EP2879234A1 - Electronic apparatus with radio antenna folded in a housing - Google Patents

Electronic apparatus with radio antenna folded in a housing Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2879234A1
EP2879234A1 EP14195332.3A EP14195332A EP2879234A1 EP 2879234 A1 EP2879234 A1 EP 2879234A1 EP 14195332 A EP14195332 A EP 14195332A EP 2879234 A1 EP2879234 A1 EP 2879234A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
main
folded
antenna
conductive
wings
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP14195332.3A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2879234B1 (en
Inventor
Cyril JOUANLANNE
Jean-François PINTOS
Christophe Delaveaud
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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Publication of EP2879234A1 publication Critical patent/EP2879234A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2879234B1 publication Critical patent/EP2879234B1/en
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength

Definitions

  • the invention relates to electronic devices comprising radio communication means and which therefore comprise a transmitting antenna and / or radio reception.
  • electronic devices comprising radio communication means and which therefore comprise a transmitting antenna and / or radio reception.
  • Particularly concerned portable devices that can be held in one hand, so small devices.
  • the dimensions of the housing of the apparatus are too small to use a monopole antenna or dipole called quarter wave, it is an antenna whose conductive strands have a dimension of the order of a quarter of the wavelength.
  • the length of the strands would be of the order of 20 centimeters and strands of this length can not be housed in a case of 8 or 10 centimeters of side.
  • the ground plane is generally constituted by all the electronic elements inside the housing (printed circuit boards, display screen, power batteries).
  • the antenna itself is necessarily very close to this ground plane and it must be placed inside the housing in such a way that it has sufficient radiation efficiency despite this proximity.
  • the main faces of the supposed parallelepiped case will be occupied largely by a display screen considered as part of the ground plane. These main faces are practically not available to place an antenna or even a significant portion of antenna. It is known to those skilled in the art that the main metal frame and / or printed circuit board (PCB) on which the various constituent elements of the apparatus are placed form an integral part of the system. 'antenna. Nevertheless, one way of exciting the antenna in the housing is then to place the bulk of the conductive surfaces of the antenna exciter on a small side of the parallelepipedic housing, sufficiently far from the electrical elements which constitute the ground plane.
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • the electric field lines go from the short side to what is considered the ground plane.
  • the radiation yield of the antenna which is equal to the ratio of the power effectively radiated to the electrical power accepted by the antenna, is deteriorated firstly by a poor distribution of the radiated electric fields and secondly by the presence of the housing which is traversed by these field lines and which causes dielectric losses; the casing is often made of ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene), which is a lossy material.
  • ABS acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene
  • the object of the invention is to propose a new antenna configuration in an electronic device housing, which makes it possible to obtain the best possible radiation efficiency.
  • An electronic apparatus comprising radio communication means and a generally parallelepiped-shaped casing intended to be held by hand, with a main face and a first side adjacent to this main face, and an antenna extending in part. on the main face and partly on the first side, characterized in that the antenna comprises a conductive structure cut to form a meandering conductive line connected to a main conductive surface which extends over most of the first side and which is folded at the ends of this first side to a second and third side adjacent to the main face to form two folded side wings, at least one respective slot being provided to separate each wing from the main conductive surface and thereby shrink and lengthen the paths of the electric currents going towards the folded lateral wings.
  • the slot establishes conductive lines that are inductive because of their small width-to-length ratio, between the portion on the first side and the folded side wings on the second and third sides, and these inductive lines help to greatly reduce currents in the wings folded. This results in a stronger electric field emission and better distributed in all directions from these wings located on two corners of the case. The overall radiation efficiency is significantly improved.
  • the housing has an upper main face 12 which can carry a display screen 14 and control buttons 16, 18, 20.
  • the upper face can have dimensions of 7 to 10 centimeters for example for the largest dimension and from 4 to 8 centimeters on the side for the smallest one.
  • the lower face 22 may contain a housing for a battery pack.
  • the casing has four small sides, adjacent to the upper face and the lower face, which may have a height of 1 to 3 centimeters for example; three short sides are designated by references 24, 26, 28; the last small side will be referenced 30 for convenience of explanation, but it is not visible on the figure 1 .
  • the electronic elements contained in the housing are not represented.
  • the device is intended, despite its small size, to communicate by radio in the UHF band (Ultra High Frequency in English) and more specifically at frequencies ranging from 380 MHz to 430 MHz.
  • UHF band Ultra High Frequency in English
  • the figure 2 represents a support for the radio transceiver antenna, for installing the exciter part of the antenna inside the housing, essentially along the short side 24 of the housing and partly also on the sides 28 and 30
  • the support is seen from above (the upper part of the figure 2 ) and from below (lower part of the figure 2 ).
  • the support comprises a rigid plate 40 which can serve as a support for other elements of the device (for example on the display screen); at the end of the wafer 40, on the side which will be turned towards the first small side 24, a printed flexible sheet 42 (imide-based polymer type such as Kapton, registered trademark by Dupont) is glued and will support the antenna.
  • This sheet is cut and shaped with folds so as to fit the shape of the housing against the short side 24 and also partly against a second (28) and third (30) short sides adjacent to the first short side; in addition, this sheet is preferably also folded partly along the lower face 22 opposite to the main face.
