EP2749470B1 - Method and device for monitoring the electrical insulation between two portions of railway tracks, and railway track provided with such a device - Google Patents
Method and device for monitoring the electrical insulation between two portions of railway tracks, and railway track provided with such a device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2749470B1 EP2749470B1 EP13197837.1A EP13197837A EP2749470B1 EP 2749470 B1 EP2749470 B1 EP 2749470B1 EP 13197837 A EP13197837 A EP 13197837A EP 2749470 B1 EP2749470 B1 EP 2749470B1
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- rail
- insulating
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- voltages
- transmitter
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- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005314 correlation function Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001080024 Telles Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021183 entrée Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
- B61L1/20—Safety arrangements for preventing or indicating malfunction of the device, e.g. by leakage current, by lightning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
- B61L1/18—Railway track circuits
- B61L1/181—Details
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for controlling the electrical insulation between two portions of railway tracks made by an insulating device comprising an insulating joint for each rail line of the railway. It also relates to a railway equipped with such a device.
- the field of the invention is the railway field and more particularly the field of isolated railways carrying one or more electrical signals on the rail (s) making up the railway track, and even more particularly the field of railway tracks comprising circuits of way.
- each portion comprises at least one electrical circuit, said track circuit, implementing an electrical signal of a given frequency or recurrence frequency flowing in the railway, that is to say in the rail queues component of the railway.
- This electrical signal is used in particular to detect the presence or absence of a train in the channel portion, and possibly trigger an action based on this detection.
- each portion of a railway is separated from the adjacent portion by an insulating device comprising an insulating seal for each rail line of the railway.
- the portion of railroad track be on the one hand well insulated from the adjacent portions, and on the other hand insulated in a similar manner, or even identical, for the two rail queues, ie it has the same electrical insulation value for each of the insulating joints disposed on the two rows of rails at the same end of the portion.
- the signal measured at the channel circuit of the portion is distorted by signals from channel circuits of adjacent portions and can not be validly used to signal the presence or absence of a vehicle and even less to trigger actions.
- the document FR 2 758 301 describes the monitoring of an insulation seal by detecting currents having the frequency of the adjacent section.
- the invention aims to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks.
- An object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for verifying the electrical insulation between two adjacent portions of a less expensive railroad.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for verifying the electrical insulation between two adjacent portions of a railway, dynamically.
- Another object of the invention is to propose a method and a device for verifying the electrical insulation between two adjacent portions of a faster railroad track, and in particular allowing a signaling before reaching an insulation value. tainting the availability of one of the two contiguous track circuits.
- Such a verification device makes it possible to verify the electrical insulation between two adjacent portions of a railway track, and consequently to detect a lack of electrical insulation between said portions, by measurement of electrical voltages at the level of the connections of the track circuits. of each of the adjacent sections of railway and at the level of the inserts, if any.
- the device according to the invention has the advantage of performing such an inspection, dynamically and automatically remote from the railway, that is to say out of the danger zone of a track railway, or even from a monitoring / management site, distant from the railway.
- the device according to the invention makes it possible to perform a verification of the electrical insulation between two adjacent portions of a railway less risky for an operator.
- Avoiding a visual inspection makes it possible to avoid moving an operator at each insulating device of a railway, and therefore to reduce the number of interventions by an operator, the duration of closure to the traffic of the railway. Consequently, the device according to the invention makes it possible to perform a faster and less expensive verification.
- a track circuit which is a concept well known to those skilled in the art, is obtained by applying a voltage to each of the two rails of a railway portion, by a transmitter. The voltage between the rail queues is monitored by a receiver.
- the test means can be arranged to calculate a correlation function between said measured voltages. Indeed, if the insulating device is defective then the signals present in the channel circuit of a portion will be at least partly in the channel circuit of the adjacent portion, which will result in a non-zero correlation function between the measured signals.
- Each voltage measured by the measuring means can advantageously be measured at the frequency of the corresponding channel circuit.
- the measuring means may comprise one or more voltmeters, each placed in parallel, and all measuring voltages with respect to the same reference. In this case, the measurement of the voltages is carried out directly.
- the measuring means may comprise current measuring means placed in series. In this case, the measurement of voltages is made indirectly and requires resistance measurements.
- the term "voltage” refers to the rms value, the peak value, the average value of the actually measured signal.
- the device according to the invention may further comprise an apparatus for signaling information relating to said test.
- Such a signaling apparatus may be located on a railway site, for example at an equipment center or at a railway monitoring / management site.
- Such a signaling apparatus may comprise a display screen which can be arranged to display the result of the test and / or information relating to the result of the test, such as for example the state of the insulating device: defective or not, for each insulating device or for each insulating joint.
- a display can be realized in association with an identification data item, and / or a location data item, of the device / insulating seal.
- Such a signaling apparatus may furthermore alternatively comprise light or sound signaling means.
- Such a signaling apparatus can be arranged to carry out signaling only in the case where the isolation is not satisfactory, according to at least one predefined test rule.
- the verification can be done on request or at a predetermined frequency or continuously to carry out permanent monitoring. Therefore, the measuring means can operate at each reception of a verification request or at said predetermined frequency.
- the verification request can advantageously be received from a remote site through a wired or non-wired communication network.
- the device according to the invention may further comprise means for receiving data from a remote site and sending to said remote site data relating to the measurements made by the measuring means or to the result provided by the at least one test means, through a wired or non-wired communication network.
- control device can send to the remote center a life signal if the measurements are correct and an alarm in the opposite case.
- the third voltage can be measured between a first terminal of the transmitter and a first terminal of the receiver connected to a first rail line
- the fourth voltage can be measured between a second terminal of the transmitter and a second terminal. receiver connected to a first rail queue.
- the fifth voltage may alternatively be measured between on the one hand a rail end on one of the two rails of one of the adjacent portions and on the other hand a rail end on the other of the two lines of rail on the other side adjacent portions.
- the sixth voltage may alternatively be measured between on the one hand a rail end on the other of the two rails of one of the adjacent portions and a rail end on one of the two rails of the rail. the other adjacent portions.
- the fifth and sixth voltages corresponding to cross-tensions between the rail queues are part of the adjacent portions.
- At least one insulating joint, or even each of the two insulating joints, of the insulating device may comprise two insulating elements between which is disposed a piece of rail, said jumper.
- the rider is, in a particular version, placed at a neutral potential.
- the measuring means may also be arranged to measure at least one voltage between said jumper and a terminal of the receiver or transmitter, said at least one test means being further arranged to take account of at least one one of said voltages.
- Such a seal is called in the following of the application a double seal.
- each insulating element of the joint it is possible to determine the operating state of each insulating element of the joint, in absolute and relative to each other. Indeed, it is possible that one of the insulating elements of the insulating gasket is defective while the insulating seal still performs satisfactory operation on the circuit circuits.
- the device according to the invention may comprise means for injecting a signal of a given frequency into the jumper of each seal of the insulating device, at least one of the measured voltages being measured at said frequency given.
- the device according to the invention is said to be "active" because it does not merely operate with the signals present in the channel circuits and performs an injection of a frequency signal, F0 for example, in the jumpers. in order to carry out the verification of the electrical insulation, different profiles / insulating joints.
- At least one of the elements of the device according to the invention, or even the whole of the device according to the invention can be powered by an electrical signal, said power supply, provided by an external power supply or by the railroad it even when the track is electrified with alternating current.
- the mutual inductance linking the rail queues and the catenary of the railway induce a current of a few tens of amperes in the rail wires, which current is sufficient to power the device. according to the invention, possibly after a current / voltage transformation carried out by a current / voltage transformation means.
- the frequency of the signal provided by the channel and used for power supply can be 16.6Hz for Germany, 50Hz for France and 60Hz for the United States, Korea, Japan, etc.
- the measuring means are arranged / configured so that the measured voltages are measured simultaneously or in a very short period of time.
- the time can be chosen so as to measure a voltage signal sufficient to calculate an effective value, a possible variation of the signal, etc.
- the time can be less than 1s.
- At least one insulating joint of an insulating device may be a bonded insulating seal or a non-bonded insulating seal.
- Such an insulating gasket also called a double seal, is for example that described in the French patent application filed under No. 1260041 by the SOCIÉTÉ NATIONALE DES FERMINS DE FER FRANCAIS (SNCF).
- a presence data relating to the presence or absence of a vehicle makes it possible, for example, to modify the processing and / or decision-making criteria, or to filter the alarms that can be generated due to the presence of a circulation and not of a lack of isolation of the insulating profiles.
- the method according to the invention may further comprise a step of signaling information relating to at least one measurement carried out and / or the result of the analysis of the measured voltages.
- the method according to the invention may comprise a transmission of analysis data or data representing information to be displayed, to the remote management / monitoring site, through a private communication network or a network.
- network type Internet through a wired connection or not.
- Such data transmission requires a low bandwidth for data transmission.
- the method according to the invention may comprise a transmission of measurement data to be analyzed / processed, to the remote management / monitoring site, via a private communication network or an Internet-type network, at the through a wired connection or not.
- the bandwidth used is larger.
- At least one insulating seal of the insulating device may comprise two insulating elements between which is disposed a piece of rail, called a jumper, that is to say a double seal as described more high.
- the method according to the invention may further comprise at least one step of measuring at least one voltage between said jumper and a terminal of the receiver or transmitter, the determining step taking into account furthermore at least one of said voltages.
- the method according to the invention may further comprise a step of injecting a signal of a given frequency into each jumper of each insulating joint, at least one of the measured voltages being measured at said given frequency.
- the steps of measuring the different voltages are performed simultaneously or in a very short period of time.
- the measured voltages are measured simultaneously or in the very short period of time.
- the time can be chosen so as to measure a voltage signal sufficient to calculate an effective value, a possible variation of the signal, etc.
- the time can be less than 1s.
- the FIGURE 1 is a schematic representation of a first example of a railway according to the invention.
- the railway line 100 represented on the FIGURE 1 comprises two rows of rails 102 and 104 and two adjacent portions 106 and 108.
- the adjacent portions 106 and 108 of the track 100 are separated from each other by an isolation device comprising a first seal 110 inserted into the rail line 102 and a second seal 112 inserted into the rail line 104.
- Each insulating joint consists of an insulating element, respectively 110 and 112, inserted in the row of rails, respectively 102 and 104.
- FIGURE 1 On the FIGURE 1 are also shown a transmitter 114 for emitting a current, denoted I 1 in the channel circuit of the portion 106, and a receiver 116, for receiving a rated current I 2 to receive a current flowing in the channel circuit of the portion 108 .
- a transmitter 114 for emitting a current, denoted I 1 in the channel circuit of the portion 106
- a receiver 116 for receiving a rated current I 2 to receive a current flowing in the channel circuit of the portion 108 .
- Each of currents I 1 and I 2 flows in the rows of rails 102 and 104.
- the transmitter 114 of the portion 106 injects the current I 1 into the rows of rails 102 and 104 by two terminals, respectively 114 1 and 114 2 , respectively connected / connected to the rail queues 102 and 104, and more precisely at the rails ends of the portion 106 on the side of the seals 110 and 112.
