EP2836309B1 - Rotating projector and method for spraying a coating product - Google Patents

Rotating projector and method for spraying a coating product Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2836309B1
EP2836309B1 EP13715247.6A EP13715247A EP2836309B1 EP 2836309 B1 EP2836309 B1 EP 2836309B1 EP 13715247 A EP13715247 A EP 13715247A EP 2836309 B1 EP2836309 B1 EP 2836309B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
primary
rotational axis
spraying
jets
coating product
Prior art date
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Application number
EP13715247.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2836309A1 (en
Inventor
Eric Prus
Sylvain Perinet
David Vincent
Olivier Gourbat
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Sames Kremlin SAS
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Sames Kremlin SAS
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Priority to PL13715247T priority Critical patent/PL2836309T3/en
Publication of EP2836309A1 publication Critical patent/EP2836309A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/02—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
    • B05B3/028—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements the rotation being orbital
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces
    • B05B5/0426—Means for supplying shaping gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces
    • B05B5/0403—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces characterised by the rotating member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces
    • B05B5/0403—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces characterised by the rotating member
    • B05B5/0407—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces characterised by the rotating member with a spraying edge, e.g. like a cup or a bell
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces
    • B05B5/0403—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces characterised by the rotating member
    • B05B5/0411—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces characterised by the rotating member with individual passages at its periphery

