EP2770071B2 - Aluminium alloy for the production of semi-finished products or components for motor vehicles, method for producing an aluminium alloy strip from this aluminium alloy and aluminium alloy strip and uses thereof - Google Patents

Aluminium alloy for the production of semi-finished products or components for motor vehicles, method for producing an aluminium alloy strip from this aluminium alloy and aluminium alloy strip and uses thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2770071B2
EP2770071B2 EP13156100.3A EP13156100A EP2770071B2 EP 2770071 B2 EP2770071 B2 EP 2770071B2 EP 13156100 A EP13156100 A EP 13156100A EP 2770071 B2 EP2770071 B2 EP 2770071B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
aluminium alloy
weight
aluminum alloy
alloy strip
content
Prior art date
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EP13156100.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2770071A1 (en
EP2770071B1 (en
EP2770071B9 (en
Inventor
Olaf Dr. Engler
Henk-Jan Brinkman
Thomas Hentschel
Réginald Dupuis
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Speira GmbH
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Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH
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Application filed by Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH filed Critical Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH
Priority to PT131561003T priority Critical patent/PT2770071T/en
Priority to ES13156100.3T priority patent/ES2621871T3/en
Priority to EP13156100.3A priority patent/EP2770071B9/en
Priority to CA2899991A priority patent/CA2899991C/en
Priority to KR1020157025451A priority patent/KR101656419B1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2014/053323 priority patent/WO2014128212A1/en
Priority to PT147055289T priority patent/PT2959028T/en
Priority to CN201480009934.XA priority patent/CN105008563B/en
Priority to RU2015139899A priority patent/RU2637458C2/en
Priority to ES14705528T priority patent/ES2590779T5/en
Priority to EP14705528.9A priority patent/EP2959028B2/en
Priority to JP2015558448A priority patent/JP6143892B2/en
Publication of EP2770071A1 publication Critical patent/EP2770071A1/en
Priority to US14/826,244 priority patent/US10501833B2/en
Publication of EP2770071B1 publication Critical patent/EP2770071B1/en
Publication of EP2770071B2 publication Critical patent/EP2770071B2/en
Publication of EP2770071B9 publication Critical patent/EP2770071B9/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D7/00Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
    • B22D7/005Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals from non-ferrous metals
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an aluminum alloy strip and uses therefor.
  • Semi-finished products and components for motor vehicles have to meet different requirements depending on their location and intended use in the motor vehicle, in particular with regard to their mechanical properties and their corrosion properties.
  • the mechanical properties are predominantly determined, for example, by the rigidity, which depends in particular on the shape of these parts.
  • the strength has a minor influence, although the materials used must not be too soft.
  • Good formability is very important, since the components and semi-finished products generally go through complex forming processes, for example in the manufacture of door interior parts. This applies in particular to components that are manufactured in a one-piece sheet metal shell construction, e.g. a sheet metal inner door with integrated window frame area. By saving joining operations, such components have cost advantages compared to an attached profile solution for the window frame.
  • corrosion resistance also plays a major role in motor vehicles, since motor vehicle components such as door interior parts are exposed to splash water, condensation water or condensation water. It is therefore desirable that the motor vehicle components have good resistance to various corrosion attacks, in particular to intergranular corrosion and to filiform corrosion.
  • Filiform corrosion means a type of corrosion that occurs in coated components and shows a thread-like course. Filiform corrosion occurs in high humidity in the presence of chloride ions.
  • Hardenable AA 6xxx alloys have high strengths as well as good resistance to intergranular corrosion and filiform corrosion, but are much more difficult to form than AA 8006 and are therefore not particularly suitable for the production of complex components such as door parts.
  • the production of semi-finished products and components from an AA 6xxx alloy is quite complex and expensive, since it requires continuous annealing as a special process step.
  • AA 5xxx alloys with a high magnesium content combine high strength with quite good formability.
  • the formability is not as good as that of steel solutions, which leads to restrictions in the design of the components.
  • these alloys tend to intergranular corrosion.
  • Steel materials are very easy to form, but have the same rigidity and a weight disadvantage and are also prone to corrosion.
  • the present invention is based on the object of providing an aluminum alloy strip which is highly malleable, medium-strength and corrosion-resistant. Should continue advantageous uses for the tape are provided. This object is achieved with an aluminum alloy strip and a use of the strip with the features of claims 1 or 8 and 9.
  • the aforementioned object is achieved according to the invention in that the alloy components of the aluminum alloy have the following proportions in percent by weight: Fe ⁇ 0.80%, Si ⁇ 0.50%, 0.90% ⁇ Mn ⁇ 1.50%, Mg ⁇ 0.25%, Cu ⁇ 0.20%, Cr ⁇ 0.05%, Ti ⁇ 0.05%, V ⁇ 0.05%, Zr ⁇ 0.05%,
  • the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention is based on the alloy type AA 3xxx, in particular AA 3103 (AlMn1). Such alloys have a very good formability, but are usually too soft for many applications such as components of motor vehicles.
  • the addition of certain alloying elements, in particular Mg and Cu, can increase the strength of the aluminum alloy, but this also leads to a significant reduction in ductility and thus in turn to poorer formability.
  • the combined proportion of copper and magnesium in the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention must be precisely controlled in order to achieve the desired mechanical properties, namely an elastic limit R p0.2 of at least 45 MPa with a uniform expansion A g of at least 23% and an elongation at break A 80mm of at least 30%, with good corrosion resistance.
  • an elastic limit R p0.2 of at least 45 MPa with a uniform expansion A g of at least 23% and an elongation at break A 80mm of at least 30%
  • a combination of Mg and Cu between 0.15 and 0.25% by weight achieves a combination of strength and formability of the aluminum alloy that is advantageous for the applications mentioned.
  • the combined proportion of magnesium and copper must be at least 0.17% by weight so that the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention achieves sufficient strength, in particular with an elastic limit R p0.2 of at least 45 MPa.
  • the combined proportion of Mg and Cu must be limited to at most 0.25% by weight, preferably at most 0.23% by weight, in particular at most 0.20% by weight, since otherwise uniform expansion A g and elongation at break A 80 mm fall too much, namely below 23% for A g or below 30% for A 80mm .
  • the combined proportion of magnesium and copper is generally understood to mean the sum of the two individual proportions for Mg and Cu in% by weight.
  • the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention has a Cu content of at most 0.20% by weight, preferably at most 0.10% by weight, in particular at most 0.05% by weight, and a magnesium Proportion of at most 0.25% by weight, preferably at most 0.2% by weight. Furthermore, the aluminum alloy preferably has a Mg content of at least 0.06% by weight, more preferably of at least 0.10% by weight, in particular of at least 0.15% by weight.
  • the previously described aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention has proven to be highly malleable and medium-strength in tests.
  • the aluminum alloy can be used particularly well for semi-finished products and components of motor vehicles, the production of which comprises complex forming processes.
  • With the aluminum alloy it is sometimes even possible to achieve such a good formability that semi-finished products and components made from the alloy can be formed on forming tools for steel components.
  • the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention has good corrosion resistance. In particular, no intercrystalline corrosion occurs with AA 3xxx alloys, to which the above-mentioned alloy belongs. Furthermore, the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention showed in laboratory tests a considerably better resistance to filiform corrosion than, for example, AA 8006 alloys.
  • the elements titanium, chromium, vanadium and in particular zircon can hinder the recrystallization during the final annealing and thus impair the formability of the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention.
  • the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention therefore has Ti, Cr, V and Zr portions of at most 0.05% by weight and preferably in particular a Zr portion of at most 0.02% by weight. -% on.
  • the proportions of all other inevitable accompanying elements are individually less than 0.05% by weight and together less than 0.15% by weight, so that they do not cause any undesirable phase formation and / or negative influences on the material properties.
  • the Mg content of the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention is greater than the Cu content of the aluminum alloy. In this way, the corrosion behavior of the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention, in particular with regard to filiform corrosion, can be further improved.
  • the formability of the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention is further improved in a further embodiment in that the aluminum alloy has a Cr content ⁇ 0.02% by weight, preferably ⁇ 0.01% by weight, and / or a V content ⁇ 0.02 wt .-%, preferably ⁇ 0.01 wt .-%, and / or a Zr content ⁇ 0.01 wt .-%.
  • Titanium can be added during the continuous casting of the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention as a grain refining agent, for example in the form of Ti boride wire or rods.
  • the aluminum alloy therefore has a Ti content of at least 0.01% by weight, preferably of at least 0.015% by weight, in particular of at least 0.02% by weight.
  • the material properties of the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention can be improved in that the aluminum alloy has an Fe content of ⁇ 0.7% by weight, preferably ⁇ 0.6% by weight, in particular ⁇ 0.5% by weight. %, having.
  • the further limitation of the Fe content prevents the susceptibility of the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention to filiform corrosion.
  • the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention preferably has a Si content of 0,4 0.4% by weight, preferably ⁇ 0.3% by weight, in particular ⁇ 0.25% by weight.
  • the further restriction of the Si content can prevent the formability from being reduced too much.
  • the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention further preferably has an Fe content of at least 0.10% by weight, preferably at least 0.25% by weight, in particular at least 0.40% by weight, and / or Si content of at least 0.06% by weight, preferably at least 0.10% by weight, in particular at least 0.15% by weight.
  • the alloy components of the aluminum alloy have the following proportions in percent by weight: 0.40% ⁇ Fe ⁇ 0.70%, 0.10% ⁇ Si ⁇ 0.25%, 1.00% ⁇ Mn ⁇ 1.20%, Mg ⁇ 0.25%, Cu ⁇ 0.10%, Cr ⁇ 0.02%, Ti ⁇ 0.05%, V ⁇ 0.05%, Zr ⁇ 0.05%,
  • the formability of this alloy can be improved in that the alloy has a V content 0,0 0.02% by weight and / or a Zr content ⁇ 0.01% by weight. Grain refinement can also be improved by a Ti content of at least 0.01% by weight.
  • the alloy components of the aluminum alloy have the following proportions in percent by weight: 0.40% ⁇ Fe ⁇ 0.70%, 0.10% ⁇ Si ⁇ 0.25%, 1.00% ⁇ Mn ⁇ 1.20%, Mg ⁇ 0.20%, Cu ⁇ 0.05%, Cr ⁇ 0.02%, Ti ⁇ 0.05%, V ⁇ 0.05%, Zr ⁇ 0.05%,
  • the formability of this alloy can be improved in that the alloy has a V content 0,0 0.02% by weight and / or a Zr content ⁇ 0.01% by weight. Grain refinement can also be improved by a Ti content of at least 0.01% by weight.
  • this process can be used to produce an aluminum alloy strip that is highly malleable, medium-strength and corrosion-resistant, especially against intergranular corrosion and filiform corrosion. Furthermore, this process allows the aluminum alloy strip to be produced economically, since the process comprises standard process steps (i.e. continuous casting, homogenizing, hot rolling, cold rolling, soft annealing) and does not necessarily require special, complex process steps such as continuous strip annealing.
  • the rolling ingot is preferably cast in DC continuous casting. Alternatively, however, a strip casting process can also be used, for example.
  • the billet By homogenizing the billet at 480 ° C to 600 ° C, preferably at 500 ° C to 600 ° C, in particular at 530 ° C to 580 ° C, for at least 0.5 h, it is achieved that the aluminum alloy strip after the final annealing has fine-grained structure with good strength and formability. These properties can be further improved by homogenizing the billet for at least 2 hours.
  • the hot rolling of the rolled ingot takes place at a temperature between 280 ° C. and 500 ° C., preferably between 300 ° C. and 400 ° C., in particular between 320 ° C. and 380 ° C.
  • the billet is preferably rolled down to a thickness between 3 and 12 mm. This ensures that a sufficiently high degree of rolling, preferably at least 70%, in particular at least 80%, is achieved in the subsequent cold rolling, by means of which the strength, formability and elongation values of the aluminum alloy strip are also determined.
  • the cold rolling of the aluminum alloy strip can be done in one or more passes.
  • the aluminum alloy strip is preferably rolled to a final thickness in the range from 0.2 to 5 mm, preferably from 0.25 to 4 mm, in particular from 0.5 to 3.6 mm.
  • the desired material properties of the aluminum alloy strip can be achieved particularly well in these thickness ranges.
  • the final annealing of the aluminum strip enables a fine-grained, crystallized structure with good strength and formability to be achieved.
  • the final annealing is therefore a recrystallizing soft annealing.
  • the final annealing can take place in particular in a chamber furnace at 300 ° C. to 400 ° C., preferably at 320 ° C. to 360 ° C. or in a continuous furnace at 450 ° C. to 550 ° C., preferably at 470 ° C. to 530 ° C.
  • the chamber furnace is less expensive to operate and purchase than the continuous furnace.
  • the final annealing time in the chamber furnace is typically 1 hour or more.
  • This process step can improve the corrosion properties of the aluminum alloy strip produced or of an end product produced from this aluminum alloy strip.
  • the milling of the top and / or bottom of the roll ingot can be carried out, for example, after casting and before homogenizing the roll ingot.
  • the at least two-stage homogenization enables a fine-grained structure with good strength and formability to be achieved after the final annealing. It has been shown that in this way, after the final annealing, in particular grain sizes, determined according to ASTM E1382, of less than 45 ⁇ m, in particular even less than 35 ⁇ m, can be achieved.
  • the second homogenization is preferably carried out at the hot rolling temperature which the rolling bar has at the beginning of the subsequent hot rolling step.
  • the upper and / or lower side of the roll ingot can be milled between the first homogenization and the second homogenization, particularly preferably after the roll ingot has cooled to room temperature.
  • the degree of rolling during cold rolling is at least 70%, preferably at least 80%. Due to this minimum degree of rolling, a fine-grained structure with good strength and formability can be achieved with the aluminum alloy strip after the final annealing.
  • the degree of rolling during cold rolling is a maximum of 90%, preferably a maximum of 85%. This maximum degree of rolling can prevent an excessive decrease in the elongation values of the aluminum alloy strip.
  • the method can be carried out particularly economically in that the cold rolling is carried out without intermediate annealing. It has been found that the desired properties of the aluminum alloy strip can also be achieved without intermediate annealing. In the production of the aluminum alloy strip, there is preferably also no complex and expensive continuous strip annealing.
  • the aluminum alloy strip is annealed between two cold rolling passes, in particular between the penultimate and the last cold rolling pass, in particular at one temperature from 300 ° C to 400 ° C, preferably at a temperature of 330 ° C to 370 ° C.
  • the intermediate annealing can take place, for example, in a chamber furnace.
  • the intermediate annealing is in particular an intermediate soft annealing of the strip.
  • the intermediate annealing is preferably carried out when the degree of rolling during cold rolling is more than 85%, in particular more than 90%.
  • the cold rolling and the intermediate annealing are then preferably carried out such that the degree of rolling after the intermediate annealing is less than 90%, in particular less than 85%.
  • the degree of rolling after the intermediate annealing is particularly preferably between 70% and 90%, in particular between 80% and 85%.
  • the object described above is achieved according to the invention in the case of an aluminum alloy strip, which is preferably produced using one of the methods described above , in that the aluminum alloy strip consists of the alloy described above and an elastic limit R p0.2 of at least 45 MPa, a uniform expansion A g of has at least 23% and an elongation at break A 80mm of at least 30%.
  • an aluminum alloy strip according to the invention can be produced with the alloy described and in particular also by the method described above, which has the material properties mentioned above and also has good corrosion resistance to intergranular corrosion and filiform corrosion.
  • the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention is therefore particularly well suited for components and semi-finished products for motor vehicles, in particular for coated components such as interior door components.
  • the proof stress R p0.2 is determined according to DIN EN ISO 6892-1: 2009.
  • the uniform elongation A g and the elongation A 80mm are also determined according to DIN EN ISO 6892-1: 2009 with a flat tensile test according to DIN EN ISO 6892-1: 2009, Appendix B, Form 2.
  • the aluminum alloy strip has a thickness in the range from 0.2 to 5 mm, preferably from 0.25 to 4 mm, in particular from 0.5 to 3.6 mm.
  • the desired material properties of the aluminum alloy strip can be achieved particularly well in these thickness ranges.
  • the object described above is further achieved by the use of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention described above for semi-finished products or components for motor vehicles, in particular for coated components for motor vehicles. It has been found that material properties which are particularly advantageous for these uses can be achieved with the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention. According to one embodiment, the aluminum alloy strip can be used particularly advantageously for interior door components of a motor vehicle.
  • the object described above is further achieved by the use of a sheet made from an aluminum alloy strip according to the invention as a component in the motor vehicle.
  • a sheet made from an aluminum alloy strip according to the invention as a component in the motor vehicle.
  • the material properties of the aluminum alloy strip and thus also the material properties of a sheet made from it are particularly suitable for use in a motor vehicle, especially as an inner door sheet.
  • the sheet metal produced from the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention is particularly preferably used for coated, in particular painted, components of a motor vehicle.
  • Fig. 1 shows a flow chart for a first embodiment of the method for producing an aluminum alloy strip according to the invention.
  • a billet is first cast from an aluminum alloy.
  • the casting can take place, for example, in DC continuous casting or in strip casting.
  • the billet is homogenized in step 4 at a temperature in the range from 480 ° C to 600 ° C for at least 0.5 h.
  • the billet is then hot-rolled to a final thickness between 3 and 12 mm at a temperature in the range from 280 ° C to 500 ° C.
  • the hot strip hot-rolled from the rolled bar is then cold-rolled in step 8 to a final thickness of preferably 0.2 mm to 5 mm.
  • the aluminum alloy strip is finally annealed, for example in a chamber furnace at a temperature between 300 ° C and 400 ° C or in a continuous furnace between 450 ° C and 550 ° C.
  • the top and / or bottom of the billet can optionally be milled in a step 12.
  • the aluminum alloy strip can optionally be annealed in a step 14, preferably in a chamber furnace at a temperature between 300 ° C. and 400 ° C.
  • the intermediate annealing is particularly suitable for improving the material properties of the aluminum alloy strip if the hot strip is relatively thick and therefore the degree of rolling in cold rolling is more than 85% overall, in particular more than 90%.
  • the intermediate annealing is preferably carried out before the last cold rolling pass.
  • the degree of rolling during cold rolling is, for example, a total of approximately 96.7%.
  • the hot strip can first be rolled to 2 mm in a first cold rolling pass, then annealed and finally rolled to 0.4 mm in a second cold rolling pass.
  • the degree of rolling after the intermediate annealing is then only 80% and is therefore in a preferred range.
  • Figure 2 shows a part of a flow chart for further exemplary embodiments of the method.
  • the process sequence of these exemplary embodiments essentially agrees with the process sequence with reference to Figure 1 described method.
  • the homogenization of the billet takes place in the exemplary embodiments Figure 2 however, not in step 4, but in a step 16, which is divided into several individual steps.
  • Figure 2 shows possible sequences of the individual steps of step 16.
  • a first homogenization at a temperature between 550 and 600 ° C. for at least 0.5 h, preferably for at least 2 h.
  • the billet is cooled to the temperature of the second homogenization in the range from 450 ° C. and 550 ° C., before the second homogenization at this temperature in turn in the subsequent step 22 for at least 0.5 h, preferably for at least 2 h, is done.
  • the billet can also be cooled to room temperature in a step 24 and warmed to the temperature for the second homogenization in a subsequent step 26.
  • the top and / or bottom of the roll bar can optionally be milled.
  • aluminum alloys of the AA 3xxx type in particular based on AA 3103, with different Mg and Cu contents were produced.
  • the alloy compositions of these aluminum alloys are compiled in Table 1 below, the individual alloy proportions each being given in% by weight. Table 1 No.
  • Alloys Nos. 5-7 are exemplary embodiments of the strips according to the invention made of alloy (E), while alloys Nos. 1-4 and 8-11 are comparative examples (V).
  • Aluminum alloy strips were then made from these aluminum alloys Nos. 1-11 using the previously described process. Specifically, each of these alloys 1 to 11 was cast in a DC ingot with a thickness of 600 mm, which was then homogenized in two stages, first for several hours at approx. 580 ° C and then for several hours approx. 500 ° C. After homogenization, the rolled bars were hot-rolled at about 500 ° C. to form aluminum alloy hot strips with a thickness of 4 to 8 mm. These aluminum alloy hot strips were then cold rolled to a final thickness of 1.2 mm and finally subjected to a recrystallizing final annealing at 350 ° C. for 1 h.
  • the aluminum alloy strips were then examined for their mechanical properties, in particular for their strength and formability.
  • Table 2 also shows in the last line the corresponding material properties of an alloy of the type AA 8006, as is known from the prior art.
  • the good formability is particularly evident from the measured cupping value, which in the aluminum alloy strips according to the invention preferably has a value SZ 32 15 15.8 mm, in particular hearing 15.9 mm.
  • the aluminum alloy tapes No. 5 - 7 have the same strength only a slightly poorer formability than the comparison alloy AA 8006.
  • the aluminum alloy tapes No. 5 - 7 have the advantage over the alloy AA 8006 that they are considerably better Have corrosion resistance. In principle, intergranular corrosion does not occur with AA 3xxx alloys.
  • Table 2 show that the exemplary embodiments for the aluminum alloy strips according to the invention also achieve good values for the tensile strength R m and for the n and r values, which are in particular within the scope of conventional AA 3xxx alloys or are even better.
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of a typical component of a motor vehicle in the form of an inner door part.
  • Such inner door parts 40 are usually made of steel. However, steel components are heavy and prone to corrosion with the same rigidity.
  • aluminum alloys described above such as aluminum alloys No. 5-7, can be used to produce aluminum alloy strips which are highly formable, medium-strength and very corrosion-resistant, in particular against intergranular corrosion and also against filiform corrosion.
  • the material properties of these aluminum alloy strips or the sheets produced from them are therefore particularly favorable for the production of motor vehicle components, such as the door inner part 40.
  • the good resistance to filiform corrosion is particularly evident when using the aluminum alloys for coated, in particular painted, components such as the inner door part 40, advantageous.
  • the components made from these aluminum alloy strips have better corrosion resistance than corresponding components made from steel or from an alloy of type AA 8006. At the same time, they have a significantly lower weight than components made from steel.

