EP2861921A1 - Refrigeration appliance - Google Patents

Refrigeration appliance

Info

Publication number
EP2861921A1
EP2861921A1 EP13727211.8A EP13727211A EP2861921A1 EP 2861921 A1 EP2861921 A1 EP 2861921A1 EP 13727211 A EP13727211 A EP 13727211A EP 2861921 A1 EP2861921 A1 EP 2861921A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
refrigerating appliance
fan
appliance according
container
storage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP13727211.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2861921B1 (en
Inventor
Astrid Klingshirn
Immanuel RING
Markus Spielmannleitner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
Original Assignee
BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BSH Hausgeraete GmbH filed Critical BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
Priority to PL13727211T priority Critical patent/PL2861921T3/en
Publication of EP2861921A1 publication Critical patent/EP2861921A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2861921B1 publication Critical patent/EP2861921B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F25D17/06Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation
    • F25D17/062Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation in household refrigerators
    • F25D17/065Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation in household refrigerators with compartments at different temperatures
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F25D17/06Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/04Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection
    • F25D17/06Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation
    • F25D17/062Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating air, e.g. by convection by forced circulation in household refrigerators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/04Preventing the formation of frost or condensate
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2317/00Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F25D2317/04Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments
    • F25D2317/041Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments by purification
    • F25D2317/0413Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments by purification by humidification
    • F25D2317/04131Control means therefor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25DREFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D25/00Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled
    • F25D25/02Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled by shelves
    • F25D25/024Slidable shelves
    • F25D25/025Drawers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refrigeration appliance, in particular a household refrigeration appliance, which is particularly suitable for the storage of desiccated refrigerated goods.
  • a refrigeration appliance in particular a household refrigeration appliance, which is particularly suitable for the storage of desiccated refrigerated goods.
  • the shelf life of non-sterile and airtight packaged foods in a refrigerator is limited by microbial spoilage, chemical and enzymatic spoilage processes, and drying out.
  • Fresh foods such as fruits, vegetables, salads or fresh herbs - in addition to the moisture released by the natural respiration - release moisture into their environment until equilibrium is established between them and the surrounding air.
  • the resulting dehydration of these foods is usually irreversible and causes these foods are judged to be no longer verzehrtauglich long before the consumption would be due to a possible colonization by microorganisms of health concern.
  • a refrigeration device according to the preamble of claim 1 is known.
  • a user has the ability to operate a fan that circulates air between a storage room and an evaporator chamber and a compressor that supplies the evaporator with liquid refrigerant at different times. If he observes condensate in the storage room, he can prevent the return of moisture from the evaporator to the storage room by keeping the evaporator at a low temperature even when the fan is stationary.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a refrigeration device that can provide improved storage conditions for fresh, moisture-emitting refrigerated goods.
  • the object is achieved by having at least one passage for the inflow and / or outflow of air to and from the storage space in a refrigerator, in particular a domestic refrigeration appliance, with a storage space for refrigerated goods which has a wall bounding the storage space, and a fan for driving an air flow in the storage space, the passage through a movable closure element is closable and the fan is arranged in the storage room and operable in a closed passage.
  • the fan makes it possible to minimize local temperature and humidity differences in the storage room without the air circulated by it being able to leave the storage room via the passage.
  • the humidity can therefore be kept constant at a high level, without the risk of condensation in the storage room.
  • the fan In order that the air circulation driven by the fan does not in turn promote the desiccation of the refrigerated goods, the fan should be arranged and dimensioned so that the speed of the air flow in the storage room nowhere exceeds 2 m / sec.
  • a control unit should be set up to control the closing element on the basis of the prevailing humidity in the storage room to the delivery of moist air from the To allow storage space, if this is necessary to prevent condensation in the storage room.
  • control unit should therefore be set up to open the passage when the humidity exceeds a limit at at least one measuring point in the storage room.
  • the control unit can also serve to control the fan itself based on the humidity prevailing in the storage room, preferably in such a way that the control unit activates the fan when the difference between the humidity and / or the temperature between two measuring points in the storage room Exceeds limit.
  • the storage space is not or at most cooled to a small extent by the inflow of cold air from the outside, but by contact of its wall with a cold reservoir.
  • Such a contact can be very large and allow cooling of the storage room at low temperature difference between the storage room and the cold reservoir. The lower this temperature difference, the lower the tendency to form temperature gradients in the storage room, which would have to be eliminated by operating the fan again.
  • the storage space is a container
  • the cold reservoir is a storage compartment of the refrigeration device, in which the container is arranged.
  • the container comprises at least a lower and an upper container part and the lower container part without the upper container part movable, in particular from the storage compartment removed.
  • the storage compartment may in turn comprise a second fan to drive in the storage compartment a flow of air which flows around the container and thus ensures a uniform distribution of temperature on the container wall.
  • the second ventilator can usefully be the fan, which conventionally drives the exchange of air between the storage compartment and an evaporator chamber in a device of this type.
  • control unit When an evaporator that cools the storage compartment is provided with a defrost heater, the control unit may be configured to keep the passage closed while the defrost heater is in operation, and thus to allow relatively warm, humid air to enter the interior of the container during operation To prevent defrosting.
  • the wall of the storage room may be provided on at least part of its surface with a heat storage medium.
  • the heat storage medium is suitably chosen so that a phase transition temperature of the heat storage medium coincides with the operating temperature of the cold reservoir.
  • the heat storage medium is disposed on a part of the wall which is exposed to a cold air flow driven by the second fan.
  • the wall comprises at least a portion of its surface an outer wall, an inner wall and an insulating gap therebetween.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic section through a household refrigerator according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section through a household refrigerator according to a second
  • FIG 3 shows a section according to a third embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows a section according to a fifth embodiment
  • Fig. 6 is a section according to a sixth embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic section through a household refrigerator with a body 1 and a door 2, which surround a cooled storage compartment 3, in particular a zero-degree or fresh cooling compartment. Further storage compartments, possibly closed with a door other than the illustrated door 2, such as a normal refrigerated compartment and a freezer compartment, may be present.
  • plastic injection-molded container 4 comprises a lower container part 5 and an upper container part 6.
  • the lower container part 5 is placed on the floor of the storage compartment 3 in the depth direction displaced. It comprises a front wall 7 facing the door 2, to which a handle 8 is integrally formed for ease of handling, a rear wall 9 which is less high than the front wall 7, and side walls 10 whose upper edges extend from the front 7 to the front Rear wall 9 down continuously.
  • a rear wall 9 which is less high than the front wall 7, and side walls 10 whose upper edges extend from the front 7 to the front Rear wall 9 down continuously.
  • an obliquely backwards sloping sealing flange 1 1 formed.
  • On the sealing flange 1 1 is a complementary sealing flange 12 of the upper container part 6.
  • the contact between the flanges 11, 12 does not have to be hermetically sealed, but a possible gap between them should be so narrow that the air circulation through such a gap is small compared to that formed by one in the upper container part 6 (here several slits existing) passage 13 when it is released from a closure element arranged thereon, here a grid 14 which is displaceable in the depth direction.
  • the upper container part 6 is connected to a ceiling 15 of the storage compartment 3 with vertical play, z. B. by means of hooks 16 engaging in slots, suspended in order to enable a close contact of the sealing flanges 1 1, 12 even if the container parts 5, 6 are not placed exactly above and below each other.
  • a fan 17, an actuator 18 acting on the grille 14, an air humidity sensor 19 and possibly also a temperature sensor 20 are mounted at the upper container part 6, .
  • the fan 17, the actuator 18 and the sensors 19, 20 are connected via a line bundle 21 to an electronic control unit of the refrigeration device, not shown here, in addition to the control of the fan 17 and the actuator 18 based on measurement data of the sensors 19, 20 and the Control of a storage compartment 3 outside the container 4 arranged second fan 22 and, in a customary manner, a compressor, not shown here, of the refrigerator rests.