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rotary coating product projector which comprises, inter alia, a spray member adapted to be rotated about an axis of rotation.
  • the invention also relates to a method of spraying coating product on a surface of an object to be coated, using a rotating projector as mentioned above.
  • a rotating projector which comprises a spraying member rotating at high speed, under the effect of rotary drive means, such as a compressed air turbine.
  • Such a spraying member generally has the shape of a rotationally symmetrical bowl and comprises at least one spraying edge from which a jet of coating product is formed.
  • This coating material jet has a generally frustoconical shape which depends, inter alia, the rotational speed of the spray member and the flow of coating product.
  • a rotary projector with orifices for emitting air jets together forming a conformation air skirt.
  • JP-A-8071455 discloses a rotating projector provided with primary orifices intended to emit primary air jets inclined with respect to the axis of rotation of a bowl, in a primary direction having an axial component and a non-zero orthoradial component.
  • the primary air jets thus generate a swirling airflow, sometimes referred to as a "vortex" around the axis of rotation of the bowl.
  • WO-2009/010646 teaches simultaneously using primary air jets constituting a vortex or vortex skirt and secondary air jets that strike an outer surface of the spray member, allowing a fine and uniform adjustment of the jet of sprayed product. from the spray edge.
  • WO-2010/037972 provides for mixing primary air jets and secondary air jets for the formation of combined jets, in an intersection region of these jets located upstream of the edge of a spray member. This makes it possible to obtain relatively high deposition efficiencies as well as good robustness of the impacts of coating product on the surfaces of the objects to be coated.
  • EP-A-2,058,053 which discloses a rotating projector according to the preamble of claim 1, teaches using air jets out of orifices on two concentric circles and distinct and which are oriented in directions which are all either centrifugal or centripetal , relative to an axis of rotation of a bowl.
  • WO-A-2009 / 112,932 provides for the use of jets emerging from orifices located on a first circle of small diameter, in a divergent direction and without interaction with a bowl, as well as jets extending in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the bowl in a radial plane to this axis.
  • the performance of a sprayer is characterized by its efficiency of application (in English Transfer Efficiency of Application or "TEA") which is the product of the pitch of the trajectory of the center of a sprayer, compared to a surface to be coated, by the speed of movement of this sprayer on this trajectory.
  • TAA Transfer Efficiency of Application
  • This application efficiency corresponds to the area swept by the projector per unit time, this area being expressed in m 2 / min.
  • the pitch and speed of movement of a projector are chosen so as to ensure a good application of the coating product, meeting the required quality specifications.
  • the width of impact of a coating product jet is defined as equal to the width of a layer of coating product applied under the effect of this jet, measured in an area where this layer has a thickness equal to half of its maximum thickness.
  • Projectors for impact widths greater than 400 mm are known.
  • This type of headlamp uses relatively low skirt air flow or conformation air, which comparatively lowers the coating material jet towards the axis of rotation of the spray member.
  • These jets with wide impact are sometimes called “ soft pattern ".
  • the projectors generating this type of jets can not be moved at a high speed relative to the surfaces to be coated, as this will "tear" the jet of coating product, that is to say to make it inhomogeneous, to the point that a substantial part of the paint droplets that make up this jet does not reach the target. In this case, the deposition efficiency drops and the amount of paint not deposited on the object to be coated pollutes the cabin and the robot moving the projector, which requires subsequent reprocessing operations.
  • skirt airflow if the skirt airflow is increased, the coating product stream is better channeled between the edge of the spray member and the object to be coated.
  • this increase in skirt air flow has the effect of tightening the impact, so that the pitch of the projector path must be reduced, which, at identical robot speed, increases the cycle time.
  • Another method for obtaining a relatively wide impact is to move the projector away from the surface to be coated, taking into account that the coating material jet has generally the shape of a truncated cone.
  • this approach significantly reduces the deposition efficiency since a significant portion of the paint droplets does not reach the target.
  • the present invention more particularly aims to provide a rotary coating product projector which generates a wide and stable coating product jet, thus allowing to quickly coat relatively large surfaces, with high speeds of movement of the projector relative to these surfaces.
  • the invention relates to a rotary coating product projector comprising a spraying member of the coating product having at least one circular spraying edge, means for driving the spraying member around a spindle axis. rotation and a body which defines the axis of rotation and which comprises primary orifices arranged on a primary contour surrounding the axis of rotation, each primary orifice being intended to eject a primary air jet in a primary direction having, relative to to the axis of rotation, an axial component and a non-zero orthoradial component.
  • the primary direction has a radial component that is non-zero and centrifugal with respect to the axis of rotation, whereas a primary jet extends at the level of the spray edge and along the axis of rotation at a distance from the axis of rotation which is strictly greater than the radius of the spraying edge.
  • the body of the projector comprises secondary orifices arranged on a secondary contour surrounding the axis of rotation, each secondary orifice being intended to eject a secondary jet of air in a secondary direction having, relative to the axis of rotation, an axial component and a nonzero centripetal radial component, such that the secondary jet strikes an external surface of the atomizer member, while the primary and secondary contours coincide with a circle centered on the axis of rotation .
  • the primary direction forms, in a radial plane relative to the axis of rotation, an angle of between 3 and 12 °.
  • the invention takes advantage of the fact that the vortex or vortex skirt air can be used to conform the jet with good stability, with a sufficient flow of skirt air, and producing a relatively large impact width.
  • the primary direction has a non-zero and centrifugal radial component. Indeed, this nonzero radial and centrifugal component of the primary direction induces that the skirt air tends to conform the jet from the spray edge with a flared shape, which induces a jet having a large impact width .
  • This large impact width makes it possible to bring the spray member closer to the surface to be coated, which ensures a good homogeneity of the part of the coating product jet which reaches the surface of the object to be coated.
  • the invention takes the opposite of the habits in the field of spraying coating product since it is usual to use a skirt air, including vortex, to fold down the jet of coating product from the edge of the coating. spraying towards the axis of rotation of the spraying member.
  • the skirt air is used to "expand” or "open” the coating product stream so as to obtain a broad impact. Thanks to the invention, the secondary jets lick the outer surface of the spray member, before reaching the spray edge where they interact with the coating product jet (leaving this edge).
  • the invention also relates to a method of spraying coating product which can be implemented with a projector as mentioned above. More specifically, this method is used for spraying coating product on a surface of an object to be coated, using a rotating projector comprising a spraying member of the coating product having at least one circular spraying edge of which the diameter is between 50 and 100 mm, drive means of the spray member about an axis of rotation and a body which defines the aforementioned axis of rotation.
  • the coating product sprayed from the circular edge is subjected to the action of primary jets each directed in a primary direction having, relative to the axis of rotation, an axial component and a non-zero orthoradial component.
  • the primary direction has a non-zero radial component and centrifugal with respect to the axis of rotation.
  • a primary jet extends at the spray edge and along the axis of rotation at a distance strictly greater than the radius of the circular spray edge.
  • the circular spraying edge is disposed at an axial distance from the surface of the object to be coated, measured parallel to the axis of rotation, which is less than 200 mm, preferably less than 180 mm, more preferably less than 150 mm.
  • the coating product is subjected to the action of secondary jets each directed in a secondary direction and having, relative to the axis of rotation, an axial component and a nonzero centripetal radial component, these jets striking an external surface of the spraying member.
  • the primary and secondary jets out of primary and secondary ports which are arranged on primary and secondary contours coinciding with a circle centered on the axis of rotation of the spray member.
  • the primary direction forms, in a radial plane relative to the axis of rotation, an angle of between 3 and 12 °.
  • a relatively tense impact which can be described as a " hard pattern ", is obtained under the action of the primary jets and the secondary jets and with a relatively large width of impact, because of the centrifugal orientation of the primary direction and centripetal orientation of the direction of the secondary jets, before they strike the outer surface of the spray member, even as the short axial distance between the spray member and the
  • the object to be coated guarantees a good deposition efficiency since the droplets constituting the coating material jet remain under the influence of the skirt air throughout their path to the surface to be coated.
  • the installation 1 represented at figure 1 comprises a conveyor 2 capable of moving O objects to be coated along an axis X 2 perpendicular to the plane of the figure 1 .
  • the object O moved by the conveyor 2 is a motor vehicle body.
  • the installation 1 also comprises a projector 10 of the rotary and electrostatic type and which comprises a bowl 20 forming a spraying member and supported by a body 30 inside which is mounted a turbine 40 for rotating the bowl 20 around the body. an X-axis 30 defined by the body 30.
  • the body 30 also encloses a high voltage unit 50 connected to the bowl 20 by a high voltage cable 51 and a feed line 60 from the bowl 20 of spray coating material.
  • a distributor 21 is secured to the upstream portion of the bowl 20 to channel and distribute the coating product, the speed of rotation of the bowl 20 in charge, that is to say when spraying product, is between 20,000 rpm and 80,000 rpm.
  • the bowl 20 has a symmetry of revolution about the X axis 30 and has a distribution surface 22 on which the coating product spreads, under the effect of centrifugal force, to a spraying edge 23 where it is micronised in fine droplets.
  • the set of droplets forms a jet J 1 of product leaving the bowl 20, at its edge 23 and pointing towards the object O on which it covers an impact surface S with a layer C of coating product of which the thickness is exaggerated at the figure 1 , for the sake of clarity.
  • the body 30 has primary orifices 34 and secondary orifices 36 disposed on the same circle C 30 centered on the axis X 30 . These primary and secondary orifices 34 are intended to emit, respectively, primary air jets J 34 and secondary air jets J 36 which extend, at the outlet of orifices 34 and 36, in their respective directions ⁇ 34 and ⁇ 36 .
  • the orifices 34 and 36 are arranged alternately along circle C 30 . In other words, each orifice 34 is disposed along the circle C 30 between two orifices 36, and vice versa.
  • the orifices 34 are arranged in a primary contour, while the orifices 36 are arranged in a secondary contour, these primary and secondary contours coinciding with the circle C 30 . Due to the fact that the first and second contours are combined, the front face of the body 30 in which are formed the orifices 34 and 36 may have a small radial width. Its area is therefore small, while it is the part of the projector most exposed to soiling. In addition, the less this front face is thick radially, the less the area in which is created in front of this face, a depression Venturi effect, is important.
  • the edge 23 is at an axial distance L 1 of the circle C which is here substantially 10 mm.
  • the distance L 1 therefore represents the passing of the bowl 20 out of the body 30.
  • the primary directions ⁇ 34 and secondary ⁇ 36 are respectively determined by the inclinations, with respect to the axis X 30 , of primary channels 340 and secondary channels 360 defined in the body 2. These channels 340 and 360 are straight and open respectively on the primary and secondary orifices 34 and 36. Upstream, the channels 340 and 360 are connected to two known independent sources of compressed air supply and to form the jets J 34 and J 36 . These sources, as well as the air supply means of the channels 340 and 360 are not shown, for clarity of the drawing. They may be of the type represented in figure 4 of WO-2009/010646 .
  • the channels 340 are supplied with a pressure and a flow of air such that the total flow of the primary jets is between 100 and 500 liters / min.
  • the channels 360 are supplied with a pressure and a flow of air such that the total flow of the secondary jets is between 100 and 500 liters / min.
  • the direction ⁇ 34 has, with respect to the axis X 30 , an axial component ⁇ 34 visible at the figure 3 which is non-zero and corresponds to the fact that the air emerges from the primary orifices 34 towards the front of the headlamp, that is to say in the direction of the object O to be coated.
  • This primary direction ⁇ 34 also has a radial and centrifugal component R 34 which corresponds to the fact that the radial direction diverges from the X axis 30 away from a primary orifice 34.
  • the relative values of the components A 34 and R 34 are chosen so that an angle ⁇ , defined in the plane of the figure 3 which is radial to the axis X 30, between these components has a value between 0 and 30 °, preferably between 3 and 18 °.
  • the direction ⁇ 34 also has an orthoradial component O 34 visible at the figure 4 which corresponds to the fact that the primary air jets 34 form a swirling skirt or "vortex".
  • D 20 denotes the nominal diameter of the bowl 20, that is to say the diameter of the spray edge 23.
  • D 30 the diameter of the circle C on which are distributed primary and secondary ports 34 and 36.
  • the diameter D 30 is greater than the diameter D 20.
  • a primary air jet J 34 which extends along a direction ⁇ 34 passes, at the level of spraying edge 23 along the X axis 30 at a radial distance d 34 which is greater than the radius R 20 of the bowl 30, i.e. half the diameter D 20 .
  • a primary air jet can freely cross the region in which the edge 23 is located.
  • the components A 34 , R 34 and O 34 of the direction ⁇ 34 of a primary jet J 34 allow this jet to flow at a radial distance of 34 nonzero from the edge 23, this radial distance corresponding to the difference between the radial distance d 34 and the radius R 20 .
  • This radial distance of 34 can be between 0 and 25 mm and depends, among others, on the value of the axial distance L 1 .
  • Each secondary air jet J 36 is inclined, at the outlet of a secondary channel 36 and with respect to the axis of rotation X 30 , in a secondary direction ⁇ 36 which has an axial component A 36 and a radial and centripetal component R 36 .
  • These axial and radial components are determined in such a way that the direction ⁇ 36 strikes the rear surface 24 of the bowl 20, as is apparent from FIG. figure 3 .
  • each secondary air jet spreads over the part of the surface 24 located between the zone 25 and the edge 23. This makes it possible to generate a secondary air stream in the form of a relatively uniform sheet. .
  • the jet J 1 of coating product leaving the edge 23 is subjected, on the one hand, to the primary air jets J 34 , which each extend in a direction ⁇ 34 away from the edge 23, and, on the other hand, secondary jets J 36 , which lick the surface 24 after having impacted the latter in zone 25.
  • the primary air jets J 34 tend to expand or expand radially with respect to the axis X 30 the jet of coating product J 1 .
  • the secondary jets J 36 licking the rear surface 24 of the bowl 20 tending to fold down the jet J 1 coating product in the direction of the axis X 30 .
  • the combined effect of the primary jets J 34 and the secondary jets J 36 has the effect of creating a cloud of coating material, between the bowl 20 and the surface S, which has a relatively homogeneous velocity profile, such as represented by the profile P at the figure 1 .
  • the axial distance L 2 as measured between edge 23 and the surface S parallel to the axis X 30 when the coating material spray can be maintained at a low value, which ensures a good transfer efficiency, while the impact width of the coating product cloud on the surface S is high.
  • the distance L 2 is less than 200 mm, preferably less than 180 mm. Particularly satisfactory results can be envisaged with a distance L 2 of less than 150 mm. This is particularly the case when implementing an electrostatic sprayer with internal charge, that is to say by contacting the coating product with the bowl 20 which is electrically conductive and brought to the high voltage.
  • the invention is usable with an externally charged sprayer, with the same range of values for the distance L 2 .
  • the flow rates of the primary jets J 34 and secondary J 36 and the speed of rotation of the bowl 20 are chosen so that the speed of a droplet of paint leaving the edge 23 is greater than 5 m / s.
  • the speed of movement of the sprayer 20 perpendicular to the X axis 30 is between 0.2 and 2 m / s, Given the "robustness" of the coating material cloud at the outlet of the bowl 20, this relatively fast movement speed is not likely to deform or make the cloud inhomogeneous, so that the coating product deposited on the surface S is regular.
  • the installation 1 may comprise means for determining the distance L 2 , by measurement or by calculation, and this distance may be taken into account to adjust the value of the high voltage applied to the coating product, in particular by means of the bowl. Which is electrically conductive. More specifically, the set value of the high voltage delivered by the unit 50 can be set to a nominal value U such that the U / L ratio 2 , which corresponds to the average electrostatic field between the edge 23 and the object O, is constant when the distance L 2 varies.
  • the nominal value of the high voltage used for electrostatically charging is selected to be less than 80 kV.
  • the electrostatic field between the bowl 20 and the object O is intense, with the same intensity level as in conventional installations, while using lower voltage values than usual and decreasing, therefore, the risk of fire since the stored capacitive energy is proportional to the square of the high nominal voltage delivered by the unit 50.
  • the value of the high voltage U is chosen according to that of the distance L 2 so that the U / L ratio 2 is approximately 3kV / cm. This value is advantageously between 1 kV / cm and 4 kV / cm.
  • the use of secondary air jets is optional in that, given the orientation of the direction ⁇ 34 , the primary air jets primarily provide the conformation function of the jet J 1 coating product leaving the bowl.