  • This flexible sheet 42 is a printed circuit sheet; it is coated with a conductive layer cut in a pattern which constitutes a part of the antenna, the other part being the abovementioned ground plane.
  • a conductive layer cut in a pattern which constitutes a part of the antenna, the other part being the abovementioned ground plane.
  • antenna For convenience, in the following description only the part containing the conductive pattern will be called antenna. This reason is not represented on the figure 2 which represents only the general form of the sheet 42. The pattern will be described later.
  • the flexible sheet therefore comprises, when installed in the housing, five different parts: a portion 421 parallel to the main face 12 on a small portion thereof and bonded to the support 40; a portion 422 parallel to the first small side 24 and occupying most or all or substantially all of this first side; a first wing 423 folded along the third short side (30) from the angle joining the first and third short sides; a second wing 424 folded along the second short side (28) from the angle joining the first and second short sides; and finally a portion 425 folded on the lower face 22 of the housing from the angle joining the first small side 24 and the lower face 22 of the housing.
  • the flexible sheet is entirely inside the case.
  • the wings extend 1 to 3 centimeters along the second and third short sides, but not more, so as not to approach too great a length of the ground plane consisting in particular by the display screen and the main printed circuit of the housing.
  • the Figures 3 and 4 represent, respectively in top view and in bottom view, the detail of the conductive structure engraved on the flexible sheet to form the antenna of the apparatus according to the invention.
  • the conductive part is represented in hatched surface.
  • This conductive structure comprises a meander line having a signal excitation point 502 disposed on the upper portion 421 of the flexible sheet so as to be able to transmit or receive a radio signal from or to the internal electronics of the housing.
  • the excitation point is located at the end of a narrow conducting strand 504 which extends parallel to the face 422 of the sheet, that is to say parallel to the first short side 24.
  • This strand is extended by another narrow strand 506 which returns to 180 ° of the first strand and is separated by an interval.
  • the two strands are of inductive nature given their narrowness and their length much greater than their width.
  • the end of the second strand 506 joins a main conductive surface 508 which occupies almost the entire surface 422 folded along the first short side 24 of the housing.
  • the antenna structure further comprises two conductive wings 510 and 512 which form a capacitance between the ground plane and the antenna; they are carried by the folded wings 423 and 424 of the printed flexible sheet and they occupy the greater part. But these conductive wings 510 and 512 are not directly adjacent to the main surface 508. They are partly separated from this surface by respective narrow slots 514 and 516 which narrow and lengthen the current path between the main conductive surface 508 and the wings 510 and 512, as opposed to what would happen if the wings 510 and 512 were adjacent full height to the main surface 508.
  • the conductive connection 518 or 520 which remains, where the slot is interrupted, between the main surface 508 and the wing 510 or 512, forms a meander of the inductive type (conductors of length much larger than their width).
  • This conductive connection 518 or 520 is partially folded on the lower face 425 of the flexible sheet. Note that the conductive connection 518 or 520 may also be confined to the surface 422, without folding on the underside 425 of the flexible sheet.
  • figure 5 represents a developed view in plan of the whole of the antenna which has been represented in perspective on the Figures 3 and 4 . References and explanations are the same as in Figures 3 and 4 .
  • the interactions between the ground plane and the conductive structure of the antenna limit the performance in terms of radiation efficiency, compared to the yield that would be with a conventional monopole or dipole antenna perpendicular to a ground plane.
  • the slots which narrow and lengthen the current path between the capacitive conductive surface 508 and the folded conductive lateral wings 510 and 512 considerably weaken the currents in the folded wings. This weakening of currents establishes a stronger electric field in the folded wings and establishes electric field lines better distributed in all directions between the radiating conductive surfaces (especially the folded wings) and the ground plane, which improves overall the radiation yield.
  • the slots may for example extend alternately from the face 421 and the lower face 425 to form meandering structures between the surface 508 and each of the wings 510, 512.
  • the radiation efficiency can be increased significantly (about 10% increase in radiation efficiency which can be about 30% for this type of antenna).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne les appareils électroniques pouvant être tenus à la main et comprenant une antenne radio miniaturisée. L'appareil comporte un boîtier de forme généralement parallélépipédique avec une face principale et un premier petit côté. L'antenne s'étend en part le long de la face principale et en partie sur le premier côté. Elle comprend une structure conductrice découpée de façon à former une ligne conductrice inductive à méandres (504, 506) reliée à une surface conductrice principale (508) qui s'étend sur la majeure partie du premier côté et qui est repliée aux extrémités de ce premier côté sur un deuxième et un troisième côtés adjacents à la face principale pour former deux ailes latérales repliées (510, 512), au moins une fente respective (514, 516) étant prévue pour séparer chaque aile de la surface conductrice principale et ainsi rétrécir et allonger les trajets des courants électriques allant vers les ailes latérales repliées.The invention relates to electronic devices that can be held in the hand and includes a miniaturized radio antenna. The apparatus comprises a generally parallelepiped shaped housing with a main face and a first small side. The antenna extends apart along the main face and partly on the first side. It comprises a conductive structure cut to form a meandering inductive conductor line (504, 506) connected to a main conductive surface (508) that extends over most of the first side and is folded at the ends thereof. side on a second and third side adjacent to the main face to form two folded side wings (510, 512), at least one respective slot (514, 516) being provided to separate each wing from the main conductive surface and thereby shrink and lengthen the paths of the electric currents going towards the folded lateral wings.

