EP2786001A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum steuern einer kraftstoffregelers - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zum steuern einer kraftstoffregelersInfo
- Publication number
- EP2786001A1 EP2786001A1 EP12794925.3A EP12794925A EP2786001A1 EP 2786001 A1 EP2786001 A1 EP 2786001A1 EP 12794925 A EP12794925 A EP 12794925A EP 2786001 A1 EP2786001 A1 EP 2786001A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lambda
- value
- exhaust
- controller
- probe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title description 14
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 Hydrocarbons HC Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1477—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the regulation circuit or part of it,(e.g. comparator, PI regulator, output)
- F02D41/1483—Proportional component
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1454—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1486—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor with correction for particular operating conditions
- F02D41/1488—Inhibiting the regulation
- F02D41/1489—Replacing of the control value by a constant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
- F02D2041/1413—Controller structures or design
- F02D2041/1422—Variable gain or coefficients
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine, wherein an exhaust gas generated by the internal combustion engine is guided over a arranged in an exhaust passage 3-way catalyst.
- Processes for lambda control in internal combustion engines can be used to reduce the emissions of harmful exhaust gases into the environment.
- at least one catalyst can be arranged in the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine.
- a lambda probe can be arranged in the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine.
- the mixture is operated in stoichiometric operation with a fixed modulation amplitude and frequency alternately slightly rich or slightly lean to increase the cleaning effect of a downstream catalyst.
- Catalysts according to the current state of the art thus achieve their maximum exhaust gas purification efficiency, if they are applied on average with a lambda value which is slightly less than 1, see Figure 3.
- the scheme must therefore be able to adjust predetermined shifts in the mean lambda setpoint, for example, by preset delta lambda values or by interventions of a possible trim control behind the catalyst.
- Gap probes which generate a signal according to the Nernst principle provide a signal, as illustrated by way of example in FIG.
- this may be, for example, a voltage threshold of about 450mV.
- FIG. 4 shows in the upper part the course of the probe signal versus time, with the x-axis being set to a threshold value of the jump probe for the stoichiometric point (for example 450 mV).
- the lower part of FIG. 4 shows a profile of the controller intervention over time.
- the internal combustion engine is consequently in a rich operating mode and above the x-axes in a lean operating mode.
- the changeover of the controller if a defined switching point is reached, for example, the 450mV threshold of
- Probe signal as is the case at the times t1, t3 and t4. It can also be seen how at the time t1, the controller is stopped, and only at time t2, the switching takes place. The same is the case at the time t4, at which the controller is stopped until the time t5.
- An average lambda deviation in the catalytic converter is only correct if oxygen entry and discharge into the
- Catalyst are the same on average. This is not only due to the lambda value of the
- an exhaust gas generated by the internal combustion engine is passed over a 3-way catalyst arranged in the exhaust passage.
- An O2 sensor detects a variable characteristic of an exhaust lambda in front of the 3-way catalytic converter and forwards it to an engine control unit with integrated controller.
- a mean exhaust lambda A m is set and the average exhaust lambda A m with a predetermined periodic setpoint variation alternately in the direction of a lean lambda value and a
- a controller deviation AR between a current controller actual value R1 and a current controller setpoint is formed and a new controller setpoint R2 by adding the 2-fold controller deviation AR to the current controller actual value R1 determined.
- the average exhaust gas lambda A m in the range from 0.98 to 0.998 and the new controller setpoint value R2 is determined in the transition in the direction of lean lambda value.
- the invention is based on the finding that an adjustment of the average exhaust lambda A m to a value slightly below 1 takes into account much better dynamic deviations in lambda, if the shift of the average exhaust lambda A m not over the specification of a dead time, but as an offset over the controller is set directly.
- the current controller actual value R1 at a time t1 at which the lambda probe, in particular jump lambda probe, a threshold value A s crosses toward the lean mode of operation recorded.
- the remaining lambda deviation AA to the current lambda desired value is detected, that is, the correlating controller deviation AR determined.
- the latter value is multiplied by 2 and added to the current controller actual value R1 to provide a new controller reference value R2.
- a control intervention in the direction of lean can take place if, for example, a mean exhaust lambda A m of> 1 is to be specified in trim control downstream of the 3-way catalytic converter.
- a mean lambda of the setpoint variation of a cycle then results as the sum over the lean and rich modulation half-wave.
- By shifting 2 * ⁇ at each lean half-wave, on average, exactly the desired deviation from the stoichiometric point for the mean exhaust lambda A m will be established.