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Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Aluminiumlegierungsband und Verwendungen dafür.The invention relates to an aluminum alloy strip and uses therefor.

Halbzeuge und Bauteile für Kraftfahrzeuge müssen abhängig von ihrem Einsatzort und Einsatzzweck im Kraftfahrzeug unterschiedliche Anforderungen erfüllen, insbesondere in Bezug auf ihre mechanischen Eigenschaften sowie auf ihre Korrosionseigenschaften.Semi-finished products and components for motor vehicles have to meet different requirements depending on their location and intended use in the motor vehicle, in particular with regard to their mechanical properties and their corrosion properties.

Bei Türinnenteilen werden die mechanischen Eigenschaften beispielsweise vorwiegend durch die Steifigkeit bestimmt, welche insbesondere von der Formgebung dieser Teile abhängt. Die Festigkeit hat demgegenüber einen untergeordneten Einfluss, wobei die verwendeten Werkstoffe jedoch auch nicht zu weich sein dürfen. Eine gute Umformbarkeit ist demgegenüber sehr wichtig, da die Bauteile und Halbzeuge zum Beispiel bei der Herstellung von Türinnenteilen im Allgemeinen komplexe Umformprozesse durchlaufen. Das betrifft insbesondere Bauteile, die in einer einteiligen Blechschalenbauweise hergestellt werden, wie z.B. eine Blechinnentür mit integriertem Fensterrahmenbereich. Solche Bauteile haben durch die Einsparung von Fügeoperationen Kostenvorteile gegenüber einer angebauten Profillösung für den Fensterrahmen.In the case of interior door parts, the mechanical properties are predominantly determined, for example, by the rigidity, which depends in particular on the shape of these parts. In contrast, the strength has a minor influence, although the materials used must not be too soft. Good formability, on the other hand, is very important, since the components and semi-finished products generally go through complex forming processes, for example in the manufacture of door interior parts. This applies in particular to components that are manufactured in a one-piece sheet metal shell construction, e.g. a sheet metal inner door with integrated window frame area. By saving joining operations, such components have cost advantages compared to an attached profile solution for the window frame.

Vorteilhaft wäre insbesondere, wenn sich ein entsprechendes Halbzeug oder Bauteil aus einer Aluminiumlegierung auf einem Werkzeug für Stahlbauteile umformen ließe, da in diesem Fall auf demselben Werkzeug je nach Bedarf Aluminium- oder Stahlbauteile hergestellt werden können und so Investitions- und Betriebskosten für ein zusätzliches Werkzeug reduziert bzw. vermieden werden können.It would be particularly advantageous if a corresponding semifinished product or component made of an aluminum alloy could be formed on a tool for steel components, since in this case aluminum or steel components can be produced on the same tool as required, thus reducing investment and operating costs for an additional tool or can be avoided.

Aus den zuvor genannten Gründen besteht im Bereich der Kraftfahrzeugindustrie ein großes Interesse an hochumformbaren, mittelfesten Aluminiumlegierungen, die insbesondere eine bessere Umformbarkeit aufweisen, als beispielsweise die Standardlegierung AA (Aluminum Association) 5005 (AlMgl).For the reasons mentioned above, there is great interest in the automotive industry in highly formable, medium strength aluminum alloys, which in particular have better formability than, for example, the standard alloy AA (Aluminum Association) 5005 (AlMgl).

