EP2853648B1 - Use of leather particles in wood-based panels for reducing the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) - Google Patents

Use of leather particles in wood-based panels for reducing the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2853648B1
EP2853648B1 EP13186648.5A EP13186648A EP2853648B1 EP 2853648 B1 EP2853648 B1 EP 2853648B1 EP 13186648 A EP13186648 A EP 13186648A EP 2853648 B1 EP2853648 B1 EP 2853648B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
wood
leather
leather particles
fibre insulation
wood fibre
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EP13186648.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2853648A1 (en
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Norbert Dr. Kalwa
Jens Siems
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Swiss Krono Tec AG
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Swiss Krono Tec AG
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Priority to ES13186648.5T priority Critical patent/ES2641740T3/en
Priority to EP13186648.5A priority patent/EP2853648B1/en
Priority to PL13186648T priority patent/PL2853648T3/en
Priority to PT131866485T priority patent/PT2853648T/en
Publication of EP2853648A1 publication Critical patent/EP2853648A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/16—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the use of leather particles in wood fiber insulation boards according to claim 1, a wood fiber insulation board containing leather particles according to claim 10 and a method for producing this wood fiber insulation board according to claim 12.
  • Lignocellulose includes as components cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.
  • Cellulose is a long-chain macromolecule composed of glucose units, hemicellulose a short-chain, branched macromolecule of pentoses and lignin a three-dimensional macromolecule of methoxyphenylpropane units.
  • Cellulose and hemicelluloses form the skeletal substance of the cell wall, while lignin as a filling substance in the cell structure causes the lignification.
  • VOCs Volatile organic compounds
  • VOCs include volatile organic compounds that evaporate easily or are already gaseous at low temperatures, such as at room temperature.
  • the volatile compounds either accumulate as by-products during the manufacturing process or are formed during growth of the tree. These are then released more or less quickly to the environment. Both processes lead to specific Problems that may make the entire manufacturing process more expensive and / or cause odors in the use of wood fiber insulation boards.
  • document EP 2 135 892 A2 also discloses a wood-based panel comprising 10 to 90% by weight of wood fibers, 10 to 90% by weight of leather particles, at least one flame retardant and at least one bicomponent binder based on a plastic fiber (eg polyethylenimines (PEI) together with lignin).
  • a plastic fiber eg polyethylenimines (PEI) together with lignin.
  • the present invention is based on the technical object of further increasing the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from wood fiber insulating boards reduce without this resulting in loss of technical properties of the insulation material for thermal conductivity or density.
  • VOCs volatile organic compounds
  • the present invention was the technical object of finding a suitable raw material, which is used in combination with wood fibers and has a favorable emission behavior.
  • leather particles are used in wood fiber insulation panels which result in a reduction in the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from wood fiber insulation panels.
  • VOCs volatile organic compounds
  • leather pulp used here is a material made of shavings, for example chrome shavings and comminuted, vegetable-tanned leather residues from the leather-processing industry. Leather residues are produced in large quantities during the processing of leather or the production of various products. Of the leather obtained after the tanning process to a thickness of more than 1 cm, usually only a few millimeters can be used. The remainder is waste and is used only to a small extent, for example for the production of shoe soles. Another advantage is that the leather in the various processing processes already obtained in comminuted form as so-called shavings, so that the mechanical effort for fiber production significantly reduced.
  • leather is predominantly composed of collagen, a polypeptide that forms three-dimensional fiber structures.
  • the amino acids glycine, proline, 4-hydroxyproline and 5-hydroxylysine are particularly common in the polypeptide, with almost every third residue in the collagen molecule being glycine.
  • the leather particles used herein are preferably leather fibers, which are obtained from reduced, vegetable tanned leather residues of the leather processing industry. Such leather fibers typically have a length of up to 20 mm, preferably 5 to 15 mm and a thickness of up to 1 mm, preferably 0.5 to 1 mm.
  • Lederfalzs Georgnne be used mainly for the production of insulation boards, resulting from the tanning of leather using other tannins. Excluded are leather creases that occur during the tanning of leather using chrome-containing tannins. Accordingly, the use of chrome rebates is excluded for ecological reasons.
  • the Lederfalzs fonde can occur in the tanning and processing of leather at various points.
  • the leather particles can be produced as a relatively moist material directly in the tanning process (moisture: about 50% by weight) or at the end of the leather production process (moisture ⁇ 10%). Both materials can be used for use in insulation production. Although drying is unnecessary, it consumes energy and causes higher costs for the raw material.
  • the leather particles have a moisture content of 20 to 70%, preferably 30 to 60%, particularly preferably 45 to 55%.
  • a typical moisture value of the leather particles or leather fibers used is 50%.
  • the leather particles are used here to reduce the emission of organic acids, in particular to reduce the emission of acetic acid from wood fiber insulation panels.
  • Organic acids are produced in particular as cleavage products of the wood constituents cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin, alkanoic acids such as acetic acid and propionic acid or aromatic acids preferably being formed.
  • the leather particles are used to reduce the emission of aldehydes from wood fiber insulation panels.
  • the leather particles are used to reduce aldehydes released during the aqueous wood pulping process.
  • the aldehydes are formed from the basic building blocks of cellulose or hemicellulose.
  • the aldehyde furfural is formed from mono- and disaccharides of cellulose or hemicellulose, while aromatic aldehydes can be liberated during the partial hydrolytic exclusion of lignin.
  • the leather particles are used to reduce the emission of C1-C10 aldehydes, particularly preferably formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, pentanal, hexanal or else furfural in wood-based panels.
  • the leather particles are used to reduce the emission of terpenes. So can the leather particles for Reduction of terpenes released from the wood shavings or wood fibers used in the wood-based panel, in particular C10-monoterpenes and C15-sesquiterpenes, in particular preferably acyclic or cyclic monoterpenes.
  • Typical acyclic terpenes are terpene hydrocarbons such as myrcene, terpene alcohols such as gerianol, linaool, ipsinol and terpene aldehydes such as citral.
  • Typical representatives of the monocyclic terpenes are p-menthane, terpeninol, limonene or carvone, and typical representatives of the bicyclic terpenes are caran, pinane, bornan, in particular 3-carene and ⁇ -pinene being of importance.
  • Terpenes are components of the tree resins and therefore especially in very resinous tree species such as pine or spruce.
  • the leather particles are used in wood fiber insulating panels, which comprises 40 to 65% by weight, preferably 45 to 60% by weight, in particular 45 to 55% by weight of wood fibers.
  • Wood particles in the present case are lignocellulose-containing comminution products, such as e.g. Wood fibers, wood shavings or wood strands to understand.
  • wood fibers in particular in the use of wood fibers in wood fiber insulation boards, in particular dry wood fibers having a length of 1 mm to 20 mm, preferably from 1.5 mm to 10 mm and a thickness of 0, 05 mm to 1 mm for use.
  • the present wood fiber insulation board comprises 5 to 30% by weight, preferably 10 to 20% by weight, of leather particles or leather fibers.
