EP2786769A1 - Unité de filtration électriquement isolée en matériau synthétique et ioniseur pour la séparation électrostatique de poussières fines dans des gaines de ventilation - Google Patents

Unité de filtration électriquement isolée en matériau synthétique et ioniseur pour la séparation électrostatique de poussières fines dans des gaines de ventilation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2786769A1
EP2786769A1 EP14156076.3A EP14156076A EP2786769A1 EP 2786769 A1 EP2786769 A1 EP 2786769A1 EP 14156076 A EP14156076 A EP 14156076A EP 2786769 A1 EP2786769 A1 EP 2786769A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filter
unit
air
unit according
charging
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Application number
EP14156076.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2786769B1 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Dipl.-Ing. Siegmund
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/12—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by separation of ionising and collecting stations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/192—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by electrical means, e.g. by applying electrostatic fields or high voltages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/02—Plant or installations having external electricity supply
    • B03C3/04—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type
    • B03C3/14—Plant or installations having external electricity supply dry type characterised by the additional use of mechanical effects, e.g. gravity
    • B03C3/155—Filtration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/38—Particle charging or ionising stations, e.g. using electric discharge, radioactive radiation or flames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34—Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/40—Electrode constructions
    • B03C3/41—Ionising-electrodes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/108—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering using dry filter elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/183—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by centrifugal separation, e.g. using vortices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/30—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by ionisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/39—Monitoring filter performance