Neben den mechanischen Eigenschaften spielt bei Kraftfahrzeugen auch die Korrosionsbeständigkeit eine große Rolle, da Kraftfahrzeugbauteile wie Türinnenteile Spritzwasser, Kondenswasser oder Schwitzwasser ausgesetzt sind. Es ist daher wünschenswert, dass die Kraftfahrzeugbauteile eine gute Beständigkeit gegen verschiedene Korrosionsangriffe, insbesondere gegen interkristalline Korrosion und gegen Filiform-Korrosion aufweisen.In addition to the mechanical properties, corrosion resistance also plays a major role in motor vehicles, since motor vehicle components such as door interior parts are exposed to splash water, condensation water or condensation water. It is therefore desirable that the motor vehicle components have good resistance to various corrosion attacks, in particular to intergranular corrosion and to filiform corrosion.

Unter Filiform-Korrosion wird ein Korrosionstyp verstanden, der bei beschichteten Bauteilen auftritt und einen fadenförmigen Verlauf zeigt. Die Filiform-Korrosion tritt bei hoher Luftfeuchtigkeit in Gegenwart von Chloridionen auf.Filiform corrosion means a type of corrosion that occurs in coated components and shows a thread-like course. Filiform corrosion occurs in high humidity in the presence of chloride ions.

In der Vergangenheit wurde versucht, Halbzeuge bzw. Bauteile für Kraftfahrzeuge aus der Legierung AA 8006 (AlFe1,5Mn0,5) herzustellen. Mit dieser Legierung können zwar Halbzeuge mit einer ausreichenden Festigkeit und einer hohen Umformbarkeit hergestellt werden, jedoch zeigten die entsprechenden Bauteile nach dem Lackieren eine hohe Anfälligkeit für Filiform-Korrosion, so dass die Legierung AA 8006 für beschichtete, insbesondere lackierte Bauteile wie Türinnenteile, nicht geeignet ist.In the past, attempts have been made to manufacture semi-finished products or components for motor vehicles from the alloy AA 8006 (AlFe1.5Mn0.5). With this alloy, semi-finished products with sufficient strength and high formability can be produced, but the corresponding components showed a high susceptibility to filiform corrosion after painting, so that the alloy AA 8006 is not suitable for coated, especially painted components such as door parts is.

Aushärtbare AA 6xxx-Legierungen weisen hohe Festigkeiten sowie eine gute Beständigkeit gegen interkristalline Korrosion und gegen Filiform-Korrosion auf, sind jedoch deutlich schlechter umformbar als AA 8006 und daher zur Herstellung komplexer Bauteile wie zum Beispiel von Türinnenteilen nicht besonders gut geeignet. Zudem ist die Herstellung von Halbzeugen und Bauteilen aus einer AA 6xxx-Legierung recht aufwändig und teuer, da sie als besonderen Verfahrensschritt eine Durchlaufglühung erfordert.Hardenable AA 6xxx alloys have high strengths as well as good resistance to intergranular corrosion and filiform corrosion, but are much more difficult to form than AA 8006 and are therefore not particularly suitable for the production of complex components such as door parts. In addition, the production of semi-finished products and components from an AA 6xxx alloy is quite complex and expensive, since it requires continuous annealing as a special process step.

AA 5xxx-Legierungen mit hohen Magnesium-Anteilen vereinigen hohe Festigkeiten mit einer recht guten Umformbarkeit. Allerdings reicht die Umformbarkeit nicht an diejenige von Stahllösungen heran, was zu Einschränkungen im Design der Bauteile führt. Zudem neigen diese Legierungen zu interkristalliner Korrosion. Stahlwerkstoffe sind zwar sehr gut umformbar, haben allerdings bei gleicher Steifigkeit einen Gewichtsnachteil und sind ebenfalls korrosionsanfällig. Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Aluminiumlegierungsband zur Verfügung zu stellen, das hoch-umformbar, mittelfest und korrosionsbeständig ist. Weiterhin sollen vorteilhafte Verwendungen für das Band zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Diese Aufgabe wird mit einem Aluminiumlegierungsband und einer Verwendung des Bandes mit den Merkmalen der Patentansprüche 1 bzw. 8 und 9 gelöst.AA 5xxx alloys with a high magnesium content combine high strength with quite good formability. However, the formability is not as good as that of steel solutions, which leads to restrictions in the design of the components. In addition, these alloys tend to intergranular corrosion. Steel materials are very easy to form, but have the same rigidity and a weight disadvantage and are also prone to corrosion. Starting from this prior art, the present invention is based on the object of providing an aluminum alloy strip which is highly malleable, medium-strength and corrosion-resistant. Should continue advantageous uses for the tape are provided. This object is achieved with an aluminum alloy strip and a use of the strip with the features of claims 1 or 8 and 9.

In Bezug auf die Aluminiumlegierung des Aluminiumlegierungsbandes wird die zuvor genannte Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass die Legierungsbestandteile der Aluminiumlegierung die folgenden Anteile in Gewichtsprozent aufweisen: Fe 0,80 %, Si 0,50 %, 0,90 % ≤ Mn 1,50 %, Mg 0,25 %, Cu 0,20 %, Cr 0,05 %, Ti 0,05 %, V 0,05 %, Zr 0,05 %, With regard to the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip, the aforementioned object is achieved according to the invention in that the alloy components of the aluminum alloy have the following proportions in percent by weight: Fe 0.80%, Si 0.50%, 0.90% ≤ Mn 1.50%, Mg 0.25%, Cu 0.20%, Cr 0.05%, Ti 0.05%, V 0.05%, Zr 0.05%,

Rest Aluminium, unvermeidliche Begleitelemente einzeln < 0,05 %, in Summe < 0,15 %, und der kombinierte Anteil von Mg und Cu folgende Relation in Gew.-% erfüllt: 0,17 % Mg + Cu 0,25 % .

Figure imgb0001
Rest of aluminum, unavoidable accompanying elements individually <0.05%, in total <0.15%, and the combined proportion of Mg and Cu fulfills the following relation in% by weight: 0.17 % Mg + Cu 0.25 % .
Figure imgb0001

Die Aluminiumlegierung des erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbandes basiert auf dem Legierungstyp AA 3xxx, insbesondere AA 3103 (AlMn1). Derartige Legierungen weisen zwar eine sehr gute Umformbarkeit auf, sind aber normalerweise für viele Anwendungen wie Bauteile von Kraftfahrzeugen zu weich. Durch die Zugabe bestimmter Legierungselemente, insbesondere Mg und Cu, kann die Festigkeit der Aluminiumlegierung zwar erhöht werden, jedoch führt dies auch zu einer deutlichen Senkung der Duktilität und damit wiederum zu einer schlechteren Umformbarkeit.The aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention is based on the alloy type AA 3xxx, in particular AA 3103 (AlMn1). Such alloys have a very good formability, but are usually too soft for many applications such as components of motor vehicles. The addition of certain alloying elements, in particular Mg and Cu, can increase the strength of the aluminum alloy, but this also leads to a significant reduction in ductility and thus in turn to poorer formability.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung wurde unter anderem erkannt, dass der kombinierte Anteil von Kupfer und Magnesium bei der Aluminiumlegierung des erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbandes genau kontrolliert werden muss, um die gewünschten mechanischen Eigenschaften, nämlich eine Dehngrenze Rp0,2 von mindestens 45 MPa bei einer Gleichmaßdehnung Ag von mindestens 23 % sowie einer Bruchdehnung A80mm von mindestens 30 %, bei guter Korrosionsbeständigkeit zu erreichen. In Versuchen wurde festgestellt, dass bei einem kombinierten Anteil von Mg und Cu zwischen 0,15 und 0,25 Gew.-% eine für die genannten Anwendungen vorteilhafte Kombination von Festigkeit und Umformbarkeit der Aluminiumlegierung erzielt wird.In the context of the invention, it was recognized, among other things, that the combined proportion of copper and magnesium in the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention must be precisely controlled in order to achieve the desired mechanical properties, namely an elastic limit R p0.2 of at least 45 MPa with a uniform expansion A g of at least 23% and an elongation at break A 80mm of at least 30%, with good corrosion resistance. Experiments have shown that a combination of Mg and Cu between 0.15 and 0.25% by weight achieves a combination of strength and formability of the aluminum alloy that is advantageous for the applications mentioned.

Der kombinierte Anteil von Magnesium und Kupfer muss mindestens 0,17 Gew.-%, betragen, damit die Aluminiumlegierung des erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegieningsbandes eine ausreichende Festigkeit, insbesondere mit einer Dehngrenze Rp0,2 von mindestens 45 MPa, erreicht. Andererseits muss der kombinierte Anteil von Mg und Cu auf höchstens 0,25 Gew.-%, bevorzugt höchstens 0,23 Gew.-%, insbesondere höchstens 0,20 Gew.-% begrenzt werden, da ansonsten Gleichmaßdehnung Ag und Bruchdehnung A80mm zu sehr abfallen, nämlich insbesondere unter 23 % für Ag bzw. unter 30 % für A80mm. Unter dem kombinierten Anteil von Magnesium und Kupfer wird allgemein die Summe der beiden Einzelanteile für Mg und Cu in Gew.-% verstanden.The combined proportion of magnesium and copper must be at least 0.17% by weight so that the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention achieves sufficient strength, in particular with an elastic limit R p0.2 of at least 45 MPa. On the other hand, the combined proportion of Mg and Cu must be limited to at most 0.25% by weight, preferably at most 0.23% by weight, in particular at most 0.20% by weight, since otherwise uniform expansion A g and elongation at break A 80 mm fall too much, namely below 23% for A g or below 30% for A 80mm . The combined proportion of magnesium and copper is generally understood to mean the sum of the two individual proportions for Mg and Cu in% by weight.

Hinsichtlich der einzelnen Anteile weist die Aluminiumlegierung des erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegieningsbandes einen Cu-Anteil von maximal 0,20 Gew.-%, bevorzugt von maximal 0,10 Gew.-%, insbesondere von maximal 0,05 Gew.-%, und einen Magnesium-Anteil von maximal 0,25 Gew.-%, bevorzugt maximal 0,2 Gew.-%, auf. Weiterhin weist die Aluminiumlegierung vorzugsweise einen Mg-Anteil von mindestens 0,06 Gew.-%, weiter bevorzugt von mindestens 0,10 Gew.-%, insbesondere von mindestens 0,15 Gew.-% auf.With regard to the individual proportions, the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention has a Cu content of at most 0.20% by weight, preferably at most 0.10% by weight, in particular at most 0.05% by weight, and a magnesium Proportion of at most 0.25% by weight, preferably at most 0.2% by weight. Furthermore, the aluminum alloy preferably has a Mg content of at least 0.06% by weight, more preferably of at least 0.10% by weight, in particular of at least 0.15% by weight.

Die zuvor beschriebene, Aluminiumlegierung des erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbandes hat sich in Versuchen als hoch-umformbar und mittelfest erwiesen. Dadurch kann die Aluminiumlegierung besonders gut für Halbzeuge und Bauteile von Kraftfahrzeugen verwendet werden, deren Herstellung komplexe Umformprozesse umfasst. Mit der Aluminiumlegierung kann teilweise insbesondere sogar eine so gute Umformbarkeit erreicht werden, dass Halbzeuge und Bauteile aus der Legierung auf Umformwerkzeugen für Stahlbauteile umgeformt werden können.The previously described aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention has proven to be highly malleable and medium-strength in tests. As a result, the aluminum alloy can be used particularly well for semi-finished products and components of motor vehicles, the production of which comprises complex forming processes. With the aluminum alloy, it is sometimes even possible to achieve such a good formability that semi-finished products and components made from the alloy can be formed on forming tools for steel components.

Weiterhin hat sich in Versuchen gezeigt, dass die Aluminiumlegierung des erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbandes eine gute Korrosionsbeständigkeit aufweist. Insbesondere tritt bei Legierungen vom Typ AA 3xxx, zu dem die oben genannte Legierung gehört, keine interkristalline Korrosion auf. Weiterhin zeigte die Aluminiumlegierung des erfindunesgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbandes in Laboruntersuchungen eine erheblich bessere Beständigkeit gegenüber Filiform-Korrosion als beispielsweise AA 8006-Legierungen.Tests have also shown that the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention has good corrosion resistance. In particular, no intercrystalline corrosion occurs with AA 3xxx alloys, to which the above-mentioned alloy belongs. Furthermore, the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention showed in laboratory tests a considerably better resistance to filiform corrosion than, for example, AA 8006 alloys.

