EP2865280B1 - Device and method for loosening tobacco in an installation used in the tobacco processing industry - Google Patents
Device and method for loosening tobacco in an installation used in the tobacco processing industry Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2865280B1 EP2865280B1 EP14187464.4A EP14187464A EP2865280B1 EP 2865280 B1 EP2865280 B1 EP 2865280B1 EP 14187464 A EP14187464 A EP 14187464A EP 2865280 B1 EP2865280 B1 EP 2865280B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tobacco material
- processing drum
- interior
- air
- fresh air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/04—Humidifying or drying tobacco bunches or cut tobacco
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/06—Loosening tobacco leaves or cut tobacco
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B9/00—Control of the moisture content of tobacco products, e.g. cigars, cigarettes, pipe tobacco
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for releasing tobacco, comprising a process drum having a supply opening provided on a Einbringseite, can be introduced through the tobacco in an interior of the process drum, and provided with a discharge side discharge opening, by the dissolved tobacco with a certain temperature a process air supply unit for introducing process air into the interior of the process drum and means for introducing steam and / or water into the process air and / or in the interior of the process drum, also is a Frischluftzuschreibiki for supplying fresh air to the Provided process air, wherein by means of the process air present in the interior of the process drum tobacco is treatable.
- the invention also relates to a method for releasing tobacco in a process drum having an introduction opening provided on an introduction side and an application opening provided on an application side, wherein the tobacco material is introduced into an interior of the process drum through the introduction opening and dissolved tobacco material is discharged from the interior of the process drum at a certain temperature at the discharge opening, and wherein the interior of the process drum process air is supplied and in the process air and / or in the interior of the process drum steam and / or water is introduced, wherein the present in the process drum tobacco material is supplied with the process air.
- Tobacco is dried after harvest to a relatively low residual moisture content of about 9% to 12% and is usually pressed into bales or packages for shipping.
- this relatively dry tobacco is to be further processed into smoke products, it is necessary to separate and separate the individual leaves or leaf pieces or ribs or rib pieces present in the pressed bales from one another. This known as dissolving the tobacco product process is a sub-process of tobacco processing.
- the tobacco bales are first mechanically precut into smaller portions.
- the tobacco bale is precut for example with a so-called "slicer", preferably perpendicular to the sheet material, cut into tobacco slices or portioned by means of forks.
- the precut tobacco material is then gently dissolved mechanically under the action of heat and moisture.
- the tobacco material present in the interior of the process drum is exposed to moist and warm process air. This is supplied with steam and brought to the desired temperature and humidity.
- a device for dissolving or treating tobacco is out WO-A-2012/025130 known. This device comprises a rotatable process drum which receives the tobacco material. After completion of the preheating phase, the process air is returned via a return line from the discharge side of the process drum to the feed side. In production mode, the process air circulates through the interior of the process drum and the return line. Continuously supplied steam regulates and regulates the temperature of the process air.
- Another device for treating tobacco is out GB-A-2 083 600 known.
- Out DE-A-10 2006 058 059 is a release and conditioning drum of the tobacco-processing industry, in which the tobacco is placed over an entry opening in an interior of the drum, dissolved in this and discharged via a discharge opening from the interior.
- moist and warm process air is introduced into the interior of the drum.
- the process air is removed from the drum.
- a return line through which process air is returned from the output side of the process drum to its input side.
- an adjustable proportion of the process air is returned to the drum or discharged to the environment as exhaust air.
- fresh air from the environment of the drum is sucked in, heated by means of a heat exchanger, and added to the process air.
- the process air is continuously admixed with a certain amount of fresh air, in particular with a constant time.
- the Flex process is an option for tobacco conditioning that uses a constant ratio of steam to tobacco.
- a heat exchanger is integrated in the return line.
- this is only possible in a very narrow regulatory area.
- the object of the invention is to provide a device and a method for releasing tobacco, wherein an improved control of the process parameters, in particular the process temperature should be possible.
- a device for releasing tobacco comprising a process drum with a supply opening provided on a Einbringseite through which tobacco material is introduced or introduced into an interior of the process drum, and provided with a discharge side discharge opening, through the dissolved tobacco a process air supply unit for introducing process air into the interior of the process drum, means for introducing steam and / or water into the process air and / or into the interior of the process drum, a Frischluftzuschreibiki for supplying fresh air to the process air, wherein the tobacco material present in the interior of the process drum can be treated by means of the process air, the device is further developed by a control unit and a temperature sensor connected thereto is provided for detecting the temperature of the dissolved tobacco product and the fresh air supply unit comprises a first controllable by the control unit volumetric flow controller for controlling a process air supplied volume flow of fresh air, wherein the control unit is adapted to control the process air supplied volume flow of fresh air so that in Depending on the detected temperature of the dissolved tobacco product of the first volume flow controller set volume
- the invention is based on the idea that in a device for releasing tobacco material, the temperature and also the humidity of the process air, by means of a fresh air flow supplied to the process air can be regulated.
- the volume flow of fresh air, which is added to the process air for the treatment of the tobacco is regulated in dependence on the temperature of the dissolved tobacco product leaving the process drum.
- a direct detection of the temperature of the dissolved tobacco product takes place.
- a consistently high quality of the dissolved tobacco product is ensured and its temperature is kept very constant during the dissolution process at a predetermined temperature setpoint. This is especially true when the process is run at a constant ratio of tobacco to steam.
- the device according to the invention uses the temperature of the tobacco product as a controlled variable, wherein the volume flow of the fresh air is the manipulated variable of the process.
- the control mechanism is the water loading of the process air and thus their relative humidity on the mixing ratio of the process air with fresh air to change.
- the addition of fresh air to the process air reduces the relative humidity in the process air.
- the process is favored that water evaporates the wet surface of the tobacco into the process air until a balance between the discharge of water of the wet tobacco with the water absorption capacity of the process air.
- heat is required, which is withdrawn from the tobacco. Due to the removal of heat for the evaporation process, the tobacco temperature drops in the tobacco. According to the above can therefore be achieved by the addition of fresh air cooling of the tobacco in a simple manner
- a regulation of the humidity and / or the temperature of the process air by a volume flow of fresh air admixed with the process air also offers the advantage that a larger control range is available for the temperature and / or the humidity of the process air.
- the temperature and / or the humidity of the process air can be varied within a larger parameter range.
- control unit is set up such that the first volumetric flow controller is controllable or regulated in a closed loop in particular such that the volumetric flow of fresh air supplied to the process air can be set or adjusted so that the detected temperature of the in the process drum dissolved tobacco corresponds to at least approximately a temperature setpoint.
- the temperature of the tobacco is controlled by the position of the first volume flow regulator, which is for example a control or throttle.
- the control circuit of the device directly uses the temperature of the dissolved tobacco as a controlled variable.
- the temperature of the tobacco product is therefore adjusted more reliably and precisely.
- a return line extending between the discharge side and the delivery side of the process drum for returning process air into the interior of the process drum is provided, wherein a fresh air supply line is connected to the return line and the first volume flow regulator is provided in the fresh air supply line.
- the volume flow regulator is a throttle valve provided in the fresh air supply line, which is also to be referred to as a fresh air flap. Their flap position determines the volume flow controlled by the first volume flow controller.
- this embodiment is further developed in that a heat exchanger is provided in the fresh air supply line, wherein the control unit is set up such that the heat exchanger is regulated or regulated so that the supplied fresh air has a constant and in particular predetermined temperature.
- the temperature of the fresh air is kept constant, it is possible that the temperature and / or the humidity of the process air is determined exclusively by the volume flow of the fresh air supplied to the process air.
- the first volume flow controller is required as an actuator for the control loop. In such a device, the necessary control and control of the device for the process control over conventional Facilities simplified.
- the means for releasing tobacco material is designed so that a coupled to the return line exhaust pipe is provided for the removal of process air, wherein in the exhaust duct, a third volume flow regulator is provided, and wherein the control unit is arranged such that it the first and the third volumetric flow controller regulates such that a volume flow of fresh air present in the fresh air supply line and a volumetric flow of the exhaust air present in the main exhaust line correlate, in particular correlate linearly.
- the device is thus designed so that a continuous exchange of the process air takes place. Since the volume flows of the fresh air and the exhaust air, apart from the continuously exchanged process air amount, compensate each other, is advantageously dispensed with a dome pressure control. A corresponding hood is optionally provided on the delivery side of the process drum. The absence of the dome pressure control simplifies the design and control of the device for releasing tobacco. An example existing offset between the flow of fresh air and the volume flow of the exhaust air ensures that the additional amount of air introduced does not exit at the bottom of the outlet hood, but with the vapor, so the resulting air during the treatment process, is sucked.
- the device for releasing tobacco material is characterized in that a conveying device is provided for feeding tobacco material into the process drum, wherein the regulating unit is set up in such a way that that it controls this conveyor and the means for introducing steam and / or water so that an introduced into the process air and / or in the interior of the process drum first mass of steam and / or water and a second mass of introduced into the process drum tobacco to stand in a constant relationship.
- the conveyor is preferably a clock-controlled feed belt, in which in particular a belt scale is integrated.
- a constant tobacco to vapor ratio is advantageous in view of a simplified control of the device for releasing tobacco material, since this is operable with a continuous mass flow of steam.
- a Sprinkler unit is provided in the interior of the process drum, wherein liquid is present or acted upon by the sprinkler unit in the process drum tobacco material, and wherein the control unit is adapted to one of this sprinkler unit in the To regulate the treatment drum introduced volume of liquid so that this volume and introduced into the interior of the treatment drum mass of tobacco in a constant ratio.
- control parameter is used in the device for releasing tobacco according to one or more of the aforementioned embodiments.
- This is the amount of fresh air supplied to the process air.
- the remaining process parameters in particular the temperature of the fresh air, the mass of steam and / or water supplied to the tobacco product and the volume of liquid with which the tobacco material is applied, are preferably kept constant.
- the control unit is set up in particular to regulate the temperature of the dissolved tobacco product exclusively by the volume flow of fresh air supplied to the process air.
- the first volume flow controller is controlled so that the volume flow in the fresh air line is proportional to the volume flow in the exhaust air line.
- the volume flow in the process air return behaves antiproportional to that of the fresh air.
