EP2763229B1 - Système de gestion d'énergie, dispositif de gestion d'énergie et procédé de gestion d'énergie - Google Patents
Système de gestion d'énergie, dispositif de gestion d'énergie et procédé de gestion d'énergie Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2763229B1 EP2763229B1 EP12836410.6A EP12836410A EP2763229B1 EP 2763229 B1 EP2763229 B1 EP 2763229B1 EP 12836410 A EP12836410 A EP 12836410A EP 2763229 B1 EP2763229 B1 EP 2763229B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- hot water
- unit
- temperature maintaining
- maintaining control
- energy management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04701—Temperature
- H01M8/04731—Temperature of other components of a fuel cell or fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
- H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/10—Fuel cells in stationary systems, e.g. emergency power source in plant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/40—Combination of fuel cells with other energy production systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/40—Combination of fuel cells with other energy production systems
- H01M2250/405—Cogeneration of heat or hot water
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04604—Power, energy, capacity or load
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/10—Applications of fuel cells in buildings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/40—Fuel cell technologies in production processes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an energy management system provided with an energy management apparatus connected to a fuel cell and a load, the energy management apparatus, and a power management method.
- Examples of the dispersed power source may include a fuel cell unit including a fuel cell such as an SOFC (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell).
- Examples of the dispersed power source may include a power generation equipment that utilizes clean energy such as sunlight, wind power, or geothermy.
- the power output from the fuel cell unit is controlled to follow power consumption of a load provided in a consumer (for example, Patent Literature 1).
- Document JP 2006 100006 A1 discloses fuel battery comprising a plurality of fuel cells housed in a housing, and a heater disposed in the housing which is heated by electric power generated by the plurality of fuel cells.
- the operation method of the fuel battery makes the heater in the housing generate heat by using power generated by the plurality of fuel cells.
- Document US 2007/119638 A1 discloses a solid oxide fuel cell system including electric resistance elements for heating of space and components within the "hot zone” enclosure of the system, preferably in combination with means for using "waste" heat from other sources, to assist in warm-up from a cold start and/or to maintain a stand-by temperature of reformer and fuel cell elements within the system and/or to maintain optimum operating temperatures within the system during periods of very low electrical demand on the system.
- Document JP 2004 006217 A discloses a system comprising a fuel reform device for reforming the fuel and obtaining hydrogen, a fuel cell unit that is supplied with hydrogen from the fuel reform device and generates power, an exhaust heat recovery device for recovering exhaust heat generated by the fuel cell unit and the fuel reform device, and a control device that controls the fuel reform device, fuel cell unit, and exhaust heat recovery device, and further, comprises a temperature sensor.
- the control device 15 switches over between a continuous operation method and an intermittent operation method that performs starting and stopping once and more times in one day based on the output of the temperature sensor.
- the control device switches over the operation based on month and date, based on the temperature of the city water, and based on the status of the air temperature and the hot water tank.
- Patent Literature 1 Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2010-15783
- An energy management system according to the first feature is defined by claim 1.
- control unit heats the fuel cell by a heater in the high-temperature maintaining control.
- the specifying unit specifies a period during which power consumption of the load is below a predetermined threshold value as a period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed, on the basis of a history of the power consumption of the load.
- exhaust heat generated by an operation of the fuel cell is used for warming water stored in a hot water storage unit.
- the control unit decreases an amount of hot water returned to the hot water storage unit in the high-temperature maintaining control.
- the specifying unit specifies a period during which an amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage unit exceeds a predetermined threshold value as a period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed, on the basis of a use history of the hot water stored in the hot water storage unit.
- exhaust heat generated by an operation of the fuel cell is used for warming water stored in a hot water storage unit.
- the control unit stops the high-temperature maintaining control when an amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage unit is less than a predetermined threshold value.
- control unit always performs the high-temperature maintaining control in a state of an independent operation.
- another power generation equipment is further connected to the energy management system.
- the specifying unit specifies, in a state where power generated by the another power generation equipment is not allowed to be sold, a time zone in which a large amount of power generation by the another power generation equipment is expected, as a period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed.
- another power generation equipment is further connected to the energy management system.
- the specifying unit specifies, in a state where a unit price per unit amount of power generation by the fuel cell exceeds a power selling unit price of power generation by the another power generation equipment, a time zone in which a large amount of power generation is expected, as a period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed.