Definitions

  • filters are often used one behind the other. Overcoming the air resistance of existing in an air conditioner filter stages or an added filter usually cause 30 - 60% of the total drive energy required.
  • Other methods utilize the capability of special conductive plastic filter material to retain the particulate matter in the filter via electrostatic precipitation. Other methods use ionizers to bind fine dust in front of the filter on the ventilation duct and in the filter by electrostatic attraction.
  • filters to improve the degree of separation through their additional increased electrostatic charge by means of special plastic fabric, so-called electret filter.
  • electret filter usually polypropylene fibers, have a permanent electrical surface charge, without supplying electrical energy, and lead to an improved attachment of charged fine particles and dusts.
  • Filter methods based on electrostatic filter material have the disadvantage that the power decreases in proportion to the degree of separation.
  • the deposition of particles on the electrically conductive material increases its electrical Resistance.
  • the material is practically isolated with the structure of the particle layer.
  • methods and technical solutions use upstream ionization units. This leads to two other unwanted effects. First, fine dust in the immediate vicinity of the ion generator by the construction of an electric field to the channel wall, which is practically grounded, sedimented on the channel, resulting in an increased effort of the channel cleaning and a strong impairment of the sanitary condition of the system. Furthermore, an electric field builds up between the ion generators and the channel in such a way that a capacitor effect arises on the channel wall.
  • the resulting voltages can be well over 20,000 V (20 kV). For health and safety reasons, this is not permitted.
  • the charging voltage of the channel increases in the second power with the reduction of the diameter, ie the distance from the ion generator to the wall. Especially with air ducts for small systems such as residential ventilation or branched networks uncontrolled discharges can occur over the channel to the environment. Furthermore, this effect means that the charging of the channel considerable power, which is actually required for the charging of the air flow and the particles contained therein, lost.
  • the object of the invention is to increase the degree of separation of air filters made of synthetic material and thus the performance in terms of the deposition of fine dust by their electrostatic attraction using previous electrostatic charge so that the actually air-bearing Channel is charged only slightly or not electrically and for air resistance reduction, a filter can be used, which manages compared to conventional, otherwise necessary higher filter classes, with much larger mesh sizes and thereby electrostatic precipitates particles that can otherwise only be filtered out mechanically over smaller mesh sizes.
  • the object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1.
  • a charging unit for electrostatic charging of the room air is arranged so that a voltage difference between the now charged air flow and the filter material, which consists of synthetic, devisannifestITAdem Material exists.
  • the voltage difference can be achieved by separately grounding the filter material or by applying a Jacobpoles to the electrostatic charging unit of the air by generating an electric field between the charging unit and filter.
  • the peculiarity is that when a counter-pole is applied, it can be regulated or coupled with the voltage generation of the generator of the electrostatic field and controlled so that the electrical surface tension of the synthetic filter material does not fluctuate more than +/- 30% relative to the initial state and thus the insulation effect is compensated by separated fine dusts on the filter material.
  • the channel from the generator of the electrostatic field, preferably an ionizer, to the mechanical filter is lined at least with an electrically insulating and little or no conductive material or a material having a rectified charge as the electrostatic charging unit, or consists entirely such material, so that no capacitor effect on the air duct occurs.
  • the entire construction can be used as an independent assembly in an existing one Channel inserted or an existing channel can be modified to this effect.
  • the separation efficiency is maintained almost independently of the already deposited filter cake.
  • the material for the air filter e.g. Polypropylene, glass fiber fleece or polyester fleece can be used.
  • Advantage of the invention is that by the electrically neutral or rectified in their charge channel wall of the otherwise always occurring capacitor effect is not or only significantly reduced, is present and deposit less dust particles, especially fine dust by electrostatics on it.
  • Another advantage of the solution according to the invention is that the fine dust deposited by electrostatics on the surface-conductive plastic material of the filter and this deposition effect by the field structure between electrostatic charging unit, which is preferably an ion generator, and filter due to the isolation of the filter against the channel wall and the additional grounding of the filter or the connection of a counterpole to the ion generator to the filter by at least a factor of 2 is increased.
  • electrostatic charging unit which is preferably an ion generator
  • Fig. 1 shows the installation in a ventilation duct with insulation and opposite charging of the filter material to the ion generator.
  • a ventilation duct 1 is an applied to the wall used, electrically non-conductive and the ventilation duct 1 over a distance from the ionization unit 3 to the removable air filter 2 against the ionizer 3 insulating material 6.
  • the ionization unit 3 is a power unit (power supply, Voltage source) 4 upstream, with only the negatively charged output 8 is connected to the ionization unit.
  • the positive output 7 is placed directly on the air filter 2, so that builds up an electric field between the ionization unit 3 and the air filter due to the voltage difference and the air filter material by its opposite charge to the ionizer and thereby electrically charged in the supply air particles and particulate matter attracts.
  • the power unit 4 is followed by a control or regulating unit 5, which on the one hand can measure the voltage difference between the ionization unit 3 and the air filter 2 and can reduce this voltage difference by reducing the power of the power unit 4 of the ionizer by reducing this by fine dust deposits.
  • the replaceable air filter 2 is protected by the installation in the insulating material 6 against discharge to the ventilation duct 1.
  • Fig. 2 shows the installation in a ventilation duct with simple insulation and earthing of the filter material.
  • a ventilation duct 1 is an applied to the wall used, electrically non-conductive and the ventilation duct 1 over a distance from the ionization unit 3 to the removable air filter 2 against the ionizer 3 insulating material 6.
  • the ionization unit 3 is a power unit (power supply, Voltage source) 4 upstream, with only the negatively charged output 8 is connected to the ionization unit.
  • the replaceable air filter 2 is protected by the installation in the insulating material 6 against discharge to the ventilation duct 1 and discharges only via the grounded to the ventilation duct 1 ground.
  • 9 Fig. 3 shows the installation in a ventilation device for home ventilation with insulation and grounding of the filter material.
  • outside air 10 is sucked through a ventilation duct 1 through a ventilation unit with a cross-flow heat exchanger 14 into a building and fed to the room as conditioned supply air 11 via a cavity floor 15 or air duct.
  • the required air filter 2 made of synthetic material is designed as a compact filter ion unit 19, consisting of the actual air filter 2, an electrical insulation 6, an air filter earthing 9, an ionization unit 3, and a power unit 4 with a negative current output 8 and anchored in the channel 1.
  • the air filter 2 itself is designed to be changeable.
  • This compact filter ion unit 19 charges fine dust particles electrostatically so that they are securely bound in the filter by electrostatic deposition on the filter fabric.
  • the exhaust air 12 of the room is guided via the ventilation system and the cross-flow heat exchanger 14 as exhaust air to the outside.
  • the filter ion unit 19 secures by their increased separation efficiency that a filter material with a larger mesh size can be used and thus the power consumption of the fan 20 fails lower, which energy can be saved at the same or increased air quality of the supply air 11.
  • Fig. 4 shows the installation in a ventilation unit for domestic ventilation with insulation and grounding of the filter material to relieve a buried supply air duct.
  • outside air 10 is sucked into a building via a first buried and therefore difficult to access ventilation duct 16 through a ventilation unit with a cross-flow heat exchanger 14 and the space supplied as conditioned supply air 11 via a cavity floor 15 or air duct.
  • the required air filter 2 of synthetic material is designed as a compact filter ion unit 19, consisting of the actual air filter 2, an electrical insulation 6, an air filter earthing 9, an ionization unit 3, and a power unit 4 with a negative current output 8 and anchored in the channel 1.
  • the air filter 2 itself is designed to be changeable.
  • This compact filter ion unit 19 is mounted in the intake dome 17 at the entrance of the duct 16.
  • the filter ion unit 19 charges fine dust particles electrostatically so that they are securely bound in the filter by electrostatic deposition on the filter fabric.
  • the necessary power supply of the ion unit is self-sufficient, in this case via a photovoltaic system with energy storage, similar to the principle of operation of solar lights or by conventional power supply.
  • Fig. 5 shows the installation as a compact unit in a ventilation duct with insulation to the sewer pipe wall, electrically rectified charging the inside of the compact unit to the electric charging unit, preferably an ionizer and the grounding of the filter material.
  • a ventilation duct 1 is an applied to the wall used, electrically non-conductive and the ventilation duct 1 over a distance from the ionization unit 3 to the removable air filter 2 against the ionizer 3 insulating material 6.
  • the air-bearing inside of the insulating material 6 is a electrically conductive layer 22 and has the same charge or voltage as the electric charging unit, which is designed as ionization unit 3.
  • the ionization unit 3 is preceded by a power section 4, wherein only the negatively charged output 8 is connected to the ionization unit and the electrically conductive layer 22.
  • the electrically conductive layer 22 on the insulating material 6 has no mechanical or electrical contact with the interchangeable air filter 2.
  • the removable air filter 2 is protected by the installation in the insulating material 6 against discharge to the ventilation duct 1 and discharges only to the ventilation duct isolated grounding.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
EP14156076.3A 2013-03-06 2014-02-21 Unité de filtration électriquement isolée en matériau synthétique et ioniseur pour la séparation électrostatique de poussières fines dans des gaines de ventilation Active EP2786769B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202013100972.5U DE202013100972U1 (de) 2013-03-06 2013-03-06 Elektrisch isolierte Filtereinheit aus synthetischem Material und Ionisator zur elektrostatischen Abscheidung von Feinstäuben in Lüftungskanälen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2786769A1 true EP2786769A1 (fr) 2014-10-08
EP2786769B1 EP2786769B1 (fr) 2016-05-25