- control mechanism is to change the water loading of the process air and thus its relative humidity via the mixing ratio of the process air with the fresh air supplied. For this purpose, a more or less large volume flow of fresh air is supplied to the process air. So that the amount of process air is not changed, the proportion of circulating process air and the volume flow of discharged exhaust air are adjusted accordingly.
- the temperature sensor is a first non-contact temperature sensor and / or a second temperature sensor, which is integrated into a component which is in thermal contact, at least indirectly, with the dissolved tobacco material applied to the dispensing opening.
- the second temperature sensor is provided for example in a conveyor trough and / or in a discharge hood. It is conceivable that the second temperature sensor is at least indirectly in thermal contact with the dissolved tobacco product, e.g. is arranged in the conveyor trough, which is provided in particular for receiving discharged from the discharge opening dissolved tobacco product.
- the temperature of the discharged and dissolved tobacco product with the first and / or the second temperature sensor is detected precisely and quickly, so that the temperature and / or the humidity of the process air can be adjusted with high accuracy.
- the object of the invention is also achieved by a method for releasing tobacco in a process drum having a supply opening provided on a Einbringseite and provided on a Ausbringseite discharge opening, wherein the tobacco is introduced into an interior of the process drum through the insertion opening and dissolved tobacco with a specific Temperature at the discharge opening is discharged from the interior of the process drum, and wherein the process air is supplied to the interior of the process drum and in particular in the process air and / or in the interior of the process drum steam and / or water is introduced, wherein the present in the process drum with tobacco the process air is acted upon, and wherein the method is further developed in that the temperature of the dissolved tobacco product is detected and depending on the detected temperature of the tobacco material a certain volume flow of fresh air of the process air be is mixed to influence the temperature of the dissolved tobacco.
- the method is preferably characterized in that one of the process air supplied volume flow of fresh air in a closed loop in particular is controlled so that the detected temperature of the dissolved tobacco material corresponds at least approximately to a temperature setpoint.
- the fresh air added to the process air is heated to a predetermined, in particular constant, temperature, in particular heated.
- a first mass of tobacco material and in the process air and / or in the interior of the process drum a second mass of steam and / or water is introduced into the interior of the process drum, wherein the first and the second mass in a constant ratio to stand by each other.
- a liquid is introduced into the interior of the process drum, whereby the tobacco material is charged with this liquid, and a volume of the introduced liquid and a mass of tobacco material introduced into the process drum are in a fixed relationship to one another.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows a simplified perspective view of a device 2 for releasing tobacco.
- This includes a preferably cylindrical process drum 4, in which the tobacco material is dissolved and optionally treated.
- the process drum 2 is driven in particular in rotation by a drive, not shown, wherein its axis of rotation has a predetermined inclination angle of, for example, 2 ° relative to the horizontal.
- the precut tobacco material is fed to an interior of the process drum 2 at a front side provided introduction side 6 via an insertion opening, not shown.
- the dissolved and possibly treated tobacco material inside the process drum 2 is discharged from the interior of the process drum 4 at a certain temperature.
- the tobacco can not only be solved, but also subjected to further treatment steps.
- the tobacco can be sauces.
- the interior of the process drum 2 may be divided into an easing zone and a treatment zone.
- the tobacco material is fed to the process drum 4 on the introduction side 6 via a conveyor 10, which is in particular a clock-controlled feed belt in which a belt scale is integrated.
- a hood 12 is provided on the opposite application side 8. The tobacco leaves the cover 12 at the bottom and is fed on a conveyor trough 14 to the subsequent processing steps.
- the device 2 for releasing tobacco material comprises a process air supply unit for introducing process air into the interior of the process drum 4.
- a fresh air supply unit 21 provided, which includes a heat exchanger 24 and a fresh air supply line 22.
- the process air supply unit comprises a return line 16, which extends from the discharge side 8 to the introduction side 6 of the process drum 4, whereby process air sucked in on the discharge side 8 is returned to the feed side 6 of the process drum 4.
- a further heat exchanger 18 is provided in the return line 16.
- the process air is conveyed through a suitable blower 20 provided in the return line 16.
- the fresh air supply line 22 is connected to the return line 16 at the connection point 48.
- the fresh air drawn in from the environment or from the atmosphere is tempered with the aid of the heat exchanger 24, and is preferably heated to a constant and in particular predetermined temperature.
- the fresh air is drier and / or warmer than the process air during operation of the devices 2 for treating tobacco.
- process air is extracted via an exhaust system of the device 2.
- the exhaust air leaves the system via an exhaust pipe 26 with the exhaust port 26 is a main exhaust line 28 is connected.
- 26 more exhaust ducts 34 are connected to this main exhaust line. These promote exhaust air from a provided on the introduction side 6 first exhaust hood 30 and provided on the discharge side 8 second exhaust hood 32.
- the exhaust air flow is maintained by means of a suitable blower 20, so that the exhaust air via the exhaust pipe 26 are deducted from the system can.
- the device 2 for releasing tobacco material also comprises at least one temperature sensor 52, 54 for detecting the temperature of the dissolved tobacco product.
- the in FIG. 1 shown device 2 two temperature sensors 52, 54.
- a first temperature sensor 52 is a non-contact temperature sensor, in particular an infrared sensor.
- the first temperature sensor 52 is provided in the hood 12, which is a discharge hood.
- the second temperature sensor 54 is in FIG. 1 integrated as an example in the conveyor trough 14.
- the second temperature sensor 54 may be, for example, a thermocouple.
- the second temperature sensor 54 is in at least indirect thermal contact with the discharged from the process drum 4 and further conveyed in the conveyor trough 14 dissolved tobacco.
- the fresh air supply unit 21 For supplying fresh air to the process air, the fresh air supply unit 21 is connected to the return line 14. In order to control and regulate the volume flow of the fresh air admixed with the process air, the fresh air supply line 22 also comprises a first volume flow regulator 36, shown schematically.
- This first volume flow controller 36 is in particular a throttle or control flap. It should be referred to in the context of this description as a fresh air flap FL.
- the return line 16 comprises a second volume flow regulator 38.
- the second volume flow regulator 38 is also preferably a throttle or control flap. It should also be referred to as process air flap KL in the context of this description.
- the exhaust air line 28 includes a third volume flow controller 40 for controlling the volume flow of the exhaust air.
- This third volume flow controller 40 is preferably designed as a throttle or control flap, which (r) should also be referred to as exhaust air flap AL.
- the device 2 for releasing tobacco material also comprises a control unit 42, which is set up in such a way that it influences the volume flow of fresh air set by the first volume flow controller 36 as a function of the detected temperature of the dissolved tobacco product.
- the second and third volumetric flow controllers 38, 40 are adjusted as a function of the position of the first volumetric flow controller 36.
- the second volumetric flow regulator 38 is regulated proportionally to the first volume flow regulator 36.
- the third volume flow controller 40 is controlled in particular antiproportional to the first volume flow controller 36.
- a straight line equation is deposited, which determines the position of the fresh air flap FL to the exhaust air flap AL
- FIG. 2 describes a simplified process scheme for carrying out a method for releasing tobacco in the in FIG. 1 shown installation, according to another embodiment, shows.
- the process drum 4 is supplied in particular precut tobacco material T, which is dissolved in the process drum 4.
- the process air is subjected to steam S. This is done by supplying steam to the process air through a steam nozzle 44 integrated in the return line 16 and / or steam S through a steam nozzle 44 located directly in the interior of the process drum 4.
- a sprinkler unit 46 located in the interior of the process drum 4, a sprinkler unit 46, by means of which in the process drum 4 existing tobacco material T with a liquid, in particular with water, is applied. By exposure to heat and moisture, the tobacco T is released, so that at the Application side 8 of the process drum 4 dissolved tobacco T * is provided.
- the tobacco material T present in the interior of the process drum 4 is charged with the process air. This circulates through the return line 16 from the discharge side 8 of the process drum 2 to the introduction side 6.
- the return line 16 comprises the second volume flow regulator 38 and the process air flap PL, so that the volume flow of the process air can be regulated.
- a fresh air line 22 and the main exhaust line 28 are connected.
- a first to third volume flow controller 36, 38, 40 are provided in the respective lines.
- the volumetric flow controllers are connected to the control unit 42.
- the control unit 42 is adapted to control the volume flow of fresh air by appropriate control of the first volume flow controller 36 so that the volume flow of the fresh air and the volume flow of the exhaust air, which is determined by the position of the third volume flow controller 40, substantially mutually compensate.
- the first volume flow controller 36 and the third volume flow controller 40 are at least approximately synchronously driven.
- a linear equation between the position of the fresh air flap FL and the exhaust air flap AL can be stored in the control, which is reflected in the position of the first volumetric flow controller 36 and the position of the third volumetric flow controller 40.
- This regulation of the fresh air flap FL and the exhaust air flap AL serves to ensure that the additionally supplied air volume is not at the bottom the hood 12 out, but is sucked with the vapors.
- the first volume flow controller 36 and the second volume flow controller 38 which determines the volume flow of the process air PL, however, are driven in opposite directions.
- the described control of the first to third volumetric flow controller 36, 38, 40 of the process air depending on the position of the first volumetric flow controller 36, at the junction 48 a certain amount of fresh air is added.
- the process air is in particular continuously conveyed by means of the blower 20.
- the plant supplied fresh air A is further preferably heated in the heat exchanger 24 to a constant, and in particular predetermined temperature and in particular heated.
- the heat exchanger 24 is connected to a main steam line 50, which is fed with steam S.
- the heat exchanger 24 for heating the fresh air A is further controlled in particular by a control loop, comprising in temperature sensor 56, an integral proportional control 57 and a control valve 58. In the heat exchanger 24 accumulating condensate C is withdrawn from the system.
- the device 2 whose function in the functional diagram of FIG. 2 is shown schematically, also comprises at least one temperature sensor 52, 54, the measured value is used as a controlled variable for the position of the first to third volume flow controller 36, 38, 40.
- the measured value of the at least one temperature sensor 52, 54 served as a controlled variable for the position of the first volumetric flow controller 36, since the position of the second and third volumetric flow controllers 38, 40 takes place in dependence on the position of the first volumetric flow controller 36.
- the second exhaust hood 32 is shown, which is connected via the exhaust air line 34 to the blower 20, so that exhaust air AEX is withdrawn from the system.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows a process diagram according to another embodiment.