- Preset lambda shifts, control adjustments (for example trim control based on an additional probe behind the catalytic converter) or deviations of the control system can be used
- the new controller setpoint R2 is determined during the transition in the direction of the rich lambda value.
- control device for controlling an operation of an internal combustion engine, which is set up for carrying out the method according to the invention.
- the controller may include a computer-readable control algorithm for performing the method.
- the control unit is an integral part of the engine control unit.
- Figure 1 shows a schematic structure of an internal combustion engine with a
- FIG. 2 shows a characteristic curve of a jump lambda probe
- FIG. 5 shows a profile of the exhaust lambda and regulator intervention after
- a method according to the invention for achieving a lambda lambda modulation slightly below ⁇ 1 average exhaust lambda A m .
- FIG. 1 shows schematically the structure of an internal combustion engine 10 with a downstream exhaust system.
- the internal combustion engine 10 may be a spark ignition engine (gasoline engine). With regard to their fuel supply, they can have a direct injection fuel supply, so working with internal mixture formation, or have a pilot fuel injection and thus work with external mixture formation.
- the internal combustion engine 10 can be operated homogeneously, wherein in the entire combustion chamber of a cylinder, there is a homogeneous air-fuel mixture at the ignition point, or in an inhomogeneous mode (stratified charge mode), in which at the time of ignition a comparatively rich air-fuel mixture, especially in the area of a spark plug, is present, which is surrounded by a very lean mixture in the remaining combustion chamber.
- the internal combustion engine 10 can be operated with different air-fuel mixtures whose composition can be varied in particular in a range around the stoichiometric point around.
- the exhaust system comprises an exhaust manifold, which merges the exhaust gas of the individual cylinders of the internal combustion engine 10 into an exhaust gas channel 16.
- various exhaust gas purifying components may be present.
- Essential within the scope of the present invention is a 3-way catalyst 20 arranged in the exhaust gas duct 16.
- the 3-way catalyst 20 has a coating of catalytically active components, such as platinum, rhodium and / or palladium, on a porous catalyst support, for example, from Al 2 0 3 , are applied.
- the coating further comprises a
- Oxygen storage component such as cerium oxide (Ce0 2 ) and / or zirconium oxide (Zr0 2 ), which determines the oxygen storage capacity (OSC) of the 3-way catalyst 20.
- OSC oxygen storage capacity
- the 3-way catalyst 20 can reduce nitrogen oxides NO x to nitrogen N 2 and oxygen 0 2 .
- stoichiometric or slightly lean operation will be unburned
- the exhaust duct 16 may contain various sensors, in particular gas and temperature sensors. Shown here is a lambda probe 26, which is arranged at a position close to the engine in the exhaust gas channel 16.
- the lambda probe 26 may be designed as a jump lambda probe and allows in a known manner the lambda control of the
- various parameters of the internal combustion engine 10, in particular the engine speed and the engine load are read from the engine control unit 28.
- the fuel supply as well as the air supply are regulated so that a desired fuel mass and a desired air mass are supplied to a desired air-fuel mixture (the exhaust gas).
- Solllambda The air-fuel mixture is determined as a function of the operating point of the internal combustion engine 10, in particular the engine speed and the engine load from maps.
- the internal combustion engine 10 is operated continuously with a mean exhaust lambda A m slightly below the stoichiometric composition, wherein the
- Internal combustion engine 10 supplied air-fuel ratio with a predetermined oscillation frequency and a predetermined oscillation amplitude around this average lambda value periodically alternately in the direction of a lean lambda value and a
- the oscillation frequency and the oscillation amplitude are further selected so that a minimum conversion rate of unburned hydrocarbons (HC) and / or carbon monoxide (CO) and / or nitrogen oxides (NO x ) is present at the 3-way catalytic coating 22, wherein the minimum conversion rate of statutory Limit values.
- the oscillation frequency is determined as a function of a current operating point of the internal combustion engine 10, in particular as a function of the engine load and / or engine rotational speed.
- the oscillation amplitude can also be determined as a function of the OSC.
- a controller implemented in the engine control unit 28 thus regulates the operation of the engine
- Internal combustion engine 10 to represent a desired exhaust target lambda.
- Controllers automatically influence one or more physical variables to a predetermined level while reducing disturbing influences.