Die Wirkung der einzelnen Legierungsbestandteile wird nun im Folgenden erläutert:

  • Der Mn-Anteil der Legierung von 0,9 bis 1,5 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise von 1,0 bis 1,4 Gew.-%, insbesondere von 1,0 bis 1,2 Gew.-%, führt in Kombination mit den Fe- und Si-Anteilen in den angegebenen Mengen insbesondere zu relativ gleichförmig verteilten, kompakten Partikeln der quaternären α-Al(Fe,Mn)Si-Phase, die die Festigkeit der Aluminiumlegierung des erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbandes steigern, ohne andere Eigenschaften wie die Umformbarkeit oder das Korrosionsverhalten negativ zu beeinflussen.
The effect of the individual alloy components is now explained below:
  • The Mn content of the alloy from 0.9 to 1.5% by weight, preferably from 1.0 to 1.4% by weight, in particular from 1.0 to 1.2% by weight, results in combination with the Fe and Si fractions in the specified amounts, in particular to relatively uniformly distributed, compact particles of the quaternary α-Al (Fe, Mn) Si phase, which increase the strength of the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention, without other properties such as formability or negatively influence the corrosion behavior.

Die Elemente Titan, Chrom, Vanadium und insbesondere Zirkon können die Rekristallisation bei der Schlussglühung behindern und damit die Umformbarkeit der Aluminiumlegierung des erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbandes verschlechtem. Um eine bessere Umformbarkeit zu erzielen, weist die Aluminiumlegierung des erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbandes daher Ti-, Cr-, V- und Zr-Anteile von jeweils maximal 0,05 Gew.-% und bevorzugt insbesondere einen Zr-Anteil von maximal 0,02 Gew.-% auf.The elements titanium, chromium, vanadium and in particular zircon can hinder the recrystallization during the final annealing and thus impair the formability of the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention. In order to achieve better formability, the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention therefore has Ti, Cr, V and Zr portions of at most 0.05% by weight and preferably in particular a Zr portion of at most 0.02% by weight. -% on.

Die Anteile aller anderen unvermeidlichen Begleitelemente betragen einzeln weniger als 0,05 Gew.-% und zusammen weniger als 0,15 Gew.-%, damit diese keine unerwünschte Phasenbildung und/oder negativen Einflüsse auf die Materialeigenschaften hervorrufen.The proportions of all other inevitable accompanying elements are individually less than 0.05% by weight and together less than 0.15% by weight, so that they do not cause any undesirable phase formation and / or negative influences on the material properties.

In einer ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Mg-Anteil der Aluminiumlegierung des erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbandes größer als der Cu-Anteil der Aluminiumlegierung. Auf diese Weise kann das Korrosionsverhalten der Aluminiumlegierung des erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbandes, insbesondere in Bezug auf die Filiform-Korrosion, weiter verbessert werden.In a first preferred embodiment, the Mg content of the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention is greater than the Cu content of the aluminum alloy. In this way, the corrosion behavior of the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention, in particular with regard to filiform corrosion, can be further improved.

Die Umformbarkeit der Aluminiumlegierung des erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbandes wird in einer weiteren Ausführungsform dadurch weiter verbessert, dass die Aluminiumlegierung einen Cr-Anteil ≤ 0,02 Gew.-%, bevorzugt ≤ 0,01 Gew.-%, und/oder einen V-Anteil ≤ 0,02 Gew.-%, bevorzugt ≤ 0,01 Gew.-%, und/oder einen Zr-Anteil ≤ 0,01 Gew.-% aufweist.The formability of the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention is further improved in a further embodiment in that the aluminum alloy has a Cr content ≤ 0.02% by weight, preferably ≤ 0.01% by weight, and / or a V content ≤ 0.02 wt .-%, preferably ≤ 0.01 wt .-%, and / or a Zr content ≤ 0.01 wt .-%.

Titan kann beim Stranggießen der Aluminiumlegierung des erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbandes als Kornfeinungsmittel zum Beispiel in Form von Ti-Borid-Draht oder -Stangen hinzugegeben werden. Daher weist die Aluminiumlegierung in einer weiteren Ausführungsform einen Ti-Anhalt von mindestens 0,01 Gew.-%, bevorzugt von mindestens 0,015 Gew.-%, insbesondere von mindestens 0,02 Gew.-% auf.Titanium can be added during the continuous casting of the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention as a grain refining agent, for example in the form of Ti boride wire or rods. In a further embodiment, the aluminum alloy therefore has a Ti content of at least 0.01% by weight, preferably of at least 0.015% by weight, in particular of at least 0.02% by weight.

Die Materialeigenschaften der Aluminiumlegierung des erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbandes lassen sich in einer weiteren Ausführungsform dadurch verbessern, dass die Aluminiumlegierung einen Fe-Anteil ≤ 0,7 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise ≤ 0,6 Gew.-%, insbesondere ≤ 0,5 Gew.-%, aufweist. Durch die weitere Beschränkung des Fe-Anteils wird verhindert, dass sich die Anfälligkeit der Aluminiumlegierung des erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbandes gegenüber Filiform-Korrosion erhöht.In a further embodiment, the material properties of the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention can be improved in that the aluminum alloy has an Fe content of ≤ 0.7% by weight, preferably ≤ 0.6% by weight, in particular ≤ 0.5% by weight. %, having. The further limitation of the Fe content prevents the susceptibility of the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention to filiform corrosion.

Weiterhin weist die Aluminiumlegierung des erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbandes bevorzugt einen Si-Anteil von ≤ 0,4 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise ≤ 0,3 Gew.-%, insbesondere ≤ 0,25 Gew.-%, auf. Durch die weitere Beschränkung des Si-Anteils kann verhindert werden, dass die Umformbarkeit zu sehr reduziert wird.Furthermore, the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention preferably has a Si content of 0,4 0.4% by weight, preferably ≤ 0.3% by weight, in particular ≤ 0.25% by weight. The further restriction of the Si content can prevent the formability from being reduced too much.

Zur Festigkeitssteigerung weist die Aluminiumlegierung des erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbandes weiterhin vorzugsweise einen Fe-Anteil von mindestens 0,10 Gew.-%, bevorzugt von mindestens 0,25 Gew.-%, insbesondere von mindestens 0,40 Gew.-%, und/oder einen Si-Anteil von mindestens 0,06 Gew.-%, bevorzugt mindestens 0,10 Gew.-%, insbesondere mindestens 0,15 Gew.-% auf.To increase the strength, the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention further preferably has an Fe content of at least 0.10% by weight, preferably at least 0.25% by weight, in particular at least 0.40% by weight, and / or Si content of at least 0.06% by weight, preferably at least 0.10% by weight, in particular at least 0.15% by weight.

Eine gute Festigkeit und Umformbarkeit werden bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Aluminiumlegierung des erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbandes dadurch erreicht, dass die Legierungsbestandteile der Aluminiumlegierung die folgenden Anteile in Gewichtsprozent aufweisen: 0,40 % Fe 0,70 %, 0,10 % Si 0,25 %, 1,00 % Mn 1,20 %, Mg 0,25 %, Cu 0,10 %, Cr 0,02 %, Ti 0,05 %, V 0,05 %, Zr 0,05 %, Good strength and formability are achieved in a preferred embodiment of the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention in that the alloy components of the aluminum alloy have the following proportions in percent by weight: 0.40% Fe 0.70%, 0.10% Si 0.25%, 1.00% Mn 1.20%, Mg 0.25%, Cu 0.10%, Cr 0.02%, Ti 0.05%, V 0.05%, Zr 0.05%,

Rest Aluminium, unvermeidliche Begleitelemente einzeln < 0,05 %, in Summe < 0,15 %, wobei der kombinierte Anteil von Mg und Cu folgende Relation in Gew.-% erfüllt: 0,17 % Mg + Cu 0,25 % .

Figure imgb0002
Rest of aluminum, unavoidable accompanying elements individually <0.05%, in total <0.15%, whereby the combined proportion of Mg and Cu fulfills the following relation in% by weight: 0.17 % Mg + Cu 0.25 % .
Figure imgb0002

Die Umformbarkeit dieser Legierung kann dadurch verbessert werden, dass die Legierung einen V-Anteil ≤ 0,02 Gew.-% und/oder einen Zr-Anteil ≤ 0,01 Gew.-% aufweist. Weiterhin kann die Kornfeinung durch einen Ti-Anteil von mindestens 0,01 Gew.-% verbessert werden.The formability of this alloy can be improved in that the alloy has a V content 0,0 0.02% by weight and / or a Zr content ≤ 0.01% by weight. Grain refinement can also be improved by a Ti content of at least 0.01% by weight.

Eine sehr gute Umformbarkeit bei ausreichender Festigkeit wird in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Aluminiumlegierung des erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbandes dadurch erreicht, dass die Legierungsbestandteile der Aluminiumlegierung die folgenden Anteile in Gewichtsprozent aufweisen: 0,40 % Fe 0,70 %, 0,10 % Si 0,25 %, 1,00 % Mn 1,20 %, Mg 0,20 %, Cu 0,05 %, Cr 0,02 %, Ti 0,05 %, V 0,05 %, Zr 0,05 %, In a preferred embodiment of the aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention, very good formability with sufficient strength is achieved in that the alloy components of the aluminum alloy have the following proportions in percent by weight: 0.40% Fe 0.70%, 0.10% Si 0.25%, 1.00% Mn 1.20%, Mg 0.20%, Cu 0.05%, Cr 0.02%, Ti 0.05%, V 0.05%, Zr 0.05%,

Rest Aluminium, unvermeidliche Begleitelemente einzeln < 0,05 %, in Summe < 0,15 %, wobei der kombinierte Anteil von Mg und Cu folgende Relation in Gew.-% erfüllt: 0,17 % Mg + Cu 0,20 % .

Figure imgb0003
Rest of aluminum, unavoidable accompanying elements individually <0.05%, in total <0.15%, whereby the combined proportion of Mg and Cu fulfills the following relation in% by weight: 0.17 % Mg + Cu 0.20 % .
Figure imgb0003

Die Umformbarkeit dieser Legierung kann dadurch verbessert werden, dass die Legierung einen V-Anteil ≤ 0,02 Gew.-% und/oder einen Zr-Anteil ≤ 0,01 Gew.-% aufweist. Weiterhin kann die Kornfeinung durch einen Ti-Anteil von mindestens 0,01 Gew.-% verbessert werden.The formability of this alloy can be improved in that the alloy has a V content 0,0 0.02% by weight and / or a Zr content ≤ 0.01% by weight. Grain refinement can also be improved by a Ti content of at least 0.01% by weight.

Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbands aus der Aluminiumlegierung umfasst folgende Verfahrensschritte:

  • Gießen eines Walzbarrens aus einer Aluminiumlegierung des erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbandes,
  • Homogenisieren des Walzbarrens bei 480 °C bis 600 °C für mindestens 0,5 h,
  • Warmwalzen des Walzbarrens bei 280 °C bis 500 °C zu einem Aluminiumlegierungsband,
  • Kaltwalzen des Aluminiumlegierungsbands auf Enddicke und
  • rekristallisierendes Schlussglühen des Aluminiumlegierungsbands.
A method for producing an aluminum alloy strip according to the invention from the aluminum alloy comprises the following process steps:
  • Casting of a billet from an aluminum alloy of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention,
  • Homogenize the billet at 480 ° C to 600 ° C for at least 0.5 h,
  • Hot rolling the billet at 280 ° C to 500 ° C to an aluminum alloy strip,
  • Cold rolling the aluminum alloy strip to final thickness and
  • recrystallizing final annealing of the aluminum alloy strip.

Die Verfahrensschritte des zuvor beschriebenen Verfahrens werden insbesondere in der angegebenen Reihenfolge durchgeführt.The process steps of the previously described process are carried out in particular in the order specified.

In Versuchen wurde festgestellt, dass mit diesem Verfahren ein Aluminiumlegierungsband hergestellt werden kann, welches hoch-umformbar, mittelfest und korrosionsbeständig, insbesondere gegenüber interkristalliner Korrosion und Filiform-Korrosion, ist. Weiterhin erlaubt dieses Verfahren eine wirtschaftliche Herstellung des Aluminiumlegierungsbands, da das Verfahren Standardprozessschritte (d.h. Strangguss, Homogenisieren, Warmwalzen, Kaltwalzen, Weichglühen) umfasst und nicht notwendigerweise besondere, aufwändige Verfahrensschritte wie zum Beispiel eine Banddurchlaufglühung erfordert.Experiments have shown that this process can be used to produce an aluminum alloy strip that is highly malleable, medium-strength and corrosion-resistant, especially against intergranular corrosion and filiform corrosion. Furthermore, this process allows the aluminum alloy strip to be produced economically, since the process comprises standard process steps (i.e. continuous casting, homogenizing, hot rolling, cold rolling, soft annealing) and does not necessarily require special, complex process steps such as continuous strip annealing.