- the basic structure of in FIG. 3 shown process schema is already off FIG. 2 so that only the differences compared to the process diagram shown there should be discussed.
- FIG. 3 Process diagram shown relates to a process drum like her WO-A-2012/025130 is known. Unlike the in FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment, this process drum only a heat exchanger (28, see Offenlegungsschrift WO-A-2012/025130 ) on. This heat exchanger (reference numeral 24 in FIG Fig. 3 ) is used on the one hand for preheating the process drum and is used in the present invention in addition to heating the fresh air
- FIG. 4 schematically shows the time-dependent trace for the detected by means of the at least one temperature sensor 52, 54 temperature (reference numeral 60) of the tobacco material T in ° C over time in any units.
- the horizontally extending dashed line (reference numeral 62) indicates the desired temperature setpoint of the dissolved tobacco product T *.
- FIG. 4 the positions of the three volume flow controllers 36, 38, 40 shown.
- these are throttle or control flaps whose position determines the volume flow for the fresh air, the process air and the exhaust air.
- the flap positions are on the scale to the right Worn away side.
- the value "0" stands for a closed flap and the value "1" for an opened flap.
- a heating phase I the fresh air flap FL is completely closed.
- the process air flap PL is completely open.
- the process air is circulated through the return line 16 and the interior of the process drum 4 during the heating phase and continuously heated.
- the temperature of the tobacco product rises continuously until its temperature has reached the desired target temperature (horizontal dashed line, reference numeral 42). Since at the beginning of this phase no tobacco product is conveyed through the process drum 4, the temperature control can be carried out on the basis of the process air temperature.
- the process air is increasingly mixed with fresh air. Accordingly, the fresh air flap FL is opened while the process air flap PL is increasingly closed.
- the exhaust air flap AL is controlled substantially in proportion to the fresh air flap FL, with the possibility of keeping a constant offset or in the control to define a straight-line equation. Thus opens together with the fresh air flap FL and the exhaust air flap AL.
- the measured temperature (reference numeral 60) of the dissolved tobacco T * falls below the temperature setpoint (reference numeral 62). This has the consequence that the fresh air content is reduced to the process air, which means that the fresh air flap FL further closed and the process air flap PL is opened again.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung zum Lösen von Tabakgut, umfassend eine Prozesstrommel mit einer an einer Einbringseite vorgesehenen Einbringöffnung, durch die Tabakgut in einen Innenraum der Prozesstrommel einbringbar ist, und mit einer an einer Ausbringseite vorgesehenen Ausbringöffnung, durch die gelöstes Tabakgut mit einer bestimmten Temperatur aus dem Innenraum der Prozesstrommel ausbringbar ist, eine Prozessluftzufuhreinheit zum Einleiten von Prozessluft in den Innenraum der Prozesstrommel und Mittel zum Einbringen von Dampf und/oder Wasser in die Prozessluft und/oder in den Innenraum der Prozesstrommel, außerdem ist eine Frischluftzufuhreinheit zum Zuführen von Frischluft zu der Prozessluft vorgesehen, wobei mittels der Prozessluft das im Innenraum der Prozesstrommel vorhandene Tabakgut behandelbar ist.The invention relates to a device for releasing tobacco, comprising a process drum having a supply opening provided on a Einbringseite, can be introduced through the tobacco in an interior of the process drum, and provided with a discharge side discharge opening, by the dissolved tobacco with a certain temperature a process air supply unit for introducing process air into the interior of the process drum and means for introducing steam and / or water into the process air and / or in the interior of the process drum, also is a Frischluftzufuhreinheit for supplying fresh air to the Provided process air, wherein by means of the process air present in the interior of the process drum tobacco is treatable.
Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem ein Verfahren zum Lösen von Tabakgut in einer Prozesstrommel mit einer an einer Einbringseite vorgesehenen Einbringöffnung und einer an einer Ausbringseite vorgesehenen Ausbringöffnung, wobei das Tabakgut in einen Innenraum der Prozesstrommel durch die Einbringöffnung eingebracht wird und gelöstes Tabakgut mit einer bestimmten Temperatur an der Ausbringöffnung aus dem Innenraum der Prozesstrommel ausgebracht wird, und wobei dem Innenraum der Prozesstrommel Prozessluft zugeführt wird und in die Prozessluft und/oder in den Innenraum der Prozesstrommel Dampf und/oder Wasser eingebracht wird, wobei das in der Prozesstrommel vorhandene Tabakgut mit der Prozessluft beaufschlagt wird.The invention also relates to a method for releasing tobacco in a process drum having an introduction opening provided on an introduction side and an application opening provided on an application side, wherein the tobacco material is introduced into an interior of the process drum through the introduction opening and dissolved tobacco material is discharged from the interior of the process drum at a certain temperature at the discharge opening, and wherein the interior of the process drum process air is supplied and in the process air and / or in the interior of the process drum steam and / or water is introduced, wherein the present in the process drum tobacco material is supplied with the process air.
Tabak wird nach der Ernte auf eine relativ geringe Restfeuchte von in etwa 9% bis 12% getrocknet und zum Versand gewöhnlich in Ballen oder Pakete gepresst. Wenn dieser relativ trockene Tabak zu Rauchprodukten weiterverarbeitet werden soll, so ist es erforderlich, die in den gepressten Ballen vorhandenen einzelnen Blätter oder Blattstücke bzw. Rippen oder Rippenstücke wieder voneinander zu lösen und zu vereinzeln. Dieser als Lösen des Tabakguts bekannte Prozess ist ein Teilprozess der Tabakaufbereitung.Tobacco is dried after harvest to a relatively low residual moisture content of about 9% to 12% and is usually pressed into bales or packages for shipping. When this relatively dry tobacco is to be further processed into smoke products, it is necessary to separate and separate the individual leaves or leaf pieces or ribs or rib pieces present in the pressed bales from one another. This known as dissolving the tobacco product process is a sub-process of tobacco processing.
Die getrockneten und in Tabakballen gepressten Tabakblätter haften stark aneinander und sind aufgrund ihrer geringen Feuchte außerdem brüchig und sehr empfindlich gegen mechanische Einwirkungen. Das Lösen des Tabakguts muss also schonend geschehen. Bei den angewandten Verfahren zum Lösen von Tabakgut werden die Tabakballen zunächst mechanisch in kleinere Portionen vorgeschnitten. Der Tabakballen wird beispielsweise mit einem sog. "Slicer", vorzugsweise senkrecht zur Blattgutlage, in Tabakscheiben vorgeschnitten oder mittels Gabeln portioniert.The dried tobacco leaves pressed into tobacco bales adhere strongly to each other and are also fragile due to their low moisture content and very sensitive to mechanical effects. The release of the tobacco must therefore be gentle. In the methods used for releasing tobacco, the tobacco bales are first mechanically precut into smaller portions. The tobacco bale is precut for example with a so-called "slicer", preferably perpendicular to the sheet material, cut into tobacco slices or portioned by means of forks.
In einer insbesondere drehbaren Behandlungs- oder Prozesstrommel wird das vorgeschnittene Tabakgut anschließend unter Einwirkung von Wärme und Feuchtigkeit schonend mechanisch gelöst. Zu diesem Zweck wird das im Innenraum der Prozesstrommel vorhandene Tabakgut mit feuchter und warmer Prozessluft beaufschlagt. Dieser wird Dampf zugeführt und so auf die gewünschte Temperatur und Luftfeuchtigkeit gebracht.
Eine Vorrichtung zum Lösen bzw. Behandeln von Tabakgut ist aus
A device for dissolving or treating tobacco is out
Eine weitere Vorrichtung zum Behandeln von Tabakgut ist aus
Aus
Gemäß dem "Flex-Prozess" der Hauni Maschinenbau AG wird der Prozessluft kontinuierlich eine bestimmte und insbesondere zeitlich konstante Menge Frischluft beigemischt. Der Flex-Prozess ist eine Option für die Tabakkonditionierung, bei der mit einem konstanten Verhältnis von Dampf zu Tabak gearbeitet wird. Um dennoch eine Drift der Prozesslufttemperatur auszugleichen, ist in die Rückführleitung ein Wärmetauscher integriert. Dies ist jedoch nur in einem sehr engen Regelungsbereich möglich.According to the "flex process" of Hauni Maschinenbau AG, the process air is continuously admixed with a certain amount of fresh air, in particular with a constant time. The Flex process is an option for tobacco conditioning that uses a constant ratio of steam to tobacco. In order nevertheless to compensate for a drift in the process air temperature, a heat exchanger is integrated in the return line. However, this is only possible in a very narrow regulatory area.
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik besteht die Aufgabe der Erfindung darin, eine Einrichtung sowie ein Verfahren zum Lösen von Tabakgut bereitzustellen, wobei eine verbesserte Regelung der Prozessparameter, insbesondere der Prozesstemperatur, möglich sein soll.Based on this prior art, the object of the invention is to provide a device and a method for releasing tobacco, wherein an improved control of the process parameters, in particular the process temperature should be possible.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch eine Einrichtung zum Lösen von Tabakgut, umfassend eine Prozesstrommel mit einer an einer Einbringseite vorgesehenen Einbringöffnung, durch die Tabakgut in einen Innenraum der Prozesstrommel einbringbar ist oder eingebracht wird, und mit einer an einer Ausbringseite vorgesehenen Ausbringöffnung, durch die gelöstes Tabakgut mit einer bestimmten Temperatur aus dem Innenraum der Prozesstrommel ausbringbar ist oder ausgebracht wird, eine Prozessluftzufuhreinheit zum Einleiten von Prozessluft in den Innenraum der Prozesstrommel, Mittel zum Einbringen von Dampf und/oder Wasser in die Prozessluft und/oder in den Innenraum der Prozesstrommel, eine Frischluftzufuhreinheit zum Zuführen von Frischluft zu der Prozessluft, wobei mittels der Prozessluft das im Innenraum der Prozesstrommel vorhandene Tabakgut behandelbar ist, die Einrichtung ist dadurch weitergebildet, dass eine Regelungseinheit und ein damit verbundener Temperatursensor zur Erfassung der Temperatur des gelösten Tabakguts vorgesehen ist und die Frischluftzufuhreinheit einen ersten von der Regelungseinheit regelbaren Volumenstromregler zur Regelung eines der Prozessluft zugeführten Volumenstroms an Frischluft umfasst, wobei die Regelungseinheit dazu eingerichtet ist, den der Prozessluft zugeführten Volumenstrom an Frischluft so zu regeln, dass in Abhängigkeit von der erfassten Temperatur des gelösten Tabakguts der von dem ersten Volumenstromregler eingestellte Volumenstrom an Frischluft beeinflussbar ist.This object is achieved by a device for releasing tobacco, comprising a process drum with a supply opening provided on a Einbringseite through which tobacco material is introduced or introduced into an interior of the process drum, and provided with a discharge side discharge opening, through the dissolved tobacco a process air supply unit for introducing process air into the interior of the process drum, means for introducing steam and / or water into the process air and / or into the interior of the process drum, a Frischluftzufuhreinheit for supplying fresh air to the process air, wherein the tobacco material present in the interior of the process drum can be treated by means of the process air, the device is further developed by a control unit and a temperature sensor connected thereto is provided for detecting the temperature of the dissolved tobacco product and the fresh air supply unit comprises a first controllable by the control unit volumetric flow controller for controlling a process air supplied volume flow of fresh air, wherein the control unit is adapted to control the process air supplied volume flow of fresh air so that in Depending on the detected temperature of the dissolved tobacco product of the first volume flow controller set volume flow of fresh air can be influenced.
