EP2766593B1 - Coupleur hydraulique - Google Patents

Coupleur hydraulique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2766593B1
EP2766593B1 EP12770055.7A EP12770055A EP2766593B1 EP 2766593 B1 EP2766593 B1 EP 2766593B1 EP 12770055 A EP12770055 A EP 12770055A EP 2766593 B1 EP2766593 B1 EP 2766593B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spring
pot
diaphragm
hydraulic coupler
bridge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12770055.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2766593A1 (fr
Inventor
Dietmar SCHMIEDERER
Thomas Sebastian
Andreas Jakobi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2766593A1 publication Critical patent/EP2766593A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2766593B1 publication Critical patent/EP2766593B1/fr
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/167Means for compensating clearance or thermal expansion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/08Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves opening in direction of fuel flow
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/20Closing valves mechanically, e.g. arrangements of springs or weights or permanent magnets; Damping of valve lift
    • F02M61/205Means specially adapted for varying the spring tension or assisting the spring force to close the injection-valve, e.g. with damping of valve lift
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
    • F02M2200/705Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic with means for filling or emptying hydraulic chamber, e.g. for compensating clearance or thermal expansion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/80Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly
    • F02M2200/8023Fuel injection apparatus manufacture, repair or assembly the assembly involving use of quick-acting mechanisms, e.g. clips

