EP2835336B1 - Mechanical locking head - Google Patents

Mechanical locking head Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2835336B1
EP2835336B1 EP13179854.8A EP13179854A EP2835336B1 EP 2835336 B1 EP2835336 B1 EP 2835336B1 EP 13179854 A EP13179854 A EP 13179854A EP 2835336 B1 EP2835336 B1 EP 2835336B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
locking head
unlocking
coupling
head according
actuator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP13179854.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2835336A1 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Kaupert
Bernd Backes
Johannes Schürmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS
Original Assignee
Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS filed Critical Manitowoc Crane Group France SAS
Priority to EP13179854.8A priority Critical patent/EP2835336B1/en
Priority to ES13179854.8T priority patent/ES2667327T3/en
Priority to CA2857468A priority patent/CA2857468A1/en
Priority to JP2014148702A priority patent/JP6192612B2/en
Priority to BR102014018694A priority patent/BR102014018694A2/en
Priority to CN201410389247.7A priority patent/CN104340883B/en
Priority to US14/455,688 priority patent/US10322915B2/en
Publication of EP2835336A1 publication Critical patent/EP2835336A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2835336B1 publication Critical patent/EP2835336B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/64—Jibs
    • B66C23/70—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths
    • B66C23/701—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic
    • B66C23/708—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic locking devices for telescopic jibs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a locking head for a crane boom comprising at least two telescopic sections.
  • the telescoping cylinder comprises for this purpose at the end at which the piston rod exits from the cylinder, a locking head, which can be moved by the telescoping cylinder in the longitudinal direction of the boom and essentially performs two functions.
  • the lock between the telescopic section to be moved and the next outer telescopic section must be released and locked again after extending or retracting.
  • the respective telescopic section to be traversed must be coupled to the locking head and thus to the telescoping cylinder in such a way that an extension or retraction of the telescoping cylinder causes the respective telescopic section to retract or retract. It must be ensured that the respective telescopic section is coupled before releasing the lock with the next outer telescopic section with the locking head and is decoupled again after locking with the next outer telescopic section from the locking head.
  • a locking head is known in which to increase the reliability of hydraulic circuits are controlled by drivers who are set by the locking bolt to be moved, so that unlocking the telescopic shots is possible only when the driver on displacing telescopic section are set and, conversely, the release of the driver from the telescopic shifter to be relocated can only be done when the lock between two telescopic shots is done again.
  • a locking head is known in which the coupling of the locking head by means of a first hydraulic cylinder and the lock between the individual telescopic shots is actuated by means of a second hydraulic cylinder.
  • the DE 198 24 672 shows a configured as a socket and slidable on the cylinder housing a piston-cylinder unit locking head. Relative to the locking head, a sliding piece with two guide grooves for actuating securing bolts and a perpendicular thereto and engaging in a further guide groove guide ring for actuating a telescopic bolt lock is arranged.
  • a locking head according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE 10 2011 116083 A1 known.
  • the first slotted guide and the second slotted guide form a positive guide acting in an actuating direction and in an opposite return
  • At least one unlocking device and at least one coupling device are mechanically actuated by means of one and the same actuating element of the locking head.
  • the term "mechanical” is to be understood below that the actuator transmits forces to the unlocking device and the coupling device.
  • the actuating element acts directly on an unlocking device and / or a coupling device or at least indirectly via one or more dimensionally stable elements an unlocking device and / or a coupling device Forces applied.
  • the actuator of the locking head according to the invention also acts both in an actuating direction and in an opposing return direction on the unlocking device and the coupling device.
  • the link guides each have at least one link and at least one guided in the backdrop element.
  • the scenes extend according to the invention all in a single plane or at least in mutually parallel planes. It is conceivable that at least one of the guided in the scenes elements associated with the actuator or is firmly connected thereto. However, preference is given to an embodiment in which all scenes are assigned to the actuator, or in other words incorporated in this. The relative movements of the scenes and guided in them elements are also due to the parallelism of the backdrop levels also parallel to each other.
  • the telescoping device may, for example, have a hydraulic telescoping cylinder in order to move the locking head, in particular to the piston rod of the telecopying cylinder, but this is also the case any other suitable for this function means conceivable, for example, electric, hydraulic or pneumatic actuators, in particular linear actuators. So it can also be used as electric, hydraulic or pneumatic motors as well as pneumatic cylinders.
  • the main body of the locking head is fixedly coupled to the telescoping device or a Teleskopierzylinder, which in turn is coupled to a fixed base, such as the basic shot of the boom.
  • the actuator may consist of an integrally molded component.
  • the actuating member comprises a plurality of parts which are fixedly connected to each other and thus form the actuating member.
  • the actuating member is designed to be movable relative to the main body of the locking head, wherein in particular a translational movement is preferred.
  • the actuating member is designed to be rotationally movable relative to the main body of the locking head, wherein furthermore a combination of translational and rotational movement, ie a pivoting movement is conceivable.
  • an actuation of the unlocking device and the coupling device can be effected by the movement of the actuating member relative to the main body of the locking head.
  • the unlocking device and / or the coupling device comprises at least one movable relative to the base body, in particular translationally guided guided element, by means of which the actuating member acts on the unlocking device or the coupling device.
  • the main body has a guide for elements of the unlocking device and / or the coupling device, wherein the actuating member can act directly or indirectly on these elements to actuate the unlocking device and / or the coupling device.
  • the actuator should be designed so that the individual telescopic shots can only be unlocked from each other by means of the unlocking when the respective inner telescopic section is already firmly coupled by means of the coupling device to the locking head.
  • the telescopic shots can only be decoupled from the locking head when they are already locked to the respective outer telescopic section.
  • the movably guided to the main body element of the unlocking device and / or the coupling device can be guided in a direction which is transverse, in particular perpendicular to the direction of movement of the actuating member.
  • the unlocking of the locking head may comprise a hinged to the main body fixed support member which couples the movement of the movable guided element of the unlocking device with the movement of the telescopic weft lock.
  • this articulated element can be a lever with which the movement of the movably guided element of the unlocking device is transferred into that of the telescopic-action lock. With such a lever, it is possible to couple the direction of movement of the movably guided element of the unlocking device and the direction of movement of the telescopic section lock, for example a translationally guided locking bolt, differing therefrom.
  • an unlocking device comprises a lever mechanism with a plurality of hinged elements or levers in order to couple the movement of the guided element of the unlocking device with that of the telescopic-action lock.
  • the locking head has two unlocking or coupling devices acting in substantially opposite directions.
  • two substantially opposite telescopic-shot locks can be unlocked and locked by means of the unlocking device.
  • the coupling of the telescopic sections to the locking head can be done at two opposite locations.
  • the effective directions of the unlocking and the coupling devices extend transversely, in particular perpendicular to the actuating direction of the actuating member.
  • these may be substantially parallel to each other. In particular, these may be substantially horizontal in the installed state of the locking head.
  • the resetting movements can be understood as the movements in which the coupling device is moved out of the coupling or out of the engagement of the locking head with a telescopic weft or the unlocking device moves the telescopic weft locking into a locked position between individual telescopic sections.
  • both the positive guide / link for the unlocking and the positive guide / link for the coupling device are arranged in a substantially planar portion of the actuator, so extend substantially in the same plane.
  • a substantially same extent start or end points of these scenes at a substantially same height along the direction of movement of the actuating element of these scenes is held.
  • the actuating member be designed such that the telescopic shot locking is released only after the coupling of the respective telescopic section to the locking head or the telescoping device and the coupling after the locking of the respective telescopic section with another telescopic section.
  • the actuating member is moved relative to the main body by means of a hydraulic cylinder.
  • a hydraulic cylinder it is also conceivable to provide any other means suitable for this function, for example electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic drives, in particular linear drives. So it can also be used as electric, hydraulic or pneumatic motors as well as pneumatic cylinders. Since the actuator is the only element required for the actuation of the coupling device and the locking device, the cylinder (s) acting on the actuator (s) are consequently the only power source for the locking and coupling
  • a double-acting hydraulic cylinder can be provided, by means of which the actuating member and thus the unlocking device and the coupling device is actuated.
  • the double-acting hydraulic cylinder can be configured together with the actuator such that at a middle position, ie a lying approximately midway between the maximum deflections position of the piston in the hydraulic cylinder, the locking head is coupled to the respective telescopic shot, while this telescopic shot additionally locked with the next outer telescopic section is.
  • the locking head comprises a restoring device, which transfers the actuating member into a basic position.
  • This can be a basic position in which the unlocking device unlocks no locking and the coupling device does not couple a telescopic section to the locking head or the telescoping device.
  • preference is given to a basic position in which the respective telescopic section used is "double-secured" as described above.
  • Another aspect of the present invention relates to a crane, in particular a mobile crane, with a telescope comprising at least two telescopic sections, in particular a telescopic crane boom and a locking head associated with the telescope according to one of the embodiments described above.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the locking head 2 according to the invention, which can be moved by means of the telescoping cylinder 1 inside a telescopic boom (not shown).
  • the locking head 2 is located at one end of the telescoping cylinder 1 and is firmly connected thereto.
  • the main body 3 forms the central structure of the locking head 2 and receives substantially all other elements of the locking head 2 or stores them.
  • the locking head 2 On both sides of the locking head 2 guides for bolts 5 d of the coupling devices 5 are provided, wherein the direction of movement of the bolt 5 d is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the locking head 2.
  • the locking head 2 is coupled with a telescopic weft to be retracted or retracted by the locking bolts 5d engaging in corresponding receptacles on the telescopic weft.
  • the locking head 2 two in the installed position of the locking head 2 above unlocking means 4, each comprising two levers 4b, which are movable about a arranged on the base body 3 pivot bearing.
  • the levers 4b of the unlocking devices 4 are connected at their ends facing away from the base body 3 by means of not further designated attack sections which can engage in corresponding receptacles of a telescopic-shot lock.
  • the locking head 2 further comprises an actuating member 6, which can be moved parallel to the direction of movement of the locking head 2 and relative to the base body 3.
  • actuating member 6 which can be moved parallel to the direction of movement of the locking head 2 and relative to the base body 3.
  • a arranged next to the telescoping cylinder 1 and the locking head 2 associated hydraulic cylinder 7 is provided, which upon extension, the actuator 6 forward (in the FIG. 1 down to the left).
  • tension springs 8 are further provided, which convert the actuator 6 back into a basic position or the cylinder 7 at least support this.
  • the actuating member 6 has a forced guidance or a sliding guide 4c, 5c for both the coupling and the unlocking devices, in which corresponding elements 4a, 5a of the unlocking devices 4 or the coupling devices 5 engage. It is to be regarded as particularly advantageous here that the elements 4a and 5a engage from different sides into the sliding guides 4c, 5c of the actuating member 6, since in this way the actuating member 6 can be arranged in a space-saving manner between the locking mechanism and the coupling mechanism. Thus, neither the unlocking device nor the coupling device must engage through the respective other or past the actuating member 6. The movement of the actuator 6 along the longitudinal axis of the cantilever also contributes to this space saving solution, such as the flat, horizontal orientation of the actuator 6.
  • FIG. 2 is the slide guide 4c, 5c of the actuator to recognize.
  • the bolts 5d of the coupling devices 5 are moved radially outwards, ie out of the main body 3, as soon as the actuator 6 moves out of its basic position in the FIG. 2 is moved to the left.
  • the coupling devices 5 immediately after actuation of the actuator 6 the coupling of the locking head 2 takes place at a surrounding telescopic section.
  • the elements 5a are coupled directly to the bolt 5d, so that the bolts 5d are moved outwards as soon as the elements 5a are displaced outwards by means of the slotted guide 5c. The reverse operation is carried out accordingly.
  • the guides 4c and 5c are “nested” in one another, so their more outer sections so at the same end of the actuator 6 (in the FIG. 2 on the right side), as well as their further inner sections (in the FIG. 2 Left).
  • the double slide guide 4c, 5c builds very compact, since the scenes can be arranged close to each other. Irrespective thereof, this also contributes to the fact that the slotted guides 4c, 5c extend horizontally, thus effecting an actuation of the elements engaging therein along a horizontal direction.
  • FIGS. 5A to 5C an alternative embodiment of the locking head according to the invention in different positions is shown schematically.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 7 and thus also the actuating member 6 are in a middle position, ie an actuation in both the one and in the other direction is possible.
  • this middle position the locking head is coupled both to the innermost telescopic section via the coupling device 5, while this telescopic section is also locked to the next outer telescopic section.
  • the in the FIG. 5A shown position is reached only when the hydraulic cylinder 7 of the in the FIG. 5B shown maximum deflection, in which the locking head is not yet coupled to the telescopic section and thus can be moved within the boom, is brought into the center position.
  • the two telescopic sections are unlocked from each other by means of the unlocking device 4, while the inner telescopic section is still coupled to the locking head. In this position, the telescopic section can ultimately be moved by means of the telescoping cylinder.
  • the restoring device shown schematically by means of two springs 8 always strives to spend the hydraulic cylinder 7 and thus also the actuating member in the center position, so that the respective telescopic shot is secured by both the next outer telescopic section and the locking head.
  • FIG. 6 there is seen a double acting hydraulic cylinder 7 fed by the hydraulic fluid feeds 7b and 7c.
  • the restoring device in the form of a spring 8 is arranged between two spring plates 8a and 8b and always brings the piston rod into a central position, from which the hydraulic cylinder 7 retracts (pressurization of the annular chamber with hydraulic fluid through the Feeder 7c) and extended (admission of the annular chamber through the supply 7b) can be.
  • FIG. 7 an alternative embodiment of the locking head according to the invention is shown in different operating positions, the in the FIG. 4 shown positions correspond to the first embodiment.
  • the left figure shows the telescope in a bolted and secured configuration, while the middle figure bolted and unlocked the telescope and the right figure, the telescope bolted and secured shows.
  • FIG. 8 a perspective view of the alternative embodiment of the locking head according to the invention.
  • This embodiment substantially corresponds to that in the FIG. 1 shown, but with a double-acting hydraulic cylinder instead of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder in the FIG. 1 .
  • the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 7 also comprises the return device 8, which is designed here as a spring 8 concentric with the hydraulic cylinder 7.
  • the FIGS. 9 and 10 essentially correspond to the FIGS. 3 and 2 and show the alternative embodiment with a double acting hydraulic cylinder.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Verriegelungskopf für einen zumindest zwei Teleskopschüsse umfassenden Kranausleger.The invention relates to a locking head for a crane boom comprising at least two telescopic sections.