Landscapes

  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Spray Control Apparatus (AREA)

Description

L'invention a trait à un projecteur rotatif de produit de revêtement qui comprend, entre autres, un organe de pulvérisation prévu pour être entraîné en rotation autour d'un axe de rotation. L'invention concerne également une méthode de pulvérisation de produit de revêtement sur une surface d'un objet à revêtir, à l'aide d'un projecteur rotatif tel que mentionné ci-dessus.The invention relates to a rotary coating product projector which comprises, inter alia, a spray member adapted to be rotated about an axis of rotation. The invention also relates to a method of spraying coating product on a surface of an object to be coated, using a rotating projector as mentioned above.

La pulvérisation conventionnelle au moyen de projecteurs rotatifs est utilisée pour appliquer sur des objets à revêtir, tels que des carrosseries de véhicules automobiles, un apprêt, une couche de base et/ou un vernis. Pour ce faire, on utilise un projecteur rotatif qui comporte un organe de pulvérisation tournant à haute vitesse, sous l'effet de moyens d'entraînement en rotation, tels qu'une turbine à air comprimé.Conventional spraying by means of rotating projectors is used to apply to objects to be coated, such as motor vehicle bodies, a primer, a base coat and / or a varnish. To do this, a rotating projector is used which comprises a spraying member rotating at high speed, under the effect of rotary drive means, such as a compressed air turbine.

Un tel organe de pulvérisation présente généralement la forme d'un bol à symétrie de révolution et comporte au moins une arête de pulvérisation à partir de laquelle se forme un jet de produit de revêtement. Ce jet de produit de revêtement présente un forme globalement tronconique qui dépend, entre autres, de la vitesse de rotation de l'organe de pulvérisation et du débit de produit de revêtement. Pour contrôler la forme de ce jet de produit, il est connu d'équiper un projecteur rotatif d'orifices permettant d'émettre des jets d'air formant ensemble une jupe d'air de conformation.Such a spraying member generally has the shape of a rotationally symmetrical bowl and comprises at least one spraying edge from which a jet of coating product is formed. This coating material jet has a generally frustoconical shape which depends, inter alia, the rotational speed of the spray member and the flow of coating product. To control the shape of this jet of product, it is known to equip a rotary projector with orifices for emitting air jets together forming a conformation air skirt.

JP-A-8071455 décrit un projecteur rotatif muni d'orifices primaires destinés à émettre des jets d'air primaires inclinés par rapport à l'axe de rotation d'un bol, selon une direction primaire présentant une composante axiale et une composante orthoradiale non nulles. Les jets d'air primaires génèrent ainsi un flux d'air tourbillonnant, parfois qualifié de « vortex » autour de l'axe de rotation du bol. JP-A-8071455 discloses a rotating projector provided with primary orifices intended to emit primary air jets inclined with respect to the axis of rotation of a bowl, in a primary direction having an axial component and a non-zero orthoradial component. The primary air jets thus generate a swirling airflow, sometimes referred to as a "vortex" around the axis of rotation of the bowl.

WO-A-2009/010646 enseigne d'utiliser simultanément des jets d'air primaires constituant une jupe vortex ou tourbillonnaire et des jets d'air secondaires qui frappent une surface externe de l'organe de pulvérisation, ce qui permet un réglage fin et uniforme du jet de produit pulvérisé à partir de l'arête de pulvérisation. WO-2009/010646 teaches simultaneously using primary air jets constituting a vortex or vortex skirt and secondary air jets that strike an outer surface of the spray member, allowing a fine and uniform adjustment of the jet of sprayed product. from the spray edge.

WO-A-2010/037972 prévoit de mélanger des jets d'air primaires et des jets d'air secondaires pour la formation de jets combinés, dans une région d'intersection de ces jets se situant en amont de l'arête d'un organe de pulvérisation. Ceci permet d'obtenir des rendements de dépôt relativement élevés ainsi qu'une bonne robustesse des impacts de produit de revêtement sur les surfaces des objets à revêtir. WO-2010/037972 provides for mixing primary air jets and secondary air jets for the formation of combined jets, in an intersection region of these jets located upstream of the edge of a spray member. This makes it possible to obtain relatively high deposition efficiencies as well as good robustness of the impacts of coating product on the surfaces of the objects to be coated.

EP-A-2 058 053 , qui divulgue un projecteur rotatif selon le préambule de la revendication 1, enseigne d'utiliser des jets d'air sortant d'orifices ménagés sur deux cercles concentriques et distincts et qui sont orientés selon des directions qui sont toutes, soit centrifuges, soit centripètes, par rapport à un axe de rotation d'un bol. EP-A-2,058,053 , which discloses a rotating projector according to the preamble of claim 1, teaches using air jets out of orifices on two concentric circles and distinct and which are oriented in directions which are all either centrifugal or centripetal , relative to an axis of rotation of a bowl.

WO-A-2009/112 932 prévoit d'utiliser des jets sortant d'orifices situés sur un premier cercle de petit diamètre, selon une direction divergente et sans interaction avec un bol, ainsi que des jets s'étendant selon une direction parallèle à l'axe de rotation du bol dans un plan radial à cet axe. WO-A-2009 / 112,932 provides for the use of jets emerging from orifices located on a first circle of small diameter, in a divergent direction and without interaction with a bowl, as well as jets extending in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the bowl in a radial plane to this axis.

Avec les pulvérisateurs connus, il est difficile d'obtenir un jet de produit de revêtement à la fois large et stable. En effet, la performance d'un pulvérisateur est caractérisée par son rendement d'application (en Anglais Transfer Efficiency of Application ou « TEA ») qui est le produit du pas de la trajectoire du centre d'un pulvérisateur, par rapport à une surface à revêtir, par la vitesse de déplacement de ce pulvérisateur sur cette trajectoire. Ce rendement d'application correspond à la surface balayée par le projecteur par unité de temps, cette surface étant exprimée en m2/mn. En pratique, le pas et la vitesse de déplacement d'un projecteur sont choisis de manière à garantir une bonne application du produit de revêtement, répondant aux spécifications de qualité requises.With known sprayers, it is difficult to obtain a coating product jet that is both wide and stable. Indeed, the performance of a sprayer is characterized by its efficiency of application (in English Transfer Efficiency of Application or "TEA") which is the product of the pitch of the trajectory of the center of a sprayer, compared to a surface to be coated, by the speed of movement of this sprayer on this trajectory. This application efficiency corresponds to the area swept by the projector per unit time, this area being expressed in m 2 / min. In practice, the pitch and speed of movement of a projector are chosen so as to ensure a good application of the coating product, meeting the required quality specifications.

On définit la largeur d'impact d'un jet de produit de revêtement comme égale à la largueur d'une couche de produit de revêtement appliquée sous l'effet de ce jet, mesurée dans une zone où cette couche a une épaisseur égale à la moitié de son épaisseur maximale. Pour des raisons économiques, des forts rendements d'application sont recherchés afin d'optimiser le nombre de projecteurs, le nombre de robots supportant ces projecteurs et la longueur des cabines de projection.The width of impact of a coating product jet is defined as equal to the width of a layer of coating product applied under the effect of this jet, measured in an area where this layer has a thickness equal to half of its maximum thickness. For economic reasons, high application efficiencies are sought in order to optimize the number of projectors, the number of robots supporting these projectors and the length of the projection booths.