- the receiver 116 of the portion 108 draws the current I 2 in the rows of rails 102 and 104 by two terminals, respectively 116 1 and 116 2 , connected / connected respectively to the rail queues 102 and 104, and more precisely at the rail ends of the portion 108 on the side of the seals 110 and 112.
- the transmitter 114 of the portion 106 and the receiver 116 of the portion 108 are connected to the rail ends through an Inductive Transformer Connection (CIT), referenced respectively 118 and 120.
- CIT Inductive Transformer Connection
- the railway track 100 further comprises a control device 122 for controlling the electrical insulation produced by each of the insulating joints 110 and 112. This device will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. FIGURE 6 .
- the term "voltage” refers to the rms value, the peak value, the average value of the actually measured signal.
- ITE high voltage pulse
- the device 122 then performs an analysis of these voltages with respect to predetermined rules for testing the insulating joints 110 and 112, and to determine whether the electrical insulation between the portions 106 and 108 is satisfactory or not.
- the FIGURE 2 is a schematic representation of a second example of a railway according to the invention.
- the railway 200 shown on the FIGURE 2 includes all the elements of the railway of the FIGURE 1 .
- the device 122 is connected to the terminals of the transmitter 114 of the portion 106 before the CIT 118 and the terminals of the receiver 116 of the portion 108 before the CIT 120.
- the device 122 therefore measures a voltage V 1 across the terminals directly from the emitter 114 before the CIT 118 and a voltage V 2 across the receiver 116 before the CIT 120.
- Each of the voltages V 1 and V 2 is measured at the respective frequencies of the channel circuits of the portions 106 and 108 or, for the high voltage pulse (ITE) path circuits, the peak voltage is measured with an integrator, for each the polarities of direct and inverse waves.
- ITE high voltage pulse
- the device 122 then performs an analysis of the different voltages V 1 and V 2 with respect to predetermined rules for testing the insulating joints 110 and 112, and to determine whether the electrical insulation between the portions 106 and 108 is satisfactory or not.
- the FIGURE 3 is a schematic representation of a third example of a railway according to the invention.
- the railway track 300 shown on the FIGURE 3 includes all the elements of the railway of the FIGURE 1 .
- each of the insulating joints 110 and 112 is a double seal.
- Each insulating joint 110 and 112 comprises two insulating elements, respectively 110 1 and 110 2 on the one hand and 112 1 and 112 2 on the other hand, separated by a piece of rail, said jumper, referenced respectively 110 3 for the seal 110 and 112 3 for the seal 112.
- the measuring device 122 is further connected to the jumpers 110 3 and 112 3 in the example shown in FIG. FIGURE 3 respectively by terminals 302 and 304.
- V 7 V 10 ⁇ 0 okay
- V 8 V 9 ⁇ 0 okay
- V 7 V 9 ⁇ 0 okay
- V 8 V 10 ⁇ 0 okay
- the FIGURE 4 is a schematic representation of a fourth example of a railway according to the invention.
- the railway line 400 shown on the FIGURE 3 includes all the elements of the railway of the FIGURE 3 .
- the terminals 302 and 304 of the control device 122 are used to inject a signal of frequency F0 into the jumpers 110 3 and 112 3 .
- the device 122 is active.
- the frequency F0 is chosen so as not to disturb the channel circuits of the portions 106 and 108, for example a value much greater than max (F1, F2).
- the frequency F0 is equal to 8500Hz or 9500Hz or a frequency between these two values.
- a short-circuit element 402 tuned (series resonance at F0 without hindering the support channel circuit) at the frequency F0 can be arranged between the terminals of the circuit.
- emitter 114 of the section 106, and a short-circuit element 404 tuned to the frequency F 0 can be arranged likewise between the terminals of the receiver 116 of the section 108.
- Each of the short-circuit elements 402 and 404 is obtained by an LC circuit comprising at least one inductive element L and at least one capacitive element C.
- the short-circuit element 402, respectively 404, is arranged between the transmitter 114, respectively the receiver 116, and the CIT 118, respectively the CIT 120.
- the measured voltages are those described with reference to the FIGURE 3 namely voltages V 1 -V 10 .
- the voltages V 1 -V 6 are measured under the same conditions as those indicated above.
- the voltages V 7 -V 10 are measured at the frequency F0.
- the voltages V 3 -V 6 can also be measured at the frequency F0.
- V 7 V 10 ⁇ 0
- V 8 V 9 ⁇ 0
- V 7 V 9 ⁇ 0
- V 8 V 10 ⁇ 0
- the resistors 510 and 512 are null or negligible at least with respect to the resistances of the insulating profiles used. in insulating joints.
- the FIGURE 6 is a schematic representation of an example of a control device according to the invention.
- the control device 600 of the FIGURE 6 may be the control device 122 of any of the embodiments shown in the FIGURES 1-5 previously described.
- the control device 600 comprises a plurality of voltage measuring means 602 i connected to the different input terminals of the control device 600.
- Each voltage measuring means 602 i may be a voltmeter capable of measuring either a peak voltage with a given polarity, or an effective value, at each of the frequencies F0 of the injected signal, F1 cdv of the signal of the channel circuit 106 and F2. cdv of the channel circuit signal 108.
- Each voltage measuring means 602 i may be arranged to measure a voltage between two input terminals of the control device 600 and at a given frequency.
- the device 600 further comprises a signaling means, for example a screen 606, for signaling the result of the analysis to an operator.
- a signaling means for example a screen 606, for signaling the result of the analysis to an operator.
- the display screen may display a green light and when the data provided by the analysis module 604 is "electrical insulation fault or faulty device” then the display screen 606 may display a red light, possibly in combination with an identification data and / or a location data of the insulating device, the insulating joints or the device itself.
- the device 600 When the control device 600 is an active device, which is the preferred version of the control device according to the invention in the case of double insulating joints, that is to say a device that injects a signal of known frequency into the railway, and more particularly in the riders as in the embodiment of the FIGURE 4 , then the device 600 comprises a signal generator 608 for generating the signal to be injected and injecting it into output terminals connected to the jumpers, for example the terminals 302 and 304 of the FIGURE 4 .
- control device may comprise a single voltage measuring means each measuring the voltages successively or in turn.
- the FIGURE 7 is a schematic representation of a second example of a control device according to the invention.
- the device 700 of the FIGURE 7 comprises a first set 702 disposed near the track, and comprising the measuring means 602 and optionally a signal generator 608.
- the first set 702 further comprises a preprocessing and communication communication module 704 through a 706 wired or non-wired communication network.
- This communication module 704 is arranged to communicate with a second set 708 of said device 700, arranged at a remote site of the railway.
- the analysis module 604 and the display screen 606 are arranged in this second set.
- This second set may be common to several first sets each arranged near an insulating device.
- control device is advantageously supplied by a current I T , supplied by the railroad when the lines are equipped for electric traction AC, in particular by the current generated by the mutual inductance linking the lines of rails and the catenary of the railway.
- the FIGURE 8 is a schematic representation of an example of a control method according to the invention.
- the method 800 represented on the FIGURE 8 comprises an optional step 802 for injecting a signal of known frequency into the channel, and more particularly in the double insulating joint jumpers as described above.
- voltages are measured by measuring means. These voltages comprise at least the voltage V 1 and the voltage V 2 as described above without being limited to the embodiments described. These measurements may also include any combination of the voltages V 3 to V 10 .
- the measured voltages are tested / analyzed according to at least one predefined rule.
- the result of the analysis is displayed during a step 808, possibly in combination with an identification data item and / or a location data item of the insulating device, for example on a monitoring screen.
- Step 808 may also include triggering an audible or visual warning signal or sending a message to an operator when the result of the analysis performed in step 806 shows that the isolation device not provide satisfactory electrical insulation.
- the control method may be either permanently controlled or initiated at the request of an operator, for example remotely, or at a predetermined frequency.
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Description
L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de contrôle de l'isolation électrique entre deux portions de voies ferrées réalisée par un dispositif isolant comprenant un joint isolant pour chaque file de rail de la voie ferrée. Elle concerne également une voie ferrée équipée d'un tel dispositif.The invention relates to a method and a device for controlling the electrical insulation between two portions of railway tracks made by an insulating device comprising an insulating joint for each rail line of the railway. It also relates to a railway equipped with such a device.
Le domaine de l'invention est le domaine ferroviaire et plus particulièrement le domaine des voies ferrées isolées transportant un ou plusieurs signaux électriques sur le ou les rail(s) composant la voie ferrée, et encore plus particulièrement le domaine de voies ferrées comprenant des circuits de voie.The field of the invention is the railway field and more particularly the field of isolated railways carrying one or more electrical signals on the rail (s) making up the railway track, and even more particularly the field of railway tracks comprising circuits of way.
Actuellement, de nombreuses voies ferrées sont divisées en portions, ou sections de voies isolées, sur le plan des signaux électriques circulant dans la voie ferrée. Chaque portion comporte au moins un circuit électrique, dit circuit de voie, mettant en oeuvre un signal électrique d'une fréquence, ou de fréquence de récurrence, donnée circulant dans la voie ferrée, c'est-à-dire dans les files de rail composant la voie ferrée. Ce signal électrique est utilisé notamment pour détecter la présence ou non d'un train dans la portion de voie, et éventuellement déclencher une action en fonction de cette détection. Classiquement chaque portion d'une voie ferrée est séparée de la portion adjacente par un dispositif isolant comprenant un joint isolant pour chaque file de rail de la voie ferrée.Currently, many railway tracks are divided into portions, or sections of lanes isolated, in terms of electrical signals flowing in the railway. Each portion comprises at least one electrical circuit, said track circuit, implementing an electrical signal of a given frequency or recurrence frequency flowing in the railway, that is to say in the rail queues component of the railway. This electrical signal is used in particular to detect the presence or absence of a train in the channel portion, and possibly trigger an action based on this detection. Conventionally each portion of a railway is separated from the adjacent portion by an insulating device comprising an insulating seal for each rail line of the railway.
Pour qu'un signal mesuré au niveau d'une portion de voie isolée puisse être exploitable, il est nécessaire que la portion de voie ferrée soit d'une part bien isolée des portions adjacentes, et d'autre part isolée de manière similaire, voire identique, pour les deux files de rail, i.e. qu'elle présente une même valeur d'isolation électrique pour chacun des joints isolants disposés sur les deux files de rails au niveau d'un même extrémité de la portion. Dans le cas contraire, le signal mesuré au niveau du circuit de voie de la portion est faussé par les signaux provenant des circuits de voies des portions adjacentes et ne peut être utilisé valablement pour signaler la présence ou non d'un véhicule et encore moins pour déclencher des actions.In order for a signal measured at an isolated section of track to be exploitable, it is necessary that the portion of railroad track be on the one hand well insulated from the adjacent portions, and on the other hand insulated in a similar manner, or even identical, for the two rail queues, ie it has the same electrical insulation value for each of the insulating joints disposed on the two rows of rails at the same end of the portion. In the opposite case, the signal measured at the channel circuit of the portion is distorted by signals from channel circuits of adjacent portions and can not be validly used to signal the presence or absence of a vehicle and even less to trigger actions.