  • the control of the fan 17 and the actuator 18 by the control unit can be done in different ways.
  • the fan 17 is continuously in operation to keep a slow, with less than 2 m / s, circulating air flow in the container 4 in motion, which prevents or reduces the formation of a temperature and humidity gradient within the container 4 and so ensures that the detected by the humidity sensor 19 locally at its installation humidity value for the entire volume of the container 4 is representative. If this value exceeds an upper limit of, for example, 85% + ⁇ rH, where ⁇ is a small positive value, for example 0.5%, then the control unit controls the actuator 18 in order to open the passage 13.
  • the power of the fan 17 can be increased in order to achieve a rapid exchange of air between the container 4 and the storage compartment 3 and to be able to quickly close the passage 13 again.
  • the humidity threshold may also be set to values other than the 85% rH mentioned above.
  • the limit value should in any case be higher than the equilibrium humidity of the product to be cooled 23, but should also be far enough below 100% RH to exclude condensation in relatively cool areas of the container 4, possibly shielded by goods to be cooled 23 from the air flow of the fan 17 - to be able to eat. In order to minimize the likelihood that such shielded areas arise, as shown in Fig.
  • a shell 36 may be arranged so that the fan 17 driven air in a gap 37th circulate between lower container part 5 and shell 36 and pass through openings 38 of the shell and can reach the refrigerated goods 23 from all sides.
  • the operation of the fan 17 is closely oriented to the needs. Need for operation of the fan 17 is when there is a significant gradient of the temperature or humidity in the container 4.
  • a temperature gradient can, for. B. are closed when the measured value of the temperature sensor 20 differs significantly from that of a temperature sensor, not shown in the figure, which is mounted in a conventional manner to a wall of the storage compartment 3 and serves to control the compressor operation.
  • a gradient of the temperature or the humidity can also be measured directly on the container 4 if it has at least two sensors of the same type at different locations. Since, on the one hand, cold air tends to collect at the bottom of the container 4 and, on the other hand, the container 4 predominantly rests on its front side.
  • a second sensor should consequently be spaced vertically and / or in the depth direction from the sensors 19, 20 and preferably at the lower container part 5, in particular at the rear wall 9 thereof.
  • the sensors 26, 27 can also be fixed in a storage compartment 3, e.g. be housed by the rear wall 29 projecting housing 41, which engages in the opening 24 of the rear wall 9 when the container part 5 is inserted into the storage compartment 3.
  • this housing 41 which is perforated at its tip engaging in the container 4, can be tapered forward, so that it can easily and safely be inserted into the opening 24 and a stop position up to which the container 4 can enter Storage compartment 3 is inserted and in which the opening 24 is substantially sealed, is defined by contact of the housing 41 with the edges of the opening 24.
  • the housing 41 may be provided with a circumferential flexible skirt 42, eg made of rubber, which adjoins the back wall 9 snugly in the inserted position and the opening 24 also closes tightly when the housing 41 itself does not touch the edges of the opening 24.
  • a circumferential flexible skirt 42 eg made of rubber
  • an evaporator 28 is arranged on the rear side of the storage compartment 3.
  • the evaporator 28 is here shown spaced from the rear wall 29 of the body 1, but it could also be a known coldwall evaporator, which is inserted between an inner container and an insulating layer of the rear wall 19.
  • the fan 22 is arranged to drive air circulation along the free surface of the evaporator 28 and around the walls 7, 9, 10, ceiling 39 and bottom 40 of the container 4, thus minimizing the temperature gradient in the storage compartment 3 and in the container 4, respectively to care.
  • a no-frost structure comes into consideration, such. B. shown in Fig. 6, where the evaporator and a fan associated with it outside the range shown, for. B. in a conventional manner in an evaporator chamber under the ceiling of the body 1, are housed, and the fan drives a cold air flow along a guided over the rear wall 29 channel 30, which exits through openings 31 of the rear wall 29 into the storage compartment 3:
  • the cold air flows to the container 4, heats up and rises on the inside of the door 2 again in the direction of the evaporator chamber.
  • the rear wall 9 may have a double-walled structure.
  • a heat transfer material 35 such as a brine or a water-alcohol mixture whose freezing point is between a desired operating temperature of the storage compartment 3 and the temperature of the exiting cold air from the channel 30.
  • the evaporator of a no-frost refrigerator is generally provided with a defrost heater to thaw frost deposited on the evaporator during operation and to drain the condensate. If a defrost has taken place, the compressor has to run again for some time before the evaporator chamber has cooled down to the extent that all remaining behind dew water residues are frozen again. If the fan of the evaporator chamber is running in such a time, the moisture content of the air exiting at the openings 31, the limit for the air in the container 4, which leads to the opening of the passage 13 exceed. Under these conditions, leaving the passage 13 open would not lead to a reduction, but to an increase in the humidity in the container 4. Therefore, the monitoring of the humidity in the container 4 is preferably exposed in such a situation, and the passage 13 remains closed regardless of the humidity value in the container 4 until the evaporator chamber is cooled down again.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cold Air Circulating Systems And Constructional Details In Refrigerators (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

A refrigeration appliance, particularly a household refrigeration appliance, has a storage space (4) for cooled material (23), wherein at least one passage (13) for the flow of air into and out of the storage space (4) is formed in a wall delimiting the storage space (4). The passage (13) can be closed by a movable closure element (14). A fan (17) for driving an air flow is arranged in the storage space (4) and can be operated with the passage (13) closed.

Description

Kältegerät  The refrigerator
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Kältegerät, insbesondere ein Haushaltskältegerät, das speziell geeignet ist zur Lagerung von gegen Austrocknung empfindlichem Kühlgut. Die Haltbarkeit von nicht steril und luftdicht verpackten Lebensmitteln in einem Kältegerät ist durch mikrobiellen Verderb, chemische und enzymatische Verderbsprozesse sowie durch Austrocknen begrenzt. Frische Lebensmittel wie Obst, Gemüse, Salate oder frische Kräuter geben - neben der durch die natürliche Respiration freigesetzten Feuchte - solange Feuchtigkeit an ihre Umgebung ab, bis sich ein Gleichgewicht zwischen ihnen und der umgebenden Luft eingestellt hat. Die damit einhergehende Austrocknung dieser Lebensmittel ist meist irreversibel und führt dazu, dass diese Lebensmittel als nicht mehr verzehrtauglich beurteilt werden, lange bevor der Verzehr tatsächlich aufgrund einer eventuellen Besiedlung durch Mikroorganismen gesundheitlich bedenklich wäre. Um frische Lebensmittel in einem Kältegerät lange unter Bewahrung ihrer Qualität lagern zu können, ist es daher wünschenswert, die Verdunstung zu minimieren. Andererseits muss eine Lagerung bei zu hoher Luftfeuchtigkeit vermieden werden, da diese wiederum das Wachstum von Mikroorganismen stark fördern würde. The present invention relates to a refrigeration appliance, in particular a household refrigeration appliance, which is particularly suitable for the storage of desiccated refrigerated goods. The shelf life of non-sterile and airtight packaged foods in a refrigerator is limited by microbial spoilage, chemical and enzymatic spoilage processes, and drying out. Fresh foods such as fruits, vegetables, salads or fresh herbs - in addition to the moisture released by the natural respiration - release moisture into their environment until equilibrium is established between them and the surrounding air. The resulting dehydration of these foods is usually irreversible and causes these foods are judged to be no longer verzehrtauglich long before the consumption would be due to a possible colonization by microorganisms of health concern. To be able to store fresh food in a refrigerator for a long time while maintaining its quality, it is therefore desirable to minimize evaporation. On the other hand, a storage at too high humidity must be avoided, as this in turn would greatly promote the growth of microorganisms.
