EP2803929B1 - Heat exchanger with heat exchange hoses of plastic material - Google Patents
Heat exchanger with heat exchange hoses of plastic material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2803929B1 EP2803929B1 EP14154492.4A EP14154492A EP2803929B1 EP 2803929 B1 EP2803929 B1 EP 2803929B1 EP 14154492 A EP14154492 A EP 14154492A EP 2803929 B1 EP2803929 B1 EP 2803929B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- exchanger according
- casing
- reinforcement means
- exchanger tubes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims 8
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920011301 perfluoro alkoxyl alkane Polymers 0.000 description 4
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PZZOEXPDTYIBPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethylamino]methyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-naphthalen-1-one Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CCNCC1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2CC1 PZZOEXPDTYIBPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
- F28D7/1615—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits being inside a casing and extending at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the casing; the conduits crossing the conduit for the other heat exchange medium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
- F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
- F28D21/001—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases for thermal power plants or industrial processes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
- F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
- F28F21/062—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material the heat-exchange apparatus employing tubular conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/005—Other auxiliary members within casings, e.g. internal filling means or sealing means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
- F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2225/00—Reinforcing means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2255/00—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes
- F28F2255/02—Flexible elements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
- F28F2265/28—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for preventing noise
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
- F28F2265/30—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for preventing vibrations
Definitions
- the invention relates to a heat exchanger having the features in the preamble of patent claim 1.
- Example a fluoroplastic, in particular perfluoroalkoxylalkane (PFA) or modified polytetrafluoroethylene (mod. PTFE), which is why plastic hoses. Since this material has a lower strength and rigidity than steel, it also tends to vibrate. In addition, the tubes must be freed from attachments from time to time. This is done by means of water. In order to improve the cleaning result and to prevent the transfer of cleaning water into adjacent tube bundles, the heat exchanger is equipped in the region of side suspensions with side wall films.
- PFA perfluoroalkoxylalkane
- modified polytetrafluoroethylene modified polytetrafluoroethylene
- vibrations in the heat exchanger can occur. This is often expressed by humming or roaring, which is unpleasant for the human organism.
- mechanical vibrations on adjacent trades such. B. be transferred to housing or work platforms.
- damage to the components can also occur.
- the vibrations occur through the formation of Kármán vortex streets.
- partition walls anti-sound boards or acoustic foils
- the vibrations are thereby shifted in frequency ranges outside the natural frequency of the heat exchanger tubes.
- the partitions are installed between two adjacent rows of tubes.
- the partitions must also, as the tubing consist of a corrosion and heat resistant material. For this reason, a suitable plastic is usually used as a construction material. With a small hose distance, thicker foils (1.5 mm) are used for the partitions. At z. B. 12 mm distance between two adjacent heat exchanger tubes and a film arranged therebetween even the slightest deformation of the film to a contact between the film and the heat exchanger tube. Contact between the hoses and the foils should be avoided at all costs, because the dusty atmosphere in combination with the rubbing contact on the foils leads to abrasion on the surface Heat exchanger hose and leads to the acoustic films. The abrasions on the heat exchanger hose lead in the long term to a failure of the heat exchanger.
- the invention has for its object to show a heat exchanger with arranged in the flow direction of the gas stream film elements, which is improved in terms of stiffness of the film, so that the friction between the heat exchanger tubes and the films is reduced or avoided.
- the heat exchanger comprises a plurality of vertically extending heat exchanger hoses made of plastic, which are arranged parallel to each other in rows and are preferably positionally oriented in several planes by holding elements at a distance.
- the heat exchanger hoses are intended to be flowed across by a gas stream. It is z. B. to a heat exchanger of a flue gas desulfurization.
- At least one film element in particular as a sidewall film element, extends in the flow direction of the gas stream. It is arranged in the height range between two mutually spaced retaining elements.
- the film element is oriented by stiffening means. These stiffening means enforce the retaining elements in the same manner as the heat exchanger hoses.
- the low inherent rigidity of the film elements is significantly responsible for the abrasive contact between the heat exchanger tubes and the film element and contributes significantly to the destruction of the heat exchanger tubes.
- the use of particularly resistant and rigid materials would also lead to the destruction of the heat exchanger tubes when they come into contact with the heat exchanger tubes due to differences in hardness, surface structures, etc.
- These film elements may be sidewall films and / or acoustic films.
- the holding elements which are placed in a grid-like arrangement within the tube bundle, serve exclusively for fixing the stiffening means.
- the stiffening means in this case are struts which extend between successive holding elements.
- the stiffening means are formed by the heat exchanger tubes themselves.
- the distance of the film element to the adjacent heat exchanger tubes is also kept under high thermal stress.
- the film element is now incorporated into the pipe division.
- the number of stiffeners determines the maximum deformation of the film transverse to the gas inflow. As a result, the risk of contact between the film element and the heat exchanger tubes in an adjacent row is reduced or avoided.
- heat exchanger tubes in large-scale systems, a plurality of heat exchanger tubes is connected in parallel.
- per tube bundle 1,800 heat exchanger tubes may be provided, which are arranged in individual rows next to / behind each other.
- a holding element for the heat exchanger hoses would be used to accommodate the film, so that about 50 heat exchanger hoses would have to be omitted by the stiffening means in the form of struts.
- the heat exchanger performance is reduced even less when the stiffener is formed by the heat exchanger tubes themselves. In this case, the heat exchanger hoses stay in place, but do not participate in the heat exchange.
- the number can be slightly reduced.
- the film element which is in direct contact with the heat exchanger tubes inhibits the free flow of the affected heat exchanger tubes and reduces the heat exchange to a certain extent on at least one side, this effect results in even lower losses than in the case of bracing means which are designed as separate struts.
- the stiffening means in the form of struts are preferably designed so that they can be easily fixed to the holding elements.
- the holding elements have guide elements in the form of openings for passing through the heat exchanger tubes.
- the struts are cylindrical. They reach through these openings and have a shell.
- the sheath is preferably made of the same material as the heat exchanger hoses.
- the struts have inside a support profile or reinforced by fillers.
- the support profile should have a higher rigidity than the sheathing. The sheathing rather serves to protect the support profile from corrosive influences of the gas flow.
- the support profile may be a non-metallic or a metallic insert, in particular a wire.
- the wire is surrounded by the sheath made of plastic, in particular of fluoroplastic.
- the support profile has the function toavisteifen the casing from the inside, especially if this has a relatively small wall thickness.