  • a suitable binder is added to the mixture of wood fibers and leather particles or leather fibers in order to ensure a cohesive connection of the particles with one another.
  • Formaldehyde-free binders in the form of liquid or powdery adhesive components as well as in the form of binder fibers, such as isocyanates or synthetic fibers, can be used as binders for the wood-fiber / leather particle mixture which are not suitable for the invention as starting mixture for the production of wood fiber insulation boards.
  • an isocyanate is selected from a group containing aliphatic and aromatic isocyanates.
  • aliphatic isocyanates for example, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and / or 1,4-cyclohexyl diisocyanate (CHDI) can be used.
  • Typical suitable aromatic isocyanates are, for example, diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) or tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) or also polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI), the latter being particularly preferred.
  • MDI diphenylmethane diisocyanate
  • TDI tolylene diisocyanate
  • PMDI polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate
  • the isocyanate is subject to two chemical reactions when used as a binder.
  • plastic fibers are also used as binders for the wood particle-leather particle mixture.
  • the plastic fibers according to the invention are bicomponent fibers.
  • the thermally activatable plastic or binder fibers carry out both a binding and a support function in the matrix of wood fibers and leather particles due to their spatial distribution.
  • Bicomponent fibers typically consist of a carrier filament or a core fiber made of a plastic with higher temperature resistance, in particular polyesters, which are coated or sheathed by a plastic with a lower melting point, in particular polyethylene.
  • the shell or the jacket allows after melting a cross-linking of the wood particles and / or leather particles with each other.
  • the wood fiber insulating panels produced using the leather particles accordingly comprise 40 to 65% by weight, preferably 45 to 60% by weight, particularly preferably 45 to 55% by weight of wood fibers, 5 to 30% by weight, preferably 10 to 20% by weight of leather particles, at least one flame retardant and at least one binder.
  • the flame retardant may be added in an amount between 5 and 20% by weight, preferably between 8 and 10% by weight.
  • Typical flame retardants are selected from the group comprising phosphates, borates, in particular ammonium polyphosphate, tris (tri-bromneopentyl) phosphate, zinc borate or boric acid complexes of polyhydric alcohols.
  • the present wood fiber insulation panels are characterized by a reduced volatile compounds (VOCs) compared to wood-based panels without leather particles.
  • VOCs volatile compounds
  • the reduction in VOC emission, in particular of organic acids, is up to 50%, preferably 45%, in particular 40% lower than in comparison with conventional wood-based panels.
  • the wood fiber insulation board according to the invention is preferably characterized by a reduction of the emission of organic acids, in particular acetic acid, of aldehyde and / or terpenes.
  • step a To produce the wood fibers according to step a), the wood chips are first cleaned, then defibered and dried.
  • the mixing of the wood fibers with the leather particles can take place during various process steps.
  • the leather particles can be added before or during the defibration process of the wood chips, eg in the digester or refiner. It is also generally possible to bring the leather particles into contact with the wood fibers in the blow-line or during the fiber mixing process.
  • the wood fibers are used depending on the type of equipment and method used before or after mixing with the leather particles with plastic fibers as Binder additionally applied. After scattering the mixture of wood fibers, leather particles and plastic fibers as a binder on a conveyor belt and the formation of a wood fiber mat is first carried out a pre-pressing, in which the thickness of the mat is reduced in the context of a cold pre-compression. Then a mat trimming is performed while the side panel is separated from the fiber mat and the side panels returned to the process.
  • bicomponent fibers are used as binders.
  • liquid or powdery adhesive components these are mixed with the wood fibers and / or leather particles, spread on a conveyor belt and then pressed in a hot pressing process to a plate.
  • the mixing of the leather particles with the liquid and / or powdery adhesive component may e.g. during dosing in the blow-line feed.
  • the mixture of leather particles and adhesive component is then injected into the wood fiber stream.
  • the leather particles and the binder can also be contacted successively with the wood fiber stream. It is also conceivable to introduce the leather particles during the damping of wood chips or to add in the refiner
  • the mixing derselbigen with the wood fibers and / or Lederpartiklen after drying of the wood fibers and / or leather particles is carried out in a separate process.
  • the mixture of wood fibers, leather particles and binder fibers is scattered on a conveyor belt.
  • the sprinkled mixture or fleece is then introduced into a hot air oven, in which the fleece formed from wood fibers, binder fibers and leather particles is flowed through by hot air, wherein the binding fibers are heated and melted and it comes to matting.
  • the mat can be calibrated.
  • the activating of the binder or of the bico fibers in the wood fiber mat associated with the compacting (or pressing) and / or heating is preferably carried out at temperatures between 100 ° C and 250 ° C, preferably 130 ° C and 220 ° C, in particular at 200 ° C.
  • activation of the binder typically occurs, eg, melting of the thermoplastic shell of bicomponent fibers whereby a firm connection between the wood fibers, leather particles and the binder are produced.
  • a construction of a support framework arises from the bicomponent fibers, into which the wood fibers and leather particles are embedded or adhesively bonded.
  • the fiber mat is finally reduced to the required dimensions and cooled.
  • binder in addition to the already mentioned binder, in particular of aldehyde-free binders from the group of isocyanates and bicomponent fibers, further binders such as a granulate of plastic may be added.
  • a granulate may be a plastic granulate as obtained in the recycling of plastic articles from the dual system.
  • Wood fibers, bicrofibers (polyester fibers encased in polyethylene) and moist leather shavings (tanned with glyoxal, moisture content: approx. 50%) were mixed in the premix of the insulation system.
  • the proportion of bicafiber serving as scaffold was kept constant at 20% by weight. The proportions of wood fiber were reduced depending on the dosage of the shavings.
  • the premixed fibers were scattered to a fiber bed and passed through the heating furnace.
  • the BiCo fibers melt and create a support matrix.
  • the insulation materials produced with leather shavings showed a partly clearer coloration.
  • the insulating materials were then tested in a test chamber according to the AgBB scheme (Committee for the Health Assessment of Construction Products) on their VOC emission, with only the acetic acid value is given as a guide parameter.
  • the emission levels of the other acids and aldehydes have been reduced in similar percentages.
  • variant Wood fiber weight% Flame retardant wt% Bicafiber wt.% leather cuttings weight%, atro Acetic acid emission after 7d in yg / m 3 O-sample 73.0 7 20 0 1426 1 64.4 7 20 8.6 925 2 55.8 7 20 17.2 741
  • the acetic acid emissions are significantly reduced, with the reduction of the acetic acid emission being significantly higher than the percentage of leather fibers.
  • the leather fibers thus actually cause an emission reduction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung von Lederpartikeln in Holzfaserdämmstoffplatten gemäß Anspruch 1, eine Holzfaserdämmstoffplatte enthaltend Lederpartikel gemäß Anspruch 10 und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser Holzfaserdämmstoffplatte gemäß Anspruch 12.The present invention relates to the use of leather particles in wood fiber insulation boards according to claim 1, a wood fiber insulation board containing leather particles according to claim 10 and a method for producing this wood fiber insulation board according to claim 12.

