EP2839893B1 - Method for operating an indirect extrusion press and indirect extrusion press - Google Patents

Method for operating an indirect extrusion press and indirect extrusion press Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2839893B1
EP2839893B1 EP14001406.9A EP14001406A EP2839893B1 EP 2839893 B1 EP2839893 B1 EP 2839893B1 EP 14001406 A EP14001406 A EP 14001406A EP 2839893 B1 EP2839893 B1 EP 2839893B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool head
indirect
material block
receiving means
punch
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EP14001406.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2839893A1 (en
Inventor
Uwe Muschalik
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SMS Group GmbH
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SMS Group GmbH
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/21—Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C35/00—Removing work or waste from extruding presses; Drawing-off extruded work; Cleaning dies, ducts, containers, or mandrels
    • B21C35/02—Removing or drawing-off work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
    • B21C23/20—Making uncoated products by backward extrusion
    • B21C23/205—Making products of generally elongated shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/21—Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
    • B21C23/212—Details
    • B21C23/214—Devices for changing die or container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/21—Presses specially adapted for extruding metal
    • B21C23/218—Indirect extrusion presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C26/00—Rams or plungers; Discs therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C35/00—Removing work or waste from extruding presses; Drawing-off extruded work; Cleaning dies, ducts, containers, or mandrels
    • B21C35/04—Cutting-off or removing waste
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C35/00—Removing work or waste from extruding presses; Drawing-off extruded work; Cleaning dies, ducts, containers, or mandrels
    • B21C35/06—Cleaning dies, ducts, containers or mandrels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating an indirect extruder and an indirect extruder.
  • a tool head comprising a die is kept smaller in diameter than the inner diameter of a block to the extent that a shell of about 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm wall thickness remains on the inner wall of the respective block receiver, as this example in the EP 0 224 115 B1 , of the US 3,522,721 , of the DE 31 52 045 A1 , of the DE 22 37 276 A1 , the generic FR 2 148 704 A5 , of the JP S59-73012 U , of the JP S50-28467 A or the EP 0 037 485 A1 , is disclosed. Even with other materials, such as aluminum, the formation of a shell may be advantageous.
  • Indirektstempel proposes the DE 101 31 901 A1 to unscrew a clearing ring on the Indirektstempel and relieve with a lock nut or to attach a wear plate and / or a die over pin, which are shrunk into corresponding holes in the Indirektstkovs.
  • the shell formed by the pressing of the block material is generally to be removed in order to be able to realize a reliable pressing for subsequent pressing operations.
  • this is pulled out together with the tool head from the Blockaufêt, along with a high disassembly effort and assembly costs.
  • a virtually residue-free removal of the shell from the billet is not possible thereby.
  • a remaining remainder of the shell has an adverse effect on subsequent pressing operations or the reliability of subsequent pressing operations, since the remaining remainder during pressing can in particular lead to undesirable block compression of the metal block or material block during the charging process, which is provided for the subsequent pressing or pressing is.
  • the remainder of the shell can hinder the safe introduction of a new tool head or a cleaned or repaired tool head into the billet receiver. In particular, tool head may jam on the remainder.
  • step D a much more reliable removal of the shell can be realized in particular in that, according to step D, the shell or the shell formed can be pressed out of the material block receptacle by the additional tool head partly or wholly by the intended pushing out of the other tool head from the material block receptacle.
  • step D the shell or the shell formed can be pressed out of the material block receptacle by the additional tool head partly or wholly by the intended pushing out of the other tool head from the material block receptacle.
  • the pressing out of the shell from the material block receptacle by the other tool head can be carried out in a guided manner in the material block receptacle.
  • a planned in known methods consuming removal by pulling or partial withdrawal of the shell from the billet together with the tool head - which is possible only at the cost of a certain unavoidable operational uncertainty, such as falling or tilting of the tool head - can be advantageously eliminated.
  • the shell can also advantageously be removed without residue or virtually free of residue from the billet receiver or the material block receptacle.
  • step D after the partial ejection of the shell from the material block receptacle, a supernatant formed by the partial pushing out of the shell can be separated from a remainder of the material to be separated.
  • This procedure is particularly advantageous if the presence of a certain remainder of the material can not be avoided due to constructive or procedural specifications or, if necessary even desirable.
  • the supernatant can be sheared off for severing by means of a shearing knife.
  • step B of the method the further tool head can be arranged by a manipulator of an industrial robot between Indirektstempel and material block receiving block pickup and added to the other tool head.
  • step B can be carried out with very high process reliability.
  • step D the other tool head can be slid when pushed out into a predetermined position on a manipulator or in the vicinity of a manipulator of an industrial robot and then grabbed by the manipulator and moved away from the billet receiver.
  • step D can also be carried out with very high process reliability
  • a reliable removal of the shell can be realized by means of an indirect extruder, which comprises an Indirektstempel with a recordable on the Indirektstempel tool head, a closure piece and a longitudinally movable Blocketzrich with a material block receptacle for receiving a block of material, the Blockaufillon of the closure piece on the Indirektstempel in a direction of movement is movable in a straight line, wherein the indirect punches by movement of the block receiver in the direction of closure piece from the material block receptacle isMitbringbar and can be introduced by moving in the opposite direction in this, the closure piece from a maximum position with a maximum distance to the Indirektstempel to the Indirect stamp toward is linearly movable and wherein the indirect extruder is characterized in that in the maximum position, the maximum distance between the closure piece and the Indirektstkov corresponds at least to the sum of the extensions of the tool head and the block receiver in the direction of movement.
  • step B of the above method can be performed in a simple manner reliable and thus also a more reliable removal of a trained shell are made possible.
  • the reliable implementation of step B is made possible by the fact that the undisturbed arranging the further tool head between Indirektstempel and material block recording can be ensured by the provided maximum distance when the closure piece is in the maximum position or was previously moved into this maximum position. But other possibly not so reliable operation procedures in which, for example, a tool head initially ejected completely and then a new tool head after the billet has been moved as far as possible in the direction of the closure piece, is then possible.
  • the maximum distance is formed larger than the sum by more than 2 mm in order to be able to arrange the further tool head between indirect punches and material block pick-up in step B of the method very reliably and in particular with sufficient play.
  • a distance of a total of 4 mm is advantageous for a reliable operation, so that in each case 2 mm distance are available for the normal tool head change on both sides of the tool head.
  • the tool head has a tapering in the pressing direction of the indirect extruder conical section, which is provided to form a shell chamber of the indirect extruder, which is bounded by the tapered portion and the inner wall of the material block receptacle which limits the material block receptacle.
  • the tool head can be released from the clasp of the shell by pushing the tool head out of the material block receptacle against the pressing direction, as provided for the other tool head in step D of the method.
  • the indirect punch comprises a peeling ring, which delimits the shell chamber in the pressing direction and can be detached from the tool head.
  • a separation of the tool head of the peeling ring or of the Indirektstempel can be made very easily.
  • an indirect extrusion press 10 comprises an Indirektstempel 12 with a recordable on the Indirektstempel 12 tool head 14, a ram 13 with a closure piece 16 and a longitudinally movable Blocketzillon 18 with a material block receptacle 20 for receiving a block of material 22.
  • the Indirektstempel 12 further comprises a Peeling ring 42.
  • the material block 22, which is compressible into a press product by means of the indirect extruder 10, is a block of material 22 which is at least partially or wholly made of a metallic material, such as e.g. Aluminum, copper, brass or equivalent alloys may exist.
  • the billet receiver 18 is movable in a straight line from the closure piece 16 via the indirect punch 12.
  • the indirect stamp 12 can be brought out of the material block receptacle 20 by moving the block receiver 18 in the direction of the closure piece 16. Consequently, the indirect punch 12 can be introduced by moving the block receiver 18 in the opposite direction into the material block receptacle 20 (cf. Fig. 4 ). Since it essentially depends on relative movements, it goes without saying that in different embodiments, the indirect punch can also be movable, while other assemblies are merely stationary.
  • a section of the material block 22 introduced into the material block receptacle 20 has already been moved by displacing the block receiver 18 and the material block 22 by means of the closure piece 16 or by means of the press ram 13 into a press product 17 in the form of a tube by being pressed through a die 19 of FIG Tool head 14 pressed, which was removed via a provided in the Indirektstempel 12 cavity 15.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the operating state of the indirect extruder 10, in which the material block 22 has been completely compressed to produce a Presser Wegnisses 17.
  • the intended shearing blade 34 serves to shear off a press residue 35 formed during the pressing process after being extracted from the material block receptacle 20 by the tool head 14 or the block receptacle 18 and thereby by a shell 24 also formed during the pressing process which is located in a shell chamber 26 of the indirect extruder 10, wherein the shell chamber 26 is arranged radially around the tool head 14.
  • the tool head 14 has a conical section 38 tapering in the pressing direction of the indirect extruder 10 or a tapering in the opposite direction, the shell chamber 26 being formed by the tapering section 38 and the inner wall 40 of the material block receptacle 20 is limited, so the inner wall 40, which limits the material block receptacle 20.
  • FIGS. 4 to 8 serve to illustrate an embodiment of the method for operating the indirect extruder 10. After the compression of the material block 22 and the formation of the shell 24 in the shell chamber 26 are provided in the exemplary embodiment of the method to be explained further below steps A to D.
  • FIG. 4 the situation after the execution of the step A and during the execution of the step B of the method. Illustrated in the FIG. 4
  • the closure piece 16 is in a maximum position with a maximum distance between the closure piece 16 and the Indirektstempel 12, wherein the closure piece 16 and the plunger 13 is from the maximum position to the Indirektstempel 12 out linearly movable.
  • a material block 22 can be introduced into the material block receptacle 20, this functionality of the closure piece 16 or of the ram 13 being required for pressing the respective material block 22 (cf. FIG. 2 ).
  • the maximum distance is preferably formed by 7% greater than the sum the extensions of the tool head 14 and the block receiver 18 in the direction of movement, ie in the direction in which the block receiver 18 is rectilinearly movable by the closure piece 16 via the indirect punch 12.
  • FIG. 4 also illustrates, albeit schematically, that in step B the further tool head 28 is arranged by a manipulator 36 of an industrial robot shown very schematically between the indirect punch 12 and the material block receptacle 20 and received on the further tool head 28.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the situation or operating state after performing step C of the method, wherein the step C, the introduction of the Indirektstkovs 12 together with the recorded additional tool head 28 in the material block receptacle 20 and the contacting of the other tool head 28 with the other tool head 14 by moving the block receiver 18 in the opposite direction - here by moving away from the closure piece 16 - includes.
  • the FIG. 6 illustrates the situation or operating state of the indirect extruder during the performance of step D of the method.
  • the step D comprises pushing out the other tool head 14 from the material block receptacle 20 by further moving the block receiver 18 in the opposite direction, during which further movement the shell 24 is partially pushed out of the material block receptacle 20 by the further tool head 28.
  • the FIG. 6 This illustrates the situation in which step D is not yet completely completed, in particular the situation in which the shell 24 is still arranged entirely in the material block receptacle 20.
  • FIG. 7 also illustrates an operating state or situation in which the step D is not yet completely completed, but shows a relation to the in FIG. 6 situation shown later in the situation.
  • FIG. 7 It can be seen that already a substantial portion of the other tool head 14 has been pushed out of the material block receptacle 20. This other tool head 14 is pushed when pushed out into a predetermined position on a manipulator 36 of an industrial robot, wherein the manipulator 36 in the FIG. 7 is shown only very schematically.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates the situation after pushing out the other tool head 14 from the material block receptacle 20 according to step D of the method. Illustrated here is the situation that the other tool head 14 is taken after being pushed out of the manipulator 36 and moved away from the block receiver 18 by means of the manipulator 36.
  • the shell 24 through the other tool head 28 present partially pushed out of the material block receptacle 20. Illustrated is in FIG. 8 also the situation that the supernatant 30 formed by the partial pushing out of the shell 24 is separated from a very small remainder (not illustrated in detail here) of the material, namely by the overhang 30 being sheared off or severed by means of the shearing blade 34 becomes. Such a small remainder is in itself negligible and fills the space formed by the next tool head 28 only insignificantly, so that the subsequent process sequence is not impaired thereby.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates the situation, for example, after the replacement of the tool head 28 or in between, when a block of material 22 was completely pressed, is performed, wherein after the introduction of the other tool head 28 and the new tool head 28 in the material block receptacle 20th a further or new material block 22 is arranged in front of the other tool head 28 by means of a block loader 44, which pivots for this purpose in a predetermined position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer indirekten Strangpresse und eine indirekte Strangpresse.The invention relates to a method for operating an indirect extruder and an indirect extruder.