- An energy management apparatus according to the second feature is defined by claim 8.
- a power management method according to the third feature is defined by claim 9.
- the energy management system is provided with a fuel cell and a load.
- the power management system comprises: a control unit that performs high-temperature maintaining control maintaining a temperature of the fuel cell during an operation within a predetermined temperature range.
- the control unit always maintains the high-temperature maintaining control in a state of an independent operation, and performs the high-temperature maintaining control when a predetermined condition is satisfied during grid interconnection.
- the control unit always maintains the high-temperature maintaining control in the state of an independent operation. This restrains a situation in which the power supplied from the fuel cell runs short due to worsening in the load followability of the fuel cell.
- the control unit performs the high-temperature maintaining control when a predetermined condition is satisfied during the grid interconnection. Therefore, increase in energy cost due to unnecessary high-temperature maintaining control is restrained. That is, cost advantage can rather be gained by complementing the shortage in the power supplied from the fuel cell with power supplied from a system.
- the energy management system is provided with a fuel cell and a load.
- the energy management system comprises: a control unit that performs high-temperature maintaining control maintaining a temperature of the fuel cell during an operation within a predetermined temperature range; and a specifying unit that specifies a period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed.
- the control unit performs the high-temperature maintaining control in the period specified by the specifying unit.
- control unit performs the high-temperature maintaining control in the period specified by the specifying unit. This makes it possible to appropriately restrain worsening in the load followability of the fuel cell. Further, the increase in energy cost due to unnecessary high-temperature maintaining control is also restrained.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of a power management system 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the power management system 1 includes an SOFC unit 100, a distribution board 300, a load 400, and an HEMS 500.
- the SOFC unit 100 is a unit including equipment (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell) that outputs power (for example, DC power) by a chemical reaction between hydrogen extracted from natural gas, for example, and oxygen in the air.
- equipment Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
- power for example, DC power
- the SOFC unit 100 includes an SOFC 110, an SOFC PCS 120, a heat exchanger 130, and an SOFC controller 140.
- the SOFC 110 is equipment (Solid Oxide Fuel Cell) that generates power (for example, DC power) by a chemical reaction between hydrogen extracted from gas, etc. , and oxygen in the air.
- the SOFC 110 is an example of the fuel cell.
- An amount of power generation by the SOFC 110 varies depending on an amount of gas and air supplied to the SOFC 110.
- the amount of gas and air supplied to the SOFC 110 is controlled by the SOFC controller 140.
- the SOFC PCS 120 converts the DC power output from the SOFC 110 into AC power.
- the SOFC PCS 120 outputs the AC power to the distribution board 300 via a power line 12.
- the heat exchanger 130 is linked with a hot water storage tank 210 and warms water supplied form the hot water storage tank 210 with exhaust heat generated by an operation (power generation) of the SOFC 110.
- the heat exchanger 130 warms the water supplied form the hot water storage tank 210 and returns warmed hot water to the hot water storage tank 210.
- the exhaust heat generated by the operation (power generation) of the SOFC 110 is used for warming water supplied from the hot water storage tank 210.
- the SOFC controller 140 performs control for performing a load following operation. Specifically, the SOFC controller 140 controls the SOFC 110 so that the power output from the SOFC unit 100 (SOFC 110) follows the power consumption of the load 400.
- the SOFC controller 140 decides a target output power value of the SOFC unit 100 (SOFC 110) so that the power supplied from a grid 10 reaches a predetermined value (for example, zero).
- the SOFC controller 140 controls the SOFC 110 so that the power output from the SOFC unit 100 (SOFC 110) reaches a target output power value.
- the power supplied from the grid 10 varies depending on the power consumption of the load 400. Therefore, it should be noted that even in a case of deciding the target output power value according to the power supplied from the grid 10, the power output from the SOFC unit 100 (SOFC 110) follows the power consumption of the load 400.
- the SOFC controller 140 decides the target output power value equal to the power consumption of the load 400.
- the SOFC controller 140 controls the SOFC 110 so that the power output from the SOFC unit 100 (SOFC 110) reaches a target output power value.
- the SOFC controller 140 notifies the temperature of the SOFC 110 during an operation to the HEMS 500.
- the temperature of the SOFC 110 during an operation can be measured by, for example, a thermometer provided together with the SOFC 110.
- the hot water storage unit 200 has the hot water storage tank 210 linked with the heat exchanger 130.