- the support profile should also not be too heavy. Therefore come as a support profile also plastics, in particular glass fiber reinforced plastics in question. Support profiles of non-ferrous metals, such as Aluminum, are also suitable because of the lower weight.
- the stiffening means in the form of struts comprise a casing, wherein within the casing no substantially rigid support profile is arranged, but a filler.
- the filler consists of a flowable or pourable mass. This filler does not have to completely fill the sheath. With the filler, it depends largely on its weight. That is, it should have such a high weight that the flexible sheath is stretched and due to the stretch of the sheath a stiffener is effected.
- the filler can be selected substantially solely by its specific gravity. It preferably has a greater specific gravity than the sheath itself.
- the mass of the filler is at least as large as the mass of the sheath surrounding it.
- the jacket does not necessarily have to be completely filled with the filler.
- a filling height of one-third of the total length of the sheath may be sufficient to stretch the sheath and provide sufficient rigidity of the stiffening means.
- the weight of the filler is one to two times the weight of the surrounding shell.
- the ends of the casing may additionally be closed.
- the closed ends can also serve to fix the casing and thus the struts.
- the closed ends can be enlarged so far in diameter that the ends do not slip through the holding elements. Since it is heat exchanger tubes made of plastic in a hanging arrangement, that is essentially in a vertical orientation, the individual struts hang as it were on the upper side holding elements and are prevented by the ends of the jacket from slipping through the holding elements.
- the film element can in particular be connected in a materially bonded manner to the stiffening means. It may in particular be welded to the stiffening means.
- the welding of fluoroplastics is especially possible with modified PTFE materials, such as TFM. But the fluoroplastics MFA and PFA can be connected by welding technology.
- the welding of the film element takes place either in the upper region, so that thermal expansion downwards is possible, or alternatively in the middle region between two holding elements.
- the central area is defined as the area ranging from 40% to 60% of the vertical distance between two holding elements.
- the film elements according to the invention can be arranged several times in each plane, depending on the vibration conditions of the heat exchanger.
- a plane refers to the vertical area between two superimposed holding elements.
- the heat exchanger tubes can be arranged on both sides of the film elements, so that the film elements are in a sense located in the central region of the heat exchanger. It is also conceivable, however, an arrangement in which the heat exchanger tubes are arranged only on one side of a film element. This is not necessarily a peripheral arrangement, because it is possible to build a plurality of such heat exchanger parallel to each other, so that the individual heat exchanger with its heat exchanger tubes is indeed only arranged on one side of the film element, but on the other hand immediately adjoin the heat exchanger hoses adjacent heat exchanger ,
- the foil elements can therefore also have the function of delimiting individual regions of the tube bundle of the heat exchanger from other regions of the same heat exchanger or of an adjacent heat exchanger.
- FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a portion of a heat exchanger 1.
- the heat exchanger 1 is, for example, a flue gas heat exchanger.
- the heat exchanger 1 has, for example, a width of 2 m and a height of 12 m. Several of these heat exchangers 1 can be arranged next to one another in modular construction, so that overall widths of, for example, 10 m result.
- Heat exchanger 1, the z. B. used in flue gas desulphurisation plants of power plants are exposed to strong corrosive influences.
- the heat exchanger tubes 2 are therefore made of plastic. Preferably, it is a fluoroplastic, in particular PTFE, MFA, PFA or TFM. The plastic has a reduced rigidity due to the increased operating temperatures.
- the holding elements 3 are preferably also made of plastic and are arranged in several height levels. In one possible embodiment, the center distance between two holding elements is 24 mm.
- the holding elements 3 extend horizontally in the flow direction S of the gas flow G. They are attached to support tubes 4 and support profiles 5 which extend transversely to the flow direction S. For reasons of clarity, only a smaller number of retaining elements 3 and the heat exchanger tubes 2 has been shown. In the practical embodiment, the holding elements 3 extend in substantially greater numbers on both sides of the illustrated heat exchanger tubes 2. Also, many of the support tubes 4 and carrier profiles 5 are arranged one above the other, for example, in vertical intervals of 50 cm to 60 cm. In the context of the invention is spoken by several levels.
- At least one film element 6 is arranged in at least one plane, preferably all planes.
- the film element 6 preferably also consists of a fluoroplastic. It has a thickness of preferably 1 mm to 3 mm and dimensions of about 500 mm in height and at least 1,000 mm in length.
- the film element 6 extends in the flow direction S.
- the special feature of the film element 6 is that it is penetrated by stiffening means 7.
- the stiffening means 7 extend vertically in the image plane.
- the number of stiffening means 7 depends essentially on the extent of the film element 6.
- the lateral extent of the film element 6 must be limited in such a way that contact with the adjacent heat exchanger tubes 2 is safely excluded.
- the stiffening means 7 are formed by the heat exchanger tubes 2. This means that the stiffening means 7 themselves extend through the holding elements 3, by the same guide elements in the form of openings, which are also provided for the heat exchanger tubes 2.
- the pockets 8 are formed by two mutually parallel slots 9, 10. These slots 9, 10 extend in the flow direction S in this embodiment.
- the length of the slots 9, 10 is selected so that the film element 6 can be issued in opposite directions, so that the heat exchanger tube 2 in its function as a stiffening means 7 through the openings in Area of the slots 9, 10 can be performed.
- the film element 6 surrounds the stiffening means 7 on both sides.
- FIG. 1 shows that each stiffening means 7 passes through a plurality of successive pockets 8 in the vertical direction.
- FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of a heat exchanger 1. It will be at FIG. 2 the too FIG. 1 introduced reference numerals used as far as identical or substantially identical components are designated.
- FIG. 2 again shows a heat exchanger 1, which differs from the design of the FIG. 1 characterized in that the stiffening means 7a are configured differently. These are not heat exchanger tubes 2, but separate stiffening means 7a in the form of struts. These stiffening means 7a do not have the function to participate in the heat exchange, but only the function tosurveyedsteifen the Fol'ienelement 6. But the stiffening elements 7a enforce also, in the same way as in FIG. 1 the heat exchanger tubes 2, the openings in the holding elements 3 in the vertical direction. The outer dimensions of the stiffening means 7a are identical except for the length. From the sectional view, however, it can be seen that the stiffening means 7a has a closed end 11. Unlike the embodiment of the FIG.
- the stiffening means 7a end the FIG. 2 at the position shown. They enforce only one film element 6 completely.
- a single heat exchanger hose 2 can pass through a plurality of film elements 6 in different planes.
- the stiffening means 7a of FIG. 2 in the form of a strut has on the outside a tubular sheath 12.