Des projecteurs permettant d'obtenir des largeurs d'impact supérieures à 400 mm sont connus. Ce genre de projecteurs utilise un débit d'air de jupe ou air de conformation relativement faible, ce qui rabat relativement peu le jet de produit de revêtement en direction de l'axe de rotation de l'organe de pulvérisation. Ces jets avec impact large sont parfois dénommés « soft pattern ». Les projecteurs générant ce genre de jets ne peuvent pas être déplacés à vitesse élevée par rapport aux surfaces à revêtir, sous peine de « déchirer » le jet de produit de revêtement, c'est-à-dire de le rendre inhomogène, au point qu'une partie substantielle des gouttelettes de peinture qui constituent ce jet n'atteint pas la cible. Dans ce cas, le rendement de dépôt chute et la quantité de peinture non déposée sur l'objet à revêtir pollue la cabine et le robot qui déplace le projecteur, ce qui nécessite des opérations de retraitement ultérieures.Projectors for impact widths greater than 400 mm are known. This type of headlamp uses relatively low skirt air flow or conformation air, which comparatively lowers the coating material jet towards the axis of rotation of the spray member. These jets with wide impact are sometimes called " soft pattern ". The projectors generating this type of jets can not be moved at a high speed relative to the surfaces to be coated, as this will "tear" the jet of coating product, that is to say to make it inhomogeneous, to the point that a substantial part of the paint droplets that make up this jet does not reach the target. In this case, the deposition efficiency drops and the amount of paint not deposited on the object to be coated pollutes the cabin and the robot moving the projector, which requires subsequent reprocessing operations.

D'un autre côté, si le débit d'air de jupe est augmenté, le jet de produit de revêtement est mieux canalisé entre l'arête de l'organe de pulvérisation et l'objet à revêtir. Toutefois, cette augmentation du débit d'air de jupe a pour effet de resserrer l'impact, de sorte que le pas de la trajectoire du projecteur doit être diminué, ce qui, à vitesse robot identique, augmente le temps de cycle.On the other hand, if the skirt airflow is increased, the coating product stream is better channeled between the edge of the spray member and the object to be coated. However, this increase in skirt air flow has the effect of tightening the impact, so that the pitch of the projector path must be reduced, which, at identical robot speed, increases the cycle time.

Une autre méthode permettant d'obtenir un impact relativement large consiste à éloigner le projecteur de la surface à revêtir, en tenant compte que le jet de produit de revêtement a globalement la forme d'un tronc de cône. Toutefois, cette approche diminue sensiblement le rendement de dépôt puisqu'une partie non négligeable des gouttelettes de peinture n'atteint pas la cible.Another method for obtaining a relatively wide impact is to move the projector away from the surface to be coated, taking into account that the coating material jet has generally the shape of a truncated cone. However, this approach significantly reduces the deposition efficiency since a significant portion of the paint droplets does not reach the target.

C'est à ces inconvénients et limitations qu'entend plus particulièrement répondre la présente invention en proposant un projecteur rotatif de produit de revêtement qui génère un jet de produit de revêtement large et stable, permettant ainsi de revêtir rapidement des surfaces relativement grandes, avec des vitesses de déplacement élevées du projecteur par rapport à ces surfaces.It is to these disadvantages and limitations that the present invention more particularly aims to provide a rotary coating product projector which generates a wide and stable coating product jet, thus allowing to quickly coat relatively large surfaces, with high speeds of movement of the projector relative to these surfaces.

A cet effet, l'invention concerne un projecteur rotatif de produit de revêtement comprenant un organe de pulvérisation du produit de revêtement présentant au moins une arête circulaire de pulvérisation, des moyens d'entraînement de l'organe de pulvérisation autour d'un axe de rotation et un corps qui définit l'axe de rotation et qui comprend des orifices primaires disposés sur un contour primaire entourant l'axe de rotation, chaque orifice primaire étant destiné à éjecter un jet d'air primaire selon une direction primaire ayant, par rapport à l'axe de rotation, une composante axiale et une composante orthoradiale non nulles. La direction primaire a une composante radiale non nulle et centrifuge par rapport à l'axe de rotation, alors qu'un jet primaire s'étend, au niveau de l'arête de pulvérisation et le long de l'axe de rotation, à une distance de l'axe de rotation qui est strictement supérieure au rayon de l'arête de pulvérisation. Conformément à l'invention, le corps du projecteur comprend des orifices secondaires disposés sur un contour secondaire entourant l'axe de rotation, chaque orifice secondaire étant destiné à éjecter un jet d'air secondaire selon une direction secondaire ayant, par rapport à l'axe de rotation, une composante axiale et une composante radiale centripète non nulles, telles que le jet secondaire frappe une surface externe de l'organe de pulvérisation, alors que les contours primaires et secondaires sont confondus avec un cercle centré sur l'axe de rotation. En outre, la direction primaire forme, dans un plan radial par rapport à l'axe de rotation, un angle compris entre 3 et 12°.To this end, the invention relates to a rotary coating product projector comprising a spraying member of the coating product having at least one circular spraying edge, means for driving the spraying member around a spindle axis. rotation and a body which defines the axis of rotation and which comprises primary orifices arranged on a primary contour surrounding the axis of rotation, each primary orifice being intended to eject a primary air jet in a primary direction having, relative to to the axis of rotation, an axial component and a non-zero orthoradial component. The primary direction has a radial component that is non-zero and centrifugal with respect to the axis of rotation, whereas a primary jet extends at the level of the spray edge and along the axis of rotation at a distance from the axis of rotation which is strictly greater than the radius of the spraying edge. According to the invention, the body of the projector comprises secondary orifices arranged on a secondary contour surrounding the axis of rotation, each secondary orifice being intended to eject a secondary jet of air in a secondary direction having, relative to the axis of rotation, an axial component and a nonzero centripetal radial component, such that the secondary jet strikes an external surface of the atomizer member, while the primary and secondary contours coincide with a circle centered on the axis of rotation . In addition, the primary direction forms, in a radial plane relative to the axis of rotation, an angle of between 3 and 12 °.

L'invention tire parti du fait que l'air de jupe tourbillonnaire ou « vortex » peut être utilisé pour conformer le jet avec une bonne stabilité, moyennant un débit suffisant d'air de jupe, et en produisant une largeur d'impact relativement importante, grâce au fait que la direction primaire a une composante radiale non nulle et centrifuge. En effet, cette composante radiale non nulle et centrifuge de la direction primaire induit que l'air de jupe tend à conformer le jet issu de l'arête de pulvérisation avec une forme évasée, ce qui induit un jet présentant une largeur d'impact importante. Cette largeur d'impact importante permet de rapprocher l'organe de pulvérisation de la surface à revêtir, ce qui assure une bonne homogénéité de la partie du jet de produit de revêtement qui atteint la surface de l'objet à revêtir. On remarque que l'invention prend le contrepied des habitudes dans le domaine de la pulvérisation de produit de revêtement puisque il est habituel d'utiliser un air de jupe, notamment vortex, pour rabattre le jet de produit de revêtement issu de l'arête de pulvérisation en direction de l'axe de rotation de l'organe de pulvérisation. Au contraire, selon la présente invention, on utilise l'air de jupe pour « dilater » ou « ouvrir » le jet de produit de revêtement, de façon à obtenir un large impact. Grâce à l'invention, les jets secondaires lèchent la surface externe de l'organe de pulvérisation, avant d'atteindre l'arête de pulvérisation où ils interagissent avec le jet de produit de revêtement (quittant cette arête).The invention takes advantage of the fact that the vortex or vortex skirt air can be used to conform the jet with good stability, with a sufficient flow of skirt air, and producing a relatively large impact width. due to the fact that the primary direction has a non-zero and centrifugal radial component. Indeed, this nonzero radial and centrifugal component of the primary direction induces that the skirt air tends to conform the jet from the spray edge with a flared shape, which induces a jet having a large impact width . This large impact width makes it possible to bring the spray member closer to the surface to be coated, which ensures a good homogeneity of the part of the coating product jet which reaches the surface of the object to be coated. Note that the invention takes the opposite of the habits in the field of spraying coating product since it is usual to use a skirt air, including vortex, to fold down the jet of coating product from the edge of the coating. spraying towards the axis of rotation of the spraying member. In contrast, according to the present invention, the skirt air is used to "expand" or "open" the coating product stream so as to obtain a broad impact. Thanks to the invention, the secondary jets lick the outer surface of the spray member, before reaching the spray edge where they interact with the coating product jet (leaving this edge).