Bei größeren Kranen und Mobilkranen mit Teleskopauslegern werden üblicherweise die einzelnen Teleskopschüsse des Auslegers zum Aus- bzw. Einteleskopieren des Auslegers mittels eines Teleskopierzylinders relativ zueinander verfahren. Solche Krane mit Teleskopausleger und einem Verriegelungskopf sind bereits aus der EP 0 943 580 B1 und EP 1 153 875 B1 bekannt. Der Teleskopierzylinder umfasst hierfür an dem Ende, an welchem die Kolbenstange aus dem Zylinder austritt, einen Verriegelungskopf, der durch den Teleskopierzylinder in Längsrichtung des Auslegers bewegt werden kann und im Wesentlichen zwei Funktionen wahrnimmt. Zum einen muss vor dem Aus- oder Einfahren der jeweiligen Teleskopschüsse die Verriegelung zwischen dem zu verfahrenden Teleskopschuss und dem nächstäußeren Teleskopschuss gelöst und nach dem Aus- oder Einfahren an anderer Stelle wieder verriegelt werden. Zum anderen muss der jeweils zu verfahrende Teleskopschuss mit dem Verriegelungskopf und somit mit dem Teleskopierzylinder derart gekoppelt werden, dass ein Aus- oder Einfahren des Teleskopierzylinders ein Aus- bzw. Einfahren des jeweiligen Teleskopschusses bewirkt. Dabei muss sichergestellt werden, dass der jeweilige Teleskopschuss vor dem Lösen der Verriegelung mit dem nächstäußeren Teleskopschuss mit dem Verriegelungskopf gekoppelt wird und erst nach dem Verriegeln mit dem nächstäußeren Teleskopschuss wieder vom Verriegelungskopf entkoppelt wird.For larger cranes and mobile cranes with telescopic jibs usually the individual telescopic shots of the boom for training or Einteleskopieren the boom by means of a Teleskopierzylinders be moved relative to each other. Such cranes with telescopic boom and a locking head are already out of the EP 0 943 580 B1 and EP 1 153 875 B1 known. The telescoping cylinder comprises for this purpose at the end at which the piston rod exits from the cylinder, a locking head, which can be moved by the telescoping cylinder in the longitudinal direction of the boom and essentially performs two functions. On the one hand, before the extension or retraction of the respective telescopic sections, the lock between the telescopic section to be moved and the next outer telescopic section must be released and locked again after extending or retracting. On the other hand, the respective telescopic section to be traversed must be coupled to the locking head and thus to the telescoping cylinder in such a way that an extension or retraction of the telescoping cylinder causes the respective telescopic section to retract or retract. It must be ensured that the respective telescopic section is coupled before releasing the lock with the next outer telescopic section with the locking head and is decoupled again after locking with the next outer telescopic section from the locking head.