- the sheath 12 surrounds an inside support profile 13.
- the support profile 13 may be a wire or a rod.
- the support profile 13 is in particular metallic and can be protected from corrosive gases on all sides by the outer casing 12.
- the sheath 12 is preferably made of the same material as the heat exchanger tubes 1, in particular of a fluoroplastic. It is preferably a weldable fluoroplastic. In which Embodiment of FIG. 2 the end 11 of the casing 12 is closed by a plug 15.
- FIG. 3 shows an alternative in which the end 11 is flattened.
- FIG. 4 shows this embodiment in an enlarged view.
- the clipping of the upper end 11 has the advantage that the end 11 is widened.
- the diameter is larger than the diameter of the opening 12 penetrated by the sheath 12 in the holding elements 3, so that the stiffening means 7a can not slip through the holding element 3.
- the lower end 14 is closed by a plug 15.
- FIG. 3 shows how the lower ends 14 engage in pockets 8 of the film element 6. Below the pocket 8 there is a further slot 16 in the flow direction S of the gas G. As a result, the film element 6 can issue laterally transversely to the flow direction up to the slot 16 and conform to the tubular stiffening means 7a.
- FIG. 5 shows a possible embodiment of a film element 6 in a side view.
- the pockets 8 In the upper area are recesses for the support tube 4 and the support section 5, as shown in the FIGS. 1 and 2 is shown.
- An essential feature of the film element 6 are the pockets 8, several of which are arranged successively in the vertical direction.
- a further pocket 8 is additionally provided in each case. This pocket 8 is offset from the former pockets 8. It serves to receive the lower ends 11 of stiffening means, which hold another film element 6 in an overlying plane.
- FIG. 6 Finally, a variant showing a combination of the embodiments of FIGS. 1 and 2 represents.
- the stiffening means 7a are configured as struts which extend only between two successive holding elements 3. As described above, enforce the Stiffening means 7a actually provided for the heat exchanger tubes 2 openings in the holding elements 3.
- the stiffening means 7a terminate shortly above or just below the respective holding elements 3, so that the respective limited by the holding elements 3 level is completely penetrated and held the film element 6a and stiffened becomes.
- stiffening means 7 are not separate struts, but are formed by the heat exchanger tubes 2 themselves.
- the heat exchanger tubes 2 in turn extend through the pockets 8. It is therefore possible within the scope of the invention to combine different stiffening means 7, 7a in a heat exchanger with one another.
- the two variants have in common that the film element 6 is arranged substantially in the predetermined by the holding elements 3 level for the heat exchanger tubes 2 and stiffening means 7, 7a.
- the stiffening means 7, 7a By welding the film elements 6, 6a with the stiffening means 7, 7a, in particular in the central region between two holding elements 3, that is in a range corresponding to about 40% to 60% of the distance between two holding elements 3, it can be achieved that the film element 6, 6a upwards and downwards, that is evenly, expands and thus stresses within the film element 6, 6a are avoided.
- the number of stiffening means 7, 7a limits the lateral deflection of the film elements 6, 6a by thermal expansion.
- FIG. 6 shows, moreover, that the holding elements 3 can be arranged on both sides of the film element 6a or the heat exchanger tubes 2 in the holding elements 3 can accordingly run on both sides of the film element 6a. Also conceivable is a configuration in which the Heat exchanger hoses 2 are arranged only on one side of the film element 6, as for example in the FIGS. 1 and 2 can be seen.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wärmetauscher mit den Merkmalen im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a heat exchanger having the features in the preamble of
Aus der Strömungsmechanik ist es bekannt, dass durch die Ausbildung gegenläufiger Wirbel zylindrische Körper derart in Schwingung versetzt werden, dass die Körper selbst zu schwingen beginnen. In besonders kritischen Situationen kann die Ablösefrequenz der Wirbel auch in den Bereich der Eigenschwingung bzw. der Eigenfrequenz des Körpers fallen. Je größer die frei schwingende Länge von Rohren ist, d. h., je größer die Wärmetauscher sind, desto eher tritt das Problem der Schwingungsanregung auf. Besonders große Wärmetauscher kommen beispielsweise bei Rauchgas-Entschwefelungsanlagen von Kraftwerken zum Einsatz. Da die aggressiven Rauchgase die Wärmetauscherrohre angreifen können, bestehen diese aus einem korrosionsbeständigen Werkstoff, insbesondere aus einem korrosionsfesten Kunststoff wie z. B. einem Fluorkunststoff, insbesondere Perfluoralkoxylalkan (PFA) oder modifizierten Polytetrafluorethylen (mod. PTFE), weshalb von Kunststoffschläuchen gesprochen wird. Da dieser Werkstoff eine geringere Festigkeit und Steifigkeit als Stahl besitzt, gerät er auch eher in Schwingungen. Zudem müssen die Schläuche von Zeit zu Zeit von Anhaftungen befreit werden. Das erfolgt mittels Wasser. Um das Reinigungsergebnis zu verbessern und um den Übertritt von Reinigungswasser in benachbarte Rohrbündel zu verhindern, ist der Wärmetauscher im Bereich von seitlichen Abhängungen mit Seitenwandfolien bestückt.From the fluid mechanics it is known that cylindrical bodies are vibrated by the formation of counter-rotating vortices in such a way that the bodies themselves begin to oscillate. In particularly critical situations, the separation frequency of the vertebrae can also fall within the range of the natural vibration or the natural frequency of the body. The larger the free-swinging length of tubes, that is, the larger the heat exchangers are, the more likely the problem of vibrational excitation to occur. Particularly large heat exchangers are used, for example, in flue gas desulphurization plants of power plants. Since the aggressive flue gases can attack the heat exchanger tubes, they consist of a corrosion-resistant material, in particular of a corrosion-resistant plastic such. Example, a fluoroplastic, in particular perfluoroalkoxylalkane (PFA) or modified polytetrafluoroethylene (mod. PTFE), which is why plastic hoses. Since this material has a lower strength and rigidity than steel, it also tends to vibrate. In addition, the tubes must be freed from attachments from time to time. This is done by means of water. In order to improve the cleaning result and to prevent the transfer of cleaning water into adjacent tube bundles, the heat exchanger is equipped in the region of side suspensions with side wall films.
