EP2791403A2 - Metier a tisser avec contexture en chaine optimisee - Google Patents
Metier a tisser avec contexture en chaine optimiseeInfo
- Publication number
- EP2791403A2 EP2791403A2 EP12821173.7A EP12821173A EP2791403A2 EP 2791403 A2 EP2791403 A2 EP 2791403A2 EP 12821173 A EP12821173 A EP 12821173A EP 2791403 A2 EP2791403 A2 EP 2791403A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- warp
- columns
- fabric
- holes
- loom
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000347389 Serranus cabrilla Species 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03C—SHEDDING MECHANISMS; PATTERN CARDS OR CHAINS; PUNCHING OF CARDS; DESIGNING PATTERNS
- D03C3/00—Jacquards
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03C—SHEDDING MECHANISMS; PATTERN CARDS OR CHAINS; PUNCHING OF CARDS; DESIGNING PATTERNS
- D03C3/00—Jacquards
- D03C3/24—Features common to jacquards of different types
- D03C3/38—Comber boards
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D41/00—Looms not otherwise provided for, e.g. for weaving chenille yarn; Details peculiar to these looms
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D41/00—Looms not otherwise provided for, e.g. for weaving chenille yarn; Details peculiar to these looms
- D03D41/004—Looms for three-dimensional fabrics
Definitions
- FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a loom 10 of the type
- the loom 10 is equipped with a Jacquard mechanism 11 supported by a superstructure not shown in Figure 1.
- the loom 10 also comprises a harness 20 consisting of a plank 21 and control son or smooth 22, each rail 22 being connected at one end to a control hook 12 of the Jacquard mechanism 11 and at the other end to one of the return springs 13 fixed to the frame 14 of the loom 10.
- Each lug 22 comprises an eyelet 23 traversed by a warp wire 30.
- the heddles 22 and their eyelet 23 associated are driven by a substantially vertical oscillation movement represented by the double arrow F under the tensile forces exerted respectively by the hooks 12 and the return springs 13.
- the slats 22 make it possible to raise certain warp son 30 and thus to create a shed 15 allowing the introduction of weft threads 31.
- the rails 22 are spatially distributed according to the position of the holes 210 of the plank 21, that is to say along a plurality of columns 211 and lines 212.
- the density of the holes 210 in the plow board corresponds to the density of the fabric to be produced, that is to say that we find in the plow board a spacing between each column of holes equivalent to that present between each chain column in the fabric to achieve.
- Certain fibrous structures for example those intended to form reinforcements for blades made of composite material of aeronautical engines, require a very dense weaving with a particular structure in relatively tight chain to impart good mechanical strength to the piece.
- the chain contexture is the number of warp threads per unit length. Therefore, when it is desired to weave with a tight chain contexture, the space between the columns of holes in the plank is reduced, which causes the smoothing of a column, for example the smooth 22 of the column li, with the smooth of the adjacent column or columns, for example here column b.
- the rails of two adjacent columns are too close, the movement of the stringers, and more particularly their associated eyelet, is hampered by the proximity of the stringers and warp son present in the adjacent column.
- a jacquard loom for producing a fabric by weaving between a plurality of warp yarns and a plurality of weft yarns, the fabric comprising a determined number of columns of warp thread per unit length and a specified number of warp thread layers,
- said loom comprising a plow board comprising a plurality of holes for the passage of a corresponding number of control wires, each control wire being provided with an eyelet through which a warp thread passes, the holes in the board of filling being distributed according to a determined number of columns extending parallel to the direction of the warp yarns and a determined number of rows per column extending in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the warp yarns,
- plank comprises a number of hole columns per unit length less than the number of chain columns by the same length unit in the fabric and a number of hole lines greater than the number of warp plies. in the fabric.
- the number of holes per column of holes in the plank is greater than the number of warp layers in the fabric to be produced, there is a sufficient number of warp threads to form the column density and the number of layers of warp son targeted in the fabric to achieve.
- the number of columns of holes per unit length in the plank is determined according to the number of chain columns by the same length unit in the fabric and the number of rows of holes. depending on the number of layers of warp threads of the fabric. It is thus possible to optimize the distribution of the holes in the plow board according to the density of contexture referred to the fabric to achieve.
- the number of columns of holes in the plowboard can in particular correspond to the determined number of warp son columns per unit of length in the fabric divided by 1.5 while the number of rows of holes is the number of layers of warp threads multiplied by 1.5.