L'invention concerne également une méthode de pulvérisation de produit de revêtement qui peut être mise en oeuvre avec un projecteur tel que mentionné ci-dessus. Plus précisément cette méthode est utilisée pour la pulvérisation de produit de revêtement sur une surface d'un objet à revêtir, à l'aide d'un projecteur rotatif comprenant un organe de pulvérisation du produit de revêtement présentant au moins une arête circulaire de pulvérisation dont le diamètre est compris entre 50 et 100 mm, des moyens d'entraînement de l'organe de pulvérisation autour d'un axe de rotation et un corps qui définit l'axe de rotation précité. Dans cette méthode, en cours de projection, le produit de revêtement pulvérisé à partir de l'arête circulaire est soumis à l'action de jets primaires dirigés chacun selon une direction primaire ayant, par rapport à l'axe de rotation, une composante axiale et une composante orthoradiale non nulle. Conformément à l'invention, la direction primaire a une composante radiale non nulle et centrifuge par rapport à l'axe de rotation. En outre, un jet primaire s'étend, au niveau de l'arête de pulvérisation et le long de l'axe de rotation, à une distance strictement supérieure au rayon de l'arête circulaire de pulvérisation. L'arête circulaire de pulvérisation est disposée à une distance axiale de la surface de l'objet à revêtir, mesurée parallèlement à l'axe de rotation, qui est inférieure à 200 mm, de préférence inférieure à 180 mm, de préférence encore inférieure à 150 mm. Le produit de revêtement est soumis à l'action de jets secondaires dirigés chacun selon une direction secondaire et ayant, par rapport à l'axe de rotation, une composante axiale et une composante radiale centripète non nulles, ces jets frappant une surface externe de l'organe de pulvérisation. Les jets primaires et secondaires sortent d'orifices primaires et secondaires qui sont disposés sur des contours primaire et secondaire confondus avec un cercle centré sur l'axe de rotation de l'organe de pulvérisation. En outre, la direction primaire forme, dans un plan radial par rapport à l'axe de rotation, un angle compris entre 3 et 12°.The invention also relates to a method of spraying coating product which can be implemented with a projector as mentioned above. More specifically, this method is used for spraying coating product on a surface of an object to be coated, using a rotating projector comprising a spraying member of the coating product having at least one circular spraying edge of which the diameter is between 50 and 100 mm, drive means of the spray member about an axis of rotation and a body which defines the aforementioned axis of rotation. In this method, during projection, the coating product sprayed from the circular edge is subjected to the action of primary jets each directed in a primary direction having, relative to the axis of rotation, an axial component and a non-zero orthoradial component. According to the invention, the primary direction has a non-zero radial component and centrifugal with respect to the axis of rotation. In addition, a primary jet extends at the spray edge and along the axis of rotation at a distance strictly greater than the radius of the circular spray edge. The circular spraying edge is disposed at an axial distance from the surface of the object to be coated, measured parallel to the axis of rotation, which is less than 200 mm, preferably less than 180 mm, more preferably less than 150 mm. The coating product is subjected to the action of secondary jets each directed in a secondary direction and having, relative to the axis of rotation, an axial component and a nonzero centripetal radial component, these jets striking an external surface of the spraying member. The primary and secondary jets out of primary and secondary ports which are arranged on primary and secondary contours coinciding with a circle centered on the axis of rotation of the spray member. In addition, the primary direction forms, in a radial plane relative to the axis of rotation, an angle of between 3 and 12 °.

Grâce à la méthode de l'invention, un impact relativement tendu, qui peut être qualifié de « hard pattern » est obtenu sous l'action des jets primaires et des jets secondaires et avec une largeur d'impact relativement importante, du fait de l'orientation centrifuge de la direction primaire et de l'orientation centripète de la direction des jets secondaires, avant qu'ils frappent la surface externe de l'organe de pulvérisation, alors même que la faible distance axiale entre l'organe de pulvérisation et l'objet à revêtir garantit un bon rendement de dépôt puisque les gouttelettes constituant le jet de produit de revêtement restent sous l'influence de l'air de jupe pendant tout leur trajet vers la surface à revêtir.Thanks to the method of the invention, a relatively tense impact, which can be described as a " hard pattern ", is obtained under the action of the primary jets and the secondary jets and with a relatively large width of impact, because of the centrifugal orientation of the primary direction and centripetal orientation of the direction of the secondary jets, before they strike the outer surface of the spray member, even as the short axial distance between the spray member and the The object to be coated guarantees a good deposition efficiency since the droplets constituting the coating material jet remain under the influence of the skirt air throughout their path to the surface to be coated.

Selon des aspects avantageux mais non obligatoires de l'invention, une telle méthode peut incorporer une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes prises dans toute combinaison techniquement admissible :

  • Le débit total des jets primaires est compris entre 100 et 500 litres/mn.
  • Le débit total des jets secondaires est compris entre 100 et 500 litres/mn.
  • Le débit des jets primaires, le cas échéant le débit des jets secondaires et la vitesse de rotation de l'organe de pulvérisation sont réglés de telle sorte que la vitesse des gouttelettes de produits de revêtement quittant l'arête circulaire est supérieure à 5 m/s, alors que la vitesse de déplacement du projecteur par rapport à la surface de l'objet à revêtir est comprise entre 0.2 et 2 m/s.
According to advantageous but non-mandatory aspects of the invention, such a method may incorporate one or more of the following features taken in any technically permissible combination:
  • The total flow rate of the primary jets is between 100 and 500 liters / min.
  • The total flow of secondary jets is between 100 and 500 liters / min.
  • The flow rate of the primary jets, if necessary the flow rate of the secondary jets and the speed of rotation of the spray member are adjusted so that the speed of the droplets of coating products leaving the circular edge is greater than 5 m / s, while the speed of movement of the projector relative to the surface of the object to be coated is between 0.2 and 2 m / s.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement à la lumière de la description qui va suivre d'un mode de réalisation d'un projecteur conforme à son principe et d'une méthode de mise en oeuvre de ce projecteur également conforme à son principe, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une représentation schématique de principe d'une installation électrostatique de projection de produit de revêtement comprenant un projecteur rotatif conforme à l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective partielle du projecteur de l'installation de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue de côté partielle du projecteur des figures 1 et 2 et ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue de face du projecteur des figures 1 à 3.
The invention will be better understood and other advantages thereof will appear more clearly in the light of the following description of an embodiment of a projector according to its principle and a method of implementation of this projector also in accordance with its principle, given solely by way of example and with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a schematic representation of principle of an electrostatic coating product projection installation comprising a rotating projector according to the invention;
  • the figure 2 is a partial perspective view of the projector of the installation of the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 3 is a partial side view of the projector figures 1 and 2 and;
  • the figure 4 is a front view of the projector Figures 1 to 3 .

L'installation 1 représentée à la figure 1 comprend un convoyeur 2 apte à déplacer des objets O à revêtir le long d'un axe X2 perpendiculaire au plan de la figure 1. Dans l'exemple des figures, l'objet O déplacé par le convoyeur 2 est une carrosserie de véhicule automobile.The installation 1 represented at figure 1 comprises a conveyor 2 capable of moving O objects to be coated along an axis X 2 perpendicular to the plane of the figure 1 . In the example of the figures, the object O moved by the conveyor 2 is a motor vehicle body.

L'installation 1 comprend également un projecteur 10 de type rotatif et électrostatique et qui comprend un bol 20 formant organe de pulvérisation et supporté par un corps 30 à l'intérieur duquel est montée une turbine 40 d'entraînement en rotation du bol 20 autour d'un axe X30 défini par le corps 30.The installation 1 also comprises a projector 10 of the rotary and electrostatic type and which comprises a bowl 20 forming a spraying member and supported by a body 30 inside which is mounted a turbine 40 for rotating the bowl 20 around the body. an X-axis 30 defined by the body 30.

Le corps 30 renferme également une unité haute tension 50 reliée au bol 20 par un câble haute tension 51 et un conduit 60 d'alimentation du bol 20 en produit de revêtement à pulvériser.The body 30 also encloses a high voltage unit 50 connected to the bowl 20 by a high voltage cable 51 and a feed line 60 from the bowl 20 of spray coating material.