Beschreibungdescription

Zur Herstellung von Holzfaserdämmstoffplatten werden derzeit Materialien aus Lignozellulose, wie Holzfasern oder Holzspäne als nachwachsende Rohstoffe eingesetzt. Lignozellulose umfasst als Bestandteile Zellulose, Hemizellulose und Lignin. Zellulose ist ein langkettiges Makromolekül bestehend aus Glukoseeinheiten, Hemizellulose ein kurzkettiges, verzweigtes Makromolekül aus Pentosen und Lignin ein dreidimensionales Makromolekül aus Methoxyphenylpropaneinheiten. Zellulose und Hemizellulosen bilden die Gerüstsubstanz der Zellwand, während Lignin als Füllsubstanz im Zellgerüst die Verholzung verursacht.For the production of wood fiber insulation boards, materials made of lignocellulose, such as wood fibers or wood chips, are currently being used as renewable raw materials. Lignocellulose includes as components cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Cellulose is a long-chain macromolecule composed of glucose units, hemicellulose a short-chain, branched macromolecule of pentoses and lignin a three-dimensional macromolecule of methoxyphenylpropane units. Cellulose and hemicelluloses form the skeletal substance of the cell wall, while lignin as a filling substance in the cell structure causes the lignification.

Die Herstellung von Holzfaserdämmstoffplatten hat aus ökologischen Aspekten in den letzten Jahren mehr und mehr Aufmerksamkeit erlangt. Neben der Tatsache, dass Holz als nachwachsender Rohstoff unbegrenzt zur Verfügung steht, sind dabei auch Aspekte des geringeren Energieeinsatzes sowie der einfachen Entsorgung von Interesse.The production of wood fiber insulation panels has received more and more environmental attention in recent years. In addition to the fact that wood is available as a renewable resource unlimited, are also aspects of lower energy consumption and ease of disposal of interest.

Allerdings besteht bei der Verwendung von Holzfaserdämmstoffplatten insbesondere in Innenräumen derzeit eine noch gesundheitliche Belastungsquelle aufgrund der Emission von während des Herstellungsprozesses der Holzfasern gebildeten leichtflüchtigen organischen Verbindungen. Zu den leichtflüchtigen organischen Verbindungen (VOCs) gehören flüchtige organische Stoffe, die leicht verdampfen bzw. bereits bei niedrigen Temperaturen, wie z.B. bei Raumtemperatur gasförmig vorliegen. Generell fallen die flüchtigen Verbindungen entweder als Nebenprodukte während des Herstellungsprozesses an oder sie werden während des Wachstums des Baumes gebildet. Diese werden anschließend mehr oder weniger schnell an die Umgebung abgegeben. Beide Vorgänge führen zu spezifischen Problemen, die den gesamten Herstellungsprozess verteuern können und/oder zu Geruchsbelästigung in der Nutzung der Holzfaserdämmstoffplatten führen können.However, when using wood fiber insulation panels, especially indoors, there is still a source of health stress due to the emission of volatile organic compounds formed during the production process of the wood fibers. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) include volatile organic compounds that evaporate easily or are already gaseous at low temperatures, such as at room temperature. In general, the volatile compounds either accumulate as by-products during the manufacturing process or are formed during growth of the tree. These are then released more or less quickly to the environment. Both processes lead to specific Problems that may make the entire manufacturing process more expensive and / or cause odors in the use of wood fiber insulation boards.

Das Problem der Emission von leichtflüchtigen organischen Komponenten aus Holzfaserplatten, insbesondere von Aldehyden, ist umso gravierender, je niedriger die Dichte der hergestellten Holzwerkstoffplatten ist. Während bei einer Faserplatte mit erhöhter Dichte (HDF) oder einer mitteldichten Faserplatte (MDF) keine erhöhten Werte der leichtflüchtigen organischen Bestandteile ermittelbar sind, ist bei Holzfaserplatten unterhalb einer Rohdichte von ca. 250 kg/m3, wie z.B. dem Holzfaserdämmstoffplatten, eine erhebliche VOC-Emission zu verzeichnen, da hier aufgrund der geringen Dichte Diffusionsvorgänge beschleunigt ablaufen können. Vor allem dies trägt zur schnellen Abgabe von organischen Verbindungen aus den Dämmmaterialien bei.The problem of emission of volatile organic components from wood fiber boards, especially aldehydes, is all the more serious, the lower the density of the wood-based panels produced. While in the case of a fiber board with increased density (HDF) or a medium-density fiberboard (MDF) no increased values of the volatile organic components can be determined, wood fiber boards below a gross density of about 250 kg / m 3 , such as the wood fiber insulation panels, a significant VOC Due to the low density, diffusion processes can be accelerated. Above all, this contributes to the rapid release of organic compounds from the insulation materials.

Um das Problem der VOC-Emission zu lösen sind verschiedene Ansätze denkbar. Zum einen besteht die Möglichkeit Holzfasern mit anderen natürlichen Fasern wie z.B. Wolle, Hanfflachs, zu mischen, die sich im Hinblick auf ihr Emissionsverhalten günstiger verhalten, um somit einen ökologischen Dämmstoff mit verbesserter Emissionscharakteristik zu erhalten. Ein Nachteil hierbei ist allerdings die mit diesen Fasern verbundenen hohen Kosten und eingeschränkte Verfügbarkeit, da teilweise für die entsprechenden Faserarten auch höherwertige Anwendungen existieren, die einen anderen Einsatz nahelegen.To solve the problem of VOC emission, various approaches are conceivable. On the one hand there is the possibility of wood fibers with other natural fibers such. Wool, hemp salmon, which behave more favorably with regard to their emission behavior, in order to obtain an ecological insulation material with improved emission characteristics. A disadvantage here, however, is the high costs associated with these fibers and limited availability, since in some cases higher-value applications exist for the corresponding fiber types, suggesting a different use.

Aus den oben genannten Gründen ist es daher erstrebenswert, geeignete Lösungen zu entwickeln, durch welche die Freisetzung von leichtflüchtigen organischen Verbindungen aus Holzwerkstoffplatten, insbesondere aus Holzfaserdämmstoffplatten reduziert wird. Hierzu sind verschiedene Ansätze bekannt. So kann durch Zugabe von alkalischen Stoffen der pH-Wert in der Holzmatrix erhöht werden, um so die in der Holzmatrix ablaufenden säurekatalysierten Reaktionen zu verhindern bzw. zu reduzieren ( Roffael, E., et al, Holzzentralblatt 1990, 116: 1684-1685 ). Weitere Möglichkeiten in der Reduzierung der Emission von leichtflüchtigen organischen Verbindung bestehen in der Zugabe von Zeolith ( WO 2010/ 136106 ), Bisulfiten oder Pyrosulfiten ( US2009/0130 474 A1 ) als Aldehydfänger oder auch in der Zugabe von Polyaminen zur Reduzierung von während des wässrigen Holzaufschlusses freigesetzten Aldehyden und organischen Säuren ( EP 2 567 798 ). Dokument EP 2 135 892 A2 offenbart eine Verwendung von Lederpartikel in Holzwerkstoffplatten, wobei die Holzwerkstoffplatten formaldehydfreie Bindemittel (Tannine, Lignine) enthalten. Dokument EP 2 135 892 A2 offenbart auch eine Holzwerkstoffplatte, umfassend 10 bis 90 Gew% an Holzfasern, 10 bis 90 Gew% an Lederpartikel, mindestens ein Flammschutzmittel und mindestens ein auf einem Kunststofffasern basiertes bikomponentes Bindemittel (z.B. Polyethylenimine (PEI) zusammen mit Lignin).For the above reasons, therefore, it is desirable to develop suitable solutions by which the release of volatile organic compounds from wood-based panels, especially from Holzfaserdämmstoffplatten is reduced. For this purpose, various approaches are known. Thus, by adding alkaline substances, the pH in the wood matrix can be increased so as to prevent or reduce the acid-catalyzed reactions taking place in the wood matrix ( Roffael, E., et al, Holzzentralblatt 1990, 116: 1684-1685 ). Further possibilities in the reduction of the emission of volatile organic compound consist in the addition of zeolite ( WO 2010/136106 ), Bisulfites or pyrosulfites ( US2009 / 0130474 A1 ) as aldehyde scavengers or in the addition of polyamines for reducing aldehydes and organic acids released during aqueous wood pulping ( EP 2 567 798 ). document EP 2 135 892 A2 discloses a use of leather particles in wood-based panels, wherein the wood-based panels contain formaldehyde-free binders (tannins, lignins). document EP 2 135 892 A2 also discloses a wood-based panel comprising 10 to 90% by weight of wood fibers, 10 to 90% by weight of leather particles, at least one flame retardant and at least one bicomponent binder based on a plastic fiber (eg polyethylenimines (PEI) together with lignin).

