EP2854314A1 - Method and means for inserting emergency messages in a DAB Ensemble inside a tunnel - Google Patents
Method and means for inserting emergency messages in a DAB Ensemble inside a tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- EP2854314A1 EP2854314A1 EP14183426.7A EP14183426A EP2854314A1 EP 2854314 A1 EP2854314 A1 EP 2854314A1 EP 14183426 A EP14183426 A EP 14183426A EP 2854314 A1 EP2854314 A1 EP 2854314A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
- H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
- H04H20/02—Arrangements for relaying broadcast information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
- H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
- H04H20/02—Arrangements for relaying broadcast information
- H04H20/06—Arrangements for relaying broadcast information among broadcast stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
- H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
- H04H20/10—Arrangements for replacing or switching information during the broadcast or the distribution
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
- H04H20/00—Arrangements for broadcast or for distribution combined with broadcast
- H04H20/53—Arrangements specially adapted for specific applications, e.g. for traffic information or for mobile receivers
- H04H20/59—Arrangements specially adapted for specific applications, e.g. for traffic information or for mobile receivers for emergency or urgency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04H—BROADCAST COMMUNICATION
- H04H2201/00—Aspects of broadcast communication
- H04H2201/10—Aspects of broadcast communication characterised by the type of broadcast system
- H04H2201/20—Aspects of broadcast communication characterised by the type of broadcast system digital audio broadcasting [DAB]
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for exchanging content in a DAB ensemble to form local windows within a common wave network, which is particularly suitable for alerting in a tunnel.
- the invention further relates to a device for this purpose.
- a DAB receiver is able to decode two identical overlapping DAB signals with different runtime error-free, as long as the delay difference is less than or equal to the Guard Interval.
- the so-called Guard Interval is a protective distance between two consecutive DAB symbols and is in the Transmission mode I approx. 246 ⁇ s, in mode II approx. 62 ⁇ s, in mode III approx. 31 ⁇ s and in mode IV approx. 123us.
- ETI Assemblye Transport Interface
- the thus formed local ETI data stream is distributed to the DAB transmitters of the local area and the global ETI data stream to the DAB transmitters of the global area. Since the localization of the content requires a non-negligible processing time, the broadcast of the global ensemble must be delayed by this processing time. This can be done by an explicit delay element or distributed over all DAB transmitters by using the time stamp technique. This method is commonly used in the art.
- the so-called Ensemble Multiplexer (101) combines the audio and data services to be broadcast jointly within an ensemble into an ensemble in the form of the Ensemble Transport Interface (ETI) defined in European Telecommunication Standard ETSI ETS 300 799 ed.1 (1997-09).
- ETI Ensemble Transport Interface
- This frame-oriented data stream is distributed via the ETI distribution network (102) to the DAB transmitters (103).
- the incoming ETI frames are adapted in the DAB transmitter in a manner not shown via a dynamic or static delay to the timing requirements for synchrony in the DAB single-frequency network, converted by a COFDM modulator in DAB frames and a mixer with the following output stage on the desired frequency as a global ensemble (105) broadcast.
- the global ensemble is passed as an ETI data stream to a local multiplexer (108). This replaces individual sub-channels and FIBs with local content (109).
- the thus-located ETI data stream is distributed over the local ETI distribution network (110) to one or more local DAB transmitters (111) and broadcast by them as a local ensemble (106) on the same frequency as that of the global ensemble.
- an overlap area (107) results, in which the global and local ensembles overlap partially destructively.
- an overlapping DAB receiver (104) can only receive the contents contained in both the global and local ensembles.
- Fig. 2 shows the schematic structure of a DAB repeater with voice response for the supply of a tunnel with DAB signals according to the prior art.
- a global DAB signal outside the tunnel by means of directional antenna (201) is received and fed via a distributor (202) to a frequency-selective amplifier (203) and to a DAB receiving module (207).
- the amplifier (203) filters the global DAB signal and amplifies it to a predefined level by means of automatic gain control and outputs it as a regenerated DAB signal (204).
- the DAB receiving module (207) demodulates the supplied global DAB signal and outputs the decoded FIC (209). In addition, it generates in a manner not shown a synchronization signal (208), which is used in the local multiplexer (210) and in the DAB micro-power transmitter (212) for temporal synchronization of each frame generated.
- the FIC (209) is used by the local multiplexer (210) to reconstruct the sub-channel configuration of the global DAB signal.
- the sub-channel configuration defines for each sub-channel its identifier, the data rate, the start address, the error protection and the content type.
- the audio encoders (216) for each sub-channel in terms of data rate and audio standard are configured by the local multiplexer.
- the alarm message (214) is distributed via a distributor (215) to the audio encoders (theoretically up to 64, practically about 20 audio encoders) and compressed by them to the respectively set data rate.
- the local multiplexer forms a local ensemble which has the same logical structure as that of the global DAB signal.
- the local ensemble is handed over as the ETI data stream (211) to the DAB micro-power transmitter (212).
- the incoming ETI frames are adjusted in the DAB micro-power transmitter (212) in a manner not shown to the timing requirements for synchronism in the DAB single-frequency network, converted by a COFDM modulator into DAB frames and a mixer stage with the following output stage at the desired frequency output as DAB signal (213).
- a switch (205) can be used to switch over from the regenerated global DAB signal (204) to the local DAB signal (213).
- the respectively selected DAB signal is possibly further amplified and irradiated via one or more antennas (206) in the region of the tunnel.
- a DAB receiver located in the tunnel can thus receive either the global DAB signal or the local DAB signal with alarm messages depending on the risk situation.
- the application of a local multiplexer also requires the addition of the global ensemble to it. However, this additional effort is very impractical for small and medium-sized local windows, also resulting in permanent operating and rental costs for the cable feed.
- EP 2 461 610 discloses a method of broadcasting emergency information relevant only to a particular region. There is a first, general broadcasting mode for digital broadcasting signals and a second broadcasting mode for emergency information, both of which are transmitted as an ETI data stream. When an emergency information is present, the second mode is automatically selected by means of a changeover switch and the emergency information is transmitted via an RF transmitter.
- the emergency information is encoded in the method and converted to a predetermined bit rate that is less than the smallest bit rate of the broadcast signals of the first mode. Furthermore, stuffing bits are inserted into the emergency information stream which is the difference of the predetermined ones Balancing the bit rate to the bit rates of the digital broadcast signals.
- DE 197 44 420 discloses a method for locating DAB content which dispenses with the supply of the global ensemble as an ETI data stream and instead uses a modified COFDM modulator in the DAB transmitter which is synchronized to the global DAB signal with respect to the DAB frames and only the CU's of the content to be exchanged. At the points of the CU's, which should not be changed, no RF signal is sent out. A DAB receiver accordingly receives both localized and non-localized content in the area of the local transmitter transmission.
- WO 2006/035242 discloses a method similar DE 197 44 420 which also dispenses with the supply of the global ensemble as an ETI data stream and instead uses a frequency selective amplifier with automatic gain control and a DAB receiver.
- the frequency-selective amplifier is used to condition and feed the global DAB signal into the local area of the local window. This method is widely used in the art and is known as repeater.
- the DAB receiver receives the global DAB signal and derives therefrom configuration and synchronization information for the local multiplexer.
- the local multiplexer creates an alternative ensemble in which the original sub-channel contents e.g. be replaced by alarm messages, using a separate audio encoder for each audio sub-channel.
- the local ensemble thus generated is temporarily broadcast in the area of the local window of, for example, a car tunnel during a dangerous situation as an alternative to the global ensemble.
- the object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art.
- an improved method for locating content in a DAB common wave network suitable for signaling alarm information in a tunnel or local windows.
- the proposed method makes it possible to reduce the number of audio encoders to one per audio standard.
- the alarm message is first compressed per audio standard used to the lowest audio data rate within the DAB ensemble. Only when you key in the sub-channel of the already compressed audio stream is adjusted by simply inserting filler data to the respective data rate of the sub-channel.
- the invention is based on the consideration that although the audio subchannels to be replaced have different data rates, the same audio message is to be transmitted.
- the quality of the audio message is of secondary importance for the purpose of alerting, so that even low data rates, ie high compressions of the audio data stream with reduced audio quality, are permissible.
- inserting stuffing data is much easier than audio compression for a variety of subchannels.
- no additional frequency-selective amplifier with automatic gain control is required to temporarily broadcast the global ensemble into the area of the local window.
- the digital reception branch and the digital transmission branch for the global DAB signal and the local DAB signal are shared.
- the method according to the invention can be used in DAB single-frequency networks both for supplying a tunnel with alarm messages and a local window. In addition to the feeding of alarm messages, the Methods are also used to feed general local information.
- the specified method has over the previously known solutions has the advantage that per audio standard, only an audio encoder for compression of the alarm messages is necessary and the usual analog frequency-selective amplifier is replaced by digital modules.
- Fig. 3 schematically shows an embodiment of the inventive method for exchanging content in a DAB ensemble for alerting in a tunnel.
- a global DAB signal is received outside the tunnel by means of a directional antenna (301) and amplified, filtered and digitized via a digital IQ demodulator (302).