Das Gießen des Walzbarrens erfolgt bevorzugt im DC-Strangguss. Alternativ kann jedoch beispielsweise auch ein Bandgussverfahren verwendet werden.The rolling ingot is preferably cast in DC continuous casting. Alternatively, however, a strip casting process can also be used, for example.

Durch das Homogenisieren des Walzbarrens bei 480 °C bis 600 °C, bevorzugt bei 500 °C bis 600 °C, insbesondere bei 530 °C bis 580 °C, für mindestens 0,5 h wird erreicht, dass das Aluminiumlegierungsband nach dem Schlussglühen ein feinkörniges Gefüge mit guter Festigkeit und Umformbarkeit aufweist. Diese Eigenschaften lassen sich weiter dadurch verbessern, dass das Homogenisieren des Walzbarrens für mindestens 2 h erfolgt.By homogenizing the billet at 480 ° C to 600 ° C, preferably at 500 ° C to 600 ° C, in particular at 530 ° C to 580 ° C, for at least 0.5 h, it is achieved that the aluminum alloy strip after the final annealing has fine-grained structure with good strength and formability. These properties can be further improved by homogenizing the billet for at least 2 hours.

Das Warmwalzen des Walzbarrens erfolgt bei einer Temperatur zwischen 280 °C und 500 °C, bevorzugt zwischen 300 °C und 400 °C, insbesondere zwischen 320 °C und 380 °C. Beim Warmwalzen wird der Walzbarren bevorzugt auf eine Dicke zwischen 3 und 12 mm heruntergewalzt. Auf diese Weise wird sichergestellt, dass beim nachfolgenden Kaltwalzen ein ausreichend hoher Abwalzgrad, bevorzugt von mindestens 70 %, insbesondere von mindestens 80 %, erreicht wird, durch den die Festigkeit, die Umformbarkeit und die Dehnungswerte des Aluminiumlegierungsbandes mitbestimmt werden.The hot rolling of the rolled ingot takes place at a temperature between 280 ° C. and 500 ° C., preferably between 300 ° C. and 400 ° C., in particular between 320 ° C. and 380 ° C. In hot rolling, the billet is preferably rolled down to a thickness between 3 and 12 mm. This ensures that a sufficiently high degree of rolling, preferably at least 70%, in particular at least 80%, is achieved in the subsequent cold rolling, by means of which the strength, formability and elongation values of the aluminum alloy strip are also determined.

Das Kaltwalzen des Aluminiumlegierungsbands kann in einem oder in mehreren Stichen erfolgen. Bevorzugt wird das Aluminiumlegierungsband auf eine Enddicke im Bereich von 0,2 bis 5 mm, bevorzugt von 0,25 bis 4 mm, insbesondere von 0,5 - 3,6 mm gewalzt. Bei diesen Dickenbereichen können die gewünschten Materialeigenschaften des Aluminiumlegierungsbands besonders gut erreicht werden.The cold rolling of the aluminum alloy strip can be done in one or more passes. The aluminum alloy strip is preferably rolled to a final thickness in the range from 0.2 to 5 mm, preferably from 0.25 to 4 mm, in particular from 0.5 to 3.6 mm. The desired material properties of the aluminum alloy strip can be achieved particularly well in these thickness ranges.

Durch das Schlussglühen des Aluminiumbands kann ein feinkörnig durchkristallisiertes Gefüge mit guter Festigkeit und Umformbarkeit erreicht werden. Beim Schlussglühen handelt es sich daher um eine rekristallisierende Weichglühung. Das Schlussglühen kann insbesondere in einem Kammerofen bei 300 °C bis 400 °C, bevorzugt bei 320 °C bis 360 °C oder in einem Durchlaufofen bei 450 °C bis 550 °C, bevorzugt bei 470 °C bis 530 °C erfolgen. Der Kammerofen ist in Betrieb und Anschaffung weniger kostenintensiv als der Durchlaufofen. Die Dauer des Schlussglühens im Kammerofen beträgt typischerweise 1 h oder mehr.The final annealing of the aluminum strip enables a fine-grained, crystallized structure with good strength and formability to be achieved. The final annealing is therefore a recrystallizing soft annealing. The final annealing can take place in particular in a chamber furnace at 300 ° C. to 400 ° C., preferably at 320 ° C. to 360 ° C. or in a continuous furnace at 450 ° C. to 550 ° C., preferably at 470 ° C. to 530 ° C. The chamber furnace is less expensive to operate and purchase than the continuous furnace. The final annealing time in the chamber furnace is typically 1 hour or more.

In einer ersten Ausführungsform des Verfahrens umfasst das Verfahren zusätzlich folgenden Verfahrensschritt:

  • Fräsen der Ober- und/oder Unterseite des Walzbarrens.
In a first embodiment of the method, the method additionally comprises the following method step:
  • Milling the top and / or bottom of the billet.

Durch diesen Verfahrensschritt können die Korrosionseigenschaften des hergestellten Aluminiumlegierungsbands bzw. eines aus diesem Aluminiumlegierungsband hergestellten Endprodukts verbessert werden. Das Fräsen der Ober- und/oder Unterseite des Walzbarrens kann beispielsweise nach dem Gießen und vor dem Homogenisieren des Walzbarrens erfolgen.This process step can improve the corrosion properties of the aluminum alloy strip produced or of an end product produced from this aluminum alloy strip. The milling of the top and / or bottom of the roll ingot can be carried out, for example, after casting and before homogenizing the roll ingot.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform des Verfahrens wird das Homogenisieren mindestens zweistufig durchgeführt mit folgenden Schritten:

  • erstes Homogenisieren bei 500 °C bis 600 °C, bevorzugt bei 550 °C bis 600 °C, für mindestens 0,5 h, bevorzugt für mindestens 2 h, und
  • zweites Homogenisieren bei 450 °C bis 550 °C für mindestens 0,5 h, bevorzugt für mindestens 2 h.
In a further embodiment of the method, the homogenization is carried out at least in two stages with the following steps:
  • first homogenization at 500 ° C to 600 ° C, preferably at 550 ° C to 600 ° C, for at least 0.5 h, preferably for at least 2 h, and
  • second homogenization at 450 ° C to 550 ° C for at least 0.5 h, preferably for at least 2 h.

Durch das mindestens zweistufige Homogenisieren kann ein feinkörnigeres Gefüge mit guter Festigkeit und Umformbarkeit nach dem Schlussglühen erzielt werden. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass auf diese Weise nach dem Schlussglühen insbesondere Korngrößen, bestimmt nach ASTM E1382, von kleiner als 45 µm, insbesondere sogar von kleiner als 35 µm, erreicht werden können. Das zweite Homogenisieren wird bevorzugt bei der Warmwalztemperatur durchgeführt, die der Walzbarren zu Beginn des nachfolgenden Warmwalzschrittes aufweist.The at least two-stage homogenization enables a fine-grained structure with good strength and formability to be achieved after the final annealing. It has been shown that in this way, after the final annealing, in particular grain sizes, determined according to ASTM E1382, of less than 45 μm, in particular even less than 35 μm, can be achieved. The second homogenization is preferably carried out at the hot rolling temperature which the rolling bar has at the beginning of the subsequent hot rolling step.

Das mindestens zweistufige Homogenisieren umfasst bei einer weiteren Ausführungsform bevorzugt folgende Schritte:

  • erstes Homogenisieren bei 500 °C bis 600 °C, bevorzugt bei 550 °C bis 600 °C, für mindestens 0,5 h, bevorzugt für mindestens 2 h,
  • Abkühlen des Walzbarrens nach dem ersten Homogenisieren auf die Temperatur für das zweite Homogenisieren und
  • zweites Homogenisieren bei 450 °C bis 550 °C für mindestens 0,5 h, bevorzugt für mindestens 2 h.
In a further embodiment, the at least two-stage homogenization preferably comprises the following steps:
  • first homogenization at 500 ° C to 600 ° C, preferably at 550 ° C to 600 ° C, for at least 0.5 h, preferably for at least 2 h,
  • Cooling the billet after the first homogenization to the temperature for the second homogenization and
  • second homogenization at 450 ° C to 550 ° C for at least 0.5 h, preferably for at least 2 h.

In einer alternativen Ausführungsform umfasst das mindestens zweistufige Homogenisieren bevorzugt folgende Schritte:

  • erstes Homogenisieren bei 500 °C bis 600 °C, bevorzugt bei 550 °C bis 600 °C, für mindestens 0,5 h, bevorzugt für mindestens 2 h,
  • Abkühlen des Walzbarrens nach dem ersten Homogenisieren auf Raumtemperatur,
  • Anwärmen des Walzbarrens auf die Temperatur für das zweite Homogenisieren und
  • zweites Homogenisieren bei 450 °C bis 550 °C für mindestens 0,5 h, bevorzugt für mindestens 2 h.
In an alternative embodiment, the at least two-stage homogenization preferably comprises the following steps:
  • first homogenization at 500 ° C to 600 ° C, preferably at 550 ° C to 600 ° C, for at least 0.5 h, preferably for at least 2 h,
  • Cooling the billet after the first homogenization to room temperature,
  • Warming the billet to the temperature for the second homogenization and
  • second homogenization at 450 ° C to 550 ° C for at least 0.5 h, preferably for at least 2 h.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform kann ein Fräsen der Ober- und/oder Unterseite des Walzbarrens zwischen dem ersten Homogenisieren und dem zweiten Homogenisieren erfolgen, und zwar besonders bevorzugt nach dem Abkühlen des Walzbarrens auf Raumtemperatur.In a further embodiment, the upper and / or lower side of the roll ingot can be milled between the first homogenization and the second homogenization, particularly preferably after the roll ingot has cooled to room temperature.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform des Verfahrens beträgt der Abwalzgrad während des Kaltwalzens mindestens 70 %, vorzugsweise mindestens 80 %. Durch diesen Mindestabwalzgrad kann beim Aluminiumlegierungsband nach der Schlussglühung ein feinkörniges Gefüge mit guter Festigkeit und Umformbarkeit erreicht werden.In a further embodiment of the method, the degree of rolling during cold rolling is at least 70%, preferably at least 80%. Due to this minimum degree of rolling, a fine-grained structure with good strength and formability can be achieved with the aluminum alloy strip after the final annealing.

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform des Verfahrens beträgt der Abwalzgrad während des Kaltwalzens maximal 90 %, bevorzugt maximal 85 %. Durch diesen maximalen Abwalzgrad kann eine übermäßige Abnahme der Dehnungswerte des Aluminiumlegierungsbandes verhindert werden.In a further embodiment of the method, the degree of rolling during cold rolling is a maximum of 90%, preferably a maximum of 85%. This maximum degree of rolling can prevent an excessive decrease in the elongation values of the aluminum alloy strip.

Das Verfahren kann in einer weiteren Ausführungsform dadurch besonders wirtschaftlich durchgeführt werden, dass das Kaltwalzen ohne Zwischenglühung durchgeführt wird. Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass die gewünschten Eigenschaften des Aluminiumlegierungsbands auch ohne eine Zwischenglühung erreicht werden können. Bevorzugt erfolgt bei der Herstellung des Aluminiumlegierungsbands auch keine aufwändige und teure Banddurchlaufglühung.In a further embodiment, the method can be carried out particularly economically in that the cold rolling is carried out without intermediate annealing. It has been found that the desired properties of the aluminum alloy strip can also be achieved without intermediate annealing. In the production of the aluminum alloy strip, there is preferably also no complex and expensive continuous strip annealing.

In einer alternativen Ausführungsform des Verfahrens wird das Aluminiumlegierungsband zwischen zwei Kaltwalzstichen, insbesondere zwischen dem vorletzten und dem letzten Kaltwalzstich, zwischengeglüht, insbesondere bei einer Temperatur von 300 °C bis 400 °C, bevorzugt bei einer Temperatur von 330 °C bis 370 °C. Das Zwischenglühen kann beispielsweise in einem Kammerofen erfolgen. Bei dem Zwischenglühen handelt es sich insbesondere um ein Zwischen-Weichglühen des Bandes.In an alternative embodiment of the method, the aluminum alloy strip is annealed between two cold rolling passes, in particular between the penultimate and the last cold rolling pass, in particular at one temperature from 300 ° C to 400 ° C, preferably at a temperature of 330 ° C to 370 ° C. The intermediate annealing can take place, for example, in a chamber furnace. The intermediate annealing is in particular an intermediate soft annealing of the strip.