Beim indirekten Pressen roher Metallblöcke, etwa aus Kupfer, Messing oder entsprechenden Legierungen, erfolgt der Umformvorgang zum Presserzeugnis unter Ausbildung einer Schale, um beispielsweise zu vermeiden, dass Verunreinigungen an der Oberfläche des zu verformenden Blockes in das fertige Presserzeugnis gelangen. Hierbei wird ein eine Matrize umfassender Werkzeugkopf in seinem Durchmesser in dem Maße geringer als der Innendurchmesser eines Blockes gehalten, dass eine Schale von etwa 0,2 mm bis 2,0 mm Wandstärke an der Innenwandung des jeweiligen Blockaufnehmers verbleibt, wie dieses beispielsweise auch in der EP 0 224 115 B1 , der US 3,522,721 , der DE 31 52 045 A1 , der DE 22 37 276 A1 , der gattungsgemäßen FR 2 148 704 A5 , der JP S59-73012 U , der JP S50-28467 A oder der EP 0 037 485 A1 , offenbart ist. Auch bei anderen Materialien, beispielsweise bei Aluminium, kann die Ausbildung einer Schale entsprechend vorteilhaft sein.In the indirect pressing of raw metal blocks, such as copper, brass or equivalent alloys, the forming process to Presserzeugnis takes place to form a shell, for example, to prevent contaminants on the surface of the block to be deformed get into the finished Presserzeugnis. In this case, a tool head comprising a die is kept smaller in diameter than the inner diameter of a block to the extent that a shell of about 0.2 mm to 2.0 mm wall thickness remains on the inner wall of the respective block receiver, as this example in the EP 0 224 115 B1 , of the US 3,522,721 , of the DE 31 52 045 A1 , of the DE 22 37 276 A1 , the generic FR 2 148 704 A5 , of the JP S59-73012 U , of the JP S50-28467 A or the EP 0 037 485 A1 , is disclosed. Even with other materials, such as aluminum, the formation of a shell may be advantageous.