Actuellement, la vérification des dispositifs d'isolation assurant l'isolation électrique des portions de voie ferrée est réalisée par inspection visuelle. Une telle vérification a plusieurs inconvénients dont ceux qui suivent. Premièrement, elle nécessite la mise en place d'un plan de vérification comportant des vérifications même si le dispositif fonctionne parfaitement, ce qui est onéreux et très consommateur en temps compte tenu du nombre de dispositifs à inspecter. Deuxièmement, une inspection visuelle d'un dispositif d'isolation nécessite la fermeture de la voie ferrée à la circulation des véhicules au moins pendant le temps de l'inspection, avec tous les inconvénients causés par une telle fermeture. Enfin, une inspection visuelle nécessite l'intervention d'un opérateur sur la voie, c'est-à-dire dans une zone dangereuse, ce qui constitue des risques importants pour l'opérateur. De plus, une inspection visuelle ne permet pas d'évaluer d'une part le niveau réel d'isolement des joints isolants et d'autre part l'équilibre de l'isolation électrique sur les deux files de rail. De plus, ces contrôles sont statiques et ne permettent pas de détecter des défauts fugitifs ayant lieu au passage d'une circulation ferroviaire ou à l'approche de celle-ci, par exemple sous l'effet du courant de retour traction.Currently, the verification of insulation devices ensuring the electrical insulation of railway sections is carried out by visual inspection. Such verification has several disadvantages, including the following. First, it requires the implementation of a verification plan with checks even if the device works perfectly, which is expensive and very time consuming given the number of devices to inspect. Secondly, a visual inspection of an isolation device requires the closure of the track to vehicle traffic at least during the inspection time, with all the inconveniences caused by such closure. Finally, a visual inspection requires the intervention of an operator on the track, that is to say in a danger zone, which constitutes significant risks for the operator. In addition, a visual inspection does not make it possible to evaluate, on the one hand, the actual insulation level of the insulating joints and, on the other hand, the balance of the electrical insulation on the two rails. In addition, these controls are static and do not detect fugitive faults occurring at the passage of a rail traffic or approaching it, for example under the effect of the pull back current.
Le document
L'invention a pour but de pallier les inconvénients précités.The invention aims to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks.
Un but de l'invention est de proposer un procédé et un dispositif de vérification de l'isolation électrique entre deux portions adjacentes d'une voie ferrée moins onéreux.An object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for verifying the electrical insulation between two adjacent portions of a less expensive railroad.
Un autre but de l'invention est de proposer un procédé et un dispositif de vérification de l'isolation électrique entre deux portions adjacentes d'une voie ferrée, de manière dynamique.Another object of the invention is to provide a method and a device for verifying the electrical insulation between two adjacent portions of a railway, dynamically.
Un autre but de l'invention est de proposer un procédé et un dispositif de vérification de l'isolation électrique entre deux portions adjacentes d'une voie ferrée plus rapide, et permettant notamment un signalement avant l'atteinte d'une valeur d'isolement entachant la disponibilité d'un des deux circuits de voie contigus.Another object of the invention is to propose a method and a device for verifying the electrical insulation between two adjacent portions of a faster railroad track, and in particular allowing a signaling before reaching an insulation value. tainting the availability of one of the two contiguous track circuits.
Enfin, il est un but de l'invention de proposer un procédé et un dispositif de vérification de l'isolation électrique entre deux portions adjacentes d'une voie ferrée présentant moins de risque pour les opérateurs.Finally, it is an object of the invention to provide a method and a device for verifying the electrical insulation between two adjacent portions of a railway line presenting less risk for the operators.
L'invention permet d'atteindre les buts précités par un dispositif de contrôle de l'isolation électrique entre deux portions adjacentes d'une voie ferrée comprenant deux files de rail, ladite isolation électrique étant réalisée par un dispositif isolant comprenant, pour chaque file de rail, un joint isolant inséré dans ladite file de rail, ledit dispositif isolant étant entouré :
- d'un côté par un dispositif de réception, dit récepteur, d'un signal électrique véhiculé, notamment en mode différentiel, par un circuit de voie d'une desdites portions adjacentes, et
- de l'autre par un dispositif d'émission, dit émetteur, d'un signal électrique véhiculé, notamment en mode différentiel, par un circuit de voie de l'autre desdites portions adjacentes ;
- des moyens de mesure agencés pour mesurer une première tension électrique entre les bornes dudit émetteur, et en particulier entre les bornes de raccordement dudit émetteur à la voie, et une deuxième tension électrique entre les bornes dudit récepteur, et en particulier entre les bornes de raccordement dudit récepteur à la voie,
- au moins un moyen de test agencé pour tester lesdites tensions mesurées.
- on one side by a reception device, said receiver, of an electric signal conveyed, notably in differential mode, by a track circuit of one of said adjacent portions, and
- on the other hand, by a transmission device, said transmitter, an electrical signal conveyed, especially in differential mode, by a track circuit of the other of said adjacent portions;
- measuring means arranged to measure a first electrical voltage between the terminals of said transmitter, and in particular between the terminals for connecting said transmitter to the channel, and a second electrical voltage between the terminals of said receiver, and in particular between the connection terminals. from said receiver to the track,
- at least one test means arranged to test said measured voltages.
Un tel dispositif de vérification permet de vérifier l'isolation électrique entre deux portions adjacentes d'une voie ferrée, et par conséquent de détecter un défaut d'isolation électrique entre lesdites portions, par mesure de tensions électriques au niveau des raccordements des circuits de voie de chacune des portions de voies ferrées adjacentes et au niveau des intercalaires, le cas échéant.Such a verification device makes it possible to verify the electrical insulation between two adjacent portions of a railway track, and consequently to detect a lack of electrical insulation between said portions, by measurement of electrical voltages at the level of the connections of the track circuits. of each of the adjacent sections of railway and at the level of the inserts, if any.
Par conséquent, le dispositif selon l'invention présente l'avantage de réaliser une telle inspection, de manière dynamique et automatique à distance de la voie ferrée, c'est-à-dire hors de la zone dangereuse d'une voie ferrée, voire depuis un site de surveillance/gestion, distant de la voie ferrée. Ainsi, le dispositif selon l'invention permet de réaliser une vérification de l'isolation électrique entre deux portions adjacentes d'une voie ferrée moins risquée pour un opérateur.Therefore, the device according to the invention has the advantage of performing such an inspection, dynamically and automatically remote from the railway, that is to say out of the danger zone of a track railway, or even from a monitoring / management site, distant from the railway. Thus, the device according to the invention makes it possible to perform a verification of the electrical insulation between two adjacent portions of a railway less risky for an operator.
Le fait d'éviter une inspection visuelle permet d'éviter de déplacer un opérateur au niveau de chaque dispositif isolant d'une voie ferrée, et donc de diminuer le nombre d'interventions d'un opérateur, la durée de fermeture à la circulation de la voie ferrée. Par conséquent, le dispositif selon l'invention permet de réaliser une vérification plus rapide et moins coûteuse.Avoiding a visual inspection makes it possible to avoid moving an operator at each insulating device of a railway, and therefore to reduce the number of interventions by an operator, the duration of closure to the traffic of the railway. Consequently, the device according to the invention makes it possible to perform a faster and less expensive verification.
Un circuit de voie, qui est une notion bien connue de l'homme du métier, est obtenu par l'application d'une tension à chacune des deux files de rail d'une portion de voie ferrée, par un émetteur. La tension entre les files de rail est surveillée par un récepteur.A track circuit, which is a concept well known to those skilled in the art, is obtained by applying a voltage to each of the two rails of a railway portion, by a transmitter. The voltage between the rail queues is monitored by a receiver.
Selon l'invention, le moyen de test peut être agencé pour calculer une fonction de corrélation entre lesdites tensions mesurées. En effet, si le dispositif isolant est défectueux alors les signaux présents dans le circuit de voie d'une portion se trouveront au moins en partie dans le circuit de voie de la portion adjacente, ce qui aura pour conséquence une fonction de corrélation non nulle entre les signaux mesurés.According to the invention, the test means can be arranged to calculate a correlation function between said measured voltages. Indeed, if the insulating device is defective then the signals present in the channel circuit of a portion will be at least partly in the channel circuit of the adjacent portion, which will result in a non-zero correlation function between the measured signals.
Chaque tension mesurée par les moyens de mesure peut avantageusement être mesurée à la fréquence du circuit de voie correspondant.Each voltage measured by the measuring means can advantageously be measured at the frequency of the corresponding channel circuit.
Les moyens de mesure peuvent comprendre un ou des voltmètres, chacun placé en parallèle, et tous mesurant des tensions par rapport à une même référence. Dans ce cas, la mesure des tensions est effectuée directement.The measuring means may comprise one or more voltmeters, each placed in parallel, and all measuring voltages with respect to the same reference. In this case, the measurement of the voltages is carried out directly.
Alternativement, ou en plus, les moyens de mesure peuvent comprendre des moyens de mesure de courants, placés en série. Dans ce cas, la mesure de tensions est faite indirectement et nécessite des mesures de résistance.Alternatively, or in addition, the measuring means may comprise current measuring means placed in series. In this case, the measurement of voltages is made indirectly and requires resistance measurements.
Selon la nature des signaux de circuits de voie, le terme« tension » désigne la valeur efficace, la valeur crête, la valeur moyenne du signal effectivement mesuré.Depending on the nature of the channel circuit signals, the term "voltage" refers to the rms value, the peak value, the average value of the actually measured signal.
Le dispositif selon l'invention peut en outre comprendre un appareil de signalisation d'une information relative audit test.The device according to the invention may further comprise an apparatus for signaling information relating to said test.
Un tel appareil de signalisation peut être disposé sur un site de la voie ferrée, par exemple au niveau d'un centre d'appareillage ou d'un site de surveillance/gestion de la voie ferrée.Such a signaling apparatus may be located on a railway site, for example at an equipment center or at a railway monitoring / management site.
Un tel appareil de signalisation peut comprendre un écran d'affichage qui peut être agencé pour afficher le résultat du test et/ou une information relative au résultat du test, telle que par exemple l'état du dispositif isolant : défectueux ou non, pour chaque dispositif isolant ou pour chaque joint isolant. Un tel affichage peut être réalisé en association avec une donnée d'identification, et/ou une donnée de localisation, du dispositif/joint isolant.Such a signaling apparatus may comprise a display screen which can be arranged to display the result of the test and / or information relating to the result of the test, such as for example the state of the insulating device: defective or not, for each insulating device or for each insulating joint. Such a display can be realized in association with an identification data item, and / or a location data item, of the device / insulating seal.
Un tel appareil de signalisation peut en outre ou alternativement comprendre des moyens de signalisation lumineux ou sonores.Such a signaling apparatus may furthermore alternatively comprise light or sound signaling means.