- the number of columns of holes in the plow board corresponds to the determined number of warp thread columns per unit length in the fabric divided by 2 while the number of lines of holes corresponds to the number of layers of warp threads multiplied by 2.
- the loom comprises a comb placed downstream of the control son in the direction of advancement of the warp son, the spacing distance between two adjacent teeth of said comb corresponding to a distance allowing to pass a number of warp yarn between two comb teeth corresponding to a divider of the number of hole columns by said length unit in the plow board and a divisor of the number of warp columns by said length unit in the fabric.
- the invention also relates to the use of the loom according to the invention for the production of fibrous reinforcement structures of blades made of composite material for aeronautical engines.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a Jacquard loom according to the prior art
- FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a Jacquard loom according to one embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a basic view showing the distribution before weaving of the warp threads issuing from a first smooth column of the loom of FIG. 2,
- FIG. 4 is a basic view showing the distribution before weaving of the warp yarns coming from a second column of healds adjacent to the first smooth column of the loom of FIG. 2
- FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view. of a plow board according to another embodiment of the invention
- Figures 6 to 9 are a basic view showing the distribution before weaving of warp son respectively from a first, second, third and fourth columns of smooth cooperating with the plow board of Figure 5.
- the invention is generally applicable to jacquard looms used in particular for producing fibrous textures or fabrics by multilayer weaving between warp and weft layers.
- the invention applies more particularly in the case of weaving fabrics having a tight texture, that is to say a large number of warp and / or weft threads per unit length.
- the contexture is usually expressed in number of threads per centimeter or inch.
- the invention proposes to distribute the density of the yarns to be woven in the depth of the plowboard of the loom, which makes it possible to increase the spacing between two smooth columns while maintaining a high density. then in the fabric. It is thus possible to weave with a density of warp yarns in the fabric greater than the maximum density allowed with a loom of the prior art.
- the plowboard comprises a number of columns of holes per unit of length less than the number of warp columns by the same length unit in the fabric and a number of lines of holes greater than the number of of chain layers of the fabric.
- the number of hole columns is determined based on the fabric chain pattern and the number of hole lines as a function of the number of layers of the fabric.
- the number of hole columns in the plow board may correspond to the fabric warp ratio divided by 1.5 while the number of hole lines corresponds to the number of warp thread layers of the fabric multiplied by 1.5.
- the number of hole columns in the plow board may correspond to the chain-weight structure of the fabric divided by 2 while the number of hole lines corresponds to the number of warp thread layers of the fabric multiplied by 2.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a loom 100 equipped with a mechanical
- the loom 100 also comprises a harness 110 consisting of a plow board 111 and control or smooth wires 113, each lug 113 being connected at one end to a control hook 1010 of the Jacquard mechanism 101 and to the other end to one of the return springs 102 fixed to the frame 103 of the loom 100.
- Each leash 113 comprises one or eyelet 114 traversed by a warp 201.
- the heddles 113 and their associated lug 114 extend into a zone D in which the heddles 113 and the eyelets 114 are driven by a substantially vertical oscillation movement represented by the double arrow F.
- the heddles 113 are subjected to tensile stresses respectively exerted by the control hooks 102 and by the return springs 105.
- the heddles 113 make it possible to lift certain warp threads 201 and thus to create a shed 104 allowing the introduction of weft threads 202.
- the heddles 113 are spatially distributed in the zone D according to the position of the holes 1110 of the planking board 111, that is to say along a plurality of columns 1111 of holes 1110 and lines 1112 of holes 1110.
- the warp yarns 201 located downstream of the comb 120 are grouped in a number of columns per unit of length greater than that of the plank and a number of layers less than the number of lines of holes. in the plowboard so as to correspond to the final density of the fabric to be manufactured.
- loom 100 makes it possible to weave a fabric having a warp thread count of 12 threads per inch, or 4.7 threads per centimeter, over 24 warp layers in the thickness of the fabric.
- the eyelets of a column of rail can then move freely, that is to say without being disturbed by too close proximity to the warp or eyelets of the or adjacent smooth columns.
- the first column of smooth li comprises 36 smooth 113a-1 to 113a-36 each respectively provided with an eyelet 114a-1 to 114a-36 in which respectively passes a warp 201a-1 to 201a-24 and 201b-13 to 201b-24.