Hierbei ist zu unterscheiden zwischen direkten und indirekten Pressvorgängen, wobei beim direkten Pressen unter gleichgerichteter Führung eines Pressstempels und des umzuformenden Metalls in der Regel größere Presserzeugnisse gefertigt werden können. Beim indirekten Pressen, bei welchem der als Indirektstempel benannte Pressstempel und der Werkstoff gegensinnig geführt werden, treten in der Regel wesentlich weniger Reibungskräfte auf, da das Material nicht relativ zum Blockaufnehmer verlagert werden braucht. In der Regel können jedoch beim indirekten Pressen lediglich kleinere Presserzeugnisse hergestellt werden, da das Presserzeugnis durch den Indirektstempel hindurch abgeführt werden muss.In this case, a distinction must be made between direct and indirect pressing operations, it being possible to produce larger press products during direct pressing under the same guidance of a press ram and the metal to be formed. In indirect pressing, in which the named as Indirektstempel ram and the material are guided in opposite directions, occur in the rule much less frictional forces, since the material does not need to be relocated relative to the billet. As a rule, however, only smaller press products can be produced during indirect pressing, since the press product has to be removed through the indirect punch.

Zur Verringerung von Werkstoffspannungen im Indirektstempel schlägt die DE 101 31 901 A1 vor, einen Räumring auf den Indirektstempel aufzuschrauben und mit einer Kontermutter zu entlasten bzw. eine Verschleißplatte und/oder eine Matrize über Steckbolzen, die in entsprechende Bohrungen des Indirektstempels eingeschrumpft sind, zu befestigen.To reduce material stresses in Indirektstempel proposes the DE 101 31 901 A1 to unscrew a clearing ring on the Indirektstempel and relieve with a lock nut or to attach a wear plate and / or a die over pin, which are shrunk into corresponding holes in the Indirektstempels.

Nach ein oder mehreren Pressvorgängen ist in der Regel die sich durch das Verpressen des Blockmaterials gebildete Schale zu entfernen, um ein betriebssicheres Pressen für nachfolgende Pressvorgänge realisieren zu können. Bei bekannten Verfahren wird zum Entfernen der Schale diese zusammen mit dem Werkzeugkopf aus dem Blockaufnehmer herausgezogen, einhergehend mit einem hohen Demontageaufwand bzw. Montageaufwand. Ein nahezu restfreies Entfernen der Schale aus dem Blockaufnehmer ist dadurch jedoch nicht möglich. Ein verbleibender Rest der Schale wirkt sich jedoch nachteilig auf nachfolgende Pressvorgänge bzw. die Betriebssicherheit nachfolgender Pressvorgänge aus, da der verbleibende Rest beim Pressen insbesondere zu einer unerwünschten Blockstauchung des Metallblocks bzw. Werkstoffblocks beim Ladevorgang führen kann, der für die nachfolgende Verpressung bzw. Pressung vorgesehen ist. Ferner kann der verbleibende Rest der Schale ein sicheres Einbringen eines neuen Werkzeugkopfes bzw. eines gereinigten oder instand gesetzten Werkzeugkopfes in den Blockaufnehmer behindern. Insbesondere kann sich Werkzeugkopf an dem verbleibenden Rest verklemmen.After one or more pressing operations, the shell formed by the pressing of the block material is generally to be removed in order to be able to realize a reliable pressing for subsequent pressing operations. In known methods for removing the shell, this is pulled out together with the tool head from the Blockaufnehmer, along with a high disassembly effort and assembly costs. A virtually residue-free removal of the shell from the billet is not possible thereby. However, a remaining remainder of the shell has an adverse effect on subsequent pressing operations or the reliability of subsequent pressing operations, since the remaining remainder during pressing can in particular lead to undesirable block compression of the metal block or material block during the charging process, which is provided for the subsequent pressing or pressing is. Furthermore, the remainder of the shell can hinder the safe introduction of a new tool head or a cleaned or repaired tool head into the billet receiver. In particular, tool head may jam on the remainder.

Es ist Aufgabe vorliegender Erfindung, ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer indirekten Strangpresse sowie eine indirekte Strangpresse anzugeben, mit welchen ein betriebssicheres Entfernen einer während eines oder mehrerer Pressvorgänge gebildeten Schale möglich ist.It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for operating an indirect extruder and an indirect extruder, with which a reliable removal of a shell formed during one or more pressing operations is possible.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit einem Verfahren zum Betreiben einer indirekten Strangpresse mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 und mit einer indirekten Strangpresse mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 6 gelöst. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen bzw. Ausgestaltungen finden sich in den Unteransprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung.This object is achieved with a method for operating an indirect extrusion press having the features of claim 1 and with an indirect extrusion press having the features of claim 6. Further advantageous embodiments or embodiments can be found in the subclaims and the following description.

Beim Betreiben einer indirekten Strangpresse kann ein gegenüber bekannten Verfahren betriebssicheres Entfernen der Schale dadurch realisiert werden, dass die folgenden Schritte vorgesehen sind:

  1. (A) Herausbringen des Indirektstempels aus der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme durch Bewegen des Blockaufnehmers in Richtung Verschlussstück,
  2. (B) Anordnen eines weiteren Werkzeugkopfes zwischen Indirektstempel und Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme und Aufnehmen des weiteren Werkzeugkopfes an dem Indirektstempel,
  3. (C) Einbringen des Indirektstempels zusammen mit dem aufgenommenen weiteren Werkzeugkopf in die Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme und In-Kontakt-Bringen des weiteren Werkzeugkopfes mit dem anderen Werkzeugkopf durch Bewegen des Blockaufnehmers in der entgegengesetzten Richtung, und
  4. (D) Herausschieben des anderen Werkzeugkopfes aus der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme durch weiteres Bewegen des Blockaufnehmers in der entgegengesetzten Richtung, wobei bei dem weiteren Bewegen die Schale durch den weiteren Werkzeugkopf teilweise oder zur Gänze aus der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme gedrückt wird.
When operating an indirect extrusion press, reliable removal of the shell compared to known methods can be achieved by providing the following steps:
  1. (A) bringing out the indirect punch from the material block holder by moving the block receiver in the direction of the closure piece,
  2. (B) arranging a further tool head between the indirect punch and material block receptacle and receiving the further tool head on the indirect punch,
  3. (C) introducing the Indirektstempels together with the recorded additional tool head in the material block receiving and contacting the other tool head with the other tool head by moving the block receiver in the opposite direction, and
  4. (D) pushing out of the other tool head from the material block recording by further moving the block receiver in the opposite direction, wherein in the further moving the shell is pressed by the other tool head partially or wholly from the material block recording.

Im Unterschied zu den bekannten Verfahren, bei denen eine sich durch das Verpressen des oder der Werkstoffblöcke gebildete Schale aufwendig durch Herausziehen des jeweiligen Werkzeugkopfes aus dem Blockaufnehmer entfernt wird, kann durch Vorsehen der Schritte A bis D ein wesentlich betriebssichereres Entfernen der Schale insbesondere dadurch realisiert werden, dass gemäß Schritt D durch das vorgesehene Herausschieben des anderen Werkzeugkopfes aus der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme die Schale bzw. die sich ausgebildete Schale durch den weiteren Werkzeugkopf teilweise oder zur Gänze aus der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme herausgedrückt werden kann. Dies ist insbesondere eine Folge des Umstands, dass das Herausdrücken der Schale aus der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme durch den weiteren Werkzeugkopf in geführter Weise in der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme vorgenommen werden kann. Ein bei bekannten Verfahren vorgesehenes aufwendiges Entfernen durch Herausziehen bzw. teilweises Herausziehen der Schale aus dem Blockaufnehmer zusammen mit dem Werkzeugkopf - was nur unter Inkaufnahme einer gewissen unvermeidbaren Betriebsunsicherheit, wie z.B. dem Herunterfallen oder Verkannten des Werkzeugkopfs möglich ist - kann vorteilhaft entfallen.In contrast to the known methods in which a shell formed by the pressing of the material blocks or is removed consuming by pulling the respective tool head from the billet, by providing the steps A to D, a much more reliable removal of the shell can be realized in particular in that, according to step D, the shell or the shell formed can be pressed out of the material block receptacle by the additional tool head partly or wholly by the intended pushing out of the other tool head from the material block receptacle. This is in particular a consequence of the fact that the pressing out of the shell from the material block receptacle by the other tool head can be carried out in a guided manner in the material block receptacle. A planned in known methods consuming removal by pulling or partial withdrawal of the shell from the billet together with the tool head - which is possible only at the cost of a certain unavoidable operational uncertainty, such as falling or tilting of the tool head - can be advantageously eliminated.

