EP2774158B1 - Commutateur pour un fonctionnement à courant continu multipolaire - Google Patents

Commutateur pour un fonctionnement à courant continu multipolaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2774158B1
EP2774158B1 EP12780747.7A EP12780747A EP2774158B1 EP 2774158 B1 EP2774158 B1 EP 2774158B1 EP 12780747 A EP12780747 A EP 12780747A EP 2774158 B1 EP2774158 B1 EP 2774158B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching
bridge
switch according
contact regions
pole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12780747.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2774158A1 (fr
Inventor
Karsten Gerving
Volker Lang
Johannes Meissner
Ralf Thar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eaton Electrical IP GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Eaton Electrical IP GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eaton Electrical IP GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Eaton Electrical IP GmbH and Co KG
Priority to PL12780747T priority Critical patent/PL2774158T3/pl
Priority to EP12780747.7A priority patent/EP2774158B1/fr
Publication of EP2774158A1 publication Critical patent/EP2774158A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2774158B1 publication Critical patent/EP2774158B1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/36—Metal parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H01H9/443—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/546—Contact arrangements for contactors having bridging contacts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-pole switch, which is provided in particular for a DC operation, with a partial switching chamber per pole.
  • Electrical switches are components in a circuit that establish or disconnect an electrically conductive connection by means of internal, electrically conductive contacts. With a live connection to be cut, current flows through the contacts until they are separated. When an inductive circuit is disconnected by a switch, the current flow does not reduce immediately to zero, so that an arc can form between the contacts.
  • the arc is a gas discharge by a per se non-conductive medium, such as air.
  • AC alternating current
  • arcs usually erase at the zero crossing of the alternating current. Since such a zero crossing of the current in switches with DC operation (DC) is missing, stable arcing can occur when disconnecting the contacts.
  • EP2133898 A1 describes a multi-pole switch according to the preamble of claim 1. If a multi-pole switch is to be equipped accordingly, in particular with a polarity-independent extinguishing behavior, additional switching chambers for each pole are necessary. As a result, multipole switches can reach a size for which insufficient space, in particular not sufficient depth, is available in common control cabinets, for example.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a multi-pole switch available whose space requirements, at least in depth, based on the installation situation in a cabinet, compared to single-ended switches is not or not much higher.
  • the object is achieved by the switch according to claim 1.
  • the switch according to the invention is intended for multi-pole operation, in particular direct current operation, with a switching chamber, wherein a partial switching chamber is provided for each pole.
  • the switching chamber has a movable switching bridge extending through both sub-switching chambers, wherein a bridge switching piece is provided for each sub-switching chamber in the switching bridge and the bridge switching pieces are arranged at a distance from one another along a main extension direction of the switching bridge.
  • the main extension direction of the switching bridge is aligned according to the invention substantially perpendicular to a movement axis of the switching bridge.
  • the bridge contact pieces are advantageously arranged side by side substantially in a plane.
  • the main extension direction of the switching bridge is that direction in which the switching bridge has its greatest extent, namely in the plane of the bridge contact pieces.
  • Each of the sub-switching chambers accordingly has two fixed contact pieces, which are arranged in a plane parallel to the plane of the bridge contact pieces and which by the perpendicular to the Main extension direction of the bridge bridge movable bridge switching pieces synchronized electrically connected and disconnected.
  • the subcircuit chambers are inventively arranged in a plane mirror symmetry to each other and formed. Against the action of arcs of the pole of the other part switching chamber, the sub-switching chambers are preferably electrically sealed off.
  • each partial switching chamber has two switching pieces with a first contact region per switching piece, wherein the bridge bridge movable and electrically conductive bridge switching pieces each have two second contact areas for producing an electrically conductive connection between the first and second contact areas and for separating the have first and second contact areas.
  • the bridge bridge movable and electrically conductive bridge switching pieces each have two second contact areas for producing an electrically conductive connection between the first and second contact areas and for separating the have first and second contact areas.
  • the bridge switching pieces extend substantially perpendicular to the main extension direction of the switching bridge, wherein the fixed contact pieces extend parallel to the main extension direction of the switching bridge.
  • At least two extinguishing devices are provided for extinguishing arcs, which can occur when the first and second contact regions are disconnected.
  • four extinguishing devices for polarity-independent extinguishment of arcs which may occur during separation of the first and second contact areas, are provided for at least one of the partial switching chambers.
  • first arc conductors extend from the first contact regions and second arc conductors extend from the second contact regions toward the extinguishing devices. This advantageously prevents an arc from occurring along the Bridge switching pieces moved in the direction of the switching bridge.
  • a distance of the first arc conductors from the second arc conductors preferably increases in the direction of the extinguishing devices, whereby the respective arc is advantageously stretched on the way to the extinguishing device.
  • a permanent magnet arrangement is provided to form in the areas between the first and second contact areas and the respective extinguishing devices a substantially homogeneous magnetic field for exerting a magnetic force on the arcs, so that at least one of the arcs, regardless of the current direction in the arc in the direction of one of Extinguishing devices is driven.