Aus DE 101 61 306 A1 ist ein Kältegerät nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bekannt. Bei diesem No-Frost-Kältegerät hat ein Benutzer die Möglichkeit, einen Ventilator, der Luft zwischen einem Lagerraum und einer Verdampferkammer umwälzt, und einen Verdichter, der den Verdampfer mit flüssigem Kältemittel versorgt, zu unterschiedlichen Zeiten zu betreiben. Wenn er Tauwasser in dem Lagerraum beobachtet, kann er einen Rücktransport von Feuchtigkeit vom Verdampfer in den Lagerraum unterbinden, indem er den Ver- dampfer auch dann auf niedriger Temperatur hält, wenn der Ventilator steht. Umgekehrt kann er, wenn er eine zu starke Austrocknung vom Kühlgut im Lagerraum feststellt, den Ventilator auch laufen lassen, während der Verdampfer nicht kühlt, um so am Verdampfer niedergeschlagene Luftfeuchtigkeit wieder zu verdampfen und in den Lagerraum zurück- zubefördern. Die Wirksamkeit dieses Ansatzes ist dadurch eingeschränkt, dass in der Praxis die Rate, mit der Feuchtigkeit im Lagerraum freigesetzt wird, mit Art und Menge des darin untergebrachten Kühlguts variiert und es daher für einen Benutzer kaum möglich ist, eine Einstellung zu finden, die dauerhaft ein gutes Lagerklima garantiert. Vielmehr ergibt sich das Problem, dass eine an sich erwünschte hohe Luftfeuchtigkeit die Gefahr steigert, dass Kondenswasser sich an einer besonders kühlen Stelle des Lagerraums niederschlägt. Außerdem führt der ständige Wechsel zwischen Ein- und Ausschaltphasen des Verdichters und des Ventilators zu Schwankungen der Luftfeuchtigkeit im Lagerraum, wobei Minima der Luftfeuchtigkeit immer am Ende einer gemeinsamen Betriebsphase von Verdichter und Ventilator auftreten. Die Feuchtigkeit, die sich zuvor in der Luft des Lagerraums befunden hat, ist nun fest am Verdampfer gebunden, und die Feuchtigkeit, die zur Wiederherstellung des Gleichgewichts zwischen der Luft des Lagerraums und den darin gelagerten Lebensmitteln erforderlich ist, wird in erster Linie von den Lebensmitteln abgegeben, was zu einem vorzeitigen Verderb führt. From DE 101 61 306 A1 a refrigeration device according to the preamble of claim 1 is known. In this no-frost refrigerator, a user has the ability to operate a fan that circulates air between a storage room and an evaporator chamber and a compressor that supplies the evaporator with liquid refrigerant at different times. If he observes condensate in the storage room, he can prevent the return of moisture from the evaporator to the storage room by keeping the evaporator at a low temperature even when the fan is stationary. Conversely, if it detects excessive dehydration of the chilled goods in the storage room, it can also run the fan while the evaporator is not cooling so as to re-evaporate atmospheric moisture deposited on the evaporator and return it to the storage room. The effectiveness of this approach is limited by the fact that in practice the rate at which moisture is released in the storage room varies with the type and amount of refrigerated goods housed therein and it is therefore hardly possible for a user to find a setting that is durable good storage climate guaranteed. Much more There is the problem that a high humidity desired per se increases the risk that condensate settles in a particularly cool place of the storage room. In addition, the constant change between the compressor on and off phases and the fan leads to fluctuations in the humidity in the storage room, with minima of humidity always occurring at the end of a common compressor and fan operating phase. The moisture that was previously in the air of the storage room is now firmly bound to the evaporator, and the moisture required to restore the balance between the air of the storage room and the food stored therein is primarily from the food which leads to premature spoilage.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist, ein Kältegerät zu schaffen, das verbesserte Lagerbedingungen für frisches, Feuchtigkeit abgebendes Kühlgut bieten kann. The object of the invention is to provide a refrigeration device that can provide improved storage conditions for fresh, moisture-emitting refrigerated goods.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst, indem bei einem Kältegerät, insbesondere einem Haushaltskäl- tegerät, mit einem Lagerraum für Kühlgut, das in einer den Lagerraum begrenzenden Wand wenigstens einen Durchgang für den Zu- und/oder Abfluss von Luft zu bzw. von dem Lagerraum aufweist, und einem Ventilator zum Antreiben eines Luftstroms in dem Lagerraum der Durchgang durch ein bewegliches Verschlusselement verschließbar ist und der Ventilator in dem Lagerraum angeordnet und bei verschlossenem Durchgang betreibbar ist. Der Ventilator ermöglicht es, lokale Temperatur- und Feuchtigkeitsunterschiede in dem Lagerraum zu minimieren, ohne dass die von ihm umgewälzte Luft über den Durchgang den Lagerraum verlassen kann. Die Luftfeuchtigkeit kann daher auf einem hohen Wert konstant gehalten werden, ohne dass die Gefahr von Tauwasserbildung im Lagerraum besteht. The object is achieved by having at least one passage for the inflow and / or outflow of air to and from the storage space in a refrigerator, in particular a domestic refrigeration appliance, with a storage space for refrigerated goods which has a wall bounding the storage space, and a fan for driving an air flow in the storage space, the passage through a movable closure element is closable and the fan is arranged in the storage room and operable in a closed passage. The fan makes it possible to minimize local temperature and humidity differences in the storage room without the air circulated by it being able to leave the storage room via the passage. The humidity can therefore be kept constant at a high level, without the risk of condensation in the storage room.
Damit die vom Ventilator angetriebene Luftzirkulation nicht ihrerseits wiederum die Austrocknung des Kühlguts fördert, sollte der Ventilator so angeordnet und dimensioniert sein, dass die Geschwindigkeit des Luftstroms im Lagerraum nirgends 2 m/sec überschreitet. In order that the air circulation driven by the fan does not in turn promote the desiccation of the refrigerated goods, the fan should be arranged and dimensioned so that the speed of the air flow in the storage room nowhere exceeds 2 m / sec.
Eine Steuereinheit sollte eingerichtet sein, das Verschlusselement anhand der im Lagerraum herrschenden Luftfeuchtigkeit zu steuern, um die Abgabe feuchter Luft aus dem Lagerraum zu ermöglichen, wenn dies zur Verhinderung von Kondenswasserbildung im Lagerraum erforderlich ist. A control unit should be set up to control the closing element on the basis of the prevailing humidity in the storage room to the delivery of moist air from the To allow storage space, if this is necessary to prevent condensation in the storage room.
Zweckmäßigerweise sollte die Steuereinheit also eingerichtet sein, den Durchgang zu öffnen, wenn die Luftfeuchtigkeit an wenigstens einem Messpunkt im Lagerraum einen Grenzwert übersteigt. Conveniently, the control unit should therefore be set up to open the passage when the humidity exceeds a limit at at least one measuring point in the storage room.
Die Steuereinheit kann auch dazu dienen, den Ventilator selbst anhand der im Lagerraum herrschenden Luftfeuchtigkeit zu steuern, und zwar vorzugsweise derart, dass die Steuereinheit den Ventilator in Betrieb nimmt, wenn die Differenz der Luftfeuchtigkeit und/oder der Temperatur zwischen zwei Messpunkten in dem Lagerraum einen Grenzwert übersteigt. The control unit can also serve to control the fan itself based on the humidity prevailing in the storage room, preferably in such a way that the control unit activates the fan when the difference between the humidity and / or the temperature between two measuring points in the storage room Exceeds limit.