Durch die fluchtende Anordnung der Wärmetauscherschläuche in Kombination mit den Rauchgaskanalabmessungen können Schwingungen im Wärmetauscher auftreten. Dies äußert sich oftmals durch Brummen oder Dröhnen, das für den menschlichen Organismus unangenehm ist. Darüber hinaus ist es möglich, dass die mechanischen Schwingungen auf angrenzende Gewerke, wie z. B. auf Gehäuse oder Arbeitsbühnen übertragen werden. Je nach Intensität der Schwingungen können auch Beschädigungen an den Bauteilen auftreten. Die Schwingungen treten durch die Ausbildung von kármánschen Wirbelstraßen auf. Durch Einbau von Trennwänden (Antidröhnplatten oder auch Akustikfolien) wird die Ausbildung von kármánschen Wirbelstraßen gestört. Die Schwingungen werden dadurch in Frequenzbereiche außerhalb der Eigenfrequenz der Wärmetauscherschläuche verlagert. Die Trennwände werden zwischen zwei benachbarten Schlauchreihen eingebaut. Die Trennwände müssen ebenfalls, wie das Schlauchmaterial aus einem korrosions- und hitzebeständigen Material bestehen. Aus diesem Grunde wird als Konstruktionswerkstoff üblicherweise auch ein geeigneter Kunststoff eingesetzt. Bei einem geringen Schlauchabstand werden für die Trennwände dickere Folien (1,5 mm) eingesetzt. Bei z. B. 12 mm Abstand zwischen zwei benachbarten Wärmetauscherschläuchen und einer dazwischen angeordneten Folie führen bereits kleinste Verformungen der Folie zu einem Kontakt zwischen der Folie und dem Wärmetauscherschlauch. Ein Kontakt zwischen den Schläuchen und den Folien sollte unter allen Umständen vermieden werden, weil die staubhaltige Atmosphäre in Kombination mit dem Reibkontakt an den Folien zu Abrasionen am Wärmetauscherschlauch und an den Akustikfolien führt. Die Abrasionen am Wärmetauscherschlauch führen langfristig zu einem Ausfall des Wärmetauschers.Due to the aligned arrangement of the heat exchanger tubes in combination with the flue gas channel dimensions vibrations in the heat exchanger can occur. This is often expressed by humming or roaring, which is unpleasant for the human organism. In addition, it is possible that the mechanical vibrations on adjacent trades such. B. be transferred to housing or work platforms. Depending on the intensity of the vibrations, damage to the components can also occur. The vibrations occur through the formation of Kármán vortex streets. The installation of partition walls (anti-sound boards or acoustic foils) disturbs the formation of Kármán vortex streets. The vibrations are thereby shifted in frequency ranges outside the natural frequency of the heat exchanger tubes. The partitions are installed between two adjacent rows of tubes. The partitions must also, as the tubing consist of a corrosion and heat resistant material. For this reason, a suitable plastic is usually used as a construction material. With a small hose distance, thicker foils (1.5 mm) are used for the partitions. At z. B. 12 mm distance between two adjacent heat exchanger tubes and a film arranged therebetween even the slightest deformation of the film to a contact between the film and the heat exchanger tube. Contact between the hoses and the foils should be avoided at all costs, because the dusty atmosphere in combination with the rubbing contact on the foils leads to abrasion on the surface Heat exchanger hose and leads to the acoustic films. The abrasions on the heat exchanger hose lead in the long term to a failure of the heat exchanger.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Wärmetauscher mit in Strömungsrichtung des Gasstroms angeordneten Folienelementen aufzuzeigen, der hinsichtlich der Steifigkeit der Folie verbessert ist, sodass die Reibung zwischen den Wärmetauscherschläuchen und den Folien reduziert bzw. vermieden wird.The invention has for its object to show a heat exchanger with arranged in the flow direction of the gas stream film elements, which is improved in terms of stiffness of the film, so that the friction between the heat exchanger tubes and the films is reduced or avoided.
Diese Aufgabe ist bei einem Wärmetauscher mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved with a heat exchanger having the features of
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
Der erfindungsgemäße Wärmetauscher umfasst mehrere vertikal verlaufende Wärmetauscherschläuche aus Kunststoff, die parallel zueinander in Reihen angeordnet sind und vorzugsweise in mehreren Ebenen durch Halteelemente im Abstand zueinander lageorientiert sind. Die Wärmetauscherschläuche sind dafür vorgesehen, von einem Gasstrom quer angeströmt zu werden. Es handelt sich z. B. um einen Wärmetauscher einer Rauchgasentschwefelungsanlage. In Strömungsrichtung des Gasstroms erstreckt sich wenigstens ein Folienelement, insbesondere als Seitenwand-Folienelement. Es ist im Höhenbereich zwischen zwei zueinander beabstandeten Halteelementen angeordnet. Das Folienelement wird von Aussteifungsmitteln lageorientiert. Diese Aussteifungsmittel durchsetzen die Halteelemente in gleicher Weise wie die Wärmetauscherschläuche.The heat exchanger according to the invention comprises a plurality of vertically extending heat exchanger hoses made of plastic, which are arranged parallel to each other in rows and are preferably positionally oriented in several planes by holding elements at a distance. The heat exchanger hoses are intended to be flowed across by a gas stream. It is z. B. to a heat exchanger of a flue gas desulfurization. At least one film element, in particular as a sidewall film element, extends in the flow direction of the gas stream. It is arranged in the height range between two mutually spaced retaining elements. The film element is oriented by stiffening means. These stiffening means enforce the retaining elements in the same manner as the heat exchanger hoses.
Es wurde im Rahmen der Erfindung erkannt, dass die geringe Eigensteifigkeit der Folienelemente maßgeblich ursächlich für den abrasiven Kontakt zwischen den Wärmetauscherschläuchen und dem Folienelement ist und wesentlich zur Zerstörung der Wärmetauscherschläuche beiträgt. Theoretisch wäre es zwar möglich, dickwandigere und damit steifere artgleiche Folienelemente einzusetzen. Das würde jedoch den Materialeinsatz und -aufwand deutlich erhöhen. Die Verwendung besonders widerstandsfähiger und biegesteifer Werkstoffe würde andererseits bei einem Kontakt mit den Wärmetauscherschläuchen auch aufgrund unterschiedlicher Härte, Oberflächenstrukturen etc. zur Zerstörung der Wärmetauscherschläuche führen. Aus diesem Grund werden die Folienelemente mit Aussteifungsmitteln versehen, welche die Halteelemente durchsetzen. Bei diesen Folienelementen kann es sich um Seitenwandfolien und/oder Akustikfolien handeln.It has been recognized in the context of the invention that the low inherent rigidity of the film elements is significantly responsible for the abrasive contact between the heat exchanger tubes and the film element and contributes significantly to the destruction of the heat exchanger tubes. Theoretically, it would be possible to use thicker-walled and therefore more rigid film elements of the same type. However, that would significantly increase the material input and effort. On the other hand, the use of particularly resistant and rigid materials would also lead to the destruction of the heat exchanger tubes when they come into contact with the heat exchanger tubes due to differences in hardness, surface structures, etc. For this reason, the foil elements with Provided stiffening, which enforce the holding elements. These film elements may be sidewall films and / or acoustic films.