- the thus prepared DAB baseband is in the form of digital IQ data (303 ) in front.
- the transmission mode (305) is determined by means of the transmission mode detector (304) by evaluating the zero symbol length.
- a zero symbol detector (306) determines the beginning of the zero symbol and thus the beginning of the DAB frames in the digital IQ data (303).
- the beginning of the zero symbol is marked by a pulse (307).
- the pulse (307) Via a delay element (331), the pulse (307) is so delayed and output as a start pulse (332) that the start pulse (332) falls to the beginning of the next zero symbol.
- the duration of the delay depends on the transmission mode and is 96 ms in mode I, 24 ms in mode II, 24 ms in mode III and 48 ms in mode IV.
- Deviations in the sampling rate or frequency deviations (309) are determined by analysis (308) of the phase reference symbol within the digital IQ data (303), for example by autocorrelation or correlation with the known sequence for the phase reference symbol.
- An oscillator (338) provides the system clocks (339 and 340) for the digital IQ demodulator (302) and the digital IQ modulator (336).
- the manipulated variable (309) adjusts the oscillator accordingly in case of frequency deviation.
- An FIC demodulator (310) demodulates the FIC symbols in the digital IQ data (303).
- the demodulated FIC contains basic configuration information about the DAB ensemble. Due to the system, the FIC is delayed compared to the DAB signal (301) and must be corrected accordingly.
- the CIF count contained in FIG. 0/0 is increased by the value of N by means of the first FIC processing unit (311), and the reconfiguration possibly signaled in the FIC is shortened by N CIF frames by the second FIC processing unit (312) ,
- the value of N is preferably chosen so that N * 24ms is greater than or equal to the total delay time of the FIC.
- the third FIC processing unit (313) extracts the ensemble configuration (MCI) from the FIC and stores it in the MCI database (320). From the data collected therein, all audio data rates (321) and the audio standards used are determined. Furthermore, a list of audio sub-channel configuration data (322) and a list of data sub-channel configuration data (323) is provided. created. A generator (328) provides matching fill data (329) for each data sub-channel according to the configuration (323).
- the alarm message (315) is routed via a distributor (316) to the audio encoders (317, 318, 319), with only one encoder per audio standard.
- Each audio encoder (317, 318, 319) compresses the alarm message to the lowest data rate available in the ensemble or even lower data rate.
- the thus compressed alarm messages are propagated in the first audio processing unit (324) and adjusted by inserting padding data to the respective data rate according to the configuration (321). From these reformatted alarm messages (325), for each audio sub-channel, the second audio processing unit (326) selects the appropriate alarm message with the appropriate data rate and audio standard according to the configuration (322).
- the fourth FIC processing unit (314) replaces the textual information contained in the FIC 1/1, FIG / 3 .
- FIG 1/4, FIG 1/5 and FIG 1/6 by appropriate textual hints and passes the thus modified FIC (330) to the COFDM modulator (333).
- the COFDM modulator (333) combines the FIC (330), the data subchannels (329) and the audio subchannels (327) and performs the baseband modulation, using the manipulated variable frequency correction (309). and the transmission mode.
- the baseband thus modulated becomes digital as a stream IQ data (334) output, wherein the output of the contained zero symbol only starts with the start pulse (332).
- the digital IQ data (303) of the global DAB signal or the IQ data (334) of the local DAB signal are selected via the changeover switch (335), wherein a changeover during the zero symbol avoids interference.
- the selected by the switch (335) digital IQ data stream is digitally filtered by the digital IQ modulator (336), mixed to the frequency of the DAB single-frequency network and output analog.
- the thus generated analog DAB signal (337) is optionally further amplified and radiated via one or more antennas in the region of the tunnel.
- a DAB receiver located in the tunnel can thus receive either the global DAB signal or the local DAB signal with alarm messages depending on the risk situation.
- FIG. 3 An embodiment of the device according to the invention is in Fig. 3 marked with reference numeral (300).
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Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Einblenden von Alarmmeldungen in einem DAB-Ensemble insbesondere innerhalb eines Tunnels. Das Verfahren sieht dabei vor, dass in dem DAB-Gleichwellennetz globale DAB-Signale als DAB-Ensemble ausgestrahlt werden und ein im DAB-Gleichwellennetz betriebener Sender die globalen DAB-Signale des DAB-Gleichwellennetzes netzsynchron mit einem erzeugten DAB-Signal überstrahlt, dessen Konfiguration aus dem FIC des globalen DAB-Signals abgeleitet wird, wobei das Verfahren die Schritte umfasst:
(a) Verteilen (316) der einzublendenden Alarmmeldung (315) auf Audio-Encoder (317, 318, 319), die jeweils genau einen der im DAB-Ensemble enthaltenen Audio-Standards umfassen;
(b) Komprimieren der verteilten Alarmmeldung mittels der Audio-Encoder (317, 318, 319) auf eine Datenrate, die kleiner oder gleich der niedrigsten im DAB-Ensemble vorkommenden Audio-Datenrate ist;
(c) Reformatieren (324) der komprimierten Alarmmeldungen von Schritt (b) auf jede im DAB-Ensemble vorkommende Audio-Datenrate (321);
(d) Auswahl (326) jeweils einer reformatierten Alarmmeldung (325) aus Schritt (c) pro Audio-Sub-Channel, welche die gleiche Datenrate und den gleichen Audio-Standard wie der jeweilige Audio-Sub-Channel besitzt; und
(e) Einblenden der in Schritt (d) ausgewählten Alarmmeldungen (327) in die jeweiligen Audio-Sub-Channels.
The invention relates to a method and a device for displaying alarm messages in a DAB ensemble, in particular within a tunnel. The method provides that in the DAB single-frequency network global DAB signals are broadcast as a DAB ensemble and a transmitter operated in the DAB single-frequency network outshines the global DAB signals of the DAB single-frequency network in line with a generated DAB signal whose configuration is derived from the FIC of the global DAB signal, the method comprising the steps of:
(a) distributing (316) the alert message (315) to be displayed on audio encoders (317, 318, 319) each comprising exactly one of the audio standards included in the DAB ensemble;
(b) compressing the distributed alarm message by the audio encoders (317, 318, 319) to a data rate that is less than or equal to the lowest audio data rate occurring in the DAB ensemble;
(c) reformatting (324) the compressed alarm messages of step (b) to each audio data rate (321) occurring in the DAB ensemble;
(d) selecting (326) each a reformatted alarm message (325) from step (c) per audio sub-channel having the same data rate and audio standard as the respective audio sub-channel; and
(e) displaying the alarm messages (327) selected in step (d) in the respective audio sub-channels.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Austausch von Inhalten in einem DAB-Ensemble zur Bildung lokaler Fenster innerhalb eines Gleichwellennetzes, welches insbesondere für eine Alarmierung in einem Tunnel geeignet ist. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Vorrichtung für diesen Zweck.The invention relates to a method for exchanging content in a DAB ensemble to form local windows within a common wave network, which is particularly suitable for alerting in a tunnel. The invention further relates to a device for this purpose.
Aus umfangreichen Pilotprojekten und Feldversuchen ist es bekannt, dass zur Bildung von sogenannten lokalen Fenstern in einem DAB-Gleichwellennetz (
Bekannt ist auch, dass ein DAB-Empfänger in der Lage ist, zwei gleiche sich überlagernde DAB-Signale mit unterschiedlicher Laufzeit fehlerfrei zu dekodieren, so lange der Laufzeitunterschied kleiner oder gleich dem Guard Interval ist. Das sogenannte Guard Interval ist ein Schutzabstand zwischen zwei aufeinander folgenden DAB-Symbolen und beträgt im Transmission Mode I ca. 246µs, im Mode II ca. 62µs, im Mode III ca. 31µs und im Mode IV ca. 123us.It is also known that a DAB receiver is able to decode two identical overlapping DAB signals with different runtime error-free, as long as the delay difference is less than or equal to the Guard Interval. The so-called Guard Interval is a protective distance between two consecutive DAB symbols and is in the Transmission mode I approx. 246μs, in mode II approx. 62μs, in mode III approx. 31μs and in mode IV approx. 123us.
In der Praxis wird zur Bildung eines lokalen Fensters der Inhalt der Sub-Channels und der FIB's im ETI-Datenstrom (ETI = Ensemble Transport Interface) des globalen Ensembles durch lokale Inhalte ersetzt. Der so gebildete lokale ETI-Datenstrom wird an die DAB-Sender des lokalen Gebiets verteilt und der globale ETI-Datenstrom an die DAB-Sender des globalen Gebiets. Da die Lokalisierung der Inhalte eine nicht vernachlässigbare Verarbeitungszeit erfordert, muss die Aussendung des globalen Ensembles um diese Verarbeitungszeit verzögert werden. Dies kann durch ein explizites Verzögerungsglied oder verteilt über alle DAB-Sender durch Anwendung der Zeitstempeltechnik erfolgen. Dieses Verfahren findet in der Technik allgemeine Anwendung.In practice, to form a local window, the content of the sub-channels and FIBs in the global ensemble's ETI (Ensemble Transport Interface) data stream (ETI) is replaced by local content. The thus formed local ETI data stream is distributed to the DAB transmitters of the local area and the global ETI data stream to the DAB transmitters of the global area. Since the localization of the content requires a non-negligible processing time, the broadcast of the global ensemble must be delayed by this processing time. This can be done by an explicit delay element or distributed over all DAB transmitters by using the time stamp technique. This method is commonly used in the art.