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hydraulic coupler, in particular for fuel injection valves, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a known fuel injection valve ( DE 10 2004 002 134 A1 ) has a between a valve needle and a piezoelectric actuator axially clamped hydraulic coupler having a housing pot with pot bottom and pot shell and a housing in the pot axially displaceable piston. There is a fluid-filled coupler gap between the piston and the bottom of the pot. On the side facing away from the piston outside of the pot bottom, a first membrane made of steel is arranged, which defines a fluid-filled expansion chamber with the bottom of the pot. The first membrane covers the bottom of the pot and is attached to the edge of the cup by welding. The compensation chamber is flow-connected to the coupler gap via a throttle element arranged in the bottom of the pot.
  • a second membrane made of steel covers at the end facing away from the bottom of the pot bottom of the housing pot between existing pot shell and piston annular gap.
  • the annular membrane is fixed with its outer edge of the membrane on the pot shell and with its inner edge of the membrane on the piston by welding.
  • a pressure distribution disc is inserted, which rests with a central elevation at the central region of the first membrane.
  • the inventive hydraulic coupler with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that the wall thickness of the membrane kept small by the additional axial spring force while maintaining a required in the valve installation state of the coupler Kopplerkraft and thus a low stiffness of the membrane can be obtained. Due to the design of the spring element as a spring clip and the spring element has only a low spring stiffness, so that the gain reduction of the coupler obtained with the wall thickness reduction is not canceled. Overall, the overall stiffness of the coupler is kept advantageously low, so that the coupler clearly fulfills its task of compensating temperature-induced, different changes in length of two components with different thermal expansion coefficients, between which it is axially clamped.
  • a substantial mounting advantage is achieved over a spring element designed as a helical compression spring, since the coupler now forms a complete assembly, and e.g. can be installed in a fuel injection valve without separate individual assembly of the spring element.
  • the spring force acting on the membrane can be adjusted before installing the coupler.
  • the spring clip on the pot sheath cross-spring shank and a spring leg interconnecting spring bridge, which rests with a central region on the membrane.
  • the determination of the spring clip is made by means of the spring legs, which are connected cohesively at their remote from the spring bridge leg ends with the pot jacket.
  • the spring bridge is concave, so that the central support area is realized in a simple manner. This constructive design of the spring clip can be adjusted very accurately by more or less far axial pushing the spring leg on the housing pot the desired, acting on the diaphragm axial force before cohesive setting of the spring legs on the pot shell.
  • the spring clip on two spring bridge to the diametrical spring legs, and spring legs and spring bridge are made in one piece from a spring band by punching or bending, so that the spring clip is a cost to be manufactured component.
  • the spring band in the spring bridge in turns, wherein advantageously the turns are shaped so that the spring bridge is an S-shape with a straight central leg and two at each end of the middle leg continuing, curved outer legs and the longitudinal axis of the middle leg and the longitudinal axes of the two spring legs lie in a plane perpendicular to the spring bridge extending plane.
  • the spring band is made of high-strength spring steel, as it is for example also used for the membrane.
  • FIG. 1 in longitudinal section shown fuel injection valve as an exemplary embodiment of a general valve for metering a flowing medium, in particular of a fluid, has a hollow cylindrical valve housing 11, one end of which is closed by a nozzle or valve body 12 having an ejection or valve opening 13.
  • the valve opening 13 is controlled by an outwardly opening valve member 14, which is designed as a valve needle with a closing head, ie closed or released.
  • the valve member is actuated by an actuator 16 against the restoring force of a valve member 14 and the valve body 12 is supported return spring 15, wherein the valve member 14 releases the valve opening 13 via its closing head due to an applied voltage to the actuator 16.
  • the actuator 16 has an electrically controllable piezo module 19, also called piezo stack, which is clamped by means of a hollow body 21 designed as a spring between a cover plate 18 and a closure body 20.
  • the actuator 16 engages via a gimbal bearing 17 on the valve member 14, wherein the gimbal bearing 17 is formed between the Schretekopffernen end of the valve needle of the valve member 14 and the end plate 18 of the actuator 16.
  • a connector 22 is firmly inserted.
  • the connection piece 22 is provided with a fluid connection 23 and an electrical connection plug 24.
  • an electrical connection to the piezo module 20 of the actuator 16 is made by means of an actuator-side contact member 25 and a housing-side contact member 26. Electrically conductive parts of the two contact members 25, 26 contact each other and are welded together at the contact points. Alternatively, the contacting parts of both contact members 25, 26 may be made integral with each other.
  • the valve body 12 and the connector 22 are fixedly connected to each other via a tube 27, wherein the return spring 15, the actuator 16 and a hydraulic coupler 30 are received in the tube 27.
  • the actuator 16 is supported via the hydraulic coupler 30 on the valve housing 11, more precisely on the fitting 22 permanently connected to the valve housing 11.
  • the in FIG. 2 enlarged hydraulic coupler 30 shown in longitudinal section has a housing pot 31 with pot bottom 311 and cup jacket 312 and a housing 33 in the housing axially displaceably guided piston 33.
  • the housing pot 31 is received in a formed in the connector 22, blind hole-like recess 29 and mounted on the connector 22 gimbal.
  • the gimbal Storage is in FIG. 2 marked with 32.
  • the piston 33 is fixedly connected to the actuator 16, for which purpose in the piston 33, a central centering pin 34 with a projecting from the piston 33, hollow bolt head 341 firmly inserted, z. B. pressed, and the end body 20 of the actuator 16 is provided with an axially projecting pin 201 which is pressed with a reduced diameter end portion in the hollow bolt head 341.
  • a thin first membrane 36 is disposed of steel, one with the coupler gap 35 flow-connected compensation chamber 37 limited to the outside of the housing pot 31.
  • the membrane 36 spans the pot bottom 311 and is fastened with its membrane edge to the pot casing 312, for example connected to the pot casing 312 in a materially bonded manner.
  • the material is in FIG. 2 symbolized by a weld 39.
  • first membrane 36 has a central, convex elevation 361 and this concentrically enclosing, concave annular recess 362.
  • the membrane 36 facing bottom surface of the pot bottom 311 is adapted to the membrane shape.
  • a spring element 40 acts with an axially directed spring force on the membrane 36, so that an additional pressure in the fluid-filled compensation chamber 37 is constructed.
  • the likewise consisting of steel second membrane 41 is for this purpose annular and connected at its outer edge of the membrane with the pot jacket 312 and at its inner edge of the membrane with the piston 33 each cohesively.