Das kann einerseits heißen, dass die Halteelemente, die in einer rasterartigen Anordnung innerhalb des Schlauchbündels platziert sind, ausschließlich zur Fixierung des Aussteifungsmittels dienen. Die Aussteifungsmittel sind in diesem Fall Streben, welche sich zwischen aufeinander folgenden Halteelementen erstrecken.This may mean, on the one hand, that the holding elements, which are placed in a grid-like arrangement within the tube bundle, serve exclusively for fixing the stiffening means. The stiffening means in this case are struts which extend between successive holding elements.
Die bevorzugte Variante ist jedoch, dass die Aussteifungsmittel durch die Wärmetauscherschläuche selbst gebildet sind.However, the preferred variant is that the stiffening means are formed by the heat exchanger tubes themselves.
Bei beiden Varianten wird der Abstand des Folienelements zu den benachbarten Wärmetauscherschläuchen auch unter hoher thermischer Belastung gehalten. Bei einem Mittenabstand von z. B. 24 mm zwischen zwei benachbarten Reihen von Wärmetauscherschläuchen wird das Folienelement nun in die Rohrteilung eingegliedert. Die Anzahl der Versteifungen bestimmt die maximale Verformung der Folie quer zur Gasanströmung. Dadurch wird die Gefahr von Berührungen zwischen dem Folienelement und den Wärmetauscherschläuchen in einer benachbarten Reihe reduziert bzw. vermieden.In both variants, the distance of the film element to the adjacent heat exchanger tubes is also kept under high thermal stress. At a center distance of z. B. 24 mm between two adjacent rows of heat exchanger tubes, the film element is now incorporated into the pipe division. The number of stiffeners determines the maximum deformation of the film transverse to the gas inflow. As a result, the risk of contact between the film element and the heat exchanger tubes in an adjacent row is reduced or avoided.
Darüber hinaus ist zu berücksichtigen, dass bei großtechnischen Anlagen eine Vielzahl von Wärmetauscherschläuchen parallel geschaltet ist. Beispielsweise können je Rohrbündel 1.800 Wärmetauscherschläuche vorgesehen sein, die in einzelnen Reihen neben-/ hintereinander angeordnet sind. Durch ein Folienelement würde ein Halteelement für die Wärmetauscherschläuche zur Aufnahme der Folie genutzt werden, so dass durch die Aussteifungsmittel in Form von Streben etwa 50 Wärmetauscherschläuche entfallen müssten. Hierdurch sinkt zwar die Leistung des Wärmetauschers geringfügig, der Vorteil ist jedoch eine deutlich verbesserte Schwingungsdämpfung und Haltbarkeit der angrenzenden Wärmetauscherschläuche, so dass der Nachteil der reduzierten Leistung mehr als kompensiert wird.In addition, it should be noted that in large-scale systems, a plurality of heat exchanger tubes is connected in parallel. For example, per tube bundle 1,800 heat exchanger tubes may be provided, which are arranged in individual rows next to / behind each other. By a film element, a holding element for the heat exchanger hoses would be used to accommodate the film, so that about 50 heat exchanger hoses would have to be omitted by the stiffening means in the form of struts. Although this reduces the performance of the heat exchanger slightly, but the advantage is a significantly improved vibration damping and durability of the adjacent heat exchanger tubes, so that the disadvantage of reduced power is more than compensated.
Die Wärmetauscherleistung wird noch weniger reduziert, wenn die Aussteifung von den Wärmetauscherschläuchen selbst gebildet ist. In diesem Fall bleiben die Wärmetauscherschläuche an Ort und Stelle, nehmen aber nicht am Wärmeaustausch teil.The heat exchanger performance is reduced even less when the stiffener is formed by the heat exchanger tubes themselves. In this case, the heat exchanger hoses stay in place, but do not participate in the heat exchange.
Die Anzahl kann geringfügig reduziert werden. Das unmittelbar mit den Wärmetauscherschläuchen in Kontakt stehende Folienelement hemmt zwar die freie Anströmung der betroffenen Wärmetauscherschläuche und reduziert zumindest auf einer Seite in gewissen Umfang auch den Wärmeaustausch, allerdings führt dieser Effekt zu noch geringeren Verlusten als bei Aussteifungsmitteln, die als separate Streben ausgeführt sind.The number can be slightly reduced. Although the film element which is in direct contact with the heat exchanger tubes inhibits the free flow of the affected heat exchanger tubes and reduces the heat exchange to a certain extent on at least one side, this effect results in even lower losses than in the case of bracing means which are designed as separate struts.
Die Aussteifungsmittel in Form von Streben sind vorzugsweise so gestaltet, dass sie sich leicht an den Halteelementen fixieren lassen. Die Halteelemente besitzen Führungselemente in Form von Öffnungen zum Durchführen der Wärmetauscherschläuche. Aus diesem Grund sind die Streben zylindrisch ausgebildet. Sie greifen durch diese Öffnungen und besitzen eine Ummantelung. Die Ummantelung besteht vorzugsweise aus demselben Werkstoff wie die Wärmetauscherschläuche. In einer ersten bevorzugten Weiterbildung besitzen die Streben innen ein Stützprofil oder werden durch Füllstoffe verstärkt. Das Stützprofil soll eine höhere Steifigkeit besitzen als die Ummantelung. Die Ummantelung dient vielmehr zum Schutz des Stützprofils vor korrosiven Einflüssen des Gasstroms. Es kann sich bei dem Stützprofil um einen nicht-metallischen oder um einen metallischen Einsatz, insbesondere einen Draht, handeln. Der Draht ist von der Ummantelung aus Kunststoff, insbesondere aus Fluorkunststoff, umgeben. Das Stützprofil hat die Funktion, die Ummantelung von innen auszusteifen, insbesondere wenn diese eine relativ geringe Wanddicke besitzt. Anderseits soll das Stützprofil auch nicht zu schwer sein. Daher kommen als Stützprofil auch Kunststoffe, insbesondere glasfaserverstärkte Kunststoffe in Frage. Stützprofile aus Nicht-Eisen-Metallen, wie z.B. Aluminium, sind aufgrund des geringeren Gewichts ebenso geeignet.The stiffening means in the form of struts are preferably designed so that they can be easily fixed to the holding elements. The holding elements have guide elements in the form of openings for passing through the heat exchanger tubes. For this reason, the struts are cylindrical. They reach through these openings and have a shell. The sheath is preferably made of the same material as the heat exchanger hoses. In a first preferred embodiment, the struts have inside a support profile or reinforced by fillers. The support profile should have a higher rigidity than the sheathing. The sheathing rather serves to protect the support profile from corrosive influences of the gas flow. The support profile may be a non-metallic or a metallic insert, in particular a wire. The wire is surrounded by the sheath made of plastic, in particular of fluoroplastic. The support profile has the function to auszusteifen the casing from the inside, especially if this has a relatively small wall thickness. On the other hand, the support profile should also not be too heavy. Therefore come as a support profile also plastics, in particular glass fiber reinforced plastics in question. Support profiles of non-ferrous metals, such as Aluminum, are also suitable because of the lower weight.