Aus der EP 0 754 646 B1 ist ein Verriegelungskopf bekannt, bei dem zur Erhöhung der Betriebssicherheit hydraulische Kreisläufe durch Mitnehmer, die von den zu bewegenden Verriegelungsbolzen gesetzt werden, gesteuert werden, so dass eine Entriegelung der Teleskopschüsse erst möglich wird, wenn die Mitnehmer am zu verlagernden Teleskopschuss gesetzt sind und umgekehrt das Lösen der Mitnehmer vom zu verlagernden Teleskopschuss erst dann erfolgen kann, wenn die Verriegelung zwischen zwei Teleskopschüssen wieder erfolgt ist.
Aus der DE 100 04 838 ist ein Verriegelungskopf bekannt, bei dem die Koppelung des Verriegelungskopfes mittels eines ersten Hydraulikzylinders und die Verriegelung zwischen den einzelnen Teleskopschüssen mittels eines zweiten Hydraulikzylinders betätigt wird. Somit stehen für die Kopplungseinrichtung und die Verriegelungseinrichtung unterschiedliche Kraftquellen zur Verfügung.
Die DE 198 24 672 zeigt einen als Buchse ausgestalteten und auf dem Zylindergehäuse einer Kolbenzylindereinheit verschiebbaren Verriegelungskopf. Relativ zum Verriegelungskopf ist ein Schiebestück mit zwei Führungsnuten zur Betätigung von Sicherungsbolzen und einem senkrecht dazu stehenden und in eine weitere Führungsnut eingreifenden Führungsring zur Betätigung einer Teleskopschussverriegelung angeordnet.From the EP 0 754 646 B1 a locking head is known in which to increase the reliability of hydraulic circuits are controlled by drivers who are set by the locking bolt to be moved, so that unlocking the telescopic shots is possible only when the driver on displacing telescopic section are set and, conversely, the release of the driver from the telescopic shifter to be relocated can only be done when the lock between two telescopic shots is done again.
From the DE 100 04 838 a locking head is known in which the coupling of the locking head by means of a first hydraulic cylinder and the lock between the individual telescopic shots is actuated by means of a second hydraulic cylinder. Thus, different power sources are available for the coupling device and the locking device.
The DE 198 24 672 shows a configured as a socket and slidable on the cylinder housing a piston-cylinder unit locking head. Relative to the locking head, a sliding piece with two guide grooves for actuating securing bolts and a perpendicular thereto and engaging in a further guide groove guide ring for actuating a telescopic bolt lock is arranged.

Ein Verriegelungskopf gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 ist aus der DE 10 2011 116083 A1 bekannt.A locking head according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from DE 10 2011 116083 A1 known.

Es ist die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, die Funktionssicherheit eines Verriegelungskopfes bei möglichst geringem baulichen Aufwand zu erhöhen. Diese Aufgabe wird durch den Gegenstand des Schutzanspruchs 1 gelöst, wobei die Unteransprüche den Erfindungsgedanken vorteilhaft weiterbilden.
Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung umfasst der innerhalb und entlang der Längsachse eines zumindest zwei Teleskopschüsse umfassenden Kran-Auslegers und mittels einer Teleskopiereinrichtung verfahrbare Verriegelungskopf einen Grundkörper, zumindest eine zum Entriegeln einer Teleskopschuss-Verriegelung ausgestaltete Entriegelungseinrichtung und zumindest eine zum Koppeln eines Teleskopschusses an die Teleskopiereinrichtung ausgestaltete Koppeleinrichtung, wobei der Verriegelungskopf ein zum Betätigen der Entriegelungseinrichtung und der Koppeleinrichtung mechanisch auf die Entriegelungseinrichtung und die Koppeleinrichtung wirkendes Betätigungsglied mit einer ersten Kulissenführung für die Entriegelungseinrichtung und einer zweiten Kulissenführung für die Koppeleinrichtung aufweist, wobei sich die Kulissen für die erste und die zweite Kulissenführung in einer einzigen Ebene oder parallelen Ebenen erstrecken. Die erste Kulissenführung und die zweite Kulissenführung bilden eine in einer Betätigungsrichtung und in einer entgegengesetzten Rückstellrichtung auf die Entriegelungseinrichtung bzw. die Koppeleinrichtung wirkende Zwangsführung.It is the object of the present invention to increase the reliability of a locking head with minimal structural complexity. This object is achieved by the subject matter of the protection claim 1, wherein the dependent claims further develop the concept of the invention advantageous.
According to the present invention, the crane boom which extends inside and along the longitudinal axis of an at least two telescopic sections and a locking head which can be moved by means of a telescoping device comprises a base body, at least one unlocking device designed for unlocking a telescopic shot lock and at least one coupling device designed for coupling a telescope shot to the telescoping device , wherein the locking head a for actuating the unlocking device and the coupling device mechanically acting on the unlocking device and the coupling device actuator with a first link guide for the unlocking device and a second link guide for the Coupling device, wherein extending the scenes for the first and second link guide in a single plane or parallel planes. The first slotted guide and the second slotted guide form a positive guide acting in an actuating direction and in an opposite return direction on the unlocking device or the coupling device.

Mit anderen Worten wird mittels ein und desselben Betätigungsglieds des Verriegelungskopfes sowohl zumindest eine Entriegelungseinrichtung als auch zumindest eine Koppeleinrichtung mechanisch betätigt. Der Ausdruck "mechanisch" ist im Folgenden so zu verstehen, dass das Betätigungsglied Kräfte auf die Entriegelungseinrichtung und die Koppeleinrichtung überträgt. Beispielsweise ist es denkbar, dass zwischen dem Betätigungsglied und einer Entriegelungseinrichtung bzw. einer Koppeleinrichtung Festkörperkontakt besteht, also etwa das Betätigungsglied direkt an einer Entriegelungseinrichtung und/oder einer Koppeleinrichtung angreift oder zumindest mittelbar über ein oder mehrere formstabile Elemente eine Entriegelungseinrichtung und/oder eine Koppeleinrichtung mit Kräften beaufschlagt. Das Betätigungsglied des erfindungsgemäßen Verriegelungskopfes wirkt ferner sowohl in einer Betätigungsrichtung als auch in einer entgegengerichteten Rückstellrichtung auf die Entriegelungseinrichtung und die Koppeleinrichtung. Somit wird mit dem Betätigungsglied eine Art Zwangsführung für die Entriegelungseinrichtung und die Koppeleinrichtung bereitgestellt. Die Kulissenführungen weisen jeweils zumindest eine Kulisse und zumindest ein in der Kulisse geführtes Element auf. Die Kulissen erstrecken sich erfindungsgemäß alle in einer einzigen Ebene oder zumindest in parallel zueinander verlaufenden Ebenen. Es ist vorstellbar, dass zumindest eines der in den Kulissen geführten Elemente dem Betätigungsglied zugeordnet bzw. fest mit diesem verbunden ist. Bevorzugt wird allerdings eine Ausführungsform, bei der alle Kulissen dem Betätigungsglied zugeordnet, oder mit anderen Worten in dieses eingearbeitet sind. Die Relativbewegungen der Kulissen und der in ihnen geführten Elemente sind aufgrund der Parallelität der Kulissenebenen ebenfalls zueinander parallel.
Die Teleskopiereinrichtung kann beispielsweise einen hydraulischen Teleskopierzylinder aufweisen, um den Verriegelungskopf, im Speziellen an die Kolbenstange des Telekopierzylinders zu verfahren, allerdings sind hierfür auch beliebige andere für diese Funktion geeignete Mittel vorstellbar, beispielsweise elektrische, hydraulische oder pneumatische Antriebe, insbesondere Linearantriebe. Es können also auch elektrische, hydraulische oder pneumatische Motoren ebenso eingesetzt werden, wie pneumatische Zylinder.In other words, at least one unlocking device and at least one coupling device are mechanically actuated by means of one and the same actuating element of the locking head. The term "mechanical" is to be understood below that the actuator transmits forces to the unlocking device and the coupling device. For example, it is conceivable that there is solid contact between the actuating element and an unlocking device or a coupling device, ie, the actuating element acts directly on an unlocking device and / or a coupling device or at least indirectly via one or more dimensionally stable elements an unlocking device and / or a coupling device Forces applied. The actuator of the locking head according to the invention also acts both in an actuating direction and in an opposing return direction on the unlocking device and the coupling device. Thus, a kind of positive guidance for the unlocking device and the coupling device is provided with the actuator. The link guides each have at least one link and at least one guided in the backdrop element. The scenes extend according to the invention all in a single plane or at least in mutually parallel planes. It is conceivable that at least one of the guided in the scenes elements associated with the actuator or is firmly connected thereto. However, preference is given to an embodiment in which all scenes are assigned to the actuator, or in other words incorporated in this. The relative movements of the scenes and guided in them elements are also due to the parallelism of the backdrop levels also parallel to each other.
The telescoping device may, for example, have a hydraulic telescoping cylinder in order to move the locking head, in particular to the piston rod of the telecopying cylinder, but this is also the case any other suitable for this function means conceivable, for example, electric, hydraulic or pneumatic actuators, in particular linear actuators. So it can also be used as electric, hydraulic or pneumatic motors as well as pneumatic cylinders.