Zwar wird das Herstellungsverfahren durch das Zwischenglühen aufwändiger, jedoch kann hierdurch bei einem relativ dicken Warmband das Gefüge positiv beeinflusst werden, so dass das hergestellte Aluminiumlegierungsband im Ergebnis bessere Materialeigenschaften aufweist. Das Zwischenglühen wird bevorzugt dann durchgeführt, wenn der Abwalzgrad beim Kaltwalzen insgesamt mehr als 85 %, insbesondere mehr als 90 % beträgt. Das Kaltwalzen und das Zwischenglühen erfolgt dann vorzugsweise so, dass der Abwalzgrad nach dem Zwischenglühen weniger als 90 %, insbesondere weniger als 85 % beträgt. Besonders bevorzugt beträgt der Abwalzgrad nach dem Zwischenglühen zwischen 70 % und 90 %, insbesondere zwischen 80 % und 85 %.Although the production process becomes more complex due to the intermediate annealing, the structure can be positively influenced in the case of a relatively thick hot strip, so that the aluminum alloy strip produced has better material properties as a result. The intermediate annealing is preferably carried out when the degree of rolling during cold rolling is more than 85%, in particular more than 90%. The cold rolling and the intermediate annealing are then preferably carried out such that the degree of rolling after the intermediate annealing is less than 90%, in particular less than 85%. The degree of rolling after the intermediate annealing is particularly preferably between 70% and 90%, in particular between 80% and 85%.

Die zuvor beschriebene Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß bei einem Aluminiumlegierungsband, welches bevorzugt mit einem der zuvor beschriebenen Verfahren hergestellt wird, dadurch gelöst, dass das Aluminiumlegierungsband aus der zuvor beschriebenen Legierung besteht und eine Dehngrenze Rp0,2 von mindestens 45 MPa, eine Gleichmaßdehnung Ag von mindestens 23 % sowie eine Bruchdehnung A80mm von mindestens 30 % aufweist.The object described above is achieved according to the invention in the case of an aluminum alloy strip, which is preferably produced using one of the methods described above , in that the aluminum alloy strip consists of the alloy described above and an elastic limit R p0.2 of at least 45 MPa, a uniform expansion A g of has at least 23% and an elongation at break A 80mm of at least 30%.

Versuche haben gezeigt, dass mit der beschriebenen Legierung und insbesondere auch durch das zuvor beschriebene Verfahren ein erfindungsgemäßes Aluminiumlegierungsband herstellbar ist, welches die oben genannten Materialeigenschaften und zudem eine gute Korrosionsbeständigkeit gegenüber interkristalliner Korrosion und Filiform-Korrosion aufweist. Damit ist das erfindungsgemäße Aluminiumlegierungsband besonders gut für Bauteile und Halbzeuge für Kraftfahrzeuge, insbesondere für beschichtete Bauteile wie Türinnenbauteile geeignet.Tests have shown that an aluminum alloy strip according to the invention can be produced with the alloy described and in particular also by the method described above, which has the material properties mentioned above and also has good corrosion resistance to intergranular corrosion and filiform corrosion. The aluminum alloy strip according to the invention is therefore particularly well suited for components and semi-finished products for motor vehicles, in particular for coated components such as interior door components.

Die Dehngrenze Rp0,2 wird nach DIN EN ISO 6892-1:2009 bestimmt. Die Gleichmaßdehnung Ag und die Bruchdehnung A80mm werden ebenfalls nach DIN EN ISO 6892-1:2009 mit einer Flachzug-Probe nach DIN EN ISO 6892-1:2009, Anhang B, Form 2 bestimmt.The proof stress R p0.2 is determined according to DIN EN ISO 6892-1: 2009. The uniform elongation A g and the elongation A 80mm are also determined according to DIN EN ISO 6892-1: 2009 with a flat tensile test according to DIN EN ISO 6892-1: 2009, Appendix B, Form 2.

In einer Ausführungsform weist das Aluminiumlegierungsband eine Dicke im Bereich von 0,2 bis 5 mm, bevorzugt von 0,25 bis 4 mm, insbesondere von 0,5 - 3,6 mm auf. Bei diesen Dickenbereichen können die gewünschten Materialeigenschaften des Aluminiumlegierungsbands besonders gut erreicht werden.In one embodiment, the aluminum alloy strip has a thickness in the range from 0.2 to 5 mm, preferably from 0.25 to 4 mm, in particular from 0.5 to 3.6 mm. The desired material properties of the aluminum alloy strip can be achieved particularly well in these thickness ranges.

Die zuvor beschriebene Aufgabe wird weiterhin gelöst durch die Verwendung des zuvor beschriebenen erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbands für Halbzeuge oder Bauteile für Kraftfahrzeuge, insbesondere für beschichtete Bauteile für Kraftfahrzeuge. Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsband Materialeigenschaften erreicht werden können, die insbesondere für diese Verwendungen vorteilhaft sind. Das Aluminiumlegierungsband kann nach einer Ausführungsform besonders vorteilhaft für Türinnenbauteile eines Kraftfahrzeugs verwendet werden.The object described above is further achieved by the use of the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention described above for semi-finished products or components for motor vehicles, in particular for coated components for motor vehicles. It has been found that material properties which are particularly advantageous for these uses can be achieved with the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention. According to one embodiment, the aluminum alloy strip can be used particularly advantageously for interior door components of a motor vehicle.

Die zuvor beschriebene Aufgabe wird weiterhin gelöst durch die Verwendung eines Blechs, hergestellt aus einem erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsband, als Bauteil im Kraftfahrzeug. Wie zuvor beschrieben eignen sich die Materialeigenschaften des Aluminiumlegierungsbands und damit auch die Materialeigenschaften eines aus diesem hergestellten Blechs besonders für die Verwendung im Kraftfahrzeug, vor allem als Türinnenblech.The object described above is further achieved by the use of a sheet made from an aluminum alloy strip according to the invention as a component in the motor vehicle. As described above, the material properties of the aluminum alloy strip and thus also the material properties of a sheet made from it are particularly suitable for use in a motor vehicle, especially as an inner door sheet.

Wegen der guten Beständigkeit gegenüber Filiform-Korrosion wird das aus dem erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsband hergestelltes Blech besonders bevorzugt für beschichtete, insbesondere lackierte Bauteile eines Kraftfahrzeugs verwendet.Because of the good resistance to filiform corrosion, the sheet metal produced from the aluminum alloy strip according to the invention is particularly preferably used for coated, in particular painted, components of a motor vehicle.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung können der nachfolgenden Beschreibung mehrerer Ausführungsbeispiele entnommen werden, wobei auch auf die beigefügte Zeichnung Bezug genommen wird.Further features and advantages of the invention can be found in the following description of several exemplary embodiments, reference also being made to the attached drawing.

In der Zeichnung zeigen

Fig. 1
ein Ablaufdiagramm für mehrere Ausführungsbeispiele zur Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbands,
Fig. 2
ein Ablaufdiagramm für weitere Ausführungsbeispiele zur Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbands,
Fig. 3
ein Diagramm mit Messergebnissen von Ausführungsbeispielen der erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbänder und
Fig. 4
ein Bauteil für ein Kraftfahrzeug gemäß einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel.
Show in the drawing
Fig. 1
1 shows a flowchart for several exemplary embodiments for producing an aluminum alloy strip according to the invention,
Fig. 2
1 shows a flowchart for further exemplary embodiments for producing an aluminum alloy strip according to the invention,
Fig. 3
a diagram with measurement results of embodiments of the aluminum alloy strips according to the invention and
Fig. 4
a component for a motor vehicle according to a further embodiment.

Fig. 1 zeigt ein Ablaufdiagramm für ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel des Verfahrens zur Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbands. Fig. 1 shows a flow chart for a first embodiment of the method for producing an aluminum alloy strip according to the invention.

In einem ersten Schritt 2 wird zunächst ein Walzbarren aus einer Aluminiumlegierung gegossen. Das Gießen kann beispielsweise im DC-Strangguss oder im Bandguss erfolgen. Nach dem Gießen wird der Walzbarren in Schritt 4 bei einer Temperatur im Bereich von 480 °C bis 600 °C für mindestens 0,5 h homogenisiert. In Schritt 6 wird der Walzbarren anschließend bei einer Temperatur im Bereich von 280 °C bis 500 °C auf eine Enddicke zwischen 3 und 12 mm warmgewalzt. Das aus dem Walzbarren warmgewalzte Warmband wird dann im Schritt 8 auf eine Enddicke von vorzugsweise 0,2 mm bis 5 mm kaltgewalzt. Im Anschluss an das Kaltwalzen erfolgt in Schritt 10 schließlich noch ein Schlussglühen des Aluminiumlegierungsbands, beispielsweise im Kammerofen bei einer Temperatur zwischen 300 °C und 400 °C oder in einem Durchlaufofen zwischen 450 °C und 550 °C.In a first step 2, a billet is first cast from an aluminum alloy. The casting can take place, for example, in DC continuous casting or in strip casting. After casting, the billet is homogenized in step 4 at a temperature in the range from 480 ° C to 600 ° C for at least 0.5 h. In step 6, the billet is then hot-rolled to a final thickness between 3 and 12 mm at a temperature in the range from 280 ° C to 500 ° C. The hot strip hot-rolled from the rolled bar is then cold-rolled in step 8 to a final thickness of preferably 0.2 mm to 5 mm. Finally, in step 10, after the cold rolling, the aluminum alloy strip is finally annealed, for example in a chamber furnace at a temperature between 300 ° C and 400 ° C or in a continuous furnace between 450 ° C and 550 ° C.

Zwischen dem Gießen des Walzbarrens in Schritt 2 und dem Homogenisieren in Schritt 4 kann optional in einem Schritt 12 die Ober- und/oder die Unterseite des Walzbarrens gefräst werden.Between the casting of the billet in step 2 and the homogenization in step 4, the top and / or bottom of the billet can optionally be milled in a step 12.

Weiterhin kann das Aluminiumlegierungsband während des Kaltwalzens in Schritt 8 optional in einem Schritt 14 zwischengeglüht werden, vorzugsweise in einem Kammerofen bei einer Temperatur zwischen 300 °C und 400 °C. Das Zwischenglühen ist besonders dazu geeignet, die Materialeigenschaften des Aluminiumlegierungsbands zu verbessern, wenn das Warmband relativ dick ist und daher der Abwalzgrad beim Kaltwalzen insgesamt mehr als 85 %, insbesondere mehr als 90 % beträgt. Das Zwischenglühen erfolgt bevorzugt vor dem letzten Kaltwalzstich.Furthermore, during the cold rolling in step 8, the aluminum alloy strip can optionally be annealed in a step 14, preferably in a chamber furnace at a temperature between 300 ° C. and 400 ° C. The intermediate annealing is particularly suitable for improving the material properties of the aluminum alloy strip if the hot strip is relatively thick and therefore the degree of rolling in cold rolling is more than 85% overall, in particular more than 90%. The intermediate annealing is preferably carried out before the last cold rolling pass.

Bei einer Warmbanddicke von 12 mm und einer Enddicke von 0,4 mm beträgt der Abwalzgrad beim Kaltwalzen beispielsweise insgesamt ca. 96,7 %. In diesem Fall kann das Warmband zum Beispiel in einem ersten Kaltwalzstich zunächst auf 2 mm gewalzt, dann zwischengeglüht und schließlich in einem zweiten Kaltwalzstich auf 0,4 mm gewalzt werden. Der Abwalzgrad nach dem Zwischenglühen beträgt dann nur noch 80 % und liegt somit in einem bevorzugten Bereich.With a hot strip thickness of 12 mm and a final thickness of 0.4 mm, the degree of rolling during cold rolling is, for example, a total of approximately 96.7%. In this case, for example, the hot strip can first be rolled to 2 mm in a first cold rolling pass, then annealed and finally rolled to 0.4 mm in a second cold rolling pass. The degree of rolling after the intermediate annealing is then only 80% and is therefore in a preferred range.

Figur 2 zeigt einen Teil eines Ablaufdiagramms für weitere Ausführungsbeispiele des Verfahrens. Der Verfahrensablauf dieser Ausführungsbeispiele stimmt im Wesentlichen mit dem Verfahrensablauf der mit Bezug auf Figur 1 beschriebenen Verfahren überein. Das Homogenisieren des Walzbarrens erfolgt bei den Ausführungsbeispielen nach Figur 2 jedoch nicht in Schritt 4, sondern in einem Schritt 16, der in mehrere Einzelschritte aufgeteilt ist. Figur 2 zeigt mögliche Abfolgen der Einzelschritte des Schritts 16. Figure 2 shows a part of a flow chart for further exemplary embodiments of the method. The process sequence of these exemplary embodiments essentially agrees with the process sequence with reference to Figure 1 described method. The homogenization of the billet takes place in the exemplary embodiments Figure 2 however, not in step 4, but in a step 16, which is divided into several individual steps. Figure 2 shows possible sequences of the individual steps of step 16.