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt nunmehr die technische Aufgabe zugrunde, die Emission an leichtflüchtigen organischen Verbindungen (VOCs) aus Holzfaserdämmstoffplatten weiter zu reduzieren, ohne dass dies zu Einbußen der technischen Eigenschaften des Dämmstoffes für die Wärmeleitfähigkeit oder Dichte führt.The present invention is based on the technical object of further increasing the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from wood fiber insulating boards reduce without this resulting in loss of technical properties of the insulation material for thermal conductivity or density.

Entsprechend lag der vorliegenden Erfindung die technische Aufgabe zugrunde, einen geeigneten Rohstoff zu finden, der in Kombination mit Holzfasern einsetzbar ist und ein günstiges Emissionsverhalten aufweist.Accordingly, the present invention was the technical object of finding a suitable raw material, which is used in combination with wood fibers and has a favorable emission behavior.

Die gestellte Aufgabe wird durch die Verwendung von Lederpartikeln in Holzfaserdämmstoffplatten gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The object is achieved by the use of leather particles in wood fiber insulation panels according to the features of claim 1.

Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung werden Lederpartikel in Holzfaserdämmstoffplatten verwendet, die zu einer Reduzierung der Emission von flüchtigen organischen Verbindungen (VOCs) aus Holzfaserdämmstoffplatten führen.According to the present invention, leather particles are used in wood fiber insulation panels which result in a reduction in the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from wood fiber insulation panels.

Die Verwendung von Lederpartikel als nachwachsender Rohstoff in Holzwerkstoffplatten ist in letzter Zeit verstärkt in den Fokus gerückt. So wird in der europäischen Patentanmeldung 13 169 863 die Möglichkeit der Herstellung von Holzwerkstoffplatten aus einem Gemisch aus Holzfasern und Lederpartikeln beschrieben. Als Lederfaserstoff wird hierbei ein Werkstoff aus Falzspännen z.B. Chromfalzspänen und zerkleinerten, pflanzlich gegerbten Lederresten der lederverarbeitenden Industrie verwendet. Lederreste fallen bei der Verarbeitung von Leder bzw. der Herstellung von verschiedenen Produkten in großen Mengen an. Von dem Leder, das nach dem Gerbprozess bis zu einer Stärke von mehr als 1 cm anfällt, können meist nur wenige Millimeter genutzt werden. Der Rest ist Abfall und wird lediglich zu einem geringen Teil z.B. zur Herstellung von Schuhsohlen verwendet. Ein weiterer Vorteil ist, dass das Leder in den verschiedenen Verarbeitungsprozessen bereits in zerkleinerter Form als sogenannte Falzspäne anfällt, sodass sich der mechanische Aufwand zur Faserherstellung deutlich reduziert.The use of leather particles as a renewable raw material in wood-based panels has recently become increasingly the focus. So will in the European Patent Application 13 169 863 described the possibility of producing wood-based panels from a mixture of wood fibers and leather particles. Leather pulp used here is a material made of shavings, for example chrome shavings and comminuted, vegetable-tanned leather residues from the leather-processing industry. Leather residues are produced in large quantities during the processing of leather or the production of various products. Of the leather obtained after the tanning process to a thickness of more than 1 cm, usually only a few millimeters can be used. The remainder is waste and is used only to a small extent, for example for the production of shoe soles. Another advantage is that the leather in the various processing processes already obtained in comminuted form as so-called shavings, so that the mechanical effort for fiber production significantly reduced.

Leder besteht zum überwiegenden Anteil aus Kollagen, einem Polypeptid, das dreidimensionale Faserstrukturen ausbildet. Besonders häufig finden sich in dem Polypeptid die Aminosäuren Glycin, Prolin, 4-Hydroxyprolin und 5-Hydroxylysin, wobei fast jeder dritte Rest im Kollagenmolekül Glycin ist.Leather is predominantly composed of collagen, a polypeptide that forms three-dimensional fiber structures. The amino acids glycine, proline, 4-hydroxyproline and 5-hydroxylysine are particularly common in the polypeptide, with almost every third residue in the collagen molecule being glycine.

Die vorliegend verwendeten Lederpartikel sind bevorzugterweise Lederfasern, die aus verkleinerten, pflanzlich gegerbten Lederresten der lederverarbeitenden Industrie gewonnen werden. Derartige Lederfasern weisen typischerweise eine Länge von bis zu 20 mm, bevorzugt 5 bis 15 mm auf und eine Dicke vom bis zu 1 mm, bevorzugt 0,5 bis 1 mm auf. Insbesondere werden vorwiegend für die Herstellung der Dämmstoffplatten Lederfalzspänne eingesetzt, die beim Gerben von Leder unter Verwendung von anderen Gerbstoffen anfallen. Ausgenommen sind dabei Lederfalzspänne die beim Gerben von Leder unter Verwendung von chromhaltigen Gerbstoffen anfallen. Entsprechend ist die Verwendung von Chromfalzspannen aus ökologischen Gründen ausgenommen.The leather particles used herein are preferably leather fibers, which are obtained from reduced, vegetable tanned leather residues of the leather processing industry. Such leather fibers typically have a length of up to 20 mm, preferably 5 to 15 mm and a thickness of up to 1 mm, preferably 0.5 to 1 mm. In particular, Lederfalzspänne be used mainly for the production of insulation boards, resulting from the tanning of leather using other tannins. Excluded are leather creases that occur during the tanning of leather using chrome-containing tannins. Accordingly, the use of chrome rebates is excluded for ecological reasons.

Die Lederfalzspäne können im Gerb- bzw. Verarbeitungsprozess des Leders an verschiedenen Stellen anfallen. Dabei können die Lederpartikel als relativ feuchtes Material direkt im Gerbprozess (Feuchte: ca. 50 Gew%) oder am Ende des Lederherstellprozess anfallen ( Feuchte < 10% ). Für den Einsatz bei der Dämmstoffherstellung können beide Materialien verwendet werden. Wenngleich ein Trocknen unnötig ist, Energie verbraucht und höhere Kosten für den Rohstoff verursacht.The Lederfalzspäne can occur in the tanning and processing of leather at various points. The leather particles can be produced as a relatively moist material directly in the tanning process (moisture: about 50% by weight) or at the end of the leather production process (moisture <10%). Both materials can be used for use in insulation production. Although drying is unnecessary, it consumes energy and causes higher costs for the raw material.

In einer Ausführungsform weisen die Lederpartikel eine Feuchte von 20 bis 70 %, bevorzugt 30 bis 60 %, insbesondere bevorzugt 45 bis 55 % auf. Ein typischer Feuchtewert der zum Einsatz kommenden Lederpartikel bzw. Lederfasern liegt bei 50 %.In one embodiment, the leather particles have a moisture content of 20 to 70%, preferably 30 to 60%, particularly preferably 45 to 55%. A typical moisture value of the leather particles or leather fibers used is 50%.

Die Lederpartikel werden vorliegend zur Reduzierung der Emission von organischen Säuren, insbesondere zur Reduzierung der Emission von Essigsäure aus Holzfaserdämmstoffplatten verwendet. Organische Säuren fallen insbesondere als Spaltprodukte der Holzbestandteile Zellulose, Hemizellulosen und Lignin an, wobei bevorzugt Alkansäuren, wie Essigsäure und Propionsäure oder aromatische Säuren gebildet werden.The leather particles are used here to reduce the emission of organic acids, in particular to reduce the emission of acetic acid from wood fiber insulation panels. Organic acids are produced in particular as cleavage products of the wood constituents cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin, alkanoic acids such as acetic acid and propionic acid or aromatic acids preferably being formed.

