EP2784791B1 - An active part of a dry distribution transformer - Google Patents
An active part of a dry distribution transformer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2784791B1 EP2784791B1 EP13460018.8A EP13460018A EP2784791B1 EP 2784791 B1 EP2784791 B1 EP 2784791B1 EP 13460018 A EP13460018 A EP 13460018A EP 2784791 B1 EP2784791 B1 EP 2784791B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- active part
- bobbin
- coil
- transformer according
- dry transformer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001815 facial effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005549 size reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
- H01F27/324—Insulation between coil and core, between different winding sections, around the coil; Other insulation structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
- H01F27/36—Electric or magnetic shields or screens
- H01F27/363—Electric or magnetic shields or screens made of electrically conductive material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
- H01F27/324—Insulation between coil and core, between different winding sections, around the coil; Other insulation structures
- H01F27/325—Coil bobbins
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
- H01F27/36—Electric or magnetic shields or screens
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an active part of a dry-type distribution transformer having liquid-hardenable transformer insulation system with electrical field control.
- One of the areas in the insulation system of the dry transformer where the electrical stresses are particularly high is the vicinity of the HV winding edges.
- the high electrical stress in this area can be reduced by winding the coil into a bobbin with permittivity higher than the permittivity of the surrounding insulation. This moves the high electrical field away from the winding edges and into the solid insulation, which leads to a device of smaller size and weight and allowing for savings on construction materials.
- the composite bobbin forms a rigid and stable support for the HV winding and the winding process of both LV and HV windings can be carried out separately, shortening the manufacturing process.
- the coil body comprised a wound conductor, an insulating material attached to the wound conductor and a field control layer arrangement for reducing the maximum field strength of an electric field generated in the coil.
- a supporting U-shaped device in the form of a ring with sidewalls for supporting the wound conductor is provided. At least one first field control layer of the field control layer arrangement is applied at edges of the wound conductor. At least one second field layer arrangement of the field control layer is provided to the supporting device.
- An active part of a dry-type transformer according to present the invention is defined in present claim 1.
- the internal edges of the annular discs are rounded.
- the HV coil is placed in the space of the bobbin between the annular discs and the external surface of the resistive layer, and the external edges of the annular discs protrude outside the external surface of the side walls of the HV coil.
- the external edges of the annular discs protruding outside the external surface of the side walls of the HV coil are rounded.
- the resistive layer is tightly abutted the external surface of the cylinder of the bobbin.
- the resistive layer is made from conductive paint dotted by carbon black.
- an air gap is situated which is free of an electric field generated by LV coils and HV coils of the transformer, having a thickness d1 bigger than zero.
- a thickness d4 of the cylindrical wall of the bobbin is equal or bigger than a thickness d5 of the discs of the bobbin.
- a thickness d4 of the cylindrical wall of the bobbin is lower than a thickness d5 of the discs of the bobbin.
- the insulating body is made from a thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material.
- the insulating body is performed as a whole body for at least two limbs of the same core of the transformer.
- a dry transformer according to the present invention is characterized in that it has an active part according the claims 1-11.
- the solution according to the invention allows for lower the electrical stress in the dry transformer insulation system design.
- the combination of the use of three different field control techniques including metallization of the transformer body, coating of the HV coil winding bobbin with a resistive layer and carried out the HV coil winding bobbin from a higher permittivity composite in comparison with the insulating system renders the new design of the active part of the dry transformer as more compact. Reduction of the size, the weight and the cost of the material is possible. This allows for successful targeting of the market with dry type resin insulated units of the same electrical parameters comparable to oil insulated ones and also in dry type of the distribution transformer because it allows to make it more compact than conventional dry-type transformers with air-gap between LV and HV coils.
- fig. 1 is a schematic cross-section of the active part of one phase of a dry transformer
- fig.2 - presents the detail "a" from fig.1 in enlargement
- fig.3 - presents a schematic cross-section of the active part of two adjacent phases of a dry transformer.