  • the material connection at the inner edge of the membrane can also be made to the centering pin 34 pressed into the piston 33.
  • the cohesive connections are in FIG. 2 indicated by welds 43 and 44.
  • the flow connection between the coupler gap 35 and the compensation chamber 37 is produced by at least one radial bore 38 in the pot jacket 312. In the embodiment of FIG.
  • radial bores 38 are present, each in the sealed from the first diaphragm 36 compensation chamber 37 on the outside of the housing pot 31st and open in the annular gap 42 sealed by the second membrane 41 between the piston 33 and the cup jacket 312 of the housing pot 31.
  • the annular gap 42 acts as a throttle for the fluid flowing between the coupler gap 35 and the compensation chamber 37.
  • the spring element 40 is designed as a spring clip 45 which is fixed on the housing pot 31 and rests against the diaphragm 36 with axial prestressing.
  • the spring clip 45 has a plurality, here two diametrically arranged spring legs 46, 47 and a spring leg 46, 47 interconnecting spring bridge 48.
  • the spring legs 46, 47 engage over the membrane area lying against the pot jacket 312 and are firmly bonded to the pot jacket 312 with their leg ends facing away from the spring bridge 48.
  • the material is in FIG. 2 again indicated by a weld 49.
  • the spring bridge 48 spans the membrane area covering the bottom of the pot 311 and presses against the first membrane 36.
  • the spring bridge 48 is concavely arched for this purpose, thus has a protruding from the bridge edge in the space between the two spring legs 46, 47 concavity, wherein the concave curvature of the spring bridge 48 has a central region 484, which conformed to the convex elevation 361 of the membrane 36 is.
  • Spring bridge 48 and spring legs 46, 47 are made in one piece from a spring band as stamped and bent part, being used as a band material high-strength spring steel. In the area of the spring bridge 48, the spring band runs in turns ( FIG. 3 ).
  • the windings are shaped such that the spring bridge 48 has an S-shape with a straight central leg 481 and two arcuate outer legs 482 and 483 integrally connected to one end of the central leg 481 and the axis of the middle leg 481 and the axes the two spring legs 46, 47 lie in a plane which extends at right angles to the plane of the spring bridge 48.
  • the conformed central region 484 of the concave curvature of the spring bridge 48 lying on the convex elevation 361 of the first membrane 36 is formed on the middle leg 481, and of the outer legs 482 and 483, the spring legs 46 and 47 are bent at right angles.
  • the spring legs 46,48 are axially pushed so far on the housing pot 31 that the spring bridge 48 presses with the desired bias on the first diaphragm 36.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Coupleur hydraulique, en particulier pour des soupapes d'injection de carburant, comprenant un pot de boîtier (31) présentant un fond de pot (311) et une enveloppe de pot (312), un piston (33) guidé de manière à pouvoir coulisser axialement dans le pot de boîtier (31), un interstice de coupleur (35) rempli de fluide, situé entre le piston (33) et le fond de pot (311), une membrane (36) disposée du côté extérieur du pot de boîtier (31) opposé au piston (33), laquelle limite un espace de compensation (37) en liaison fluidique avec l'interstice de coupleur (35), et un élément de ressort (40) agissant sur la membrane (36) avec une force de ressort orientée axialement, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de ressort (40) est réalisé sous forme d'étrier à ressort (45) fixé sur le pot de boîtier (31), lequel s'applique dans la région du fond de pot (311) avec une précontrainte axiale contre la membrane (36).
  2. Coupleur hydraulique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'étrier à ressort (45) présente des branches de ressort (46, 47) venant en prise par le dessus avec l'enveloppe de pot (312) et un pont de ressort (48) reliant l'une à l'autre les branches de ressort (46, 47), lequel s'applique avec une région centrale contre la membrane (36).
  3. Coupleur hydraulique selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le pont de ressort (48) présente une courbure concave.
  4. Coupleur hydraulique selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que la fixation de l'étrier à ressort (45) s'effectue au moyen des branches de ressort (46, 47) sur l'enveloppe de pot (312).
  5. Coupleur hydraulique selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les extrémités de branche des branches de ressort (46, 47) opposées au pont de ressort (48) sont reliées par liaison de matière à l'enveloppe de pot (312) du pot de boîtier (31).
  6. Coupleur hydraulique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'étrier à ressort (45) présente deux branches de ressort disposées diamétralement (46, 47) et les branches de ressort (46, 47) et le pont de ressort (48) sont fabriqués d'une seule pièce en bande à ressort, de préférence sous forme de pièce estampée-cintrée.
  7. Coupleur hydraulique selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la bande à ressort s'étend en spires dans la région du pont de ressort (48).
  8. Coupleur hydraulique selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les spires sont formées de telle sorte que le pont de ressort (48) présente une forme en S avec une branche centrale droite (481) et deux branches extérieures courbes (482, 483) se raccordant à celle-ci aux deux extrémités, l'axe longitudinal de la branche centrale (481) du pont de ressort (48) et les axes longitudinaux des deux branches de ressort (46, 47) se trouvant dans un plan s'étendant à angle droit par rapport au pont de ressort (48).
  9. Coupleur hydraulique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la bande à ressort se compose d'acier à ressort de grande résistance.
  10. Coupleur hydraulique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la membrane (36) s'étend par-dessus le fond de pot (311) et est connectée par liaison de matière à l'enveloppe de pot (312) par le biais de son bord de membrane.
  11. Coupleur hydraulique selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que la membrane (36) présente un rehaussement central convexe (361) et un creux annulaire concave (362) entourant le rehaussement (361) et la surface de fond du fond de pot (311) tournée vers la membrane (36) est adaptée à la forme de la membrane et en ce que le pont de ressort de courbure concave (48) de l'étrier à ressort (45) s'applique sur la membrane (36) avec une région centrale (484) dont la forme est adaptée au rehaussement convexe (361) de la membrane (36).
  12. Coupleur hydraulique selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que pour la liaison fluidique de l'interstice de coupleur (35) et de l'espace de compensation (37) dans l'enveloppe de pot (312) du pot de boîtier (31), il est prévu au moins un alésage radial (38), lequel est ouvert d'une part vers l'espace de compensation (37) et d'autre part vers un interstice annulaire (42) prévu entre le piston (33) et l'enveloppe de pot (312) du pot de boîtier (31), et en ce que l'interstice annulaire (42) est recouvert du côté frontal du pot de boîtier (31) opposé au fond de pot (311) par une membrane annulaire (41) qui est à chaque fois fixée de manière étanche aux fluides avec son bord de membrane extérieur contre l'enveloppe de pot (311) et avec son bord de membrane intérieur contre le piston (33).
EP12770055.7A 2011-10-14 2012-09-25 Coupleur hydraulique Active EP2766593B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011084512A DE102011084512A1 (de) 2011-10-14 2011-10-14 Hydraulischer Koppler
PCT/EP2012/068832 WO2013053594A1 (fr) 2011-10-14 2012-09-25 Coupleur hydraulique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2766593A1 EP2766593A1 (fr) 2014-08-20
EP2766593B1 true EP2766593B1 (fr) 2015-06-10