Der schematische Aufbau eines DAB-Gleichwellennetzes mit einem lokalen Fenster wird unter Bezugnahme auf
Für die Bildung eines lokalen Fensters wird zusätzlich das globale Ensemble als ETI-Datenstrom an einen lokalen Multiplexer (108) geführt. Dieser ersetzt einzelne Sub-Channel und FIB's durch lokale Inhalte (109). Der so lokalisierte ETI-Datenstrom wird über das lokale ETI-Verteilnetzwerk (110) an einen oder mehrere lokale DAB-Sender (111) verteilt und von diesen als lokales Ensemble (106) auf derselben Frequenz wie die des globalen Ensembles ausgestrahlt.In addition, for the formation of a local window, the global ensemble is passed as an ETI data stream to a local multiplexer (108). This replaces individual sub-channels and FIBs with local content (109). The thus-located ETI data stream is distributed over the local ETI distribution network (110) to one or more local DAB transmitters (111) and broadcast by them as a local ensemble (106) on the same frequency as that of the global ensemble.
Verfahrensbedingt ergibt sich ein Überlappungsgebiet (107), in dem sich das globale und lokale Ensemble teilweise destruktiv überlappen. Dies führt dazu, dass ein im Überlappungsgebiet befindlicher DAB-Empfänger (104) nur die Inhalte empfangen kann, die sowohl im globalen als auch im lokalen Ensemble enthalten sind.Due to the process, an overlap area (107) results, in which the global and local ensembles overlap partially destructively. As a result, an overlapping DAB receiver (104) can only receive the contents contained in both the global and local ensembles.
Das DAB-Empfangsmodul (207) demoduliert das zugeführte globale DAB-Signal und gibt den dekodierten FIC (209) aus. Zusätzlich erzeugt er in nicht näher dargestellter Weise ein Synchronisationssignal (208), welches im lokalen Multiplexer (210) und im DAB-Kleinstleistungssender (212) zur zeitlichen Synchronisation der jeweils erzeugten Rahmen verwendet wird.The DAB receiving module (207) demodulates the supplied global DAB signal and outputs the decoded FIC (209). In addition, it generates in a manner not shown a synchronization signal (208), which is used in the local multiplexer (210) and in the DAB micro-power transmitter (212) for temporal synchronization of each frame generated.
Der FIC (209) wird vom lokalen Multiplexer (210) verwendet, um die Sub-Channel-Konfiguration des globalen DAB-Signals wieder zu rekonstruieren. Die Sub-Channel-Konfiguration legt für jeden Sub-Channel dessen Identifier, die Datenrate, die Startadresse, den Fehlerschutz und den Inhaltstyp fest. Basierend darauf werden die Audio-Encoder (216) für jeden Sub-Channel bzgl. Datenrate und Audio-Standard (DAB-Musicam, DAB-Plus oder DMB) vom lokalen Multiplexer konfiguriert.The FIC (209) is used by the local multiplexer (210) to reconstruct the sub-channel configuration of the global DAB signal. The sub-channel configuration defines for each sub-channel its identifier, the data rate, the start address, the error protection and the content type. Based on this, the audio encoders (216) for each sub-channel in terms of data rate and audio standard (DAB-Musicam, DAB-Plus or DMB) are configured by the local multiplexer.
Die Alarmmeldung (214) wird über einen Verteiler (215) an die Audio-Encoder (theoretisch bis zu 64, praktisch ca. 20 Audio-Encoder) verteilt und von diesen auf die jeweils eingestellte Datenrate komprimiert. Der lokale Multiplexer bildet daraus ein lokales Ensemble, welches den gleichen logischen Aufbau wie das des globalen DAB-Signals besitzt. Das lokale Ensemble wird als ETI-Datenstrom (211) an den DAB-Kleinstleistungssender (212) übergeben. Die einlaufenden ETI-Rahmen werden im DAB-Kleinstleistungssender (212) in nicht dargestellter Weise an die Zeitanforderungen für die Synchronität im DAB-Gleichwellennetz angepasst, durch einen COFDM-Modulator in DAB-Rahmen umgewandelt und über eine Mischstufe mit folgender Endstufe auf der gewünschten Frequenz als DAB-Signal (213) ausgegeben.The alarm message (214) is distributed via a distributor (215) to the audio encoders (theoretically up to 64, practically about 20 audio encoders) and compressed by them to the respectively set data rate. The local multiplexer forms a local ensemble which has the same logical structure as that of the global DAB signal. The local ensemble is handed over as the ETI data stream (211) to the DAB micro-power transmitter (212). The incoming ETI frames are adjusted in the DAB micro-power transmitter (212) in a manner not shown to the timing requirements for synchronism in the DAB single-frequency network, converted by a COFDM modulator into DAB frames and a mixer stage with the following output stage at the desired frequency output as DAB signal (213).
Über einen Umschalter (205) kann im Fall einer Gefahrensituation vom regenerierten globalen DAB-Signal (204) auf das lokale DAB-Signal (213) umgeschaltet werden. Das jeweils selektierte DAB-Signal wird ggf. weiter verstärkt und über eine oder mehrere Antennen (206) in den Bereich des Tunnels eingestrahlt. Ein im Tunnel befindlicher DAB-Empfänger kann somit je nach Gefahrenlage entweder das globale DAB-Signal oder das lokale DAB-Signal mit Alarmmeldungen empfangen. Die Anwendung eines lokalen Multiplexers erfordert zusätzlich die Zuführung des globalen Ensembles zu diesem. Dieser zusätzliche Aufwand ist für kleine und mittelgroße lokale Fenster jedoch sehr unpraktikabel, zudem entstehen dadurch dauerhafte Betriebs- und Mietkosten für die Leitungszuführung.In the event of a dangerous situation, a switch (205) can be used to switch over from the regenerated global DAB signal (204) to the local DAB signal (213). The respectively selected DAB signal is possibly further amplified and irradiated via one or more antennas (206) in the region of the tunnel. A DAB receiver located in the tunnel can thus receive either the global DAB signal or the local DAB signal with alarm messages depending on the risk situation. The application of a local multiplexer also requires the addition of the global ensemble to it. However, this additional effort is very impractical for small and medium-sized local windows, also resulting in permanent operating and rental costs for the cable feed.
Die Notfallinformation wird bei dem Verfahren codiert und auf eine vorbestimmte Bitrate umgesetzt, die kleiner ist als die kleinste Bitrate der Rundfunksignale des ersten Modus. Des Weiteren werden Füll-Bits in den Notfallinformations-Datenstrom eingefügt, die die Differenz der vorbestimmten Bitrate zu den Bitraten der digitalen Rundfunksignale ausgleichen.The emergency information is encoded in the method and converted to a predetermined bit rate that is less than the smallest bit rate of the broadcast signals of the first mode. Furthermore, stuffing bits are inserted into the emergency information stream which is the difference of the predetermined ones Balancing the bit rate to the bit rates of the digital broadcast signals.
Nachteil der in
Nachteil der in
Der DAB-Empfänger empfängt das globale DAB-Signal und leitet daraus Konfigurations- und Synchronisationsinformationen für den lokalen Multiplexer ab. Der lokale Multiplexer erzeugt ein alternatives Ensemble, in dem die ursprünglichen Sub-Channel Inhalte z.B. durch Alarmmeldungen ersetzt werden, wobei für jeden Audio-Sub-Channel ein eigener Audio-Encoder verwendet wird. Das so erzeugte lokale Ensemble wird zeitweise in den Bereich des lokalen Fensters beispielsweise eines Autotunnels während einer Gefahrensituation alternativ zum globalen Ensemble ausgestrahlt.The DAB receiver receives the global DAB signal and derives therefrom configuration and synchronization information for the local multiplexer. The local multiplexer creates an alternative ensemble in which the original sub-channel contents e.g. be replaced by alarm messages, using a separate audio encoder for each audio sub-channel. The local ensemble thus generated is temporarily broadcast in the area of the local window of, for example, a car tunnel during a dangerous situation as an alternative to the global ensemble.