Die Erfindung beruht auf dem Gedanken, dass in einer Einrichtung zum Lösen von Tabakgut die Temperatur und auch die Feuchte der Prozessluft, mittels eines der Prozessluft zugeführten Frischluftstroms regelbar sind. Der Volumenstrom an Frischluft, der der Prozessluft zur Behandlung des Tabakguts beigemischt wird, ist in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur des gelösten Tabakguts, welches die Prozesstrommel verlässt, geregelt. Bei der Tabakaufbereitung in der erfindungsgemäßen Einrichtung erfolgt eine direkte Erfassung der Temperatur des gelösten Tabakguts. So wird eine gleichbleibend hohe Qualität des gelösten Tabakguts sichergestellt und dessen Temperatur wird während des Lösevorgangs sehr konstant auf einem vorgegebenen Temperatursollwert gehalten. Dies gilt insbesondere, wenn der Prozess mit einem konstanten Verhältnis von Tabak zu Dampf gefahren wird.The invention is based on the idea that in a device for releasing tobacco material, the temperature and also the humidity of the process air, by means of a fresh air flow supplied to the process air can be regulated. The volume flow of fresh air, which is added to the process air for the treatment of the tobacco, is regulated in dependence on the temperature of the dissolved tobacco product leaving the process drum. In tobacco processing in the device according to the invention, a direct detection of the temperature of the dissolved tobacco product takes place. Thus, a consistently high quality of the dissolved tobacco product is ensured and its temperature is kept very constant during the dissolution process at a predetermined temperature setpoint. This is especially true when the process is run at a constant ratio of tobacco to steam.
Mit anderen Worten bedient sich die erfindungsgemäße Einrichtung der Temperatur des Tabakguts als Regelgröße, wobei der Volumenstrom der Frischluft die Stellgröße des Prozesses ist.In other words, the device according to the invention uses the temperature of the tobacco product as a controlled variable, wherein the volume flow of the fresh air is the manipulated variable of the process.
Bei der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht der Regelmechanismus darin, die Wasserbeladung der Prozessluft und damit ihre relative Feuchte über das Mischungsverhältnis der Prozessluft mit Frischluft zu verändern. Durch die Beimischung von Frischluft zu der Prozessluft wird die relative Feuchte in der Prozessluft reduziert. Durch die Reduzierung der relativen Feuchte wird der Vorgang begünstigt, dass Wasser der feuchten Oberfläche des Tabakguts in die Prozessluft verdampft, bis sich ein Gleichgewicht zwischen der Wasserabgabe des feuchten Tabakguts mit dem Wasseraufnahmevermögen der Prozessluft einstellt. Für den Verdampfungsvorgang des Wassers in die Prozessluft ist Wärme erforderlich, die dem Tabakgut entzogen wird. Durch den Entzug von Wärme für den Verdampfungsvorgang sinkt die Tabaktemperatur in dem Tabakgut. Gemäß dem oben gesagten kann durch die Zugabe von Frischluft also eine Kühlung des Tabakguts in einfacher Weise erreicht werdenIn the present invention, the control mechanism is the water loading of the process air and thus their relative humidity on the mixing ratio of the process air with fresh air to change. The addition of fresh air to the process air reduces the relative humidity in the process air. By reducing the relative humidity, the process is favored that water evaporates the wet surface of the tobacco into the process air until a balance between the discharge of water of the wet tobacco with the water absorption capacity of the process air. For the evaporation process of the water in the process air heat is required, which is withdrawn from the tobacco. Due to the removal of heat for the evaporation process, the tobacco temperature drops in the tobacco. According to the above can therefore be achieved by the addition of fresh air cooling of the tobacco in a simple manner
Eine Regelung der Feuchte und/oder der Temperatur der Prozessluft durch einen der Prozessluft beigemischten Volumenstrom an Frischluft bietet außerdem den Vorteil, dass ein größerer Regelbereich für die Temperatur und/oder die Feuchte der Prozessluft zur Verfügung steht. Mit anderen Worten kann die Temperatur und/oder die Feuchte der Prozessluft in einem größeren Parameterbereich variiert werden.A regulation of the humidity and / or the temperature of the process air by a volume flow of fresh air admixed with the process air also offers the advantage that a larger control range is available for the temperature and / or the humidity of the process air. In other words, the temperature and / or the humidity of the process air can be varied within a larger parameter range.
Gemäß einer Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass die Regelungseinheit so eingerichtet ist, dass der erste Volumenstromregler in einem insbesondere geschlossenen Regelkreis derart regelbar ist oder geregelt wird, dass der der Prozessluft zugeführte Volumenstrom an Frischluft so einstellbar ist oder eingestellt wird, dass die erfasste Temperatur des in der Prozesstrommel gelösten Tabakguts zumindest näherungsweise einem Temperatursollwert entspricht. Mit anderen Worten wird also die Temperatur des Tabakguts durch die Stellung des ersten Volumenstromreglers, bei dem es sich beispielsweise um eine Stell- oder Drosselklappe handelt, geregelt.According to one embodiment, it is provided that the control unit is set up such that the first volumetric flow controller is controllable or regulated in a closed loop in particular such that the volumetric flow of fresh air supplied to the process air can be set or adjusted so that the detected temperature of the in the process drum dissolved tobacco corresponds to at least approximately a temperature setpoint. In other words, therefore, the temperature of the tobacco is controlled by the position of the first volume flow regulator, which is for example a control or throttle.
Der Regelkreis der Einrichtung gemäß dieser Ausführungsform verwendet direkt die Temperatur des gelösten Tabakguts als Regelgröße. Die Temperatur des Tabakguts wird daher zuverlässiger und präziser eingestellt bzw. geregelt.The control circuit of the device according to this embodiment directly uses the temperature of the dissolved tobacco as a controlled variable. The temperature of the tobacco product is therefore adjusted more reliably and precisely.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist eine zwischen der Ausbringseite und der Einbringseite der Prozesstrommel verlaufende Rückleitung zur Rückführung von Prozessluft in den Innenraum der Prozesstrommel vorgesehen, wobei eine Frischluftzuleitung mit der Rückleitung verbunden ist und der erste Volumenstromregler in der Frischluftzuleitung vorgesehen ist.In a further embodiment, a return line extending between the discharge side and the delivery side of the process drum for returning process air into the interior of the process drum is provided, wherein a fresh air supply line is connected to the return line and the first volume flow regulator is provided in the fresh air supply line.
Insbesondere handelt es sich bei dem Volumenstromregler um eine in der Frischluftzuleitung vorgesehene Drosselklappe, die auch als Frischluftklappe bezeichnet werden soll. Deren Klappenstellung bestimmt den von dem ersten Volumenstromregler geregelten Volumenstrom.In particular, the volume flow regulator is a throttle valve provided in the fresh air supply line, which is also to be referred to as a fresh air flap. Their flap position determines the volume flow controlled by the first volume flow controller.
Insbesondere wird diese Ausführungsform dadurch weitergebildet, dass ein Wärmetauscher in der Frischluftzuleitung vorgesehen ist, wobei die Regelungseinheit derart eingerichtet ist, dass der Wärmetauscher so regelbar ist oder geregelt wird, dass die zugeführte Frischluft eine konstante und insbesondere vorgegebene Temperatur aufweist.In particular, this embodiment is further developed in that a heat exchanger is provided in the fresh air supply line, wherein the control unit is set up such that the heat exchanger is regulated or regulated so that the supplied fresh air has a constant and in particular predetermined temperature.
Wird die Temperatur der Frischluft konstant gehalten, so ist es möglich, dass die Temperatur und/oder die Feuchte der Prozessluft ausschließlich durch den Volumenstrom der der Prozessluft zugeführten Frischluft bestimmt wird. Vorteilhaft ist ausschließlich der erste Volumenstromregler als Stellglied für den Regelkreis notwendig. In einer solchen Einrichtung ist die für die Prozessführung notwendige Kontrolle und Steuerung der Einrichtung gegenüber herkömmlichen Einrichtungen vereinfacht.If the temperature of the fresh air is kept constant, it is possible that the temperature and / or the humidity of the process air is determined exclusively by the volume flow of the fresh air supplied to the process air. Advantageously, only the first volume flow controller is required as an actuator for the control loop. In such a device, the necessary control and control of the device for the process control over conventional Facilities simplified.
Insbesondere ist die Einrichtung zum Lösen von Tabakgut gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform so ausgebildet, dass eine mit der Rückleitung gekoppelte Abluftleitung zur Abfuhr von Prozessluft vorgesehen ist, wobei in der Abluftleitung ein dritter Volumenstromregler vorgesehen ist, und wobei die Regelungseinheit derart eingerichtet ist, dass sie den ersten und den dritten Volumenstromregler so regelt, dass ein in der Frischluftzuleitung vorhandener Volumenstrom an Frischluft und ein in der Hauptabluftleitung vorhandener Volumenstrom der Abluft korrelieren, insbesondere linear korrelieren.In particular, the means for releasing tobacco material according to a further embodiment is designed so that a coupled to the return line exhaust pipe is provided for the removal of process air, wherein in the exhaust duct, a third volume flow regulator is provided, and wherein the control unit is arranged such that it the first and the third volumetric flow controller regulates such that a volume flow of fresh air present in the fresh air supply line and a volumetric flow of the exhaust air present in the main exhaust line correlate, in particular correlate linearly.