Vorzugsweise ist der Lagerraum nicht oder allenfalls zu einem geringem Teil durch den Zufluss von Kaltluft von außen gekühlt, sondern durch Kontakt seiner Wand mit einem Kältereservoir. Ein solcher Kontakt kann sehr großflächig sein und eine Kühlung des Lagerraums bei geringer Temperaturdifferenz zwischen Lagerraum und Kältereservoir ermöglichen. Je geringer diese Temperaturdifferenz ist, umso geringer ist auch die Neigung zur Ausbildung von Temperaturgradienten in dem Lagerraum, die durch Betrieb des Ventilators wieder beseitigt werden müssten. Preferably, the storage space is not or at most cooled to a small extent by the inflow of cold air from the outside, but by contact of its wall with a cold reservoir. Such a contact can be very large and allow cooling of the storage room at low temperature difference between the storage room and the cold reservoir. The lower this temperature difference, the lower the tendency to form temperature gradients in the storage room, which would have to be eliminated by operating the fan again.
Einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung zufolge ist der Lagerraum ein Behälter, und das Kältereservoir ist ein Lagerfach des Kältegeräts, in dem der Behälter angeordnet ist. According to a preferred embodiment, the storage space is a container, and the cold reservoir is a storage compartment of the refrigeration device, in which the container is arranged.
Um Kühlgut in dem Behälter bequem handhaben zu können, ist es zweckmäßig, wenn der Behälter wenigstens ein unteres und ein oberes Behälterteil umfasst und das untere Behälterteil ohne das obere Behälterteil bewegbar, insbesondere aus dem Lagerfach entnehmbar, ist. In order to handle refrigerated goods in the container convenient, it is advantageous if the container comprises at least a lower and an upper container part and the lower container part without the upper container part movable, in particular from the storage compartment removed.
Komponenten, die zu ihrem Betrieb an Energieversorgungs- oder Signalleitungen angeschlossen sein müssen, wie etwa das Verschlusselement, der Ventilator oder ein Sensor sind vorzugsweise an dem oberen Behälterteil vorgesehen. Das Lagerfach kann seinerseits einen zweiten Ventilator aufweisen, um in dem Lagerfach einen Luftstrom anzutreiben, der den Behälter umspült und so für eine gleichmäßige Temperaturverteilung auf der Behälterwand sorgt. Components that need to be connected to power or signal lines for their operation, such as the shutter member, the fan or a sensor, are preferably provided on the upper tank part. The storage compartment may in turn comprise a second fan to drive in the storage compartment a flow of air which flows around the container and thus ensures a uniform distribution of temperature on the container wall.
Wenn das Kältegerät ein No-Frost-Gerät ist, kann als zweiter Ventilator zweckmäßiger- weise der Ventilator dienen, der bei einem Gerät dieses Typs herkömmlicherweise den Luftaustausch zwischen dem Lagerfach und einer Verdampferkammer antreibt. If the refrigeration device is a no-frost device, the second ventilator can usefully be the fan, which conventionally drives the exchange of air between the storage compartment and an evaporator chamber in a device of this type.
Wenn ein Verdampfer, der das Lagerfach kühlt, mit einer Abtauheizung versehen ist, kann die Steuereinheit eingerichtet sein, den Durchgang geschlossen zu halten, während die Abtauheizung im Betrieb ist, und so den Zutritt von relativ warmer, feuchter Luft ins Inneren des Behälters während des Abtauens zu verhindern. When an evaporator that cools the storage compartment is provided with a defrost heater, the control unit may be configured to keep the passage closed while the defrost heater is in operation, and thus to allow relatively warm, humid air to enter the interior of the container during operation To prevent defrosting.
Um Temperaturschwankungen und mit ihnen einhergehende Schwankungen der relativen Luftfeuchtigkeit in dem Lagerraum zu minimieren, kann die Wand des Lagerraums auf wenigstens einem Teil ihrer Fläche mit einem Wärmespeichemedium versehen sein. Um eine große Wärmemenge in einer kleinen Menge des Wärmespeichermediums speichern zu können, ist das Wärmespeichermedium zweckmäßigerweise so gewählt, dass eine Phasenübergangstemperatur des Wärmespeichermediums mit der Betriebstemperatur des Kältereservoirs übereinstimmt. Vorzugsweise ist das Wärmespeichermedium an ei- nem Teil der Wand angeordnet, das einen vom zweiten Ventilator angetriebenen Kaltluftstrom ausgesetzt ist. In order to minimize temperature fluctuations and associated variations in the relative humidity in the storage room, the wall of the storage room may be provided on at least part of its surface with a heat storage medium. In order to store a large amount of heat in a small amount of the heat storage medium, the heat storage medium is suitably chosen so that a phase transition temperature of the heat storage medium coincides with the operating temperature of the cold reservoir. Preferably, the heat storage medium is disposed on a part of the wall which is exposed to a cold air flow driven by the second fan.
Eine weitere Maßnahme, mit der Temperaturgradienten und -Schwankungen in dem Lagerraum minimiert werden können, ist, dass die Wand wenigstens auf einem Teil ihrer Fläche eine Außenwand, eine Innenwand und einen isolierenden Spalt dazwischen um- fasst. Another measure that can minimize temperature gradients and fluctuations in the storage space is that the wall comprises at least a portion of its surface an outer wall, an inner wall and an insulating gap therebetween.
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Figuren. Aus dieser Beschreibung und den Figuren gehen auch Merkmale der Ausführungsbeispiele hervor, die nicht in den Ansprüchen erwähnt sind. Solche Merkmale können auch in anderen als den hier spezifisch offenbarten Kombinationen auftreten. Die Tatsache, dass mehrere solche Merkmale in einem gleichen Satz oder in einer anderen Art von Textzu- sammenhang miteinander erwähnt sind, rechtfertigt daher nicht den Schluss, dass sie nur in der spezifisch offenbarten Kombination auftreten können; stattdessen ist grundsätzlich davon auszugehen, dass von mehreren solchen Merkmalen auch einzelne weggelassen oder abgewandelt werden können, sofern dies die Funktionsfähigkeit der Erfindung nicht in Frage stellt. Es zeigen: Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures. From this description and the figures also show features of the embodiments, which are not mentioned in the claims. Such features may also occur in combinations other than those specifically disclosed herein. The fact that several such features are used in the same sentence or in a different type of textual therefore, does not justify the conclusion that they can occur only in the combination specifically disclosed; instead, it is generally to be assumed that it is also possible to omit or modify individual ones of several such features, provided this does not call into question the functionality of the invention. Show it:
Fig. 1 einen schematischen Schnitt durch ein Haushaltskältegerät gemäß einer ersten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung; 1 shows a schematic section through a household refrigerator according to a first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 einen Schnitt durch ein Haushaltskältegerät gemäß einer zweiten 2 shows a section through a household refrigerator according to a second
Ausgestaltung bei offener Tür und teilweise herausgezogenem unterem Behälterteil;  Design with open door and partially pulled out lower container part;
Fig. 3 einen Schnitt gemäß einer dritten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung; 3 shows a section according to a third embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 einen Schnitt gemäß einer vierten Ausgestaltung; 4 shows a section according to a fourth embodiment;
Fig. 5 einen Schnitt gemäß einer fünften Ausgestaltung; und 5 shows a section according to a fifth embodiment; and
Fig. 6 einen Schnitt gemäß einer sechsten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung. Fig. 6 is a section according to a sixth embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 1 zeigt einen schematischen Schnitt durch ein Haushaltskältegerät mit einem Korpus 1 und einer Tür 2, die ein gekühltes Lagerfach 3, insbesondere ein Null-Grad- oder Frischkühlfach, umgeben. Weitere, eventuell mit einer anderen Tür als der dargestellten Tür 2 verschlossene Lagerfächer wie etwa ein Normalkühlfach und ein Gefrierfach, kön- nen vorhanden sein. Fig. 1 shows a schematic section through a household refrigerator with a body 1 and a door 2, which surround a cooled storage compartment 3, in particular a zero-degree or fresh cooling compartment. Further storage compartments, possibly closed with a door other than the illustrated door 2, such as a normal refrigerated compartment and a freezer compartment, may be present.