Un distributeur 21 est solidarisé à la partie amont du bol 20 pour canaliser et répartir le produit de revêtement, La vitesse de rotation du bol 20 en charge, c'est-à-dire lorsqu'il pulvérise du produit, est comprise entre 20 000 tours/mn et 80 000 tours/mn.A distributor 21 is secured to the upstream portion of the bowl 20 to channel and distribute the coating product, the speed of rotation of the bowl 20 in charge, that is to say when spraying product, is between 20,000 rpm and 80,000 rpm.

Le bol 20 présente une symétrie de révolution autour de l'axe X30 et comporte une surface de répartition 22 sur laquelle le produit de revêtement s'étale, sous l'effet de la force centrifuge, jusqu'à une arête de pulvérisation 23 où il est micronisé en fines gouttelettes. L'ensemble des gouttelettes forme un jet J1 de produit quittant le bol 20, au niveau de son arête 23 et se dirigeant vers l'objet O sur lequel il recouvre une surface d'impact S avec une couche C de produit de revêtement dont l'épaisseur est exagéré à la figure 1, pour la clarté du dessin.The bowl 20 has a symmetry of revolution about the X axis 30 and has a distribution surface 22 on which the coating product spreads, under the effect of centrifugal force, to a spraying edge 23 where it is micronised in fine droplets. The set of droplets forms a jet J 1 of product leaving the bowl 20, at its edge 23 and pointing towards the object O on which it covers an impact surface S with a layer C of coating product of which the thickness is exaggerated at the figure 1 , for the sake of clarity.

La surface arrière externe 24 du bol 20, c'est-à-dire sa surface qui n'est pas tournée vers son axe de rotation X30, est tournée vers le corps 30.The outer rear surface 24 of the bowl 20, that is to say its surface which is not turned towards its axis of rotation X 30 , is turned towards the body 30.

Le corps 30 présente des orifices primaires 34 et des orifices secondaires 36 disposés sur un même cercle C30 centré sur l'axe X30. Ces orifices primaires 34 et secondaires 36 sont destinés à émettre respectivement des jets d'air primaires J34 et des jets d'air secondaires J36 qui s'étendent, en sortie des orifices 34 et 36, selon leurs directions respectives Δ34 et Δ36. Les orifices 34 et 36 sont disposés en alternance le long du cercle C30. En d'autres termes, chaque orifice 34 est disposé, le long du cercle C30, entre deux orifices 36, et réciproquement.The body 30 has primary orifices 34 and secondary orifices 36 disposed on the same circle C 30 centered on the axis X 30 . These primary and secondary orifices 34 are intended to emit, respectively, primary air jets J 34 and secondary air jets J 36 which extend, at the outlet of orifices 34 and 36, in their respective directions Δ 34 and Δ 36 . The orifices 34 and 36 are arranged alternately along circle C 30 . In other words, each orifice 34 is disposed along the circle C 30 between two orifices 36, and vice versa.

Les orifices 34 sont disposés selon un contour primaire, alors que les orifices 36 sont disposés selon un contour secondaire, ces contours primaires et secondaires étant confondus avec le cercle C30. Grâce au fait que les premier et deuxième contours sont confondus, la face avant du corps 30 dans laquelle sont ménagés les orifices 34 et 36 peut avoir une largeur radiale faible. Son aire est donc faible, alors qu'il s'agit de la partie du projecteur la plus exposée aux salissures. En outre, moins cette face avant est épaisse radialement, moins la zone dans laquelle se crée, en avant de cette face, une dépression effet Venturi, est importante.The orifices 34 are arranged in a primary contour, while the orifices 36 are arranged in a secondary contour, these primary and secondary contours coinciding with the circle C 30 . Due to the fact that the first and second contours are combined, the front face of the body 30 in which are formed the orifices 34 and 36 may have a small radial width. Its area is therefore small, while it is the part of the projector most exposed to soiling. In addition, the less this front face is thick radially, the less the area in which is created in front of this face, a depression Venturi effect, is important.

Le long de l'axe X30, l'arête 23 se trouve à une distance axiale L1 du cercle C qui vaut ici sensiblement 10 mm. La distance L1 représente donc le dépassement du bol 20 hors du corps 30.Along the X axis 30 , the edge 23 is at an axial distance L 1 of the circle C which is here substantially 10 mm. The distance L 1 therefore represents the passing of the bowl 20 out of the body 30.

Les directions primaires Δ34 et secondaires Δ36 sont déterminées respectivement par les inclinaisons, par rapport à l'axe X30, de canaux primaires 340 et de canaux secondaires 360 définis dans le corps 2. Ces canaux 340 et 360 sont rectilignes et débouchent respectivement sur les orifices primaires 34 et secondaires 36. En amont, les canaux 340 et 360 sont reliés à deux sources indépendantes d'alimentation en air comprimé connues et soi et permettant de former les jets J34 et J36. Ces sources, ainsi que les moyens d'alimentation en air des canaux 340 et 360 ne sont pas représentés, pour la clarté du dessin. Ils peuvent être du type de ceux représentés à la figure 4 de WO-A-2009/010646 .The primary directions Δ 34 and secondary Δ 36 are respectively determined by the inclinations, with respect to the axis X 30 , of primary channels 340 and secondary channels 360 defined in the body 2. These channels 340 and 360 are straight and open respectively on the primary and secondary orifices 34 and 36. Upstream, the channels 340 and 360 are connected to two known independent sources of compressed air supply and to form the jets J 34 and J 36 . These sources, as well as the air supply means of the channels 340 and 360 are not shown, for clarity of the drawing. They may be of the type represented in figure 4 of WO-2009/010646 .

En fonctionnement du projecteur 10, les canaux 340 sont alimentés avec une pression et un débit d'air tels que le débit total des jets primaires est compris entre 100 et 500 litres/mn. En fonctionnement, les canaux 360 sont alimentés avec une pression et un débit d'air tels que le débit total des jets secondaires est compris entre 100 et 500 litres/mn.In operation of the projector 10, the channels 340 are supplied with a pressure and a flow of air such that the total flow of the primary jets is between 100 and 500 liters / min. In operation, the channels 360 are supplied with a pressure and a flow of air such that the total flow of the secondary jets is between 100 and 500 liters / min.

La direction Δ34 présente, par rapport à l'axe X30, une composante axiale Δ34 visible à la figure 3 qui est non nulle et correspond au fait que l'air sort des orifices primaires 34 vers l'avant du projecteur, c'est-à-dire en direction de l'objet O à revêtir. Cette direction primaire Δ34 présente également une composante radiale et centrifuge R34 qui correspond au fait que la direction radiale diverge de l'axe X30 en s'éloignant d'un orifice primaire 34.The direction Δ 34 has, with respect to the axis X 30 , an axial component Δ 34 visible at the figure 3 which is non-zero and corresponds to the fact that the air emerges from the primary orifices 34 towards the front of the headlamp, that is to say in the direction of the object O to be coated. This primary direction Δ 34 also has a radial and centrifugal component R 34 which corresponds to the fact that the radial direction diverges from the X axis 30 away from a primary orifice 34.

Les valeurs relatives des composantes A34 et R34 sont choisies de telle sorte qu'un angle α, défini dans le plan de la figure 3 qui est radial à l'axe X30, entre ces composantes a une valeur comprise entre 0 et 30°, de préférence entre 3 et 18°.The relative values of the components A 34 and R 34 are chosen so that an angle α, defined in the plane of the figure 3 which is radial to the axis X 30, between these components has a value between 0 and 30 °, preferably between 3 and 18 °.

La direction Δ34 présente également une composante orthoradiale O34 visible à la figure 4 qui correspond au fait que les jets d'air primaires 34 forment une jupe tourbillonnante ou « vortex ».The direction Δ 34 also has an orthoradial component O 34 visible at the figure 4 which corresponds to the fact that the primary air jets 34 form a swirling skirt or "vortex".

On note D20 le diamètre nominal du bol 20, c'est-à-dire le diamètre de l'arête de pulvérisation 23.D 20 denotes the nominal diameter of the bowl 20, that is to say the diameter of the spray edge 23.