Un tel appareil de signalisation peut être agencé pour réaliser une signalisation uniquement dans le cas où l'isolement n'est pas satisfaisant, en fonction d'au moins une règle de test prédéfinie.Such a signaling apparatus can be arranged to carry out signaling only in the case where the isolation is not satisfactory, according to at least one predefined test rule.
La vérification peut être réalisée sur demande ou à une fréquence prédéterminée ou en continu pour réaliser une surveillance permanente. Par conséquent, les moyens de mesure peuvent fonctionner à chaque réception d'une demande de vérification ou à ladite fréquence prédéterminée.The verification can be done on request or at a predetermined frequency or continuously to carry out permanent monitoring. Therefore, the measuring means can operate at each reception of a verification request or at said predetermined frequency.
La demande de vérification peut avantageusement être reçue depuis un site distant au travers d'un réseau de communication filaire ou non.The verification request can advantageously be received from a remote site through a wired or non-wired communication network.
Le dispositif selon l'invention peut en outre comprendre des moyens pour recevoir des données depuis un site distant et envoyer audit site distant des données relatives aux mesures réalisées par les moyens de mesure ou au résultat fourni par l'au moins un moyen de test, au travers d'un réseau de communication filaire ou non.The device according to the invention may further comprise means for receiving data from a remote site and sending to said remote site data relating to the measurements made by the measuring means or to the result provided by the at least one test means, through a wired or non-wired communication network.
Plus particulièrement, le dispositif contrôle peut envoyer au centre distant un signal de vie si les mesures sont correctes et une alarme dans le cas contraire.More particularly, the control device can send to the remote center a life signal if the measurements are correct and an alarm in the opposite case.
En particulier, le dispositif contrôle peut émettre un signal d'une tension de valeur différente en fonction de l'information à transmettre. Par exemple, le signal émis par le dispositif de contrôle peut être un signal de tension de valeurs prédéterminées, telles que :
- VA : valeur d'alerte, signalant une alerte,
- VI : valeur d'intervention signalant une demande d'intervention, et
- VD : valeur de défaillance signalant une défaillance de l'isolation électrique.
- VA: alert value, signaling an alert,
- VI: intervention value signaling a request for intervention, and
- VD: failure value signaling a failure of the electrical insulation.
Les moyens de mesure peuvent en outre être agencés pour mesurer au moins une des tensions suivantes :
- une troisième tension aux bornes de l'un des joints isolants du dispositif isolant,
- une quatrième tension aux bornes de l'autre des joints isolants du dispositif isolant,
- une cinquième tension entre une première borne de raccordement de l'émetteur connectée à une des files de rail et une deuxième borne de raccordement du récepteur connectée à l'autre des files de rail, et
- une sixième tension entre une deuxième borne de raccordement l'émetteur connectée à l'autre des files de rail et une première borne de raccordement du récepteur connectée à l'une des files de rail ;
- a third voltage across one of the insulating joints of the insulating device,
- a fourth voltage across the other insulating joints of the insulating device,
- a fifth voltage between a first connection terminal of the transmitter connected to one of the rail queues and a second connection terminal of the receiver connected to the other of the rail queues, and
- a sixth voltage between a second terminal connecting the transmitter connected to the other of the rail queues and a first connection terminal of the receiver connected to one of the rail queues;
Par conséquent, la troisième tension peut être mesurée entre une première borne de l'émetteur et une première borne du récepteur connectées à une première file de rail, et la quatrième tension peut être mesurée entre une deuxième borne de l'émetteur et une deuxième borne du récepteur connectées à une première file de rail.Therefore, the third voltage can be measured between a first terminal of the transmitter and a first terminal of the receiver connected to a first rail line, and the fourth voltage can be measured between a second terminal of the transmitter and a second terminal. receiver connected to a first rail queue.
De plus, la cinquième tension peut alternativement être mesurée entre d'une part un about de rail sur l'une des deux files de rail d'une des portions adjacentes et d'autre part un about de rail sur l'autre des deux files de rail de l'autre des portions adjacentes. De plus, la sixième tension peut alternativement être mesurée entre d'une part un about de rail sur l'autre des deux files de rail de l'une des portions adjacentes et un about de rail sur l'une des deux files de rail de l'autre des portions adjacentes. Les cinquième et sixième tensions correspondant à des tensions croisées entre les files de rail font partie des portions adjacentes.In addition, the fifth voltage may alternatively be measured between on the one hand a rail end on one of the two rails of one of the adjacent portions and on the other hand a rail end on the other of the two lines of rail on the other side adjacent portions. In addition, the sixth voltage may alternatively be measured between on the one hand a rail end on the other of the two rails of one of the adjacent portions and a rail end on one of the two rails of the rail. the other adjacent portions. The fifth and sixth voltages corresponding to cross-tensions between the rail queues are part of the adjacent portions.
Au moins un joint isolant, voire chacun des deux joints isolants, du dispositif isolant peut comprendre deux éléments isolants entre lesquels est disposé un morceau de rail, dit cavalier.At least one insulating joint, or even each of the two insulating joints, of the insulating device may comprise two insulating elements between which is disposed a piece of rail, said jumper.
Le cavalier est, dans une version particulière, placé à un potentiel neutre.The rider is, in a particular version, placed at a neutral potential.
Dans ce cas, les moyens de mesures peuvent en outre être agencés pour mesurer au moins une tension entre ledit cavalier et une borne du récepteur ou de l'émetteur, ledit au moins un moyen de test étant en outre agencé pour prendre en compte au moins l'une desdites tensions.In this case, the measuring means may also be arranged to measure at least one voltage between said jumper and a terminal of the receiver or transmitter, said at least one test means being further arranged to take account of at least one one of said voltages.
Un tel joint est appelé dans la suite de la demande un joint double.Such a seal is called in the following of the application a double seal.
Dans un mode de réalisation particulier, chaque dispositif isolant peut comprendre deux joints isolants, disposés chacun sur une file de rail, et chaque joint isolant comprend deux éléments isolant et un cavalier. Dans ce cas, les moyens de mesure peuvent être agencés pour mesurer :
- une septième et une huitième tensions entre chaque cavalier et une borne du récepteur connectée à la file de rail dans laquelle est inséré ledit cavalier, et
- une neuvième et une dixième tensions entre chaque cavalier et une borne de l'émetteur connectée à la file de rail dans laquelle est inséré ledit cavalier.
- a seventh and an eighth voltage between each jumper and a receiver terminal connected to the rail queue in which said jumper is inserted, and
- a ninth and a tenth voltages between each jumper and a terminal of the transmitter connected to the rail queue in which said jumper is inserted.
Dans ce cas, il est possible de déterminer l'état de fonctionnement de chaque élément isolant du joint, en absolu et en relatif l'un par rapport aux autres. En effet, il se peut qu'un des éléments isolants du joint isolant soit défectueux alors que le joint isolant réalise encore quant au fonctionnement des circuits de voie une isolation électrique satisfaisante.In this case, it is possible to determine the operating state of each insulating element of the joint, in absolute and relative to each other. Indeed, it is possible that one of the insulating elements of the insulating gasket is defective while the insulating seal still performs satisfactory operation on the circuit circuits.
Dans un mode de réalisation particulier, le dispositif selon l'invention peut comprendre un moyen d'injection d'un signal d'une fréquence donnée dans le cavalier de chaque joint du dispositif isolant, au moins une des tensions mesurées étant mesurée à ladite fréquence donnée.In a particular embodiment, the device according to the invention may comprise means for injecting a signal of a given frequency into the jumper of each seal of the insulating device, at least one of the measured voltages being measured at said frequency given.
Dans ce cas, le dispositif selon l'invention est dit « actif » car il ne se contente pas de fonctionner avec les signaux présents dans les circuits de voie et réalise une injection d'un signal de fréquence, F0 par exemple, dans les cavaliers en vue de réaliser la vérification de l'isolation électrique, des différents profils/joints isolants.In this case, the device according to the invention is said to be "active" because it does not merely operate with the signals present in the channel circuits and performs an injection of a frequency signal, F0 for example, in the jumpers. in order to carry out the verification of the electrical insulation, different profiles / insulating joints.
Avantageusement, au moins l'un des éléments du dispositif selon l'invention, voire l'ensemble du dispositif selon l'invention peut être alimenté par un signal électrique, dit d'alimentation, fourni par une alimentation extérieure ou par la voie ferrée elle-même quand la voie est électrifiée en courant alternatif. En effet, même en l'absence de circulation électrique, la mutuelle inductance liant les files de rails et la caténaire de la voie ferrée induisent un courant de quelques dizaines d'Ampère dans les fils de rail, courant qui est suffisant pour alimenter le dispositif selon l'invention, éventuellement après une transformation de courant/tension réalisée par un moyen de transformation de courant/tension.Advantageously, at least one of the elements of the device according to the invention, or even the whole of the device according to the invention can be powered by an electrical signal, said power supply, provided by an external power supply or by the railroad it even when the track is electrified with alternating current. Indeed, even in the absence of electrical circulation, the mutual inductance linking the rail queues and the catenary of the railway induce a current of a few tens of amperes in the rail wires, which current is sufficient to power the device. according to the invention, possibly after a current / voltage transformation carried out by a current / voltage transformation means.
La fréquence du signal fourni par la voie et utilisée pour l'alimentation peut être de 16,6Hz pour l'Allemagne, 50Hz pour la France et 60Hz pour les Etats-Unis, la Corée, le Japon, etc.The frequency of the signal provided by the channel and used for power supply can be 16.6Hz for Germany, 50Hz for France and 60Hz for the United States, Korea, Japan, etc.
Dans une version particulièrement préférée du dispositif de contrôle selon l'invention, quel que soit le mode de réalisation, les moyens de mesure sont agencés/configurés de sorte que les tensions mesurées sont mesurées simultanément ou dans un laps de temps très court.In a particularly preferred version of the control device according to the invention, whatever the embodiment, the measuring means are arranged / configured so that the measured voltages are measured simultaneously or in a very short period of time.
Le laps de temps peut être choisi de sorte à mesurer un signal de tension suffisant pour calculer une valeur efficace, une éventuelle variation du signal, etc.The time can be chosen so as to measure a voltage signal sufficient to calculate an effective value, a possible variation of the signal, etc.
Par exemple le laps de temps peut être inférieur à 1s.For example, the time can be less than 1s.
Selon un autre aspect de l'invention il est proposé une voie ferrée comprenant :
- au moins un dispositif isolant pour isoler deux portions adjacentes de ladite voie ferrée, et
- pour chaque dispositif isolant, un dispositif de contrôle selon l'invention.
- at least one insulating device for isolating two adjacent portions of said track, and
- for each insulating device, a control device according to the invention.
Selon l'invention, au moins un joint isolant d'un dispositif isolant peut être un joint isolant collé ou un joint isolant non-collé.According to the invention, at least one insulating joint of an insulating device may be a bonded insulating seal or a non-bonded insulating seal.
