EP2827973A1 - Procédé de détermination de la quantité d'ammoniac stockée dans un catalyseur, et système correspondant - Google Patents
Procédé de détermination de la quantité d'ammoniac stockée dans un catalyseur, et système correspondantInfo
- Publication number
- EP2827973A1 EP2827973A1 EP13703109.2A EP13703109A EP2827973A1 EP 2827973 A1 EP2827973 A1 EP 2827973A1 EP 13703109 A EP13703109 A EP 13703109A EP 2827973 A1 EP2827973 A1 EP 2827973A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- ammonia
- model
- nitrogen oxides
- flow rates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/30—Controlling by gas-analysis apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2062—Ammonia
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
- F01N2560/021—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting ammonia NH3
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
- F01N2560/026—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting NOx
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/0601—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing being estimated
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
- F01N2900/1402—Exhaust gas composition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
- F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
- F01N2900/1622—Catalyst reducing agent absorption capacity or consumption amount
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N9/005—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus using models instead of sensors to determine operating characteristics of exhaust systems, e.g. calculating catalyst temperature instead of measuring it directly
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a system for the treatment of exhaust gases, in particular a catalyst capable of treating nitrogen oxides (NOx), especially NO and N0 2 . More specifically, the invention relates to a method for determining the amount of ammonia stored in the catalyst.
- NOx nitrogen oxides
- the selective catalytic reduction process (English: selective catalytic reduction S CR) is a known process for the treatment of NOx nitrogen oxides.
- the process consists of continuous treatment of nitrogen oxide emissions by means of a catalyst in the exhaust line of the engine and a reducing agent injected into the exhaust line.
- the reducing agent for example urea, is stored in a tank, in the vehicle, and is injected and mixed with the exhaust gas before entering the catalyst.
- the catalyst accelerates the reduction reaction of the nitrogen oxides by the reducing agent.
- the amount of reducing agent injected into the exhaust line as well as the amount of reducing agent stored in the catalyst must be precisely controlled: an overdose of the The reducing agent would lead to an increase in consumption unnecessarily and potentially to the release of ammonia (highly odorous and toxic), while underdosing would limit the treatment efficiency of the nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas.
- the reduction catalyst stores the ammonia of the reducing agent and releases it to reduce oxides. nitrogen contained in the exhaust gas.
- the mass also called "buffer”
- this mass is not measurable in real time, and must therefore be estimated by a model.
- models for evaluating the mass of ammonia stored in the catalyst but the estimate obtained derives with respect to the real value, which leads to an over-injection or an under-injection of the reducing agent. .
- the present invention aims to solve the technical problems mentioned above.
- the invention aims to provide a more accurate estimate of the amount of ammonia stored in the catalyst, to allow a better NOx treatment efficiency or to detect a failure of the catalyst or the injector. reducing agent.
- a method for determining the amount of ammonia stored in a nitrogen oxide reduction catalyst for mounting in an exhaust line of an internal combustion engine According to the method, the flow rates of nitrogen oxides and of ammonia feeding the catalyst are determined, and it is estimated, from said flow rates and a specific model, the quantity of ammonia stored in the catalyst.
- the method makes it possible to correct the estimated quantity of ammonia stored as a function of the sensitivity of the sensor (used to correct the estimated quantity) to the quantity of ammonia stored. It thus becomes possible to obtain a more precise estimate of the quantity of ammonia stored, in particular over long operating periods, when the measurement of the sensor depends more and more on the level of ammonia stored in the catalyst.
- the correction of the model as a function of the sensitivity of the measurement of the overall flow rate of nitrogen oxides and ammonia relative to the quantity of ammonia stored in a catalyst is non-linear.
- the correction is thus carried out only when the sensitivity of the measurement of the overall flow rate of nitrogen oxides and ammonia with respect to the quantity of ammonia stored in a catalyst exceeds, in absolute value, a determined value.
