EP2839939A1 - Procédé de traitement d'un bardeau de toit ou de façade - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement d'un bardeau de toit ou de façade Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2839939A1
EP2839939A1 EP13004100.7A EP13004100A EP2839939A1 EP 2839939 A1 EP2839939 A1 EP 2839939A1 EP 13004100 A EP13004100 A EP 13004100A EP 2839939 A1 EP2839939 A1 EP 2839939A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shingle
shingles
wood
front surface
roof
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP13004100.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Baltasar Hüsler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huesler Silkwood GmbH
Original Assignee
Huesler Silkwood GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huesler Silkwood GmbH filed Critical Huesler Silkwood GmbH
Priority to EP13004100.7A priority Critical patent/EP2839939A1/fr
Publication of EP2839939A1 publication Critical patent/EP2839939A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/0085—Thermal treatments, i.e. involving chemical modification of wood at temperatures well over 100°C
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
    • B27M3/02—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of roofing elements, e.g. shingles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a roof or facade shingles, wherein the shingle is made entirely of wood and has a front surface and a contact surface.
  • shingles According to a traditional construction façades or roofs of houses are covered with shingles, which are mutually staggered to the roof or the facade of a house nailed, so that a full-surface, preferably scale-like cover of the roof or the facade takes place.
  • two shingles arranged one under the other always overlap one another.
  • rain, snow, humidity or other water wetting the wood of the shingle absorbs moisture, which is released over time to the ambient air.
  • some time passes until the shingle is completely dried again, so that the introduction of moisture into the wood can lead to a rotting of the shingle, in particular in the overlapping area of two shingles.
  • a gap is formed between the shingle cover and the facade or the roof construction, which serves the ventilation of the base of the shingles.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a roof or facade shingle, which leads to a comparison with the prior art further increased life of the shingle.
  • the shingle is subjected to a thermal modification or made of thermally modified wood, and at least the front surface is subjected to a further surface treatment, which ablates a first region of the front surface stronger than a second region of the front surface, wherein the first area consists of the annual ring.
  • the thermal modification achieves the advantages already mentioned.
  • the thermally modified shingle or the shingle made of a thermally modified wood is provided for another To undergo surface treatment, which removes a first area of the front surface more than a second area.
  • the first area consists of the annual rings of the front surface.
  • the formation of a space for ventilation is no longer required, which reduces the cost of a shingle cover. Furthermore, a rottenness of the shingles in the overlapping area of two shingles is avoided.
  • the wood material of the annual rings is softer and more porous than the wood material outside the annual rings, so that the wood material of the annual rings absorbs and stores moisture more quickly.
  • the wood shingle according to the invention has a visually appealing appearance, because the recesses formed by the surface treatment with the annual rings are congruent and the wood grain is thus clearly visible even from a distance.
  • the base can also be subjected to this surface treatment, with the same advantages being achieved; with the exception that the contact surface is facing away from a viewer.
  • the ventilation of the overlapping area of two shingles and the associated ventilation is even more pronounced.
  • the effect of adequate ventilation could of course also be achieved by grooves milled in the front surface and / or contact surface of the shingle, but this would mean that the appearance of the shingles no longer correspond to a natural wood surface, so that such shingles no Market acceptance.
  • the adequate ventilation of the shingles of a roof or facade cover, in particular without a ventilation serving space between the cover and the roof or the facade, in combination with the appearance of the shingles in the form of a natural wood surface is achieved for the first time by shingles according to the invention.
  • the first region extends over the entire front surface or contact surface.
  • the surface treatment is preferably a brushing of the front or contact surface of the shingles according to the invention.
  • the surface treatment is sand blasting. Both surface treatments are a machining process that mechanically removes the surface of the shingle.
  • the wood material of the annual rings near the surface is softer and more porous than the rest of the surface, recesses are formed in the front or bottom surface of the shingle by the surface treatments without the need to control a selective removal of the surface consuming. Consequently, the surface treatment can be applied to the entire front and / or contact surface, wherein the material of the first region, the annual rings, due to the thermal modification is removed more than the remaining surface.
  • this consists entirely of the wood of the North American red oak (Quercus rubra).
  • North American red oak has the advantage of a special pore structure, which causes a high respiration of the wood, that is, that of other woods and also of European oak and North American white oak North American red oak characterized by a fast moisture release. For this reason, wine barrels can not be made from North American red oak, since the volume of liquid absorbed by such wine waters would dwindle too much.
  • the porosity causes a rapid release of moisture from the shingles outside of the overlap area, whereby the porosity of the untreated wood of the North American red oak is further enhanced by the thermal modification, since these wood components are decomposed.
  • the North American red oak is the result of a large mixture of wood species in North America and therefore found only in North America.