Par ailleurs, au moins un joint isolant peut comprendre :
- un unique élément isolant inséré dans la file de rail entre les deux portions adjacentes de la voie ferrée, ou
- deux éléments isolants insérés dans la file de rail séparés d'une pièce de rail, dit cavalier : dans ce cas, le joint isolant est composé du cavalier isolé disposé entre deux éléments isolants insérés chacun dans la file de rail.
- a single insulating element inserted in the rail line between the two adjacent portions of the railway, or
- two insulating elements inserted in the rail line separated from a piece of rail, said jumper: in this case, the insulating seal is composed of the insulated jumper disposed between two insulating elements each inserted in the rail line.
Un tel joint isolant, également appelé joint double, est par exemple celui décrit dans la demande de brevet français déposée sous le n°
Selon encore un autre aspect de l'invention il est proposé un procédé de contrôle de l'isolation électrique entre deux portions adjacentes d'une voie ferrée comprenant deux files de rail, ladite isolation électrique étant réalisée par un dispositif isolant comprenant, pour chaque file de rail, un joint isolant inséré dans ladite file de rail, ledit dispositif isolant étant entouré :
- d'un côté par un dispositif de réception, dit récepteur, d'un signal électrique véhiculé par un circuit de voie d'une desdites portions adjacentes, et
- de l'autre par un dispositif d'émission, dit émetteur, d'un signal électrique véhiculé par un circuit de voie de l'autre desdites portions adjacentes ;
- mesure d'une première tension électrique aux bornes dudit émetteur,
- mesure d'une deuxième tension électrique aux bornes dudit récepteur,
- détermination de l'isolement électrique par analyse desdites tensions mesurées en fonction d'au moins une règle prédéfinie, et éventuellement d'une donnée, dite de présence, relative à la présence ou non d'un véhicule dans l'une au moins desdites portions adjacentes.
- on one side by a receiving device, said receiver, an electrical signal conveyed by a track circuit of one of said adjacent portions, and
- on the other hand, by a transmitter device, said transmitter, an electrical signal conveyed by a track circuit of the other of said adjacent portions;
- measuring a first electrical voltage across said transmitter,
- measuring a second electrical voltage across said receiver,
- determination of the electrical insulation by analysis of said measured voltages as a function of at least one predefined rule, and possibly of a so-called presence datum, relating to the presence or absence of a vehicle in at least one of said portions adjacent.
L'utilisation d'une donnée de présence relative à la présence ou non d'un véhicule permet par exemple de soit de modifier les traitements et/ou critères de prise de décision, soit de filtrer les alarmes pouvant être générées du fait de la présence d'une circulation et non d'un défaut d'isolement des profils isolants.The use of a presence data relating to the presence or absence of a vehicle makes it possible, for example, to modify the processing and / or decision-making criteria, or to filter the alarms that can be generated due to the presence of a circulation and not of a lack of isolation of the insulating profiles.
Le procédé selon l'invention peut en outre comprendre une étape de signalisation d'une information relative à au moins une mesure effectuée et/ou au résultat de l'analyse des tensions mesurées.The method according to the invention may further comprise a step of signaling information relating to at least one measurement carried out and / or the result of the analysis of the measured voltages.
Selon l'invention, l'étape de détermination et/ou l'étape de signalisation peu(ven)t être réalisée(s) :
- soit localement sur le site où sont réalisées les étapes de mesure, par exemple au sein d'un boitier tel que celui décrit plus haut et comprenant un microcontrôleur et/ou un FPGA assurant le traitement des signaux, leur mémorisation sur une mémoire circulaire et l'émission d'une alarme en cas de détection,
- soit sur un site distant du site où sont réalisées les étapes de mesure.
- either locally on the site where the measurement steps are carried out, for example within a box such as that described above and comprising a microcontroller and / or an FPGA ensuring the signal processing, their storage on a circular memory and the issuing an alarm upon detection,
- either at a site remote from the site where the measurement steps are carried out.
Dans le premier cas, le procédé selon l'invention peut comprendre une émission de données d'analyse ou encore de données représentant une information à afficher, vers le site distant de gestion/surveillance, au travers d'un réseau de communication privé ou un réseau de type Internet, au travers d'une connexion filaire ou non. Une telle émission de données requière une faible bande passante pour l'émission de données.In the first case, the method according to the invention may comprise a transmission of analysis data or data representing information to be displayed, to the remote management / monitoring site, through a private communication network or a network. network type Internet, through a wired connection or not. Such data transmission requires a low bandwidth for data transmission.
Dans le deuxième cas, le procédé selon l'invention peut comprendre une émission de données de mesure à analyser/traiter, vers le site distant de gestion/surveillance, au travers d'un réseau de communication privé ou un réseau de type Internet, au travers d'une connexion filaire ou non. Dans ce cas, la bande passante utilisée est plus grande.In the second case, the method according to the invention may comprise a transmission of measurement data to be analyzed / processed, to the remote management / monitoring site, via a private communication network or an Internet-type network, at the through a wired connection or not. In this case, the bandwidth used is larger.
Le procédé selon l'invention peut en outre comprendre une étape de mesure d'au moins une des tensions suivantes :
- une troisième tension aux bornes de l'un des joints isolants du dispositif isolant,
- une quatrième tension aux bornes de l'autre des joints isolants du dispositif isolant,
- une cinquième tension entre une première borne de l'émetteur connectée à une des files de rail et une deuxième borne du récepteur connectée à l'autre des files de rail, et
- une sixième tension entre une deuxième borne de l'émetteur connectée à l'autre des files de rail et une première borne du récepteur connectée à l'une des files de rail ;
- a third voltage across one of the insulating joints of the insulating device,
- a fourth voltage across the other insulating joints of the insulating device,
- a fifth voltage between a first terminal of the transmitter connected to one of the rail queues and a second terminal of the receiver connected to the other of the rail queues, and
- a sixth voltage between a second terminal of the transmitter connected to the other of the rail queues and a first terminal of the receiver connected to one of the rail queues;
Au moins un joint isolant du dispositif isolant, et en particulier chaque joint isolant du dispositif isolant, peut comporter deux éléments isolants entre lesquels est disposé un morceau de rail, dit cavalier, c'est-à-dire un joint double tel que décrit plus haut.At least one insulating seal of the insulating device, and in particular each insulating joint of the insulating device, may comprise two insulating elements between which is disposed a piece of rail, called a jumper, that is to say a double seal as described more high.
Dans ce cas, le procédé selon l'invention peut en outre comprendre au moins une étape de mesure d'au moins une tension entre ledit cavalier et une borne du récepteur ou de l'émetteur, l'étape de détermination prenant en compte en outre au moins l'une desdites tensions.In this case, the method according to the invention may further comprise at least one step of measuring at least one voltage between said jumper and a terminal of the receiver or transmitter, the determining step taking into account furthermore at least one of said voltages.
Le procédé selon l'invention peut en outre comprendre une étape d'injection d'un signal d'une fréquence donnée dans chaque cavalier de chaque joint isolant, au moins une des tensions mesurées étant mesurée à ladite fréquence donnée.The method according to the invention may further comprise a step of injecting a signal of a given frequency into each jumper of each insulating joint, at least one of the measured voltages being measured at said given frequency.
Dans une version particulièrement préférée du procédé de contrôle selon l'invention, quel que soit le mode de réalisation, les étapes de mesure des différentes tensions sont réalisées simultanément ou dans un laps de temps très court. Autrement dit, quel que soit le mode de réalisation, les tensions mesurées sont mesurées simultanément ou dans le laps de temps très court.In a particularly preferred version of the control method according to the invention, whatever the embodiment, the steps of measuring the different voltages are performed simultaneously or in a very short period of time. In other words, whatever the embodiment, the measured voltages are measured simultaneously or in the very short period of time.
Le laps de temps peut être choisi de sorte à mesurer un signal de tension suffisant pour calculer une valeur efficace, une éventuelle variation du signal, etc.The time can be chosen so as to measure a voltage signal sufficient to calculate an effective value, a possible variation of the signal, etc.
Par exemple le laps de temps peut être inférieur à 1s.For example, the time can be less than 1s.
D'autres avantages et caractéristiques apparaîtront à l'examen de la description détaillée d'exemples nullement limitatifs, et des dessins annexés sur lesquels :
- la
FIGURE 1 est une représentation schématique d'un premier exemple d'une voie ferrée selon l'invention ; - la
FIGURE 2 est une représentation schématique d'un deuxième exemple d'une voie ferrée selon l'invention ; - la
FIGURE 3 est une représentation schématique d'un troisième exemple d'une voie ferrée selon l'invention ; - les
FIGURES 4 et5 sont une représentation schématique d'un quatrième exemple d'une voie ferrée selon l'invention ; - la
FIGURE 6 est une représentation schématique d'un premier exemple d'un dispositif selon l'invention ; - la
FIGURE 7 est une représentation schématique d'un deuxième exemple d'un dispositif selon l'invention ; et - la
FIGURE 8 est une représentation schématique d'un exemple d'un procédé selon l'invention.
- the
FIGURE 1 is a schematic representation of a first example of a railway according to the invention; - the
FIGURE 2 is a schematic representation of a second example of a railway according to the invention; - the
FIGURE 3 is a schematic representation of a third example of a railway according to the invention; - the
FIGURES 4 and5 are a schematic representation of a fourth example of a railway according to the invention; - the
FIGURE 6 is a schematic representation of a first example of a device according to the invention; - the
FIGURE 7 is a schematic representation of a second example of a device according to the invention; and - the
FIGURE 8 is a schematic representation of an example of a method according to the invention.
Il est bien entendu que les modes de réalisation qui seront décrits dans la suite ne sont nullement limitatifs. On pourra notamment imaginer des variantes de l'invention ne comprenant qu'une sélection de caractéristiques décrites par la suite isolées des autres caractéristiques décrites, si cette sélection de caractéristiques est suffisante pour conférer un avantage technique ou pour différencier l'invention par rapport à l'état de la technique antérieur. Cette sélection comprend au moins une caractéristique de préférence fonctionnelle sans détails structurels, ou avec seulement une partie des détails structurels si cette partie uniquement est suffisante pour conférer un avantage technique ou pour différencier l'invention par rapport à l'état de la technique antérieur.It is understood that the embodiments which will be described in the following are in no way limiting. It will be possible to imagine variants of the invention comprising only a selection of characteristics described subsequently isolated from other characteristics described, if this selection of features is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from the state of the prior art. This selection comprises at least one feature preferably functional without structural details, or with only a part of the structural details if this part alone is sufficient to confer a technical advantage or to differentiate the invention from the state of the prior art.
En particulier toutes les variantes et tous les modes de réalisation décrits sont combinables entre eux si rien ne s'oppose à cette combinaison sur le plan technique.In particular, all the variants and all the embodiments described are combinable with each other if nothing stands in the way of this combination at the technical level.
Sur les figures, les éléments communs à plusieurs figures conservent la même référence.In the figures, the elements common to several figures retain the same reference.