- the hot water storage tank 210 stores the hot water warmed by the exhaust heat generated by the operation of the SOFC 110. Further, the hot water storage unit 200 has a function of controlling the amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 210 by adjusting the amount of water supplied to the heat exchanger 130, and the like.
- the hot water storage unit 200 notifies the amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 210 to the HEMS 500 via the SOFC controller 140.
- the "amount of hot water stored” may be regarded as a value converted into temperature (that is, the amount of heat stored).
- the distribution board 300 is connected to the grid 10 via a power line 11, connected to the SOFC unit 100 via a power line 12, and connected to the load 400 via a power line 13.
- the distribution board 300 distributes the power supplied from the grid 10 via the power line 11 and the power supplied from the SOFC unit 100 via the power line 12, to the load 400 via the power line 13.
- the distribution board 300 includes the measurement unit 310.
- the measurement unit 310 measures the power supplied from the grid 10.
- the measurement unit 310 measures power consumption of the load 400
- the measurement unit 310 may measure a sum of power consumption of the loads 400, or may individually measure power consumption of each load 400.
- the measurement unit 310 is connected to the SOFC unit 100 and the HEMS 500 via a signal line, and transmits a measured value to the SOFC unit 100 and the HEMS 500.
- the load 400 is equipment that consumes the power supplied via the power line 13. Examples of the load 400 include equipment such as a refrigerator, lighting, an air conditioner, and TV.
- the load 400 may be single equipment, and may include a plurality of equipment.
- the HEMS 500 is an apparatus (HEMS: Home Energy Management System) that manages the power of the consumer.
- the HEMS 500 is connected to the SOFC unit 100, the distribution board 300 (measurement unit 310), and the load 400 via a signal line.
- the HEMS 500 includes a function of controlling an operation mode of the load 400.
- the HEMS 500 is an example of an energy management apparatus.
- the HEMS 500 includes a reception unit 510, a transmission unit 520, a specifying unit 530, and a control unit 540.
- the reception unit 510 receives various types of information from the SOFC controller 140, the distribution board 300 (the measurement unit 310), and the load 400. For example, the reception unit 510 receives, from the SOFC controller 140, information indicating the amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 210 and information indicating the temperature of the SOFC 110 during an operation. The reception unit 510 receives, from the measurement unit 310, power (measured value) supplied from the grid 10 or the power consumption (the measured value) of the load 400. The reception unit 510 may receive, from the load 400, load state information indicating a state (power ON/OFF, an operation mode) of the load 400.
- the information received from at least one of the measurement unit 310 and the load 400 is accumulated in a memory unit (not shown) and the information is preferably managed in the memory unit as a history of the power consumption of the load 400. Further, the information indicating the amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 210 is accumulated in the memory unit (not shown) and the information is preferably managed in the memory unit as a use history of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 210.
- the transmission unit 520 transmits various types of information to the SOFC unit 100 and the load 400.
- the transmission unit 520 transmits a temperature control signal for performing the high-temperature maintaining control that maintains the temperature of the SOFC 110 during an operation within a predetermined temperature range.
- the high-temperature maintaining control may be performed by heating the SOFC 110 by a heater provided together with the SOFC 110.
- the transmission unit 520 transmits the temperature control signal to the heater.
- the high-temperature maintaining control is performed by decreasing the amount of hot water returned to the hot water storage tank 210.
- the transmission unit 520 transmits the temperature control signal to the hot water storage unit 200.
- the decrease in the amount of hot water returned to the hot water storage tank 210 indicates decrease with respect to the amount of hot water (the normal amount of hot water) returned to the hot water storage tank 210 in a state where the high-temperature maintaining control is not performed.
- the transmission unit 520 may transmit, to the load 400, load control information for controlling the load 400.
- the specifying unit 530 specifies a period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed. Specifically, the specifying unit 530 specifies a period during which power output (the amount of power generation) by the SOFC 110 is below a predetermined threshold value as a period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed. The specifying unit 530 may exclude the period during which the increased amount of the power output (the amount of power generation) by the SOFC 110 is less than the predetermined threshold value, from the period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed. For example, the specifying unit 530 specifies the period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed, by the following five methods.
- the specifying unit 530 specifies a period during which the power consumption of the load 400 is below a predetermined threshold value as a period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed, on the basis of the history of the power consumption of the load 400. In other words, the specifying unit 530 specifies a period during which the temperature of the SOFC 110 during an operation is decreased.