Nachteil der in
Ist es also für das Einblenden einer Alarmmeldung in einem DAB-Signal erforderlich, die Audio-Inhalte aller Audio-Sub-Channel zu ersetzen, so ist dazu bisher mindestens pro Datenrate und pro Audio-Standard ein separater Audio-Encoder notwendig. Diese Vielzahl von Audio-Encodern stellt besonders in großen und komplexen DAB-Ensembles ein erhebliches Kostenproblem dar.So if it is necessary for the display of an alarm message in a DAB signal to replace the audio content of all audio sub-channel, so far at least per data rate and per audio standard, a separate audio encoder is necessary. This variety of audio encoders is a significant cost issue, especially in large and complex DAB ensembles.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die Nachteile nach dem Stand der Technik zu beseitigen. Es wird insbesondere ein verbessertes Verfahren zur Lokalisierung von Inhalten in einem DAB-Gleichwellennetz angegeben, welches zur Signalisierung von Alarminformationen in einem Tunnel oder lokalen Fenstern geeignet ist.The object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, there is provided an improved method for locating content in a DAB common wave network suitable for signaling alarm information in a tunnel or local windows.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 und 8 gelöst. Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der Erfindungen ergeben sich aus den Merkmalen der Unteransprüche.This object is solved by the features of
Nach Maßgabe der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zum Einblenden von Alarmmeldungen innerhalb eines DAB-Gleichwellennetzes, insbesondere innerhalb eines Tunnels, vorgesehen, wobei in dem DAB-Gleichwellennetz globale DAB-Signale als DAB-Ensemble ausgestrahlt werden und ein im DAB-Gleichwellennetz betriebener Sender die globalen DAB-Signale des DAB-Gleichwellennetzes netzsynchron mit einem erzeugten DAB-Signal überstrahlt, dessen Konfiguration aus dem FIC des globalen DAB-Signals abgeleitet wird. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren umfasst die Schritte:
- (a) Verteilen (316) der einzublendenden Alarmmeldung (315) auf Audio-Encoder (317, 318, 319), die jeweils genau einen der im DAB-Ensemble enthaltenen Audio-Standards umfassen;
- (b) Komprimieren der verteilten Alarmmeldung mittels der Audio-Encoder (317, 318, 319) auf eine Datenrate, die kleiner oder gleich der niedrigsten im DAB-Ensemble vorkommenden Audio-Datenrate ist;
- (c) Reformatieren (324) der komprimierten Alarmmeldungen aus Schritt (b) auf jede im DAB-Ensemble vorkommende Audio-Datenrate (321), insbesondere durch Einfügen von Fülldaten;
- (d) Auswahl (326) jeweils einer reformatierten Alarmmeldung (325) aus Schritt (c) pro Audio-Sub-Channel, welche die gleiche Datenrate und den gleichen Audio-Standard wie der jeweilige Audio-Sub-Channel besitzt; und
- (e) Einblenden der im Schritt (d) ausgewählten Alarmmeldungen (327) in die jeweiligen Audio-Sub-Channels.
- (a) distributing (316) the alert message (315) to be displayed on audio encoders (317, 318, 319) each comprising exactly one of the audio standards included in the DAB ensemble;
- (b) compressing the distributed alarm message by the audio encoders (317, 318, 319) to a data rate that is less than or equal to the lowest audio data rate occurring in the DAB ensemble;
- (c) reformatting (324) the compressed alarm messages from step (b) to each audio data rate (321) occurring in the DAB ensemble, in particular by inserting padding data;
- (d) selecting (326) each a reformatted alarm message (325) from step (c) per audio sub-channel having the same data rate and audio standard as the respective audio sub-channel; and
- (e) displaying the alarm messages (327) selected in step (d) in the respective audio sub-channels.
Das vorgeschlagene Verfahren ermöglicht es, die Anzahl von Audio-Encodern auf einen pro Audio-Standard zu reduzieren. Dazu wird die Alarmmeldung zunächst pro verwendeten Audio-Standard auf die niedrigste Audio-Datenrate innerhalb des DAB-Ensembles komprimiert. Erst beim Eintasten in die Sub-Channel wird der bereits komprimierte Audio-Datenstrom durch einfaches Einfügen von Fülldaten an die jeweilige Datenrate der Sub-Channel angepasst.The proposed method makes it possible to reduce the number of audio encoders to one per audio standard. For this purpose, the alarm message is first compressed per audio standard used to the lowest audio data rate within the DAB ensemble. Only when you key in the sub-channel of the already compressed audio stream is adjusted by simply inserting filler data to the respective data rate of the sub-channel.
Die Erfindung beruht auf der Überlegung, dass die zu ersetzenden Audio-Sub-Channels zwar unterschiedliche Datenraten besitzen, jedoch die gleiche Audio-Nachricht übertragen werden soll. Die Qualität der Audio-Nachricht ist für den Anwendungszweck Alarmierung jedoch von untergeordneter Bedeutung, so dass auch geringe Datenraten also hohe Kompressionen des Audio-Datenstroms mit verminderter Audio-Qualität zulässig sind. Demnach wäre es zulässig, die Audio-Nachricht mit einem einzigen Audio-Encoder auf eine niedrige Datenrate mit akzeptablem Qualitätsverlust zu komprimieren und erst beim Eintasten in die Audio-Sub-Channel die Datenrate der komprimierten Audio-Nachricht durch Einfügen von Fülldaten auf die Datenrate des jeweiligen Audio-Sub-Channels zu erhöhen. Entscheidend dabei ist, dass das Einfügen von Fülldaten wesentlich einfacher ist als eine Audio-Kompression für eine Vielzahl von Sub-Channels.The invention is based on the consideration that although the audio subchannels to be replaced have different data rates, the same audio message is to be transmitted. However, the quality of the audio message is of secondary importance for the purpose of alerting, so that even low data rates, ie high compressions of the audio data stream with reduced audio quality, are permissible. Accordingly, it would be permissible to compress the audio message with a single audio encoder to a low data rate with acceptable quality loss and only when keyed into the audio sub-channel the data rate of the compressed audio message by inserting fill data on the data rate of the respective audio sub-channels. Crucially, inserting stuffing data is much easier than audio compression for a variety of subchannels.
Gemäß der Erfindung wird zudem kein zusätzlicher frequenzselektiver Verstärker mit automatischer Verstärkungsregelung benötigt, um zeitweise das globale Ensemble in den Bereich des lokalen Fensters auszustrahlen. Stattdessen werden erfindungsgemäß der digitale Empfangszweig und der digitale Sendezweig für das globale DAB-Signal sowie das lokale DAB-Signal gemeinsam genutzt.In addition, according to the invention, no additional frequency-selective amplifier with automatic gain control is required to temporarily broadcast the global ensemble into the area of the local window. Instead, according to the invention, the digital reception branch and the digital transmission branch for the global DAB signal and the local DAB signal are shared.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren kann in DAB-Gleichwellennetzen sowohl zur Versorgung eines Tunnels mit Alarmmeldungen als auch eines lokalen Fensters angewendet werden. Neben der Einspeisung von Alarmmeldungen kann das Verfahren auch zur Einspeisung allgemeiner lokaler Informationen verwendet werden.The method according to the invention can be used in DAB single-frequency networks both for supplying a tunnel with alarm messages and a local window. In addition to the feeding of alarm messages, the Methods are also used to feed general local information.
Das angegebene Verfahren hat gegenüber den bisher bekannten Lösungen den Vorteil, dass pro Audio-Standard nur ein Audio-Encoder zur Kompression der Alarmmeldungen notwendig ist und der sonst übliche analoge frequenzselektive Verstärker durch digitale Baugruppen ersetzt wird.The specified method has over the previously known solutions has the advantage that per audio standard, only an audio encoder for compression of the alarm messages is necessary and the usual analog frequency-selective amplifier is replaced by digital modules.