Vorzugsweise ist der Grundkörper des Verriegelungskopfes fest an die Teleskopiereinrichtung bzw. einen Teleskopierzylinder gekoppelt, der wiederum mit einer festen Basis wie etwa dem Grundschuss des Auslegers gekoppelt ist.Preferably, the main body of the locking head is fixedly coupled to the telescoping device or a Teleskopierzylinder, which in turn is coupled to a fixed base, such as the basic shot of the boom.

Das Betätigungsglied kann aus einem integral geformten Bauteil bestehen. Es ist jedoch ebenso möglich, dass das Betätigungsglied mehrere Teile umfasst, die fest miteinander verbunden sind und somit das Betätigungsglied bilden.The actuator may consist of an integrally molded component. However, it is also possible that the actuating member comprises a plurality of parts which are fixedly connected to each other and thus form the actuating member.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist das Betätigungsglied relativ zum Grundkörper des Verriegelungskopfes beweglich ausgestaltet, wobei insbesondere eine translatorische Bewegung bevorzugt wird. Es ist jedoch ebenso vorstellbar, dass das Betätigungsglied relativ zum Grundkörper des Verriegelungskopfes rotatorisch beweglich ausgestaltet ist, wobei ferner eine Kombination aus translatorischer und rotatorischer Bewegung, also eine Schwenkbewegung vorstellbar ist. So kann durch die Bewegung des Betätigungsglieds relativ zum Grundkörper des Verriegelungskopfes eine Betätigung der Entriegelungseinrichtung und der Koppeleinrichtung bewirkt werden.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the actuating member is designed to be movable relative to the main body of the locking head, wherein in particular a translational movement is preferred. However, it is also conceivable that the actuating member is designed to be rotationally movable relative to the main body of the locking head, wherein furthermore a combination of translational and rotational movement, ie a pivoting movement is conceivable. Thus, an actuation of the unlocking device and the coupling device can be effected by the movement of the actuating member relative to the main body of the locking head.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform umfasst die Entriegelungseinrichtung und/oder die Koppeleinrichtung zumindest ein relativ zum Grundkörper beweglich geführtes, insbesondere translatorisch beweglich geführtes Element, mittels dem das Betätigungsglied auf die Entriegelungseinrichtung bzw. die Koppeleinrichtung wirkt. Anders ausgedrückt weist der Grundkörper eine Führung für Elemente der Entriegelungseinrichtung und/oder der Koppeleinrichtung auf, wobei das Betätigungsglied mittelbar oder unmittelbar an diesen Elementen angreifen kann, um die Entriegelungseinrichtung und/oder die Koppeleinrichtung zu betätigen.According to a further preferred embodiment, the unlocking device and / or the coupling device comprises at least one movable relative to the base body, in particular translationally guided guided element, by means of which the actuating member acts on the unlocking device or the coupling device. In other words, the main body has a guide for elements of the unlocking device and / or the coupling device, wherein the actuating member can act directly or indirectly on these elements to actuate the unlocking device and / or the coupling device.

Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform soll das Betätigungsglied so ausgestaltet sein, dass die einzelnen Teleskopschüsse mittels der Entriegelungseinrichtung erst dann voneinander entriegelt werden können, wenn der jeweils innen liegende Teleskopschuss mittels der Koppeleinrichtung bereits fest an den Verriegelungskopf gekoppelt ist. Andererseits können die Teleskopschüsse erst dann vom Verriegelungskopf entkoppelt werden, wenn diese bereits mit dem jeweils außenliegenden Teleskopschuss verriegelt sind. Somit wird mittels eines einzigen Elements, nämlich dem Betätigungsglied sichergestellt, dass zu keinem Zeitpunkt ein Teleskopschuss weder mit einem davon außenliegenden Teleskopschuss verriegelt noch an den Verriegelungskopf gekoppelt ist und somit "ungesichert" ist.According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the actuator should be designed so that the individual telescopic shots can only be unlocked from each other by means of the unlocking when the respective inner telescopic section is already firmly coupled by means of the coupling device to the locking head. On the other hand, the telescopic shots can only be decoupled from the locking head when they are already locked to the respective outer telescopic section. Thus, it is ensured by means of a single element, namely the actuator, that at no time a telescopic section is locked neither with a telescopic outer shell nor coupled to the locking head and thus "unsecured" is.

Weiter bevorzugt kann das beweglich zum Grundkörper geführte Element der Entriegelungseinrichtung und/oder der Koppeleinrichtung in einer Richtung geführt werden, die quer, insbesondere senkrecht zur Bewegungsrichtung des Betätigungsglieds verläuft.More preferably, the movably guided to the main body element of the unlocking device and / or the coupling device can be guided in a direction which is transverse, in particular perpendicular to the direction of movement of the actuating member.

Auch kann die Entriegelungseinrichtung des Verriegelungskopfes ein um eine zum Grundkörper feste Lagerung angelenktes Element umfassen, das die Bewegung des beweglich geführten Elements der Entriegelungseinrichtung mit der Bewegung der Teleskopschuss-Verriegelung koppelt. Dieses angelenkte Element kann insbesondere ein Hebel sein, mit welchem die Bewegung des beweglich geführten Elements der Entriegelungseinrichtung in die der Teleskopschuss-Verriegelung überführt wird. Mit einem solchen Hebel ist es möglich, die Bewegungsrichtung des beweglich geführten Elements der Entriegelungseinrichtung und die sich davon unterscheidende Bewegungsrichtung der Teleskopschuss-Verriegelung, etwa eines translatorisch geführten Verriegelungsbolzens, zu koppeln. Ferner ist es möglich, mittels eines solchen Hebels eine Übersetzung zwischen der Bewegung des beweglich geführten Elements der Entriegelungseinrichtung und der Teleskopschuss-Verriegelung vorzusehen. Auch ist es vorstellbar, dass eine Entriegelungseinrichtung einen Hebelmechanismus mit mehreren angelenkten Elementen bzw. Hebeln umfasst, um die Bewegung des geführten Elements der Entriegelungseinrichtung mit der der Teleskopschuss-Verriegelung zu koppeln.Also, the unlocking of the locking head may comprise a hinged to the main body fixed support member which couples the movement of the movable guided element of the unlocking device with the movement of the telescopic weft lock. In particular, this articulated element can be a lever with which the movement of the movably guided element of the unlocking device is transferred into that of the telescopic-action lock. With such a lever, it is possible to couple the direction of movement of the movably guided element of the unlocking device and the direction of movement of the telescopic section lock, for example a translationally guided locking bolt, differing therefrom. Further, it is possible to provide by means of such a lever, a translation between the movement of the movable guided element of the unlocking device and the telescopic weft lock. It is also conceivable that an unlocking device comprises a lever mechanism with a plurality of hinged elements or levers in order to couple the movement of the guided element of the unlocking device with that of the telescopic-action lock.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist der Verriegelungskopf zwei in im Wesentlichen in entgegengesetzte Richtungen wirkende Entriegelungs- bzw. Koppeleinrichtungen auf. Mit anderen Worten können mit einem solchen Verriegelungskopf, im Querschnitt des Teleskops gesehen zwei im Wesentlichen gegenüberliegende Teleskopschuss-Verriegelungen mittels der Entriegelungseinrichtung ent- und verriegelt werden. Ebenso kann die Koppelung der Teleskopschüsse an den Verriegelungskopf an zwei gegenüberliegenden Stellen erfolgen. Ferner ist es vorstellbar, dass die Wirkrichtungen der Entriegelungs- und der Koppeleinrichtungen quer, insbesondere senkrecht zur Betätigungsrichtung des Betätigungsglieds verlaufen. Auch können diese im Wesentlichen zueinander parallel verlaufen. Im Speziellen können diese im eingebauten Zustand des Verriegelungskopfes im Wesentlichen horizontal verlaufen.According to a further preferred embodiment, the locking head has two unlocking or coupling devices acting in substantially opposite directions. In other words, with such a locking head, seen in cross-section of the telescope, two substantially opposite telescopic-shot locks can be unlocked and locked by means of the unlocking device. Likewise, the coupling of the telescopic sections to the locking head can be done at two opposite locations. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the effective directions of the unlocking and the coupling devices extend transversely, in particular perpendicular to the actuating direction of the actuating member. Also, these may be substantially parallel to each other. In particular, these may be substantially horizontal in the installed state of the locking head.

Die Rückstellbewegungen kann als die Bewegungen verstanden werden, in welcher die Koppeleinrichtung aus der Koppelung bzw. aus dem Eingriff des Verriegelungskopfes mit einem Teleskopschuss bewegt wird bzw. die Entriegelungseinrichtung die Teleskopschuss-Verriegelung in eine verriegelte Lage zwischen einzelnen Teleskopschüssen bewegt.The resetting movements can be understood as the movements in which the coupling device is moved out of the coupling or out of the engagement of the locking head with a telescopic weft or the unlocking device moves the telescopic weft locking into a locked position between individual telescopic sections.