Durch geeignete Prozessführung insbesondere bei der Durchführung des Schritts D kann die Schale ferner vorteilhaft restfrei bzw. nahezu restfrei aus dem Blockaufnehmer bzw. der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme entfernt werden.By suitable process control, in particular in the implementation of step D, the shell can also advantageously be removed without residue or virtually free of residue from the billet receiver or the material block receptacle.

Insbesondere durch das Einbringen des Indirektstempels zusammen mit dem aufgenommenen weiteren Werkzeugkopf in die Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme und In-Kontakt-Bringen des weiteren Werkzeugkopfes mit dem anderen Werkzeugkopf durch Bewegen des Blockaufnehmers in der entgegengesetzten Richtung, wie dieses in (C) vorgenommen wird, kann sichergestellt werden, dass der weitere Werkzeugkopf eine Bewegung in Bezug auf den Blockaufnehmer durchführt, die seiner Bewegung beim Indirektpressen selbst entspricht, so dass auch etwaige Schalenreste innerhalb des Blockaufnehmers bei geeigneter Verfahrensführung betriebssicher genauso behandelt werden, wie das gepresste Material selbst. Insbesondere kann beispielsweise ein Schälring des weiteren Werkzeugkopf auf etwaige Reste innerhalb des Werkstoffblocks entsprechend einwirken.In particular, by introducing the Indirektstempels together with the recorded additional tool head in the material block recording and bringing the other tool head with the other tool head by moving the block receiver in the opposite direction, as this is done in (C) can be ensured be that the additional tool head performs a movement in relation to the billet, which corresponds to its movement during indirect pressing itself, so that any peel residues within the billet with a suitable process management are treated reliably the same as the pressed material itself. In particular, for example, a peeling ring Furthermore, the tool head act on any residues within the material block accordingly.

Sofern in Schritt D bei dem weiteren Bewegen die Schale durch den weiteren Werkzeugkopf teilweise aus der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme herausgedrückt wird, kann in Schritt D nach dem teilweisen Herausdrücken der Schale aus der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme ein durch das teilweise Herausdrücken der Schale gebildete Überstand von einem Rest des Werkstoffs abgetrennt werden. Diese Vorgehensweise ist insbesondere dann von Vorteil, wenn aufgrund konstruktiver bzw. prozesstechnischer Vorgaben das Vorliegen eines gewissen Rests des Werkstoffs nicht vermieden werden kann bzw. gegebenenfalls sogar erwünscht ist. Besonders vorteilhaft kann der Überstand zum Abtrennen mittels eines Schermessers abgeschert werden.If, in the further movement, the shell is pressed out of the material block receptacle by the further tool head in step D, in step D, after the partial ejection of the shell from the material block receptacle, a supernatant formed by the partial pushing out of the shell can be separated from a remainder of the material to be separated. This procedure is particularly advantageous if the presence of a certain remainder of the material can not be avoided due to constructive or procedural specifications or, if necessary even desirable. Particularly advantageously, the supernatant can be sheared off for severing by means of a shearing knife.

In Schritt B des Verfahrens kann der weitere Werkzeugkopf von einem Manipulator eines Industrieroboters zwischen Indirektstempel und Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme Blockaufnehmer angeordnet und an dem weiteren Werkzeugkopf aufgenommen werden. Durch den Einsatz des Manipulators eines Industrieroboters kann Schritt B mit sehr hoher Prozesssicherheit durchgeführt werden.In step B of the method, the further tool head can be arranged by a manipulator of an industrial robot between Indirektstempel and material block receiving block pickup and added to the other tool head. By using the manipulator of an industrial robot, step B can be carried out with very high process reliability.

In Schritt D kann der andere Werkzeugkopf bei dem Herausschieben in eine vorgegebene Position an einem Manipulator oder in Umgebung eines Manipulators eines Industrieroboters geschoben werden und anschließend von dem Manipulator ergriffen und von dem Blockaufnehmer wegbewegt werden. Durch diesen Einsatz des Manipulators eines Industrieroboters in Schritt D kann auch Schritt D mit sehr hoher Prozesssicherheit durchgeführt werdenIn step D, the other tool head can be slid when pushed out into a predetermined position on a manipulator or in the vicinity of a manipulator of an industrial robot and then grabbed by the manipulator and moved away from the billet receiver. Through this use of the manipulator of an industrial robot in step D, step D can also be carried out with very high process reliability

Durch geeignete Einbindung in den gesamten Verfahrensablauf kann aufgrund des Vorsehens eines Manipulators in den Schritten B und C in der oben beschriebenen Art und Weise auch vorteilhaft ein hoher Automatisierungsgrad erzielt werden.By suitable integration into the entire process sequence, a high degree of automation can advantageously also be achieved due to the provision of a manipulator in steps B and C in the manner described above.

Ein betriebssicheres Entfernen der Schale kann mittels einer indirekten Strangpresse realisiert werden, die einen Indirektstempel mit einem an dem Indirektstempel aufnehmbaren Werkzeugkopf, ein Verschlussstück und einen längsbeweglichen Blockaufnehmer mit einer Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme zur Aufnahme eines Werkstoffblocks umfasst, wobei der Blockaufnehmer von dem Verschlussstück über den Indirektstempel in eine Bewegungsrichtung gradlinig beweglich ist, wobei der Indirektstempel durch Bewegung des Blockaufnehmers in Richtung Verschlussstück aus der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme herausbringbar ist und durch Bewegen in der entgegengesetzten Richtung in diese einbringbar ist, wobei das Verschlussstück von einer Maximalposition mit maximalem Abstand zu dem Indirektstempel zu dem Indirektstempel hin geradlinig bewegbar ist und wobei sich die indirekte Strangpresse dadurch auszeichnet, dass in der Maximalposition der maximale Abstand zwischen dem Verschlussstück und dem Indirektstempel zumindest der Summe der Erstreckungen des Werkzeugkopfs und des Blockaufnehmers in der Bewegungsrichtung entspricht.A reliable removal of the shell can be realized by means of an indirect extruder, which comprises an Indirektstempel with a recordable on the Indirektstempel tool head, a closure piece and a longitudinally movable Blockaufnehmer with a material block receptacle for receiving a block of material, the Blockaufnehmer of the closure piece on the Indirektstempel in a direction of movement is movable in a straight line, wherein the indirect punches by movement of the block receiver in the direction of closure piece from the material block receptacle is herausbringbar and can be introduced by moving in the opposite direction in this, the closure piece from a maximum position with a maximum distance to the Indirektstempel to the Indirect stamp toward is linearly movable and wherein the indirect extruder is characterized in that in the maximum position, the maximum distance between the closure piece and the Indirektstempel corresponds at least to the sum of the extensions of the tool head and the block receiver in the direction of movement.

