolar distortion and are acoustically ineffective.
- the advantage is that, according to this construction, the membrane vibrates in a mono-polar deformation even in the presence of a significant frequency disagreement between the activation frequency and the resonance frequency of the fundamental mode.
- the figure 3 represents a graph of the frequency response, integrated over the entire volume of the membrane, the amplitude of the speed according to the normal to the membrane.
- R (f) ⁇ Vol
- the figure 4 represents a graph of the ratio between the frequency responses of the membranes of the first and second embodiments of the invention and the standard membrane.
- the vibrational response is increased below and above the resonance frequency.
- the first excited mode of vibration of the membrane according to the invention is at a frequency substantially greater than the frequency of the first excited mode of the standard membrane. This antiresonance phenomenon, which occurs for activation frequencies between the fundamental mode and the first excited mode of the membrane, is greatly reduced.
- the fundamental mode is more easily activated, even in an inertial activation regime, at low frequency. This improves the response below the resonant frequency. In this way, the membrane is vibrated according to the spatial distortion of its fundamental mode even in the presence of a relatively important frequency disagreement.
- the mass added to the central portion of the membrane may be placed at a location other than the center of the membrane and a plurality of added masses may also be provided. It can also be envisaged that the mass added to the central portion can be made of a material M2 different from a material M1, in which the other parts of the membrane are made.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
- Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
Description
L'invention concerne une membrane de rayonnement acoustique pour une montre musicale, ou une montre à sonnerie.The invention relates to an acoustic radiation membrane for a musical watch, or a striking watch.
Dans le domaine de l'horlogerie, un mécanisme de sonnerie peut être prévu dans un mouvement horloger de manière à générer un son ou une musique. Le timbre de la montre à sonnerie ou le clavier de la montre musicale sont disposés généralement dans la boîte de montre. Ainsi les vibrations du timbre ou des lames du clavier sont transmises aux différentes pièces d'habillage. Ces pièces d'habillage sont par exemple la carrure, la lunette, la glace et le fond de la boîte de montre. Ces grandes pièces d'habillage se mettent à rayonner du son dans l'air sous l'effet des vibrations transmises. Lorsqu'un son est produit soit par un timbre frappé par un marteau, soit par une ou plusieurs lames du clavier en vibration, ces pièces d'habillage sont capables de rayonner le son produit dans l'air.In the field of horology, a striking mechanism can be provided in a watch movement so as to generate a sound or a music. The timbre of the bell watch or the keyboard of the musical watch are generally placed in the watch case. Thus the vibrations of the timbre or the keyboard blades are transmitted to the different parts of dressing. These pieces of clothing are for example the middle part, the bezel, the ice and the bottom of the watch case. These large pieces of clothing begin to radiate sound in the air under the effect of transmitted vibrations. When a sound is produced either by a stamp struck by a hammer or by one or more blades of the vibrating keyboard, these pieces of clothing are able to radiate the sound produced in the air.
De manière conventionnelle dans une telle montre musicale ou à sonnerie, le rendement acoustique, sur la base de la transduction vibro-acoustique complexe des pièces d'habillage, est faible. Pour améliorer et augmenter le niveau acoustique perçu par l'utilisateur de la montre à sonnerie ou musicale, il doit être tenu compte de la matière, de la géométrie et des conditions aux limites des pièces d'habillage. Les configurations de ces pièces d'habillage sont aussi dépendantes de l'esthétique de la montre et des contraintes de fonctionnement, ce qui peut limiter les possibilités d'adaptation.Conventionally in such a musical or striking watch, the acoustic efficiency, based on the complex vibro-acoustic transduction of the trim pieces, is low. To improve and increase the acoustic level perceived by the user of the bell or musical watch, the material, geometry and boundary conditions of the trim pieces must be taken into account. The configurations of these pieces of clothing are also dependent on the aesthetics of the watch and operating constraints, which may limit the possibilities of adaptation.