- the specifying unit 530 may exclude the period during which the increased amount of the power consumption of the load 400 is below a predetermined threshold value, from the period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed.
- the specifying unit 530 may specify a period during which the amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 210 exceeds a predetermined threshold value as the period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed, on the basis of the use history of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 210. In other words, the specifying unit 530 specifies a period during which the used amount of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 210 is small. When the amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 210 is large, even when the amount of hot water returned to the hot water storage tank 210 is decreased, the amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 210 never runs short.
- the specifying unit 530 may specify the period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed, on the basis of the combination of the history of the power consumption of the load 400 and the use history of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 210.
- the specifying unit 530 may specify the period during which the power consumption of the load 400 is below a predetermined threshold value or the period during which the amount of hot water in the hot water storage tank 210 exceeds the predetermined threshold value.
- the specifying unit 530 may specify the period during which the power consumption of the load 400 is below a predetermined threshold value and the amount of hot water in the hot water storage tank 210 exceeds a predetermined threshold value.
- the specifying unit 530 may specify the period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed, on the basis of whether or not it is possible to sell power generated by another power generation equipment such as a photovoltaic cell, and on the basis of a time zone. That is, when a power generation equipment, such as a photovoltaic cell, of which the amount of power generation varies in accordance with a time zone, is connected together to the load as another power generation equipment, the amount of the output of the power generation equipment is taken into consideration. For example, in the case of the photovoltaic cell, the amount of power generation is large during daytime and the amount of power generation is small during nighttime.
- the time zone in which a large amount of power generation is expected may be specified as a period during which the high-temperature maintaining control is performed.
- the specifying unit 530 may specify the period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed, on the basis of a result of comparing the power selling unit price of the power generated by the another power generation equipment with the unit price of power generation by an SOFC. That is, like an example indicated as a fourth method of specifying a period, in the time zone in which power can be sold and a large amount of power generation is expected, the unit price of power generation, by the SOFC 110, per unit amount is compared with the power selling unit price of power generation by the another power generation equipment such as a photovoltaic cell. When the former exceeds the latter, the power generated by the another power generation equipment is not sold but allocated for consumption of the load.
- the amount of dependence on the amount of power generation by the SOFC 110 is decreased, and the temperature of the SOFC 110 during an operation is lowered. Therefore, in a state where the unit price of power generation, by the SOFC 110, per unit amount exceeds the power selling unit price of power generation by the another power generation equipment of the another power generation equipment, the time zone in which a large amount of power generation is expected may be specified as a period during which the high-temperature maintaining control is performed.
- the control unit 540 controls the HEMS 500. Specifically, the control unit 540 performs the high-temperature maintaining control maintaining the temperature of the SOFC 110 during an operation within a predetermined temperature range.
- control unit 540 it is preferable for the control unit 540 to always maintain the high-temperature maintaining control in the state of the independent operation, and to perform the high-temperature maintaining control when the predetermined condition is satisfied during the grid interconnection.
- the predetermined condition is, for example, that the period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed is specified by the specifying unit 530, and a current time is included in the period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed.
- a method of performing the high-temperature maintaining control by the control unit 540 may include the following two methods.
- control unit 540 heats the SOFC 110 by the heater provided together with the SOFC 110 in the high-temperature maintaining control. That is, the control unit 540 instructs the transmission unit 520 to transmit a temperature control signal to the heater.
- the period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed is preferably specified on the basis of the history of the power consumption of the load 400.
- the period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed may be specified on the basis of the use history of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 210.
- control unit 540 decreases the amount of hot water returned to the hot water storage tank 210 in the high-temperature maintaining control. That is, the control unit 540 instructs the transmission unit 520 to transmit a temperature control signal for the hot water storage unit 200.
- the period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed is preferably specified on the basis of the use history of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 210.
- the period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed may be specified on the basis of the history of the power consumption of the load 400.
- the control unit 540 may heat the SOFC 110 by the heater and decrease the amount of hot water returned to the hot water storage tank 210 in the high-temperature maintaining control.
- FIG. 3 and Fig. 4 is a sequence diagram showing the energy management method according to the first embodiment.