Durch Vorsehen dieses maximalen Abstandes kann Schritt B des obigen Verfahrens auf einfache Weise betriebssicher durchgeführt und mithin auch ein betriebssichereres Entfernen einer ausgebildeten Schale ermöglicht werden. Die betriebssichere Durchführung des Schritts B wird dadurch ermöglicht, dass durch den bereitgestellten maximalen Abstand ein ungestörtes Anordnen des weiteren Werkzeugkopfs zwischen Indirektstempel und Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme gewährleistet werden kann, wenn sich das Verschlussstück in der Maximalposition befindet bzw. zuvor in diese Maximalposition hinein bewegt wurde. Aber auch andere möglicherweise nicht so ganz betriebssichere Verfahrensführungen, bei welchen beispielsweise ein Werkzeugkopf zunächst ganz ausgestoßen und anschließend ein neuer Werkzeugkopf, nachdem der Blockaufnehmer in Richtung auf das Verschlussstück weitest möglich verlagert wurde, eingesetzt wird, sind dann möglich.By providing this maximum distance, step B of the above method can be performed in a simple manner reliable and thus also a more reliable removal of a trained shell are made possible. The reliable implementation of step B is made possible by the fact that the undisturbed arranging the further tool head between Indirektstempel and material block recording can be ensured by the provided maximum distance when the closure piece is in the maximum position or was previously moved into this maximum position. But other possibly not so reliable operation procedures in which, for example, a tool head initially ejected completely and then a new tool head after the billet has been moved as far as possible in the direction of the closure piece, is then possible.

Besonders bevorzugt ist der maximale Abstand um mehr als 2 mm größer ausgebildet als die Summe, um das Anordnen des weiteren Werkzeugkopfs zwischen Indirektstempel und Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme in Schritt B des Verfahrens sehr betriebssicher und insbesondere mit ausreichendem Spiel durchführen zu können. Insbesondere ist für einen betriebssicheren Ablauf ein Abstand von insgesamt 4 mm vorteilhaft, so dass für den normalen Werkzeugkopfwechsel beidseits des Werkzeugkopfes jeweils 2 mm Abstand zur Verfügung stehen.Particularly preferably, the maximum distance is formed larger than the sum by more than 2 mm in order to be able to arrange the further tool head between indirect punches and material block pick-up in step B of the method very reliably and in particular with sufficient play. In particular, a distance of a total of 4 mm is advantageous for a reliable operation, so that in each case 2 mm distance are available for the normal tool head change on both sides of the tool head.

Erfindungsgemäß weist der Werkzeugkopf einen sich in Pressrichtung der indirekten Strangpresse verjüngenden konischen Abschnitt auf, der zur Ausbildung einer Schalenkammer der indirekten Strangpresse vorgesehen ist, welche von dem sich verjüngenden Abschnitt und der Innenwandung der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme begrenzt ist, welche die Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme begrenzt. Durch Vorsehen des sich verjüngenden konischen Abschnitts kann vorteilhaft der Werkzeugkopf aus der Umklammerung der Schale gelöst werden, und zwar durch Herausschieben des Werkzeugkopfs entgegen der Pressrichtung aus der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme, wie es für den anderen Werkzeugkopf in Schritt D des Verfahrens vorgesehen ist.According to the invention, the tool head has a tapering in the pressing direction of the indirect extruder conical section, which is provided to form a shell chamber of the indirect extruder, which is bounded by the tapered portion and the inner wall of the material block receptacle which limits the material block receptacle. Advantageously, by providing the tapered conical portion, the tool head can be released from the clasp of the shell by pushing the tool head out of the material block receptacle against the pressing direction, as provided for the other tool head in step D of the method.

Erfindungsgemäß umfasst der Indirektstempel einen Schälring, der die Schalenkammer in Pressrichtung begrenzt und von dem Werkzeugkopf lösbar ist. Auf diese Weise kann eine Trennung des Werkzeugkopfs von dem Schälring bzw. von dem Indirektstempel sehr einfach vorgenommen werden. Ebenso ist es ohne weiteres möglich, einen neuen Werkzeugkopf vor dem Schälring zu platzieren.According to the invention, the indirect punch comprises a peeling ring, which delimits the shell chamber in the pressing direction and can be detached from the tool head. In this way, a separation of the tool head of the peeling ring or of the Indirektstempel can be made very easily. Likewise, it is readily possible to place a new tool head in front of the peeling ring.

Weitere Vorteile, Ziele und Eigenschaften vorliegender Erfindung werden anhand nachfolgender Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen erläutert, die insbesondere auch in der anliegenden Zeichnung dargestellt sind. In der Zeichnung zeigen:

Figur 1
eine schematische Darstellung einer indirekten Strangpresse zusammen mit einem für ein Verpressen vorgesehenen Werkstoffblock;
Figur 2
eine schematische Darstellung der indirekten Strangpresse gemäß Figur 1 in einem Betriebszustand, in welchem ein Abschnitt des Werkstoffblocks bereits zur Ausbildung eines Presserzeugnisses verpresst wurde;
Figur 3
eine schematische Darstellung der indirekten Strangpresse gemäß Figuren 1 und 2 in einem Betriebszustand, in welchem der Werkstoffblock zur Erzeugung eines Presserzeugnisses vollständig verpresst wurde;
Figuren 4 bis 8
jeweils eine schematische Darstellung der indirekten Strangpresse gemäß Figuren 1 bis 3 mit zwei Werkzeugköpfen, wobei die Darstellungen zur Veranschaulichung eines Ausführungsbeispiels des Verfahrens zum Betreiben einer indirekten Strangpresse vorgesehen sind;
Figur 9
die indirekte Strangpresse der Figur 1 bis 8 zusammen mit einem Werkstoffblock in einer Blockladeposition zur Vorbereitung eines Pressvorgangs.
Further advantages, objects and features of the present invention will be explained with reference to the following description of exemplary embodiments, which are also illustrated in particular in the attached drawing. In the drawing show:
FIG. 1
a schematic representation of an indirect extrusion press together with a provided for a compression material block;
FIG. 2
a schematic representation of the indirect extruder according to FIG. 1 in an operating condition in which a portion of the block of material has already been crimped to form a press product;
FIG. 3
a schematic representation of the indirect extruder according to FIGS. 1 and 2 in an operating condition in which the block of material for producing a press product has been completely compressed;
FIGS. 4 to 8
in each case a schematic representation of the indirect extruder according to FIGS. 1 to 3 with two tool heads, wherein the illustrations are provided to illustrate an embodiment of the method for operating an indirect extruder;
FIG. 9
the indirect extruder of the Figure 1 to 8 together with a block of material in a block loading position to prepare a pressing operation.

Das in Figur 1 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel einer indirekten Strangpresse 10 umfasst einen Indirektstempel 12 mit einem an dem Indirektstempel 12 aufnehmbaren Werkzeugkopf 14, einen Pressstempel 13 mit einem Verschlussstück 16 und einen längsbeweglichen Blockaufnehmer 18 mit einer Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme 20 zur Aufnahme eines Werkstoffblockes 22. Der Indirektstempel 12 umfasst ferner einen Schälring 42.This in FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment of an indirect extrusion press 10 comprises an Indirektstempel 12 with a recordable on the Indirektstempel 12 tool head 14, a ram 13 with a closure piece 16 and a longitudinally movable Blockaufnehmer 18 with a material block receptacle 20 for receiving a block of material 22. The Indirektstempel 12 further comprises a Peeling ring 42.

Bei dem Werkstoffblock 22, welcher mittels der indirekten Strangpresse 10 zu einem Presserzeugnis verpressbar ist, handelt es sich um einen Werkstoffblock 22, der wenigstens teilweise oder zur Gänze aus einem metallischen Material, wie z.B. Aluminium, Kupfer, Messing oder entsprechenden Legierungen bestehen kann.The material block 22, which is compressible into a press product by means of the indirect extruder 10, is a block of material 22 which is at least partially or wholly made of a metallic material, such as e.g. Aluminum, copper, brass or equivalent alloys may exist.