Besonders bevorzugt wird eine Ausführungsform, bei welcher sowohl die Zwangsführung/Kulisse für die Entriegelungseinrichtung als auch die Zwangsführung/Kulisse für die Koppeleinrichtung in einem im Wesentlichen ebenen Abschnitt des Betätigungsglieds angeordnet sind, also sich im Wesentlichen in der gleichen Ebene erstrecken. Für vorteilhaft wird ebenfalls eine im Wesentlichen gleiche Erstreckung (Anfangs- bzw. Endpunkte dieser Kulissen auf einer im Wesentlichen gleichen Höhe entlang der Bewegungsrichtung des Betätigungselements) dieser Kulissen gehalten.Particularly preferred is an embodiment in which both the positive guide / link for the unlocking and the positive guide / link for the coupling device are arranged in a substantially planar portion of the actuator, so extend substantially in the same plane. For advantageous also a substantially same extent (start or end points of these scenes at a substantially same height along the direction of movement of the actuating element) of these scenes is held.

Um sicherzustellen, dass die einzelnen Teleskopschüsse zu jeder Zeit entweder mit einem weiteren Teleskopschuss verriegelt oder an den Verriegelungskopf gekoppelt sind, kann gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung das Betätigungsglied derart ausgestaltet sein, dass die Teleskopschuss-Verriegelung erst nach der Koppelung des betreffenden Teleskopschusses an den Verriegelungskopf bzw. die Teleskopiereinrichtung und die Koppelung erst nach der Verriegelung des betreffenden Teleskopschusses mit einem weiteren Teleskopschuss gelöst wird. Somit kann sichergestellt werden, dass jeder einzelne Teleskopschuss zu jedem Zeitpunkt entweder mit den übrigen Teleskopschüssen des Teleskops verriegelt oder an die Teleskopiereinrichtung gekoppelt ist. Letztendlich wird somit eine ungewollte selbstständige Bewegung einzelner Teleskopschüsse wirkungsvoll verhindert.In order to ensure that the individual telescoping shots are either locked to another telescopic shot at any time or coupled to the locking head, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention the actuating member be designed such that the telescopic shot locking is released only after the coupling of the respective telescopic section to the locking head or the telescoping device and the coupling after the locking of the respective telescopic section with another telescopic section. Thus, it can be ensured that each individual telescopic section is either locked at any time with the other telescopic shots of the telescope or coupled to the telescoping device. Ultimately, therefore, an unwanted autonomous movement of individual telescopic shots is effectively prevented.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung wird das Betätigungsglied relativ zum Grundkörper mittels eines Hydraulikzylinders bewegt. Es ist jedoch ebenso vorstellbar, beliebige andere und für diese Funktion geeignete Mittel vorzusehen, beispielsweise elektrische, hydraulische oder pneumatische Antriebe, insbesondere Linearantriebe. Es können also auch elektrische, hydraulische oder pneumatische Motoren ebenso eingesetzt werden, wie pneumatische Zylinder. Da das Betätigungsglied das einzige Element ist, das für die Betätigung der Koppeleinrichtung und der Verriegelungseinrichtung benötigt wird, ist/sind der oder die auf das Betätigungsglied wirkende/wirkenden Zylinder folglich die einzige Kraftquelle für die Verrieglung und die KoppelungAccording to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the actuating member is moved relative to the main body by means of a hydraulic cylinder. However, it is also conceivable to provide any other means suitable for this function, for example electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic drives, in particular linear drives. So it can also be used as electric, hydraulic or pneumatic motors as well as pneumatic cylinders. Since the actuator is the only element required for the actuation of the coupling device and the locking device, the cylinder (s) acting on the actuator (s) are consequently the only power source for the locking and coupling

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform kann ein doppeltwirkender Hydraulikzylinder vorgesehen sein, mittels dem das Betätigungsglied und somit die Entriegelungseinrichtung und die Koppeleinrichtung betätigt wird. Der doppeltwirkende Hydraulikzylinder kann zusammen mit dem Betätigungsglied derart ausgestaltet sein, dass bei einer Mittelstellung, also einer in etwa mittig zwischen den Maximalausschlägen liegenden Stellung des Kolbens im Hydraulikzylinder der Verriegelungskopf an den jeweils angefahrenen Teleskopschuss gekoppelt ist, während dieser Teleskopschuss zusätzlich mit dem nächstaußenliegenden Teleskopschuss verriegelt ist. Das Ein- oder Ausfahren des Hydraulikzylinders aus dieser Mittelstellung könnte dabei eine Entriegelung des angefahrenen Teleskopschusses vom nächstaußenliegenden Teleskopschuss bewirken, während das entgegengesetzte Aus- bzw. Einfahren (also die entgegengesetzte Bewegung des Hydraulikzylinders) ein Entkoppeln des angefahrenen Teleskopschusses vom Verriegelungskopf bewirken könnte. Um vom Zustand, in welchem der angefahrene Teleskopschuss mit dem nächstaußenliegenden Teleskopschuss verriegelt ist, in den Zustand, in welchem dieser Teleskopschuss an den Verriegelungskopf gekoppelt, allerdings nicht mehr mit einem weiteren Teleskopschuss verriegelt ist, überzugehen, muss ein voller Zylinderhub und somit auch der "doppelt gesicherte" Zustand (Verriegelung und Koppelung des Teleskopschusses) durchfahren werden. Zu keiner Zeit ist also der jeweilige Teleskopschuss gänzlich ungesichert, was wiederum durch die physische Ausgestaltung des Betätigungsglieds sichergestellt werden kann.According to a further preferred embodiment, a double-acting hydraulic cylinder can be provided, by means of which the actuating member and thus the unlocking device and the coupling device is actuated. The double-acting hydraulic cylinder can be configured together with the actuator such that at a middle position, ie a lying approximately midway between the maximum deflections position of the piston in the hydraulic cylinder, the locking head is coupled to the respective telescopic shot, while this telescopic shot additionally locked with the next outer telescopic section is. The retraction or extension of the hydraulic cylinder from this middle position could thereby cause an unlocking of the approached telescopic section from the next outer telescopic section, while the opposite extension or retraction (ie, the opposite movement of the hydraulic cylinder) could cause decoupling of the approached telescopic section from the locking head. In order to move from the state in which the telescope shot fired is locked to the next outer telescopic shot, in the state in which this telescope shot is coupled to the locking head, but no longer locked with another telescopic shot, a full cylinder stroke and thus the " Double locked "state (locking and coupling of the telescopic section) are passed. At any time, therefore, the respective telescopic section is completely unsecured, which in turn can be ensured by the physical design of the actuator.

Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform umfasst der Verriegelungskopf eine Rückstelleinrichtung, weiche das Betätigungsglied in eine Grundposition überführt. Dies kann eine Grundposition sein, in der die Entriegelungseinrichtung keine Verriegelung entriegelt und die Koppeleinrichtung keinen Teleskopschuss an den Verriegelungskopf bzw. die Teleskopiereinrichtung koppelt. Bevorzugt wird allerdings eine Grundposition, in welcher der jeweils angefahrene Teleskopschuss wie oben beschrieben "doppelt gesichert" ist.According to a further preferred embodiment, the locking head comprises a restoring device, which transfers the actuating member into a basic position. This can be a basic position in which the unlocking device unlocks no locking and the coupling device does not couple a telescopic section to the locking head or the telescoping device. However, preference is given to a basic position in which the respective telescopic section used is "double-secured" as described above.

Ein weiterer Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung betrifft einen Kran, insbesondere einen Mobilkran, mit einem zumindest zwei Teleskopschüsse umfassendes Teleskop, insbesondere ein Teleskop-Kranausleger und einen dem Teleskop zugeordneten Verriegelungskopf gemäß einer der oben beschriebenen Ausführungsformen.Another aspect of the present invention relates to a crane, in particular a mobile crane, with a telescope comprising at least two telescopic sections, in particular a telescopic crane boom and a locking head associated with the telescope according to one of the embodiments described above.

Die vorliegende Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Sie kann die im Folgenden offenbarten Merkmale einzeln sowie in jedweder sinnvollen Kombination umfassen. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
einen erfindungsgemäßen Verriegelungskopf in perspektivischer Ansicht,
Figur 2
Draufsicht auf den erfindungsgemäßen Verriegelungskopf,
Figur 3
den erfindungsgemäßen Verriegelungskopf in einer Ruhestellung (links) und in einer betätigten Stellung (rechts),
Figur 4
den erfindungsgemäßen Verriegelungskopf in eingebauter Lage innerhalb eines Teleskop-Kranauslegers in einer Ruhestellung (links) und in einer betätigten Stellung (rechts),
Figuren 5A-5C
eine schematische Darstellung einer alternativen Ausführungsform der Erfindung,
Figur 6
eine mit einer Rückstellvorrichtung versehenen doppeltwirkenden Hydraulikzylinder,
Figur 7
die alternative Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verriegelungskopfes in einer Ruhestellung (links) und in einer betätigten Stellung (rechts);
Figur 8
die alternative Ausführungsform in perspektivischer Ansicht,
Figur 9
die alternative Ausführungsform in einer Ruhestellung (links) und einer betätigten Stellung (rechts)
Figur 10
Draufsicht auf die alternative Ausführungsform.
The present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment. It may comprise the features disclosed below individually as well as in any meaningful combination. Show it:
FIG. 1
a locking head according to the invention in a perspective view,
FIG. 2
Top view of the locking head according to the invention,
FIG. 3
the locking head according to the invention in a rest position (left) and in an actuated position (right),
FIG. 4
the locking head according to the invention in an installed position within a telescopic crane jib in a rest position (left) and in an actuated position (right),
Figures 5A-5C
a schematic representation of an alternative embodiment of the invention,
FIG. 6
a double-acting hydraulic cylinder provided with a return device,
FIG. 7
the alternative embodiment of the locking head according to the invention in a rest position (left) and in an actuated position (right);
FIG. 8
the alternative embodiment in perspective view,
FIG. 9
the alternative embodiment in a rest position (left) and an actuated position (right)
FIG. 10
Top view of the alternative embodiment.