Demnach erfolgt nach dem Gießen des Walzbarrens in Schritt 2 bzw. nach dem Fräsen des Walzbarrens in Schritt 12 im ersten Teilschritt 18 des Schritts 16 zunächst ein erstes Homogenisieren bei einer Temperatur zwischen 550 und 600 °C für mindestens 0,5 h, bevorzugt für mindestens 2 h. In einem nachfolgenden Schritt 20 wird der Walzbarren auf die Temperatur des zweiten Homogenisierens im Bereich von 450 °C und 550 °C abgekühlt, bevor dann im wiederum nachfolgenden Schritt 22 bei dieser Temperatur das zweite Homogenisieren für mindestens 0,5 h, bevorzugt für mindestens 2 h, erfolgt.Accordingly, after the casting of the billet in step 2 or after the milling of the billet in step 12 in the first sub-step 18 of step 16, there is first a first homogenization at a temperature between 550 and 600 ° C. for at least 0.5 h, preferably for at least 2 h. In a subsequent step 20, the billet is cooled to the temperature of the second homogenization in the range from 450 ° C. and 550 ° C., before the second homogenization at this temperature in turn in the subsequent step 22 for at least 0.5 h, preferably for at least 2 h, is done.

Alternativ kann der Walzbarren nach dem ersten Homogenisieren in Schritt 18 in einem Schritt 24 auch zunächst auf Raumtemperatur abgekühlt und in einem nachfolgenden Schritt 26 auf die Temperatur für das zweite Homogenisieren angewärmt werden. Zwischen Schritt 24 und Schritt 26 können optional die Ober- und/oder die Unterseite des Walzbarrens gefräst werden.Alternatively, after the first homogenization in step 18, the billet can also be cooled to room temperature in a step 24 and warmed to the temperature for the second homogenization in a subsequent step 26. Between step 24 and step 26, the top and / or bottom of the roll bar can optionally be milled.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung wurden Aluminiumlegierungen vom Typ AA 3xxx, insbesondere basierend auf AA 3103, mit verschiedenen Mg- und Cu-Anteilen hergestellt. Die Legierungszusammensetzungen dieser Aluminiumlegierungen sind in der nachfolgenden Tabelle 1 zusammengestellt, wobei die einzelnen Legierungsanteile jeweils in Gew.-% angegeben sind. Tabelle 1 Nr. Si Fe Cu Mn Mg Cr Zn Ti V Zr Cu+Mg 1 V 0,063 0,54 0,0029 1,07 0,0102 0,0005 0,0051 0,0053 0,0038 0,0005 0,013 2 V 0,23 0,55 0,055 0,93 0,059 0,0096 0,0131 0,0151 0,0099 0,0008 0,114 3 V 0,208 0,546 0,064 1,026 0,071 0,004 0,005 0,018 0,0081 0,0006 0,135 4 V 0,154 0,51 0,152 1,02 0,0019 0,0005 0,0034 0,0602 0,0073 0,0005 0,154 5 E 0,23 0,5 0,18 1,06 0,0109 0,0101 0,0055 0,0093 0,0112 0,0008 0,191 6 E 0,142 0,62 0,0019 1,1 0,19 0,0004 0,0011 0,0066 0,0091 0,0005 0,192 7 E 0,17 0,54 0,19 1,03 0,053 0,0005 0,0032 0,0217 0,0064 0,0005 0,243 8 V 0,42 0,45 0,086 1,01 0,19 0,0331 0,0058 0,028 0,0066 0,0006 0,276 9 V 0,052 0,21 0,28 0,87 0,22 0,0006 0,0028 0,018 0,0061 0,0005 0,5 10 V 0,162 0,59 0,0016 1,1 0,52 0,0002 0,001 0,0055 0,0072 0,0005 0,522 11 V 0,179 0,38 0,116 1,05 0,51 0,003 0,006 0,014 0,0068 0,0006 0,626 Within the scope of the invention, aluminum alloys of the AA 3xxx type, in particular based on AA 3103, with different Mg and Cu contents were produced. The alloy compositions of these aluminum alloys are compiled in Table 1 below, the individual alloy proportions each being given in% by weight. Table 1 No. Si Fe Cu Mn Mg Cr Zn Ti V Zr Cu + Mg 1 V 0.063 0.54 0.0029 1.07 0.0102 0.0005 0.0051 0.0053 0.0038 0.0005 0.013 2nd V 0.23 0.55 0.055 0.93 0.059 0.0096 0.0131 0.0151 0.0099 0.0008 0.114 3rd V 0.208 0.546 0.064 1,026 0.071 0.004 0.005 0.018 0.0081 0.0006 0.135 4th V 0.154 0.51 0.152 1.02 0.0019 0.0005 0.0034 0.0602 0.0073 0.0005 0.154 5 E 0.23 0.5 0.18 1.06 0.0109 0.0101 0.0055 0.0093 0.0112 0.0008 0.191 6 E 0.142 0.62 0.0019 1.1 0.19 0.0004 0.0011 0.0066 0.0091 0.0005 0.192 7 E 0.17 0.54 0.19 1.03 0.053 0.0005 0.0032 0.0217 0.0064 0.0005 0.243 8th V 0.42 0.45 0.086 1.01 0.19 0.0331 0.0058 0.028 0.0066 0.0006 0.276 9 V 0.052 0.21 0.28 0.87 0.22 0.0006 0.0028 0.018 0.0061 0.0005 0.5 10th V 0.162 0.59 0.0016 1.1 0.52 0.0002 0.001 0.0055 0.0072 0.0005 0.522 11 V 0.179 0.38 0.116 1.05 0.51 0.003 0.006 0.014 0.0068 0.0006 0.626

In der letzten Spalte der Tabelle 1 ist der kombinierte Anteil von Kupfer und Magnesium angegeben, der sich als besonders wichtig für die gewünschten Materialeigenschaften herausgestellt hat. Bei den Legierungen Nr. 5 - 7 handelt es sich um Ausführungsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäßen Bänder aus der Legierung (E), während die Legierungen Nr. 1 - 4 und 8 - 11 Vergleichsbeispiele darstellen (V).The last column in Table 1 shows the combined proportion of copper and magnesium, which has proven to be particularly important for the desired material properties. Alloys Nos. 5-7 are exemplary embodiments of the strips according to the invention made of alloy (E), while alloys Nos. 1-4 and 8-11 are comparative examples (V).

Aus diesen Aluminiumlegierungen Nr. 1 - 11 wurden dann mit dem zuvor beschriebenen Verfahren Aluminiumlegierungsbänder hergestellt. Im Einzelnen wurde aus jeder dieser Legierungen 1 bis 11 im DC-Strangguss jeweils ein Walzbarren mit einer Dicke von 600 mm gegossen, der dann jeweils zweistufig homogenisiert wurde, und zwar zunächst für mehrere Stunden bei ca. 580 °C und anschließend für mehrere Stunden bei ca. 500 °C. Nach dem Homogenisieren wurden die Walzbarren bei ca. 500 °C zu Aluminiumlegierungswarmbändern mit einer Dicke von 4 bis 8 mm warmgewalzt. Diese Aluminiumlegierungswarmbänder wurden dann jeweils auf eine Enddicke von 1,2 mm kaltgewalzt und schließlich für 1 h einer rekristallisierenden Schlussglühung bei 350 °C unterzogen.Aluminum alloy strips were then made from these aluminum alloys Nos. 1-11 using the previously described process. Specifically, each of these alloys 1 to 11 was cast in a DC ingot with a thickness of 600 mm, which was then homogenized in two stages, first for several hours at approx. 580 ° C and then for several hours approx. 500 ° C. After homogenization, the rolled bars were hot-rolled at about 500 ° C. to form aluminum alloy hot strips with a thickness of 4 to 8 mm. These aluminum alloy hot strips were then cold rolled to a final thickness of 1.2 mm and finally subjected to a recrystallizing final annealing at 350 ° C. for 1 h.

Anschließend wurden die Aluminiumlegierungsbänder auf ihre mechanischen Eigenschaften, insbesondere auf ihre Festigkeit und Umformbarkeit untersucht.The aluminum alloy strips were then examined for their mechanical properties, in particular for their strength and formability.

Die Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchungen sind in der nachfolgenden Tabelle 2 zusammengestellt. Weiterhin zeigt Tabelle 2 in der letzten Zeile die entsprechenden Materialeigenschaften einer Legierung vom Typ AA 8006, wie sie aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt ist. Tabelle 2 Nr. Rp0,2 [MPa] Rm [MPa] Ag [%] A80mm [%] n-Wert r-Wert SZ 32 [mm] 1 V 42 101 25,1 41,3 0,214 0,472 16,7 2 V 42 103 24,6 35,7 0,216 0,579 16,3 3 V 43 111 24,5 36,1 0,218 0,484 16,4 4 V 48 111 25,3 35,9 0,214 0,417 16,6 5 E 49 115 25,1 34,2 0,218 0,420 16,2 6 E 50 113 24,2 35,0 0,210 0,598 16,4 7 E 53 118 23,8 32,5 0,216 0,344 15,9 8 V 51 119 21,8 29,5 0,207 0,635 15,9 9 V 58 134 21,2 26,9 0,220 0,556 15,4 10 V 57 135 20,8 28,0 0,221 0,652 15,5 11 V 66 152 19,7 21,0 0,225 0,582 14,9 AA 8006 V 49 104 27,5 42,0 0,223 0,431 17,3 The results of these tests are summarized in Table 2 below. Table 2 also shows in the last line the corresponding material properties of an alloy of the type AA 8006, as is known from the prior art. Table 2 No. R p0.2 [MPa] R m [MPa] A g [%] A 80mm [%] n value r value SZ 32 [mm] 1 V 42 101 25.1 41.3 0.214 0.472 16.7 2nd V 42 103 24.6 35.7 0.216 0.579 16.3 3rd V 43 111 24.5 36.1 0.218 0.484 16.4 4th V 48 111 25.3 35.9 0.214 0.417 16.6 5 E 49 115 25.1 34.2 0.218 0.420 16.2 6 E 50 113 24.2 35.0 0.210 0.598 16.4 7 E 53 118 23.8 32.5 0.216 0.344 15.9 8th V 51 119 21.8 29.5 0.207 0.635 15.9 9 V 58 134 21.2 26.9 0.220 0.556 15.4 10th V 57 135 20.8 28.0 0.221 0.652 15.5 11 V 66 152 19.7 21.0 0.225 0.582 14.9 AA 8006 V 49 104 27.5 42.0 0.223 0.431 17.3

Tabelle 2 zeigt folgende Messwerte:

  • die Dehngrenze Rp0,2 in MPa sowie die Zugfestigkeit Rm in MPa, gemessen im Zugversuch senkrecht zur Walzrichtung des Blechs nach DIN EN ISO 6892-1:2009,
  • die Gleichmaßdehnung Ag in Prozent sowie die Bruchdehnung A80mm in Prozent, gemessen im Zugversuch senkrecht zur Walzrichtung des Blechs mit einer Flachzug-Probe nach DIN EN ISO 6892-1:2009, Anhang B, Form 2,
  • den Verfestigungsexponenten n (n-Wert), gemessen im Zugversuch senkrecht zur Walzrichtung des Blechs nach DIN ISO 10275:2009,
  • die senkrechten Anisotropie r (r-Wert), gemessen im Zugversuch senkrecht zur Walzrichtung des Blechs nach DIN ISO 10113:2009, und
  • die beim Streckziehen erreichte Tiefung SZ 32 in Millimeter als weiteres Maß für die Umformbarkeit der Legierung. Die Tiefung SZ 32 wurde im Erichsen-Tiefungsversuch nach DIN EN ISO 20482 ermittelt, aber mit einem auf die Blechdicke abgestimmten Stempelkopfdurchmesser von 32 mm und Matrizendurchmesser von 35,4 mm und unter Zuhilfenahme einer Teflon-Ziehfolie zur Reduzierung der Reibung.
Table 2 shows the following measurements:
  • the yield strength R p0.2 in MPa and the tensile strength R m in MPa, measured in the tensile test perpendicular to the rolling direction of the sheet according to DIN EN ISO 6892-1: 2009,
  • the uniform elongation A g in percent and the elongation at break A 80 mm in percent, measured in a tensile test perpendicular to the rolling direction of the sheet with a flat tensile test according to DIN EN ISO 6892-1: 2009, Appendix B, Form 2,
  • the hardening exponent n (n-value), measured in the tensile test perpendicular to the rolling direction of the sheet according to DIN ISO 10275: 2009,
  • the vertical anisotropy r (r value), measured in the tensile test perpendicular to the rolling direction of the sheet according to DIN ISO 10113: 2009, and
  • the SZ 32 indentation achieved in stretch drawing as a further measure of the formability of the alloy. The SZ 32 cupping was determined in the Erichsen cupping test in accordance with DIN EN ISO 20482, but with a punch head diameter of 32 mm and die diameter of 35.4 mm, which was matched to the sheet thickness, and with the help of a Teflon drawing film to reduce friction.