Mit anderen Worten ist die Einrichtung also dazu ausgelegt, dass ein kontinuierlicher Austausch der Prozessluft stattfindet. Da sich die Volumenströme der Frischluft und der Abluft, abgesehen von der kontinuierlich ausgetauschten Prozessluftmenge, gegenseitig kompensieren, wird vorteilhaft auf eine Haubendruckregelung verzichtet. Eine entsprechende Haube ist optional an der Ausbringseite der Prozesstrommel vorgesehen. Der Verzicht auf die Haubendruckregelung vereinfacht die Konstruktion und Steuerung der Einrichtung zum Lösen von Tabakgut. Ein beispielsweise vorhandener Offset zwischen dem Volumenstrom der Frischluft und dem Volumenstrom der Abluft sorgt dafür, dass die zusätzlich eingebrachte Luftmenge nicht an der Unterseite der Auslaufhaube austritt, sondern mit dem Brüden, also der beim Behandlungsvorgang entstehenden Luft, abgesaugt wird.In other words, the device is thus designed so that a continuous exchange of the process air takes place. Since the volume flows of the fresh air and the exhaust air, apart from the continuously exchanged process air amount, compensate each other, is advantageously dispensed with a dome pressure control. A corresponding hood is optionally provided on the delivery side of the process drum. The absence of the dome pressure control simplifies the design and control of the device for releasing tobacco. An example existing offset between the flow of fresh air and the volume flow of the exhaust air ensures that the additional amount of air introduced does not exit at the bottom of the outlet hood, but with the vapor, so the resulting air during the treatment process, is sucked.
Insbesondere zeichnet sich die Einrichtung zum Lösen von Tabakgut gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform dadurch aus, dass eine Fördereinrichtung zum Zuführen von Tabakgut in die Prozesstrommel vorgesehen ist, wobei die Regelungseinheit so eingerichtet ist, dass sie diese Fördereinrichtung und die Mittel zum Einbringen von Dampf und/oder Wasser so regelt, dass eine in die Prozessluft und/oder in den Innenraum der Prozesstrommel eingebrachte erste Masse an Dampf und/oder Wasser und eine zweite Masse des in die Prozesstrommel eingebrachten Tabakguts in einem konstanten Verhältnis stehen.In particular, the device for releasing tobacco material according to a further embodiment is characterized in that a conveying device is provided for feeding tobacco material into the process drum, wherein the regulating unit is set up in such a way that that it controls this conveyor and the means for introducing steam and / or water so that an introduced into the process air and / or in the interior of the process drum first mass of steam and / or water and a second mass of introduced into the process drum tobacco to stand in a constant relationship.
Bei der Fördereinrichtung handelt es sich vorzugsweise um ein taktgesteuertes Aufgabeband, in welches insbesondere eine Bandwaage integriert ist. Ein konstantes Tabak-zu-Dampf-Verhältnis ist im Hinblick auf eine vereinfachte Steuerung der Einrichtung zum Lösen von Tabakgut vorteilhaft, da diese mit einem kontinuierlichen Massestrom an Dampf betreibbar ist.The conveyor is preferably a clock-controlled feed belt, in which in particular a belt scale is integrated. A constant tobacco to vapor ratio is advantageous in view of a simplified control of the device for releasing tobacco material, since this is operable with a continuous mass flow of steam.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist ebenfalls vorzugsweise vorgesehen, dass im Innenraum der Prozesstrommel eine Sprinklereinheit vorgesehen ist, wobei mittels der Sprinklereinheit in der Prozesstrommel vorhandenes Tabakgut mit Flüssigkeit beaufschlagbar ist oder beaufschlagt wird, und wobei die Regelungseinheit dazu eingerichtet ist, ein von dieser Sprinklereinheit in die Behandlungstrommel eingebrachtes Flüssigkeitsvolumen so zu regeln, dass dieses Volumen und die in den Innenraum der Behandlungstrommel eingebrachte Masse an Tabakgut in einem konstanten Verhältnis stehen.In the context of the invention, it is also preferably provided that a Sprinkler unit is provided in the interior of the process drum, wherein liquid is present or acted upon by the sprinkler unit in the process drum tobacco material, and wherein the control unit is adapted to one of this sprinkler unit in the To regulate the treatment drum introduced volume of liquid so that this volume and introduced into the interior of the treatment drum mass of tobacco in a constant ratio.
Sowohl ein konstantes Verhältnis zwischen Dampf- und Tabakmenge sowie zwischen dem Volumen der eingebrachten Flüssigkeit und der Masse an Tabakgut erlaubt es, einen sehr konstanten Prozess zu fahren. Der Medienbedarf dieses Prozesses ist gleichmäßig, d.h. die von der Einrichtung abgefragte Menge an Dampf und Flüssigkeit sind zeitlich sehr konstant. Dies vereinfacht die Integration der Einrichtung zum Lösen von Tabakgut in eine Anlage der Tabak verarbeitenden Industrie.Both a constant ratio of steam and tobacco volume and between the volume of liquid introduced and the mass of tobacco material allows to drive a very constant process. The media requirement of this process is uniform, ie the amount of vapor and liquid interrogated by the device is very constant over time. This simplifies the integration of the device for releasing tobacco in a plant of the tobacco processing industry.
Zusammenfassend wird bei der Einrichtung zum Lösen von Tabakgut gemäß einer oder mehrerer der genannten Ausführungsformen lediglich ein Regelparameter verwendet. Dies ist die der Prozessluft zugeführte Menge an Frischluft. Die übrigen Prozessparameter, insbesondere die Temperatur der Frischluft, die dem Tabakgut zugeführte Masse an Dampf und/oder Wasser sowie das Volumen an Flüssigkeit, mit der das Tabakgut beaufschlagt wird, werden vorzugsweise konstant gehalten. Mit anderen Worten ist die Regelungseinheit insbesondere dazu eingerichtet, die Temperatur des gelösten Tabakguts ausschließlich durch den der Prozessluft zugeführten Volumenstrom an Frischluft zu regeln. Insbesondere wird der erste Volumenstromregler so geregelt, dass der Volumenstrom in der Frischluftleitung proportional zu dem Volumenstrom in der Abluftleitung ist. Im Gegensatz dazu verhält sich der Volumenstrom in der Prozessluftrückleitung antiproportional zu demjenigen an der Frischluft.In summary, only one control parameter is used in the device for releasing tobacco according to one or more of the aforementioned embodiments. This is the amount of fresh air supplied to the process air. The remaining process parameters, in particular the temperature of the fresh air, the mass of steam and / or water supplied to the tobacco product and the volume of liquid with which the tobacco material is applied, are preferably kept constant. In other words, the control unit is set up in particular to regulate the temperature of the dissolved tobacco product exclusively by the volume flow of fresh air supplied to the process air. In particular, the first volume flow controller is controlled so that the volume flow in the fresh air line is proportional to the volume flow in the exhaust air line. In contrast, the volume flow in the process air return behaves antiproportional to that of the fresh air.
Wie weiter oben bereits erwähnt, besteht der Regelmechanismus darin, die Wasserbeladung der Prozessluft und damit ihre relative Feuchte über das Mischungsverhältnis der Prozessluft mit der zugeführten Frischluft zu verändern. Zu diesem Zweck wird ein mehr oder weniger großer Volumenstrom an Frischluft der Prozessluft zugeführt. Damit die Menge der Prozessluft nicht verändert wird, werden der Anteil der zirkulierenden Prozessluft und der Volumenstrom der abgeführten Abluft entsprechend angepasst.As already mentioned above, the control mechanism is to change the water loading of the process air and thus its relative humidity via the mixing ratio of the process air with the fresh air supplied. For this purpose, a more or less large volume flow of fresh air is supplied to the process air. So that the amount of process air is not changed, the proportion of circulating process air and the volume flow of discharged exhaust air are adjusted accordingly.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist der Temperatursensor ein erster kontaktlos arbeitender Temperatursensor und/oder ein zweiter Temperatursensor, welcher in ein Bauteil integriert ist, das zumindest mittelbar mit dem an der Ausbringöffnung ausgebrachten, gelösten Tabakgut in thermischem Kontakt steht.According to a further advantageous embodiment, the temperature sensor is a first non-contact temperature sensor and / or a second temperature sensor, which is integrated into a component which is in thermal contact, at least indirectly, with the dissolved tobacco material applied to the dispensing opening.
Der zweite Temperatursensor ist beispielsweise in einer Förderrinne und/oder in einer Auslaufhaube vorgesehen. Denkbar ist, dass der zweite Temperatursensor zumindest mittelbar in thermischem Kontakt mit dem gelösten Tabakgut steht, z.B. in der Förderrinne angeordnet ist, die insbesondere zur Aufnahme von aus der Ausbringöffnung ausgebrachtem gelöstem Tabakgut vorgesehen ist.The second temperature sensor is provided for example in a conveyor trough and / or in a discharge hood. It is conceivable that the second temperature sensor is at least indirectly in thermal contact with the dissolved tobacco product, e.g. is arranged in the conveyor trough, which is provided in particular for receiving discharged from the discharge opening dissolved tobacco product.
Vorteilhaft wird die Temperatur des ausgeförderten und gelösten Tabakguts mit dem ersten und/oder dem zweiten Temperatursensor präzise und schnell erfasst, so dass die Temperatur und/oder die Feuchte der Prozessluft mit hoher Genauigkeit angepasst werden.Advantageously, the temperature of the discharged and dissolved tobacco product with the first and / or the second temperature sensor is detected precisely and quickly, so that the temperature and / or the humidity of the process air can be adjusted with high accuracy.