- the second column of rails I2 comprises 36 rails 113b-1 to 113b-36 respectively provided with an eyelet 114b-1 to 114b-36 respectively, in which a chain thread 201b-1 to 201b respectively passes -12 and 201c-1 to 201c-24.
- FIG. 3 shows how the warp yarns issuing from the first smooth column li are distributed downstream of the comb 120, that is to say at the level of the crowd 104.
- the first 24 threads of chains 201a-1 to 201a Passing respectively through the eyelets 114a-1 to 114a-24 respectively associated with the rails 113a-1 to 113a-24 form the first column of wire Cl of the shed 104 while the last 12 son of chains 201b-13 to 201b Passing respectively through the eyelets 114a-25 to 114a-36 respectively associated with the rails 113a-25 to 113a-36 form part of the second column of chain wires C2 of the shed 104.
- FIG. 4 shows how the warp yarns issuing from the second column of rails I2 are distributed downstream of the comb 120, that is to say at the level of the shed 104.
- the first 12 warp threads 201b-1 to 201b Crossing respectively the eyelets 114b-1 to 114b-12 respectively associated with the rails 113b-1 to 113b-12 form the other part of the second column of C2 chain son of the crowd 104 while the last 24 son of chains 201c-1 to 201c-24 passing respectively eyelets 114b-13 to 114b-36 respectively associated with the smooth 113b-13 to 113b-36 form the third column of chain C3 son of the crowd 104.
- the spacing distance between two adjacent teeth of the comb preferably corresponds to a distance making it possible to pass a number of warp threads between two teeth of the comb corresponding to a divider of the number of columns of holes. per unit length in the plank as well as a divisor of the number of chain columns by the same length unit in the fabric.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a harness 210 consisting of a plank 211 which differs from the plank 111 of FIG. 2 in that it also makes it possible to weave a fabric having a warp texture of 12 threads per inch, or 4.7 threads per centimeter, on 24 layers of warp in the thickness of the fabric but with smooth columns each comprising 48 smooth and associated eyelets and using one eyelet out of two in each column of stringer.
- a fabric having a warp texture of 12 threads per inch, or 4.7 threads per centimeter on 24 layers of warp in the thickness of the fabric but with smooth columns each comprising 48 smooth and associated eyelets and using one eyelet out of two in each column of stringer.
- the plank 211 of the loom is shown in Figure 5, the other elements of the loom being identical to those of Figure 2 taking into account the increase in the number of healds by columns and their associated eyelet.
- a warp thread is passed through only one eyelet out of two in each column of stringers with an offset between two adjacent columns of stringers, which makes it possible to space even more apart. others the grommets intended to lift the warp threads.
- the heddles 213 are spatially distributed according to the position of the holes 2110 of the plank 211, that is to say along a plurality of columns 2111 of holes 2110 and lines 2112 of holes 2110.
- FIG. 6 shows how the warp yarns are distributed in the first column of rails 213a-1 to 213a-48.
- the 24 warp threads 301a-1 to 301a-24 pass respectively through the eyelets 214a-1, 214a-3, ... 214a-47 respectively associated with the heddles 213a-1, 213a-3, ... to 213a-47. and form the first column of Cl chain wires of the crowd.
- FIG. 7 shows how the warp yarns are distributed in the second column of rails 213b-1 to 213b-48.
- the 24 son of chains 301b-1 through 301b-24 pass respectively through the eyelets 214b-2, 214b-4, ... 214b-48 associated respectively with the rails 213b-2, 213b-4, ... to 213b-48 and form the second string column C2 of the crowd.
- FIG. 8 shows how the warp yarns are distributed in the third column of rails 213c-1 to 213c-48.
- the 24 son of chains 301c-1 to 301C-24 pass through the eyelets 214c-1, 214c-3, ... 214c-47 respectively associated with the 213c-213c-3, 213c-47 smooth-47 and form the third column of chain wires C2 of the crowd.
- FIG. 9 shows how the warp yarns are distributed in the fourth column of rails 213d-1 at 213d-48.
- the 24 son of chains 301d-1 to 301d-24 pass respectively eyelets 214d-2, 214d-4, ... at 214d-48 respectively associated with the heddles 213d-2, 213d-4, ... to 213d-48 and form the fourth column of C4 chain son of the crowd.
- the following table shows how the warp threads are taken from the harness.
- the warp son from the smooth columns are folded and organized by the comb 240 according to the number of columns and layers of warp son defined for the fabric.
- the warp son from the smooth columns are folded and organized by the comb 240 according to the number of columns and layers of warp son defined for the fabric.