In einer Ausführungsform umfasst Schritt (e) des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens folgende Teilschritte:
- (e1) Empfang eines globalen DAB-Signals (301), Filterung, Demodulation und Wandlung in digitale IQ-Daten (303) mittels digitalem IQ-Demodulator (302), wobei die digitalen IQ-Daten das DAB-Basisbandsignal repräsentieren;
- (e2) Bestimmung des Transmissions-Modes (305) mittels Transmission-Mode-Detektor (304), durch Auswertung der Länge des Nullsymbols innerhalb der digitalen IQ-Daten (303) aus Teilschritt (e1);
- (e3) Erzeugen eines Impulses (307) mittels Null-Symbol-Detektor (306), der den Beginn des Nullsymbols innerhalb der digitalen IQ-Daten (303) aus Teilschritt (e1) markiert;
- (e4) Analyse (308) des Phasenreferenzsymbols innerhalb der digitalen IQ-Daten (303) aus Teilschritt (e1) und Ableiten eines Stellwertes (309) zur Frequenzkorrektur;
- (e5) Demodulation (310) des FIC innerhalb der digitalen IQ-Daten (303) aus Teilschritt (e1);
- (e6) Anpassen (311) der im FIC aus Teilschritt (e5) enthaltenen FIG 0/0, indem das Feld CIF-Count um eine Anzahl N erhöht wird, wobei N so gewählt wird, dass N*24ms größer oder gleich der Gesamtverarbeitungszeit für den FIC ist;
- (e7) Verkürzen (312) einer im FIC aus Teilschritt (e6) signalisierten Rekonfiguration um N CIF-Rahmen, wobei N dem Wert aus Teilschritt (e6) entspricht;
- (e8) Extrahieren (313) der Ensemble-Konfiguration (MCI) aus dem FIC des Teilschritts (e7) und Einfügen dieser in die MCI-Datenbank (320);
- (e9) Bestimmen der im DAB-Ensemble verwendeten Audio-Datenraten (321) und der Audio-Standards durch Auswerten der MCI-Datenbank (320) aus Teilschritt (e8);
- (e10) Bestimmen der Konfiguration (322) der im DAB-Ensemble enthaltenen Audio-Sub-Channel durch Auswerten der MCI-Datenbank (320) aus Teilschritt (e8);
- (e11) Bestimmen der Konfiguration (323) der im DAB-Ensemble enthaltenen Daten-Sub-Channel durch Auswerten der MCI-Datenbank (320) aus Teilschritt (e8);
- (e12) Generieren (328) von Fülldaten (329) für alle im DAB-Ensemble enthaltenen Daten-Sub-Channel, entsprechend der Konfiguration aus Teilschritt (e11);
- (e13) Optionales Austauschen (314) von Textinformationen der im FIC aus Teilschritt (e7) enthaltenen
FIG 1/0, FIG 1/1, FIG 1 /3 ,FIG 1/4, FIG 1/5 und FIG 1/6 ; - (e14) Verzögern des Impulses (307) aus Teilschritt (e3) durch ein Verzögerungsglied (331), so dass der ausgegebene Startimpuls (332) genau auf den Beginn des nächsten Nullsymbols fällt;
- (e15) Bilden des DAB-Basisbandsignals (334) in Form digitaler IQ-Daten mittels COFDM-Modulator (333), durch Zusammenfassen und Modulieren des im Teilschritt (e7) oder (e13) gewonnenen FIC (330), der im Teilschritt (e12) generierten Inhalte der Daten-Sub-Channels (329) sowie der im Schritt (d) gebildeten Inhalte der Audio-Sub-Channels, wobei der COFDM-Modulator (333) die Stellgrößen Transmission-Mode (305) und Frequenzkorrektur (309) einbezieht und das Nullsymbol des DAB-Basisbandsignals (334) erst mit dem Startimpuls (332) aus Teilschritt (e14) ausgibt.
- (e16) Umschalten zwischen den digitalen IQ-Daten (303) aus Teilschritt (e1) und den digitalen IQ-Daten (334) aus Teilschritt (e15) mittels Schalter (335) je nach Gefahrensituation - beispielsweise im Tunnel -, wobei die Umschaltung vorzugsweise innerhalb des Nullsymbols erfolgt;
- (e17) Digitale Filterung des in Teilschritt (e16) gewählten IQ-Datenstroms mit anschließender Modulation auf die Frequenz des DAB-Gleichwellennetzes mittels digitalem IQ-Modulator (336);
- (e18) Bilden von Taktsignalen (339, 340) für den digitalen IQ-Demodulator (302) und den digitalen IQ-Modulator (336) mittels Oszillator (338) und Korrektur von Frequenzabweichungen über den Stellwert (309) aus Teilschritt (e4);
- (e19) und Abstrahlen des im Teilschritt (e17) erzeugten DAB-Signals (337) in einen lokal begrenzten Bereich, insbesondere in den Bereich eines Tunnels.
- (e1) receiving a global DAB signal (301), filtering, demodulating and converting to digital IQ data (303) using digital IQ demodulator (302), the digital IQ data representing the DAB baseband signal;
- (e2) determining the transmission mode (305) by means of transmission mode detector (304), by evaluating the length of the zero symbol within the digital IQ data (303) from substep (e1);
- (e3) generating a pulse (307) by zero symbol detector (306) which marks the beginning of the null symbol within the digital IQ data (303) from substep (e1);
- (e4) analyzing (308) the phase reference symbol within the digital IQ data (303) from substep (e1) and deriving a manipulated variable (309) for frequency correction;
- (e5) demodulating (310) the FIC within the digital IQ data (303) from substep (e1);
- (e6) fitting (311) FIG 0/0 contained in the FIC of substep (e5) by incrementing the CIF Count field by a number N, where N is chosen such that N * 24ms is greater than or equal to the total processing time for the FIC is;
- (e7) shortening (312) a reconfiguration signaled in the FIC from substep (e6) by N CIF frames, where N corresponds to the value from substep (e6);
- (e8) extracting (313) the ensemble configuration (MCI) from the FIC of substep (e7) and inserting it into the MCI database (320);
- (e9) determining the audio data rates used in the DAB ensemble (321) and the audio standards by evaluating the MCI database (320) from substep (e8);
- (e10) determining the configuration (322) of the audio subchannels contained in the DAB ensemble by evaluating the MCI database (320) from substep (e8);
- (e11) determining the configuration (323) of the data subchannels contained in the DAB ensemble by evaluating the MCI database (320) from substep (e8);
- (e12) generating (328) fill data (329) for all data sub-channels included in the DAB ensemble, as configured in substep (e11);
- (e13) optionally exchanging (314) textual information contained in the FIC of substep (e7)
1/1, FIG /3 .FIG 1/4, FIG 1/5 and FIG 1/6 ; - (e14) delaying the pulse (307) from substep (e3) by a delay element (331) so that the output start pulse (332) falls precisely at the beginning of the next null symbol;
- (e15) forming the DAB baseband signal (334) in the form of digital IQ data by means of COFDM modulator (333), by combining and modulating the FIC (330) obtained in substep (e7) or (e13), which in substep (e12 ) generated content of the data sub-channels (329) and the contents of the audio sub-channels formed in step (d), wherein the COFDM modulator (333) the manipulated variables transmission mode (305) and frequency correction (309) and outputs the zero symbol of the DAB baseband signal (334) only with the start pulse (332) of substep (e14).
- (e16) Switching between the digital IQ data (303) from sub-step (e1) and the digital IQ data (334) from sub-step (e15) by means of switches (335) depending on the dangerous situation - for example in the tunnel -, wherein the switching preferably takes place within the null symbol;
- (e17) digital filtering of the IQ data stream selected in sub-step (e16) with subsequent modulation to the frequency of the DAB single-frequency network by means of digital IQ modulator (336);
- (e18) forming clock signals (339, 340) for the digital IQ demodulator (302) and the digital IQ modulator (336) by means of oscillator (338) and correction of frequency deviations over the set value (309) from substep (e4);
- (e19) and emitting the DAB signal (337) generated in sub-step (e17) into a locally limited area, in particular into the area of a tunnel.
Nach Maßgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ferner eine Vorrichtung zum Einblenden von Alarmmeldungen innerhalb eines DAB-Gleichwellennetzes, insbesondere innerhalb eines Tunnels, vorgesehen, wobei in dem DAB-Gleichwellennetz globale DAB-Signale als DAB-Ensemble ausgestrahlt werden und ein im DAB-Gleichwellennetz betriebener Sender die globalen Signale des DAB-Gleichwellennetzes netzsynchron mit einem erzeugten DAB-Signal überstrahlt, dessen Konfiguration aus dem FIC des globalen DAB-Signals abgeleitet wird. Die Vorrichtung umfasst
- (A) eine Einrichtung zum Verteilen (316) der einzublendenden Alarmmeldung (315);
- (B) genau einen Audio-Encoder (317, 318, 319) für jeden im DAB-Ensemble vorkommenden Audio-Standard, wobei diese die Alarmmeldung von (A) auf eine Datenrate komprimieren, die kleiner oder gleich der kleinsten im Ensemble vorkommenden Audio-Datenrate ist;
- (C) eine Verarbeitungseinheit (324) zum Reformatieren der komprimierten Alarmmeldungen von (B) auf jede im DAB-Ensemble vorkommende Audio-Datenrate mittels Einfügen von Fülldaten;
- (D) eine Verarbeitungseinheit zur Auswahl (326) jeweils einer reformatierten Alarmmeldung (325) von (C) pro Audio-Sub-Channel, welche die gleiche Datenrate und den gleichen Audio-Standard wie der jeweilige Audio-Sub-Channel besitzt; und
- (E) eine Verarbeitungseinheit zum Einblenden (333) der von (D) ausgewählten Alarmmeldungen (327) in die jeweiligen Audio-Sub-Channels.
- (A) means for distributing (316) the alarm message (315) to be displayed;
- (B) exactly one audio encoder (317, 318, 319) for each audio standard occurring in the DAB ensemble compressing the alarm message from (A) to a data rate that is less than or equal to the smallest of the ensemble's audio Data rate is;
- (C) a processing unit (324) for reformatting the compressed alarm messages of (B) to each audio data rate occurring in the DAB ensemble by inserting padding data;
- (D) a processing unit for selecting (326) each a reformatted alarm message (325) of (C) per audio sub-channel having the same data rate and audio standard as the respective audio sub-channel; and
- (E) a processing unit for fading (333) the alarm messages (327) selected by (D) into the respective audio sub-channels.
Nachfolgend werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- den schematischen Aufbau eines DAB-Gleichwellennetzes mit lokalem Fenster nach dem Stand der Technik,
- Fig. 2
- den schematischen Aufbau eines DAB-Repeaters mit Einsprechen nach dem Stand der Technik,
- Fig. 3
- eine Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Austausch von Inhalten in einem DAB-Ensemble zur Alarmierung in einem Tunnel.