- controllers within a control loop continuously compare the signal of the setpoint with the measured and returned actual value of the controlled variable and determine from the difference between the two variables
- Control deviation (control difference) - a manipulated variable which influences the controlled system in such a way that the control deviation becomes a minimum. Because the individual control circuit elements have a time response, the controller must increase the value of the control deviation and at the same time compensate for the time behavior of the path so that the controlled variable reaches the desired value in the desired manner. Incorrectly set controllers make the control loop too slow, lead to a large system deviation or to undamped oscillations of the control system
- a continuous controller with proportional, integral and optionally differential behavior (PI or PID)
- P, PI, PD and PID proportional, integral and optionally differential behavior
- a PID controller therefore consists of the proportions of the P-element, the I-element and the D-element
- the P-element provides a contribution to the manipulated variable, which is proportional to the system deviation I-element acts by time integration of the control deviation on the manipulated variable with a weighting by the reset time.
- the D-element is a differentiator, which is only used in conjunction with regulators with P and / or I behavior as a controller. He does not react to the level of the control deviation, but only to the rate of change.
- Figure 5 According to the lambda modulation is carried out as shown in Figure 5 by way of example.
- a trace of the probe signal versus time is shown, with the x-axis set at a threshold value of the jump probe for the stoichiometric point (for example, 450 mV).
- the lower portion of Figure 5 is a course of
- the controller value is multiplied by the amount of fuel supplied, ie it is directly correlated to the lambda value.
- the controller actual value R1 is recorded according to the invention.
- Controller deviation AR is now multiplied by 2 and added to controller actual value R1. This results in the target of the new controller setpoint R2. The controller then continues to run at the parameters intended for the new operating state, until the controller setpoint R2 has been reached. Likewise, at time t4 proceed.
- Lambda modulation now results as the sum over the lean and rich modulation half-wave, ie in this example as a mean between the times t2 and t3.
- An average of the average lambdas of successive cycles should then correspond to the desired mean exhaust gas lambda A m. Due to the shift of 2 * ⁇ in the case of one half-wave, on average exactly the desired deviation ⁇ results.
- a m mean exhaust lambda
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE201110087300 DE102011087300A1 (de) | 2011-11-29 | 2011-11-29 | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine sowie zur Ausführung des Verfahrens eingerichtetes Steuergerät |
PCT/EP2012/073473 WO2013079406A1 (de) | 2011-11-29 | 2012-11-23 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum steuern einer kraftstoffregelers |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2786001A1 true EP2786001A1 (de) | 2014-10-08 |
EP2786001B1 EP2786001B1 (de) | 2015-07-22 |
Family
ID=47278799
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP12794925.3A Active EP2786001B1 (de) | 2011-11-29 | 2012-11-23 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum steuern eines kraftstoffregelers |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2786001B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102011087300A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2013079406A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202015004385U1 (de) * | 2015-06-20 | 2016-11-02 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Gesetzen des Staates Delaware) | Computerprogramm zum Betrieb eines Antriebssystems |
DE102016219689A1 (de) * | 2016-10-11 | 2018-04-12 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Steuereinrichtung zur Regelung einer Sauerstoff-Beladung eines Dreiwege-Katalysators |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3259967B2 (ja) * | 1990-06-01 | 2002-02-25 | ローベルト ボツシユ ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング | 燃料と空気の混合気を適応調節する方法 |
DE4125154C2 (de) * | 1991-07-30 | 2001-02-22 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Lambdasonden-Überwachung bei einer Brennkraftmaschine |
DE19728926C1 (de) * | 1997-07-07 | 1999-01-21 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren und elektronische Steuereinrichtung zur Nachstartverschiebung der lambda-Regelung bei einem Verbrennungsmotor mit lambda-Regelung |
DE10307010B3 (de) * | 2003-02-19 | 2004-05-27 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Einstellung einer definierten Sauerstoffbeladung mit binärer Lambdaregelung zur Durchführung der Abgaskatalysatordiagnose |
DE102004050092B3 (de) * | 2004-10-14 | 2006-04-13 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zur Regelung des Lambda-Wertes einer Brennkraftmaschine |
DE102006047188B4 (de) * | 2006-10-05 | 2009-09-03 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Überwachen einer Abgassonde |
JP4256898B2 (ja) * | 2007-04-20 | 2009-04-22 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 内燃機関の空燃比制御装置 |
-
2011
- 2011-11-29 DE DE201110087300 patent/DE102011087300A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2012
- 2012-11-23 WO PCT/EP2012/073473 patent/WO2013079406A1/de unknown
- 2012-11-23 EP EP12794925.3A patent/EP2786001B1/de active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2013079406A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2013079406A8 (de) | 2013-10-31 |
WO2013079406A1 (de) | 2013-06-06 |
EP2786001B1 (de) | 2015-07-22 |
DE102011087300A1 (de) | 2013-05-29 |
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