  • the permanent magnet arrangement has at least two plate-shaped magnets, wherein the magnets are arranged on longitudinal sides of the partial switching chambers, in each case adjacent to the contact areas.
  • the permanent magnet arrangement has two parallel pole plates, the pole plates being connected to one another by one or more permanent magnets to form a substantially U-shaped profile, whereby a particularly homogeneous magnetic field of high magnetic field strength can be built up.
  • the embodiment of the invention according to the FIGS. 1 and 2 shows a multi-pole, independent of the current direction compact switch with efficient erase behavior.
  • a double-break contact system is realized for each pole, in which each of the switching arcs arising when opening the contacts is always moved in the direction of an arc extinguishing device 61 regardless of the current direction using permanent magnetic blower.
  • the contact and erase arrangements of both poles are housed here in a single switching chamber.
  • the advantage of such a switch consists on the one hand in a relatively simple, easy to assemble construction, on the other hand in a switch of comparatively small installation depth. The embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS FIGS. 1 and 2 described.
  • the switching chamber of the two-pole switch is subdivided in its main extension direction into two equally partitioned partial switching chambers 1, 2 or segments 1, 2 which are sealed off from one another and in which the contact and extinguishing arrangements of each pole are accommodated.
  • a channel 3 which surrounds the switching bridge 35, in each of which a bridge bridge contact piece 30 is installed.
  • the two bridge switching pieces 30 have the same installation depth and are arranged in a region of the center of the respective sub-switching chamber 1, 2, wherein the bridge switching pieces 30 extend in a direction which is rotated by 90 degrees against the main extension direction of the switching chamber.
  • the bridge switching pieces 30 have second contact areas 31 or contact pads 31 for making contact with first contact areas 11 or fixed contacts 11. From the second contact portions 31 at right angles outgoing runner-shaped legs each extend in the direction of a connecting axis of two opposing extinguishing devices 61 and are angled in such a way that second arc conductors 32 are formed whose dropouts in the off state of the switch respectively in the direction of an upper edge 65 of the extinguishing devices 61 show.
  • the fixed contact pieces 20a, 20b of the partial switching chamber 2 enter on the short side or head side of the switching chamber in this.
  • the contact pieces 20a, 20b are angled or cranked, whereby first arc conductors 12 are made available.
  • the fixed contacts 11 are arranged in an installation depth which corresponds approximately to the center of the extinguishing chambers 61. With closed contacts 11, 31 form the parallel switching pieces 20a, 20b together with the transverse thereto bridge switching piece 30 has a U-shaped current path.
  • an arc runner arrangement is formed from the first arc conductors 12 and the second arc conductors 32, which widens in the direction toward the quenching chambers 61, so that a switching arc arising when the contacts are opened, that is to say when the second contact regions 31 are separated from the first contact regions 11, is rapidly moved in the direction of one of the extinguishing devices 61 under the influence of a magnetic blowing action and thereby continuously expands.
  • the part switching chamber 1 with the switching pieces 10 a, 10 b is carried out analogously to the previously described part switching chamber 2.
  • the extinguishing devices 61 are executed in the illustrated embodiment as so-called Deion chambers, which consist of a stack arrangement of mutually electrically insulated sheets, each with an air gap between two adjacent sheets.
  • Each pair of contacts consisting of a first contact region 11 and a second contact region 31, two of the extinguishing chambers 61 are assigned, which are housed in the main extension direction of the switch in oppositely disposed niches.
  • Each pole has, in a double interrupting contact arrangement, two pairs of opposite extinguishing chambers 61, which are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the switching bridge 35.
  • the described contact and erase arrangements of both poles are preferably arranged axially symmetrically on both sides of a central axis in the main extension direction of the switching chamber.
  • the structure of the magnetic blowing field in accordance with the illustrated embodiment FIGS. 1 and 2 realized via a permanent magnetic arrangement.
  • This consists of two plate-shaped magnets 51 for each pole, which are arranged on the longer switching chamber wall in the region of the contact pairs 11, 31.
  • the plate-shaped magnets Be arranged outside of the chamber wall or inside, for example, in accordance with insulating pockets of the inside niche walls.
  • a switching arc arising when the contacts are opened is moved in the direction of one or the other of the two opposing extinguishing devices 61, due to the so-called magnetic blowing effect, caused by the Lorentz force, depending on the current direction.
  • the permanent magnets are preferably either of ferritic material or of a material containing rare earth elements, for example Nd-Fe-B or Sa-Co, or of materials in the form of plastic-bonded molded parts.
  • FIG. 3 schematically another embodiment of the inventive switch is shown, which differs from the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 differs by an alternative extinguishing arrangement without Deion chambers.
  • the extinguishing arrangement is given by a niche arrangement with walls of insulating material, preferably made of thermosetting plastic or ceramic, wherein the individual niches are spatially separated from each other sufficiently and exhaust ports are arranged on the outside walls.
  • a niche arrangement with walls of insulating material, preferably made of thermosetting plastic or ceramic, wherein the individual niches are spatially separated from each other sufficiently and exhaust ports are arranged on the outside walls.
  • the transverse thereto bulkheads 46 between the sub-switching chambers 1, 2 of both poles in terms of high thermal resistance to arc exposure of ceramic material.
  • FIG. 4 a switching bridge 35 of a further embodiment of the switch according to the invention is shown, which differs from the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 distinguished by an alternative permanent magnet arrangement.