- the invention also relates, in another aspect, to a method of controlling an exhaust gas treatment system, the treatment system comprising a nitrogen oxide reduction catalyst mounted in an exhaust line of an internal combustion engine, wherein:
- the quantity of ammonia stored in the catalyst is determined according to the process described above, and then
- the invention also relates, in another aspect, to an exhaust gas treatment system emitted by an internal combustion engine, comprising a nitrogen oxide reduction catalyst mounted in the exhaust line of the engine, a means for control device and a device for determining the amount of ammonia stored in a nitrogen oxide reduction catalyst, the device comprising a means for determining the flow rates of nitrogen oxides and ammonia feeding the catalyst, and a estimation means capable of estimating, from said flow rates and a given model, the quantity of ammonia stored in the catalyst.
- the estimation means is also able to estimate, from said flow rates and the determined model, the flow rates of nitrogen oxides and ammonia leaving the catalyst
- the device also comprises a sensor mounted in downstream of the catalyst and able to measure the overall flow rate of nitrogen oxides and ammonia leaving the catalyst, and a correction means adapted to correct the determined model as a function of the difference between the measured overall flow rate and the flow rates of the catalyst.
- the correction means being able to correct the model as a function of the sensitivity of the measurement of the overall flow of nitrogen oxides and ammonia compared with the amount of ammonia stored in the catalyst.
- the correction means is able to correct the model in a non-linear manner as a function of the sensitivity.
- the treatment system may also comprise an ammonia injection means in the exhaust line, upstream of the catalyst, controlled by the control means and capable of injecting an ammonia flow rate determined by the control means according to the amount of ammonia stored in the catalyst.
- Figure 1 shows, schematically, an exhaust after-treatment system according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 represents a block diagram illustrating the architecture of a means for determining the quantity of ammonia stored in a reduction catalyst.
- FIG. 1 very schematically shows the general structure of an internal combustion engine 1 and an aftertreatment system of the exhaust gases 2.
- the internal combustion engine 1 comprises, by for example, at least one cylinder 3, an intake manifold 4, an exhaust manifold 5, an exhaust gas recirculation circuit 6 provided with an exhaust gas recirculation valve 7, and a turbo compression system 8.
- the exhaust after-treatment system 2 comprises an exhaust line 9 comprising an injector 10 of a reducing agent, for example urea, and a reduction catalyst 11 (in English: Selective Catalytic Reduction). SCR) mounted downstream of the injector 10.
- the exhaust line 9 may also comprise a mixing means mounted between the injector 10 and the reduction catalyst 11, and for homogenizing the mixture constituted by the exhaust gas and the reducing agent.
- the system 2 also comprises a temperature sensor 12 mounted upstream of the reduction catalyst 11 and making it possible to know the temperature of the gases supplying the catalyst 11 during the various phases of treatment of the exhaust gases.
- the system 2 can also comprise a NOx sensor 13, mounted downstream of the catalyst 11. The sensor 13 makes it possible in particular to measure the flow of nitrogen oxides and ammonia leaving the catalyst 11 in operation.
- An electronic control unit 14 processes the various signals and controls the combustion, in particular by sending set values to the cylinder fuel injector. 3 and controlling a device, for example with a valve, controlling the quantity of air supplying the cylinder 3.
- the electronic control unit 14 may also control the reducing agent injector 10 to introduce into the exhaust line 9 the desired amount of reducing agent.
- the electronic control unit 14 also comprises means for determining the quantity of ammonia stored in a reduction catalyst 11.
- the determination means 15 receives several data inputs, including the data of the temperature sensor 12 and the sensor. NOx 13, and allows the electronic control unit 14 to know the amount of ammonia stored in the catalyst 11 to determine the amount of reducing agent to be introduced into the exhaust line 9.
- the determining means 15 may comprise an estimating means 16 receiving as input: the temperature T values of the gases measured by the sensor 12, the X TM H ⁇ and ⁇ 0 ⁇ rates of ammonia and nitrogen oxides respectively, supplying the reduction catalyst 11 and the exhaust gas flow rates Qch feeding the catalyst.
- the estimation means 16 calculates, from a dynamic model based on the ammonia adsorption and desorption reaction mechanisms on the catalyst, reduction of the nitrogen oxides by the adsorbed ammonia and oxidation of ammonia, the levels ⁇ and X TM o x of ammonia and nitrogen oxides respectively, leaving the reduction catalyst 11 and ammonia niNH3 mass stored in the catalyst 11.
- the model can include use the following equation system:
- the model used makes it possible to correct a drift of the estimate of the mass of ammonia stored in the catalyst.