In einer alternativen Ausführungsform umfassen die Aussteifungsmittel in Form von Streben eine Ummantelung, wobei innerhalb der Ummantelung kein im Wesentlichen starres Stützprofil angeordnet ist, sondern ein Füllstoff. Der Füllstoff besteht aus einer fließ- oder rieselfähigen Masse. Dieser Füllstoff muss die Ummantelung nicht vollständig ausfüllen. Bei dem Füllstoff kommt es maßgeblich auf seine Gewichtskraft an. Das heißt, er soll ein so hohes Gewicht haben, dass die flexible Ummantelung gestreckt wird und aufgrund der Streckung der Ummantelung eine Aussteifung bewirkt wird. Bei diesem Lösungsansatz kann der Füllstoff im Wesentlichen einzig und allein nach seinem spezifischen Gewicht ausgewählt werden. Er besitzt vorzugsweise ein größeres spezifisches Gewicht als die Ummantelung selbst. Insbesondere ist die Masse des Füllstoffes wenigstens so groß wie die Masse der ihn umgebenen Ummantelung. Besonders kostengünstig sind mineralische Füllstoffe, wie z.B. Sand. Selbstverständlich können auch andere geeignete Werkstoffe mit hoher Dichte, wie z.B. Metalle in Betracht gezogen werden. Die Ummantelung muss nicht zwangsläufig vollständig mit dem Füllstoff gefüllt werden. Beispielsweise kann eine Füllhöhe von einem Drittel der Gesamtlänge der Ummantelung ausreichen, um die Ummantelung zu strecken und für eine hinreichende Steifigkeit des Aussteifungsmittels zu sorgen. Vorzugsweise beträgt das Gewicht des Füllstoffes das ein- bis zweifache des Gewichts der umgebenden Ummantelung.In an alternative embodiment, the stiffening means in the form of struts comprise a casing, wherein within the casing no substantially rigid support profile is arranged, but a filler. The filler consists of a flowable or pourable mass. This filler does not have to completely fill the sheath. With the filler, it depends largely on its weight. That is, it should have such a high weight that the flexible sheath is stretched and due to the stretch of the sheath a stiffener is effected. In this approach, the filler can be selected substantially solely by its specific gravity. It preferably has a greater specific gravity than the sheath itself. In particular, the mass of the filler is at least as large as the mass of the sheath surrounding it. Particularly inexpensive are mineral fillers, such as sand. Of course, other suitable high density materials, such as metals, may be considered. The jacket does not necessarily have to be completely filled with the filler. For example, a filling height of one-third of the total length of the sheath may be sufficient to stretch the sheath and provide sufficient rigidity of the stiffening means. Preferably, the weight of the filler is one to two times the weight of the surrounding shell.
Die Enden der Ummantelung können zusätzlich verschlossen sein. Die verschlossenen Enden können zugleich zur Fixierung der Ummantelung und damit der Streben dienen. Hierzu können die verschlossenen Enden soweit im Durchmesser vergrößert sein, dass die Enden nicht durch die Halteelemente rutschen. Da es sich um Wärmetauscherschläuche aus Kunststoff in hängender Anordnung, das heißt im Wesentlichen in vertikaler Orientierung, handelt, hängen die einzelnen Streben gewissermaßen an den oberseitig angeordneten Halteelementen und werden durch die Enden der Ummantelung am Durchrutschen durch die Halteelemente gehindert.The ends of the casing may additionally be closed. The closed ends can also serve to fix the casing and thus the struts. For this purpose, the closed ends can be enlarged so far in diameter that the ends do not slip through the holding elements. Since it is heat exchanger tubes made of plastic in a hanging arrangement, that is essentially in a vertical orientation, the individual struts hang as it were on the upper side holding elements and are prevented by the ends of the jacket from slipping through the holding elements.
Während die Verbindung zwischen den Streben und den Halteelementen formschlüssig erfolgt, kann das Folienelement insbesondere stoffschlüssig mit dem Aussteifungsmittel verbunden sein. Es kann insbesondere mit den Aussteifungsmitteln verschweißt sein. Das Verschweißen von Fluorkunststoffen ist insbesondere bei modifizierten PTFE-Werkstoffen, wie TFM, möglich. Aber auch die Fluorkunststoffe MFA und PFA können schweißtechnisch verbunden werden. Das Verschweißen des Folienelements erfolgt entweder im oberen Bereich, so dass eine Wärmeausdehnung nach unten möglich ist, oder aber alternativ im mittleren Bereich zwischen zwei Halteelementen. Der mittlere Bereich ist definiert als der Bereich, der von 40 % bis 60 % des vertikalen Abstands zwischen zwei Halteelementen reicht.While the connection between the struts and the retaining elements takes place in a form-fitting manner, the film element can in particular be connected in a materially bonded manner to the stiffening means. It may in particular be welded to the stiffening means. The welding of fluoroplastics is especially possible with modified PTFE materials, such as TFM. But the fluoroplastics MFA and PFA can be connected by welding technology. The welding of the film element takes place either in the upper region, so that thermal expansion downwards is possible, or alternatively in the middle region between two holding elements. The central area is defined as the area ranging from 40% to 60% of the vertical distance between two holding elements.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung sind selbstverständlich auch Aufhängungen der Folienelemente durch Haken oder Klemmungen und ähnliche Bauteile an der oberseitigen Halteranordnung möglich, die entweder dafür vorgesehen sind, unmittelbar das Folienelement klemmzuhalten, oder entsprechende Aufnahmen zur Eingliederung von Halteelementen, wie zum Beispiel für Haken oder für Clipse, aufweisen.In the context of the invention, of course, also suspensions of the film elements by hooks or clamps and similar components on the top holder assembly are possible, which are either intended to clamp directly the film element, or appropriate recordings for the incorporation of holding elements, such as hooks or clips , exhibit.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Folienelemente können je nach Schwingungsverhältnissen des Wärmetauschers mehrfach in jeder Ebene angeordnet sein. Eine Ebene bezeichnet den vertikalen Bereich zwischen zwei übereinander angeordneten Halteelementen.The film elements according to the invention can be arranged several times in each plane, depending on the vibration conditions of the heat exchanger. A plane refers to the vertical area between two superimposed holding elements.