Description

L'invention concerne les appareils électroniques comportant des moyens de communication par radio et qui comportent donc une antenne d'émission et/ou réception radio. Sont concernés tout particulièrement les appareils portables pouvant être tenus dans une main, donc des appareils de petite dimension.The invention relates to electronic devices comprising radio communication means and which therefore comprise a transmitting antenna and / or radio reception. Particularly concerned portable devices that can be held in one hand, so small devices.

Lorsque la fréquence porteuse de la communication radio est relativement basse, par exemple 400 ou 500 MHz, les dimensions du boîtier de l'appareil sont trop petites pour qu'on puisse utiliser une antenne monopôle ou dipôle dite quart d'onde, c'est-à-dire une antenne dont les brins conducteurs ont une dimension de l'ordre du quart de la longueur d'onde. Pour une fréquence de 400 MHz (longueur d'onde 75 centimètres), la longueur des brins serait de l'ordre de 20 centimètres et des brins de cette longueur ne peuvent pas être logés dans un boîtier de 8 ou10 centimètres de côté. En particulier on ne peut pas utiliser une configuration d'antenne monopôle en forme de brin conducteur disposé perpendiculairement à un plan de masse.When the carrier frequency of the radio communication is relatively low, for example 400 or 500 MHz, the dimensions of the housing of the apparatus are too small to use a monopole antenna or dipole called quarter wave, it is an antenna whose conductive strands have a dimension of the order of a quarter of the wavelength. For a frequency of 400 MHz (wavelength 75 centimeters), the length of the strands would be of the order of 20 centimeters and strands of this length can not be housed in a case of 8 or 10 centimeters of side. In particular, it is not possible to use a monopole antenna configuration in the form of a conducting strand arranged perpendicularly to a ground plane.

Il est nécessaire d'utiliser des dessins d'antenne plus sophistiqués, à fentes ou à méandres, et le plan de masse est en général constitué par l'ensemble des éléments électroniques intérieurs au boîtier (cartes de circuit imprimé, écran d'affichage, batteries d'alimentation). L'antenne proprement dite est forcément très proche de ce plan de masse et il faut pouvoir la placer à l'intérieur du boîtier d'une manière telle qu'elle ait un rendement de rayonnement suffisant malgré cette proximité.It is necessary to use more sophisticated antenna patterns, with slits or meanders, and the ground plane is generally constituted by all the electronic elements inside the housing (printed circuit boards, display screen, power batteries). The antenna itself is necessarily very close to this ground plane and it must be placed inside the housing in such a way that it has sufficient radiation efficiency despite this proximity.