- four columns of 48 smooth found at the crowd four columns of 24 warp son, namely a first son column 301a-1 to 301a-24, a second son column 301b-1 to 301b- 24, a third column of wires 301c-1 to 301c-24 and a fourth column of wires 301d-1 to 301d-24, which makes it possible to find, at the weaving site, warp threads with weft threads, the target density of warp yarns for the fabric.
- the distance d24i between two adjacent teeth 241 of the comb 240 corresponds to the distance dH between two columns 2111 of holes 2110 in the plank 211 as well as to the distance between two chain columns in the fabric divided by 2, four columns of warp threads being present between two adjacent teeth 121 of the comb 120.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Looms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201161570422P | 2011-12-14 | 2011-12-14 | |
PCT/FR2012/052849 WO2013088037A2 (fr) | 2011-12-14 | 2012-12-10 | Metier a tisser avec contexture en chaine optimisee |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2791403A2 true EP2791403A2 (fr) | 2014-10-22 |
EP2791403B1 EP2791403B1 (fr) | 2016-11-09 |
Family
ID=47664362
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12821173.7A Active EP2791403B1 (fr) | 2011-12-14 | 2012-12-10 | Metier a tisser avec contexture en chaine optimisee |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9200385B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2791403B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP6104932B2 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN104160079B (fr) |
BR (1) | BR112014014567B1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2858788C (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2613951T3 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2603593C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2013088037A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2970715B1 (fr) * | 2011-01-21 | 2014-10-17 | Snecma | Structure fibreuse tissee multicouches ayant une partie tubulaire creuse, procede de fabrication et piece composite la comportant |
FR3037976B1 (fr) | 2015-06-29 | 2017-08-04 | Snecma | Systeme d'appel de fils pour tissage et procede de tissage d'une structure fibreuse de renfort de pieces en materiau composite |
US9725832B1 (en) * | 2016-02-09 | 2017-08-08 | Albany Engineered Composites, Inc. | Weaving multilayer products using multiple warp columns and heddle columns |
ES2941258T3 (es) * | 2016-05-16 | 2023-05-19 | Georgia Tech Res Inst | Sistemas y procedimientos para la fabricación continua de materiales compuestos tejidos |
EP3425095B1 (fr) * | 2017-07-07 | 2020-09-30 | Groz-Beckert KG | Peigne de métier et son procédé de fabrication |
FR3085297B1 (fr) | 2018-08-29 | 2020-11-06 | Safran | Procede de fabrication d'une piece composite de turbomachine |
FR3088023B1 (fr) | 2018-11-07 | 2022-01-14 | Safran | Fabrication d'une preforme tissee pour la realisation d'une piece de turbomachine |
CN109594179A (zh) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-09 | 中材科技股份有限公司 | 一种纤维层连织物的布纱方法 |
CN111177809B (zh) | 2019-12-31 | 2021-09-21 | 南京玻璃纤维研究设计院有限公司 | 一种纹织图生成方法、装置、电子设备及可读存储介质 |
CN113122986B (zh) * | 2021-03-29 | 2023-04-07 | 南京玻璃纤维研究设计院有限公司 | 一种超高密度开口装置 |
FR3144772A1 (fr) | 2023-01-11 | 2024-07-12 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Pièce composite munie d'un élément de marquage co-injecté |
Family Cites Families (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2704557A (en) * | 1955-03-22 | Loom for producing fancy lend weaves | ||
US3749138A (en) * | 1969-01-06 | 1973-07-31 | Hitco | Thick fabrics |
CH563044A5 (fr) * | 1972-12-01 | 1975-06-13 | Universal Det S A R L | |
CH593363A5 (fr) * | 1975-06-12 | 1977-11-30 | Staeubli Ag | |