Der Blockaufnehmer 18 ist von dem Verschlussstück 16 über den Indirektstempel 12 gradlinig beweglich. Der Indirektstempel 12 ist durch Bewegen des Blockaufnehmers 18 in Richtung Verschlussstück 16 aus der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme 20 herausbringbar. Mithin ist der Indirektstempel 12 durch Bewegen des Blockaufnehmers 18 in der entgegengesetzten Richtung in die Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme 20 einbringbar (vgl. hierzu auch Fig. 4). Da es hierbei im Wesentlichen auf Relativbewegungen ankommt, versteht es sich, dass in abweichenden Ausführungsformen auch der Indirektstempel bewegbar sein kann, während andere Baugruppen lediglich stillstehend ausgebildet sind.The billet receiver 18 is movable in a straight line from the closure piece 16 via the indirect punch 12. The indirect stamp 12 can be brought out of the material block receptacle 20 by moving the block receiver 18 in the direction of the closure piece 16. Consequently, the indirect punch 12 can be introduced by moving the block receiver 18 in the opposite direction into the material block receptacle 20 (cf. Fig. 4 ). Since it essentially depends on relative movements, it goes without saying that in different embodiments, the indirect punch can also be movable, while other assemblies are merely stationary.

Bei dem in Figur 2 veranschaulichten Betriebszustand wurde ein Abschnitt des in die Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme 20 eingebrachten Werkstoffblocks 22 durch Verschieben des Blockaufnehmers 18 und des Werkstoffblocks 22 mittels des Verschlussstücks 16 bzw. mittels des Pressstempels 13 bereits zu einem Presserzeugnis 17 in Form eines Rohres durch Hindurchpressen durch eine Matrize 19 des Werkzeugkopfs 14 verpresst, welches über einen in dem Indirektstempel 12 vorgesehenen Hohlraum 15 abgeführt wurde.At the in FIG. 2 1, a section of the material block 22 introduced into the material block receptacle 20 has already been moved by displacing the block receiver 18 and the material block 22 by means of the closure piece 16 or by means of the press ram 13 into a press product 17 in the form of a tube by being pressed through a die 19 of FIG Tool head 14 pressed, which was removed via a provided in the Indirektstempel 12 cavity 15.

Die Figur 3 veranschaulicht den Betriebszustand der indirekten Strangpresse 10, in welchem der Werkstoffblock 22 zur Erzeugung eines Presserzeugnisses 17 vollständig verpresst wurde. Das vorgesehene Schermesser 34 dient dazu, einen sich während des Pressvorgangs gebildeten Pressrest 35 nach dem Heraussstrippen bzw. Herausdrücken aus der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme 20 von dem Werkzeugkopf 14 bzw. dem Blockaufnehmer 18 abzuscheren und dabei von einer sich ebenfalls während des Pressvorgangs gebildeten Schale 24 zu trennen, die sich in einer Schalenkammer 26 der indirekten Strangpresse 10 befindet, wobei die Schalenkammer 26 radial um den Werkzeugkopf 14 angeordnet ist.The FIG. 3 illustrates the operating state of the indirect extruder 10, in which the material block 22 has been completely compressed to produce a Presserzeugnisses 17. The intended shearing blade 34 serves to shear off a press residue 35 formed during the pressing process after being extracted from the material block receptacle 20 by the tool head 14 or the block receptacle 18 and thereby by a shell 24 also formed during the pressing process which is located in a shell chamber 26 of the indirect extruder 10, wherein the shell chamber 26 is arranged radially around the tool head 14.

Zur Ausbildung der Schalenkammer 26 weist der Werkzeugkopf 14 einen sich in Pressrichtung der indirekten Strangpresse 10 bzw. einen sich in der entgegengesetzten Richtung verjüngenden konischen Abschnitt 38 auf, wobei die Schalenkammer 26 vom dem sich verjüngenden Abschnitt 38 und der Innenwandung 40 der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme 20 begrenzt ist, also der Innenwandung 40, welche die Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme 20 begrenzt.In order to form the shell chamber 26, the tool head 14 has a conical section 38 tapering in the pressing direction of the indirect extruder 10 or a tapering in the opposite direction, the shell chamber 26 being formed by the tapering section 38 and the inner wall 40 of the material block receptacle 20 is limited, so the inner wall 40, which limits the material block receptacle 20.

Figuren 4 bis 8 dienen der Veranschaulichung eines Ausführungsbeispiels des Verfahrens zum Betreiben der indirekten Strangpresse 10. Nach dem Verpressen des Werkstoffblocks 22 und der Ausbildung der Schale 24 in der Schalenkammer 26 sind bei dem hier zu veranschaulichen Ausführungsbeispiel des Verfahrens die nachfolgend weiter erläuterten Schritte A bis D vorgesehen. FIGS. 4 to 8 serve to illustrate an embodiment of the method for operating the indirect extruder 10. After the compression of the material block 22 and the formation of the shell 24 in the shell chamber 26 are provided in the exemplary embodiment of the method to be explained further below steps A to D.

So veranschaulicht die Figur 4 die Situation bzw. den Betriebszustand nach dem Durchführen des Schritts A und während des Durchführens des Schritts B des Verfahrens. Veranschaulicht ist in der Figur 4 also die Situation bzw. der Betriebszustand nach dem Herausbringen des Indirektstempels 12 aus der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme 20 durch Bewegen des Blockaufnehmers 18 in Richtung Verschlussstück 16 und nach dem Anordnen eines weiteren Werkzeugkopfs 28 zwischen Indirektstempel 12 und Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme 20, jedoch vor dem Aufnehmen des weiteren Werkzeugkopfs 28 an dem Indirektstempels 12.This is illustrated by the FIG. 4 the situation after the execution of the step A and during the execution of the step B of the method. Illustrated in the FIG. 4 Thus, the situation or the operating state after removing the Indirektstempels 12 from the material block receptacle 20 by moving the block receiver 18 in the direction of closure piece 16 and after the Arranging a further tool head 28 between Indirektstempel 12 and material block receptacle 20, but prior to receiving the other tool head 28 on the Indirektstempels 12th

In der in Figur 4 dargestellten Situation befindet sich das Verschlussstück 16 in einer Maximalposition mit maximalem Abstand zwischen dem Verschlussstück 16 und dem Indirektstempel 12, wobei das Verschlussstück 16 bzw. der Pressstempel 13 von der Maximalposition zu dem Indirektstempel 12 hin gradlinig beweglich ist. Durch Bewegen des Verschlussstückes 16 bzw. des Pressstempels 13 zu dem Indirektstempel 12 kann ein Werkstoffblock 22 in die Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme 20 eingebracht werden, wobei diese Funktionalität des Verschlussstücks 16 bzw. des Pressstempels 13 zum Verpressen des jeweiligen Werkstoffblocks 22 erforderlich ist (vgl. auch Figur 2).In the in FIG. 4 the closure piece 16 is in a maximum position with a maximum distance between the closure piece 16 and the Indirektstempel 12, wherein the closure piece 16 and the plunger 13 is from the maximum position to the Indirektstempel 12 out linearly movable. By moving the closure piece 16 or the press ram 13 to the indirect ram 12, a material block 22 can be introduced into the material block receptacle 20, this functionality of the closure piece 16 or of the ram 13 being required for pressing the respective material block 22 (cf. FIG. 2 ).