Die erfindungsgemäße Aufgabe wird außerdem gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Lösen von Tabakgut in einer Prozesstrommel mit einer an einer Einbringseite vorgesehenen Einbringöffnung und einer an einer Ausbringseite vorgesehenen Ausbringöffnung, wobei das Tabakgut in einen Innenraum der Prozesstrommel durch die Einbringöffnung eingebracht wird und gelöstes Tabakgut mit einer bestimmten Temperatur an der Ausbringöffnung aus dem Innenraum der Prozesstrommel ausgebracht wird, und wobei dem Innenraum der Prozesstrommel Prozessluft zugeführt wird und insbesondere in die Prozessluft und/oder in den Innenraum der Prozesstrommel Dampf und/oder Wasser eingebracht wird, wobei das in der Prozesstrommel vorhandene Tabakgut mit der Prozessluft beaufschlagt wird, und wobei das Verfahren dadurch weitergebildet ist, dass die Temperatur des gelösten Tabakguts erfasst wird und in Abhängigkeit von der erfassten Temperatur des Tabakguts ein bestimmter Volumenstrom an Frischluft der Prozessluft beigemischt wird, um die Temperatur des gelösten Tabakguts zu beeinflussen.The object of the invention is also achieved by a method for releasing tobacco in a process drum having a supply opening provided on a Einbringseite and provided on a Ausbringseite discharge opening, wherein the tobacco is introduced into an interior of the process drum through the insertion opening and dissolved tobacco with a specific Temperature at the discharge opening is discharged from the interior of the process drum, and wherein the process air is supplied to the interior of the process drum and in particular in the process air and / or in the interior of the process drum steam and / or water is introduced, wherein the present in the process drum with tobacco the process air is acted upon, and wherein the method is further developed in that the temperature of the dissolved tobacco product is detected and depending on the detected temperature of the tobacco material a certain volume flow of fresh air of the process air be is mixed to influence the temperature of the dissolved tobacco.
Weiterhin zeichnet sich das Verfahren bevorzugt dadurch aus, dass ein der Prozessluft zugeführter Volumenstrom an Frischluft in einem insbesondere geschlossenen Regelkreis so geregelt wird, dass die erfasste Temperatur des gelösten Tabakguts zumindest näherungsweise einem Temperatursollwert entspricht.Furthermore, the method is preferably characterized in that one of the process air supplied volume flow of fresh air in a closed loop in particular is controlled so that the detected temperature of the dissolved tobacco material corresponds at least approximately to a temperature setpoint.
Gemäß einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform wird die der Prozessluft beigemischte Frischluft auf eine vorgegebene, insbesondere konstante, Temperatur temperiert, insbesondere erwärmt.According to a further advantageous embodiment, the fresh air added to the process air is heated to a predetermined, in particular constant, temperature, in particular heated.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform wird in den Innenraum der Prozesstrommel eine erste Masse an Tabakgut und in die Prozessluft und/oder in den Innenraum der Prozesstrommel eine zweite Masse an Dampf und/oder Wasser eingebracht, wobei die erste und die zweite Masse in einem konstanten Verhältnis zueinander stehen.In a further advantageous embodiment, a first mass of tobacco material and in the process air and / or in the interior of the process drum a second mass of steam and / or water is introduced into the interior of the process drum, wherein the first and the second mass in a constant ratio to stand by each other.
Ferner wird gemäß einer Ausführungsform in den Innenraum der Prozesstrommel eine Flüssigkeit eingebracht, wobei das Tabakgut mit dieser Flüssigkeit beaufschlagt wird, und wobei ein Volumen der eingebrachten Flüssigkeit und eine in die Prozesstrommel eingebrachte Masse an Tabakgut in einem festen Verhältnis zueinander stehen.Furthermore, according to one embodiment, a liquid is introduced into the interior of the process drum, whereby the tobacco material is charged with this liquid, and a volume of the introduced liquid and a mass of tobacco material introduced into the process drum are in a fixed relationship to one another.
Gleiche oder ähnliche Vorteile, wie sie bereits im Hinblick auf die Einrichtung zum Lösen von Tabakgut im Zusammenhang mit einer oder mehreren Ausführungsformen erwähnt wurden, treffen in gleicher oder ähnlicher Weise auch auf das Verfahren zum Lösen von Tabakgut zu und sollen daher nicht wiederholt werden.The same or similar advantages as already mentioned with regard to the device for releasing tobacco in connection with one or more embodiments, apply in the same or similar manner to the method for releasing tobacco and are therefore not to be repeated.
Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung werden aus der Beschreibung erfindungsgemäßer Ausführungsformen zusammen mit den Ansprüchen und den beigefügten Zeichnungen ersichtlich. Erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsformen können einzelne Merkmale oder eine Kombination mehrerer Merkmale erfüllen.Further features of the invention will become apparent from the description of embodiments according to the invention together with the claims and the accompanying drawings. invention Embodiments may satisfy individual features or a combination of several features.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend ohne Beschränkung des allgemeinen Erfindungsgedankens anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen beschrieben, wobei bezüglich aller im Text nicht näher erläuterten erfindungsgemäßen Einzelheiten ausdrücklich auf die Zeichnungen verwiesen wird. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- schematisch eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Einrichtungen zum Lösen von Tabakgut gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel,
- Fig. 2
- schematisch ein vereinfachtes Prozessschema zur Durchführung eines Verfahrens in der in
Fig. 1 dargestellten Einrichtung gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel, - Fig. 3
- schematisch ein weiteres vereinfachtes Prozessschema zur Durchführung eines Verfahrens gemäß einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel und
- Fig. 4
- ein vereinfachtes und schematisches Diagramm, in dem zeitabhängige Parameter der Einrichtung während der Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt sind.
- Fig. 1
- 1 schematically a perspective view of a device for releasing tobacco product according to an embodiment,
- Fig. 2
- schematically a simplified process scheme for carrying out a method in the
Fig. 1 illustrated device according to an embodiment, - Fig. 3
- schematically another simplified process diagram for performing a method according to another embodiment and
- Fig. 4
- a simplified and schematic diagram in which time-dependent parameters of the device during the implementation of the method according to an embodiment of the invention are shown.
In den Zeichnungen sind jeweils gleiche oder gleichartige Elemente und/oder Teile mit denselben Bezugsziffern versehen, so dass von einer erneuten Vorstellung jeweils abgesehen wird.In the drawings, the same or similar elements and / or parts are provided with the same reference numerals, so that apart from a new idea each.
Das vorgeschnittene Tabakgut wird einem Innenraum der Prozesstrommel 2 an einer stirnseitig vorgesehenen Einbringseite 6 über eine nicht dargestellte Einbringöffnung zugeführt. An einer gegenüberliegenden Ausbringseite 8 der Prozesstrommel 4 wird das im Inneren der Prozesstrommel 2 gelöste und ggf. behandelte Tabakgut mit einer bestimmten Temperatur aus dem Innenraum der Prozesstrommel 4 ausgebracht.The precut tobacco material is fed to an interior of the
In der Prozesstrommel 2 kann das Tabakgut nicht nur gelöst, sondern auch weiteren Behandlungsschritten unterzogen werden. Beispielsweise kann das Tabakgut soßiert werden. Zu diesem Zweck kann der Innenraum der Prozesstrommel 2 in eine Lockerungszone und in eine Behandlungszone aufgeteilt sein.In the
Das Tabakgut wird der Prozesstrommel 4 an der Einbringseite 6 über eine Fördervorrichtung 10 zugeführt, bei der es sich insbesondere um ein taktgesteuertes Aufgabeband handelt, in welches eine Bandwaage integriert ist. An der gegenüberliegenden Ausbringseite 8 ist eine Haube 12 vorgesehen. Das Tabakgut verlässt die Haube 12 an der Unterseite und wird auf einer Förderrinne 14 den sich anschließenden Verarbeitungsschritten zugeführt.The tobacco material is fed to the
Die Einrichtung 2 zum Lösen von Tabakgut umfasst eine Prozessluftzufuhreinheit zum Einleiten von Prozessluft in den Innenraum der Prozesstrommel 4. Außerdem ist eine Frischluftzufuhreinheit 21 vorgesehen, die einen Wärmetauscher 24 und eine Frischluftzuleitung 22 umfasst. Die Prozessluftzufuhreinheit umfasst insbesondere eine Rückleitung 16, welche von der Ausbringseite 8 zur Einbringseite 6 der Prozesstrommel 4 verläuft, wodurch an der Ausbringseite 8 angesaugte Prozessluft zur Einbringseite 6 der Prozesstrommel 4 zurückgeführt wird. In der Rückleitung 16 ist ein weiterer Wärmetauscher 18 vorgesehen. Die Prozessluft wird durch ein in der Rückleitung 16 vorgesehenes, geeignetes Gebläse 20 gefördert.The
Die Frischluftzuleitung 22 ist mit der Rückleitung 16 an der Anschlussstelle 48 verbunden. Die aus der Umgebung oder aus der Atmosphäre angesaugte Frischluft wird mit Hilfe des Wärmetauschers 24 temperiert, und vorzugsweise auf eine konstante und insbesondere vorgegebene Temperatur erwärmt. Insbesondere ist die Frischluft trockener und/oder wärmer als die Prozessluft während des Betriebs der Einrichtungen 2 zum Behandeln von Tabakgut.The fresh
An der Ausbringseite 8 der Prozesstrommel 4 wird Prozessluft über ein Abluftsystem der Einrichtung 2 entzogen. Die Abluft verlässt die Anlage über einen Abluftstutzen 26. Mit dem Abluftstutzen 26 ist eine Hauptabluftleitung 28 verbunden. Außerdem sind an diese Hauptabluftleitung 26 weitere Abluftleitungen 34 angeschlossen. Diese fördern Abluft von einer an der Einbringseite 6 vorgesehenen ersten Ablufthaube 30 und von einer an der Ausbringseite 8 vorgesehenen zweiten Ablufthaube 32. Auch der Abluftstrom wird mit Hilfe eines geeigneten Gebläses 20 aufrechterhalten, so dass die Abluft über den Abluftstutzen 26 von der Anlage abgezogen werden kann.At the