La
La voie ferrée 100 représentée sur la
Les portions adjacentes 106 et 108 de la voie ferrée 100 sont séparées l'une de l'autre par un dispositif d'isolation comprenant un premier joint 110 inséré dans la file de rail 102 et un deuxième joint 112 inséré dans la file de rail 104. Chaque joint isolant est constitué d'un élément isolant, respectivement 110 et 112, inséré dans la file de rails, respectivement 102 et 104.The
Sur la
Chacun des courants I1 et I2 circule dans les files de rails 102 et 104.Each of currents I 1 and I 2 flows in the rows of
L'émetteur 114 de la portion 106 injecte le courant I1 dans les files de rails 102 et 104 par deux bornes, respectivement 1141 et 1142, connectées/reliées respectivement aux files de rail 102 et 104, et plus précisément au niveau des abouts de rails de la portion 106 du côté des joints 110 et 112.The
Le récepteur 116 de la portion 108 prélève le courant I2 dans les files de rails 102 et 104 par deux bornes, respectivement 1161 et 1162, connectées/reliées respectivement aux files de rail 102 et 104, et plus précisément au niveau des abouts de rails de la portion 108 du côté des joints 110 et 112.The
Sur la
La voie ferrée 100 comprend en outre un dispositif de contrôle 122 pour contrôler l'isolation électrique réalisée par chacun des joints isolants 110 et 112. Ce dispositif sera décrit plus en détail en référence à la
Tel que représenté sur la
- une première tension, notée V1, entre les files de
rail 102et 104, dansla portion 106 au niveau des abouts de rail du côté des joints isolants 110 et 112 : cette tension V1 est déterminée en prenant en compte la différence de potentiel entre les bornes 1141et 1142 de l'émetteur 114 de laportion 106 ; - une deuxième tension, notée V2, entre les files de
rail 102et 104, dansla portion 108 au niveau des abouts de rail du côté des joints isolants 110 et 112 : cette tension V2 est déterminée en prenant en compte la différence de potentiel entre les bornes 1161et 1162 du récepteur 116 de laportion 108 ; - une troisième tension, notée V3, dans la
file de rail 102 de chaque côté dujoint isolant 110, c'est-à-dire la tension aux bornes du joint isolant 110 : cette tension V3 est déterminée en prenant en compte la différence de potentiel entre la borne 1141 de l'émetteur 114 de laportion 106 et la borne 1161 du récepteur 116 de laportion 108 ; - une quatrième tension, notée V4, dans la
file de rail 104 de chaque côté dujoint isolant 112, c'est-à-dire la tension aux bornes du joint isolant 112 : cette tension V4 est déterminée en prenant en compte la différence de potentiel entre la borne 1142 de l'émetteur 114 de laportion 106 et la borne 1162 du récepteur 116 de laportion 108 ; - une cinquième tension, notée V5, entre l'about de rail de la
file de rail 104 de laportion 106 et l'about de rail de lafile de rail 102 de la portion 108 : cette tension V5 est déterminée en prenant en compte la différence de potentiel entre la borne 1142 de l'émetteur 114 de laportion 106 et la borne 1161 du récepteur 116 de laportion 108 ; et - une sixième tension, notée V6, entre l'about de rail de la
file de rail 102 de laportion 106 et l'about de rail de lafile de rail 104 de la portion 108 : cette tension V6 est déterminée en prenant en compte la différence de potentiel entre la borne 1141 de l'émetteur 114 de laportion 106 et la borne 1162 du récepteur 116 de laportion 108.
- a first voltage, denoted V 1 , between the
102 and 104, in therail queues portion 106 at the end of the rail on the side of the insulatingjoints 110 and 112: this voltage V 1 is determined by taking into account the potential difference between the 114 1 and 114 2 of theterminals transmitter 114 of theportion 106; - a second voltage, denoted V 2 , between the
102 and 104, in therail queues portion 108 at the end of the rail side of the insulatingjoints 110 and 112: this voltage V 2 is determined by taking into account the potential difference between the 116 1 and 116 2 of theterminals receiver 116 of theportion 108; - a third voltage, noted V 3 , in the
rail line 102 on each side of the insulating joint 110, that is to say the voltage across the insulating joint 110: this voltage V 3 is determined taking into account the difference potential between the terminal 114 1 of thetransmitter 114 of theportion 106 and theterminal 116 1 of thereceiver 116 of theportion 108; - a fourth voltage, denoted V 4 , in the
rail line 104 on each side of the insulating joint 112, that is to say the voltage across the insulating joint 112: this voltage V 4 is determined taking into account the difference potential between the terminal 114 2 of thetransmitter 114 of theportion 106 and theterminal 116 2 of thereceiver 116 of theportion 108; - a fifth voltage, denoted V 5 , between the rail end of the
rail line 104 of theportion 106 and the rail end of therail line 102 of the portion 108: this voltage V 5 is determined by taking into account account the potential difference between the terminal 114 2 of thetransmitter 114 of theportion 106 and theterminal 116 1 of thereceiver 116 of theportion 108; and - a sixth voltage, denoted V 6 , between the rail end of the
rail line 102 of theportion 106 and the rail end of therail line 104 of the portion 108: this voltage V 6 is determined by taking into account the potential difference between the terminal 114 1 of thetransmitter 114 of theportion 106 and theterminal 116 2 of thereceiver 116 of theportion 108.
Selon la nature des signaux de circuits de voie, le terme« tension » désigne la valeur efficace, la valeur crête, la valeur moyenne du signal effectivement mesuré.Depending on the nature of the channel circuit signals, the term "voltage" refers to the rms value, the peak value, the average value of the actually measured signal.
Lorsque les signaux mesurés sont sinusoïdaux :
- chacune des tensions V1 et V2 est mesurée à la fréquence du circuit de voie concerné, à savoir F1 pour le circuit de voie 106 et F2 pour le circuit de voie 108, et
- chacune des tensions V3- V6 est mesurée à la fréquence de soit de l'une des deux circuits de voie, soit la fréquence de chacune des circuits de voie, c'est-à-dire à la fréquence F1 et à la fréquence F2.
- each of the voltages V 1 and V 2 is measured at the frequency of the relevant channel circuit, namely F1 for the
channel circuit 106 and F2 for thechannel circuit 108, and - each of the voltages V 3 - V 6 is measured at the frequency of either one of the two channel circuits, or the frequency of each of the channel circuits, that is to say the frequency F1 and the frequency F2.
Pour les circuits de voie à impulsions de tension élevée (ITE), c'est la tension crête qui est mesurée avec un intégrateur pour chacune des tensions Vi, à savoir la tension maximale pour chaque polarité et ce pour chaque section.For high voltage pulse (ITE) path circuits, it is the peak voltage that is measured with an integrator for each of the voltages V i , namely the maximum voltage for each polarity and for each section.
Le dispositif 122 réalise ensuite une analyse de ces tensions par rapport à des règles prédéterminées pour tester les joints isolants 110 et 112, et déterminer si l'isolation électrique entre les portions 106 et 108 est satisfaisante ou non.The
Il s'avère que les indicateurs suivant sont classiquement obtenus de fait de l'existence d'un pont d'inductance (CIT) assurant l'écoulement du courant de traction en mode commun, en l'absence de défaut des joints isolants 110 et 112 :
- Cas A : pour les circuits de voie à impulsions de tension, en considérant les tensions maximales relatives aux ondes directes, et en absence de circulation sur les deux circuits de voie, c'est-à-dire sur les deux portions de voie 106 et 108 :
- Cas B : pour les circuits de voie à signaux sinusoïdaux pour les deux portions de voies adjacentes 106 et 108 :
- o Cas B1 : lorsque les tensions mesurées sont des valeurs efficaces mesurées à la fréquence F1 du circuit de voie de la
portion 106 et en absence de circulation sur la portion de voie 106 : - o Cas B2 : lorsque les tensions mesurées sont des valeurs efficaces à la fréquence F2 du circuit de voie de la
portion 108 et en absence de circulation sur la portion de voie 108 :
- o Cas B1 : lorsque les tensions mesurées sont des valeurs efficaces mesurées à la fréquence F1 du circuit de voie de la
- Case A: for the voltage pulse channel circuits, considering the maximum voltages relative to the direct waves, and in the absence of traffic on the two track circuits, that is to say on the two
track portions 106 and 108: - Case B: for sinusoidal signal channel circuits for the two
adjacent channel portions 106 and 108:- o Case B1: when the measured voltages are rms values measured at the frequency F1 of the channel circuit of the
portion 106 and in the absence of traffic on the portion of the channel 106: - o Case B2: when the measured voltages are effective values at the frequency F2 of the channel circuit of the
portion 108 and in the absence of circulation on the portion of the channel 108:
- o Case B1: when the measured voltages are rms values measured at the frequency F1 of the channel circuit of the
Lorsque le circuit de voie de la portion 106 est occupé, c'est-à-dire lorsqu'un véhicule est présent dans la portion 106, les indicateurs deviennent :
- pour le cas A :
- pour le cas B1 :
- for case A:
- for case B1:
Lorsque le circuit de voie de la portion 108 est occupé, c'est-à-dire lorsqu'un véhicule est présent dans la portion 108 les indicateurs deviennent :
- pour le cas A :
- pour le cas B2:
- for case A:
- for case B2:
La
La voie ferrée 200 représentée sur le
A la différence de la
Chacune des tensions V1 et V2 est mesurée aux fréquences respectives des circuits de voie des portions 106 et 108 ou, pour les circuits de voie à impulsions de tension élevée (ITE), la tension crête est mesurée avec un intégrateur, pour chacune les polarités des ondes directes et inverses.Each of the voltages V 1 and V 2 is measured at the respective frequencies of the channel circuits of the
Le dispositif 122 réalise ensuite une analyse des différentes tensions V1 et V2 par rapport à des règles prédéterminées pour tester les joints isolants 110 et 112, et déterminer si l'isolation électrique entre les portions 106 et 108 est satisfaisante ou non.The
Il s'avère que les indicateurs suivants sont classiquement obtenus en absence de défaut joints isolants 110 et 112 :
- en l'absence de circulation sur les circuits de voie des
portions 106et 108 - lorsque le circuit de voie de la
portion 106 est occupé, c'est-à-dire lorsqu'un véhicule est présent dans la portion 106 : - lorsque le circuit de voie de la
portion 108 est occupé, c'est-à-dire lorsqu'un véhicule est présent dans la portion 108 :
- in the absence of traffic on the track circuits of
106 and 108portions - when the channel circuit of
portion 106 is occupied, i.e., when a vehicle is present in portion 106: - when the channel circuit of the
portion 108 is occupied, i.e. when a vehicle is present in the portion 108:
La
La voie ferrée 300 représentée sur le
A la différence de la
En plus des liaisons représentées en
En plus des tensions V1-V6, dans l'exemple représenté sur la FIGURE quatre nouvelles tensions sont mesurées à savoir :
- une septième tension, notée V7, entre le cavalier 1103 et l'about de rail de la
file de rail 102 de laportion 106, c'est-à-dire entre le cavalier 1103 et la borne 1141 de l'émetteur 114 de laportion 106 ; - une septième tension, notée V8, entre le cavalier 1103 et l'about de rail de la
file de rail 104 de laportion 108, c'est-à-dire entre le cavalier 1103 et la borne 1161 du récepteur 116 de laportion 108 ; - une neuvième tension, notée V9, entre le cavalier 1123 et l'about de rail de la
file de rail 102 de laportion 106, c'est-à-dire entre le cavalier 1123 et la borne 1142 de l'émetteur 114 de laportion 106 ; et - une dixième tension, notée V10, entre le cavalier 1123 et l'about de rail de la
file de rail 104 de laportion 108, c'est-à-dire entre le cavalier 1123 et la borne 1162 du récepteur 116 de laportion 108.