- the HEMS 500 specifies the period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed. Specifically, the HEMS 500 specifies the period during which the power output (the amount of power generation) by the SOFC 110 is below a predetermined threshold value, as a period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed. For example, the HEMS 500 specifies the period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed, by the above-described five methods. For example, the HEMS 500 specifies the period during which the power consumption of the load 400 is below a predetermined threshold value.
- step 120 the HEMS 500 determines whether or not the increased amount of the power output (the amount of power generation) by the SOFC 110 is equal to or more than a predetermined threshold value.
- a determination result is "YES”
- the HEMS 500 proceeds to a process in step 130. Meanwhile, the HEMS 500 ends a series of processes when the determination result is "NO”.
- the HEMS 500 proceeds to the process in step 130.
- step 110 and step 120 are described together in the above-described five methods.
- step 130 the HEMS 500 performs the high-temperature maintaining control in the period specified in step 110.
- the HEMS 500 preferably heats the SOFC 110 by the heater.
- the HEMS 500 specifies the period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed, on the basis of the use history of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 210. In particular, the HEMS 500 specifies the period during which the amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 210 exceeds a predetermined threshold value.
- step 220 the HEMS 500 performs the high-temperature maintaining control in the period specified in step 210.
- the HEMS 500 decreases the amount of hot water returned to the hot water storage tank 210.
- the HEMS 500 always maintains the high-temperature maintaining control in the state of the independent operation. This restrains a situation in which power supplied from the SOFC 110 runs short due to worsening in load followability of the SOFC 110.
- the HEMS 500 performs the high-temperature maintaining control when a predetermined condition is satisfied during the grid interconnection. Therefore, increase in energy cost due to unnecessary high-temperature maintaining control is restrained. That is, rather, cost advantage can be gained by complementing the shortage in the power supplied from the SOFC 110 with the power supplied from the system.
- the HEMS 500 performs the high-temperature maintaining control in a period specified by the specifying unit 530. This makes it possible to appropriately restrain worsening in the load followability of the SOFC 110. Further, the increase in energy cost due to unnecessary high-temperature maintaining control is also restrained.
- the HEMS 500 stops the high-temperature maintaining control when the amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 210 is less than a predetermined threshold value.
- the high-temperature maintaining control when the period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed is specified on the basis of the history of the power consumption of the load 400, a case where the amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 210 is less than the predetermined threshold value may be considered. In such a case, when the high-temperature maintaining control is control that decreases the amount of hot water returned to the hot water storage tank 210, the amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 210 may run short.
- the HEMS 500 assumes such a case and stops the high-temperature maintaining control when the amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 210 is less than the predetermined threshold value.
- the HEMS 500 is described as an example.
- the energy management apparatus may be a BEMS (Building and Energy Management System) or an FEMS (Factory Energy Management System), for example.
- the HEMS 500 specifies the period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed, on the basis of the history of the power consumption of the load 400 or the use history of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 210.
- the HEMS 500 may always monitor the power consumption of the load 400 and specify the period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed.
- the HEMS 500 may always monitor the used amount of the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 210 and specify the period during which the high-temperature maintaining control should be performed.
- the HEMS 500 always performs the high-temperature maintaining control during the independent operation.
- the HEMS 500 may perform the high-temperature maintaining control in the period specified by the specifying unit 530 even during the independent operation.
- control unit 530 may be provided in an apparatus other than the HEMS 500.
- the SOFC controller 130 or the distribution board 300 may include the function of the control unit 530.
- communication in a network configured by the HEMS 500 and each equipment is preferably performed in compliance with a predetermined protocol (ECHONET Lite, ZigBEE SEP2.0, KNX, etc.).
- a predetermined protocol ECHONET Lite, ZigBEE SEP2.0, KNX, etc.
- various types of commands are communicated in a format defined in a predetermined protocol.
- information indicating an amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 210 and information indicating a temperature of the SOFC 110 during an operation that are notified by the SOFC unit 100 to the HEMS 500, the load state information (power ON/OFF, operation mode) notified by the load 400 to the HEMS 500, and operation mode designation information (information for designating an operation mode of the load 400) notified by the HEMS 500 to the load 400 are notified in a format defined in a predetermined protocol.
- an energy management system, energy management apparatus and power management method capable of improving load followability of a fuel cell unit.