Ein in dem Lagerfach 3 untergebrachter, z. B. aus Kunststoff spritzgeformter Behälter 4 umfasst ein unteres Behälterteil 5 und ein oberes Behälterteil 6. Das untere Behälterteil 5 ist auf dem Boden des Lagerfachs 3 in Tiefenrichtung verschiebbar aufgestellt. Es um- fasst eine der Tür 2 zugewandte Vorderwand 7, an der ein Griff 8 zur Erleichterung der Handhabung angeformt ist, eine Rückwand 9, die weniger hoch als die Vorderwand 7 ist, und Seitenwände 10, deren obere Kanten von der Vorder- 7 zur Rückwand 9 hin kontinuierlich abfallen. Entlang der Oberkanten der Wände 7, 9, 10 ist ein schräg nach hinten abfallender Dichtflansch 1 1 gebildet. Auf dem Dichtflansch 1 1 liegt ein komplementärer Dichtflansch 12 des oberen Behälterteils 6 auf. Der Kontakt zwischen den Flanschen 1 1 , 12 muss nicht hermetisch dicht sein, ein eventueller Spalt zwischen ihnen sollte jedoch so eng sein, dass die Luftzirkulation durch einen solchen Spalt klein ist gegenüber der durch einen in dem oberen Behälterteil 6 gebildeten (hier aus mehreren Schlitzen bestehenden) Durchgang 13, wenn dieser von einem daran angeordneten Verschlusselement, hier einem in Tiefenrichtung verschiebbaren Gitter 14, freigegeben ist. One in the storage compartment 3 accommodated, z. B. plastic injection-molded container 4 comprises a lower container part 5 and an upper container part 6. The lower container part 5 is placed on the floor of the storage compartment 3 in the depth direction displaced. It comprises a front wall 7 facing the door 2, to which a handle 8 is integrally formed for ease of handling, a rear wall 9 which is less high than the front wall 7, and side walls 10 whose upper edges extend from the front 7 to the front Rear wall 9 down continuously. Along the upper edges of the walls 7, 9, 10 is an obliquely backwards sloping sealing flange 1 1 formed. On the sealing flange 1 1 is a complementary sealing flange 12 of the upper container part 6. The contact between the flanges 11, 12 does not have to be hermetically sealed, but a possible gap between them should be so narrow that the air circulation through such a gap is small compared to that formed by one in the upper container part 6 (here several slits existing) passage 13 when it is released from a closure element arranged thereon, here a grid 14 which is displaceable in the depth direction.
Das obere Behälterteil 6 ist an einer Decke 15 des Lagerfachs 3 mit vertikalem Spiel, z. B. mit Hilfe von in Langlöchern eingreifenden Haken 16, aufgehängt, um einen engen Kon- takt der Dichtflansche 1 1 , 12 auch dann zu ermöglichen, wenn die Behälterteile 5, 6 nicht exakt über- und untereinander platziert sind. The upper container part 6 is connected to a ceiling 15 of the storage compartment 3 with vertical play, z. B. by means of hooks 16 engaging in slots, suspended in order to enable a close contact of the sealing flanges 1 1, 12 even if the container parts 5, 6 are not placed exactly above and below each other.
Am oberen Behälterteil 6 sind ein Ventilator 17, ein an dem Gitter 14 angreifendes Stellglied 18, ein Luftfeuchtesensor 19 sowie eventuell auch ein Temperatursensor 20 mon- tiert. Der Ventilator 17, das Stellglied 18 und die Sensoren 19, 20 sind über ein Leitungsbündel 21 an eine hier nicht dargestellte elektronische Steuereinheit des Kältegerät angeschlossen, der außer der Steuerung des Ventilators 17 und des Stellglieds 18 anhand von Messdaten der Sensoren 19, 20 auch die Steuerung eines am Lagerfach 3 außerhalb des Behälters 4 angeordneten zweiten Ventilators 22 und, in fachüblicher Weise, eines hier nicht dargestellten Verdichters des Kältegeräts obliegt. At the upper container part 6, a fan 17, an actuator 18 acting on the grille 14, an air humidity sensor 19 and possibly also a temperature sensor 20 are mounted. The fan 17, the actuator 18 and the sensors 19, 20 are connected via a line bundle 21 to an electronic control unit of the refrigeration device, not shown here, in addition to the control of the fan 17 and the actuator 18 based on measurement data of the sensors 19, 20 and the Control of a storage compartment 3 outside the container 4 arranged second fan 22 and, in a customary manner, a compressor, not shown here, of the refrigerator rests.
Die Steuerung des Ventilators 17 und des Stellglieds 18 durch die Steuereinheit kann auf unterschiedliche Weise erfolgen. Im einfachsten Falle ist der Ventilator 17 kontinuierlich in Betrieb, um eine langsam, mit weniger als 2 m/s, zirkulierende Luftströmung im Behälter 4 in Gang zu halten, die die Ausbildung eines Temperatur- und Luftfeuchtegradienten innerhalb des Behälters 4 verhindert oder verringert und so dafür sorgt, dass der von dem Luftfeuchtesensor 19 lokal an dessen Einbauort erfasste Luftfeuchtigkeitswert für das gesamte Volumen des Behälters 4 repräsentativ ist. Überschreitet dieser Wert eine obere Grenze von z.B. 85 % + ε rH, wobei ε ein kleiner positiver Wert, z.B. 0,5 %, ist, dann steu- ert die Steuereinheit das Stellglied 18 an, um den Durchgang 13 zu öffnen. Indem so feuchte Luft aus dem Behälter 4 in das umgebenden Lagerfach 3 geblasen wird und trockenere Luft von dort in den Behälter 4 zurückströmt, wird in diesem die Luftfeuchtigkeit weit genug abgesenkt, um den Niederschlag von Tauwasser innerhalb des Behälters 4 zu verhindern. Wenn der Messwert des Sensors 19 auf 85% - ε abgenommen hat, wird das Stellglied 18 erneut angesteuert, um den Durchgang 13 zu schließen. Die Luftfeuchtigkeit im Behälter 4 variiert folglich in einem sehr engen Intervall von 2 ε, und die Menge an Feuchtigkeit, die von im Behälter 4 gelagertem Kühlgut 23 abgeben wird, um einen Gleichgewichtswert der Luftfeuchtigkeit aufrechtzuerhalten, ist sehr gering. The control of the fan 17 and the actuator 18 by the control unit can be done in different ways. In the simplest case, the fan 17 is continuously in operation to keep a slow, with less than 2 m / s, circulating air flow in the container 4 in motion, which prevents or reduces the formation of a temperature and humidity gradient within the container 4 and so ensures that the detected by the humidity sensor 19 locally at its installation humidity value for the entire volume of the container 4 is representative. If this value exceeds an upper limit of, for example, 85% + ε rH, where ε is a small positive value, for example 0.5%, then the control unit controls the actuator 18 in order to open the passage 13. By thus humid air from the container 4 is blown into the surrounding storage compartment 3 and drier air flows back from there into the container 4, in this the humidity is lowered far enough to the precipitation of condensate within the container 4 to prevent. When the measured value of the sensor 19 has decreased to 85% - ε, the actuator 18 is driven again to close the passage 13. Consequently, the humidity in the container 4 varies in a very narrow interval of 2 ε, and the amount of moisture released from refrigerated goods 23 stored in the container 4 to maintain an equilibrium value of the humidity is very small.