Le plus souvent, les faces principales du boîtier supposé parallélépipédique seront occupées en grande partie par un écran d'affichage considéré comme faisant partie du plan de masse. Ces faces principales ne sont pratiquement pas disponibles pour y placer une antenne ou même une portion significative d'antenne. Il est connu de l'homme de l'art que le châssis métallique et/ou la carte de circuit imprimé (PCB pour Printed Circuit Board en anglais) principale sur laquelle sont placés les différents éléments constitutifs de l'appareil font partie intégrante de l'antenne. Néanmoins, une manière d'exciter l'antenne dans le boîtier consiste alors à placer l'essentiel des surfaces conductrices de l'excitateur d'antenne sur un petit côté du boîtier parallélépipédique, suffisamment loin des éléments électriques qui constituent le plan de masse.Most often, the main faces of the supposed parallelepiped case will be occupied largely by a display screen considered as part of the ground plane. These main faces are practically not available to place an antenna or even a significant portion of antenna. It is known to those skilled in the art that the main metal frame and / or printed circuit board (PCB) on which the various constituent elements of the apparatus are placed form an integral part of the system. 'antenna. Nevertheless, one way of exciting the antenna in the housing is then to place the bulk of the conductive surfaces of the antenna exciter on a small side of the parallelepipedic housing, sufficiently far from the electrical elements which constitute the ground plane.

Les lignes de champ électrique partent du petit côté vers ce qui est considéré comme le plan de masse.The electric field lines go from the short side to what is considered the ground plane.

Le rendement de rayonnement de l'antenne, qui est égal au rapport de la puissance effectivement rayonnée à la puissance électrique acceptée par l'antenne, est détérioré d'une part par une mauvaise distribution des champs électriques rayonnés et d'autre part par la présence du boîtier qui est traversé par ces lignes de champ et qui provoque des pertes diélectriques ; le boîtier est souvent en ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiène-styrène), qui est un matériau à pertes.The radiation yield of the antenna, which is equal to the ratio of the power effectively radiated to the electrical power accepted by the antenna, is deteriorated firstly by a poor distribution of the radiated electric fields and secondly by the presence of the housing which is traversed by these field lines and which causes dielectric losses; the casing is often made of ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene), which is a lossy material.

Dans ce contexte, l'invention a pour but de proposer une nouvelle configuration d'antenne dans un boîtier d'appareil électronique, qui permet d'obtenir un rendement de rayonnement le meilleur possible.In this context, the object of the invention is to propose a new antenna configuration in an electronic device housing, which makes it possible to obtain the best possible radiation efficiency.

On propose donc un appareil électronique comprenant des moyens de communication par radio et un boîtier de forme généralement parallélépipédique destiné à être tenu à la main, avec une face principale et un premier côté adjacent à cette face principale, et une antenne s'étendant en partie sur la face principale et en partie sur le premier côté, caractérisé en ce que l'antenne comprend une structure conductrice découpée de façon à former une ligne conductrice à méandres reliée à une surface conductrice principale qui s'étend sur la majeure partie du premier côté et qui est repliée aux extrémités de ce premier côté sur un deuxième et un troisième côtés adjacents à la face principale pour former deux ailes latérales repliées, au moins une fente respective étant prévue pour séparer chaque aile de la surface conductrice principale et ainsi rétrécir et allonger les trajets des courants électriques allant vers les ailes latérales repliées.An electronic apparatus is thus proposed comprising radio communication means and a generally parallelepiped-shaped casing intended to be held by hand, with a main face and a first side adjacent to this main face, and an antenna extending in part. on the main face and partly on the first side, characterized in that the antenna comprises a conductive structure cut to form a meandering conductive line connected to a main conductive surface which extends over most of the first side and which is folded at the ends of this first side to a second and third side adjacent to the main face to form two folded side wings, at least one respective slot being provided to separate each wing from the main conductive surface and thereby shrink and lengthen the paths of the electric currents going towards the folded lateral wings.

La fente établit des lignes conductrices qui sont inductives du fait de leur faible rapport largeur/longueur, entre la partie située sur le premier côté et les ailes latérales repliées sur les deuxième et troisième cotés, et ces lignes inductives aident à réduire fortement les courants dans les ailes repliées. Il en résulte une émission de champs électriques plus forts et mieux répartis dans toutes les directions à partir de ces ailes situées sur deux coins du boîtier. Le rendement global de rayonnement en est significativement amélioré.The slot establishes conductive lines that are inductive because of their small width-to-length ratio, between the portion on the first side and the folded side wings on the second and third sides, and these inductive lines help to greatly reduce currents in the wings folded. This results in a stronger electric field emission and better distributed in all directions from these wings located on two corners of the case. The overall radiation efficiency is significantly improved.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit et qui est faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente en perspective, en vue de dessus et en vue de dessous, un boîtier d'appareil électronique parallélépipédique ;
  • la figure 2 représente, en vue de dessus et en vue de dessous, une pièce de support d'antenne permettant le repliement de l'antenne sur un premier petit côté et sur deux autres côtés ;
  • la figure 3 représente, en vue de dessus, l'antenne sur son support ;
  • la figure 4 représente, en vue de dessous, l'antenne sur son support ;
  • la figure 5 représente la structure conductrice de l'antenne, développée sur un plan.
Other features and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description which follows and which is given with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 represents in perspective, in plan view and in bottom view, a parallelepiped electronic device housing;
  • the figure 2 represents, in top view and in bottom view, an antenna support piece for folding the antenna on a first small side and two other sides;
  • the figure 3 represents, in top view, the antenna on its support;
  • the figure 4 represents, in view from below, the antenna on its support;
  • the figure 5 represents the conductive structure of the antenna, developed on a plane.