- the measurement of the sensor 13 can be written in the following form:
- a and ⁇ may be constant or dependent on quantities such as temperature or flow rate.
- the model of the means 16 is then corrected by the following adaptive model:
- the magnitude ⁇ is the value of the correction loop of the adaptive model.
- the magnitude ⁇ is thus reintroduced at the input of the model to correct the values obtained.
- the magnitude ⁇ is given by the following equation:
- K is the gain of the observer
- the determining means 15 includes a gap determining means 17, receiving as input the rates o o x and
- the determination means 15 also includes one means 1 8 receiving as input the S value calculated by the estimation means 16 and outputting the coefficient K. S to be multiplied away by the means 17 to obtain the magnitude ⁇ .
- the means 17 and 18, as well as the multiplying means thus form a correction means 19 for the model of the estimation means 16.
- the determination means 15 makes it possible to determine the amount niN H3 stored in the catalyst 11, taking into account the sensitivity S of the sensor relative to the quantity of ammonia stored in the catalyst 11.
- the sensitivity S generally presents, as a function of the temperature T and the quantity of ammonia stored m N H3, three zones:
- this zone corresponds to a zone in which there is no correction to be made to the model and in which S 'is zero;
- the adaptive model then corrects the difference determined by the means 17 by lowering the level ammonia stored in the catalyst 11;
- the adaptive model then corrects the difference determined by the means 17 by increasing the level of ammonia stored in the catalyst 1 1.
- the correction made to the model takes into account, non-linearly, the sensitivity of the measurement of NOx and NH 3 with respect to the quantity of ammonia stored, in order to obtain a finer estimate. More precisely, when the model overestimates the real value of m N H3, the calculation of the sensitivity S makes it possible to detect a potential loss of efficiency and to correct the estimate accordingly when the actual value of the quantity of NH 3 stored in catalyst 11 becomes dangerously low. This correction of the estimation occurs only when the criterion S becomes sufficiently large, but makes it possible to increase the flow of ammonia injection in the exhaust line accordingly or to detect a possible failure of the system.
- the invention makes it possible to estimate more reliably and robustly this amount of ammonia, and in particular can detect a decrease or a significant increase in this amount from the desired value.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1252590A FR2988305B1 (fr) | 2012-03-22 | 2012-03-22 | Procede de determination de la quantite d'ammoniac stockee dans un catalyseur, et systeme correspondant |
PCT/EP2013/052609 WO2013139526A1 (fr) | 2012-03-22 | 2013-02-08 | Procédé de détermination de la quantité d'ammoniac stockée dans un catalyseur, et système correspondant |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2827973A1 true EP2827973A1 (fr) | 2015-01-28 |
Family
ID=47678874
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13703109.2A Withdrawn EP2827973A1 (fr) | 2012-03-22 | 2013-02-08 | Procédé de détermination de la quantité d'ammoniac stockée dans un catalyseur, et système correspondant |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2827973A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2988305B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2013139526A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115059530B (zh) * | 2022-07-11 | 2024-05-17 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | 一种scr装置中氨需求量确定方法、装置及设备 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009036780A1 (fr) * | 2007-09-18 | 2009-03-26 | Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh | Surveillance du niveau de nh3 d'un catalyseur scr |
JP4726926B2 (ja) | 2008-05-22 | 2011-07-20 | 株式会社デンソー | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
US8061126B2 (en) * | 2008-07-30 | 2011-11-22 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Nitrogen oxide estimation downstream of a selective catalytic reduction catalyst |
ES2434741T3 (es) * | 2009-12-23 | 2013-12-17 | Fpt Motorenforschung Ag | Método y dispositivo para controlar un convertidor catalítico SCR de un vehículo |
DE102010002620A1 (de) * | 2010-03-05 | 2011-09-08 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines SCR-Katalysators |
-
2012
- 2012-03-22 FR FR1252590A patent/FR2988305B1/fr active Active
-
2013
- 2013-02-08 EP EP13703109.2A patent/EP2827973A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-02-08 WO PCT/EP2013/052609 patent/WO2013139526A1/fr active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
None * |
See also references of WO2013139526A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2988305A1 (fr) | 2013-09-27 |
FR2988305B1 (fr) | 2014-02-28 |
WO2013139526A1 (fr) | 2013-09-26 |
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