Pour améliorer encore le rendement vibro-acoustique du mécanisme de sonnerie, il peut être prévu une membrane disposée à l'intérieur de la boîte de montre. La membrane doit être dimensionnée pour que l'ensemble des notes générées par la vibration d'un ou plusieurs timbres, ou des lames d'un clavier soit rayonné efficacement. Il est de ce fait important que les fréquences des notes soient proches de celles des modes propres de la membrane pour lui permettre d'entrer en résonance.To further improve the vibro-acoustic performance of the striking mechanism, it can be provided a membrane disposed inside the watch box. The membrane must be dimensioned so that all the notes generated by the vibration of one or more timbres, or the blades of a keyboard is radiated effectively. It is therefore important that the frequencies of the notes are close to those of the eigen modes of the membrane to enable it to come into resonance.
On constate à ce titre qu'une forte densité modale sur une bande de fréquences restreinte par exemple entre 500 Hz et 3.5 kHz est difficile à obtenir, car cette caractéristique n'est compatible qu'avec des membranes de très faible raideur ou de très grande masse. Ces deux caractéristiques ne sont pas avantageuses, parce qu'en réduisant la fréquence du premier mode de résonance autour de 1'000 Hz de cette manière, la fréquence des modes excités, très peu performants acoustiquement, est aussi réduite en dessous de 4'000 Hz. L'énergie mécanique est alors dissipée dans des modes de vibration de la membrane peu efficaces acoustiquement. Le rendement de rayonnement, qui est défini logiquement comme le rapport entre l'énergie de l'onde acoustique rayonnée divisée par l'énergie totale transférée à la membrane, est alors réduit sur quasiment toute la bande fréquentielle d'intérêt. Il est donc difficile d'obtenir une résonance sur chaque note générée du mécanisme de sonnerie, ce qui constitue un inconvénient des membranes de l'état de la technique.It can be seen in this respect that a high modal density over a restricted frequency band, for example between 500 Hz and 3.5 kHz, is difficult to obtain because this characteristic is only compatible with membranes of very low or very high stiffness. mass. These two characteristics are not advantageous, because by reducing the frequency of the first resonance mode around 1'000 Hz in this way, the frequency of the excited modes, which are not very acoustically efficient, is also reduced below 4'000. Hz. The mechanical energy is then dissipated in vibration modes of the acoustically inefficient membrane. The radiation efficiency, which is logically defined as the ratio between the energy of the radiated acoustic wave divided by the total energy transferred to the membrane, is then reduced over almost the entire frequency band of interest. It is therefore difficult to obtain a resonance on each generated note of the striking mechanism, which is a disadvantage of the membranes of the state of the art.
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Les documents
L'invention a donc pour but de pallier aux inconvénients de l'état de la technique susmentionné en fournissant une membrane de rayonnement acoustique pour une montre musicale ou une montre à sonnerie, réalisée de telle manière à obtenir une réponse vibratoire amplifiée de la membrane sur une plus grande largeur de bande de fréquences.The object of the invention is therefore to overcome the drawbacks of the above-mentioned state of the art by providing an acoustic radiation membrane for a musical watch or a striking watch, made in such a way as to obtain an amplified vibratory response of the membrane on a greater bandwidth of frequencies.
A cet effet, l'invention concerne une membrane de rayonnement acoustique comprenant les caractéristiques définies dans les revendications indépendantes 1 et 2.For this purpose, the invention relates to an acoustic radiation membrane comprising the characteristics defined in
Des formes particulières de la membrane de rayonnement acoustique sont définies dans les revendications dépendantes 3 à 13.Particular forms of the acoustic radiation membrane are defined in
Un avantage de la membrane de rayonnement acoustique réside dans le fait qu'avec une partie centrale de forme bombée ou de forme conique, l'amplitude de vibration peut être augmentée notamment sur la bande de fréquences de 500 Hz à 3.5 kHz. Avec une telle forme complexe géométrique de la membrane acoustique dans un matériau déterminé et d'une épaisseur générale définie avec des dimensions en plan, comparables aux dimensions en plan d'une boîte ou glace de montre, la réponse acoustique de la membrane est sensiblement améliorée par rapport à une solution traditionnelle dans tout l'intervalle de fréquences d'intérêt.An advantage of the acoustic radiation membrane lies in the fact that with a central portion of convex or conical shape, the vibration amplitude can be increased especially in the frequency band from 500 Hz to 3.5 kHz. With such a geometric complex shape of the acoustic membrane in a determined material and a defined overall thickness with plan dimensions, comparable to the plan dimensions of a box or watch ice, the acoustic response of the membrane is substantially improved compared to a traditional solution throughout the range of interest rates.