Es ist ebenfalls wünschenswert, die Lederpartikel zur Reduzierung der Emission von Aldehyden aus Holzfaserdämmstoffplatten einzusetzen. Hierbei ist es insbesondere bevorzugt, wenn die Lederpartikel zur Reduzierung von während des wässrigen Holzaufschlusses freigesetzten Aldehyden eingesetzt wird. Wie oben bereits erläutert, erfolgt eine Freisetzung von Aldehyden während der hydrolytischen Aufarbeitung von Holz bzw. Lignozellulose. Dabei werden die Aldehyde aus den Grundbausteinen der Zellulose oder Hemizellulose gebildet. So wird z.B. der Aldehyd Furfural aus Mono-und Disacchariden der Zellulose bzw. Hemizellulose gebildet, während aromatische Aldehyde während des partiell stattfindenden hydrolytischen Ausschlusses von Lignin freigesetzt werden können. Entsprechend werden die Lederpartikel zur Reduzierung der Emission von C1-C10 Aldehyden, insbesondere bevorzugt vom Formaldehyd, Acetaldehyd, Pentanal, Hexanal oder auch Furfural in Holzwerkstoffplatten eingesetzt.It is also desirable to use the leather particles to reduce the emission of aldehydes from wood fiber insulation panels. In this case, it is particularly preferred if the leather particles are used to reduce aldehydes released during the aqueous wood pulping process. As already explained above, there is a release of aldehydes during the hydrolytic workup of wood or lignocellulose. The aldehydes are formed from the basic building blocks of cellulose or hemicellulose. For example, the aldehyde furfural is formed from mono- and disaccharides of cellulose or hemicellulose, while aromatic aldehydes can be liberated during the partial hydrolytic exclusion of lignin. Accordingly, the leather particles are used to reduce the emission of C1-C10 aldehydes, particularly preferably formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, pentanal, hexanal or else furfural in wood-based panels.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung werden die Lederpartikel zur Reduzierung der Emission von Terpenen verwendet. So können die Lederpartikel zur Reduzierung von aus den in der Holzwerkstoffplatte verwendeten Holzspänen bzw. Holzfasern freigesetzten Terpenen, insbesondere C10-Monoterpene und C15-Sesquiterpene, insbesondere bevorzugt acyclische oder cyclische Monoterpene eingesetzt werden.In another embodiment of the present invention, the leather particles are used to reduce the emission of terpenes. So can the leather particles for Reduction of terpenes released from the wood shavings or wood fibers used in the wood-based panel, in particular C10-monoterpenes and C15-sesquiterpenes, in particular preferably acyclic or cyclic monoterpenes.

Typische acyclische Terpene sind Terpenkohlenwasserstoffe wie Myrcen, Terpenalkohole wie Gerianol, Linaool, Ipsinol und Terpenaldehyde wie Citral. Typische Vertreter der monocyclischen Terpene sind p-Menthan, Terpeninol, Limonen oder Carvon, und typische Vertreter der bicyclischen Terpene sind Caran, Pinan, Bornan, wobei insbesondere 3-Caren und α-Pinen von Bedeutung sind. Terpene sind Bestandteile der Baumharze und von daher besonders in sehr harzhaltigen Baumarten wie Kiefer oder Fichte vorhanden.Typical acyclic terpenes are terpene hydrocarbons such as myrcene, terpene alcohols such as gerianol, linaool, ipsinol and terpene aldehydes such as citral. Typical representatives of the monocyclic terpenes are p-menthane, terpeninol, limonene or carvone, and typical representatives of the bicyclic terpenes are caran, pinane, bornan, in particular 3-carene and α-pinene being of importance. Terpenes are components of the tree resins and therefore especially in very resinous tree species such as pine or spruce.

Vorliegend werden die Lederpartikel in Holzfaserdämmstoffplatten verwendet, die 40 bis 65 Gew%, bevorzugt 45 bis 60 Gew%, insbesondere 45 bis 55 Gew% an Holzfasern umfasst.In the present case, the leather particles are used in wood fiber insulating panels, which comprises 40 to 65% by weight, preferably 45 to 60% by weight, in particular 45 to 55% by weight of wood fibers.

Unter Holzpartikel sind vorliegend lignozellulosehaltige Zerkleinerungsprodukte wie z.B. Holzfasern, Holzspäne oder auch Holzstrands zu verstehen. Im Falle der Verwendung von Holzfasern, gemäß der Erfindung, wie insbesondere bei der Verwendung von Holzfasern in Holzfaserdämmstoffplatten, kommen insbesondere trockene Holzfasern mit einer Länge von 1 mm bis 20 mm, bevorzugt von 1,5 mm bis 10 mm und eine Dicke von 0,05 mm bis 1 mm zum Einsatz. Die vorliegende Holzfaserdämmstoffplatte umfasst 5 bis 30 Gew%, bevorzugt 10 bis 20 Gew% an Lederpartikeln bzw. Lederfasern.Wood particles in the present case are lignocellulose-containing comminution products, such as e.g. Wood fibers, wood shavings or wood strands to understand. In the case of the use of wood fibers, according to the invention, in particular in the use of wood fibers in wood fiber insulation boards, in particular dry wood fibers having a length of 1 mm to 20 mm, preferably from 1.5 mm to 10 mm and a thickness of 0, 05 mm to 1 mm for use. The present wood fiber insulation board comprises 5 to 30% by weight, preferably 10 to 20% by weight, of leather particles or leather fibers.

In der vorliegenden Erfindung ist dem Gemisch aus Holzfasern und Lederpartikeln bzw. Lederfasern ein geeignetes Bindemittel zugefügt, um eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung der Partikel miteinander zu gewährleisten.In the present invention, a suitable binder is added to the mixture of wood fibers and leather particles or leather fibers in order to ensure a cohesive connection of the particles with one another.

Als nicht für die Erfindung geeignete Bindemittel für das Holzfaser-Lederpartikel-Gemisch als Ausgangsgemisch zur Herstellung von Holzfaserdämmstoffplatten können formaldehydfreie Bindemittel in Form von flüssigen oder pulverförmigen Klebstoffkomponenten als auch in Form von Bindefasern, wie Isocyanate oder Kunststofffasern zum Einsatz kommen.Formaldehyde-free binders in the form of liquid or powdery adhesive components as well as in the form of binder fibers, such as isocyanates or synthetic fibers, can be used as binders for the wood-fiber / leather particle mixture which are not suitable for the invention as starting mixture for the production of wood fiber insulation boards.