- the active part of a dry distribution transformer comprises a transformer core 1 with two yokes 2 and two core limbs 3 with a longitudinal axis A.
- LV (Low Voltage) coils 4 are wound concentrically and a winding bobbin 5 is placed concentrically.
- the bobbin 5 has a shape of a longitudinal cylinder 5a with annular discs 5b on the ends of the cylinder 5a.
- the discs 5b protrudes outside the cylinder 5b in an outward direction of the core 1 and their ends are rounded. Also the internal edges of the annular discs are rounded.
- Between the discs 5b HV (High Voltage) coils 6 are wound on an external surface of the cylinder 5a, which is covered by an electrical resistive layer 7.
- the resistive layer 7 forms a shield for control an electric fields around the limb 3 and LV and HV coils.
- the resistive layer 7 is tightly abutted the external and/or internal surface of the cylinder 5a and it is made from conductive paint dotted by carbon black.
- the resistive layer 7 is indicated on the drawing only on the external surface of the cylinder 5a but it can be placed also only on the internal surface of the cylinder 5a or on both side surfaces of the cylinder 5a.
- the external edges of the annular discs 5b protruding outside the external surface of the side walls of the HV coils 6 are rounded.
- the limb 3, the coils 4 and the bobbin 5 with the coils 6 are located in an electrical insulating body 8 surrounding the core 1 along its limb 3.
- the insulating body may be a thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material.
- a permittivity of the insulating body 8 is 2-5 times lower than the permittivity of the insulating bobbin 5.
- the dielectric strength of the air gap 9 is significantly lower than that of the insulating body 8. This hampers the size reduction of dry transformers, as the thickness d1 of the air gap 9 must be sufficient to prevent electrical breakdown.
- a metallic layer 10 is deposited on the frontal external faces of the insulating body 8, perpendicular to the axis A of the limb 3.
- the metallic layer 10 is made from thermal sprayed zinc.
- the metallic layer has thickness d2 and electrical conductivity ⁇ such that the electric field generated in the coils 4 and 6 of the transformer is entirely restricted to the insulating body 8, thus making it possible to minimize the thickness d1, and in consequence to significantly reduce the size of the active part of the transformer.
- the electric field intensity in the electrical insulating body 8 rises, increasing the electrical stress near the edges of the HV winding 6, and also in the space between the external surface 5a of the winding bobbin 5 and the external frontal surface 8 of the electrical insulating body 8.
- the thickness d3 of the space between the external surface of the disc 5b and the frontal surface of the insulating body 8 must be kept sufficient to prevent electrical failure.
- the dry insulation body 8 is carried out for more than one phase of the transformer.
- the whole insulation body 8' is made for at least two limbs 3 as one body and it is placed on the limbs by sliding over on the limbs when one of the yokes is removed from the core.
- the bobbin 5 may be performed in two forms.
- the first form is where the thickness d4 of a wall of the cylinder 5a is equal or bigger than the thickness d5 of the disc 5b.
- the second form the thickness d4 of a wall of the cylinder 5a is lower than the thickness d5 of the disc 5b.
- the right choice of such parameters is dependent on electrical parameter of the transformer and on the condition of exploitation of it.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)
Description
- The present invention relates to an active part of a dry-type distribution transformer having liquid-hardenable transformer insulation system with electrical field control.
- The issue of high electrical stress in dry insulated transformers has been addressed over the years from different angles in order to reduce the size and weight of dry transformers.
- One of the areas in the insulation system of the dry transformer where the electrical stresses are particularly high is the vicinity of the HV winding edges. The high electrical stress in this area can be reduced by winding the coil into a bobbin with permittivity higher than the permittivity of the surrounding insulation. This moves the high electrical field away from the winding edges and into the solid insulation, which leads to a device of smaller size and weight and allowing for savings on construction materials. Furthermore, the composite bobbin forms a rigid and stable support for the HV winding and the winding process of both LV and HV windings can be carried out separately, shortening the manufacturing process.