Sur la figure 1, on voit un appareil électronique contenu dans un boîtier parallélépipédique 10 pouvant être tenu dans la main. Le boîtier possède une face principale supérieure 12 qui peut porter un écran d'affichage 14 et des boutons de commande 16, 18, 20. La face supérieure peut avoir des dimensions de 7 à 10 centimètres de côté par exemple pour la plus grande dimension et de 4 à 8 centimètres de côté pour la plus petite. La face inférieure 22 peut contenir un logement pour une batterie d'alimentation. Le boîtier a quatre petits côtés, adjacents à la face supérieure et à la face inférieure, qui peuvent avoir une hauteur de 1 à 3 centimètres par exemple ; trois petits côtés sont désignés par les références 24, 26, 28 ; le dernier petit côté sera référencé 30 pour la commodité des explications, mais il n'est pas visible sur la figure 1.On the figure 1 , we see an electronic device contained in a parallelepipedal housing 10 can be held in the hand. The housing has an upper main face 12 which can carry a display screen 14 and control buttons 16, 18, 20. The upper face can have dimensions of 7 to 10 centimeters for example for the largest dimension and from 4 to 8 centimeters on the side for the smallest one. The lower face 22 may contain a housing for a battery pack. The casing has four small sides, adjacent to the upper face and the lower face, which may have a height of 1 to 3 centimeters for example; three short sides are designated by references 24, 26, 28; the last small side will be referenced 30 for convenience of explanation, but it is not visible on the figure 1 .

Les éléments électroniques contenus dans le boîtier ne sont pas représentés. L'appareil est destiné, malgré sa petite taille, à communiquer par radio dans la bande UHF (Ultra High Frequency en anglais) et plus spécifiquement à des fréquences pouvant aller de 380 MHz à 430 MHz.The electronic elements contained in the housing are not represented. The device is intended, despite its small size, to communicate by radio in the UHF band (Ultra High Frequency in English) and more specifically at frequencies ranging from 380 MHz to 430 MHz.

La figure 2 représente un support pour l'antenne d'émission-réception radio, permettant d'installer la partie excitatrice de l'antenne à l'intérieur du boîtier, essentiellement le long du petit côté 24 du boîtier et partiellement aussi sur les côtés 28 et 30. Le support est vu de dessus (partie supérieure de la figure 2) et de dessous (partie inférieure de la figure 2).The figure 2 represents a support for the radio transceiver antenna, for installing the exciter part of the antenna inside the housing, essentially along the short side 24 of the housing and partly also on the sides 28 and 30 The support is seen from above (the upper part of the figure 2 ) and from below (lower part of the figure 2 ).

Le support comporte une plaquette rigide 40 qui peut servir de support à d'autres éléments de l'appareil (par exemple à l'écran d'affichage) ; à l'extrémité de la plaquette 40, du côté qui sera tourné vers le premier petit côté 24, une feuille flexible imprimée 42 (de type polymère à base d'imide tel que le Kapton, marque déposée par la société Dupont) est collée et servira de support à l'antenne. Cette feuille est découpée et conformée avec des repliements de manière à pouvoir épouser la forme du boîtier contre le petit côté 24 et également en partie contre un deuxième (28) et un troisième (30) petits côtés, adjacents au premier petit côté ; en outre cette feuille est de préférence repliée aussi en partie le long de la face inférieure 22 opposée à la face principale.The support comprises a rigid plate 40 which can serve as a support for other elements of the device (for example on the display screen); at the end of the wafer 40, on the side which will be turned towards the first small side 24, a printed flexible sheet 42 (imide-based polymer type such as Kapton, registered trademark by Dupont) is glued and will support the antenna. This sheet is cut and shaped with folds so as to fit the shape of the housing against the short side 24 and also partly against a second (28) and third (30) short sides adjacent to the first short side; in addition, this sheet is preferably also folded partly along the lower face 22 opposite to the main face.