Avantageusement, il est ainsi possible de garantir une amplification d'un ensemble de notes générées dans la montre musicale ou à sonnerie. Le premier mode de vibration de chaque note générée se trouve donc au moins dans la gamme de fréquences entre 500 Hz et 3.5 kHz. De plus la largeur du pic du premier mode de vibration est plus importante que pour une membrane à fond plat de l'état de la technique.Advantageously, it is thus possible to guarantee an amplification of a set of notes generated in the musical watch or bell. The first mode of vibration of each generated note is therefore at least in the frequency range between 500 Hz and 3.5 kHz. In addition, peak width of the first mode of vibration is greater than for a flat-bottomed membrane of the state of the art.
Avantageusement, la membrane peut être réalisée en métal amorphe ou en verre métallique, ou également en or ou en platine, voire en laiton, en titane, en aluminium ou dans un autre matériau ayant une densité, un module d'Young et une limite élastique, qui sont similaires. Avec une telle membrane, l'élargissement de la bande sonore peut être combiné avec un amortissement interne très faible, ce qui permet d'obtenir un très bon rendement sonore.Advantageously, the membrane may be made of amorphous metal or metal glass, or also of gold or platinum, or even brass, titanium, aluminum or another material having a density, a Young's modulus and an elastic limit , which are similar. With such a membrane, the widening of the soundtrack can be combined with a very low internal damping, which makes it possible to obtain a very good sound output.
Les buts, avantages et caractéristiques de la membrane de rayonnement acoustique pour une montre musicale ou une montre à sonnerie apparaîtront mieux dans la description suivante sur la base de formes d'exécution non limitatives illustrées par les dessins sur lesquels :
- les
figures 1a et 1b représentent de manière simplifiée une vue tridimensionnelle et une coupe diamétrale selon I-I de lafigure 1a d'une première forme d'exécution de la membrane de rayonnement acoustique selon l'invention, - les
figures 2a et 2b représentent de manière simplifiée une vue tridimensionnelle et une coupe diamétrale selon II-II de lafigure 2a d'une seconde forme d'exécution de la membrane de rayonnement acoustique selon l'invention, - la
figure 3 représente un graphe de la réponse en fréquence, intégrée sur tout le volume de la membrane, de l'amplitude de la vitesse selon la normale à la membrane pour une membrane standard en verre métallique, une membrane en verre métallique selon la première forme d'exécution et une membrane en verre métallique selon la seconde forme d'exécution selon l'invention, et - la
figure 4 représente un graphe du rapport entre les réponses en fréquence des membranes des première et seconde formes d'exécution selon l'invention et d'une membrane standard.
- the
Figures 1a and 1b represent in a simplified way a three-dimensional view and a diametral section along II of thefigure 1a of a first embodiment of the acoustic radiation membrane according to the invention, - the
Figures 2a and 2b represent in a simplified way a three-dimensional view and a diametral section along II-II of thefigure 2a a second embodiment of the acoustic radiation membrane according to the invention, - the
figure 3 represents a graph of the frequency response, integrated over the entire volume of the membrane, the amplitude of the speed according to the normal to the membrane for a standard metal glass membrane, a metal glass membrane according to the first form of embodiment and a metal glass membrane according to the second embodiment of the invention, and - the
figure 4 represents a graph of the ratio between the frequency responses of the membranes of the first and second embodiments of the invention and a standard membrane.