In Figur 3 sind die Dehngrenzen Rp0,2 (leere Quadrate), die Bruchdehnungen A80mm (gefüllte Rauten) und die Tiefungswerte SZ 32 (gefüllte Dreiecke) der Aluminiumlegierungsbänder Nr. 1 bis 11 in Abhängigkeit vom kombinierten Cu- und Mg-Anteil der jeweiligen Aluminiumlegierung aufgetragen. Die Rp0,2-Werte sind in MPa entsprechend der Skala an der linken Ordinatenachse aufgetragen. Die A80mm-Werte sind in Prozent und die SZ 32-Werte in mm entsprechend der Skala an der rechten Ordinatenachse aufgetragen. Der kombinierte Cu- und Mg-Anteil ist auf der Abszisse in Gew.-% angegeben.In Figure 3 The yield strengths R p0.2 (empty squares), the elongation at break A 80mm (filled diamonds) and the cupping values SZ 32 (filled triangles) of the aluminum alloy strips No. 1 to 11 are plotted depending on the combined Cu and Mg content of the respective aluminum alloy . The R p0.2 values are plotted in MPa on the left ordinate axis scale. The A 80mm values are given in percent and the SZ 32 values in mm according to the scale on the right ordinate axis. The combined Cu and Mg content is given on the abscissa in% by weight.

Weiterhin sind in Figur 3 zur besseren Übersicht jeweils noch Ausgleichsgeraden zu den Messwerten von Rp0,2, A80mm und SZ 32 eingezeichnet. Zwei vertikale gestrichelte Linien kennzeichnen die Werte 0,15 Gew.-% und 0,25 Gew.-% für den kombinierten Cu- und Mg-Anteil.Furthermore, in Figure 3 In order to provide a better overview, the best-fit lines for the measured values of R p0.2 , A 80mm and SZ 32 are shown. Two vertical dashed lines indicate the values 0.15% by weight and 0.25% by weight for the combined Cu and Mg content.

Wie die Messwerte für die Aluminiumlegierungsbänder aus den Aluminiumlegierungen Nr. 5 - 7 zeigen, bewirkt die Einstellung des kombinierten Cu- und Mg-Anteils in einem Bereich von 0,15 Gew.-% bis 0,25 Gew.-%, dass die gewünschte Kombination von Festigkeit (Rp0,2 ≥ 45MPa) und Umformbarkeit (Ag ≥ 23% und A80mm ≥ 30 %) erreicht wird.As the measured values for the aluminum alloy strips made of the aluminum alloys No. 5-7 show, the setting of the combined Cu and Mg content in a range from 0.15% by weight to 0.25% by weight brings about the desired Combination of strength (R p0.2 ≥ 45MPa) and formability (A g ≥ 23% and A 80mm ≥ 30%) is achieved.

Bei kombinierten Mg- und Cu-Anteilen von weniger als 0,15 Gew.-% (Nr. 1 - 3) erweist sich die Festigkeit als zu gering (Rp0,2 < 45 MPa) und bei kombinierten Mg- und Cu-Anteilen von mehr als 0,25 Gew.-% sinken die Dehnungswerte und damit die Umformbarkeit zu sehr ab (Ag < 23 % und/oder A80mm < 30 %).With combined Mg and Cu fractions of less than 0.15% by weight (No. 1-3), the strength proves to be too low (R p0.2 <45 MPa) and with combined Mg and Cu fractions the elongation values and thus the formability decrease too much by more than 0.25% by weight (A g <23% and / or A 80mm <30%).

Die gute Umformbarkeit zeigt sich insbesondere auch durch den gemessenen Tiefungswert, der bei den erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbändern vorzugsweise einen Wert SZ 32 ≥ 15,8 mm, insbesondere ≥ 15,9 mm aufweist.The good formability is particularly evident from the measured cupping value, which in the aluminum alloy strips according to the invention preferably has a value SZ 32 15 15.8 mm, in particular ändern 15.9 mm.

Im Ergebnis weisen die Aluminiumlegierungsbänder Nr. 5 - 7 damit bei gleicher Festigkeit nur eine geringfügig schlechtere Umformbarkeit auf als die Vergleichs-Legierung AA 8006. Die Aluminiumlegierungsbänder Nr. 5 - 7 haben gegenüber der Legierung AA 8006 jedoch den Vorteil, dass sie eine erheblich bessere Korrosionsbeständigkeit aufweisen. So tritt interkristalline Korrosion bei Legierungen vom Typ AA 3xxx grundsätzlich nicht auf.As a result, the aluminum alloy tapes No. 5 - 7 have the same strength only a slightly poorer formability than the comparison alloy AA 8006. However, the aluminum alloy tapes No. 5 - 7 have the advantage over the alloy AA 8006 that they are considerably better Have corrosion resistance. In principle, intergranular corrosion does not occur with AA 3xxx alloys.

Weiterhin wurden an den Aluminiumlegierungsbändern aus den Aluminiumlegierungen Nr. 5 - 7 ergänzende Laborversuche zur Korrosionsbeständigkeit durchgeführt. Diese Laborversuche haben gezeigt, dass die Aluminiumlegierungen Nr. 5 - 7 eine sehr viel bessere Beständigkeit gegenüber Filiform-Korrosion zeigen als der Legierungstyp AA 8006. Damit sind Aluminiumlegierungen wie die Aluminiumlegierungen Nr. 5 - 7 bzw. aus diesen Aluminiumlegierungen hergestellte Aluminiumlegierungsbänder besonders für beschichtete Bauteile geeignet.In addition, additional laboratory tests on corrosion resistance were carried out on the aluminum alloy strips made of aluminum alloys No. 5 - 7. These laboratory tests have shown that aluminum alloys No. 5 - 7 show a much better resistance to filiform corrosion than alloy type AA 8006. Aluminum alloys such as aluminum alloys No. 5 - 7 or aluminum alloy strips made from these aluminum alloys are therefore particularly suitable for coated coatings Components suitable.

Schließlich zeigen die Messwerte in Tabelle 2, dass die Ausführungsbeispiele für die erfindungsgemäßen Aluminiumlegierungsbänder auch für die Zugfestigkeit Rm sowie für den n- und r-Wert gute Werte erreichen, die insbesondere im Rahmen üblicher AA 3xxx-Legierungen liegen oder sogar besser sind.Finally, the measured values in Table 2 show that the exemplary embodiments for the aluminum alloy strips according to the invention also achieve good values for the tensile strength R m and for the n and r values, which are in particular within the scope of conventional AA 3xxx alloys or are even better.

Figur 4 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung eines typischen Bauteils eines Kraftfahrzeugs in Form eines Türinnenteils. Derartige Türinnenteile 40 werden üblicherweise aus Stahl hergestellt. Stahlbauteile sind jedoch bei gleicher Steifigkeit schwer und korrosionsanfällig. Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of a typical component of a motor vehicle in the form of an inner door part. Such inner door parts 40 are usually made of steel. However, steel components are heavy and prone to corrosion with the same rigidity.

Es hat sich gezeigt, dass mit den zuvor beschriebenen Aluminiumlegierungen, wie zum Beispiel den Aluminiumlegierungen Nr. 5 - 7, Aluminiumlegierungsbänder hergestellt werden können, die hoch-umformbar, mittelfest und sehr korrosionsbeständig sind, insbesondere gegenüber interkristalliner Korrosion als auch gegenüber Filiform-Korrosion.It has been shown that the aluminum alloys described above, such as aluminum alloys No. 5-7, can be used to produce aluminum alloy strips which are highly formable, medium-strength and very corrosion-resistant, in particular against intergranular corrosion and also against filiform corrosion.

Die Materialeigenschaften dieser Aluminiumlegierungsbänder bzw. der aus diesen hergestellten Blechen sind damit besonders günstig für die Herstellung von Kraftfahrzeugbauteilen, wie zum Beispiel dem Türinnenteil 40. Die gute Beständigkeit gegenüber der Filiform-Korrosion ist insbesondere beim Einsatz der Aluminiumlegierungen für beschichtete, insbesondere lackierte Bauteile, wie das Türinnenteil 40, vorteilhaft.The material properties of these aluminum alloy strips or the sheets produced from them are therefore particularly favorable for the production of motor vehicle components, such as the door inner part 40. The good resistance to filiform corrosion is particularly evident when using the aluminum alloys for coated, in particular painted, components such as the inner door part 40, advantageous.

Insbesondere weisen die aus diesen Aluminiumlegierungsbändern hergestellten Bauteile eine bessere Korrosionsbeständigkeit auf als entsprechenden Bauteile aus Stahl oder aus einer Legierung vom Typ AA 8006. Gleichzeitig weisen sie dabei ein deutlich geringeres Gewicht auf als Bauteile aus Stahl.In particular, the components made from these aluminum alloy strips have better corrosion resistance than corresponding components made from steel or from an alloy of type AA 8006. At the same time, they have a significantly lower weight than components made from steel.

Claims (9)

  1. Aluminium alloy strip
    characterized in that
    the aluminium alloy strip consists of an aluminium alloy, wherein the alloying components of the aluminium alloy have the following contents in percent by weight: Fe 0.80%, Si 0.50%, 0.90% Mn 1.50%, Mg 0.25%, Cu 0.20%, Cr 0.05%, Ti 0.05%, V 0.05%, Zr 0.05%,
    the remainder being aluminium, unavoidable impurity elements individually <0.05%, in total <0.15%,
    and the combined content of Mg and Cu satisfies the following relation in percent by weight
    0.17% ≤ Mg + Cu ≤ 0.25% and wherein the aluminium alloy strip has an offset yield strength Rp0.2 of at least 45 MPa, a uniform elongation Ag of at least 23%, and an elongation at break A80mm of at least 30%.
  2. Aluminium alloy strip according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the aluminium alloy strip has a thickness in the range from 0.2 mm to 5 mm.
  3. Aluminium alloy strip according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that the aluminium alloy has a Cu content of at most 0.10% by weight and/or a Mg content in the range of 0.06% by weight to 0.20% by weight.
  4. Aluminium alloy strip according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that
    the Mg content of the aluminium alloy is greater than the Cu content of the aluminium alloy.
  5. Aluminium alloy strip according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
    characterized in that
    the aluminium alloy has a Cr content ≤ 0.02% by weight, and/or a V content ≤ 0.02% by weight, and/or a Zr content ≤ 0.02% by weight, particularly ≤ 0.01% by weight.
  6. Aluminium alloy strip according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
    characterized in that
    the aluminium alloy has an Fe content from 0.4 to 0.7% by weight, and/or a Si content from 0.1 to 0.25% by weight, and/or a Mn content from 1.0 to 1.2% by weight.
  7. Aluminium alloy strip according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
    characterized in that
    the aluminium alloy has a Ti content of at least 0.01% by weight.
  8. Use of an aluminium alloy strip according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for semi-finished products or components for motor vehicles, particularly for interior door panels.
  9. Use of a metal sheet made from an aluminium alloy strip according to any one of claims 1 to 7 as a component in the motor vehicle, particularly as an interior door panel.
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ES13156100.3T ES2621871T3 (en) 2013-02-21 2013-02-21 Aluminum alloy for the manufacture of semi-finished products or components for automobiles, process for the manufacture of an aluminum alloy tape of this aluminum alloy as well as aluminum alloy tape and uses thereof
EP13156100.3A EP2770071B9 (en) 2013-02-21 2013-02-21 Aluminium alloy for the production of semi-finished products or components for motor vehicles, method for producing an aluminium alloy strip from this aluminium alloy and aluminium alloy strip and uses thereof
CN201480009934.XA CN105008563B (en) 2013-02-21 2014-02-20 For manufacturing the aluminium alloy of automobile semi-finished product or component, the method for being produced from it aluminum alloy strip and aluminum alloy strip and its application
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PCT/EP2014/053323 WO2014128212A1 (en) 2013-02-21 2014-02-20 Aluminium alloy for producing semi-finished products or components for motor vehicles, method for producing an aluminium alloy strip consisting of this aluminium alloy, and an aluminium alloy strip and use for same
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RU2015139899A RU2637458C2 (en) 2013-02-21 2014-02-20 Aluminium alloy for manufacturing semifinished products or parts of automobiles, method of manufacture of aluminium alloy strip of said aluminium alloy, strip of aluminium alloy and its application
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Mit Online-Einreichung vom 17.06.2019 reichte E2 die folgenden weiteren Dokumente ein
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