- a seventh voltage, denoted V 7 , between the
jumper 110 3 and the rail end of therail track 102 of theportion 106, that is to say between thejumper 110 3 and theterminal 114 1 of thetransmitter 114 of theportion 106; - a seventh voltage, denoted V 8 , between the
jumper 110 3 and the rail end of therail track 104 of theportion 108, that is to say between thejumper 110 3 and theterminal 116 1 of thereceiver 116portion 108; - a ninth voltage, denoted V 9 , between the
jumper 112 3 and the rail end of therail track 102 of theportion 106, that is to say between thejumper 112 3 and theterminal 114 2 of thetransmitter 114 of theportion 106; and - a tenth voltage, denoted V 10 , between the
jumper 112 3 and the rail end of therail track 104 of theportion 108, that is to say between thejumper 112 3 and theterminal 116 2 of thereceiver 116portion 108.
Ces tensions sont mesurées dans les mêmes conditions que celles décrites plus haut dans le cadre des tensions consistant en des ITE ou en des signaux sinusoïdaux.These voltages are measured under the same conditions as those described above in the context of voltages consisting of ITEs or sinusoidal signals.
En plus des critères décrits plus haut, les critères obtenus en absence de défaut des joints isolants et en absence de circulation sur les deux circuits de voie :
La
La voie ferrée 400 représentée sur le
A la différence de la
La fréquence F0 est choisie pour ne pas perturber les circuits de voie des portions 106 et 108, par exemple une valeur très supérieure à max(F1, F2). Par exemple, la fréquence F0 est égale à 8500Hz ou 9500Hz ou encore une fréquence comprise entre ces deux valeurs.The frequency F0 is chosen so as not to disturb the channel circuits of the
Le cas échéant, compte tenu des impédances propres à certains circuits de voie, un élément de court-circuit 402 accordé (résonnance série à F0 sans gêne pour le circuit de voie support) à la fréquence F0 peut-être disposé entre les bornes de l'émetteur 114 de la section 106, et un élément de court-circuit 404 accordé à la fréquence F0 peut être disposé de même entre les bornes du récepteur 116 de la section 108.If necessary, given the impedances specific to certain track circuits, a short-
Chacun des éléments de court-circuit 402 et 404 est obtenu par un circuit LC comprenant au moins un élément inductif L et au moins un élément capacitif C.Each of the short-
L'élément de court-circuit 402, respectivement 404, est disposé entre l'émetteur 114, respectivement le récepteur 116, et le CIT 118, respectivement le CIT 120.The short-
Les tensions mesurées sont celles décrites en référence à la
Dans ces conditions, en plus des critères définis précédemment pour les tensions V1-V6, les critères suivants sont vérifiés :
De plus, dans la configuration décrite en référence à la
la résistance 502 symbolise la résistance représentée par l'élément isolant 1101, c'est-à-dire la résistance électrique entre le cavalier 1103 disposé sur lafile de rail 102 et l'about de rail de lasection 106 du côté dujoint isolant 110 ;la résistance 504 symbolise la résistance représentée par l'élément isolant 1102, c'est-à-dire la résistance électrique entre le cavalier 1103 disposé sur lafile de rail 102 et l'about de rail de lasection 108 du côté dujoint isolant 110 ;la résistance 506 symbolise la résistance représentée par l'élément isolant 1121, c'est-à-dire la résistance électrique entre le cavalier 1123 disposé sur lafile de rail 104 et l'about de rail de lasection 106 du côté dujoint isolant 112 ;la résistance 508 symbolise la résistance représentée par l'élément isolant 1122, c'est-à-dire la résistance électrique entre le cavalier 1123 disposé sur lafile de rail 104 et l'about de rail de lasection 108 du côté dujoint isolant 112 ;la résistance 510 symbolise la résistance équivalente, c'est-à-dire l'impédance ramenée de la voie en parallèle avec lecircuit LC série 402, entre les files de rails 102et 104 dansla section 106 ; etla résistance 512 symbolise la résistance équivalente, c'est-à-dire l'impédance ramenée de la voie en parallèle avec lecircuit LC série 404, entre les files de rails 102et 104 dansla section 108.
- the
resistor 502 symbolizes the resistance represented by the insulatingelement 110 1 , that is to say the electrical resistance between thejumper 110 3 disposed on therail line 102 and the rail end of thesection 106 on the side of the insulating joint 110; - the
resistor 504 symbolizes the resistance represented by the insulatingelement 110 2 , that is to say the electrical resistance between thejumper 110 3 disposed on therail line 102 and the rail end of thesection 108 on the side of the insulating joint 110; - the
resistor 506 symbolizes the resistance represented by theinsulative element 112 1 , i.e., the electrical resistance between thejumper 112 3 disposed on therail track 104 and the rail end of the circuit-side section 106. insulatinggasket 112; - the
resistor 508 symbolizes the resistance represented by the insulatingelement 112 2 , that is to say the electrical resistance between thejumper 112 3 disposed on therail line 104 and the rail end of thesection 108 on the side of the insulatinggasket 112; - the
resistor 510 symbolizes the equivalent resistance, i.e. the impedance brought back from the channel in parallel with theseries LC circuit 402, between the rows of 102 and 104 in therails section 106; and - the
resistor 512 symbolizes the equivalent resistance, i.e. the impedance brought back from the channel in parallel with theseries LC circuit 404, between the rows of 102 and 104 inrails section 108.
Compte-tenu des éléments de court-circuit 402 et 404, à la fréquence F0 du signal injecté par les bornes 302 et 304 du dispositif 122, les résistances 510 et 512 sont nulles ou négligeables à minima au regard des résistances des profils isolants utilisés dans les joints isolants.Given the short-
Dans ces conditions, les indicateurs suivants sont obtenus en l'absence d'un essieu d'un véhicule à cheval sur un about de rail et cavalier :
- V5 mesurée à F0 ∼ 0, et
- V6 mesurée à F0 ∼ 0.
- V 5 measured at F0 ~ 0, and
- V 6 measured at F0 ~ 0.
La
Le dispositif de contrôle 600 de la
Le dispositif de contrôle 600 comprend plusieurs moyens de mesure de tensions 602i connectés aux différentes bornes d'entrée du dispositif de contrôle 600.The
Chaque moyen de mesure de tension 602i peut être un voltmètre capable de mesurer soit une tension crête avec une polarité donnée, soit mesurer une valeur efficace, à chacune des fréquences F0 du signal injecté, F1cdv du signal du circuit de voie 106 et F2cdv du signal du circuit de voie 108.Each voltage measuring means 602 i may be a voltmeter capable of measuring either a peak voltage with a given polarity, or an effective value, at each of the frequencies F0 of the injected signal, F1 cdv of the signal of the
Chaque moyen de mesure de tension 602i peut être agencé pour mesurer une tension entre deux bornes d'entrée du dispositif de contrôle 600 et à une fréquence donnée.Each voltage measuring means 602 i may be arranged to measure a voltage between two input terminals of the
Le dispositif de mesure comprend en outre un module 604 d'analyse ou de test, relié à chacun des moyens de mesure de tension, et configurée pour :
- recevoir de chacun des moyens de mesure de
tension 602i, la valeur de la tension mesurée, - analyser chaque tension mesurée en fonction de l'une au moins des relations précisées plus haut, et
- fournir une donnée relative au dispositif isolant ou à au moins un joint isolant, et notamment une donnée de fonctionnement de type : « isolation électrique satisfaisante et dispositif non défaillant » ou « défaut isolation électrique ou dispositif défaillant ».
- receiving from each of the voltage measuring means 602 i the value of the measured voltage,
- analyze each measured voltage according to at least one of the relationships specified above, and
- provide data relating to the insulating device or to at least one insulating seal, and in particular to operating data of the type: "satisfactory electrical insulation and non-insulating device failing " or " fault electrical insulation or faulty device ".
Le dispositif 600 comprend en outre un moyen de signalisation, par exemple un écran 606, pour signaler le résultat de l'analyse à un opérateur. Par exemple, lorsque la donnée fournie par le module d'analyse 604 est « isolation électrique satisfaisante et dispositif non défaillant » alors l'écran d'affichage peut afficher une lumière de couleur verte et lorsque la donnée fournie par le module d'analyse 604 est « défaut isolation électrique ou dispositif défaillant » alors l'écran d'affichage 606 peut afficher une lumière de couleur rouge, éventuellement en association avec une donnée d'identification et/ou une donnée de localisation du dispositif isolant, des joints isolants ou du dispositif lui-même.The
Lorsque le dispositif de contrôle 600 est un dispositif actif, ce qui est la version préférée du dispositif de contrôle selon l'invention dans le cas de joints isolants double, c'est-à-dire un dispositif qui injecte un signal de fréquence connue dans la voie ferrée, et plus particulièrement dans les cavaliers tel que dans le mode de réalisation de la
Alternativement, le dispositif de contrôle peut comprendre un seul moyen de mesure de tension mesurant chacune des tensions successivement ou à tour de rôle.Alternatively, the control device may comprise a single voltage measuring means each measuring the voltages successively or in turn.
La
Le dispositif 700 de la
Le premier ensemble 702 comprend en outre un module prétraitement et de communication de communication 704 au travers d'un réseau de communication 706 filaire ou non.The
Ce module de communication 704 est agencé pour communiquer avec un deuxième ensemble 708 dudit dispositif 700, disposé sur un site distant de la voie ferrée. Le module d'analyse 604 et l'écran d'affichage 606 sont disposés dans ce deuxième ensemble.This
Ce deuxième ensemble peut être commun à plusieurs premiers ensembles disposés chacun à proximité d'un dispositif isolant.This second set may be common to several first sets each arranged near an insulating device.
Dans tous les modes de réalisation décrits plus haut, le dispositif de contrôle est avantageusement alimenté par un courant IT, fourni par la voie ferrée lorsque les lignes sont équipées pour la traction électrique en courant alternatif, en particulier par le courant généré par la mutuelle inductance liant les files de rails et la caténaire de la voie ferrée.In all the embodiments described above, the control device is advantageously supplied by a current I T , supplied by the railroad when the lines are equipped for electric traction AC, in particular by the current generated by the mutual inductance linking the lines of rails and the catenary of the railway.