- The example of such active part of the dry transformer is presented in patent application
WO2012/000985 , disclosing an active part of a dry-type distribution transformer according to the preamble ofpresent claim 1. In this solution the coil body comprised a wound conductor, an insulating material attached to the wound conductor and a field control layer arrangement for reducing the maximum field strength of an electric field generated in the coil. A supporting U-shaped device in the form of a ring with sidewalls for supporting the wound conductor is provided. At least one first field control layer of the field control layer arrangement is applied at edges of the wound conductor. At least one second field layer arrangement of the field control layer is provided to the supporting device. - In other known ABB solutions, for example
EP2400510 a transformer coil with conductive electrical shielding is presented. InWO 2012/000983 patent application a transformer with shielding rings in windings is presented. - An active part of a dry-type transformer according to present the invention is defined in
present claim 1. - Preferably the internal edges of the annular discs are rounded.
- Preferably the HV coil is placed in the space of the bobbin between the annular discs and the external surface of the resistive layer, and the external edges of the annular discs protrude outside the external surface of the side walls of the HV coil.
- Preferably the external edges of the annular discs protruding outside the external surface of the side walls of the HV coil are rounded.
- Preferably the resistive layer is tightly abutted the external surface of the cylinder of the bobbin.
- Preferably the resistive layer is made from conductive paint dotted by carbon black.
- Preferably between the external surface of the metallic layer placed on the frontal face of the insulating body and an internal surface of the yoke, an air gap is situated which is free of an electric field generated by LV coils and HV coils of the transformer, having a thickness d1 bigger than zero.
- Preferably a thickness d4 of the cylindrical wall of the bobbin is equal or bigger than a thickness d5 of the discs of the bobbin.
- Alternatively a thickness d4 of the cylindrical wall of the bobbin is lower than a thickness d5 of the discs of the bobbin.
- Preferably the insulating body is made from a thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material.
- Preferably the insulating body is performed as a whole body for at least two limbs of the same core of the transformer.
- A dry transformer according to the present invention is characterized in that it has an active part according the claims 1-11.
- The solution according to the invention allows for lower the electrical stress in the dry transformer insulation system design. The combination of the use of three different field control techniques including metallization of the transformer body, coating of the HV coil winding bobbin with a resistive layer and carried out the HV coil winding bobbin from a higher permittivity composite in comparison with the insulating system renders the new design of the active part of the dry transformer as more compact. Reduction of the size, the weight and the cost of the material is possible. This allows for successful targeting of the market with dry type resin insulated units of the same electrical parameters comparable to oil insulated ones and also in dry type of the distribution transformer because it allows to make it more compact than conventional dry-type transformers with air-gap between LV and HV coils.