  • Achieving higher magnetic field strengths in the region of the switching contacts can be achieved by adding a further permanent magnet 51c, preferably by integration in the switching bridge 35 or by attachment to the inside niche walls for the extinguishing devices.
  • the additional magnets 51c may be arranged inside, for example, in correspondingly insulating pockets of the inside niche walls.
  • FIG. 5 a further variant of a permanent magnet arrangement for a further embodiment of the switch according to the invention is shown.
  • An efficient magnetic blowing field of high homogeneity can be achieved by an arrangement of two plane-parallel plates 55 of magnetically good conductive material, preferably of soft magnetic iron, form, which are connected by one or more permanent magnets 57 in such a way that they form an approximately U-shaped profile.
  • the polarity of the magnet 57 is indicated by the data North (N) and South (S).
  • the distance between the parallel pole plates 55 is in this case dimensioned so that they extend in close proximity along the lateral outer walls of the quenching chamber.
  • Recesses 58 are provided for the passage of bridge switching pieces 30.
  • two axisymmetric arranged permanent magnet arrangements of the type shown are provided.
  • the shield plate 56 serves to magnetically shield the switch from the permanent magnet 57.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Interrupteur pour un fonctionnement multipolaire avec une chambre de commutation, une chambre de commutation partielle (1, 2) étant prévue par pôle, la chambre de commutation comportant un pont de commutation mobile (35) qui s'étend à travers les chambres de commutation partielles (1, 2), une pièce de commutation de pont (30) étant prévue pour chaque chambre de commutation partielle (1, 2) dans le pont de commutation et les pièces de commutation de pont étant agencées à une certaine distance l'une de l'autre le long d'une direction d'extension principale du pont de commutation (35) et la direction d'extension principale du pont de commutation (35) étant orientée globalement perpendiculairement à un axe de déplacement du pont de commutation (35), les pièces de commutation de pont (30) s'étendant globalement perpendiculairement à la direction d'extension principale du pont de commutation (35), caractérisé en ce que des pièces de commutation fixes (10a, 10b, 20a, 20b) sont agencées parallèlement à la direction d'extension principale du pont de commutation et en ce que les chambres de commutation partielles (1, 2) sont agencées symétriquement l'une par rapport à l'autre.
  2. Interrupteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les chambres de commutation partielles (1, 2) sont cloisonnées électriquement contre l'action d'arcs électriques du pôle de l'autre chambre de commutation partielle respective.
  3. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque chambre de commutation partielle (1, 2) comporte deux pièces de commutation fixes (10a, 10b, 20a, 20b) avec une première zone de contact (11) par pièce de commutation, les pièces de commutation de pont (30) déplaçables avec le pont de commutation (35) et électriquement conductrices comportant à chaque fois deux deuxièmes zones de contact (31) pour l'établissement d'une liaison électriquement conductrice entre les premières et les deuxièmes zones de contacts (11, 31) et pour la séparation des premières et des deuxièmes zones de contact (11, 31).
  4. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, pour au moins l'une des chambres de commutation partielles (1, 2), il est prévu au moins deux dispositifs d'extinction (61) pour l'extinction d'arcs électriques qui peuvent apparaître lors de la séparation des premières et des deuxièmes zones de contact (11, 31).
  5. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, pour au moins l'une des chambres de commutation partielles (1, 2), il est prévu au moins quatre dispositifs d'extinction (61) pour l'extinction, indépendante de la polarité, d'arcs électriques qui peuvent apparaître lors de la séparation des premières et des deuxièmes zones de contact (11, 31).
  6. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que des premiers conducteurs d'arcs électriques (12) s'étendent à partir des premières zones de contact (11) en direction des dispositifs d'extinction (61, 62) et des deuxièmes conducteurs d'arcs électriques (32) s'étendent à partir des deuxièmes zones de contact (31) en direction desdits dispositifs d'extinction.
  7. Interrupteur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la distance des premiers conducteurs d'arcs électriques (12) aux deuxièmes conducteurs d'arcs électriques (32) augmente en direction des dispositifs d'extinction (61) respectifs.
  8. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un dispositif à aimant permanent est prévu pour former un champ magnétique largement homogène dans les zones entre les premières et les deuxièmes zones de contact (11, 31) et les dispositifs d'extinction (61) respectifs.
  9. Interrupteur selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif à aimant permanent comporte au moins deux aimants (51) en forme de plaques, les aimants (51) étant agencés sur des côtés longs des chambres de commutation partielles (1, 2), à chaque fois au voisinage des zones de contact (11, 31).
  10. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif à aimant permanent comporte deux plaques polaires (55) parallèles, les plaques polaires (55) étant assemblées l'une à l'autre par un ou plusieurs aimants permanents (57) en un profilé globalement en forme de U.
  11. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications 4 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les dispositifs d'extinction (61) sont conçus comme des chambres de désionisation, avec un empilement de tôles isolées électriquement les unes par rapport aux autres avec à chaque fois un entrefer entre deux tôles voisines.
  12. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications 4 à 10, caractérisé en ce que les dispositifs d'extinction sont formés par un agencement de niches avec des parois en matière isolante, des niches individuelles étant largement cloisonnées les unes par rapport aux autres par des parois de niche (45) et/ou des parois de cloisonnement (46) et des ouvertures de soufflage étant agencées à chaque fois sur une paroi côté extérieur.
EP12780747.7A 2011-11-02 2012-11-02 Commutateur pour un fonctionnement à courant continu multipolaire Active EP2774158B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL12780747T PL2774158T3 (pl) 2011-11-02 2012-11-02 Przełącznik dla wielobiegunowego stałoprądowego trybu pracy
EP12780747.7A EP2774158B1 (fr) 2011-11-02 2012-11-02 Commutateur pour un fonctionnement à courant continu multipolaire