  • the moisture emitted by the shingles must also be transported away from the overlapping area of two shingles, which is done in a suitable manner by the depressions of the first area formed in the shingle surface.
  • the shingle consists entirely of a pine wood, in particular the wood of the American Red Pine (Pinus resinosa), the Marsh Pine (Pinus palustris) or the Monterey pine (Pinus radiata).
  • Pinewoods advantageously have a fast and straight growth, which is why they are well suited as breeding woods.
  • pine woods are coarse-pored and coarse-grained, which is why air in these woods can penetrate easier and thus moisture from shingles made of these woods can be transported more easily.
  • This effect is essentially only outside the overlap area of two shingles.
  • the coarseness is further increased by the thermal modification of the wood, as components of the wood structure are decomposed during the thermal modification.
  • the invention teaches that at least the front surface is subjected to a further surface treatment, which removes a first region of the front surface stronger than a second region, wherein the first region consists of the annual rings.
  • a further surface treatment which removes a first region of the front surface stronger than a second region, wherein the first region consists of the annual rings.
  • depressions are formed at least in the front surface, via which aeration of the overlapping region takes place.
  • the further surface treatment leads in connection with the coarsely fibrous structure many pinewoods, so the pronounced grain with broad annual rings, a shingle with pronounced depressions at least in the front surface of the shingle while maintaining the visual appearance of a real wood surface.
  • the fiber shape is very straight, so that the recesses formed by the further surface treatment extend over the entire length of the shingle.
  • the shingle consists entirely of the wood of the ash (Fraxinus excelsior).
  • Ash wood due to its tensile strength and flexural strength, is used in a variety of applications, such as furniture veneers, hand tool handles, and sports and music equipment.
  • Ash wood is hardly weather-resistant and is damaged by the weather and contact with the ground in a short time, which is why it has not been used for roof and facade cladding.
  • the thermal modification according to the invention alters the properties of the ash wood such that it is weather-resistant, ie does not shrink and swell and, provided that the moisture absorbed by the weather can be released back into the ambient air sufficiently quickly, does not rot.
  • the ash has a coarse-pored and coarse-grained structure with annual rings, which may have a width of about 1.8 mm, so that the depressions formed by the further Obef vombearbeitung cause sufficient ventilation of the overlap region of two shingles.
  • the coarse-pored structure of the ash wood causes outside the overlap area a rapid release of moisture absorbed by the weather moisture from the wood to the surrounding air.
  • the shingle consists entirely of the wood of the tulip tree (Liriodendron tulipifera).
  • the wood of the tulip tree is crack-resistant, nail-resistant and easy to work. It is used to make furniture, doors and windows, cladding and molds and musical instruments.
  • the disadvantage of the wood of the tulip tree is that it is in many Colors and is multicolored. Occurring shades are brown, red, green and yellow. For this reason, the wood of the tulip tree has not been used for the formation of roof or facade coverings, since the variegation of the tulip tree wood would affect the visual appearance of a corresponding cover massively.
  • the inventive thermal modification of a shingles made of tulip tree or the production of a shingle made of thermally modified tulip tree this problem is overcome, since the color of the tulip tree wood is converted by the thermal modification in a uniform shade of brown, the darkness or brightness of the brown tone by appropriate choice the parameter temperature, duration and atmospheric composition can be set.
  • the shingles can be subjected to a further surface treatment, the further surface treatment of at least the front surface removing a first region of the front surface more than a second region of the front surface, wherein furthermore the first region consists of the annual rings.
  • This further surface treatment can easily be done on tulip tree shingles, as this is easily machinable, and results in depressions in the shingle surface which causes a sufficiently rapid release of moisture in the overlapping area of two shingles.
  • the thermal modification is carried out by heating in an oxygen-poor or oxygen-free atmosphere to a temperature of about 150 ° C, wherein the temperature is maintained for at least 20 min.
  • a temperature of about 150 ° C wherein the temperature is maintained for at least 20 min.
  • the color of the thermally modified wood can be varied by varying the parameters of temperature, duration over which the wood is exposed to this temperature, and atmospheric composition be adjusted, with the possible colors ranging from a very light to a very dark brown.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a roof or facade cladding according to the invention 1.
  • the viewer facing the front surface 2 of the shingle 1 has a wood grain in the form of annual rings.
  • the annual rings form the first region 3.
  • the remaining region of the front surface 2 forms the second region 4, so that the entire front surface 2 consists of the first region 3 and the second region 4.
  • the contact surface facing away from the viewer also has a first region in the form of annual rings and a second region.
  • the shingle 1 also has a wedge shape, since its thickness continuously decreases from the lower edge to the upper edge. In the formation of a roof or facade cover, consisting of shingles according to the invention, has the edge with the greater thickness down.
  • a nail or screw is driven through the upper portion of each shingle, thereby securing the shingle to the roof or façade, optionally forming a bore in the upper portion, if desired.
  • An upper section of each shingle of a finished roof or facade cover is covered by another shingle, so that two shingles partially overlap each other.