In der Figur 1 ist eine Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verriegelungskopfes 2 zu sehen, der mittels des Teleskopierzylinders 1 im Inneren eines Teleskopauslegers (nicht dargestellt) verfahren werden kann. Der Verriegelungskopf 2 befindet sich an einem Ende des Teleskopierzylinders 1 und ist mit diesem fest verbunden. Der Grundkörper 3 bildet die zentrale Struktur des Verriegelungskopfes 2 und nimmt im Wesentlichen alle weiteren Elemente des Verriegelungskopfes 2 auf oder lagert diese.In the FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the locking head 2 according to the invention, which can be moved by means of the telescoping cylinder 1 inside a telescopic boom (not shown). The locking head 2 is located at one end of the telescoping cylinder 1 and is firmly connected thereto. The main body 3 forms the central structure of the locking head 2 and receives substantially all other elements of the locking head 2 or stores them.

Zu beiden Seiten des Verriegelungskopfes 2 sind Führungen für Bolzen 5d der Koppeleinrichtungen 5 vorgesehen, wobei die Bewegungsrichtung der Bolzen 5d senkrecht zur Bewegungsrichtung des Verriegelungskopfes 2 verläuft. Mittels dieser Bolzen 5d wird der Verriegelungskopf 2 mit einem aus- oder einzufahrenden Teleskopschuss gekoppelt, indem die Verriegelungsbolzen 5d in korrespondierende Aufnahmen am Teleskopschuss eingreifen.On both sides of the locking head 2 guides for bolts 5 d of the coupling devices 5 are provided, wherein the direction of movement of the bolt 5 d is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the locking head 2. By means of these bolts 5d, the locking head 2 is coupled with a telescopic weft to be retracted or retracted by the locking bolts 5d engaging in corresponding receptacles on the telescopic weft.

Ferner weist der Verriegelungskopf 2 zwei, in eingebauter Lage des Verriegelungskopfes 2 oben angeordnete Entriegelungseinrichtungen 4 auf, die jeweils zwei Hebel 4b umfassen, die um eine am Grundkörper 3 angeordnete Drehlagerung beweglich sind. Die Hebel 4b der Entriegelungseinrichtungen 4 werden an ihren dem Grundkörper 3 abgewandten Enden mittels nicht weiter bezeichneter Angriffsabschnitte verbunden, die in entsprechende Aufnahmen einer Teleskopschuss-Verriegelung eingreifen können.Further, the locking head 2, two in the installed position of the locking head 2 above unlocking means 4, each comprising two levers 4b, which are movable about a arranged on the base body 3 pivot bearing. The levers 4b of the unlocking devices 4 are connected at their ends facing away from the base body 3 by means of not further designated attack sections which can engage in corresponding receptacles of a telescopic-shot lock.

Der Verriegelungskopf 2 umfasst ferner ein Betätigungsglied 6, welches parallel zur Bewegungsrichtung des Verriegelungskopfes 2 und relativ zum Grundkörper 3 verfahren werden kann. Hierfür ist ein neben dem Teleskopierzylinder 1 angeordneter und dem Verriegelungskopf 2 zugeordneter Hydraulikzylinder 7 vorgesehen, der beim Ausfahren das Betätigungsglied 6 nach vorne (in der Figur 1 nach unten links) bewegt. Um das Betätigungsglied 6 in der entgegengesetzten Richtung zu bewegen, sind weiterhin Zugfedern 8 vorgesehen, die das Betätigungsglied 6 wieder in eine Grundposition überführen oder den Zylinder 7 hierbei zumindest unterstützen.The locking head 2 further comprises an actuating member 6, which can be moved parallel to the direction of movement of the locking head 2 and relative to the base body 3. For this purpose, a arranged next to the telescoping cylinder 1 and the locking head 2 associated hydraulic cylinder 7 is provided, which upon extension, the actuator 6 forward (in the FIG. 1 down to the left). In order to move the actuator 6 in the opposite direction, tension springs 8 are further provided, which convert the actuator 6 back into a basic position or the cylinder 7 at least support this.

Es ist ferner zu erkennen, dass das Betätigungsglied 6 sowohl für die Koppel- als auch für die Entriegelungseinrichtungen eine Zwangsführung bzw. eine Kulissenführung 4c, 5c aufweist, in die entsprechende Elemente 4a, 5a der Entriegelungseinrichtungen 4 bzw. der Koppeleinrichtungen 5 eingreifen. Als vorteilhaft ist hier insbesondere anzusehen, dass die Elemente 4a und 5a von verschiedenen Seiten in die Kulissenführungen 4c, 5c des Betätigungsglieds 6 eingreifen, da auf diese Weise das Betätigungsglied 6 platzsparend zwischen dem Verriegelungsmechanismus und dem Kopplungsmechanismus angeordnet werden kann. Somit muss weder die Entriegelungseinrichtung noch die Koppeleinrichtung durch die jeweils andere hindurch bzw. an dieser vorbei am Betätigungsglied 6 angreifen. Die Bewegung des Betätigungsglieds 6 entlang der Längsachse des Auslegers trägt ebenfalls zu dieser platzsparenden Lösung bei, wie die flache, horizontal verlaufende Ausrichtung des Betätigungsglieds 6.It can also be seen that the actuating member 6 has a forced guidance or a sliding guide 4c, 5c for both the coupling and the unlocking devices, in which corresponding elements 4a, 5a of the unlocking devices 4 or the coupling devices 5 engage. It is to be regarded as particularly advantageous here that the elements 4a and 5a engage from different sides into the sliding guides 4c, 5c of the actuating member 6, since in this way the actuating member 6 can be arranged in a space-saving manner between the locking mechanism and the coupling mechanism. Thus, neither the unlocking device nor the coupling device must engage through the respective other or past the actuating member 6. The movement of the actuator 6 along the longitudinal axis of the cantilever also contributes to this space saving solution, such as the flat, horizontal orientation of the actuator 6.

Man kann sich leicht vorstellen, dass bei einer Bewegung des Betätigungsglieds 6 relativ zum Grundkörper 3 nach "vorne" (in der Figur 1 nach unten links) die in die Kulissen 4c, 5c eingreifenden Elemente 4a, 5a quer zur Bewegungsrichtung des Betätigungsglieds 6 bewegt werden, da die übrigen Elemente der Entriegelungseinrichtungen 4 und der Koppeleinrichtungen 5 fest am Grundkörper 3 des Verriegelungskopfes 2 geführt werden, so dass eine Bewegung dieser Elemente relativ zum Grundkörper 3 in der Bewegungsrichtung des Betätigungsglieds 6 nicht möglich ist.It is easy to imagine that when the actuator 6 moves relative to the base body 3 "forward" (in FIG FIG. 1 down to the left) the engaging in the scenes 4c, 5c elements 4a, 5a are moved transversely to the direction of movement of the actuator 6, since the remaining elements of the unlocking 4 and the coupling devices 5 are fixed to the base body 3 of the locking head 2, so that movement these elements relative to the base body 3 in the direction of movement of the actuator 6 is not possible.