Dans la description suivante, il sera fait référence principalement à la configuration d'une membrane de rayonnement acoustique, pour équiper notamment une montre musicale, ou une montre à sonnerie. La membrane de rayonnement acoustique est réalisée avec une forme complexe pour amplifier l'amplitude de vibration de différentes notes générées dans une boîte de montre. La membrane est dimensionnée de telle manière à amplifier notamment le premier mode de vibration dans une bande de fréquences de 500 Hz à 3.5 kHz.In the following description, reference will be made mainly to the configuration of an acoustic radiation membrane, to equip including a musical watch, or a bell watch. The acoustic radiation membrane is made with a complex shape to amplify the vibration amplitude of different notes generated in a watch case. The membrane is dimensioned in such a way as to amplify in particular the first mode of vibration in a frequency band of 500 Hz to 3.5 kHz.
Les
La membrane 1 est configurée par exemple sous la forme d'une cuvette avec une partie centrale active 2, qui est de forme générale bombée, et une paroi latérale 3 de forme cylindrique, qui est terminée par une bordure périphérique 4. La partie centrale active 2 est de préférence bombée vers l'extérieur de la cuvette, mais pourrait également être bombée du côté intérieur de ladite cuvette. La partie centrale active 2 représente dans ce cas de figure un fond de la membrane. La partie centrale active 2, la paroi latérale 3 avec la bordure périphérique 4 ne forment généralement qu'une seule pièce d'un même matériau, qui peut être métallique.The
Il est à noter qu'en lieu et place d'une bordure périphérique, il peut être prévu une bordure sous forme de plusieurs portions périphériques réparties sur le pourtour de la paroi latérale 3 pour la fixation de la membrane dans une boîte de montre.It should be noted that instead of a peripheral edge, it can be provided a border in the form of several peripheral portions distributed around the perimeter of the
La membrane de rayonnement acoustique 1 peut être formée en une seule pièce dans un matériau, qui peut être du métal amorphe ou du verre métallique dans l'exemple décrit et en référence aux
De préférence, la partie centrale bombée 2 comprend encore une masse 2' ajoutée au centre de la partie centrale bombée. Cette masse 2' peut être une pièce supplémentaire fixée sur la partie centrale active 2 ou de préférence venir de matière avec la partie centrale active 2 et définir uniquement une surépaisseur du matériau à proximité du centre de la membrane 1. Cette masse 2' ajoutée à la partie centrale 2 permet de diminuer la première fréquence propre de la note rayonnée, mais sans pour autant diminuer la raideur de ladite membrane.Preferably, the domed
Dans une variante de réalisation, la membrane peut être réalisée en deux matériaux M1 et M2, qui ont des propriétés mécaniques différentes. La masse ajoutée peut être notamment réalisée dans le matériau M2, alors que le reste de la membrane peut être réalisé dans un matériau M1. Il peut encore être envisagé, que la partie centrale bombée ou conique peut être réalisée par le dépôt d'un matériau M2 sur une membrane réalisée dans un matériau M1 différent.In an alternative embodiment, the membrane may be made of two materials M1 and M2, which have different mechanical properties. The added mass may in particular be made in the material M2, while the rest of the membrane may be made of a material M1. It can also be envisaged that the domed or conical central part can be made by depositing a material M2 on a membrane made of a different material M1.