Cette feuille flexible 42 est une feuille de circuit imprimé ; elle est revêtue d'une couche conductrice découpée selon un motif qui constitue une partie de l'antenne, l'autre partie étant le plan de masse précité. Par commodité, dans la suite de la description seule la partie contenant le motif conducteur sera appelé antenne. Ce motif n'est pas représenté sur la figure 2 qui représente seulement la forme générale de la feuille 42. Le motif sera décrit plus loin.This flexible sheet 42 is a printed circuit sheet; it is coated with a conductive layer cut in a pattern which constitutes a part of the antenna, the other part being the abovementioned ground plane. For convenience, in the following description only the part containing the conductive pattern will be called antenna. This reason is not represented on the figure 2 which represents only the general form of the sheet 42. The pattern will be described later.

La feuille flexible comporte donc, lorsqu'elle est installée dans le boîtier, cinq parties différentes : une partie 421 parallèle à la face principale 12 sur une petite partie de celle-ci et collée sur le support 40 ; une partie 422 parallèle au premier petit côté 24 et occupant la majeure partie ou même la totalité ou quasi-totalité de ce premier côté ; une première aile 423 repliée le long du troisième petit côté (30) à partir de l'angle joignant le premier et le troisième petits côtés ; une deuxième aile 424 repliée le long du deuxième petit côté (28) à partir de l'angle joignant le premier et le deuxième petits côtés ; et enfin une partie 425 repliée sur la face inférieure 22 du boîtier à partir de l'angle joignant le premier petit côté 24 et la face inférieure 22 du boîtier. La feuille flexible est tout entière à l'intérieur du boîtier.The flexible sheet therefore comprises, when installed in the housing, five different parts: a portion 421 parallel to the main face 12 on a small portion thereof and bonded to the support 40; a portion 422 parallel to the first small side 24 and occupying most or all or substantially all of this first side; a first wing 423 folded along the third short side (30) from the angle joining the first and third short sides; a second wing 424 folded along the second short side (28) from the angle joining the first and second short sides; and finally a portion 425 folded on the lower face 22 of the housing from the angle joining the first small side 24 and the lower face 22 of the housing. The flexible sheet is entirely inside the case.

Les ailes s'étendent sur 1 à 3 centimètres le long du deuxième et du troisième petit côtés, mais pas plus, de manière à ne pas s'approcher sur une trop grande longueur du plan de masse constitué notamment par l'écran d'affichage et le circuit imprimé principal du boîtier.The wings extend 1 to 3 centimeters along the second and third short sides, but not more, so as not to approach too great a length of the ground plane consisting in particular by the display screen and the main printed circuit of the housing.

Les figures 3 et 4 représentent, respectivement en vue de dessus et en vue de dessous, le détail de la structure conductrice gravée sur la feuille flexible pour former l'antenne de l'appareil selon l'invention. La partie conductrice est représentée en surface hachurée.The Figures 3 and 4 represent, respectively in top view and in bottom view, the detail of the conductive structure engraved on the flexible sheet to form the antenna of the apparatus according to the invention. The conductive part is represented in hatched surface.

Cette structure conductrice comprend une ligne à méandre ayant un point d'excitation de signal 502 disposé sur la partie supérieure 421 de la feuille flexible de manière à pouvoir transmettre ou recevoir un signal radio depuis ou vers les circuits électroniques internes du boîtier.This conductive structure comprises a meander line having a signal excitation point 502 disposed on the upper portion 421 of the flexible sheet so as to be able to transmit or receive a radio signal from or to the internal electronics of the housing.

Le point d'excitation est situé à l'extrémité d'un brin conducteur étroit 504 qui s'étend parallèlement à la face 422 de la feuille, c'est-à-dire parallèlement au premier petit côté 24. Ce brin se prolonge par un autre brin étroit 506 qui revient à 180° du premier brin et en est séparé par un intervalle. Les deux brins sont de nature inductive compte-tenu de leur étroitesse et de leur longueur très supérieure à leur largeur.The excitation point is located at the end of a narrow conducting strand 504 which extends parallel to the face 422 of the sheet, that is to say parallel to the first short side 24. This strand is extended by another narrow strand 506 which returns to 180 ° of the first strand and is separated by an interval. The two strands are of inductive nature given their narrowness and their length much greater than their width.