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11187497.0A EP2590192A1 (fr) 2011-11-02 2011-11-02 Commutateur pour un fonctionnement à courant continu multipolaire
PCT/EP2012/071718 WO2013064629A1 (fr) 2011-11-02 2012-11-02 Commutateur pour fonctionnement en courant continu multipolaire
EP12780747.7A EP2774158B1 (fr) 2011-11-02 2012-11-02 Commutateur pour un fonctionnement à courant continu multipolaire

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2774158A1 EP2774158A1 (fr) 2014-09-10
EP2774158B1 true EP2774158B1 (fr) 2017-04-19

Family

ID=47115993

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11187497.0A Withdrawn EP2590192A1 (fr) 2011-11-02 2011-11-02 Commutateur pour un fonctionnement à courant continu multipolaire
EP12780747.7A Active EP2774158B1 (fr) 2011-11-02 2012-11-02 Commutateur pour un fonctionnement à courant continu multipolaire

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11187497.0A Withdrawn EP2590192A1 (fr) 2011-11-02 2011-11-02 Commutateur pour un fonctionnement à courant continu multipolaire

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (2) EP2590192A1 (fr)
PL (1) PL2774158T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013064629A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9129761B2 (en) 2012-12-20 2015-09-08 Eaton Electrical Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg Switching device suitable for direct current operation
US9406465B1 (en) * 2015-07-30 2016-08-02 Carling Technologies, Inc. Polarity insensitive arc quench
DE102018204104A1 (de) * 2018-03-16 2019-09-19 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh Schalteinheit zur Trennung eines Stromkreises und Schutzschalter
GB2575684A (en) 2018-07-20 2020-01-22 Eaton Intelligent Power Ltd Switching device and switching arrangement
GB2579848A (en) 2018-12-18 2020-07-08 Eaton Intelligent Power Ltd Electromagnetic drive unit for a switching device and switching device
GB201820594D0 (en) 2018-12-18 2019-01-30 Eaton Intelligent Power Ltd Contact unit for a switching device and switching device
FR3134224B1 (fr) * 2022-03-29 2024-05-03 Safran Electrical & Power Contacteur bidirectionnel double pole à double coupure à champs magnétiques inversés

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007054958A1 (de) 2007-11-17 2009-06-04 Moeller Gmbh Schaltgerät für Gleichstrom-Anwendungen
US7973625B2 (en) * 2008-06-05 2011-07-05 General Electric Company Tool free contact block
EP2463877A1 (fr) * 2010-12-07 2012-06-13 Eaton Industries GmbH Commutateur doté d'une chambre d'extinction

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2774158A1 (fr) 2014-09-10
PL2774158T3 (pl) 2017-08-31
WO2013064629A1 (fr) 2013-05-10
EP2590192A1 (fr) 2013-05-08

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