Family

ID=47008555

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12770055.7A Active EP2766593B1 (fr) 2011-10-14 2012-09-25 Coupleur hydraulique

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US9624886B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2766593B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5916868B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20140073525A (fr)
CN (1) CN103874848B (fr)
DE (1) DE102011084512A1 (fr)
IN (1) IN2014CN02720A (fr)
RU (1) RU2606731C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013053594A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB201512350D0 (en) * 2015-07-15 2015-08-19 Delphi Int Operations Lux Srl Servo actuator for fuel injector
EP3139028A1 (fr) 2015-09-03 2017-03-08 Delphi International Operations Luxembourg S.à r.l. Coupleur à double extrémité pour servocommande
US10006429B2 (en) * 2016-03-31 2018-06-26 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Variable-area poppet nozzle actuator
KR101976940B1 (ko) 2017-08-30 2019-05-09 중앙대학교 산학협력단 긴 비암호화 RNA linc00598을 유효성분으로 함유하는 세포주기 조절용 시약 조성물
RU188574U1 (ru) * 2018-08-28 2019-04-17 Юрий Владимирович Загашвили Пьезомодуль

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US2966351A (en) * 1959-06-12 1960-12-27 Paragon Products Corp Dash-pot device
DE3533085A1 (de) * 1985-09-17 1987-03-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert Zumessventil zur dosierung von fluessigkeiten oder gasen
DE19650900A1 (de) * 1996-12-07 1998-06-10 Bosch Gmbh Robert Piezoelektrischer Aktuator
DE19919313B4 (de) * 1999-04-28 2013-12-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzventil
JP3958683B2 (ja) 2000-10-11 2007-08-15 シーメンス ヴィディーオー オートモーティヴ コーポレイション アクチュエーターの補償器を有する燃料噴射器及び補償方法
DE10203659A1 (de) * 2002-01-30 2003-07-31 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brennstoffeinspritzventil
DE102004002134A1 (de) 2004-01-15 2005-08-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzventil
DE102004002081A1 (de) * 2004-01-15 2005-08-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzventil
RU2272169C2 (ru) * 2004-04-27 2006-03-20 Московский государственный открытый университет (МГОУ) Форсунка с электрическим управлением для подачи топлива в двигатель внутреннего сгорания
DE102004060533A1 (de) * 2004-12-16 2006-06-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennstoffeinspritzventil
DE102007018039A1 (de) * 2006-09-14 2008-03-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Piezoaktormodul mit einem ummantelten Piezoaktor
DE102006050165A1 (de) * 2006-10-25 2008-04-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Aktor mit Fluidisolierung
DE102007028490A1 (de) 2007-06-21 2008-12-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Koppler zur Hubübertragung mittels Scherkraft, Injektor, sowie Verfahren zur Hubübertragung
EP2080895B1 (fr) * 2008-01-17 2011-10-19 Continental Automotive GmbH Agencement de compensation thermique et soupape d'injection
DE102008054652B4 (de) * 2008-12-15 2018-01-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Hydraulischer Koppler
DE102009026532A1 (de) * 2009-05-28 2010-12-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Einspritzventil für ein Fluid
DE102009045009A1 (de) * 2009-09-25 2011-03-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Einspritzventil für ein Fluid

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IN2014CN02720A (fr) 2015-07-03
RU2606731C2 (ru) 2017-01-10
JP2014528548A (ja) 2014-10-27
US20150048265A1 (en) 2015-02-19
JP5916868B2 (ja) 2016-05-11
DE102011084512A1 (de) 2013-04-18
CN103874848A (zh) 2014-06-18
RU2014119129A (ru) 2015-12-10
WO2013053594A1 (fr) 2013-04-18
KR20140073525A (ko) 2014-06-16
CN103874848B (zh) 2016-10-26
US9624886B2 (en) 2017-04-18
EP2766593A1 (fr) 2014-08-20

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