Die Einrichtung 2 zum Lösen von Tabakgut umfasst außerdem zumindest einen Temperatursensor 52, 54 zur Erfassung der Temperatur des gelösten Tabakguts.The
Beispielhaft umfasst die in
Zum Zuführen von Frischluft zu der Prozessluft ist mit der Rückleitung 14 die Frischluftzufuhreinheit 21 verbunden. Um den Volumenstrom der der Prozessluft beigemischten Frischluft zu kontrollieren und zu regeln, umfasst die Frischluftzuleitung 22 außerdem einen schematisch dargestellten ersten Volumenstromregler 36.For supplying fresh air to the process air, the fresh
Bei diesem ersten Volumenstromregler 36 handelt es sich insbesondere um eine Drossel- oder Steuerklappe. Sie soll im Kontext dieser Beschreibung auch als Frischluftklappe FL bezeichnet werden. Zur Kontrolle des Volumenstroms der Prozessluft umfasst die Rückleitung 16 einen zweiten Volumenstromregler 38. Auch bei dem zweiten Volumenstromregler 38 handelt es sich vorzugsweise um eine Drossel- oder Steuerklappe. Sie soll im Kontext dieser Beschreibung auch als Prozessluftklappe KL bezeichnet werden. Schließlich umfasst die Abluftleitung 28 einen dritten Volumenstromregler 40 zur Kontrolle des Volumenstroms der Abluft. Auch dieser dritte Volumenstromregler 40 ist vorzugsweise als Drossel- oder Steuerklappe ausgebildet, wobei diese(r) auch als Abluftklappe AL bezeichnet werden soll.This first
Die Einrichtung 2 zum Lösen von Tabakgut umfasst außerdem eine Regelungseinheit 42, welche derart eingerichtet ist, dass sie in Abhängigkeit von der erfassten Temperatur des gelösten Tabakguts den von dem ersten Volumenstromregler 36 eingestellten Volumenstrom an Frischluft beeinflusst. Der zweite und dritte Volumenstromregler 38, 40 werden in Abhängigkeit von der Stellung des ersten Volumenstromreglers 36 verstellt. Insbesondere wird der zweite Volumenstromregler 38 proportional zu dem ersten Volumenstromregler 36 geregelt. Der dritte Volumenstromregler 40 wird insbesondere antiproportional zum ersten Volumenstromregler 36 geregelt. In der Regelungseinheit 42 ist insbesondere eine Geradengleichung hinterlegt, welche die Stellung der Frischluftklappe FL zur Abluftklappe AL bestimmtThe
Weitere Einzelheiten zur Arbeitsweise der Einrichtung 2 zum Lösen von Tabakgut werden im Zusammenhang mit
Der Prozesstrommel 4 wird insbesondere vorgeschnittenes Tabakgut T zugeführt, welches in der Prozesstrommel 4 gelöst wird. Zum Lösen des Tabakguts T wird die Prozessluft mit Dampf S beaufschlagt. Dies erfolgt, indem der Prozessluft durch eine in die Rückleitung 16 integrierte Dampfdüse 44 und/oder über eine direkt im Innenraum der Prozesstrommel 4 vorhandene Dampfdüse 44 Dampf S zugeführt wird. Außerdem befindet sich im Innenraum der Prozesstrommel 4 eine Sprinklereinheit 46, mittels derer das in der Prozesstrommel 4 vorhandene Tabakgut T mit einer Flüssigkeit, insbesondere mit Wasser, beaufschlagt wird. Durch Einwirkung von Wärme und Feuchtigkeit wird das Tabakgut T gelöst, so dass an der Ausbringseite 8 der Prozesstrommel 4 gelöstes Tabakgut T* bereitgestellt wird.The
Das im Innenraum der Prozesstrommel 4 vorhandene Tabakgut T wird mit der Prozessluft beaufschlagt. Diese zirkuliert durch die Rückleitung 16 von der Ausbringseite 8 der Prozesstrommel 2 zu deren Einbringseite 6. Die Rückleitung 16 umfasst den zweiten Volumenstromregler 38 bzw. die Prozessluftklappe PL, so dass der Volumenstrom der Prozessluft regelbar ist.The tobacco material T present in the interior of the
Mit der die Prozessluft führenden Rückleitung 16 sind eine Frischluftleitung 22 und die Hauptabluftleitung 28 verbunden. Zur Regelung der Volumenströme in der Frischluftleitung 22, der Rückleitung 16 und in der Hauptabluftleitung 28 sind in die jeweiligen Leitungen ein erster bis dritter Volumenstromregler 36, 38, 40 vorgesehen. Die Volumenstromregler sind mit der Regelungseinheit 42 verbunden.With the process air leading
Die Regelungseinheit 42 ist dazu eingerichtet, den Volumenstrom der Frischluft durch entsprechende Ansteuerung des ersten Volumenstromreglers 36 so zu regeln, dass sich der Volumenstrom der Frischluft und der Volumenstrom der Abluft, welcher durch die Stellung des dritten Volumenstromreglers 40 bestimmt ist, im Wesentlichen gegenseitig kompensieren. Mit anderen Worten ist der erste Volumenstromregler 36 und der dritte Volumenstromregler 40 zumindest näherungsweise synchron angesteuert. In der Regelung kann insbesondere eine Geradengleichung zwischen der Position der Frischluftklappe FL und der Abluftklappe AL hinterlegt sein, welche sich in der Stellung des ersten Volumenstromreglers 36 und der Stellung des dritten Volumenstromreglers 40 widerspiegelt.The
Diese Regelung der Frischluftklappe FL und der Abluftklappe AL dient dazu, dass die zusätzlich zugeführte Luftmenge nicht unten an der Haube 12 ausweht, sondern mit den Brüden abgesaugt wird.This regulation of the fresh air flap FL and the exhaust air flap AL serves to ensure that the additionally supplied air volume is not at the bottom the
Der erste Volumenstromregler 36 und der zweite Volumenstromregler 38, welcher den Volumenstrom der Prozessluft PL bestimmt, sind hingegen gegenläufig angesteuert. Durch die beschriebene Ansteuerung des ersten bis dritten Volumenstromreglers 36, 38, 40 wird der Prozessluft, abhängig von der Stellung des ersten Volumenstromreglers 36, an der Anschlussstelle 48 eine bestimmte Menge an Frischluft beigemischt.The first
Die Prozessluft wird insbesondere kontinuierlich mit Hilfe des Gebläses 20 gefördert. Die der Anlage zugeführte Frischluft A wird weiterhin bevorzugt im Wärmetauscher 24 auf eine konstante, und insbesondere vorbestimmte Temperatur temperiert und insbesondere erwärmt. Zu diesem Zweck ist der Wärmetauscher 24 an eine Frischdampfleitung 50 angeschlossen, welche mit Dampf S gespeist wird. Der Wärmetauscher 24 zur Erwärmung der Frischluft A ist weiterhin insbesondere durch einen Regelkreis, umfassend in Temperatursensor 56, eine Integral-Proportionalregelung 57 und ein Steuerventil 58, geregelt. Im Wärmetauscher 24 anfallendes Kondensat C wird aus der Anlage abgezogen.The process air is in particular continuously conveyed by means of the
Die Einrichtung 2, deren Funktion in dem Funktionsdiagramm der
An der Ausbringseite 8 der Prozesstrommel 4 ist die zweite Ablufthaube 32 gezeigt, welche über die Abluftleitung 34 mit dem Gebläse 20 verbunden ist, so dass aus der Anlage Abluft AEX abgezogen wird.At the
Das in
Außerdem sind in
Aus dem Diagramm der
Während einer Aufheizphase I ist die Frischluftklappe FL vollständig geschlossen. Die Prozessluftklappe PL ist hingegen vollständig geöffnet. Die Prozessluft wird während der Aufheizphase durch die Rückleitung 16 und den Innenraum der Prozesstrommel 4 zirkuliert und kontinuierlich erwärmt. Während der Aufheizphase steigt die Temperatur des Tabakguts kontinuierlich an, bis seine Temperatur die angestrebte Solltemperatur (horizontale gestrichelte Linie; Bezugszeichen 42) erreicht hat. Da zu Beginn dieser Phase noch kein Tabakgut durch die Prozesstrommel 4 gefördert wird, kann die Temperaturregelung anhand der Prozesslufttemperatur durchgeführt werden.During a heating phase I, the fresh air flap FL is completely closed. The process air flap PL, however, is completely open. The process air is circulated through the
In der sich anschließenden Anlaufphase II wird der Prozessluft zunehmend Frischluft beigemischt. Entsprechend wird die Frischluftklappe FL geöffnet, während die Prozessluftklappe PL zunehmend geschlossen wird. Die Abluftklappe AL wird im Wesentlichen proportional zu der Frischluftklappe FL gesteuert, wobei die Möglichkeit besteht, einen konstanten Offset einzuhalten oder in der Regelung eine Geradengleichung zu hinterlegen. Somit öffnet sich gemeinsam mit der Frischluftklappe FL auch die Abluftklappe AL.In the subsequent start-up phase II, the process air is increasingly mixed with fresh air. Accordingly, the fresh air flap FL is opened while the process air flap PL is increasingly closed. The exhaust air flap AL is controlled substantially in proportion to the fresh air flap FL, with the possibility of keeping a constant offset or in the control to define a straight-line equation. Thus opens together with the fresh air flap FL and the exhaust air flap AL.
In etwa in der Mitte des Bereiches II unterschreitet die gemessene Temperatur (Bezugszeichen 60) des gelösten Tabakguts T* den Temperatursollwert (Bezugszeichen 62). Dies hat zur Folge, dass der Frischluftanteil an der Prozessluft zurückgefahren wird, was bedeutet dass die Frischluftklappe FL weiter geschlossen und die Prozessluftklappe PL erneut weiter geöffnet wird.In about the middle of the region II, the measured temperature (reference numeral 60) of the dissolved tobacco T * falls below the temperature setpoint (reference numeral 62). This has the consequence that the fresh air content is reduced to the process air, which means that the fresh air flap FL further closed and the process air flap PL is opened again.
Im Bereich III ist schließlich ein stabiler Zustand erreicht, die Klappenstellungen der Frischluftklappe FL, Abluftklappe AL und Prozessluftklappe PL unterliegen lediglich geringen Schwankungen. Die tatsächliche Temperatur des gelösten Tabakguts T* kann bis auf geringe Abweichungen an den angestrebten Sollwert 62 herangeregelt werden.In area III finally a stable state is reached, the flap positions of the fresh air flap FL, exhaust air flap AL and process air flap PL are subject to only slight fluctuations. The actual temperature of the dissolved tobacco T * can be adjusted to a small deviation from the desired
Alle genannten Merkmale, auch die den Zeichnungen allein zu entnehmenden sowie auch einzelne Merkmale, die in Kombination mit anderen Merkmalen offenbart sind, werden allein und in Kombination als erfindungswesentlich angesehen. Erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsformen können durch einzelne Merkmale oder eine Kombination mehrerer Merkmale erfüllt sein. Im Rahmen der Erfindung sind Merkmale, die mit "insbesondere" oder "vorzugsweise" gekennzeichnet sind, als fakultative Merkmale zu verstehen.All mentioned features, including the drawings alone to be taken as well as individual features that are disclosed in combination with other features are considered alone and in combination as essential to the invention. Embodiments of the invention may be accomplished by individual features or a combination of several features. In the context of the invention, features which are identified by "particular" or "preferably" are to be understood as optional features.