La membrane acoustique 1 peut être montée dans une boîte de montre non représentée avec sa bordure périphérique 4, qui est pincée de manière traditionnelle entre le fond et la carrure de la boîte de montre avec une garniture d'étanchéité. Après montage de la membrane dans la boîte de montre, la partie centrale bombée est sans contact avec d'autres pièces de la montre de manière à pouvoir librement vibrer selon son mode fondamental de vibration. Elle est de forme spatiale mono-polaire et donc très efficace acoustiquement. La partie centrale 2 est disposée à proximité et sans contact du fond de la boîte de montre. Selon les
La partie centrale bombée 2 depuis sa liaison à la paroi latérale 3 peut avoir un diamètre supérieur à 15 mm et de préférence entre 20 et 40 mm. Ce diamètre peut être sensiblement équivalent à celui d'une glace de montre non représentée, étant donné que la bordure périphérique 4 peut être pincée entre un support périphérique du fond de la boîte de montre et un rebord intérieur circulaire de la carrure. L'épaisseur de la partie centrale 2 peut être identique en tout point excepté à l'endroit de la masse ajoutée 2'. Cette épaisseur peut être supérieure à 50 µm et de préférence inférieure à 1 mm, alors que l'épaisseur de la surépaisseur 2' de la partie centrale peut être par exemple le double de l'épaisseur de la partie centrale l'entourant. La surépaisseur 2' peut être circulaire en vue de dessus de diamètre supérieur à 1.5 mm et de préférence entre 2 et 4 mm, et s'étendant vers le centre de la cuvette.The convex
La partie centrale bombée 2 est ainsi dimensionnée en fonction du matériau la constituant de telle manière à amplifier la vibration sur la bande de fréquences de 500 Hz à 3.5 kHz. La réponse acoustique de la membrane est ainsi sensiblement améliorée dans cette bande de fréquences. Comme la membrane est montée dans une montre à sonnerie ou musicale, le premier mode de vibration de chaque note générée se trouve donc au moins dans la gamme de fréquences entre 500 Hz et 3.5 kHz.The domed
Il est à noter que l'épaisseur de la partie centrale 2 de la membrane 1 peut être variable. L'épaisseur peut être par exemple plus importante au centre de la partie centrale indépendamment de la masse ajoutée 2' et diminuer progressivement par exemple de manière linéaire, jusqu'à la périphérie de la partie centrale 2. Il peut également être prévu que cette épaisseur varie par créneaux depuis le centre à la périphérie de la partie centrale 2. D'autres variations d'épaisseur de cette partie centrale peuvent être envisagées de manière à assurer une amplification du premier mode de vibration des notes générées dans la gamme de fréquences entre 500 Hz et 3.5 kHz.It should be noted that the thickness of the
Comme représenté sur les
Pour la première forme d'exécution de la membrane 1 représentée aux
Il est encore à noter que la partie centrale bombée 2 peut être d'une forme ovoïdale ou être composée de plusieurs portions bombées s'entrecoupant ou espacées les unes des autres.It should also be noted that the domed
Les
La différence essentielle de cette seconde forme d'exécution est que la partie centrale 12 de la membrane de rayonnement acoustique 1 est de forme générale conique. Cette forme conique s'étend de préférence vers l'extérieur de la membrane en forme de cuvette, qui comprend encore la paroi latérale 3 et la bordure périphérique 4 pour le maintien de la membrane dans la boîte de montre.The essential difference of this second embodiment is that the
La partie centrale peut de préférence être composée de deux portions coniques 12, 12', qui sont concentriques et reliées l'une à l'autre. La première portion conique 12 débute depuis le centre de la membrane 1 et est configurée avec un premier angle d'ouverture par rapport à l'axe central de la membrane. La seconde portion conique 12' débute depuis la périphérie de la première portion 12 et se termine à la paroi latérale 3 avec un second angle d'ouverture différent du premier angle d'ouverture. De préférence le second angle d'ouverture est plus petit que le premier angle d'ouverture. A titre d'exemple non limitatif, le premier angle d'ouverture peut être de l'ordre de 86°, alors que le second angle d'ouverture peut être de l'ordre de 79°.The central portion may preferably be composed of two