In der Figur 2 ist die Kulissenführung 4c, 5c des Betätigungsglieds zu erkennen. Es ist ferner zu erkennen, dass mittels der Kulissenführungen 5c die Bolzen 5d der Koppeleinrichtungen 5 radial nach außen, also aus dem Grundkörper 3 heraus bewegt werden, sobald das Betätigungsglied 6 aus seiner Grundposition heraus in der Figur 2 nach links bewegt wird. Somit findet mittels der Koppeleinrichtungen 5 unmittelbar nach Betätigung des Betätigungsglieds 6 die Koppelung des Verriegelungskopfes 2 an einem umliegenden Teleskopschuss statt. Die Elemente 5a sind direkt mit dem Bolzen 5d gekoppelt, so dass die Bolzen 5d nach außen verfahren werden, sobald die Elemente 5a mittels der Kulissenführung 5c nach außen verschoben werden. Die umgekehrte Betätigung erfolgt entsprechend. Ferner ist zu erkennen, dass die Führungen 4c und 5c "ineinander geschachtelt" sind, ihre weiter außen liegenden Abschnitte also am gleichen Ende des Betätigungsglieds 6 (in der Figur 2 auf der rechten Seite) aufweisen, ebenso wie ihre weiter innen liegenden Abschnitte (in der Figur 2 links). Somit baut die doppelte Kulissenführung 4c, 5c sehr kompakt, da die Kulissen nah nebeneinander angeordnet werden können. Unabhängig hiervon trägt hierzu auch bei, dass die Kulissenführungen 4c, 5c horizontal verlaufen, also eine Betätigung der darin eingreifenden Elemente entlang einer horizontalen Richtung bewirken.In the FIG. 2 is the slide guide 4c, 5c of the actuator to recognize. It can also be seen that by means of the slotted guides 5c, the bolts 5d of the coupling devices 5 are moved radially outwards, ie out of the main body 3, as soon as the actuator 6 moves out of its basic position in the FIG. 2 is moved to the left. Thus, by means of the coupling devices 5 immediately after actuation of the actuator 6, the coupling of the locking head 2 takes place at a surrounding telescopic section. The elements 5a are coupled directly to the bolt 5d, so that the bolts 5d are moved outwards as soon as the elements 5a are displaced outwards by means of the slotted guide 5c. The reverse operation is carried out accordingly. Furthermore, it can be seen that the guides 4c and 5c are "nested" in one another, so their more outer sections so at the same end of the actuator 6 (in the FIG. 2 on the right side), as well as their further inner sections (in the FIG. 2 Left). Thus, the double slide guide 4c, 5c builds very compact, since the scenes can be arranged close to each other. Irrespective thereof, this also contributes to the fact that the slotted guides 4c, 5c extend horizontally, thus effecting an actuation of the elements engaging therein along a horizontal direction.

Bei weiterer Bewegung des Betätigungsglieds 6 nach links stoppt die Betätigung der Koppeleinrichtungen 5, da sich der Abstand der entsprechenden Kulissenführungen 5c nicht mehr ändert und die Führungen 5c stattdessen parallel zur Bewegungsrichtung des Betätigungsglieds 6 verlaufen. Nach dem Ende der Betätigung der Koppeleinrichtungen 5 werden die Entriegelungseinrichtungen 4 betätigt, und zwar mittels der in die Kulissenführungen 4c eingreifenden und beweglich geführten Elemente 4a. Bis zu diesem Zeitpunkt verbleiben die Entriegelungseinrichtungen 4 in ihrer Grundstellung, da sich die Kulissenführung 4c parallel zur Bewegungsrichtung des Betätigungsglieds 6 erstreckten. Nachdem sich der Verlauf der Kulissenführungen 4c jedoch ändert, deren Abstand also zunimmt, werden die Elemente 4a entsprechend nach außen bewegt, wobei die Bewegung der Elemente 4a nach außen mittels der Hebel 4b in eine im Wesentlichen entgegengerichtete Bewegung der nicht bezeichneten Angriffsabschnitte gewandelt wird. Die Angriffsabschnitte, die mittels dem Verriegelungskopf 2 vor dem Betätigen des Betätigungsglieds 6 in eine Position verfahren wurden, in welcher sie im Eingriff mit entsprechenden Aufnahmen von Teleskopschuss-Verriegelungsbolzen eingreifen, werden demzufolge zu vertikalen Mittelebene des Verriegelungskopfes 2 hin bewegt und "ziehen" somit die Teleskopschuss-Verriegelungsbolzen aus ihren Aufnahmen im jeweils äußeren Teleskopschuss.Upon further movement of the actuator 6 to the left stops the operation of the coupling devices 5, since the distance between the corresponding slotted guides 5c no longer changes and the guides 5c instead parallel to Moving direction of the actuator 6 run. After the end of the actuation of the coupling devices 5, the unlocking means 4 are actuated, by means of the engaging in the slide guides 4c and movably guided elements 4a. Until this time, the unlocking 4 remain in their normal position, since the slide guide 4c parallel to the direction of movement of the actuator 6 extended. However, since the course of the slide guides 4c changes, the distance between them thus increasing, the elements 4a are correspondingly moved outwards, wherein the movement of the elements 4a outwardly by means of the lever 4b is converted into a substantially oppositely directed movement of the non-designated attack sections. The engaging portions which have been moved by means of the locking head 2 prior to actuation of the actuator 6 in a position in which they engage with corresponding receptacles of telescopic wrench locking bolt are thus moved to the vertical center plane of the locking head 2 and thus "pull" the Telescopic weft locking bolt from their shots in each outer telescopic section.

Nach dem Koppeln des Verriegelungskopfes 2 an den zu teleskopierenden Teleskopschuss und dem Lösen der entsprechenden Teleskopschuss-Verriegelung kann der Teleskopschuss mit Hilfe des Tefeskopier-zylinders 1 aus- bzw. eingefahren werden. Nachdem die gewünschte Position des Teleskopschusses erreicht ist, beginnt die umgekehrte Betätigung des Betätigungsglieds 6 mittels des Hydraulikzylinders 7 und/oder mittels der Zugfedern 8:After coupling of the locking head 2 to the telescopic section to be telescoped and the release of the corresponding telescopic section locking the telescopic section with the help of Tefeskopier cylinder 1 off or retracted. After the desired position of the telescopic section is reached, the reverse operation of the actuator 6 by means of the hydraulic cylinder 7 and / or by means of the tension springs 8 begins:

Zuerst werden, da die geführten Elemente 4a der Entriegelungseinrichtungen 4 wieder zur horizontalen Mittelebene des Verriegelungskopfes 2 bewegt werden, die Angriffsabschnitte zusammen mit den Bolzen der Teleskopschuss-Verriegelung nach außen bewegt und somit eine Verriegelung des zunächst noch an dem Verriegelungskopf 2 gekoppelten Teleskopschuss erzielt. Erst nach der Betätigung der Entriegelungseinrichtung und dem weiteren Bewegen des Betätigungsglieds 6 nach rechts werden auch wieder die Bolzen 5d der Koppeleinrichtungen 5 in den Grundkörper 3 des Verriegelungskopfes 2 zurückgezogen und der Teleskopschuss somit vom Verriegelungskopf 2 entkoppelt.First, since the guided elements 4a of the unlocking devices 4 are again moved to the horizontal center plane of the locking head 2, the engagement sections are moved outwards together with the bolts of the telescopic weft lock, thus achieving a locking of the telescopic weft initially still coupled to the locking head 2. Only after the operation of the unlocking and the further movement of the actuator 6 to the right again the bolt 5d of the coupling devices 5 in the Retracted body 3 of the locking head 2 and the telescopic section thus decoupled from the locking head 2.

In den Figuren 5A bis 5C ist eine alternative Ausgestaltungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verriegelungskopfes in verschiedenen Stellungen schematisch dargestellt. In der Figur 5A ist zu sehen, dass sich der Hydraulikzylinder 7 und somit auch das Betätigungsglied 6 in einer Mittelstellung befinden, also eine Betätigung sowohl in die eine als auch in die andere Richtung möglich ist. In dieser Mittelstellung ist der Verriegelungskopf sowohl an den innersten Teleskopschuss über die Koppeleinrichtung 5 gekoppelt, während dieser Teleskopschuss auch mit dem nächstaußenliegenden Teleskopschuss verriegelt ist. Die in der Figur 5A gezeigte Stellung wird erst erreicht, wenn der Hydraulikzylinder 7 von dem in der Figur 5B gezeigten Maximalausschlag, bei dem der Verriegelungskopf noch nicht mit dem Teleskopschuss gekoppelt ist und somit innerhalb des Auslegers verfahren werden kann, in die Mittelstellung gebracht wird. Wenn der Hydraulikzylinder 7 über diese Mittelstellung hinaus weiter in den anderen Maximalausschlag verfahren wird, werden die beiden Teleskopschüsse mittels der Entriegelungseinrichtung 4 voneinander entriegelt, während der innenliegende Teleskopschuss noch immer an den Verriegelungskopf gekoppelt ist. In dieser Stellung kann der Teleskopschuss letztendlich mittels des Teleskopierzylinders verfahren werden. Die schematisch mittels zweier Federn 8 dargestellte Rückstelleinrichtung ist stets bestrebt, den Hydraulikzylinder 7 und somit auch das Betätigungsglied in die Mittelstellung zu verbringen, so dass der jeweils angefahrene Teleskopschuss durch sowohl den nächst außenliegenden Teleskopschuss als auch den Verriegelungskopf gesichert ist.In the FIGS. 5A to 5C an alternative embodiment of the locking head according to the invention in different positions is shown schematically. In the FIG. 5A It can be seen that the hydraulic cylinder 7 and thus also the actuating member 6 are in a middle position, ie an actuation in both the one and in the other direction is possible. In this middle position, the locking head is coupled both to the innermost telescopic section via the coupling device 5, while this telescopic section is also locked to the next outer telescopic section. The in the FIG. 5A shown position is reached only when the hydraulic cylinder 7 of the in the FIG. 5B shown maximum deflection, in which the locking head is not yet coupled to the telescopic section and thus can be moved within the boom, is brought into the center position. If the hydraulic cylinder 7 is moved further beyond this middle position into the other maximum deflection, the two telescopic sections are unlocked from each other by means of the unlocking device 4, while the inner telescopic section is still coupled to the locking head. In this position, the telescopic section can ultimately be moved by means of the telescoping cylinder. The restoring device shown schematically by means of two springs 8 always strives to spend the hydraulic cylinder 7 and thus also the actuating member in the center position, so that the respective telescopic shot is secured by both the next outer telescopic section and the locking head.