Um ein störungsfreies bzw. betriebssicheres Anordnen des weiteren Werkzeugkopfs 28 zwischen Indirektstempel 12 und Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme 20 und auch störungsfreies bzw. betriebssicheres Aufnehmen des weiteren Werkzeugkopfs 28 an dem Indirektstempel 12 zu realisieren, ist der maximale Abstand vorzugsweise um 7 % größer ausgebildet als die Summe der Erstreckungen des Werkzeugkopfes 14 und des Blockaufnehmers 18 in der Bewegungsrichtung, also in der Richtung, in welcher der Blockaufnehmer 18 von dem Verschlussstück 16 über den Indirektstempel 12 geradlinig beweglich ist.In order to realize a trouble-free or reliable arrangement of the other tool head 28 between Indirektstempel 12 and material block receptacle 20 and also trouble-free or reliable receiving the other tool head 28 on the Indirektstempel 12, the maximum distance is preferably formed by 7% greater than the sum the extensions of the tool head 14 and the block receiver 18 in the direction of movement, ie in the direction in which the block receiver 18 is rectilinearly movable by the closure piece 16 via the indirect punch 12.

Die Figur 4 veranschaulicht auch, wenn auch nur schematisch, dass in Schritt B der weitere Werkzeugkopf 28 von einem sehr schematisch dargestellten Manipulator 36 eines Industrieroboters zwischen dem Indirektstempel 12 und der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme 20 angeordnet und an dem weiteren Werkzeugkopf 28 aufgenommen wird.The FIG. 4 also illustrates, albeit schematically, that in step B the further tool head 28 is arranged by a manipulator 36 of an industrial robot shown very schematically between the indirect punch 12 and the material block receptacle 20 and received on the further tool head 28.

Die Figur 5 veranschaulicht die Situation bzw. den Betriebszustand nach dem Durchführen des Schrittes C des Verfahrens, wobei der Schritt C das Einbringen des Indirektstempels 12 zusammen mit dem aufgenommenen weiteren Werkzeugkopf 28 in die Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme 20 und das In-Kontakt-Bringen des weiteren Werkzeugkopfes 28 mit dem anderen Werkzeugkopf 14 durch Bewegen des Blockaufnehmers 18 in der entgegengesetzten Richtung - hier also durch wegbewegen von dem Verschlussstück 16 - umfasst.The FIG. 5 illustrates the situation or operating state after performing step C of the method, wherein the step C, the introduction of the Indirektstempels 12 together with the recorded additional tool head 28 in the material block receptacle 20 and the contacting of the other tool head 28 with the other tool head 14 by moving the block receiver 18 in the opposite direction - here by moving away from the closure piece 16 - includes.

Die Figur 6 veranschaulicht die Situation bzw. den Betriebszustand der indirekten Strangpresse während des Durchführens bzw. Vornehmes des Schritts D des Verfahrens. Der Schritt D umfasst das Herausschieben des anderen Werkzeugkopfs 14 aus der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme 20 durch weiteres Bewegen des Blockaufnehmers 18 in der entgegengesetzten Richtung, wobei bei dem weiteren Bewegen die Schale 24 durch den weiteren Werkzeugkopf 28 teilweise aus der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme 20 herausgedrückt wird. Die Figur 6 veranschaulicht hierbei die Situation, in welcher Schritt D noch nicht vollständig abgeschlossen ist, insbesondere die Situation, in welcher die Schale 24 noch zur Gänze in der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme 20 angeordnet ist.The FIG. 6 illustrates the situation or operating state of the indirect extruder during the performance of step D of the method. The step D comprises pushing out the other tool head 14 from the material block receptacle 20 by further moving the block receiver 18 in the opposite direction, during which further movement the shell 24 is partially pushed out of the material block receptacle 20 by the further tool head 28. The FIG. 6 This illustrates the situation in which step D is not yet completely completed, in particular the situation in which the shell 24 is still arranged entirely in the material block receptacle 20.

Die Figur 7 veranschaulicht ebenfalls einen Betriebszustand bzw. eine Situation, in welcher der Schritt D noch nicht vollständig abgeschlossen ist, zeigt jedoch eine gegenüber der in Figur 6 dargestellten Situation zeitlich spätere Situation. Der Figur 7 ist zu entnehmen, dass bereits ein wesentlicher Abschnitt des anderen Werkzeugkopfs 14 aus der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme 20 herausgeschoben worden ist. Dieser andere Werkzeugkopf 14 wird bei dem Herausschieben in eine vorgegebene Position an einem Manipulator 36 eines Industrieroboters geschoben, wobei der Manipulator 36 in der Figur 7 nur sehr schematisch dargestellt ist.The FIG. 7 also illustrates an operating state or situation in which the step D is not yet completely completed, but shows a relation to the in FIG. 6 situation shown later in the situation. Of the FIG. 7 It can be seen that already a substantial portion of the other tool head 14 has been pushed out of the material block receptacle 20. This other tool head 14 is pushed when pushed out into a predetermined position on a manipulator 36 of an industrial robot, wherein the manipulator 36 in the FIG. 7 is shown only very schematically.

Die Figur 8 veranschaulicht die Situation nach dem Herausschieben des anderen Werkzeugkopfes 14 aus der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme 20 gemäß Schritt D des Verfahrens. Veranschaulicht ist hier die Situation, dass der andere Werkzeugkopf 14 nach dem Herausschieben von dem Manipulator 36 ergriffen und mittels des Manipulators 36 von dem Blockaufnehmer 18 wegbewegt wird.The FIG. 8 illustrates the situation after pushing out the other tool head 14 from the material block receptacle 20 according to step D of the method. Illustrated here is the situation that the other tool head 14 is taken after being pushed out of the manipulator 36 and moved away from the block receiver 18 by means of the manipulator 36.

Durch das weitere Bewegen des Blockaufnehmers 18 in der entgegengesetzten Richtung gemäß Schritt D des Verfahrens wird die Schale 24 durch den weiteren Werkzeugkopf 28 vorliegend teilweise aus der Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme 20 herausgedrückt. Veranschaulicht ist in Figur 8 auch die Situation, dass der durch das teilweise Herausdrücken der Schale 24 gebildete Überstand 30 von einem nur sehr kleinen Rest (hier nicht näher veranschaulicht) des Werkstoffs abgetrennt wird, und zwar dadurch, dass der Überstand 30 mittels des Schermessers 34 abgeschert wird bzw. abgetrennt wird. Ein derartiger kleiner Rest ist an sich vernachlässigbar und füllt den durch den nächsten Werkzeugkopf 28 gebildeten Raum nur unwesentlich, so dass der nachfolgende Verfahrensablauf hierdurch nicht beeinträchtigt wird.By further moving the block receiver 18 in the opposite direction according to step D of the method, the shell 24 through the other tool head 28 present partially pushed out of the material block receptacle 20. Illustrated is in FIG. 8 also the situation that the supernatant 30 formed by the partial pushing out of the shell 24 is separated from a very small remainder (not illustrated in detail here) of the material, namely by the overhang 30 being sheared off or severed by means of the shearing blade 34 becomes. Such a small remainder is in itself negligible and fills the space formed by the next tool head 28 only insignificantly, so that the subsequent process sequence is not impaired thereby.

Die Figur 9 veranschaulicht die Situation, die beispielsweise nach dem Auswechseln des Werkzeugkopfes 28 oder aber auch zwischendurch, wenn ein Werkstoffblock 22 zur Gänze verpresst wurde, durchgeführt wird, bei welcher nach dem Einbringen des weiteren Werkzeugkopfs 28 bzw. den neuen Werkzeugkopfs 28 in die Werkstoffblock-Aufnahme 20 ein weiterer bzw. neuer Werkstoffblock 22 vor dem weiteren Werkzeugkopf 28 mittels eines Blockladers 44 angeordnet wird, der hierfür in eine vorgegebene Position einschwenkt.The FIG. 9 illustrates the situation, for example, after the replacement of the tool head 28 or in between, when a block of material 22 was completely pressed, is performed, wherein after the introduction of the other tool head 28 and the new tool head 28 in the material block receptacle 20th a further or new material block 22 is arranged in front of the other tool head 28 by means of a block loader 44, which pivots for this purpose in a predetermined position.