- Fig. 1
- the schematic structure of a DAB common wave network with local window according to the prior art,
- Fig. 2
- the schematic structure of a DAB repeater with Einsprech in the prior art,
- Fig. 3
- an embodiment of the inventive method and apparatus for exchanging content in a DAB ensemble for alerting in a tunnel.
Aus den digitalen IQ-Daten (303) wird durch Beurteilung der Nullsymbollänge der Transmission Mode (305) mittels Transmission-Mode-Detektor (304) bestimmt.From the digital IQ data (303) the transmission mode (305) is determined by means of the transmission mode detector (304) by evaluating the zero symbol length.
Durch einen Nullsymbol-Detektor (306) wird der Anfang des Nullsymbols und damit der Beginn der DAB-Rahmen in den digitalen IQ-Daten (303) bestimmt. Dabei wird der Anfang des Nullsymbols durch einen Impuls (307) markiert. Über ein Verzögerungsglied (331) wird der Impuls (307) derart verzögert und als Startimpuls (332) ausgegeben, dass der Startimpuls (332) auf den Anfang des nächsten Nullsymbols fällt. Die Dauer der Verzögerung ist dabei vom Transmission-Mode abhängig und beträgt 96ms im Mode I, 24ms im Mode II, 24ms im Mode III und 48ms im Mode IV.A zero symbol detector (306) determines the beginning of the zero symbol and thus the beginning of the DAB frames in the digital IQ data (303). The beginning of the zero symbol is marked by a pulse (307). Via a delay element (331), the pulse (307) is so delayed and output as a start pulse (332) that the start pulse (332) falls to the beginning of the next zero symbol. The duration of the delay depends on the transmission mode and is 96 ms in mode I, 24 ms in mode II, 24 ms in mode III and 48 ms in mode IV.
Abweichungen bzgl. der Abtastrate bzw. Frequenzabweichungen (309) werden durch Analyse (308) des Phasenreferenzsymbols innerhalb der digitalen IQ-Daten (303) ermittelt, beispielsweise durch Autokorrelation bzw. Korrelation mit der bekannten Sequenz für das Phasenreferenzsymbol.Deviations in the sampling rate or frequency deviations (309) are determined by analysis (308) of the phase reference symbol within the digital IQ data (303), for example by autocorrelation or correlation with the known sequence for the phase reference symbol.
Ein Oszillator (338) liefert die Systemtakte (339 und 340) für den digitalen IQ-Demodulator (302) und den digitalen IQ-Modulator (336). Über den Stellwert (309) wird der Oszillator bei Frequenzabweichung entsprechend nachgeregelt.An oscillator (338) provides the system clocks (339 and 340) for the digital IQ demodulator (302) and the digital IQ modulator (336). The manipulated variable (309) adjusts the oscillator accordingly in case of frequency deviation.
Ein FIC-Demodulator (310) führt für die FIC-Symbole in den digitalen IQ-Daten (303) die Demodulation durch. Der so demodulierte FIC enthält grundlegende Konfigurationsinformationen über das DAB-Ensemble. Systembedingt ist der FIC gegenüber dem DAB-Signal (301) verzögert und muss entsprechend korrigiert werden. Dazu wird der in der FIG 0/0 enthaltene CIF-Count mittels erster FIC-Verarbeitungseinheit (311) um den Wert von N erhöht und die ggf. im FIC signalisierte Rekonfiguration um N CIF-Rahmen durch die zweite FIC-Verarbeitungseinheit (312) verkürzt. Der Wert für N wird dabei vorzugsweise so gewählt, dass N*24ms größer oder gleich der Gesamtverzögerungszeit des FIC ist.An FIC demodulator (310) demodulates the FIC symbols in the digital IQ data (303). The demodulated FIC contains basic configuration information about the DAB ensemble. Due to the system, the FIC is delayed compared to the DAB signal (301) and must be corrected accordingly. For this purpose, the CIF count contained in FIG. 0/0 is increased by the value of N by means of the first FIC processing unit (311), and the reconfiguration possibly signaled in the FIC is shortened by N CIF frames by the second FIC processing unit (312) , The value of N is preferably chosen so that N * 24ms is greater than or equal to the total delay time of the FIC.
Die dritte FIC-Verarbeitungseinheit (313) extrahiert die Ensemble-Konfiguration (MCI) aus dem FIC und speichert diese in der MCI-Datenbank (320) ab. Aus den darin gesammelten Daten werden alle Audio-Datenraten (321) und die verwendeten Audio-Standards bestimmt. Des Weiteren wird eine Liste mit Konfigurationsdaten der Audio-Sub-Channel (322) und eine Liste mit Konfigurationsdaten der Daten-Sub-Channel (323) erstellt. Ein Generator (328) liefert entsprechend der Konfiguration (323) für jeden Daten-Sub-Channel passende Fülldaten (329).The third FIC processing unit (313) extracts the ensemble configuration (MCI) from the FIC and stores it in the MCI database (320). From the data collected therein, all audio data rates (321) and the audio standards used are determined. Furthermore, a list of audio sub-channel configuration data (322) and a list of data sub-channel configuration data (323) is provided. created. A generator (328) provides matching fill data (329) for each data sub-channel according to the configuration (323).
Die Alarmmeldung (315) wird über einen Verteiler (316) auf die Audio-Encoder (317, 318, 319) geführt, wobei für jeden Audio-Standard nur ein Encoder vorhanden ist. Jeder Audio-Encoder (317, 318, 319) komprimiert die Alarmmeldung auf die niedrigste im Ensemble vorhandene Datenrate oder eine noch geringere Datenrate. Die so komprimierten Alarmmeldungen werden in der ersten Audio-Verarbeitungseinheit (324) vermehrt und durch Einfügen von Fülldaten an die jeweilige Datenrate entsprechend der Konfiguration (321) angepasst. Aus diesen reformatierten Alarmmeldungen (325) wählt die zweite Audio-Verarbeitungseinheit (326) für jeden Audio-Sub-Channel die geeignete Alarmmeldung mit der passenden Datenrate und dem passenden Audio-Standard entsprechend der Konfiguration (322) aus.The alarm message (315) is routed via a distributor (316) to the audio encoders (317, 318, 319), with only one encoder per audio standard. Each audio encoder (317, 318, 319) compresses the alarm message to the lowest data rate available in the ensemble or even lower data rate. The thus compressed alarm messages are propagated in the first audio processing unit (324) and adjusted by inserting padding data to the respective data rate according to the configuration (321). From these reformatted alarm messages (325), for each audio sub-channel, the second audio processing unit (326) selects the appropriate alarm message with the appropriate data rate and audio standard according to the configuration (322).
Optional ersetzt die vierte FIC-Verarbeitungseinheit (314) die im FIC enthaltenen Textinformationen der
Der COFDM-Modulator (333) fasst den FIC (330), die Daten-Sub-Channel (329) und die Audio-Sub-Channel (327) zusammen und führt die Basisband-Modulation durch, wobei er den Stellwert Frequenzkorrektur (309) und den Transmission-Mode beachtet. Das so modulierte Basisband wird als Strom digitaler IQ-Daten (334) ausgegeben, wobei die Ausgabe des enthaltenen Nullsymbols erst mit dem Startimpuls (332) beginnt.The COFDM modulator (333) combines the FIC (330), the data subchannels (329) and the audio subchannels (327) and performs the baseband modulation, using the manipulated variable frequency correction (309). and the transmission mode. The baseband thus modulated becomes digital as a stream IQ data (334) output, wherein the output of the contained zero symbol only starts with the start pulse (332).
Über den Umschalter (335) werden je nach Gefahrensituation die digitalen IQ-Daten (303) des globalen DAB-Signals oder die IQ-Daten (334) des lokalen DAB-Signals ausgewählt, wobei eine Umschaltung während des Nullsymbols eine Störbeeinflussung vermeidet.Depending on the hazard situation, the digital IQ data (303) of the global DAB signal or the IQ data (334) of the local DAB signal are selected via the changeover switch (335), wherein a changeover during the zero symbol avoids interference.
Der vom Umschalter (335) ausgewählte digitale IQ-Datenstrom wird vom digitalen IQ-Modulator (336) digital gefiltert, auf die Frequenz des DAB-Gleichwellennetzes gemischt und analog ausgegeben. Das so erzeugte analoge DAB-Signal (337) wird ggf. weiter verstärkt und über eine oder mehrere Antennen in den Bereich des Tunnels eingestrahlt. Ein im Tunnel befindlicher DAB-Empfänger kann somit je nach Gefahrenlage entweder das globale DAB-Signal oder das lokale DAB-Signal mit Alarmmeldungen empfangen.The selected by the switch (335) digital IQ data stream is digitally filtered by the digital IQ modulator (336), mixed to the frequency of the DAB single-frequency network and output analog. The thus generated analog DAB signal (337) is optionally further amplified and radiated via one or more antennas in the region of the tunnel. A DAB receiver located in the tunnel can thus receive either the global DAB signal or the local DAB signal with alarm messages depending on the risk situation.
Eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist in
- DABDAB
- Digital Audio BroadcastingDigital Audio Broadcasting
- STISTI
-
Service Transport Interface
Das STI definiert ein Datenstromformat zur Übertragung der Audio- und Datendienste vom Studio bzw. Funkhaus zum zentralen Ensemble Multiplexer.Service Transport Interface
The STI defines a data stream format for the transmission of the audio and data services from the studio or broadcasting center to the central ensemble multiplexer. - ETIETI
-
Ensemble Transport Interface
Das ETI definiert ein Datenstromformat zur Übertragung des Ensembles vom Ensemble Multiplexer zu den Sendern.Ensemble Transport Interface
The EIT defines a stream format for the ensemble to be transmitted from the Ensemble Multiplexer to the broadcasters. - RDIRDI
-
Receiver Data Interface
Das RDI definiert ein Datenstromformat zur Übertragung der von einem DAB-Empfänger dekodierten Daten (FIC und Sub-Channel) zu externen Audio- bzw. Datendienstdekodern.Receiver Data Interface
The RDI defines a data stream format for transmitting the data decoded by a DAB receiver (FIC and sub-channel) to external audio or data service decoders. - EDIEDI
-
Encapsulation of DAB Interfaces
Das EDI ermöglicht die Übertragung von ETI und STI über IP-basierte Übertragungsstrecken.Encapsulation of DAB interfaces
The EDI enables the transmission of ETI and STI over IP-based transmission links. - FICFIC
-
Fast Information Channel
Der FIC ist ein spezieller Übertragungskanal innerhalb eines DAB-Signals. Er enthält insbesondere die MCI, die Service Information und die Ensemble Information. Der FIC ist in Form von FIB's organisiert.Fast Information Channel
The FIC is a special transmission channel within a DAB signal. It contains in particular the MCI, the Service Information and the Ensemble Information. The FIC is organized in the form of FIBs. - FIBFIB
-
Fast Information Block
Der FIB ist die Dateneinheit des FIC mit einer Länge von 32 Bytes. Er enthält dabei bis zu 30 Bytes für Nutzdaten und 2 Byte für eine Prüfsumme. Die Nutzdaten werden mit FIG's gefüllt.Fast Information Block
The FIB is the data unit of the FIC with a length of 32 bytes. It contains up to 30 bytes for user data and 2 bytes for a checksum. The user data is filled with FIG's. - FIGFIG
-
Fast Information Group
Die FIG ist eine Informationseinheit aus einem Satz vordefinierter Strukturen. Die FIG ist hierarchisch organisiert und wird nach Type und Extension unterschieden. Die FIG 0/0 enthält z.B. die Ensemble Information mit Ensemble ID und CIF-Count.Fast Information Group
The FIG is an information unit of a set of predefined structures. The FIG is hierarchically organized and distinguished by type and extension. The FIG 0/0 contains, for example, the ensemble information with Ensemble ID and CIF Count. - MCIMCI
-
Multiplex Configuration Information
Die MCI wird im FIC signalisiert und beschreibt den logischen Aufbau des Ensembles.Multiplex Configuration Information
The MCI is signaled in the FIC and describes the logical structure of the ensemble. - PRSPRS
-
Phase Reference Symbol
Das PRS ist das zweite Symbol in einem DAB-Rahmen, das einen festen vordefinierten Aufbau hat. Es wird im DAB-Empfänger als Referenz zur Dekodierung der nachfolgenden Symbole verwendet.Phase Reference icon
The PRS is the second symbol in a DAB frame that has a fixed predefined structure. It is used in the DAB receiver as a reference for decoding the following symbols. - CUCU
-
Capacity Unit
Eine CU ist die kleinste adressierbare Einheit in einem DAB-Rahmen und stellt 64bit dar.Capacity Unit
A CU is the smallest addressable unit in a DAB frame and represents 64 bits. - SADSAD
-
Start Address in CU
Die SAD beschreibt die Startposition eines Sub-Channels in Vielfache von CU's.Start Address in CU
The SAD describes the starting position of a sub-channel in multiples of CU's. - CIFCIF
-
Common Interleave Frame
Der CIF beschreibt einen logischen 24ms Rahmen bestehend aus FIC und MSC. Je nach DAB Transmission Mode bilden einer, zwei oder vier CIF's einen DAB-Rahmen.Common Interleave Frame
The CIF describes a logical 24ms frame consisting of FIC and MSC. Depending on the DAB transmission mode, one, two or four CIFs form a DAB frame. - MSCMSC
-
Main Service Channel
Der MSC ist die Menge aller im DAB-Ensemble enthaltenen Sub-Channels.Main Service Channel
The MSC is the set of all subchannels contained in the DAB ensemble.
- Multiplexmultiplex
- ist eine Zusammenfassung verschiedener Datenströme zu einem gemeinsamen Datenstrom.is a summary of different data streams into a common data stream.
- Ensembleensemble
- ist ein Multiplex, bestehend aus einem oder mehreren Sub-Channels, dem FIC und ggf. weiterer Datenströme.is a multiplex consisting of one or more sub-channels, the FIC and possibly further data streams.
- Sub-ChannelSub-Channel
- ist ein logischer Container für einen Datenstrom, der einen Audio-Service oder einen oder mehrere Data-Services enthalten kann.is a logical container for a stream of data that may contain an audio service or one or more data services.
- Serviceservice
- ist ein Rundfunkprogramm.is a radio program.
- Audio ServiceAudio service
- ist ein Rundfunkprogramm, das Audio-Inhalte (z.B. Musik, Sprache) enthält.is a broadcast program containing audio content (e.g., music, speech).
- Data ServiceData Service
- ist ein Rundfunkprogramm, das Daten-Inhalte (z.B. Webseiten, Bilder, Textnachrichten) enthält.is a broadcast program containing data contents (e.g., web pages, pictures, text messages).
- DAB-SymbolDAB Icon
- ist eine logische Informationseinheit, die mehrere Datenbits innerhalb eines Symboltakts darstellt.is a logical information unit that represents several bits of data within one symbol clock.
- Guard IntervalGuard Interval
- ist das Schutzintervall zwischen zwei benachbarten DAB-Symbolen, welches u.a. das Übersprechen aufeinanderfolgender Symbole vermeidet.is the guard interval between two adjacent DAB symbols, which i.a. avoids crosstalk of consecutive symbols.
- Null SymbolZero symbol
- ist das erste Symbol in einem DAB-Rahmen, für die Dauer des Null Symbols wird kein Signal bzw. nur ein Signal sehr niedriger Sendeleistung ausgesendet.is the first symbol in a DAB frame, for the duration of the zero symbol no signal or only a signal of very low transmission power is transmitted.
- Phase Reference SymbolPhase Reference icon
- ist das zweite Symbol in einem DAB-Rahmen, das einen festen vordefinierten Aufbau hat. Es wird im DAB-Empfänger als Referenz zur Dekodierung der nachfolgenden Symbole verwendet.is the second symbol in a DAB frame that has a fixed predefined structure. It is used in the DAB receiver as a reference for decoding the following symbols.
- Multiplex Configuration InformationMultiplex Configuration Information
- beschreibt die logische Struktur eines DAB-Ensembles, u.a. die Services und die Sub-Channels, deren Position im DAB-Rahmen, deren Größe, deren Fehlerschutz und deren Inhaltstyp.describes the logical structure of a DAB ensemble, i.a. the services and sub-channels, their location in the DAB framework, their size, their error protection, and their content type.
- GleichwellennetzSFN
- ist ein Netz von Sendern, die das gleiche Signal von verschiedenen Orten aus auf der gleichen Frequenz ausstrahlen. Die Sender werden dazu zeitlich synchronisiert. Die so abgestrahlten Wellen überlagern sich im Raum teilweise auch destruktiv. Durch Wahl geeigneter Modulationsverfahren überwiegen jedoch günstige Überlagerungseffekte und mittels Fehlerschutz können Übertragungsfehler korrigiert werden.is a network of broadcasters emitting the same signal from different locations at the same frequency. The transmitters are synchronized in time. The waves emitted in this way are partly superimposed destructively in space. By choosing suitable modulation methods, however, favorable superposition effects predominate and by means of error protection transmission errors can be corrected.
- Synchronität im GleichwellennetzSynchronicity in the common wave network
- liegt vor, wenn alle benachbarten Sender ihr Signal zeitlich synchronisiert auf der gleichen Frequenz ausstrahlen, d.h. dass die Aussendung der DAB-Rahmen zum gleichen Zeitpunkt beginnt bzw. die zeitliche Abweichung nur einen Bruchteil des Guard Intervals beträgt.occurs when all adjacent transmitters transmit their signal synchronized in time at the same frequency, i. that the transmission of the DAB frames starts at the same time or the time deviation is only a fraction of the guard interval.
- lokales Fensterlocal window
- ist ein Bereich im Gleichwellennetz, bei dem einer oder mehrere Sender teilweise modifizierte Inhalte gegenüber allen anderen Sendern des Gleichwellennetzes ausstrahlen. So werden z.B. im Bereich des lokalen Fensters die landesweiten Nachrichten durch lokale Nachrichten ersetzt.is an area in the single-frequency network in which one or more stations broadcast partially modified content compared to all other stations in the single-frequency network. Thus, e.g. In the area of the local window, the national news is replaced by local news.