- An exemplary embodiment of the present invention is presented in the drawing where
fig. 1 is a schematic cross-section of the active part of one phase of a dry transformer,fig.2 - presents the detail "a" fromfig.1 in enlargement,fig.3 - presents a schematic cross-section of the active part of two adjacent phases of a dry transformer. - The active part of a dry distribution transformer comprises a
transformer core 1 with twoyokes 2 and twocore limbs 3 with a longitudinal axis A. Around the axis A LV (Low Voltage)coils 4 are wound concentrically and awinding bobbin 5 is placed concentrically. Thebobbin 5 has a shape of alongitudinal cylinder 5a withannular discs 5b on the ends of thecylinder 5a. Thediscs 5b protrudes outside thecylinder 5b in an outward direction of thecore 1 and their ends are rounded. Also the internal edges of the annular discs are rounded. Between thediscs 5b HV (High Voltage) coils 6 are wound on an external surface of thecylinder 5a, which is covered by an electricalresistive layer 7. Theresistive layer 7 forms a shield for control an electric fields around thelimb 3 and LV and HV coils. Theresistive layer 7 is tightly abutted the external and/or internal surface of thecylinder 5a and it is made from conductive paint dotted by carbon black. Theresistive layer 7 is indicated on the drawing only on the external surface of thecylinder 5a but it can be placed also only on the internal surface of thecylinder 5a or on both side surfaces of thecylinder 5a. The external edges of theannular discs 5b protruding outside the external surface of the side walls of the HV coils 6 are rounded. Thelimb 3, thecoils 4 and thebobbin 5 with thecoils 6 are located in an electricalinsulating body 8 surrounding thecore 1 along itslimb 3. The insulating body may be a thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material. A permittivity of the insulatingbody 8 is 2-5 times lower than the permittivity of the insulatingbobbin 5. Between the insulatingbody 8 and theyokes 2 anair gaps 9 are left from each side of thecore 1. The dielectric strength of theair gap 9 is significantly lower than that of the insulatingbody 8. This hampers the size reduction of dry transformers, as the thickness d1 of theair gap 9 must be sufficient to prevent electrical breakdown. In order to eliminate the electric field from theair gaps 9 and to restrict it only to the insulating body 8 ametallic layer 10 is deposited on the frontal external faces of the insulatingbody 8, perpendicular to the axis A of thelimb 3. Themetallic layer 10 is made from thermal sprayed zinc. The metallic layer has thickness d2 and electrical conductivity σ such that the electric field generated in thecoils body 8, thus making it possible to minimize the thickness d1, and in consequence to significantly reduce the size of the active part of the transformer. When the entire electric field is restricted to the insulatingbody 8, the electric field intensity in the electricalinsulating body 8 rises, increasing the electrical stress near the edges of the HV winding 6, and also in the space between theexternal surface 5a of the windingbobbin 5 and the externalfrontal surface 8 of the electricalinsulating body 8. The thickness d3 of the space between the external surface of thedisc 5b and the frontal surface of the insulatingbody 8 must be kept sufficient to prevent electrical failure. - In other embodiment of the invention the
dry insulation body 8 is carried out for more than one phase of the transformer. For such embodiment the whole insulation body 8' is made for at least twolimbs 3 as one body and it is placed on the limbs by sliding over on the limbs when one of the yokes is removed from the core. - For the two embodiment of the invention the
bobbin 5 may be performed in two forms. The first form is where the thickness d4 of a wall of thecylinder 5a is equal or bigger than the thickness d5 of thedisc 5b. In the second form the thickness d4 of a wall of thecylinder 5a is lower than the thickness d5 of thedisc 5b. The right choice of such parameters is dependent on electrical parameter of the transformer and on the condition of exploitation of it.
Claims (12)
- An active part of a dry-type distribution transformer, wherein the active part comprises a core (1) with a yoke (2) and limbs (3) having an a longitudinal axis (A) around one of which a LV coils (4) and a winding, bobbin (5), being part of the active part, are placed concentrically; the bobbin (5) has a shape of a longitudinal cylinder (5a) which is ended with annular discs (5b) which are protruding outside the wall of the cylinder (5a) in an outward direction of the one limb (3); and between which a HV coil (6), being part of the active part, is situated, and the bobbin (5) is made of material having a dielectric permittivity which is two to five times higher than the dielectric permittivity of an electrical insulating body (8), being a part of the active part, and surrounding the limb (3) around the axis (A), in which the LV coil (4), the HV coil (6) and the winding bobbin (5) with the annular discs (5b) are embedded, characterized in that external facial surfaces of the insulating body (8), each of them situated in a plane perpendicular to the axis (A), are provided with a metallic layer (10) having such electric conductivity that the part of the insulating body (8) between an internal surface of the metallic layer (10) and an external surface of the respective adjacent annular disc (5b) has a thickness (d3) which is sufficient for electrical insulation and a side surface of the cylinder (5a) is covered with an electrical resistive layer (7) being a control shield of an electric field around the one limb (3) of the core (1) and the HV coil (6) and the LV coil (4).