Bei offenem Durchgang 13 kann die Leistung des Ventilators 17 heraufgesetzt werden, um einen schnellen Luftaustausch zwischen Behälter 4 und Lagerfach 3 zu erreichen und den Durchgang 13 schnell wieder schließen zu können. Der Einschaltgrenzwert der Luftfeuchtigkeit kann natürlich auch auf andere Werte als die oben genannten 85 % rH festgelegt sein. Der Grenzwert sollte auf jeden Fall höher sein als die Gleichgewichts-Luftfeuchtigkeit des Kühlguts 23, sollte aber auch weit genug unter 100 % rH liegen, um Tauwasserbildung in relativ kühlen, eventuell durch Kühlgut 23 von der Luftströmung des Ventilators 17 abgeschirmten Bereichen des Behälters 4 ausschlie- ßen zu können. Um die Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass solche abgeschirmten Bereiche entstehen, zu minimieren, kann, wie in Fig. 3 gezeigt, im Behälter 4 mit Abstand zu dessen Wänden und Boden eine Schale 36 angeordnet sein, so dass die vom Ventilator 17 angetriebene Luft in einem Zwischenraum 37 zwischen unterem Behälterteil 5 und Schale 36 zirkulieren und durch Öffnungen 38 der Schale hindurchtreten und das Kühlgut 23 von allen Seiten erreichen kann. When the passage 13 is open, the power of the fan 17 can be increased in order to achieve a rapid exchange of air between the container 4 and the storage compartment 3 and to be able to quickly close the passage 13 again. Of course, the humidity threshold may also be set to values other than the 85% rH mentioned above. The limit value should in any case be higher than the equilibrium humidity of the product to be cooled 23, but should also be far enough below 100% RH to exclude condensation in relatively cool areas of the container 4, possibly shielded by goods to be cooled 23 from the air flow of the fan 17 - to be able to eat. In order to minimize the likelihood that such shielded areas arise, as shown in Fig. 3, in the container 4 at a distance from its walls and bottom, a shell 36 may be arranged so that the fan 17 driven air in a gap 37th circulate between lower container part 5 and shell 36 and pass through openings 38 of the shell and can reach the refrigerated goods 23 from all sides.
Einer Weiterentwicklung zufolge ist auch der Betrieb des Ventilators 17 eng am Bedarf orientiert. Bedarf nach Betrieb des Ventilators 17 besteht dann, wenn ein deutlicher Gradient der Temperatur oder der Luftfeuchtigkeit im Behälter 4 vorliegt. Auf die Existenz eines Temperaturgradienten kann z. B. geschlossen werden, wenn der Messwert des Temperatursensors 20 deutlich von dem eines in der Figur nicht dargestellten Temperatursensors abweicht, der in an sich bekannter Weise an einer Wand des Lagerfachs 3 angebracht ist und zur Steuerung des Verdichterbetriebs dient. Ein Gradient der Temperatur oder der Luftfeuchtigkeit kann natürlich auch unmittelbar am Behälter 4 gemessen werden, wenn dieser wenigstens zwei Sensoren des gleichen Typs an verschiedenen Stellen aufweist. Da einerseits kalte Luft dazu neigt, sich am Boden des Behälters 4 zu sammeln und andererseits der Behälter 4 überwiegend an seiner Vorder- seite einem Wärmezufluss ausgesetzt ist, während er von hinten gekühlt wird, bildet sich ein Temperatur- oder Feuchtigkeitsgradient am ehesten zwischen einem relativ kalten bzw. feuchten Bereich in Boden- und Rückwandnähe des Behälters 4 und einem relativ warmen bzw. trockenen Bereich in einer vorderen oberen Ecke des Behälters 4. Ein zweiter Sensor sollte folglich vertikal und/oder in Tiefenrichtung von den Sensoren 19, 20 beabstandet und vorzugsweise am unteren Behälterteil 5, insbesondere an dessen Rückwand 9, angeordnet sein. According to a further development, the operation of the fan 17 is closely oriented to the needs. Need for operation of the fan 17 is when there is a significant gradient of the temperature or humidity in the container 4. On the existence of a temperature gradient can, for. B. are closed when the measured value of the temperature sensor 20 differs significantly from that of a temperature sensor, not shown in the figure, which is mounted in a conventional manner to a wall of the storage compartment 3 and serves to control the compressor operation. Of course, a gradient of the temperature or the humidity can also be measured directly on the container 4 if it has at least two sensors of the same type at different locations. Since, on the one hand, cold air tends to collect at the bottom of the container 4 and, on the other hand, the container 4 predominantly rests on its front side. side exposed to a heat inflow, while being cooled from behind, a temperature or humidity gradient forms most likely between a relatively cold or wet area in the bottom and rear wall of the container 4 and a relatively warm or dry area in a front upper Corner of the container 4. A second sensor should consequently be spaced vertically and / or in the depth direction from the sensors 19, 20 and preferably at the lower container part 5, in particular at the rear wall 9 thereof.
Wenn ein solcher zweiter Sensor am unteren Behälterteil 5 fest montiert ist und dieses zur Handhabung des Kühlguts 23 aus dem Kältegerät entnehmbar sein soll, ergibt sich das Problem, die Signale eines solchen Sensors an die Steuereinheit zu übertragen. Bei der in Fig. 2 gezeigten Ausgestaltung ist dieses Problem gelöst, indem in der Rückwand 9 des - ansonsten mit dem der Fig.1 identischen - unteren Behälterteils 5 eine großflächige Öffnung 24 gebildet ist, um die herum, wenn das Behälterteil 5 nicht, wie in der Figur gezeigt, teilweise herausgezogen, sondern dicht schließend unter dem oberen Behälterteil 6 plat- ziert ist, ein elastischer Balg 25 dicht schließend an der Rückwand 9 anliegt. In diesem Balg 25 montierte Temperatur- und/oder Luftfeuchtesensoren 26, 27 sind in Bezug auf den Korpus 1 ortsfest und über fest verlegte Leitungen mit der Steuereinheit verbunden, sind aber, wenn die Tür 2 geschlossen und die Behälterteile 5, 6 dicht aufeinander platziert sind, der Luft des Behälters 4 ausgesetzt. If such a second sensor is fixedly mounted on the lower container part 5 and this is to be removed for handling the Kühlguts 23 from the refrigerator, there is the problem to transmit the signals of such a sensor to the control unit. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 2, this problem is solved by a large-area opening 24 is formed in the rear wall 9 of - otherwise identical to that of Figure 1 - lower container part 5, around which, if the container part 5 is not how shown in the figure, partially withdrawn, but is sealingly placed under the upper container part 6, an elastic bellows 25 sealingly abuts against the rear wall 9. In this bellows 25 mounted temperature and / or humidity sensors 26, 27 are fixed with respect to the body 1 and fixed lines to the control unit connected, but are when the door 2 is closed and the container parts 5, 6 are placed close to each other exposed to the air of the container 4.