Für den Fall, dass ein Isocyanat als Bindmittel verwendet wird, ist dieses ausgewählt aus einer Gruppe enthaltend aliphatische und aromatische Isocyanate. Als aliphatische Isocyanate können zum Beispiel Hexamethylendiisocyanat (HDI), Isophorondiisocyanat (IPDI) und/oder 1,4-Cyclohexyldiisocyanat (CHDI) verwendet werden. Typische geeignete aromatische Isocyanate sind zum Beispiel Diphenylmethandiisocyanat (MDI) oder Toluylendiisocyanat (TDI) oder auch polymeres Diphenylmethandiisocyanat (PMDI), wobei Letzteres besonders bevorzugt ist. Das Isocyanat unterliegt bei seiner Verwendung als Bindemittel zwei chemischen Reaktionen. Zum einen bildet es in Gegenwart von Wasser Polyharnstoff aus. Parallel dazu erfolgt die Anbindung an die Holzpartikel und Lederpartikel durch die Reaktion der Isocyanate mit freien Hydroxy-/Aminogruppen an der Oberfläche der Holzpartikel und/oder Lederpartikel unter Ausbildung einer Urethan- bzw. Polyharnstoffbindung.In the case where an isocyanate is used as the binder, it is selected from a group containing aliphatic and aromatic isocyanates. As aliphatic isocyanates, for example, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and / or 1,4-cyclohexyl diisocyanate (CHDI) can be used. Typical suitable aromatic isocyanates are, for example, diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) or tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) or also polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (PMDI), the latter being particularly preferred. The isocyanate is subject to two chemical reactions when used as a binder. First, it forms polyurea in the presence of water. Parallel to this, the binding to the wood particles and leather particles takes place by the reaction of the isocyanates with free hydroxyl / amino groups on the surface of the wood particles and / or leather particles to form a urethane or polyurea bond.

Wie bereits erwähnt, kommen gemäß der Erfindung als Bindemittel für das Holzpartikel-Lederpartikel-Gemisch aber auch Kunststofffasern zum Einsatz. Die Kunststofffasern sind gemäß der Erfindung Bikomponentenfasern. Die thermisch aktivierbaren Kunststoff- bzw. Bindefasern führen in der Matrix aus Holzfasern und Lederpartikel aufgrund ihrer räumlichen Verteilung sowohl eine Binde- als auch eine Stützfunktion aus.As already mentioned, according to the invention, plastic fibers are also used as binders for the wood particle-leather particle mixture. The plastic fibers according to the invention are bicomponent fibers. The thermally activatable plastic or binder fibers carry out both a binding and a support function in the matrix of wood fibers and leather particles due to their spatial distribution.

Bikomponentenfasern (auch als Biko-Stützfasern bezeichnet) bestehen typischerweise aus einem Tragfilament oder auch einer Kernfaser aus einem Kunststoff mit höherer Temperaturbeständigkeit, insbesondere Polyester, die von einem Kunststoff mit einem niedrigeren Schmelzpunkt, insbesondere aus Polyethylen, umhüllt bzw. ummantelt sind. Die Hülle bzw. der Mantel ermöglicht nach Aufschmelzen eine Vernetzung der Holzpartikel und/oder Lederpartikel miteinander.Bicomponent fibers (also referred to as biko support fibers) typically consist of a carrier filament or a core fiber made of a plastic with higher temperature resistance, in particular polyesters, which are coated or sheathed by a plastic with a lower melting point, in particular polyethylene. The shell or the jacket allows after melting a cross-linking of the wood particles and / or leather particles with each other.

Die unter Verwendung der Lederpartikel hergestellten Holzfaserdämmstoffplatten umfassen entsprechend 40 bis 65 Gew%, bevorzugt 45 bis 60 Gew%, insbesondere bevorzugt 45 bis 55 Gew% an Holzfasern, 5 bis 30 Gew%, bevorzugt 10 bis 20 Gew% an Lederpartikeln, mindestens ein Flammschutzmittel und mindestens ein Bindemittel.The wood fiber insulating panels produced using the leather particles accordingly comprise 40 to 65% by weight, preferably 45 to 60% by weight, particularly preferably 45 to 55% by weight of wood fibers, 5 to 30% by weight, preferably 10 to 20% by weight of leather particles, at least one flame retardant and at least one binder.

Das Flammschutzmittel kann in einer Menge zwischen 5 und 20 Gew%, bevorzugt zwischen 8 und 10 Gew%, zugegeben werden. Typische Flammschutzmittel sind dabei ausgewählt aus der Gruppe umfassend Phosphate, Borate, insbesondere Ammoniumpolyphosphat, Tris(tri-bromneopentyl)phosphat, Zinkborat oder Borsäurekomplexe von mehrwertigen Alkoholen.The flame retardant may be added in an amount between 5 and 20% by weight, preferably between 8 and 10% by weight. Typical flame retardants are selected from the group comprising phosphates, borates, in particular ammonium polyphosphate, tris (tri-bromneopentyl) phosphate, zinc borate or boric acid complexes of polyhydric alcohols.

Die vorliegenden Holzfaserdämmstoffplatten sind durch eine im Vergleich zu Holzwerkstoffplatten ohne Lederpartikel reduzierte Emission an leichtflüchtigen Verbindungen (VOCs) gekennzeichnet. Die Reduktion der VOC-Emission, insbesondere an organischen Säuren, liegt dabei bei um bis zu 50%, bevorzugt 45% insbesondere 40% niedriger als im Vergleich zu den herkömmlichen Holzwerkstoffplatten.The present wood fiber insulation panels are characterized by a reduced volatile compounds (VOCs) compared to wood-based panels without leather particles. The reduction in VOC emission, in particular of organic acids, is up to 50%, preferably 45%, in particular 40% lower than in comparison with conventional wood-based panels.

Die erfindungsgemässe Holzfaserdämmstoffplatte ist bevorzugt durch eine Reduktion der Emission an organischen Säuren, insbesondere Essigsäure, an Aldehyd und/oder Terpenen gekennzeichnet.The wood fiber insulation board according to the invention is preferably characterized by a reduction of the emission of organic acids, in particular acetic acid, of aldehyde and / or terpenes.

Die vorliegende Holzfaserdämmstoffplatte enthaltend Lederpartikel wird in einem Verfahren mit den folgenden Verfahrensschritten hergestellt:

  1. a) Herstellen von Holzfasern aus Holzhackschnitzeln,
  2. b) Vermischen der Holzfasern mit Lederpartikeln, Flammschutzmittel und Kunststofffasern als Bindemittel, wobei die Kunststofffasern mit den Holzfasern und/oder Lederpartikel nach deren Trocknung gemischt werden,
  3. c) Streuen der Mischung aus Holzfasern, Lederpartikeln, Flammschutzmittel und Kunststofffasern als Bindemittel auf ein Transportband, und
  4. d) Verdichten und Erwärmen der gebildeten Fasermatte.
The present wood fiber insulation board containing leather particles is produced in a process with the following process steps:
  1. a) producing wood fibers from woodchips,
  2. b) mixing the wood fibers with leather particles, flame retardants and plastic fibers as binders, the plastic fibers being mixed with the wood fibers and / or leather particles after they have been dried,
  3. c) spreading the mixture of wood fibers, leather particles, flame retardants and plastic fibers as a binder on a conveyor belt, and
  4. d) compacting and heating the fiber mat formed.

Zur Herstellung der Holzfasern gemäß Schritt a) werden die Holzhackschnitzel zunächst gereinigt, anschließend zerfasert und getrocknet.To produce the wood fibers according to step a), the wood chips are first cleaned, then defibered and dried.