La bordure 4 avec la paroi latérale 3 viennent de matière avec les deux portions coniques 12, 12' pour ne former qu'une seule pièce. L'épaisseur de chaque portion conique 12, 12' peut être identique en tout point. Cependant, il peut être prévu que cette épaisseur diminue linéairement du centre à la périphérie de la membrane. Cette épaisseur peut être supérieure à 50 µm et de préférence inférieure à 1 mm. Le diamètre de la première portion conique 12 peut être compris entre 80% et 90% de préférence proche de 85% du diamètre de la partie centrale complète. Pour un diamètre de la partie centrale de 15 mm, le diamètre de la première portion conique 12 peut être de l'ordre de 12.5 mm, alors que pour un diamètre de la partie centrale de 40 mm, le diamètre de la première portion conique 12 peut être de l'ordre de 33 mm. Toutefois les dimensions des première et seconde portions coniques 12, 12' peuvent être différentes de celles susmentionnées et avec un second angle d'ouverture, qui peut aussi être supérieur au premier angle d'ouverture.The
La réalisation d'une membrane de rayonnement acoustique ayant une partie centrale sous forme bombée ou conique, permet d'écarter sensiblement de plus d'un facteur 2, le mode fondamental de vibration de forme mono-polaire efficace acoustiquement de tous les autres modes de vibration excités. Ces autres modes de vibration ont une déformée multipolaire et sont inefficaces acoustiquement. L'avantage est que, selon cette construction, la membrane vibre selon une déformée mono-polaire même en présence d'un désaccord fréquentiel important entre la fréquence d'activation et la fréquence de résonance du mode fondamental.The production of an acoustic radiation membrane having a central portion in curved or conical form, allows substantially more than a factor of 2 to be removed, the fundamental mono-polar vibration mode acoustically effective of all the other modes of excited vibration. These other modes of vibration have a multipolar distortion and are acoustically ineffective. The advantage is that, according to this construction, the membrane vibrates in a mono-polar deformation even in the presence of a significant frequency disagreement between the activation frequency and the resonance frequency of the fundamental mode.
Pour bien représenter cet avantage, on peut se référer aux graphiques des
En regard des graphiques représentés aux
Une telle membrane de rayonnement acoustique réalisée avec une partie centrale active de forme complexe, notamment de forme bombée ou de forme conique, permet donc d'augmenter l'amplitude de vibration dans la gamme de fréquences de 500 Hz à 3.5 kHz. Cela se différencie avantageusement par rapport à une membrane standard, dont la partie centrale est plate.Such an acoustic radiation membrane made with an active central part of complex shape, in particular of curved shape or of conical shape, therefore makes it possible to increase the amplitude of vibration in the frequency range from 500 Hz to 3.5 kHz. This differs advantageously compared to a standard membrane, whose central portion is flat.
A partir de la description qui vient d'être faite, plusieurs variantes de réalisation de la membrane de rayonnement acoustique pour une montre musicale ou une montre à sonnerie peuvent être conçues par l'homme du métier sans sortir du cadre de l'invention définie par les revendications. La masse ajoutée à la partie centrale de la membrane peut être placée à un autre endroit que le centre de la membrane et plusieurs masses ajoutées peuvent aussi être prévues. Il peut être envisagé également que la masse ajoutée à la partie centrale peut être réalisée dans un matériau M2 différent d'un matériau M1, dans lequel les autres parties de la membrane sont réalisées.From the description that has just been given, several variants of the acoustic radiation membrane for a musical watch or a striking watch can be designed by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention defined by the revendications. The mass added to the central portion of the membrane may be placed at a location other than the center of the membrane and a plurality of added masses may also be provided. It can also be envisaged that the mass added to the central portion can be made of a material M2 different from a material M1, in which the other parts of the membrane are made.