Die Wärmetauscherschläuche können beiderseits der Folienelementen angeordnet sein, so dass sich die Folienelemente gewissermaßen im mittleren Bereich des Wärmetauschers befinden. Denkbar ist aber auch eine Anordnung, bei welcher die Wärmetauscherschläuche nur auf einer Seite eines Folienelements angeordnet sind. Hierbei handelt es sich nicht zwingend um eine randseitige Anordnung, denn es ist möglich, mehrere derartiger Wärmetauscher parallel nebeneinander zu errichten, so dass der einzelne Wärmetauscher mit seinen Wärmetauscherschläuchen zwar nur auf einer Seite des Folienelements angeordnet ist, andererseits aber sich Wärmetauscherschläuche benachbarter Wärmetauscher unmittelbar anschließen. Die Folienelemente können daher auch die Funktion haben, einzelne Bereiche des Schlauchbündels des Wärmetauschers von anderen Bereichen desselben Wärmetauschers oder eines benachbarten Wärmetauschers abzugrenzen.The heat exchanger tubes can be arranged on both sides of the film elements, so that the film elements are in a sense located in the central region of the heat exchanger. It is also conceivable, however, an arrangement in which the heat exchanger tubes are arranged only on one side of a film element. This is not necessarily a peripheral arrangement, because it is possible to build a plurality of such heat exchanger parallel to each other, so that the individual heat exchanger with its heat exchanger tubes is indeed only arranged on one side of the film element, but on the other hand immediately adjoin the heat exchanger hoses adjacent heat exchanger , The foil elements can therefore also have the function of delimiting individual regions of the tube bundle of the heat exchanger from other regions of the same heat exchanger or of an adjacent heat exchanger.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Es zeigt:
Figur 1- in perspektivischer Ansicht einen Teilbereich eines Wärmetauschers in einer ersten Ausführungsform;
Figur 2- in perspektivischer Ansicht einen Teilbereich eines Wärmetauschers in einer zweiten Ausführungsform;
Figur 3- eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Wärmetauschers in einer dritten Ausführungsform;
Figur 4- in vergrößerter Darstellung eine Aussteifungselement im Teilschnitt;
Figur 5- eine Seitenansicht eines Folienelements und
Figur 6- eine weitere perspektivische Ansicht eines Wärmetauschers in einer weiteren Ausführungsform.
- FIG. 1
- in perspective view a portion of a heat exchanger in a first embodiment;
- FIG. 2
- in perspective view a portion of a heat exchanger in a second embodiment;
- FIG. 3
- a perspective view of a heat exchanger in a third embodiment;
- FIG. 4
- in an enlarged view a stiffening element in partial section;
- FIG. 5
- a side view of a film element and
- FIG. 6
- a further perspective view of a heat exchanger in another embodiment.
Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass in wenigstens einer Ebene, vorzugsweise allen Ebenen, wenigstens ein Folienelement 6 angeordnet ist. Das Folienelement 6 besteht vorzugsweise auch aus einem Fluorkunststoff. Es besitzt eine Dicke von vorzugsweise 1 mm bis 3 mm und Abmessungen von ca. 500 mm in der Höhe und mindestens 1.000 mm in der Länge. Das Folienelement 6 erstreckt sich in Strömungsrichtung S.According to the invention, at least one
Das Besondere an dem Folienelement 6 ist, dass es von Aussteifungsmitteln 7 durchsetzt ist. Die Aussteifungsmittel 7 erstrecken sich in der Bildebene vertikal. Die Anzahl der Aussteifungsmittel 7 richtet sich im Wesentlichen nach der Ausdehnung des Folienelementes 6. Die seitliche Ausdehnung des Folienelementes 6 muss in derart begrenzt werden, dass ein Kontakt mit den benachbarten Wärmetauscherschläuchen 2 sicher ausgeschlossen ist. Konkret werden in dieser Ausführungsvariante die Aussteifungsmittel 7 von den Wärmetauscherschläuchen 2 gebildet. Das bedeutet, dass sich die Aussteifungsmittel 7 selbst durch die Halteelemente 3 erstrecken, und zwar durch dieselben Führungselemente in Form von Öffnungen, die auch für die Wärmetauscherschläuche 2 vorgesehen sind. Die Öffnungen in den Halteelementen 3, die eigentlich zur Aufnahme der Wärmetauscherrohre 2 vorgesehen sind, dienen damit gleichzeitig zur Fixierung der Aussteifungsmittel 7.The special feature of the
Die Verbindung zwischen den Aussteifungsmitteln 7 und dem Folienelement 6 erfolgt über Taschen 8 in den Folienelementen 6. Die Taschen 8 werden durch zwei parallel zueinander verlaufende Schlitze 9, 10 gebildet. Diese Schlitze 9, 10 verlaufen bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel in Strömungsrichtung S. Die Länge der Schlitze 9, 10 ist so gewählt, dass das Folienelement 6 in entgegengesetzte Richtungen ausgestellt werden kann, so dass der Wärmetauscherschlauch 2 in seiner Funktion als Aussteifungsmittel 7 durch die Öffnungen im Bereich der Schlitze 9, 10 geführt werden kann. Dadurch umschließt das Folienelement 6 das Aussteifungsmittel 7 beiderseits.