Alternativ zur Darstellung der Fig. 2 können die Sensoren 26, 27 auch in einem im Lagerfach 3 ortsfesten, z.B. von der Rückwand 29 vorspringenden Gehäuse 41 untergebracht sein, das in die Öffnung 24 der Rückwand 9 eingreift, wenn das Behälterteil 5 in das Lagerfach 3 eingeschoben ist. Dieses an seiner in den Behälter 4 eingreifenden Spitze durchbrochene Gehäuse 41 kann, wie in Fig. 4 gezeigt, nach vorn verjüngt sein, so dass es leicht und sicher in die Öffnung 24 einführbar ist und eine Anschlagstellung, bis zu der der Behälter 4 in das Lagerfach 3 einschiebbar ist und in der die Öffnung 24 im Wesentlichen dicht verschlossen ist, durch Kontakt des Gehäuses 41 mit den Rändern der Öffnung 24 definiert ist. Alternatively to the representation of FIG. 2, the sensors 26, 27 can also be fixed in a storage compartment 3, e.g. be housed by the rear wall 29 projecting housing 41, which engages in the opening 24 of the rear wall 9 when the container part 5 is inserted into the storage compartment 3. As shown in FIG. 4, this housing 41, which is perforated at its tip engaging in the container 4, can be tapered forward, so that it can easily and safely be inserted into the opening 24 and a stop position up to which the container 4 can enter Storage compartment 3 is inserted and in which the opening 24 is substantially sealed, is defined by contact of the housing 41 with the edges of the opening 24.
Einer weiteren, in Fig. 5 gezeigten Alternative zufolge kann das Gehäuse 41 mit einer umlaufenden flexiblen Schürze 42, z.B. aus Gummi, versehen sein, die sich an die Rück- wand 9 in eingeschobener Stellung anschmiegt und die Öffnung 24 auch dann dicht verschließt, wenn das Gehäuse 41 selber nicht die Ränder der Öffnung 24 berührt. According to a further alternative shown in FIG. 5, the housing 41 may be provided with a circumferential flexible skirt 42, eg made of rubber, which adjoins the back wall 9 snugly in the inserted position and the opening 24 also closes tightly when the housing 41 itself does not touch the edges of the opening 24.
Das Vorhandensein von in Richtung des Temperatur- oder Feuchtegradienten beabstan- deten Sensoren 1 9, 20, 26, 27 für Temperatur und Luftfeuchtigkeit erlaubt z. B. eine Steuerung des Ventilators 17, bei der der Ventilator 17 immer dann eingeschaltet wird, wenn die Differenz zwischen den von den Luftfeuchtesensoren 19, 27 gemessenen Luftfeuchtigkeitswerten einen Grenzwert von z. B. 4% rH überschreitet oder die Differenz zwischen den Messwerten der Temperatursensoren 20, 26 einen Grenzwert von 0,3 K überschreitet und der Ventilator wieder ausgeschaltet wird, sobald beide Grenzwerte unter- schritten sind. The presence of spaced apart in the direction of the temperature or humidity gradient sensors 1 9, 20, 26, 27 for temperature and humidity allows z. B. a control of the fan 17, in which the fan 17 is always turned on when the difference between the measured by the humidity sensors 19, 27 humidity values a limit of z. B. 4% rH exceeds or the difference between the measured values of the temperature sensors 20, 26 exceeds a limit of 0.3 K and the fan is switched off again when both limits are exceeded.
Bei den Ausgestaltungen der Fig. 1 bis 5 ist ein Verdampfer 28 an der Rückseite des Lagerfachs 3 angeordnet. Der Verdampfer 28 ist hier beabstandet von der Rückwand 29 des Korpus 1 dargestellt, es könnte sich aber auch um einen an sich bekannten Coldwall- Verdampfer handeln, der zwischen einen Innenbehälter und eine Isolierschicht der Rückwand 19 eingefügt ist. Der Ventilator 22 ist angeordnet, um Luftzirkulation entlang der freien Oberfläche des Verdampfers 28 und rings um die Wände 7, 9, 10, Decke 39 und Boden 40 des Behälters 4 anzutreiben und so für eine Minimierung des Temperaturgradienten im Lagerfach 3 bzw. im Behälter 4 zu sorgen. In the embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 5, an evaporator 28 is arranged on the rear side of the storage compartment 3. The evaporator 28 is here shown spaced from the rear wall 29 of the body 1, but it could also be a known coldwall evaporator, which is inserted between an inner container and an insulating layer of the rear wall 19. The fan 22 is arranged to drive air circulation along the free surface of the evaporator 28 and around the walls 7, 9, 10, ceiling 39 and bottom 40 of the container 4, thus minimizing the temperature gradient in the storage compartment 3 and in the container 4, respectively to care.
Selbstverständlich kommt auch ein No-Frost-Aufbau in Betracht, wie z. B. in Fig. 6 gezeigt, wo der Verdampfer und ein ihm zugeordneter Ventilator außerhalb des dargestellten Bereichs, z. B. in an sich bekannter Weise in einer Verdampferkammer unter der Decke des Korpus 1 , untergebracht sind, und der Ventilator einen Kaltluftstrom entlang eines über die Rückwand 29 geführten Kanals 30 antreibt, der durch Öffnungen 31 der Rückwand 29 ins Lagerfach 3 austritt: Die Kaltluft strömt den Behälter 4 an, erwärmt sich an ihm und steigt an der Innenseite der Tür 2 wieder in Richtung der Verdampferkammer auf. Um bei einem solchen Aufbau eine zu schnelle Abkühlung der dem Kaltluftstrom direkt ausgesetzten Rückseite des Behälters 4 zu vermeiden, kann dessen Rückwand 9 eine doppelwandige Struktur aufweisen. Ein Spalt 32 zwischen einer Außenwand 33 und einer Innenwand 34 kann, wie am Beispiel des oberen Behälterteils 6 dargestellt, luftgefüllt sein, sodass die Isolationswirkung der Luft eine zu schnelle Auskühlung der Innenwand 34 verhindert oder es kann, wie am Beispiel des unteren Behälterteils 5 dargestellt, der Spalt 32 mit einem Wärmeträgermaterial 35, etwa einer Sole oder einem Wasser-Alkohol- Gemisch, gefüllt sein, dessen Gefrierpunkt zwischen einer Soll-Betriebstemperatur des Lagerfachs 3 und der Temperatur der aus dem Kanal 30 austretenden Kaltluft liegt. Of course, a no-frost structure comes into consideration, such. B. shown in Fig. 6, where the evaporator and a fan associated with it outside the range shown, for. B. in a conventional manner in an evaporator chamber under the ceiling of the body 1, are housed, and the fan drives a cold air flow along a guided over the rear wall 29 channel 30, which exits through openings 31 of the rear wall 29 into the storage compartment 3: The cold air flows to the container 4, heats up and rises on the inside of the door 2 again in the direction of the evaporator chamber. In order to avoid too rapid cooling of the cold air flow directly exposed back of the container 4 in such a structure, the rear wall 9 may have a double-walled structure. A gap 32 between an outer wall 33 and an inner wall 34, as shown by the example of the upper container part 6, be filled with air, so that the insulating effect of the air prevents too fast cooling of the inner wall 34 or it can, as shown by the example of the lower container part 5 , of the Gap 32 may be filled with a heat transfer material 35, such as a brine or a water-alcohol mixture whose freezing point is between a desired operating temperature of the storage compartment 3 and the temperature of the exiting cold air from the channel 30.