In der Figur 6 ist ein doppelt wirkender Hydraulikzylinder 7 zu sehen, der über die Hydraulikfluid-Zuführungen 7b und 7c gespeist wird. Die Rückstelleinrichtung in Form einer Feder 8 ist zwischen zwei Federtellern 8a und 8b angeordnet und bringt die Kolbenstange stets in eine Mittelstellung, von der aus der Hydraulikzylinder 7 eingefahren (Beaufschlagung der Ringkammer mit Hydraulikfluid durch die Zuführung 7c) als auch ausgefahren (Beaufschlagung der Ringkammer durch die Zuführung 7b) werden kann.In the FIG. 6 there is seen a double acting hydraulic cylinder 7 fed by the hydraulic fluid feeds 7b and 7c. The restoring device in the form of a spring 8 is arranged between two spring plates 8a and 8b and always brings the piston rod into a central position, from which the hydraulic cylinder 7 retracts (pressurization of the annular chamber with hydraulic fluid through the Feeder 7c) and extended (admission of the annular chamber through the supply 7b) can be.

In der Figur 7 ist eine alternative Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verriegelungskopfes in verschiedenen Betätigungsstellungen gezeigt, die den in der Figur 4 gezeigten Stellungen der ersten Ausführungsform entsprechen. So zeigt die linke Figur das Teleskop in einer verbolzten und gesicherten Konfiguration, während die mittlere Figur das Teleskop verbolzt und entsichert und die rechte Figur das Teleskop entbolzt und gesichert zeigt.In the FIG. 7 an alternative embodiment of the locking head according to the invention is shown in different operating positions, the in the FIG. 4 shown positions correspond to the first embodiment. Thus, the left figure shows the telescope in a bolted and secured configuration, while the middle figure bolted and unlocked the telescope and the right figure, the telescope bolted and secured shows.

In der Figur 8 ist eine perspektivische Ansicht der alternativen Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verriegelungskopfes gezeigt. Diese Ausführungsform entspricht im Wesentlichen der in der Figur 1 gezeigten, allerdings mit einem doppelt wirkenden Hydraulikzylinder anstelle des einfach wirkenden Hydraulikzylinders in der Figur 1. Wie zu sehen ist, umfasst der doppelt wirkende Hydraulikzylinder 7 auch die Rückstelleinrichtung 8, die hier als eine zum Hydraulikzylinder 7 konzentrische Feder 8 ausgestaltet ist. Die Figuren 9 und 10 entsprechen dabei im Wesentlichen den Figuren 3 und 2 und zeigen die alternative Ausführungsform mit einem doppelt wirkenden Hydraulikzylinder.In the FIG. 8 is shown a perspective view of the alternative embodiment of the locking head according to the invention. This embodiment substantially corresponds to that in the FIG. 1 shown, but with a double-acting hydraulic cylinder instead of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder in the FIG. 1 , As can be seen, the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 7 also comprises the return device 8, which is designed here as a spring 8 concentric with the hydraulic cylinder 7. The FIGS. 9 and 10 essentially correspond to the FIGS. 3 and 2 and show the alternative embodiment with a double acting hydraulic cylinder.

Claims (14)

  1. Locking head which is designed to be movable, by means a telescopic device (1), within and along the longitudinal axis of a telescope comprising at least two telescope portions, having a main body (3), at least one unlocking device (4) designed for unlocking a locking of the telescope portion, and at least one coupling device (5) designed for coupling a telescope portion to the telescopic device (1), the locking head (2) having an actuator (6) which acts mechanically on the unlocking device (4) and the coupling device (5) in order to actuate the unlocking device (4) and the coupling device (5) and has a first slotted guide (4c) for the unlocking device (4) and a second slotted guide (5c) for the coupling device, the slots for the first and the second slotted guide (4c, 5c) extending the same plane or in parallel planes, characterised in that the first slotted guide (4c) and the second slotted guide (5c) form a restraint which acts on the unlocking device (4) and/or the coupling device (5) in an actuation direction and in an opposing reset direction.
  2. Locking head according to claim 1, wherein the actuator (6) is designed to be movable relative to the main body (3), in particular in a translational manner.
  3. Locking head according to either claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the unlocking device (4) and/or the coupling device (5) comprise/comprises at least one element (4a, 5a) which can be movably guided relative to the main body (3), in particular movably guided in translation, and by means of which the actuator (6) acts on the unlocking element (4) and/or the coupling device (5).
  4. Locking head according to claim 3, wherein the element (4a, 5a) is guided in a direction which runs transversely to, in particular perpendicularly to, the translational movement direction of the actuator (6).
  5. Locking head according to either claim 3 or claim 4, wherein the unlocking device (4) comprises an element (4b) articulated about a bearing that is fixed to the main body (3), which element couples the movement of the movably guided element (4a) of the unlocking element (4) to the movement of the locking of the telescope portion.
  6. Locking head according to any of claims 1 to 5, comprising two unlocking (4) and/or coupling (5) devices which act substantially in opposite directions, in particular wherein the directions of action of the unlocking (4) and/or coupling (5) devices extend substantially in parallel, and specifically substantially horizontally in the assembled state of the locking head.
  7. Locking head according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein the actuator (6), in particular the restraints (4c) and (5c), is designed such that the locking of the telescope portion is released only after the telescope portion in question has been coupled to the telescopic device (1), and the coupling is released only after the telescope portion in question has been coupled to another telescope portion.
  8. Locking head according to any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the actuator (6) is moved relative to the main body (3) by means of a hydraulic cylinder (7).
  9. Locking head according to claim 8, wherein the hydraulic cylinder (7) is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder (7).
  10. Locking head according to any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the actuator (6) has a home position, in particular in which the double-acting hydraulic cylinder (7) is in a central position and/or the unlocking device (4) is in a locking position and the coupling device (5) is in a coupling position.
  11. Locking head according to claim 10, further comprising one reset device (8) which attempts to move the actuator (6) into the home position.
  12. Locking head according to claim 11, wherein the reset device (8) is formed by at least one spring.
  13. Crane, in particular a mobile crane, comprising a telescope having at least two telescope portions, in particular a telescopic crane jib, and a locking head according to any of claims 1 to 12 that is assigned to the telescope.
  14. Use of a locking head according to any of claims 1 to 12 for actuating a locking process between a crane jib telescope portion which is to be moved and the next outermost telescope portion, and for coupling the telescope portion to be moved to a telescopic cylinder.
EP13179854.8A 2013-08-09 2013-08-09 Mechanical locking head Active EP2835336B1 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13179854.8A EP2835336B1 (en) 2013-08-09 2013-08-09 Mechanical locking head
ES13179854.8T ES2667327T3 (en) 2013-08-09 2013-08-09 Mechanical locking head
JP2014148702A JP6192612B2 (en) 2013-08-09 2014-07-22 Mechanical lock head
CA2857468A CA2857468A1 (en) 2013-08-09 2014-07-22 Mechanical locking head
BR102014018694A BR102014018694A2 (en) 2013-08-09 2014-07-29 locking head and crane
CN201410389247.7A CN104340883B (en) 2013-08-09 2014-08-08 Mechanical caging head
US14/455,688 US10322915B2 (en) 2013-08-09 2014-08-08 Mechanical locking head

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP13179854.8A EP2835336B1 (en) 2013-08-09 2013-08-09 Mechanical locking head

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EP2835336A1 EP2835336A1 (en) 2015-02-11
EP2835336B1 true EP2835336B1 (en) 2018-02-28

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EP13179854.8A Active EP2835336B1 (en) 2013-08-09 2013-08-09 Mechanical locking head

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US (1) US10322915B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2835336B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6192612B2 (en)
CN (1) CN104340883B (en)
BR (1) BR102014018694A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2857468A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2667327T3 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20150041422A1 (en) 2015-02-12
ES2667327T3 (en) 2018-05-10
US10322915B2 (en) 2019-06-18
JP2015036344A (en) 2015-02-23
JP6192612B2 (en) 2017-09-06
EP2835336A1 (en) 2015-02-11
CN104340883A (en) 2015-02-11
BR102014018694A2 (en) 2015-09-29
CN104340883B (en) 2017-12-15
CA2857468A1 (en) 2015-02-09

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