L'extrémité du deuxième brin 506 rejoint une surface conductrice principale 508 qui occupe presque toute la surface 422 repliée le long du premier petit côté 24 du boîtier.The end of the second strand 506 joins a main conductive surface 508 which occupies almost the entire surface 422 folded along the first short side 24 of the housing.

La structure d'antenne comporte encore deux ailes conductrices 510 et 512 qui forment une capacité entre le plan de masse et l'antenne ; elles sont portées par les ailes repliées 423 et 424 de la feuille flexible imprimée et elles en occupent la plus grande partie. Mais ces ailes conductrices 510 et 512 ne sont pas directement adjacentes à la surface principale 508. Elles sont séparées en partie de cette surface par des fentes étroites respectives 514 et 516 qui rétrécissent et allongent le chemin de courant entre la surface conductrice principale 508 et les ailes 510 et 512, par opposition à ce qui se passerait si les ailes 510 et 512 étaient adjacentes sur toute leur hauteur à la surface principale 508.The antenna structure further comprises two conductive wings 510 and 512 which form a capacitance between the ground plane and the antenna; they are carried by the folded wings 423 and 424 of the printed flexible sheet and they occupy the greater part. But these conductive wings 510 and 512 are not directly adjacent to the main surface 508. They are partly separated from this surface by respective narrow slots 514 and 516 which narrow and lengthen the current path between the main conductive surface 508 and the wings 510 and 512, as opposed to what would happen if the wings 510 and 512 were adjacent full height to the main surface 508.

Dans l'exemple représenté, la liaison conductrice 518 ou 520 qui subsiste, là où la fente s'interrompt, entre la surface principale 508 et l'aile 510 ou 512, forme un méandre de type inductif (conducteurs de longueur largement supérieure à leur largeur). Cette liaison conductrice 518 ou 520 est en partie repliée sur la face inférieure 425 de la feuille flexible. On notera que la liaison conductrice 518 ou 520 peut également être confinée sur la surface 422, sans repliement sur la face inférieure 425 de la feuille flexible.In the example shown, the conductive connection 518 or 520 which remains, where the slot is interrupted, between the main surface 508 and the wing 510 or 512, forms a meander of the inductive type (conductors of length much larger than their width). This conductive connection 518 or 520 is partially folded on the lower face 425 of the flexible sheet. Note that the conductive connection 518 or 520 may also be confined to the surface 422, without folding on the underside 425 of the flexible sheet.

Enfin, la figure 5 représente une vue développée en plan de l'ensemble de l'antenne qu'on a représentée en perspective sur les figures 3 et 4. Les références et explications sont les mêmes qu'aux figures 3 et 4.Finally, figure 5 represents a developed view in plan of the whole of the antenna which has been represented in perspective on the Figures 3 and 4 . References and explanations are the same as in Figures 3 and 4 .

Du fait des fréquences relativement basses auxquelles on souhaite travailler malgré l'encombrement réduit du boîtier; les interactions entre le plan de masse et la structure conductrice de l'antenne viennent limiter les performances en termes de rendement de rayonnement, par rapport au rendement qu'on aurait avec une antenne monopôle ou dipôle classique perpendiculaire à un plan de masse. Dans la structure selon l'invention, les fentes qui rétrécissent et allongent le chemin de courant entre la surface conductrice capacitive 508 et les ailes latérales conductrices repliées 510 et 512 affaiblissent considérablement les courants dans les ailes repliées. Cet affaiblissement des courants établit un champ électrique plus fort dans les ailes repliées et établit des lignes de champ électrique mieux distribuées dans toutes les directions entre les surfaces conductrices rayonnantes (tout particulièrement les ailes repliées) et le plan de masse, ce qui améliore globalement le rendement de rayonnement. A titre de variante, on pourra prévoir non pas une unique fente 514, 516 entre la surface conductrice capacitive 508 et les ailes 510, 512, mais plusieurs fentes pour rétrécir et allonger le chemin de courant entre la surface conductrice capacitive 508 et les ailes latérales conductrices repliées 510 et 512. Dans ce cas, les fentes peuvent par exemple s'étendre alternativement depuis la face 421 et la face inférieure 425 pour former des structures en méandres entre la surface 508 et chacune des ailes 510, 512.Due to the relatively low frequencies that we want to work despite the reduced size of the housing; the interactions between the ground plane and the conductive structure of the antenna limit the performance in terms of radiation efficiency, compared to the yield that would be with a conventional monopole or dipole antenna perpendicular to a ground plane. In the structure according to the invention, the slots which narrow and lengthen the current path between the capacitive conductive surface 508 and the folded conductive lateral wings 510 and 512 considerably weaken the currents in the folded wings. This weakening of currents establishes a stronger electric field in the folded wings and establishes electric field lines better distributed in all directions between the radiating conductive surfaces (especially the folded wings) and the ground plane, which improves overall the radiation yield. Alternatively, it will be possible not to provide a single slot 514, 516 between the capacitive conductive surface 508 and the wings 510, 512, but several slots to narrow and lengthen the current path between the capacitive conductive surface 508 and the lateral wings. folded conductors 510 and 512. In this case, the slots may for example extend alternately from the face 421 and the lower face 425 to form meandering structures between the surface 508 and each of the wings 510, 512.