- 22
- EinrichtungFacility
- 44
- Prozesstrommelprocess drum
- 66
- EinbringseiteEinbringseite
- 88th
- AusbringseiteAusbringseite
- 1010
- Fördervorrichtungconveyor
- 1212
- HaubeHood
- 1414
- Förderrinneconveyor trough
- 1616
- Rückleitungreturn
- 1818
- zweiter Wärmetauschersecond heat exchanger
- 2020
- Gebläsefan
- 2121
- FrischluftzufuhreinheitFresh air supply unit
- 2222
- FrischluftzuleitungFresh air supply
- 2424
- erster Wärmetauscherfirst heat exchanger
- 2626
- Abluftstutzenair vent
- 2828
- HauptabluftleitungMain exhaust duct
- 3030
- erste Ablufthaubefirst exhaust hood
- 3232
- zweite Ablufthaubesecond exhaust hood
- 3434
- Abluftleitungexhaust duct
- 3636
- erster Volumenstromreglerfirst volume flow controller
- 3838
- zweiter Volumenstromreglersecond volumetric flow controller
- 4040
- dritter Volumenstromreglerthird volumetric flow controller
- 4242
- Regelungseinheitcontrol unit
- 4444
- Dampfdüsefrother
- 4646
- Sprinklereinheitsprinkler
- 4848
- Anschlussstellejunction
- 5050
- FrischdampfleitungSteam line
- 5252
- erster Temperatursensorfirst temperature sensor
- 5454
- zweiter Temperatursensorsecond temperature sensor
- 5656
- Temperatursensortemperature sensor
- 5757
- Integral-ProportionalregelungIntegral proportional control
- 5858
- Steuerventilcontrol valve
- 6060
- Temperatur des gelösten TabakgutsTemperature of the dissolved tobacco
- 6262
- TemperatursollwertTemperature setpoint
- AA
- Frischluftfresh air
- CC
- Kondensatcondensate
- SS
- Dampfsteam
- WW
- Wasserwater
- TT
- Tabakguttobacco product
- T*T *
- gelöstes Tabakgutdissolved tobacco good
- AEXAEX
- Abluftexhaust
- FLFL
- Stellung der FrischluftklappePosition of the fresh air damper
- PLPL
- Stellung der ProzessluftklappePosition of the process air damper
- ALAL
- Stellung der AbluftklappePosition of the exhaust air flap
Claims (15)
- Device (2) for loosening tobacco material (T), comprising a processing drum (4) with an intake opening provided on an intake side (6) through which the tobacco material (T) can be introduced into an interior of the processing drum (4) and with a discharge opening provided on a discharge side (8) through which the loosened tobacco material (T*) having a specific temperature can be discharged from the interior of the processing drum (4), a process air intake unit for introducing process air into the interior of the processing drum (4) and means (44, 46) for introducing steam (S) and/or water (W) into the process air and/or into the interior of the processing drum (4), a fresh air intake unit (21) for delivering fresh air (A) to the process air, the tobacco material (T) present in the interior of the processing drum (4) being treatable by means of the process air, characterised in that a control unit (42) is provided and a temperature sensor (52, 54) connected thereto for detecting the temperature (60) of the loosened tobacco material (T*), and the fresh air intake unit (21) comprises a first volumetric flow controller (36) controllable by the control unit (42) for controlling a volumetric flow of fresh air delivered to the process air, the control unit (42) being configured to control the volumetric flow of fresh air (A) delivered to the process air in such a way that the set volumetric flow of fresh air (A) can be influenced by the first volumetric flow controller (36) as a function of the detected temperature (60) of the loosened tobacco material (T*).
- Device (2) as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the control unit (42) is configured such that the first volumetric flow controller (36) can be controlled, in particular in a closed control circuit, in such a way that the volumetric flow of fresh air (A) delivered to the process air can be adjusted so that the detected temperature (60) of the loosened tobacco material (T*) in the processing drum (4) at least approximately corresponds to a temperature setpoint value (62).
- Device (2) as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a return line (16) extending between the discharge side (8) and the intake side (6) of the processing drum (4) is provided as a means of returning process air to the interior of the processing drum (4), a fresh air intake line (22) being connected to the return line (16), and the first volumetric flow controller (36) is provided in the fresh air intake line (22).
- Device (2) as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that a heat exchanger (24) is provided in the fresh air intake line (16) and the control unit (42) is configured to control the heat exchanger (24) such that the fresh air (A) delivered to the process air is at a constant and in particular predefined temperature.
- Device (2) as claimed in claim 3 or 4, characterised in that a main discharge line (28) coupled with the return line (16) is provided as a means of discharging process air, a third volumetric flow controller (40) being provided in the main discharge line (28), and the control unit (42) is configured to control the first and the third volumetric flow controller (36, 40) such that a volumetric flow of fresh air (A) present in the fresh air line (22) is correlated, in particular linearly correlated, with a volumetric flow of discharge air (AEX) present in the main discharge line (28).
- Device (2) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that a conveyor device (10) is provided for conveying tobacco material (T) into the processing drum (4), the control unit (42) being configured such that it controls this conveyor device (10) and the means (44, 46) for introducing steam (S) and/or water (W) in such a way that a first mass of steam (S) and/or water (W) introduced into the process air and/or into the interior of the processing drum (4) and a second mass of the tobacco material (T) introduced into the processing drum (4) are in a constant ratio with respect to one another.
- Device (2) as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that a sprinkler unit (46) is provided in the interior of the processing drum (4) by means of which a liquid can be applied to the tobacco material (T) present in the processing drum (4), the control unit (42) being configured to control a liquid volume introduced into the interior of the processing drum (4) by the sprinkler unit (46) in such a way that this liquid volume and the mass of tobacco material (T) introduced into the interior of the processing drum (4) are in a constant ratio.
- Device (2) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the control unit (42) is configured such that the temperature (60) of the loosened tobacco material (T*) is controllable exclusively by the volumetric flow of fresh air (A) delivered to the process air.
- Device (2) as claimed in one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the at least one temperature sensor (52, 54) is a first contactlessly operating temperature sensor (52) and/or a second temperature sensor (54) which is integrated in a component that is at least indirectly in thermal contact with the loosened tobacco material (T*) discharged from the discharge opening.
- Method for loosening tobacco material (T) in a processing drum (4) with an intake opening provided on an intake side (6) and a discharge opening provided on a discharge side (8), the tobacco material (T) being introduced into an interior of the processing drum (4) through the intake opening and loosened tobacco material (T*) at a specific temperature being discharged from the interior of the processing drum (4) at the discharge opening, and process air is delivered to the interior of the processing drum (4) and whereby steam (S) and/or water (W) is introduced into the process air and/or into the interior of the processing drum (4), the process air being applied to the tobacco material (T) present in the processing drum (4), characterised in that the temperature of the loosened tobacco material (T*) is detected and a specific volumetric flow of fresh air (A) is mixed with the process air provided as a means of treating the tobacco material (T) as a function of the detected temperature (60) of the loosened tobacco material (T*) in order to influence the temperature of the loosened tobacco material (T*).
- Method as claimed in claim 10, characterised in that the volumetric flow of fresh air (A) delivered to the process air is controlled in a closed control circuit in particular such that the detected temperature (60) of the loosened tobacco material (T*) at least approximately corresponds to a temperature setpoint value (62).
- Method as claimed in claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the fresh air (A) mixed with the process air is tempered, in particular heated, to a predefined, in particular constant, temperature.
- Method as claimed in one of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that a first mass of tobacco material (T) is introduced into the interior of the processing drum (4) and a second mass of steam (S) and/or water (W) is introduced into the process air and/or into the interior of the processing drum (4), the first and the second mass being in a constant ratio with respect to one another.
- Method as claimed in one of claims 10 to 13, characterised in that a liquid is introduced into the interior of the processing drum (4) and this liquid is applied to the tobacco material (T), a volume of the liquid introduced into the interior of the processing drum (4) and a mass of tobacco material (T) introduced into the processing drum (4) being in a fixed ratio with respect to one another.
- Method as claimed in one of claims 10 to 14, characterised in that the temperature of the loosened tobacco material (T*) is controlled exclusively by the volumetric flow of fresh air (A) delivered to the process air.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE201310221663 DE102013221663A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 | 2013-10-24 | Device and method for releasing tobacco in a plant of the tobacco processing industry |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2865280A1 EP2865280A1 (en) | 2015-04-29 |
EP2865280B1 true EP2865280B1 (en) | 2016-07-20 |
Family
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EP14187464.4A Not-in-force EP2865280B1 (en) | 2013-10-24 | 2014-10-02 | Device and method for loosening tobacco in an installation used in the tobacco processing industry |
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Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2865280B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN104544531B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102013221663A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2865280T3 (en) |
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CN108851171A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2018-11-23 | 红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | A kind of blade redrying system and its control method with waste gas circulation function |
CN113796555A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-12-17 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Tobacco material dampening equipment |
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KR20040099215A (en) * | 2004-11-02 | 2004-11-26 | 합명회사 신흥기업사 | Method for controlling blower volume of bulk curing barn |
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PL2608685T3 (en) | 2010-08-24 | 2014-11-28 | Hauni Maschinenbau Gmbh | Device for the treatment of tobacco |
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-
2013
- 2013-10-24 DE DE201310221663 patent/DE102013221663A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2014
- 2014-10-02 EP EP14187464.4A patent/EP2865280B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2014-10-02 PL PL14187464T patent/PL2865280T3/en unknown
- 2014-10-24 CN CN201410574644.1A patent/CN104544531B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PL2865280T3 (en) | 2017-01-31 |
DE102013221663A1 (en) | 2015-04-30 |
CN104544531A (en) | 2015-04-29 |
CN104544531B (en) | 2018-02-27 |
EP2865280A1 (en) | 2015-04-29 |
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