Das Vermischen der Holzfasern mit den Lederpartikeln kann während verschiedener Verfahrensschritte erfolgen. So können die Lederpartikel vor oder während des Zerfaserungsprozesses der Holzhackschnitzel, z.B. im Kocher oder Refiner zudosiert werden. Auch ist es generell möglich, die Lederpartikel in der Blow-Line oder während des Fasermischprozesses mit dem Holzfasern in Kontakt zu bringen. Die Holzfasern werden in Abhängigkeit von verwendeten Anlagetyp und Verfahren vor oder nach dem Vermischen mit den Lederpartikeln mit Kunststofffasern als Bindemittel zusätzlich beaufschlagt. Nach Streuen der Mischung aus Holzfasern, Lederpartikel und Kunststofffasern als Bindemittel auf ein Transportband und der Ausbildung einer Holzfasermatte erfolgt zunächst ein Vorpressen, bei der die Dicke der Matte im Rahmen einer kalten Vorverdichtung reduziert wird. Anschließend wird eine Mattenbesäumung durchgeführt, während der Seitenstreifen von der Fasermatte abgetrennt werden und die Seitenstreifen in den Prozess zurückgeführt werden.The mixing of the wood fibers with the leather particles can take place during various process steps. Thus, the leather particles can be added before or during the defibration process of the wood chips, eg in the digester or refiner. It is also generally possible to bring the leather particles into contact with the wood fibers in the blow-line or during the fiber mixing process. The wood fibers are used depending on the type of equipment and method used before or after mixing with the leather particles with plastic fibers as Binder additionally applied. After scattering the mixture of wood fibers, leather particles and plastic fibers as a binder on a conveyor belt and the formation of a wood fiber mat is first carried out a pre-pressing, in which the thickness of the mat is reduced in the context of a cold pre-compression. Then a mat trimming is performed while the side panel is separated from the fiber mat and the side panels returned to the process.

Wie vorhergehend erwähnt, kommen als Bindemittel Bikomponentenfasern, zum Einsatz. Im Falle der Verwendung von flüssigen oder pulverförmigen Klebstoffkomponenten werden diese mit den Holzfasern und/oder Lederpartikel vermischt, auf ein Transportband gestreut und danach in einem Heißpressverfahren zu einer Platte verpresst. Das Vermischen der Lederpartikel mit der flüssigen und/oder pulverförmigen Klebstoffkomponente kann z.B. während der Dosierung in der Blow-Line-Zuführung erfolgen. Das Gemisch aus Lederpartikeln und Klebstoffkomponente wird anschließend in den Holzfaserstrom eingespritzt. Die Lederpartikel und das Bindemittel können aber auch nacheinander mit dem Holzfaserstrom kontaktiert werden. Es ist auch denkbar, die Lederpartikel während des Dämpfens der Hackschnitzel einzuführen oder im Refiner zuzugebenAs previously mentioned, bicomponent fibers are used as binders. In the case of the use of liquid or powdery adhesive components, these are mixed with the wood fibers and / or leather particles, spread on a conveyor belt and then pressed in a hot pressing process to a plate. The mixing of the leather particles with the liquid and / or powdery adhesive component may e.g. during dosing in the blow-line feed. The mixture of leather particles and adhesive component is then injected into the wood fiber stream. However, the leather particles and the binder can also be contacted successively with the wood fiber stream. It is also conceivable to introduce the leather particles during the damping of wood chips or to add in the refiner

Im Falle der Verwendung von gemäß der Erfindung erfolgt die Vermischung derselbigen mit den Holzfasern und/oder Lederpartiklen nach der Trocknung der Holzfasern und/oder Lederpartikel in einem separaten Prozess. Das Gemisch aus Holzfasern, Lederpartikel und Bindefasern wird auf ein Transportband gestreut. Das aufgestreute Gemisch bzw. Vlies wird anschließend in einen Heißluftofen eingeführt, in welchem das aus Holzfasern, Bindefasern und Lederpartikeln gebildete Vlies von heißer Luft durchströmt wird, wobei die Bindefasern erwärmt und angeschmolzen werden und es zur Mattenbildung kommt. Am Ofenausgang bzw. Ofenende kann eine Kalibrierung der Matte erfolgen.In the case of using according to the invention, the mixing derselbigen with the wood fibers and / or Lederpartiklen after drying of the wood fibers and / or leather particles is carried out in a separate process. The mixture of wood fibers, leather particles and binder fibers is scattered on a conveyor belt. The sprinkled mixture or fleece is then introduced into a hot air oven, in which the fleece formed from wood fibers, binder fibers and leather particles is flowed through by hot air, wherein the binding fibers are heated and melted and it comes to matting. At the furnace exit or end of the furnace, the mat can be calibrated.

Das mit dem Verdichten (bzw. Verpressen) und/oder Erwärmen verbundene Aktivieren des Bindemittels bzw. der Bikofasern in der Holzfasermatte erfolgt bevorzugt bei Temperaturen zwischen 100 °C und 250 °C, bevorzugt 130 °C und 220 °C, insbesondere bei 200 °C.The activating of the binder or of the bico fibers in the wood fiber mat associated with the compacting (or pressing) and / or heating is preferably carried out at temperatures between 100 ° C and 250 ° C, preferably 130 ° C and 220 ° C, in particular at 200 ° C.

Während des Durchlaufens des Faserkuchens durch den Ofen kommt es typischerweise zu einer Aktivierung des Bindemittels, z.B. einem Aufschmelzen des thermoplastischen Mantels von Bikomponentenfasern wodurch eine feste Verbindung zwischen den Holzfasern, Lederpartikeln und dem Bindemittel hergestellt werden. Insbesondere kommt es bei der Verwendung von Bikomponentenfasern zu einer Ausbildung eines Stützgerüstes aus den Bikomponentenfasern, in welches die Holzfasern und Lederpartikel eingelagert bzw. mit diesem verklebt werden.During the passage of the fiber cake through the oven, activation of the binder typically occurs, eg, melting of the thermoplastic shell of bicomponent fibers whereby a firm connection between the wood fibers, leather particles and the binder are produced. In particular, in the case of the use of bicomponent fibers, a construction of a support framework arises from the bicomponent fibers, into which the wood fibers and leather particles are embedded or adhesively bonded.

In der Endbearbeitung wird die Fasermatte schließlich auf die gewünschten Maße reduziert und gekühlt.During finishing, the fiber mat is finally reduced to the required dimensions and cooled.

Es ist ebenfalls vorstellbar, dass mehr als ein Bindemittel verwendet wird. So kann neben dem bereits erwähnten Bindemittel, insbesondere von aldehydfreien Bindemitteln aus der Gruppe der Isocyanate und Bikomponentenfasern weitere Bindemittel wie ein Granulat aus Kunststoff zugesetzt werden. Solch ein Granulat kann ein Kunststoffgranulat sein wie sie bei dem Recyclen von Kunststoffartikeln aus dem Dualen System anfallen.It is also conceivable that more than one binder is used. Thus, in addition to the already mentioned binder, in particular of aldehyde-free binders from the group of isocyanates and bicomponent fibers, further binders such as a granulate of plastic may be added. Such a granulate may be a plastic granulate as obtained in the recycling of plastic articles from the dual system.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend an einem Ausführungsbeispiel näher erläutert.The invention will be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment.

Ausführungsbeispiel:Embodiment:

In der Vormischung der Dämmstoffanlage wurden Holzfasern, Bicofasern (Polyesterfasern mit Polyethylen ummantelt) und feuchte Lederfalzspäne (mit Glyoxal gegerbt, Feuchte: ca. 50%) vermischt. Der Anteil der Bicofaser, die als Stützgerüst dient wurde bei 20 Gew% konstant gehalten. Die Anteile der Holzfaser wurden je nach Dosierung der Falzspäne reduziert.Wood fibers, bicrofibers (polyester fibers encased in polyethylene) and moist leather shavings (tanned with glyoxal, moisture content: approx. 50%) were mixed in the premix of the insulation system. The proportion of bicafiber serving as scaffold was kept constant at 20% by weight. The proportions of wood fiber were reduced depending on the dosage of the shavings.