US4513789A (en) * | 1983-06-13 | 1985-04-30 | The Baxter Corporation | Jacquard harness attachment mechanism |
JP2507879B2 (ja) * | 1987-08-11 | 1996-06-19 | 工業技術院長 | 三次元織機の筬打ち装置 |
JPH01207438A (ja) * | 1988-02-13 | 1989-08-21 | Masaru Yoshida | タテ糸密度の調節可能なジャカード製織方法及びその装置 |
CN2110645U (zh) * | 1991-12-06 | 1992-07-22 | 周七麟 | 电子提花开口机构 |
ATE194019T1 (de) * | 1995-04-06 | 2000-07-15 | Alexander Buesgen | Verfahren zum weben einer drei-dimensional geformten gewebezone |
DE19731447A1 (de) * | 1997-07-22 | 1999-01-28 | Textilma Ag | Webharnisch und Jaquardwebmaschine mit Webharnisch |
FR2825723B1 (fr) * | 2001-06-08 | 2003-08-08 | Staubli Lyon | Organe de guidage, harnais jacquard et dispositif de formation de la foule incorporant un tel organe et procede de guidage des fils d'arcade d'un metier jacquard |
FR2826671B1 (fr) * | 2001-06-29 | 2003-09-12 | Staubli Lyon | Dispositif de formation de la foule sur un metier a tisser de type jacquard |
CN2576738Y (zh) * | 2002-10-23 | 2003-10-01 | 上海汉森织造手帕厂 | 手帕织造用提花机目板改进结构 |
CN2641076Y (zh) * | 2003-06-27 | 2004-09-15 | 王学培 | 电子提花装置 |
FR2861143B1 (fr) * | 2003-10-20 | 2006-01-20 | Snecma Moteurs | Aube de turbomachine, notamment aube de soufflante et son procede de fabrication |
US7077167B2 (en) * | 2004-06-14 | 2006-07-18 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Bias weaving machine |
FR2907800B1 (fr) * | 2006-10-27 | 2009-03-20 | Airbus France Sas | Tissage tridimensionnel surfacique |
FR2907803B1 (fr) * | 2006-10-27 | 2009-01-23 | Airbus France Sas | Systeme de tissage d'un angle continu |
CN101338468A (zh) * | 2007-07-04 | 2009-01-07 | 维科控股集团股份有限公司 | 一种特高支高密特宽大提花床上用品面料及其生产方法 |
FR2933634B1 (fr) * | 2008-07-10 | 2010-08-27 | Snecma | Aube redresseur de soufflante en composite 3d |
FR2940173B1 (fr) * | 2008-12-23 | 2013-02-08 | Snecma | Procede de fabrication d'une piece de forme par tissage 3d et piece de forme ainsi obtenue. |
FR2954271B1 (fr) * | 2009-12-21 | 2012-02-17 | Snecma | Pale d'helice d'aeronef |
FR2962175B1 (fr) * | 2010-07-02 | 2012-08-10 | Snecma | Aube a longeron composite integre |
CA2858926C (fr) * | 2011-12-14 | 2019-11-26 | Snecma | Structure fibreuse avec fils a titre variable |
RU2617298C2 (ru) * | 2011-12-14 | 2017-04-24 | Снекма | Волокнистая армирующая структура для изделия из композитного материала, имеющего участок уменьшенной толщины |
-
2012
- 2012-12-10 WO PCT/FR2012/052849 patent/WO2013088037A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2012-12-10 RU RU2014128547/12A patent/RU2603593C2/ru active
- 2012-12-10 ES ES12821173.7T patent/ES2613951T3/es active Active
- 2012-12-10 US US14/365,018 patent/US9200385B2/en active Active
- 2012-12-10 EP EP12821173.7A patent/EP2791403B1/fr active Active
- 2012-12-10 JP JP2014546602A patent/JP6104932B2/ja active Active
- 2012-12-10 CA CA2858788A patent/CA2858788C/fr active Active
- 2012-12-10 BR BR112014014567-9A patent/BR112014014567B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2012-12-10 CN CN201280062099.7A patent/CN104160079B/zh active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2013088037A2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20150114511A1 (en) | 2015-04-30 |
JP6104932B2 (ja) | 2017-03-29 |
BR112014014567A8 (pt) | 2017-07-04 |
RU2014128547A (ru) | 2016-02-10 |
CA2858788A1 (fr) | 2013-06-20 |
EP2791403B1 (fr) | 2016-11-09 |
RU2603593C2 (ru) | 2016-11-27 |
US9200385B2 (en) | 2015-12-01 |
WO2013088037A2 (fr) | 2013-06-20 |
BR112014014567A2 (pt) | 2017-06-13 |
JP2015505915A (ja) | 2015-02-26 |
CN104160079B (zh) | 2016-02-10 |
CN104160079A (zh) | 2014-11-19 |
ES2613951T3 (es) | 2017-05-29 |
BR112014014567B1 (pt) | 2021-02-02 |
CA2858788C (fr) | 2019-05-21 |
WO2013088037A3 (fr) | 2014-02-20 |
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