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Claims (9)
- Système de gestion de l'énergie (1) mis à disposition avec une pile à combustible (110) et une charge (400), comprenant :une unité de commande (540) qui réalise le contrôle du maintien à haute température en maintenant une température de la pile à combustible (110) au cours d'une opération dans une plage de température prédéterminée ; etune unité de spécification (530) qui spécifie une période au cours de laquelle le contrôle du maintien de la haute température doit être réalisé, dans lequell'unité de commande (540) réalise le contrôle du maintien de la haute température dans la période spécifiée par l'unité de spécification (530), etle rejet thermique généré par une opération de la pile à combustible (110) est utilisé pour chauffer l'eau stockée dans une unité de stockage d'eau chaude (200), caractérisé en ce quel'unité de commande (540) diminue une quantité d'eau chaude renvoyée vers l'unité de stockage d'eau chaude (200) dans le contrôle du maintien de la haute température.
- Système de gestion de l'énergie (1) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel
l'unité de commande (540) chauffe la pile à combustible (110) par un dispositif de chauffage dans le contrôle du maintien de la haute température. - Système de gestion de l'énergie (1) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel
l'unité de spécification (530) spécifie une période au cours de laquelle la consommation de l'énergie de la charge (400) est en dessous d'une valeur de seuil prédéterminée en tant que période au cours de laquelle le contrôle du maintien de la haute température doit être réalisé, sur la base d'un historique de la consommation de l'énergie de la charge (400). - Système de gestion de l'énergie (1) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel
l'unité de spécification (530) spécifie une période au cours de laquelle une quantité d'eau chaude stockée dans l'unité de stockage d'eau chaude (200) dépasse une valeur de seuil prédéterminée en tant que période au cours de laquelle le contrôle du maintien de la haute température doit être réalisé, sur la base d'un historique de l'utilisation de l'eau chaude stockée dans l'unité de stockage d'eau chaude (200). - Système de gestion de l'énergie (1) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel
l'unité de commande (540) arrête le contrôle du maintien de la haute température lorsqu'une quantité d'eau chaude stockée dans l'unité de stockage d'eau chaude (200) est inférieure à une valeur de seuil prédéterminée. - Système de gestion de l'énergie (1) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel
un autre équipement de production d'énergie est en outre relié au système de gestion de l'énergie (1), et
l'unité de spécification (530) spécifie, dans une situation où l'énergie produite par l'autre équipement de production d'énergie n'est pas autorisée à être vendue, une plage horaire dans laquelle une production d'une grande quantité d'énergie par l'autre équipement de production d'énergie est attendue, en tant que période au cours de laquelle le contrôle du maintien de la haute température doit être réalisé. - Système de gestion de l'énergie (1) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel
un autre équipement de production d'énergie est en outre relié au système de gestion de l'énergie (1), et
l'unité de spécification (530) spécifie, dans une situation où un prix unitaire par quantité unitaire de production d'énergie par la pile à combustible (110) dépasse un prix unitaire de vente de l'énergie de la production d'énergie par un autre équipement de production d'énergie, une plage horaire dans laquelle une production d'une grande quantité d'énergie est attendue, en tant que période au cours de laquelle le contrôle du maintien de la haute température doit être réalisé. - Appareil de gestion de l'énergie (500) relié à une pile à combustible (110) et à une charge (400), comprenant :une unité de commande (540) qui réalise le contrôle du maintien de la haute température en maintenant la température de la pile à combustible (110) au cours d'une opération dans une plage de température prédéterminée ; etune unité de spécification (530) qui spécifie une période au cours de laquelle le contrôle du maintien de la haute température doit être réalisé, dans lequell'unité de commande (540) réalise le contrôle du maintien de la haute température dans la période spécifiée par l'unité de spécification (530), etle rejet thermique généré par une opération de la pile à combustible (110) est utilisé pour chauffer l'eau stockée dans une unité de stockage d'eau chaude (200), caractérisé en ce quel'unité de commande (540) diminue une quantité d'eau chaude renvoyée vers l'unité de stockage d'eau chaude (200) dans le contrôle du maintien de la haute température.