Bezugszeichenliste:LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1010
indirekte Strangpresseindirect extruder
1212
Indirektstempelindirectly temple
1313
Pressstempelpress die
1414
Werkzeugkopftool head
1515
Hohlraum IndirektstempelCavity indirect mark
1616
Verschlussstückclosing piece
1717
PresserzeugnisPress article
1818
BlockaufnehmerBillet
1919
Matrizedie
2020
Werkstoffblock-AufnahmeMaterial block recording
2222
WerkstoffblockMaterial block
2424
SchaleBowl
2626
Schalenkammershell chamber
2828
weiterer Werkzeugkopfanother tool head
3030
ÜberstandGot over
3434
Schermesserrazor
3535
PressrestPress remaining
3636
Manipulatormanipulator
3838
konischer Abschnittconical section
4040
Innenwandunginner wall
4242
Schälringpeeling ring
4444
Blockladerbillet loader

Claims (7)

  1. A method for operating an indirect extrusion press (10), wherein the indirect extrusion press (10) comprises an indirect punch (12) having a tool head (14) receivable on the indirect punch (12), a closure piece (16) and a longitudinally movable block holder (18) having a material block receiving means (20) for receiving a material block (22), wherein the block holder (18) is movable in a straight line by the closure piece (16) by way of the indirect punch (12), wherein by moving the block holder (18) in the direction of the closure piece (16) the indirect punch (12) can be brought out of the material block receiving means (20) and by moving it in the opposite direction it can be brought into said material block receiving means,
    wherein after the pressing of a material block (22) and the formation of a shell (24) in a shell chamber (26), the method comprises the following steps:
    (A) bringing the indirect punch (12) out of the material block receiving means (20) by moving the block holder (18) in the direction of the closure piece (16),
    (B) placing a further tool head (28) between the indirect punch (12) and the material block receiving means (20) and receiving the other tool head (28) on the indirect punch (12),
    (C) introducing the indirect punch (12) together with the other tool head (28) received in the material block receiving means (20) and bringing the other tool head (28) into contact with the other tool head (14) by moving the block holder in the opposite direction and
    (D) pushing the other tool head (14) out of the material block receiving means (20) by further moving the block holder (18) in the opposite direction, wherein during the further movement the shell (24) is pressed partially or completely out of the material block receiving means (20) by the other tool head (28) .
  2. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in step (D), after the shell (24) has been partially pressed out of the material block receiving means (20), the excess length (30) formed by the shell (24) being partially pressed out is separated from a remnant of the material.
  3. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the excess length (30) is sheared off by means of a shearing blade (34).
  4. The method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in step (B) the further tool head (28) is arranged between the indirect punch (12) and the material block receiving means (20) by a manipulator (36) of an industrial robot and received on the other tool head (28).
  5. The method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in step (D) the other tool head (14) is pushed into a predetermined position on a manipulator (36) or in the environment of a manipulator (36) of an industrial robot when the tool head is pushed out and subsequently gripped by the manipulator (36) and moved away from the block holder (18).
  6. An indirect extrusion press (10) comprising an indirect punch (12) having a tool head (14) receivable on the indirect punch (12), a closure piece (16) and a longitudinally movable block holder (18) having a material block receiving means (20) for receiving a material block (22), wherein the block holder (18) is movable in a straight line in a movement direction by the closure piece (16) by way of the indirect punch (12), wherein by moving the block holder (18) in the direction of the closure piece (16) the indirect punch (12) can be brought out of the material block receiving means (20) and by moving it in the opposite direction it can be brought into said material block receiving means and wherein the closure piece (16) is movable in a straight line from a maximal position with a maximal distance from the indirect punch (12) towards the indirect punch (12), wherein in the maximal position, the maximal distance between the closure piece (16) and the indirect punch (12) corresponds at least to the sum of the extensions of the tool head (14) and of the block holder (18) in the movement direction, characterized in that the tool head (14) has at least one conical portion (38) that tapers in a pressing direction of the indirect extrusion press (10) and is provided for forming a shell chamber (26) of the indirect extrusion press (10) which is delimited by the tapering portion (38) and the inner wall (40) of the material block receiving means (20) delimiting the material block receiving means (20), and that the indirect punch (12) encloses a peeling ring (42) which delimits the shell chamber (26) in the pressing direction and is releasable from the tool head (14).
  7. The indirect extrusion press (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that the maximum distance is more than 2 mm greater than the total.
EP14001406.9A 2013-05-16 2014-04-17 Method for operating an indirect extrusion press and indirect extrusion press Active EP2839893B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013008345.1A DE102013008345A1 (en) 2013-05-16 2013-05-16 Method for operating an indirect extrusion press and indirect extrusion press

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EP2839893A1 EP2839893A1 (en) 2015-02-25
EP2839893B1 true EP2839893B1 (en) 2018-08-08

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US (1) US9272317B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2839893B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5892194B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101542009B1 (en)
CN (1) CN104162556B (en)
DE (1) DE102013008345A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2689087T3 (en)

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CN110961479B (en) * 2019-11-18 2021-07-16 太重（天津）滨海重型机械有限公司 Self-expanding die for reverse extruder and method of assembling same
CN113878085B (en) * 2021-10-08 2024-04-26 江苏龙城精锻集团有限公司 Hollow plunger forging of high-pressure plunger pump and one-step forming process and die thereof

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FR2148704A5 (en) * 1971-07-30 1973-03-23 Trefimetaux Press piece - for indirect extrusion press
JPS5217816B2 (en) * 1973-07-18 1977-05-18
DE3011134A1 (en) * 1980-03-22 1981-10-01 Schloemann-Siemag AG, 4000 Düsseldorf Indirect metal extrusion press - where moving traverse contg. billet holder barrel also carries radial shear knife for removing billet residue
EP0037485A1 (en) * 1980-03-22 1981-10-14 Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft Metal extrusion press comprising a device mounted at the container for separating the extrusion butt and exchanging the dies
JPS56165516A (en) 1980-05-26 1981-12-19 Sumitomo Light Metal Ind Ltd Method of indirect extrusion for metal
JPS57109520A (en) * 1980-12-27 1982-07-08 Kobe Steel Ltd Container cleaning method for indirect extrusion press
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JPS614813U (en) * 1984-06-12 1986-01-13 株式会社神戸製鋼所 indirect extrusion press
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FR2627405B1 (en) * 1988-02-19 1994-04-29 Clecim Sa PROCESS FOR SPINNING METAL, ESPECIALLY ALUMINUM, AND SPINNING PRESS FOR IMPLEMENTING THE PROCESS
WO2001068283A1 (en) * 2000-03-16 2001-09-20 Alex-Tech Aps Apparatus and method for extrusion of material
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JP2004034064A (en) 2002-07-02 2004-02-05 Nippon Steel Corp Extruding die and the extruding method
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Publication number Publication date
CN104162556B (en) 2016-05-25
US20140338415A1 (en) 2014-11-20
US9272317B2 (en) 2016-03-01
CN104162556A (en) 2014-11-26
ES2689087T3 (en) 2018-11-08
DE102013008345A1 (en) 2014-11-20
JP5892194B2 (en) 2016-03-23
JP2014223675A (en) 2014-12-04
KR20140135619A (en) 2014-11-26
KR101542009B1 (en) 2015-08-04
EP2839893A1 (en) 2015-02-25

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