  • moisture absorbed by the wood can escape only very slowly from the overlap region of two shingles, which is why the shingles rot in the overlap area over time and deform. This adversely limits the life of such a roof or facade cover of shingles.
  • This disadvantageous effect is overcome by the inventive method for producing roofing or facade shingles, so that the life of a corresponding roof or facade cover can be significantly increased.
  • it is not necessary to form a ventilation serving space between the roof or facade cover whereby at the same time a cost reduction is achieved.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a roof or facade cladding, which is subjected to the method according to the invention, wherein the representation indicated by a) shows a cross section of the shingle prior to carrying out the method according to the invention, the b) representation shows the cross section of the shingle after the thermal modification , the view denoted by c) shows the cross-section of the shingle after the further surface treatment of the front surface and the representation denoted by d) shows the cross section of the shingle after the additional further surface treatment of the contact surface.
  • the shingle 10 shown in section according to a) has a front surface 11 and a contact surface 12.
  • Annual rings 13 which extend as far as the front surface 11 and / or contact surface 12 extend over the cross section of the shingle 10. Between the annual rings 13 extend areas 14, in which the wood is another Structure and composition than in the area of annual rings 13.
  • a shingle is already subjected to a thermal modification, wherein the shingle is heated in a low-oxygen or oxygen-free atmosphere to a temperature of above 150 ° C. The temperature is maintained for at least 20 minutes. In this process, the lignin content of the wood and other components that feed wood pests are decomposed.
  • the wood in the region of the annual rings 13 softer and more porous than in the intermediate areas 14.
  • the different change in wood properties in the area of the annual rings 13 and the intermediate areas 14 is particularly pronounced near the surface, so that the front surface 11 or the contact surface 12 adjacent sections 15 of the annual rings 13 are particularly soft and brittle.
  • the representation c) shows a cross-section of the shingle 10 after the front surface 11 has been subjected to a further surface treatment, which ablates a first region of the front surface stronger than a second region 14, wherein the first region consists of the annual rings 13. Further surface treatment may involve brushing or sandblasting.
  • the further surface processing causes the sections 15 of the annual rings 13 to be removed more strongly than the areas of the front surface 11 situated between the sections 15, so that recesses 16 are formed by the further surface treatment in the front surface 11.
  • These recesses 16 cause on the one hand sufficient ventilation of the shingles, especially in the overlapping area of two shingles with a mounted roof or facade cover.
  • the depressions 16 formed by the further surface treatment in the region of the annual rings 13 cause the wood grain to be visible even from a greater distance and give the shingles an attractive appearance.
  • the cross-section of the shingle 10 is shown after also the contact surface 12 has been subjected to the further surface treatment in the form of brushing or sandblasting, so that in the contact surface 12 recesses 17 in the region of the annual rings 13 are formed.
  • FIG. 3 shows a section of a roof or facade cover, which consists of the shingles 20 according to the invention.
  • the shingles 20 are arranged in horizontal rows, wherein the shingles 20 are spaced from each other in a row and wherein two superimposed horizontal rows overlap each other.
  • the shingles according to the invention it is possible to form a roof or facade cover in such a way that the shingles adjoin one another laterally or are only very slightly spaced, since the wood of the shingles does not deform as a result of the thermal modification due to the thermal modification Increased porosity of the wood of the shingles a one-sided adjacency to the ambient air leads to a sufficient moisture release outside the overlap region, and the moisture is released from the overlap area by the formed by further surface processing depressions sufficiently fast and transported away.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section through a roof or facade cover, consisting of shingles 30 according to the invention, the illustration being limited to three shingles 30 for clarity.
  • the lower two shingles 30 are part of a first horizontal row of shingles 30.
  • the upper shingle is part of another horizontal row of shingles 30.
  • the shingles overlap each other in the area 31, in direct contact with each other in the areas 32 and 33.
  • the depressions 34 formed in the abutment surface 37 of the upper shingle 30, together with the recesses 35 formed in the front surface 36 of the lower shingles 35 provide adequate ventilation and moisture removal, thereby causing the shingles 30 to rot in the Contact areas 32, 33 prevented and the life of the shingles cover is increased.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
EP13004100.7A 2013-08-19 2013-08-19 Procédé de traitement d'un bardeau de toit ou de façade Withdrawn EP2839939A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13004100.7A EP2839939A1 (fr) 2013-08-19 2013-08-19 Procédé de traitement d'un bardeau de toit ou de façade

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13004100.7A EP2839939A1 (fr) 2013-08-19 2013-08-19 Procédé de traitement d'un bardeau de toit ou de façade

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2839939A1 true EP2839939A1 (fr) 2015-02-25

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EP13004100.7A Withdrawn EP2839939A1 (fr) 2013-08-19 2013-08-19 Procédé de traitement d'un bardeau de toit ou de façade

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EP (1) EP2839939A1 (fr)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2851953A1 (fr) 2003-03-07 2004-09-10 I B Sasu Procede de traitement thermique de bardeaux

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2851953A1 (fr) 2003-03-07 2004-09-10 I B Sasu Procede de traitement thermique de bardeaux

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