La
Le procédé 800 représenté sur la
Ensuite, lors d'une étape 804 des tensions sont mesurées par des moyens de mesure. Ces tensions comprennent au moins la tension V1 et la tension V2 telles que décrites plus haut sans être limitées aux modes de réalisation décrits. Ces mesures peuvent également comprendre une combinaison quelconque des tensions V3 à V10.Then, during a
Lors d'une étape 806, les tensions mesurées sont testées/analysées en fonction d'au moins une règle prédéfinie.During a
Le résultat de l'analyse est affiché lors d'une étape 808, éventuellement en association avec une donnée d'identification et/ou une donnée de localisation du dispositif isolant, par exemple sur un écran de surveillance.The result of the analysis is displayed during a
L'étape 808 peut également comprendre un déclenchement d'un signal d'alerte sonore ou visuel ou un envoi d'un message vers un opérateur lorsque le résultat de l'analyse réalisée à l'étape 806 montre que le dispositif d'isolation n'assure pas une isolation électrique satisfaisante.Step 808 may also include triggering an audible or visual warning signal or sending a message to an operator when the result of the analysis performed in
L'étape d'analyse 806 et/ou l'étape 808 d'affichage peu(ven)t être réalisée(s) sur un site, dit de surveillance, distant du site, dit de mesure, sur lequel est réalisée l'étape de mesure 804. Dans ce cas, le procédé 800 peut comprendre une étape 810 d'émission de données :
- relatives aux tensions mesurées, après l'étape de mesure 804 et préalablement à l'étape 806 d'analyse, telle que représentée sur le
FIGURE 8 , ou - relatives au résultat de l'analyse réalisée à l'étape 806, après l'étape d'analyse 806 et préalablement à l'étape d'affichage 808.
- relative to the measured voltages, after the measuring
step 804 and prior to theanalysis step 806, as shown in FIG.FIGURE 8 , or - relating to the result of the analysis carried out at
step 806, after theanalysis step 806 and before thedisplay step 808.
Le procédé de contrôle peut être soit à contrôle permanent, soit initié sur demande d'un opérateur, par exemple à distance, ou à une fréquence prédéterminée.The control method may be either permanently controlled or initiated at the request of an operator, for example remotely, or at a predetermined frequency.
Bien entendu l'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples qui viennent d'être décrits.Naturally, the invention is not limited to the examples which have just been described.
Claims (17)
- A device (122; 600; 700) for controlling the electrical insulation between two adjacent portions (106, 108) of a railway track (100-400) comprising two rail tracks (102, 104), said electrical insulation being carried out by an insulating device comprising, for each rail track (102, 104), an insulated joint (110, 112) inserted into said rail track (102, 104), said insulating device being surrounded:- on one side, by a receiving device (116), said receiver, of an electrical signal conveyed by a track circuit of one (108) of said adjacent portions (106, 108), and- on the other, by a transmitting device (114), said transmitter, of an electrical signal conveyed by a track circuit of the other (106) of said adjacent portions (106, 108);said control device (122; 600; 700) being characterized in that it comprises:- measuring means (602) arranged in order to measure a first electric voltage at the terminals of said transmitter (114), and in particular between the terminals connecting said transmitter (114) to the railway line, and a second electric voltage at the terminals of said receiver (116), and in particular between the terminals connecting said receiver (116) to the railway line, and- at least one testing means (604) arranged in order to test said measured voltages.
- The device (122; 600; 700) according to claim 1, characterized in that it moreover comprises a device (606) for signalling an item of information relating to said test.
- The device (122; 700) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the testing means (604) and/or the signalling device (606) is/are arranged at a distance from the site of the measuring means (602).
- The device (122; 600; 700) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the measuring means (602) are moreover arranged in order to measure at least one of the following voltages:- a third voltage (V3) at the terminals of one (110) of the insulated joints (110, 112) of the insulating device,- a fourth voltage (V4) at the terminals of the other (112) of the insulated joints (110, 112) of the insulating device,- a fifth voltage (V5) between a first connecting terminal (1142) of the transmitter (114) connected to one (104) of the rail tracks (102, 104) and a second connecting terminal (1161) of the receiver (116) connected to the other (102) of the rail tracks (102, 104), and- a sixth voltage (V6) between a second connecting terminal (1141) of the transmitter (114) connected to the other (102) of the rail tracks (102, 104) and a first connecting terminal (1162) of the receiver (116) connected to one (104) of the rail tracks (102, 104);said at least one testing means (604) moreover being arranged in order to take into account at least one of said voltages (V3-V6).
- The device (122; 600; 700) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, when at least one insulated joint (110, 112) of the insulating device comprises two insulating elements (1101, 1102; 1121, 1122) between which is arranged a portion of rail (1103; 1123), said jumper, the measuring means (602) are moreover arranged in order to measure at least one voltage (V7-V10) between said jumper (1103; 1123) and a terminal (1141, 1142; 1161, 1162) of the receiver (116) or of the transmitter (114), said at least one testing means (604) being moreover arranged in order to take into account at least one of said voltages (V7-V10).
- The device (122; 600; 700) according to claim 5, characterized in that it moreover comprises a means (608) for injecting a signal of a specified frequency into each jumper (1103; 1123) of every insulated joint (110, 112) of the insulating device, at least one of the measured voltages (V1-V10) being measured at said specified frequency.
- The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the measuring means (602) are configured to carry out a simultaneous or almost simultaneous measurement of all the voltages.
- A railway track (100-400) comprising:- at least one insulating device (110, 112) for insulating two adjacent portions (106, 108) of said railway track (100-400), and- for each insulating device (110, 112), a control device (122, 600, 700) according to any one of the preceding claims.
- The railway line (100-400) according to claim 8, characterized in that at least one insulated joints (110,112) of an insulating device is:- a glued insulated joint, or- a non-glued insulated joint.
- The railway line (100-400) according to any one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that at least one insulated joint (110, 112) comprises:- a single insulating element inserted into the rail track, or- two insulating elements (1101, 1002; 1121, 1122), inserted into the rail track (102, 104) separated by a portion of rail (1103; 1123), referred to as jumper.
- A method (800) for controlling the electrical insulation between two adjacent portions (106, 108) of a railway line (100-400) comprising two rail tracks (102, 104), said electrical insulation being carried out by an insulating device comprising, for each rail track (102, 104), an insulated joint (110, 112) inserted into said rail track (102, 104), said insulating device being surrounded:- on one side, by a receiving device (116), said receiver, of an electrical signal conveyed by a track circuit of one (108) of said adjacent portions (106, 108), and- on the other, by a transmitting device (114), said transmitter, of an electrical signal conveyed by a track circuit of the other (106) of said adjacent portions (106, 108);said method (800) comprising the following steps:- measuring (804) a first electric voltage (V1) at the terminals of said transmitter (114), and in particular between the terminals connecting said transmitter (114) to the railway line, and a second electric voltage (V2) at the terminals of said receiver (116), and in particular between the terminals connecting said receiver (116) to the railway line, and- determining (806) the electrical insulation by analysis of said measured voltages (V1, V2) according to at least one predefined rule.
- The method (800) according to claim 11, characterized in that it comprises a step (808) for signalling an item of information relating to the result of said analysis.
- The method (800) according to any one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that the determination step (806) and/or the signalling step (808) is/are carried out at a site remote from the site where the measuring steps (804) are carried out, said method (808) moreover comprising a step (810) for transmitting data to said remote site.
- The method (800) according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that it moreover comprises a step (804) for measuring at least one of the following voltages:- a third voltage (V3) at the terminals of one (110) of the insulated joints (110, 112) of the insulating device,- a fourth voltage (V4) at the terminals of the other (112) of the insulated joints (110, 112) of the insulating device,- a fifth voltage (V5) between a first terminal (1142) of the transmitter (114) connected to one (104) of the rail tracks (102, 104) and a second terminal (1161) of the receiver (116) connected to the other (102) of the rail tracks (102, 104), and- a sixth voltage (V6) between a second terminal (1141) of the transmitter (114) connected to the other (102) of the rail tracks (102, 104) and a first terminal (1162) of the receiver (116) connected to one (104) of the rail tracks (102, 104);the determining step (806) moreover taking into account at least one of said voltages (V3-V6).
- The method (800) according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that, when at least one insulated joint (110, 112) of the insulating device comprises two insulating elements (1101, 1102; 1121, 1122) between which is arranged a portion of rail (1103; 1123), said jumper, said method (800) moreover comprises at least one step (804) for measuring at least one voltage (V7-V10) between said jumper (1103; 1123) and a terminal (1141, 1142; 1161, 1122) of the receiver (116) or of the transmitter (114), the determination step (806) moreover taking into account at least one of said voltages (V7 - V10).
- The method (800) according to claim 15, characterized in that it comprises a step (802) of injection of a signal of a specified frequency into each jumper (1103; 1123) of every joint (110; 112) of the insulating device, at least one of the measured voltages (V1-V10) being measured at said specified frequency.
- The method according to any one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that the voltage measurement steps are carried out simultaneously or almost simultaneously in order to measure all the voltages simultaneously or almost simultaneously.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1262956A FR3000457B1 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2012-12-28 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MONITORING ELECTRICAL INSULATION BETWEEN TWO PORTIONS OF RAILWAYS, AND RAILWAY EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A DEVICE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2749470A1 EP2749470A1 (en) | 2014-07-02 |
EP2749470B1 true EP2749470B1 (en) | 2015-10-14 |
Family
ID=48170636
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13197837.1A Active EP2749470B1 (en) | 2012-12-28 | 2013-12-17 | Method and device for monitoring the electrical insulation between two portions of railway tracks, and railway track provided with such a device |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2749470B1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3000457B1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2745543B1 (en) * | 1996-02-29 | 1998-05-22 | Cogifer | RAILWAY NETWORK MONITORING SYSTEM |
FR2758301B1 (en) * | 1997-01-10 | 1999-04-09 | Cogifer | SYSTEM FOR MONITORING AT LEAST ONE TOWNSHIP OF A RAIL NETWORK |
GB9808496D0 (en) * | 1998-04-22 | 1998-06-17 | Gec Alsthom Ltd | Resistance-monitoring arrangement |
WO2008052643A2 (en) * | 2006-10-30 | 2008-05-08 | Siemens Schweiz Ag | Method and device for evaluation of measurement data in railway track circuits |
IT1390990B1 (en) * | 2008-08-28 | 2011-10-27 | Sirti Spa | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR VERIFICATION OF THE INSULATION OF A TRACK CIRCUIT |
GB2467559A (en) * | 2009-02-06 | 2010-08-11 | Balfour Beatty Plc | Insulated rail joint monitoring apparatus and method |
-
2012
- 2012-12-28 FR FR1262956A patent/FR3000457B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-12-17 EP EP13197837.1A patent/EP2749470B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3000457A1 (en) | 2014-07-04 |
FR3000457B1 (en) | 2015-01-30 |
EP2749470A1 (en) | 2014-07-02 |
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