Das Aussteifungsmittel 7a der
Das Ausführungsbeispiel der
In den darüber liegenden und darunter liegenden Folienelementen 6a sind zu diesem Zweck randseitig zusätzliche Taschen 8 ausgebildet, die zur Aufnahme der Enden 11 der Halteelemente 3 dienen. Diese Variante entspricht im Wesentlichen der Ausführungsform der
In der Bildebene hinten befindet sich an demselben Wärmetauscher 1 die Variante der
Die beiden Varianten haben gemeinsam, dass das Folienelement 6 im Wesentlichen in der von den Halteelementen 3 vorgegebenen Ebene für die Wärmetauscherschläuche 2 bzw. Aussteifungsmittel 7, 7a angeordnet ist. Durch Verschweißung der Folienelemente 6, 6a mit den Aussteifungsmitteln 7, 7a, insbesondere im mittleren Bereich zwischen zwei Halteelementen 3, das heißt in einem Bereich, der etwa 40 % bis 60 % des Abstandes zwischen zwei Halteelementen 3 entspricht, kann erreicht werden, dass sich das Folienelement 6, 6a nach oben und unten, das heißt gleichmäßig, ausdehnt und dadurch Spannungen innerhalb des Folienelements 6, 6a vermieden werden. Die Anzahl der Aussteifungsmittel 7, 7a limitiert die seitliche Auslenkung der Folienelemente 6, 6a durch Wärmedehnung.The two variants have in common that the
- 1 -1 -
- Wärmetauscherheat exchangers
- 2 -2 -
- Wärmetauscherschlauchheat exchanger tube
- 3 -3 -
- Halteelementretaining element
- 4 -4 -
- Tragrohrsupport tube
- 5 -5 -
- Tragprofilsupport section
- 6 -6 -
- Folienelementfilm element
- 6a -6a -
- Folienelementfilm element
- 7 -7 -
- Aussteifungsmittelstiffening
- 7a -7a -
- Aussteifungsmittelstiffening
- 8 -8th -
- Taschebag
- 9 -9 -
- Schlitzslot
- 10 -10 -
- Schlitzslot
- 11 -11 -
- EndeThe End
- 12 -12 -
- Ummantelungjacket
- 13 -13 -
- Stützprofilsupport profile
- 14 -14 -
- EndeThe End
- 15 -15 -
- StopfenPlug
- 16 -16 -
- Schlitzslot
- G -G -
- Gasstromgas flow
- S -S -
- Strömungsrichtungflow direction
Claims (15)
- Heat exchanger comprising a plurality of vertically-extending heat exchanger tubes (2) made of plastic, which are arranged in parallel in rows and are position-oriented by retaining elements (3) at a distance from one another, wherein the heat exchanger tubes (2) are arranged in order to be flowed over transversely by a gas stream (G), and wherein there is at least one foil element (6, 6a) in the flow direction (S) of the gas stream (G), which is arranged at the height region between two retaining elements (3) spaced apart, characterised in that reinforcement means (7, 7a) orients at least one foil element (6, 6a), wherein the reinforcement means (7, 7a) reinforce the retaining elements (3).
- Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterised in that the reinforcement means (7) are formed from the heat exchanger tubes (2).
- Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterised in that the reinforcement means (7a) are constructed as struts, which extend between successive retaining elements (3).
- Heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterised in that the reinforcement means in the form of struts include a casing (12), wherein a support profile (13) is arranged in the casing (12).
- Heat exchanger according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the reinforcement means in the form of struts include a casing (12), wherein the space surrounded by the casing (12) at least partially encloses a filler.
- Heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterised in that the filler has a higher specific weight than the casing.
- Heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterised in that the filler comprises a mineral material and/or a metal.
- Heat exchanger according to one of the claims 5 to 7, characterised in that the mass of the filler is at least equal to the mass of the casing.
- Heat exchanger according to one of the claims 4 to 8, characterised in that the casing (12) is made of the same material as the heat-exchanger tubes (2).
- Heat exchanger according to any one of the claims 4 to 9, characterised in that the ends (11) of the casing (12) are sealed.
- Heat exchanger tube according to claim 10, characterised in that the sealed ends (11) are so far enlarged in diameter that the ends (11) do not slide through the retaining elements (3).
- Heat exchanger according to one of the claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the foil element (6) is firmly bonded with the reinforcement means (7, 7a).
- Heat exchanger according to claim 12, characterised in that the foil element (6, 6a) is firmly bonded with the reinforcement means (7, 7a) in a range from 40% to 60% of the distance between two retaining elements (3).
- Heat exchanger according to one of the claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the heat exchanger tubes (2) are arranged on both sides of the foil elements (6, 6a).
- Heat exchanger according to one of the claims 1 to 14, characterised in that the heat exchanger tubes (2) are arranged on only one side of a foil element (6, 6a).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL14154492T PL2803929T3 (en) | 2013-05-14 | 2014-02-10 | Heat exchanger with heat exchange hoses of plastic material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102013104960 | 2013-05-14 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2803929A2 EP2803929A2 (en) | 2014-11-19 |
EP2803929A3 EP2803929A3 (en) | 2015-05-06 |
EP2803929B1 true EP2803929B1 (en) | 2016-02-10 |
Family
ID=50072947
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14154492.4A Active EP2803929B1 (en) | 2013-05-14 | 2014-02-10 | Heat exchanger with heat exchange hoses of plastic material |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2803929B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2803929T3 (en) |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3263654A (en) * | 1964-06-17 | 1966-08-02 | Combustion Eng | Apparatus for eliminating destructive, self-excited vibrations in steam generators |
US5058664A (en) * | 1990-07-13 | 1991-10-22 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Rodbaffle heat exchanger |
GB9211413D0 (en) * | 1992-05-29 | 1992-07-15 | Cesaroni Anthony Joseph | Panel heat exchanger formed from tubes and sheets |
DE102005012868B3 (en) * | 2003-09-18 | 2006-03-02 | Plasticon Germany Gmbh | Holding and guide device for heat exchanger elements has guide element passed through more than one recess in support element |
DE202006012164U1 (en) * | 2006-08-07 | 2006-10-12 | Babcock Borsig Service Gmbh | Spacer for tubular bundles in heat exchangers comprises two parts made from rigid material beveled around tubes of a heat exchanger and contacting the tubes in one plane |
DE102007017564A1 (en) * | 2007-04-12 | 2008-10-16 | Wallstein Ingenieur-Gesellschaft Mbh | Device for distancing heat exchanger tubes |
-
2014
- 2014-02-10 EP EP14154492.4A patent/EP2803929B1/en active Active
- 2014-02-10 PL PL14154492T patent/PL2803929T3/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PL2803929T3 (en) | 2016-06-30 |
EP2803929A3 (en) | 2015-05-06 |
EP2803929A2 (en) | 2014-11-19 |
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