Les zones qui rayonnent le plus sont alors les angles du boîtier (angles entre le premier petit côté 24 et les deux autres petits côtés adjacents 28 et 30). Ces angles sont les parties les plus éloignées du plan de masse. La distribution de champs électriques se fait donc d'autant mieux dans toutes les directions.The areas that radiate the most are then the corners of the housing (angles between the first small side 24 and the other two adjacent small sides 28 and 30). These angles are the parts furthest away from the ground plane. The distribution of electric fields is therefore all the better in all directions.

Le rendement de rayonnement peut être augmenté significativement (augmentation de 10% environ d'un rendement de rayonnement qui peut être d'environ 30% pour ce type d'antenne).The radiation efficiency can be increased significantly (about 10% increase in radiation efficiency which can be about 30% for this type of antenna).

Claims (3)

Appareil électronique comprenant des moyens de communication par radio et un boîtier (10) de forme généralement parallélépipédique destiné à être tenu à la main, avec une première et une deuxième faces principales (12, 22) et quatre côtés (24, 26, 28, 30) adjacents à ces faces principales, et une antenne s'étendant en partie sur première face principale (12) et en partie sur un premier côté (24), caractérisé en ce que l'antenne comprend une structure conductrice découpée de façon à former une ligne conductrice inductive à méandres (504, 506) reliant un point d'excitation (502) à une surface conductrice principale unique (508) qui s'étend sur la majeure partie du premier côté et qui est repliée aux extrémités de ce premier côté sur un deuxième et un troisième côtés (28, 30) adjacents aux faces principales pour former deux ailes latérales repliées (510, 512), au moins une fente respective (514, 516) étant prévue pour séparer chaque aile de la surface conductrice principale et ainsi rétrécir et allonger les trajets des courants électriques allant vers les ailes latérales repliées.An electronic apparatus comprising radio communication means and a generally parallelepiped-shaped casing (10) adapted to be hand-held with first and second main faces (12, 22) and four sides (24, 26, 28, 30) adjacent to these main faces, and an antenna extending partly on a first main face (12) and partly on a first side (24), characterized in that the antenna comprises a conductive structure cut to form a meandering inductive conductor line (504, 506) connecting an excitation point (502) to a single main conductive surface (508) which extends over most of the first side and which is folded at the ends of this first side on a second and a third side (28, 30) adjacent the main faces to form two folded side wings (510, 512), at least one respective slot (514, 516) being provided to separate each wing from the main conductive surface and thus shrink and lengthen the paths of electric currents to the folded lateral wings. Appareil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque fente (514, 516) sépare la surface conductrice principale (508) et l'aile latérale repliée respective (510, 512) en s'étendant depuis la première face principale (12), la liaison conductrice (518, 520) entre la surface conductrice principale (508) et l'aile latérale repliée associée étant réalisée du côté de la seconde face principale (14).Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that each slot (514, 516) separates the main conductive surface (508) and the respective folded lateral wing (510, 512) extending from the first main face (12), the conductive connection (518, 520) between the main conductive surface (508) and the associated folded side wing being formed on the side of the second main face (14). Appareil selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la fente établit un trajet conducteur (518, 520) de type inductif entre la surface principale (508) et les ailes latérales.Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the slot establishes a conductive path (518, 520) of the inductive type between the main surface (508) and the lateral wings.
EP14195332.3A 2013-11-28 2014-11-28 Electronic apparatus with radio antenna folded in a housing Active EP2879234B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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FR1361795A FR3013904B1 (en) 2013-11-28 2013-11-28 ELECTRONIC APPARATUS WITH RADIO ANTENNA FOLDED IN A CASE

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EP2879234B1 EP2879234B1 (en) 2022-04-20

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FR3013904B1 (en) 2015-12-04
FR3013904A1 (en) 2015-05-29
US9306269B2 (en) 2016-04-05
EP2879234B1 (en) 2022-04-20

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