- Procédé de gestion de l'énergie appliqué à un système de gestion de l'énergie (1) mis à disposition avec un appareil de gestion de l'énergie (500) relié à une pile à combustible (110) et à une charge (400), comprenant :une étape A de spécification d'une période au cours de laquelle le contrôle du maintien de la haute température doit être réalisé, le contrôle du maintien de la haute température maintenant une température de la pile à combustible (110) au cours d'une opération dans une plage de température prédéterminée ;une étape B de réalisation du contrôle du maintien de la haute température dans la période spécifiée par l'unité de spécification ; etune étape C d'utilisation du rejet thermique par une opération de la pile à combustible (110) pour chauffer l'eau stockée dans une unité de stockage d'eau chaude (200) ; caractérisé parune étape D de diminution d'une quantité d'eau chaude renvoyée vers l'unité de stockage d'eau chaude (200) dans le contrôle du maintien de la haute température.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011213575A JP5905226B2 (ja) | 2011-09-28 | 2011-09-28 | エネルギー管理システム、エネルギー管理装置及び電力管理方法 |
PCT/JP2012/075251 WO2013047843A1 (fr) | 2011-09-28 | 2012-09-28 | Système de gestion d'énergie, dispositif de gestion d'énergie et procédé de gestion d'énergie |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2763229A1 EP2763229A1 (fr) | 2014-08-06 |
EP2763229A4 EP2763229A4 (fr) | 2016-01-27 |
EP2763229B1 true EP2763229B1 (fr) | 2018-11-07 |
Family
ID=47995867
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP12836410.6A Not-in-force EP2763229B1 (fr) | 2011-09-28 | 2012-09-28 | Système de gestion d'énergie, dispositif de gestion d'énergie et procédé de gestion d'énergie |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US10461340B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2763229B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP5905226B2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2013047843A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1482616A1 (fr) * | 2002-03-06 | 2004-12-01 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Dispositif de reglage pour systeme de fourniture d'energie reparti |
JP2003308864A (ja) * | 2002-04-12 | 2003-10-31 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 燃料電池コジェネレーションシステム |
JP2004006217A (ja) * | 2002-04-12 | 2004-01-08 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 燃料電池コジェネレーションシステム |
US7532987B2 (en) * | 2003-08-28 | 2009-05-12 | Panasonic Corporation | Fuel-cell power generation system and control method therefor |
JP4753407B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-25 | 2011-08-24 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | 発電及び動力装置 |
US20080063902A1 (en) * | 2004-05-19 | 2008-03-13 | Yoshitaka Kawasaki | Fuel Cell System |
FI119469B (fi) | 2004-06-04 | 2008-11-28 | Raute Oyj | Laitteisto liiman annostelemiseksi liikkuvalle tasomaiselle kohteelle |
JP4859359B2 (ja) * | 2004-09-28 | 2012-01-25 | 京セラ株式会社 | 燃料電池の運転方法 |
US8356682B2 (en) * | 2005-04-04 | 2013-01-22 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Fuel cell system using external heat sources for maintaining internal temperature |
CN101512815B (zh) * | 2006-09-27 | 2011-06-08 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | 燃料电池*** |
JP2008262727A (ja) * | 2007-04-10 | 2008-10-30 | Fuji Electric Holdings Co Ltd | りん酸形燃料電池発電装置 |
JP4845899B2 (ja) * | 2008-01-21 | 2011-12-28 | アイシン精機株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP2009272158A (ja) * | 2008-05-08 | 2009-11-19 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP5308729B2 (ja) | 2008-07-02 | 2013-10-09 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | 燃料電池蓄電池およびこれを用いた電池モジュール |
JP5403971B2 (ja) * | 2008-08-06 | 2014-01-29 | 京セラ株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP2011009099A (ja) * | 2009-06-26 | 2011-01-13 | Fuji Electric Systems Co Ltd | 燃料電池発電装置の制御方法及び燃料電池発電装置 |
JP5475632B2 (ja) * | 2010-12-22 | 2014-04-16 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | 熱電併給システム、熱電併給制御装置、熱電併給制御方法、及びプログラム |
-
2011
- 2011-09-28 JP JP2011213575A patent/JP5905226B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2012
- 2012-09-28 EP EP12836410.6A patent/EP2763229B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2012-09-28 US US14/348,030 patent/US10461340B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-09-28 WO PCT/JP2012/075251 patent/WO2013047843A1/fr active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP5905226B2 (ja) | 2016-04-20 |
EP2763229A1 (fr) | 2014-08-06 |
JP2013073858A (ja) | 2013-04-22 |
WO2013047843A1 (fr) | 2013-04-04 |
US20140242490A1 (en) | 2014-08-28 |
US10461340B2 (en) | 2019-10-29 |
EP2763229A4 (fr) | 2016-01-27 |
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