Claims (13)
- Acoustic radiating membrane (1) for a musical watch or a striking watch (10), the membrane including an active central portion (2) and an edge portion (4) for holding the membrane in a watch case, the central portion (2) being configured in a convex shape between the edge portion and the centre of the membrane and having dimensions devised to promote the vibration of the membrane according to a first unipolar deformation mode, following the activation of the membrane by one or more frequencies within the range between 500 Hz and 3.5 kHz, the membrane being of a generally circular shape, its central portion being a spherical cap,
characterized in that said spherical cap is a part of a sphere of a radius between 6 and 8 times greater than the diameter of said central portion (2). - Acoustic radiating membrane (1) for a musical watch or a striking watch (10), the membrane including an active central portion (12, 12') and an edge portion (4) for holding the membrane in a watch case, the central portion (12, 12') being configured in a conical shape between the edge portion and the centre of the membrane and having dimensions devised to promote the vibration of the membrane according to a first unipolar deformation mode, following the activation of the membrane by one or more frequencies within the range between 500 Hz and 3.5 kHz, the central portion including two concentric conical portions (12, 12'), a first conical portion (12), which starts from the centre of the membrane and is configured with a first opening angle in relation to the central axis of the membrane, and a second conical portion (12'), which starts from the periphery of the first portion (12) with a second opening angle that is different from the first opening angle,
characterized in that the first opening angle of the first conical portion (12) is larger than the second opening angle of the second conical portion (12'). - Membrane (1) according to claim 1, the membrane having a general dome shape with the central portion (2) defining a base and attached to a lateral wall (3), and a peripheral edge portion (4) from the lateral wall, characterized in that the lateral portion is convex towards the exterior of the dome.
- Membrane (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the central portion (2) comprises an added mass (2'), which is a part fixed to the central portion or thickened portion of the central portion.
- Membrane (1) according to claim 1, the membrane having a general dome shape with the central portion (2) defining a base and connected to a lateral wall (3), and a peripheral edge portion (4) from the lateral wall, characterized in that the central portion (2) with the added mass (2'), the lateral wall (3) and the peripheral edge portion (4) form a single piece created in the same metallic material.
- Membrane (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the central portion (2) is identical from the centre to the periphery of the central portion.
- Membrane (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the central portion (2) decreases substantially linearly from the centre to the periphery of the central portion.
- Membrane (1) according to claim 2, the membrane having a general dome shape with the central portion (2) defining a base and connected to a lateral wall (3), and a peripheral edge portion (4) from the lateral wall, characterized in that the second conical portion (12') is connected to the first conical portion (12) and the lateral wall (3).
- Membrane (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the first and second conical portions (12, 12') extend towards the exterior of the membrane in a dome shape.
- Membrane (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the diameter of the first conical portion (12) is between 80% and 90%, preferably around 85% of the diameter of the whole central portion.
- Membrane (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the thickness of the conical portion (12) is uniform.
- Membrane (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the thickness of the first and second conical portions (12, 12') decreases linearly from the centre to the periphery of the membrane.
- Membrane (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the central portion (2) includes an added mass (2'), which is a part fixed to the central portion or a thickened portion of the central portion, and in that the added mass is manufactured in a material M2 different from a material M1, in which the other parts of the membrane (1) are manufactured.