- An active part of a dry transformer according to claims 1, characterized in that the internal edges of the annular discs (5b) are rounded.
- An active part of a dry transformer according to claims 1-2, characterized in that the HV coil (6) is placed in the space of the bobbin (5) between the annular discs (5b) and the external surface of the resistive layer (7), and the external edges of the annular discs (5b) protrude outside the external surface of the side walls of the HV coil (6).
- An active part of a dry transformer according to claim 3, characterized in that the external edges of the annular discs (5b) protruding outside the external surface of the side walls of the HV coil (6) are rounded.
- An active part of a dry transformer according to any previous claims, characterized in that the resistive layer (7) is tightly abutted the external surface of the cylinder (5a).
- An active part of a dry transformer according to any previous claims, characterized in that the resistive layer (7) is made from conductive paint dotted by carbon black.
- An active part of a dry transformer according to any previous claims, characterized in that between the external surface of the metallic layer (10) placed on the frontal face of the insulating body (8) and an internal surface of the yoke (2) an air gap (9) is situated which is free of an electric field generated by coils (4) and (6) of the transformer having a thickness "d1" bigger than zero.
- An active part of a dry transformer according to 1-7, characterized in that a thickness "d4" of the cylindrical wall of the bobbin (5) is equal or bigger than a thickness "d5" of the discs (5b) of the bobbin (5).
- An active part of a dry transformer according to 1-7, characterized in that a thickness "d4" of the cylindrical wall of the bobbin (5) is lower than a thickness "d5" of the discs (5b) of the bobbin (5).
- An active part of a dry transformer according to any previous claims, characterized in that the insulating body (8) is made from a thermoplastic material or a thermosetting material.
- An active part of a dry transformer according to any previous claims, characterized in that the insulating body (8) is performed as a whole body (8') for at least two limbs (3) of the same core (1).
- A dry transformer characterized in that it has an active part according the claims 1-11.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13460018.8A EP2784791B1 (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2013-03-29 | An active part of a dry distribution transformer |
PCT/EP2014/000567 WO2014154320A1 (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2014-03-05 | An active part of a dry-tpye distribution transformer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP13460018.8A EP2784791B1 (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2013-03-29 | An active part of a dry distribution transformer |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2784791A1 EP2784791A1 (en) | 2014-10-01 |
EP2784791B1 true EP2784791B1 (en) | 2015-07-29 |
Family
ID=48520873
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13460018.8A Active EP2784791B1 (en) | 2013-03-29 | 2013-03-29 | An active part of a dry distribution transformer |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2784791B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2014154320A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106934166B (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2020-11-03 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Method and device for constructing equivalent short circuit model of ultra-high voltage transformer |
DE102018213661A1 (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2020-02-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Winding arrangement with field smoothing and reinforcement |
US11688545B2 (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2023-06-27 | Jordan Seanard | Removable weighted vehicle safety guard system |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3422252B2 (en) * | 1998-04-22 | 2003-06-30 | 株式会社日立製作所 | High voltage transformer and ignition transformer using it |
WO2012000985A1 (en) | 2010-06-28 | 2012-01-05 | Abb Research Ltd | Transformer with field control layer arrangement |
ES2481871T5 (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2018-03-16 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Electrical coil and shield arrangement, transformer including the arrangement and a method of manufacturing the arrangement |
EP2400510A1 (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2011-12-28 | ABB Research Ltd. | Transformer coil with conductive electrical shielding |
-
2013
- 2013-03-29 EP EP13460018.8A patent/EP2784791B1/en active Active
-
2014
- 2014-03-05 WO PCT/EP2014/000567 patent/WO2014154320A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2784791A1 (en) | 2014-10-01 |
WO2014154320A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
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