Anschließend wurden die vorgemischten Fasern zu einem Faserbett gestreut und durch den Wärmeofen gefahren. Dabei schmelzen die BiCo-Fasern an und erzeugen eine Stützmatrix. Die mit Lederfalzspänen hergestellten Dämmstoffe zeigten - je nach zu dosierter Menge Falzspäne - eine zum Teil deutliche hellere Färbung.Subsequently, the premixed fibers were scattered to a fiber bed and passed through the heating furnace. The BiCo fibers melt and create a support matrix. Depending on the quantity of shavings that were to be metered, the insulation materials produced with leather shavings showed a partly clearer coloration.

Die Dämmstoffe wurden anschließend in einer Prüfkammer nach dem AgBB-Schema (Ausschuss zur gesundheitlichen Bewertung von Bauprodukten) auf ihre VOC-Emission untersucht, wobei als Leitparameter lediglich der Essigsäurewert angegeben wird. Die Emissionswerte der anderen Säuren und Aldehyde haben sich in ähnlichen Prozentsätzen reduziert. Variante Holzfaser Gew% Flammschutzmittel Gew% Bicofaser Gew.% Lederfalzspäne Gew.%, atro Essigsäureemission nach 7d in yg/m3 O-Probe 73,0 7 20 0 1426 1 64,4 7 20 8,6 925 2 55,8 7 20 17,2 741 The insulating materials were then tested in a test chamber according to the AgBB scheme (Committee for the Health Assessment of Construction Products) on their VOC emission, with only the acetic acid value is given as a guide parameter. The emission levels of the other acids and aldehydes have been reduced in similar percentages. variant Wood fiber weight% Flame retardant wt% Bicafiber wt.% Leather cuttings weight%, atro Acetic acid emission after 7d in yg / m 3 O-sample 73.0 7 20 0 1426 1 64.4 7 20 8.6 925 2 55.8 7 20 17.2 741

Wie aus den Ergebnissen zu entnehmen ist, werden die Essigsäureemissionen deutlich reduziert, wobei die Reduktion der Essigsäureemission deutlich über dem prozentualen Anteil der Lederfasern liegt. Die Lederfasern bewirken somit tatsächlich eine Emissionsreduktion.As can be seen from the results, the acetic acid emissions are significantly reduced, with the reduction of the acetic acid emission being significantly higher than the percentage of leather fibers. The leather fibers thus actually cause an emission reduction.

Die Prüfung der übrigen Produktionsparameter zeigte keine Auffälligkeiten.The examination of the other production parameters showed no abnormalities.

Claims (13)

  1. Use of leather particles in wood fibre insulation boards for reducing the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the form of aldehydes and/or organic acids liberated during the aqueous digestion of wood from the wood fibre insulation boards, wherein the wood fibre insulation boards contain formaldehyde-free binders.
  2. Use of leather particles in wood fibre insulation boards according to Claim 1, characterized in that the leather particles are present in the form of leather fibres, in particular leather shadings.
  3. Use of leather particles in wood fibre insulation boards according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that the leather particles have a moisture content of from 20 to 70%, preferably from 30 to 60%, particularly preferably from 45 to 55%.
  4. Use of leather particles in wood fibre insulation boards according to any of the preceding claims for reducing the emission of alkanoic acids, in particular acetic acid, from wood fibre insulation boards.
  5. Use of leather particles in wood fibre insulation boards according to any of the preceding claims for reducing the emission of formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, pentanal, hexanal or furfural from wood fibre insulation boards.
  6. Use of leather particles in wood fibre insulation boards according to any of the preceding claims for reducing the emission of terpenes.
  7. Use of leather particles in wood fibre insulation boards according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wood fibre insulation board comprises from 40 to 65% by weight, preferably from 45 to 60% by weight, particularly preferably from 45 to 55% by weight, of wood fibres.
  8. Use of leather particles in wood fibre insulation boards according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wood fibre insulation board comprises from 5 to 30% by weight, preferably from 10 to 20% by weight, of leather particles.
  9. Use of leather particles in wood fibre insulation boards according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wood fibre insulation board contains polymer fibres as binder.
  10. Wood fibre insulation board characterized by
    from 40 to 65% by weight, preferably from 45 to 60% by weight, particularly preferably from 45 to 55% by weight, of wood fibres,
    from 5 to 30% by weight, preferably from 10 to 20% by weight, of leather particles,
    at least one flame retardant and polymer fibres in the form of bicomponent fibres as binder,
    having a reduction of up to 50%, preferably 45%, in particular 40%, in the emission of volatile compounds (VOCs) in the form of aldehydes and/or organic acids liberated during the aqueous digestion of wood compared to wood fibre insulation boards without leather particles.
  11. Wood fibre insulation board according to Claim 10, characterized by a reduction in the emission of alkanoic acids, in particular acetic acid, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, pentanal, hexanal or furfural and/or terpenes.
  12. Process for producing a wood fibre insulation board according to either Claim 10 or 11, characterized by the following process steps:
    a) production of wood fibres from wood chips,
    b) mixing of the wood fibres with leather particles, flame retardants and polymer fibres as binder, with the polymer fibres being mixed with the wood fibres and/or leather particles after drying thereof,
    c) scattering of the mixture of wood fibres, leather particles, flame retardants and polymer fibres as binder onto a conveyor belt and
    d) compaction and/or heating of the fibre matter formed.
  13. Process according to Claim 12, characterized in that the compaction and/or heating of the mixture scattered on in step c) is carried out at temperatures in the range from 100°C to 250°C, preferably from 130°C to 220°C, in particular at 200°C.
EP13186648.5A 2013-09-30 2013-09-30 Use of leather particles in wood-based panels for reducing the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) Active EP2853648B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

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ES13186648.5T ES2641740T3 (en) 2013-09-30 2013-09-30 Use of leather particles in wood-derived matter plates to reduce the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOC)
EP13186648.5A EP2853648B1 (en) 2013-09-30 2013-09-30 Use of leather particles in wood-based panels for reducing the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
PL13186648T PL2853648T3 (en) 2013-09-30 2013-09-30 Use of leather particles in wood-based panels for reducing the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
PT131866485T PT2853648T (en) 2013-09-30 2013-09-30 Use of leather particles in wood-based panels for reducing the emission of volatile organic compounds (vocs)

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EP13186648.5A EP2853648B1 (en) 2013-09-30 2013-09-30 Use of leather particles in wood-based panels for reducing the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023285111A1 (en) * 2021-07-14 2023-01-19 Bader Gmbh & Co. Kg Insulating material and production thereof

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2045829A (en) * 1979-03-22 1980-11-05 Ato Chimie Leather fibre-containing compound material and process for manufacturing the same

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2032533C1 (en) * 1992-03-17 1995-04-10 Фирсов Юрий Николаевич Method for production of wood particle boards
US20090130474A1 (en) 2005-07-06 2009-05-21 Ipposha Oil Industries Co., Ltd. Scavenger for aldehyde(s) and a manufacturing method of a woody panel using the same
AT507040B1 (en) * 2008-06-19 2013-11-15 Lackinger Gerald Mag cOMPOSITE BODY
DE102009023643B4 (en) 2009-05-28 2016-08-18 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Wood-based product and process for its preparation
EP2567798B1 (en) 2011-09-12 2013-07-17 Kronotec AG Use of polyamine in wood materials for reducing the emission of aldehydes and/or acids

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2045829A (en) * 1979-03-22 1980-11-05 Ato Chimie Leather fibre-containing compound material and process for manufacturing the same

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023285111A1 (en) * 2021-07-14 2023-01-19 Bader Gmbh & Co. Kg Insulating material and production thereof

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PT2853648T (en) 2017-10-24
PL2853648T3 (en) 2018-03-30
EP2853648A1 (en) 2015-04-01
ES2641740T3 (en) 2017-11-13

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