Der Verdampfer eines No-Frost-Kältegeräts ist im Allgemeinen mit einer Abtauheizung versehen, um an dem Verdampfer im Laufe des Betriebs niedergeschlagenen Reif aufzutauen und das Tauwasser abfließen zu lassen. Wenn ein Abtauvorgang stattgefunden hat, muss der Verdichter erst einige Zeit wieder laufen, bevor die Verdampferkammer soweit abgekühlt ist, dass alle dort zurückgebliebenen Tauwasserreste wieder gefroren sind. Wenn in einer solchen Zeit der Ventilator der Verdampferkammer läuft, kann der Feuchtigkeitsgehalt der an den Öffnungen 31 austretenden Luft den Grenzwert für die Luft im Behälter 4, der zum Öffnen des Durchgangs 13 führt, überschreiten. Unter diesen Bedingungen würde ein Offenstehen des Durchgangs 13 nicht zu einer Verringerung, sondern zu einer Steigerung der Luftfeuchtigkeit im Behälter 4 führen. Daher ist vorzugsweise in einer solchen Situation die Überwachung der Luftfeuchtigkeit im Behälter 4 ausgesetzt, und der Durchgang 13 bleibt unabhängig vom Luftfeuchtigkeitswert im Behälter 4 so lange geschlossen, bis die Verdampferkammer wieder ausgekühlt ist. The evaporator of a no-frost refrigerator is generally provided with a defrost heater to thaw frost deposited on the evaporator during operation and to drain the condensate. If a defrost has taken place, the compressor has to run again for some time before the evaporator chamber has cooled down to the extent that all remaining behind dew water residues are frozen again. If the fan of the evaporator chamber is running in such a time, the moisture content of the air exiting at the openings 31, the limit for the air in the container 4, which leads to the opening of the passage 13 exceed. Under these conditions, leaving the passage 13 open would not lead to a reduction, but to an increase in the humidity in the container 4. Therefore, the monitoring of the humidity in the container 4 is preferably exposed in such a situation, and the passage 13 remains closed regardless of the humidity value in the container 4 until the evaporator chamber is cooled down again.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
Kältegerät, insbesondere Haushaltskältegerät, mit einem Lagerraum (4) für Kühlgut (23), wobei in einer den Lagerraum (4) begrenzenden Wand wenigstens ein Durchgang (13) für den Zu- und/oder Abfluss von Luft zu bzw. von dem Lagerraum (4) gebildet ist, und einem Ventilator (17) zum Antreiben eines Luftstroms im Lagerraum (4), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Durchgang (13) durch ein bewegliches Verschlusselement (14) verschließbar ist und dass der Ventilator (17) in dem Lagerraum (4) angeordnet und bei verschlossenem Durchgang (13) betreibbar ist. Kältegerät nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Geschwindigkeit des Luftstroms nicht über 2 m/s beträgt. Refrigerating appliance, in particular household refrigerating appliance, with a storage space (4) for refrigerated goods (23), wherein in a storage space (4) delimiting wall at least one passage (13) for the inflow and / or outflow of air to or from the storage room ( 4), and a fan (17) for driving an air flow in the storage room (4), characterized in that the passage (13) by a movable closure element (14) is closable and that the fan (17) in the storage room ( 4) is arranged and in closed passage (13) is operable. Refrigerating appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that the speed of the air flow is not more than 2 m / s.
Kältegerät nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Steuereinheit eingerichtet ist, das Verschlusselement (14) anhand der im Lagerraum herrschenden Luftfeuchtigkeit zu steuern. Refrigerating appliance according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a control unit is arranged to control the closure element (14) on the basis of the humidity prevailing in the storage room.
Kältegerät nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuereinheit eingerichtet ist, den Durchgang (13) zu öffnen, wenn die Luftfeuchtigkeit an wenigstens einem Messpunkt (19) in dem Lagerraum (4) einen Grenzwert übersteigt. Refrigerating appliance according to claim 3, characterized in that the control unit is adapted to open the passage (13) when the humidity exceeds at least one measuring point (19) in the storage space (4) exceeds a limit.
Kältegerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Steuereinheit eingerichtet ist, den Ventilator (17) anhand der im Lagerraum (4) herrschenden Luftfeuchtigkeit zu steuern. Refrigerating appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a control unit is arranged to control the fan (17) on the basis of the prevailing in the storage room (4) humidity.
Kältegerät nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Steuereinheit eingerichtet ist, den Ventilator (17) in Betrieb zu nehmen, wenn die Differenz der Luftfeuchtigkeit und/oder der Temperatur zwischen zwei Messpunkten (19, 20; 26, 27) in dem Lagerraum (4) einen Grenzwert übersteigt. Refrigerating appliance according to claim 5, characterized in that the control unit is set up to operate the fan (17) when the difference between the humidity and / or the temperature between two measuring points (19, 20, 26, 27) in the storage room ( 4) exceeds a limit.
7. Kältegerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Lagerraum (4) durch Kontakt seiner Wand (7, 9, 10) mit einem Kältereservoir gekühlt ist. 7. Refrigerating appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the storage space (4) is cooled by contact of its wall (7, 9, 10) with a cold reservoir.
8. Kältegerät nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Lagerraum ein Behälter und das Kältereservoir ein Lagerfach (3) ist, in dem der Behälter (4) angeordnet ist. 8. Refrigerating appliance according to claim 7, characterized in that the storage space is a container and the cold reservoir is a storage compartment (3), in which the container (4) is arranged.
9. Kältegerät nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Behälter (4) wenigstens ein oberes und ein unteres Behälterteil (5, 6) umfasst und dass das unte- re Behälterteil (5) ohne das obere Behälterteil (6) aus dem Lagerfach (3) entnehmbar ist. 9. Refrigerating appliance according to claim 8, characterized in that the container (4) at least one upper and one lower container part (5, 6) and that the lower container part (5) without the upper container part (6) from the storage compartment ( 3) is removable.
10. Kältegerät nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verschlusselement (14) und/oder der Ventilator (17) und/oder ein Luftfeuchte- oder Betauungs- sensor (19) und/oder ein Temperatursensor (20) an dem oberen Behälterteil (6) vorgesehen ist. 10. Refrigerating appliance according to claim 9, characterized in that the closure element (14) and / or the fan (17) and / or a humidity or condensation sensor (19) and / or a temperature sensor (20) on the upper container part ( 6) is provided.
1 1 . Kältegerät nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Lagerfach (3) einen zweiten Ventilator (22) aufweist und der Behälter (4) von ei- nem von dem zweiten Ventilator (22) angetriebenen Luftstrom umspült ist. 1 1. Refrigerating appliance according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the storage compartment (3) has a second fan (22) and the container (4) is surrounded by one of the second fan (22) driven air flow.
12. Kältegerät nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 1 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Verdampfer, der das Lagerfach (3) kühlt, mit einer Abtauheizung versehen ist und eine Steuereinheit eingerichtet ist, den Durchgang (13) geschlossen zu halten, während der Verdampfer erwärmt ist. 12. Refrigerating appliance according to one of claims 8 to 1 1, characterized in that an evaporator, which cools the storage compartment (3) is provided with a defrost heater and a control unit is arranged to keep the passage (13) closed, while the evaporator is heated.
13. Kältegerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wand (9) auf wenigstens einem Teil ihrer Fläche ein Wärmespeichermedium (35) aufweist. 13. Refrigerating appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall (9) on at least part of its surface has a heat storage medium (35).
14. Kältegerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wand (9) auf wenigstens einem Teil ihrer Fläche eine Außenwand (33), eine Innenwand (34) und einen Spalt (32) zwischen Außen- und Innenwand um- fasst. 14. Refrigerating appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wall (9) on at least part of its surface an outer wall (33), an inner wall (34) and a gap (32) between the outer and inner wall.
EP13727211.8A 2012-06-13 2013-06-07 Refrigeration appliance Active EP2861921B1 (en)

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DE102012209937A DE102012209937A1 (en) 2012-06-13 2012-06-13 The refrigerator
PCT/EP2013/061776 WO2013186132A1 (en) 2012-06-13 2013-06-07 Refrigeration appliance

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CN104364595A (en) 2015-02-18
WO2013186132A1 (en) 2013-12-19
PL2861921T3 (en) 2018-01-31
EP2861921B1 (en) 2017-08-09
CN104364595B (en) 2018-06-05
US9638454B2 (en) 2017-05-02
DE102012209937A1 (en) 2013-12-19

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