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EP14156076.3A Active EP2786769B1 (fr) 2013-03-06 2014-02-21 Unité de filtration électriquement isolée en matériau synthétique et ioniseur pour la séparation électrostatique de poussières fines dans des gaines de ventilation

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EP (1) EP2786769B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE202013100972U1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017222457A1 (fr) * 2016-06-22 2017-12-28 Blueair Ab Dispositif de traitement de l'air
DE102021132295A1 (de) 2021-12-08 2023-06-15 RL-Raumlufttechnik und Raumluftqualität Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Vorrichtung zum Filtern eines mit Partikeln verunreinigten Luftstroms

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2732491A1 (de) 1977-03-28 1978-10-12 Nitta Belt Kk Anordnung zum aufrechterhalten einer elektrischen ladung bei einem elektret-filtermedium fuer luftfilter
DE10007523A1 (de) 2000-02-18 2001-09-06 Lk Luftqualitaet Ag Reussbuehl Verfahren zur Luftbehandlung durch Ionisation sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
FR2864143A1 (fr) * 2003-12-19 2005-06-24 Renault Sas Systeme de filtration electrostatique pour les gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion interne
US20080170971A1 (en) * 2006-08-09 2008-07-17 Airinspace B.V. Air purification devices
EP1440695B1 (fr) 2003-01-21 2009-07-01 Helmut Dipl.-Ing. Siegmund Dispositif pour activer l'oxygène provenant de l'air pour la destruction de COVs et des germes ainsi que pour maintenir des concentrations en oxygène et en ozone égales à celles rencontrées dans la nature
FR2928272A1 (fr) * 2008-03-04 2009-09-11 Dalkia France Soc En Commandit Procede de desinfection d'un reseau de ventilation et son dispositif.

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2732491A1 (de) 1977-03-28 1978-10-12 Nitta Belt Kk Anordnung zum aufrechterhalten einer elektrischen ladung bei einem elektret-filtermedium fuer luftfilter
DE10007523A1 (de) 2000-02-18 2001-09-06 Lk Luftqualitaet Ag Reussbuehl Verfahren zur Luftbehandlung durch Ionisation sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
EP1440695B1 (fr) 2003-01-21 2009-07-01 Helmut Dipl.-Ing. Siegmund Dispositif pour activer l'oxygène provenant de l'air pour la destruction de COVs et des germes ainsi que pour maintenir des concentrations en oxygène et en ozone égales à celles rencontrées dans la nature
FR2864143A1 (fr) * 2003-12-19 2005-06-24 Renault Sas Systeme de filtration electrostatique pour les gaz d'echappement d'un moteur a combustion interne
US20080170971A1 (en) * 2006-08-09 2008-07-17 Airinspace B.V. Air purification devices
FR2928272A1 (fr) * 2008-03-04 2009-09-11 Dalkia France Soc En Commandit Procede de desinfection d'un reseau de ventilation et son dispositif.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE202013100972U1 (de) 2014-06-12
EP2786769B1 (fr) 2016-05-25

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