On note D30 le diamètre du cercle C sur lequel sont répartis les orifices primaires et secondaires 34 et 36. Le diamètre D30 est supérieur au diamètre D20. Ainsi, compte tenu de cette différence de diamètre et du fait que la direction Δ34 a une composante radiale et centrifuge, un jet d'air primaire J34 qui s'étend le long d'une direction Δ34 passe, au niveau de l'arête de pulvérisation 23 le long de l'axe X30, à une distance radiale d34 qui est supérieure au rayon R20 du bol 30, c'est-à-dire à la moitié du diamètre D20. Grâce à cette orientation de la direction Δ34, un jet d'air primaire peut franchir librement la région dans laquelle se trouve l'arête 23.It is noted D 30 the diameter of the circle C on which are distributed primary and secondary ports 34 and 36. The diameter D 30 is greater than the diameter D 20. Thus, taking into account this difference in diameter and the fact that the direction Δ 34 has a radial and centrifugal component, a primary air jet J 34 which extends along a direction Δ 34 passes, at the level of spraying edge 23 along the X axis 30 at a radial distance d 34 which is greater than the radius R 20 of the bowl 30, i.e. half the diameter D 20 . With this orientation of the direction Δ 34 , a primary air jet can freely cross the region in which the edge 23 is located.

Autrement dit, les composantes A34, R34 et O34 de la direction Δ34 d'un jet primaire J34 permettent que ce jet s'écoule à une distance radiale d'34 non nulle de l'arête 23, cette distance radiale correspondant à la différence entre la distance radiale d34 et le rayon R20. Cette distance radiale d'34 peut être comprise entre 0 et 25 mm et dépend, entre autres, de la valeur de la distance axiale L1.In other words, the components A 34 , R 34 and O 34 of the direction Δ 34 of a primary jet J 34 allow this jet to flow at a radial distance of 34 nonzero from the edge 23, this radial distance corresponding to the difference between the radial distance d 34 and the radius R 20 . This radial distance of 34 can be between 0 and 25 mm and depends, among others, on the value of the axial distance L 1 .

Chaque jet d'air secondaire J36 est incliné, en sortie d'un canal secondaire 36 et par rapport à l'axe de rotation X30, selon une direction secondaire Δ36 qui présente une composante axiale A36 et une composante radiale et centripète R36. Ces composantes axiale et radiale sont déterminées de telle sorte que la direction Δ36 vient frapper la surface arrière 24 du bol 20, comme cela ressort de la figure 3.Each secondary air jet J 36 is inclined, at the outlet of a secondary channel 36 and with respect to the axis of rotation X 30 , in a secondary direction Δ 36 which has an axial component A 36 and a radial and centripetal component R 36 . These axial and radial components are determined in such a way that the direction Δ 36 strikes the rear surface 24 of the bowl 20, as is apparent from FIG. figure 3 .

On note 25 une zone annulaire de la surface arrière 24 qui reçoit les jets secondaires. A partir de la zone 25, chaque jet d'air secondaire s'étale sur la partie de la surface 24 située entre la zone 25 et l'arête 23. Ceci permet de générer un flux d'air secondaire en forme de nappe relativement uniforme.There is an annular area of the rear surface 24 which receives the secondary jets. From zone 25, each secondary air jet spreads over the part of the surface 24 located between the zone 25 and the edge 23. This makes it possible to generate a secondary air stream in the form of a relatively uniform sheet. .

Ainsi, le jet J1 de produit de revêtement quittant l'arête 23 est soumis, d'une part, aux jets d'air primaires J34, qui s'étendent chacun selon une direction Δ34 à distance de l'arête 23, et, d'autre part, aux jets secondaires J36, qui lèchent la surface 24 après avoir impacté celle-ci dans la zone 25.Thus, the jet J 1 of coating product leaving the edge 23 is subjected, on the one hand, to the primary air jets J 34 , which each extend in a direction Δ 34 away from the edge 23, and, on the other hand, secondary jets J 36 , which lick the surface 24 after having impacted the latter in zone 25.

Compte tenu de l'orientation de leurs directions Δ34, les jets d'air primaires J34 tendent à dilater ou expandre radialement par rapport à l'axe X30 le jet de produit de revêtement J1. D'autre part, les jets secondaires J36 qui lèchent la surface arrière 24 du bol 20 tendant à rabattre le jet J1 de produit de revêtement en direction de l'axe X30.Given the orientation of their directions Δ 34 , the primary air jets J 34 tend to expand or expand radially with respect to the axis X 30 the jet of coating product J 1 . On the other hand, the secondary jets J 36 licking the rear surface 24 of the bowl 20 tending to fold down the jet J 1 coating product in the direction of the axis X 30 .

Dans ces conditions, l'action combinée des jets primaires J34 et des jets secondaires J36 a pour effet de créer un nuage de produit de revêtement, entre le bol 20 et la surface S, qui présente un profil de vitesse relativement homogène, comme représenté par le profil P à la figure 1.Under these conditions, the combined effect of the primary jets J 34 and the secondary jets J 36 has the effect of creating a cloud of coating material, between the bowl 20 and the surface S, which has a relatively homogeneous velocity profile, such as represented by the profile P at the figure 1 .

Ainsi, la distance axiale L2, mesurée entre l'arête 23 et la surface S parallèlement à l'axe X30 lors de la pulvérisation de produit de revêtement peut être conservée à une valeur faible, ce qui garantit un bon rendement de dépôt, alors que la largeur d'impact du nuage de produit de revêtement sur la surface S est élevée.Thus, the axial distance L 2 as measured between edge 23 and the surface S parallel to the axis X 30 when the coating material spray can be maintained at a low value, which ensures a good transfer efficiency, while the impact width of the coating product cloud on the surface S is high.

En pratique, pour un bol de diamètre D20 compris entre 50 et 100 mm, la distance L2 est inférieure à 200 mm, de préférence inférieure à 180 mm. Des résultats particulièrement satisfaisants peuvent être envisagés avec une distance L2 inférieure à 150 mm. Ceci est notamment le cas lors de la mise en oeuvre d'un pulvérisateur électrostatique avec charge interne, c'est-à-dire par contact du produit de revêtement avec le bol 20 qui est électriquement conducteur et porté à la haute tension. En variante, l'invention est utilisable avec un pulvérisateur à charge externe, avec la même gamme de valeurs pour la distance L2.In practice, for a diameter of bowl D 20 between 50 and 100 mm, the distance L 2 is less than 200 mm, preferably less than 180 mm. Particularly satisfactory results can be envisaged with a distance L 2 of less than 150 mm. This is particularly the case when implementing an electrostatic sprayer with internal charge, that is to say by contacting the coating product with the bowl 20 which is electrically conductive and brought to the high voltage. Alternatively, the invention is usable with an externally charged sprayer, with the same range of values for the distance L 2 .

Les débits des jets primaire J34 et secondaire J36 et la vitesse de rotation du bol 20 sont choisis pour que la vitesse d'une gouttelette de peinture quittant l'arête 23 soit supérieure à 5 m/s.The flow rates of the primary jets J 34 and secondary J 36 and the speed of rotation of the bowl 20 are chosen so that the speed of a droplet of paint leaving the edge 23 is greater than 5 m / s.

La vitesse de déplacement du pulvérisateur 20 perpendiculairement à l'axe X30, comme représentée par la double flèche F à la figure 1, est comprise entre 0,2 et 2 m/s, . Compte tenu de la « robustesse » du nuage de produit de revêtement en sortie du bol 20, cette vitesse de déplacement relativement rapide ne risque pas de déformer ou de rendre inhomogène ce nuage, de sorte que le dépôt de produit de revêtement sur la surface S est régulier.The speed of movement of the sprayer 20 perpendicular to the X axis 30 , as represented by the double arrow F at the figure 1 is between 0.2 and 2 m / s, Given the "robustness" of the coating material cloud at the outlet of the bowl 20, this relatively fast movement speed is not likely to deform or make the cloud inhomogeneous, so that the coating product deposited on the surface S is regular.

L'installation 1 peut comprendre des moyens de détermination de la distance L2, par mesure ou par calcul et cette distance peut être prise en compte pour ajuster la valeur de la haute tension appliquée au produit de revêtement, notamment par l'intermédiaire du bol 20 qui est électriquement conducteur. Plus précisément, la valeur de consigne de la haute tension délivrée par l'unité 50 peut être fixée à une valeur nominale U telle que le rapport U/L2, qui correspond au champ électrostatique moyen entre l'arête 23 et l'objet O, est constant lorsque la distance L2 varie.The installation 1 may comprise means for determining the distance L 2 , by measurement or by calculation, and this distance may be taken into account to adjust the value of the high voltage applied to the coating product, in particular by means of the bowl. Which is electrically conductive. More specifically, the set value of the high voltage delivered by the unit 50 can be set to a nominal value U such that the U / L ratio 2 , which corresponds to the average electrostatic field between the edge 23 and the object O, is constant when the distance L 2 varies.