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13196237.5A EP2881806B1 (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2013-12-09 | Acoustic dispersion membrane for a musical watch |
CH02033/13A CH708956B1 (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2013-12-09 | Acoustic radiation membrane for a musical watch. |
US14/527,184 US9658601B2 (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2014-10-29 | Acoustic radiating membrane for a musical watch |
JP2014236219A JP5981978B2 (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2014-11-21 | Acoustic radiation membrane for music-enabled wristwatches |
CN201410749017.7A CN104698809B (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2014-12-09 | Acoustic membrane for music table |
HK15111846.6A HK1211090A1 (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2015-12-02 | Acoustic radiating membrane for a musical watch |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13196237.5A EP2881806B1 (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2013-12-09 | Acoustic dispersion membrane for a musical watch |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2881806A1 EP2881806A1 (en) | 2015-06-10 |
EP2881806B1 true EP2881806B1 (en) | 2019-06-26 |
Family
ID=49753024
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13196237.5A Active EP2881806B1 (en) | 2013-12-09 | 2013-12-09 | Acoustic dispersion membrane for a musical watch |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US9658601B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2881806B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5981978B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN104698809B (en) |
CH (1) | CH708956B1 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1211090A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP3460080B1 (en) | 2016-05-16 | 2021-01-06 | Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Copper alloy wire material |
WO2018100916A1 (en) | 2016-12-01 | 2018-06-07 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | Copper alloy wire rod |
Family Cites Families (19)
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DE1080029B (en) * | 1952-01-07 | 1960-04-14 | E H Helmut Junghans Dr Ing | Beat clock with sound-radiating conical membrane |
FR1064970A (en) * | 1952-10-23 | 1954-05-19 | Louis Girod & Cie | Chimes improvement |
CH304446A (en) * | 1952-12-24 | 1955-01-15 | Roamer Watch Co Sa | Alarm clock box. |
US3906713A (en) * | 1973-08-29 | 1975-09-23 | Citizen Watch Co Ltd | Electronic alarm wristwatch |
US4532383A (en) * | 1980-01-04 | 1985-07-30 | Willy Erazm A | Electroacoustic transducer having a variable thickness diaphragm |
JPH06165290A (en) * | 1992-11-24 | 1994-06-10 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Diaphragm for dome speaker |
JP2000134696A (en) * | 1998-10-28 | 2000-05-12 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Electromagnetic type electroacoustic transducer |
GB2359213B (en) * | 1999-10-29 | 2004-05-19 | Kef Audio | High frequency transducer |
JP2001169386A (en) * | 1999-10-29 | 2001-06-22 | Kh Technology Corp | Radiation diaphragm and high frequency transducer |
JP2008527949A (en) * | 2005-01-06 | 2008-07-24 | ピーエスエス・ベルギー・エヌブイ | Speaker having a movable cone |
DE102005058322B4 (en) * | 2005-12-07 | 2007-09-06 | Lange Uhren Gmbh | Clock |
DE602007009988D1 (en) * | 2006-06-08 | 2010-12-02 | Nxp Bv | FEES |
JP2007336322A (en) * | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-27 | Pioneer Electronic Corp | Speaker and its manufacturing method |
JP2011029800A (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2011-02-10 | Sony Corp | Loudspeaker device and method for forming loudspeaker device |
EP2461219B1 (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2020-10-14 | Montres Breguet SA | Acoustic membrane for a musical box or an alarm watch |
JP2012138887A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2012-07-19 | Panasonic Corp | Diaphragm, and speaker device equipped with the same |
KR101804473B1 (en) * | 2010-12-16 | 2017-12-04 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Varifocal lens structure and method of manufacturing the same |
CH704673A2 (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2012-09-28 | Montres Breguet Sa | Cup-shaped removable acoustic radiation membrane for musical/striking watch, has holding member engaging with inner stop member of bottom of case to limit bending of membrane following over/under pressure based on environmental conditions |
EP2667634B1 (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2015-07-08 | AKG Acoustics GmbH | Earphone with active suppression of ambient noise |
-
2013
- 2013-12-09 EP EP13196237.5A patent/EP2881806B1/en active Active
- 2013-12-09 CH CH02033/13A patent/CH708956B1/en unknown
-
2014
- 2014-10-29 US US14/527,184 patent/US9658601B2/en active Active
- 2014-11-21 JP JP2014236219A patent/JP5981978B2/en active Active
- 2014-12-09 CN CN201410749017.7A patent/CN104698809B/en active Active
-
2015
- 2015-12-02 HK HK15111846.6A patent/HK1211090A1/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP5981978B2 (en) | 2016-08-31 |
JP2015114320A (en) | 2015-06-22 |
CH708956A2 (en) | 2015-06-15 |
HK1211090A1 (en) | 2016-05-13 |
US20150160617A1 (en) | 2015-06-11 |
CN104698809A (en) | 2015-06-10 |
US9658601B2 (en) | 2017-05-23 |
CH708956B1 (en) | 2021-08-31 |
EP2881806A1 (en) | 2015-06-10 |
CN104698809B (en) | 2018-07-27 |
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