- Contribution NetworkContribution Network
- Zuführungsnetzwerk basierend auf STI, wird zwischen Service, Service Multiplexer und Ensemble Multiplexer eingesetzt.Supply network based on STI is used between service, service multiplexer and ensemble multiplexer.
- Distribution NetworkDistribution Network
- Verteilnetzwerk basierend auf ETI oder EDI, wird zwi-schen Ensemble Multiplexer und den Sendern zum Verteilen des DAB-Ensembles eingesetzt.Distribution network based on ETI or EDI is used between Ensemble Multiplexer and the transmitters to distribute the DAB ensemble.
- COFDM ModulatorCOFDM modulator
- ist eine Baugruppe eines DAB-Senders, der die Modulation des FIC und der Sub-Channel durchführt, wobei ein spezielles Vielträgerverfahren dem sogenannten Coded Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing zur Anwendung kommt.is an assembly of a DAB transmitter that performs the modulation of the FIC and the sub-channel, using a special multi-carrier method called the Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing.
- CIF-RahmenCIF frame
- ist eine logische Einheit, die den FIC und die Sub-Channels für 24ms DAB-Aussendung zusammenfasst.is a logical unit that summarizes the FIC and sub-channels for 24ms DAB broadcast.
- 101101
- Ensemble-MultiplexerEnsemble Multiplexer
- 102102
- ETI-VerteilnetzwerkETI distribution network
- 103103
- DAB-SenderDAB transmitter
- 104104
- DAB-EmpfängerDAB receivers
- 105105
- Ausstrahlungsbereich des globalen DAB-EnsemblesBroadcasting area of the global DAB ensemble
- 106106
- Ausstrahlungsbereich des lokalen DAB-EnsemblesBroadcasting area of the local DAB ensemble
- 107107
- Überlappungsbereich des globalen und lokalen DAB-EnsemblesOverlapping area of the global and local DAB ensemble
- 108108
- lokaler Ensemble-Multiplexerlocal ensemble multiplexer
- 109109
- lokaler Audio- bzw. Datendienstlocal audio or data service
- 110110
- ETI-Verteilnetzwerk des lokalen DAB-EnsemblesETI distribution network of the local DAB ensemble
- 111111
- DAB-SenderDAB transmitter
- 201201
- Empfangsantennereceiving antenna
- 202202
- HochfrequenzverteilerRadio frequency distributor
- 203203
- frequenzselektiver VerstärkerFrequency-selective amplifier
- 204204
- regeneriertes DAB-Signalregenerated DAB signal
- 205205
- HochfrequenzumschalterRF switch
- 206206
- Sendeantennetransmitting antenna
- 207207
- DAB-EmpfangsmodulDAB receiver module
- 208208
- Signal mit ZeitinformationSignal with time information
- 209209
- dekodierter FICdecoded FIC
- 210210
- Ensemble MultiplexerEnsemble Multiplexer
- 211211
- ETI-DatenstromETI data stream
- 212212
- COFDM-Modulator bzw. DAB-KleinstleistungssenderCOFDM modulator or DAB micro power transmitter
- 213213
- DAB-Signal mit AlarmmeldungDAB signal with alarm message
- 214214
- Audioquelle mit AlarmmeldungAudio source with alarm message
- 215215
- Verteiler für AudiosignaleDistributor for audio signals
- 216216
- Audio-EncoderAudio Encoder
- 300300
- erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtunginventive device
- 301301
- Empfangsantennereceiving antenna
- 302302
- digitaler IQ-Demodulatordigital IQ demodulator
- 303303
- digitale IQ-Daten mit regeneriertem DAB-Ensembledigital IQ data with regenerated DAB ensemble
- 304304
- Transmission-Mode-DetektorTransmission-mode detector
- 305305
- Stellwert für Transmission ModeControl value for transmission mode
- 306306
- Nullsymbol-DetektorNull symbol detector
- 307307
- Signal für Start des NullsymbolsSignal for start of the zero symbol
- 308308
- Verarbeitungseinheit für PRS AnalyseProcessing unit for PRS analysis
- 309309
- Stellwert für FrequenzkorrekturControl value for frequency correction
- 310310
- FIC-DemodulatorFIC demodulator
- 311311
- erste FIC-Verarbeitungseinheitfirst FIC processing unit
- 312312
- zweite FIC-Verarbeitungseinheitsecond FIC processing unit
- 313313
- dritte FIC-Verarbeitungseinheitthird FIC processing unit
- 314314
- vierte FIC-Verarbeitungseinheitfourth FIC processing unit
- 315315
- Audioquelle mit AlarmmeldungAudio source with alarm message
- 316316
- Verteiler für AudiosignaleDistributor for audio signals
- 317317
- Audio-Encoder für DAB-PlusAudio encoder for DAB-Plus
- 318318
- Audio-Encoder für DAB-MusicamAudio encoder for DAB-Musicam
- 319319
- Audio-Encoder für DMBAudio encoder for DMB
- 320320
- MCI-DatenbasisMCI data base
- 321321
- Konfigurationsdaten ersten TypsConfiguration data of the first type
- 322322
- Konfigurationsdaten zweiten TypsConfiguration data of the second type
- 323323
- Konfigurationsdaten dritten TypsConfiguration data of the third type
- 324324
- erste Audio-Verarbeitungseinheitfirst audio processing unit
- 325325
- reformatierte Audio-Datenströmereformatted audio streams
- 326326
- zweite Audio-Verarbeitungseinheitsecond audio processing unit
- 327327
- selektierte Audio-Datenströmeselected audio data streams
- 328328
- Generator für FülldatenGenerator for filling data
- 329329
- generierte Daten-Sub-Channelsgenerated data sub-channels
- 330330
- modifizierter FICmodified FIC
- 331331
- Verzögerungsglieddelay
- 332332
- Triggersignal für Start des DAB-RahmenTrigger signal for starting the DAB frame
- 333333
- COFDM-ModulatorCOFDM Modulator
- 334334
- digitale IQ-Daten mit DAB-Ensemble und Alarmmeldungdigital IQ data with DAB ensemble and alarm message
- 335335
- Umschalter für digitale IQ-DatenSwitch for digital IQ data
- 336336
- digitaler IQ-Modulatordigital IQ modulator
- 337337
- Sendeantennetransmitting antenna
- 338338
- Oszillatoroscillator
- 339339
- Systemtakt für digitalen IQ-DemodulatorSystem clock for digital IQ demodulator
- 340340
- Systemtakt für digitalen IQ-ModulatorSystem clock for digital IQ modulator
Claims (8)
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es die Schritte
characterized in that it is the steps
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EP19207035.7A EP3627729A1 (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2014-09-03 | Method and device for showing alert notifications in a dab ensemble within a tunnel |
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EP19207035.7A Division EP3627729A1 (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2014-09-03 | Method and device for showing alert notifications in a dab ensemble within a tunnel |
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EP14183426.7A Active EP2854314B1 (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2014-09-03 | Method and means for inserting emergency messages in a DAB Ensemble inside a tunnel |
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DE19744420A1 (en) | 1997-10-08 | 1999-04-15 | Techno Trend Systemtechnik Gmb | Method of transmitting information in a common wave network, esp. for networks with narrowly regionally limited interests |
EP0944194A2 (en) * | 1998-03-18 | 1999-09-22 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kenwood | Receiver for the reception of digital broadcasts |
WO2006035242A2 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-06 | Radioscape Limited | Method and system for trasmitting emergency messages into a region such as a tunnel or a bridge |
EP2328287A2 (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2011-06-01 | Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute | Relaying emergency broadcasts |
EP2461610A1 (en) | 2010-12-06 | 2012-06-06 | Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute | Apparatus and method of broadcasting emergency information using automatic channel switching |
-
2013
- 2013-09-06 DE DE102013109795.2A patent/DE102013109795B4/en active Active
-
2014
- 2014-09-03 ES ES14183426T patent/ES2784178T3/en active Active
- 2014-09-03 EP EP19207035.7A patent/EP3627729A1/en active Pending
- 2014-09-03 DK DK14183426.7T patent/DK2854314T3/en active
- 2014-09-03 EP EP14183426.7A patent/EP2854314B1/en active Active
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DE19744420A1 (en) | 1997-10-08 | 1999-04-15 | Techno Trend Systemtechnik Gmb | Method of transmitting information in a common wave network, esp. for networks with narrowly regionally limited interests |
EP0944194A2 (en) * | 1998-03-18 | 1999-09-22 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kenwood | Receiver for the reception of digital broadcasts |
WO2006035242A2 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-06 | Radioscape Limited | Method and system for trasmitting emergency messages into a region such as a tunnel or a bridge |
EP2328287A2 (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2011-06-01 | Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute | Relaying emergency broadcasts |
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ITUB20160912A1 (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2017-08-23 | Trx Innovate S R L | RADIO SIGNAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM |
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DE102013109795B4 (en) | 2017-01-26 |
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