De façon tout-à-fait avantageuse, et compte tenu de la valeur relativement faible de la distance L2, la valeur nominale de la haute tension utilisée pour charger électrostatiquement est sélectionnée inférieure à 80 kV. Compte tenu de la valeur relativement faible de la distance L2, le champ électrostatique entre le bol 20 et l'objet O est intense, avec le même niveau d'intensité que dans les installations classiques, tout en utilisant des valeurs de tension plus basses qu'à l'accoutumée et en diminuant, en conséquence, les risques d'incendie puisque l'énergie capacitive stockée est proportionnelle au carré de la haute tension nominale délivrée par l'unité 50.In a completely advantageous manner, and given the relatively low value of the distance L 2 , the nominal value of the high voltage used for electrostatically charging is selected to be less than 80 kV. Given the relatively low value of the distance L 2 , the electrostatic field between the bowl 20 and the object O is intense, with the same intensity level as in conventional installations, while using lower voltage values than usual and decreasing, therefore, the risk of fire since the stored capacitive energy is proportional to the square of the high nominal voltage delivered by the unit 50.

En pratique, la valeur de la haute tension U est choisie en fonction de celle de la distance L2 de telle sorte que le rapport U/L2 vaut approximativement 3kV/cm. Cette valeur est avantageusement comprise entre 1 kV/cm et 4 kV/cm.In practice, the value of the high voltage U is chosen according to that of the distance L 2 so that the U / L ratio 2 is approximately 3kV / cm. This value is advantageously between 1 kV / cm and 4 kV / cm.

Même s'il est particulièrement avantageux d'utiliser à la fois des jets d'air primaires J34 et des jets d'air secondaires J36 avec le projecteur et la méthode de l'invention, l'utilisation des jets d'air secondaires est facultative dans la mesure où, compte tenu de l'orientation de la direction Δ34, les jets d'air primaires assurent à titre principal la fonction de conformation du jet J1 de produit de revêtement quittant le bol.Although it is particularly advantageous to use both J 34 primary air jets and J 36 secondary air jets with the projector and the method of the invention, the use of secondary air jets is optional in that, given the orientation of the direction Δ 34 , the primary air jets primarily provide the conformation function of the jet J 1 coating product leaving the bowl.

Claims (5)

  1. Rotating projector (10) for a coating product comprising
    - a spraying device (20) of the coating product having at least one circular spraying edge (23),
    - means (40) for driving the spraying device around a rotational axis (X30),
    - a body (30) that defines the rotational axis and which comprises primary openings (34) arranged on a primary contour (C30) surrounding the rotational axis,
    with each primary opening (34) intended for injecting a primary air jet (J34) in a primary direction (Δ34) having, with respect to the rotational axis, an axial component (A34) and an orthoradial component (O34) which are not equal to zero, the primary direction (Δ34) having a radial component (R34) which is not equal to zero and centrifugal with respect to the rotational axis (X30) and
    a primary jet (J34) extending, at the spraying edge (23) along the rotational axis, at a distance (d34) from the rotational axis (X30) that is strictly greater than the radius (R20) of the spraying edge,
    characterised in that:
    - the body (30) comprises secondary openings (36) arranged on a secondary contour (C30) surrounding the rotational axis (X30), each secondary opening being intended for ejecting a secondary air jet (J36) in a secondary direction (Δ36) having, with respect to the rotational axis, an axial component (A36) and a centripetal radial component (R36) which are not equal to zero, such that the secondary jet hits an external surface (24) of the spraying device (20),
    - the primary and secondary contours of the primary (34) and secondary (36) openings coincide with a circle (C30) centred about the rotational axis (X30), and
    - the primary direction (Δ34) forms, in a radial plane and with respect to the rotational axis (X30), an angle (α) between 3 and 12°.
  2. Method for spraying a coating product onto a surface of an object to be coated, using a rotating projector (10) comprising:
    - a spraying device (20) of the coating product having at least one circular spraying edge (23)
    - means (40) for driving the spraying device around a rotational axis (X30), and
    - a body (30) which defines the rotational axis,
    method wherein, during spraying,
    - the coating product (J1) sprayed from the circular edge (23) is subjected to the action of primary jets (J34) exiting from primary openings arranged on a primary contour, with these primary jets each being directed in a primary direction (Δ34) having, with respect to the rotational axis (X30), an axial component (A34) and an orthoradial component (O34) which are not equal to zero,
    - the primary direction (Δ34) has a radial component (R34) which is not equal to zero and centrifugal with respect to the rotational axis (X30),
    - a primary jet (J34) extends, at the spraying edge (24) and along the rotational axis (X30), at a distance (d34) that is strictly greater than the radius (R20) of the circular spraying edge,
    with this method characterised in that
    - the diameter (D20) of the spraying edge is between 50 and 100 mm,
    - the circular spraying edge (23) is arranged at an axial distance (L2) from the object to be coated (O), measured parallel to the rotational axis (X30), which is less than 200 mm, preferably less than 180 mm, more preferably less than 150 mm,
    - during spraying, the coating product is subjected to the action of secondary air jets (J36) exiting from secondary openings arranged on a secondary contour coinciding with the primary contour and with a circle (C30) centred about the rotational axis, with these secondary jets each being directed in a secondary direction (Δ36) having, with respect to the rotational axis (X30), an axial component (A36) and a centripetal radial component (R36) which are not equal to zero, with these jets hitting an external surface (24) of the spraying device,
    the primary direction (Δ34) forms, in a radial plane and with respect to the rotational axis (X30), an angle (α) between 3 and 12°.
  3. Method according to claim 2, characterised in that the total flow of the primary jets (J34) is between 100 and 500 litres/mn.
  4. Method according to claim 3, characterised in that the total flow of the secondary jets (J36) is between 100 and 500 litres/mn.
  5. Method according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterised in that the flow of the primary jets (J34), where applicable the flow of the secondary jets (J36) and the rotation speed of the spraying device (20) are adjusted in such a way that the speed of the droplets of coating product exiting the circular edge (23) is greater than 5 m/s and in that the speed of displacement (F) of the projector with respect to the surface of the object to be coated (O) is between 0.2 and 2 m/s.
EP13715247.6A 2012-04-13 2013-04-12 Rotating projector and method for spraying a coating product Active EP2836309B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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PL13715247T PL2836309T3 (en) 2012-04-13 2013-04-12 Rotating projector and method for spraying a coating product

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR1253420A FR2989289B1 (en) 2012-04-13 2012-04-13 ROTARY PROJECTOR AND METHOD FOR SPRAYING A COATING PRODUCT
PCT/EP2013/057699 WO2013153205A1 (en) 2012-04-13 2013-04-12 Rotating projector and method for spraying a coating product

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EP2836309B1 true EP2836309B1 (en) 2017-12-13

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JP5681779B1 (en) * 2013-11-08 2015-03-11 ランズバーグ・インダストリー株式会社 Electrostatic coating machine
US20210387213A1 (en) * 2021-05-28 2021-12-16 Graco Minnesota Inc. Rotory bell atomizer shaping air configuration and air cap apparatus

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JPH084941A (en) * 1994-06-21 1996-01-12 Fuji Univance:Kk Tire valve cap
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EP2836309A1 (en) 2015-02-18
US10335809B2 (en) 2019-07-02
RU2014145523A (en) 2016-06-10
FR2989289A1 (en) 2013-10-18
KR20150002808A (en) 2015-01-07
PL2836309T3 (en) 2018-05-30
RU2623413C2 (en) 2017-06-26
FR2989289B1 (en) 2015-07-17
US20150110964A1 (en) 2015-04-23
NO2836309T3 (en) 2018-05-12
CN104379265B (en) 2016-10-19
ES2660792T3 (en) 2018-03-26
JP2015518419A (en) 2015-07-02
WO2013153205A1 (en) 2013-10-17
KR102109824B1 (en) 2020-05-12
ES2660792T8 (en) 2018-04-05
JP6294303B2 (en) 2018-03-14
CN104379265A (en) 2015-02-25

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