EP2730838B1 - Lighting module for a vehicle headlamp comprising several light sources - Google Patents
Lighting module for a vehicle headlamp comprising several light sources Download PDFInfo
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- EP2730838B1 EP2730838B1 EP13192221.3A EP13192221A EP2730838B1 EP 2730838 B1 EP2730838 B1 EP 2730838B1 EP 13192221 A EP13192221 A EP 13192221A EP 2730838 B1 EP2730838 B1 EP 2730838B1
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
- F21V7/04—Optical design
- F21V7/043—Optical design with cylindrical surface
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
- F21S41/147—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being angled to the optical axis of the illuminating device
- F21S41/148—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being angled to the optical axis of the illuminating device the main emission direction of the LED being perpendicular to the optical axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
- F21S41/151—Light emitting diodes [LED] arranged in one or more lines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
- F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
- F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
- F21S41/155—Surface emitters, e.g. organic light emitting diodes [OLED]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
- F21S41/25—Projection lenses
- F21S41/275—Lens surfaces, e.g. coatings or surface structures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
- F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
- F21S41/323—Optical layout thereof the reflector having two perpendicular cross sections having regular geometrical curves of a distinct nature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
- F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
- F21S41/65—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on light sources
- F21S41/663—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on light sources by switching light sources
Definitions
- the invention relates to lighting devices such as headlights for motor vehicles.
- the document EP 2,500,628 A2 describes a known automotive headlamp employing a row of light-emitting diodes associated with a reflector having a planar portion and with a projection lens to perform an adaptive road lighting function.
- the first provides lighting across the entire width of the road ahead of the vehicle.
- the second provides lighting of the lane in which the vehicle is located and reduced lighting of the lane next to it and in which vehicles are likely to come into the wrong direction. In this way, the occupants of the latter are not dazzled.
- the most common form of the dipped beam headlamps does not provide sufficient illumination for the side of the road located beyond this adjacent lane. This is a source of danger. For example, if a pedestrian on this sidewalk is about to cross the road, the driver will not be visible early enough.
- an adaptive light function has been proposed which makes it possible to selectively illuminate certain parts of the scene in front of the vehicle at a long distance and in particular the aisle located beyond the adjacent lane.
- an observation device analyzes the scene and selects the areas to be lit.
- a projector for implementing this operation is presented in the document EP-2,278,217 . It includes several contiguous modules intended to form the respective bands. Each module includes a light source, a reflector and a lens for making one of the strips.
- the reflector has a shape such that it spreads the light from the source in the vertical direction and that the lower part of the strip is more illuminated than its upper part.
- An object of the invention is to overcome this drawback and therefore to reduce the volume of the device making it possible to selectively illuminate different areas of the scene visible in front of the vehicle.
- the sources are associated with the same reflector and the same lens.
- the volume of the device is therefore considerably reduced.
- the light source is defined as the light emitting surface of an organ such as an LED.
- the lens is arranged so that the image formed by the lens of an object placed at one of its focal points has a sharp outline over its entire length.
- a sharp outline is defined as follows: Let I (h, v) be an intensity as a function of two angles h and v (for example equal to log (illumination on a screen at 25 m).
- the contour is said to be sharp if at each point the contrast is greater than a predetermined threshold (for example 0.13 according to the European standard).
- the reflector presents, in a plane perpendicular to the generatrices of the cylinder, a section shaped so as to increase a dimension of an image of each source by the reflector and so that an average value of a luminous flux in an upper half of the image of each source projected by the lens is less than an average value of the flow in a lower half of the image.
- the light power supplied is greater at the bottom of the spots than at the top.
- the reflector has a curved section having an inflection point, preferably a single point.
- Such a shape promotes obtaining a good distribution of light in each of the spots, in the vertical direction.
- the lens is arranged so that a sharpness of an overall image of the sources provided by the lens is maximum at at least two predetermined points of this image in comparison with other areas of the image.
- the device therefore produces comfortable lighting for the driver of the vehicle and allows him to understand the scene in front of the vehicle as best as possible.
- the points are located on the edges of the images of two sources, these images being immediately adjacent to an image of the same source, these edges being located on the side of the image of the latter.
- the points are located on the edges of the images from two sources, these images being immediately adjacent to each other, the edge of each image being located on a side opposite to the other image.
- Each of these two embodiments represents a good compromise for optimizing the lens and obtaining satisfactory lighting.
- one face of the lens has undulations.
- This characteristic makes it possible to slightly blur the upper horizontal edge of the spots to avoid having a too clear cut in light intensity between the spot and the environment, generally at night, which improves the comfort and the pleasure of the driver.
- the face of the lens having the undulations is an exit face of the light from the sources.
- each source has a square shape in a plane perpendicular to a main direction of light emission by the source.
- Such sources in particular when they are constituted by light-emitting diodes, have a lower cost price than the sources of rectangular shape, which makes their use advantageous.
- the module according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a large spread in the vertical direction from from square sources.
- the module is arranged so that the sources can be individually controlled from one another.
- the module comprises a screen forming an obstacle to the direct transmission of light from the sources to the lens.
- this light transmitted directly to the lens indeed forms stray rays in the bands.
- a motor vehicle headlamp which comprises at least one module according to the invention and preferably comprises several.
- This projector can also constitute a signaling device.
- Another object according to the invention is a motor vehicle comprising at least one module or a lighting device according to the invention.
- the module 2 comprises light sources 4, a cover or screen 6, a mirror or reflector 8 and a lens 10.
- the light sources 4 are produced in this case in the form of light-emitting diodes. They are arranged to produce upward-oriented lighting with their vertical optical axis. Here they have a square shape in view in a plane perpendicular to this optical axis. Each source has in plan a surface equal for example to 1 mm 2 . The sources are aligned in a direction parallel to the X axis. The sources are for example carried by a printed circuit 12 common to all the sources. The number of sources is arbitrary. It is greater than or equal to three and the highest possible, each source producing one of the bands forming the lighting.
- the light sources are arranged so that there is a straight line passing through all of the sources, in particular through one of the edges of each source.
- the contours of the sources are contained in the same plane.
- Each source has two opposite edges, and the opposite edges of all sources are parallel to each other. The edges are parallel to the optical axis.
- the screen 6 is arranged to prevent light from sources from arriving directly on the lens 10.
- the latter has a rear face 14 and a front face 16 so called with reference to the path of the light from the sources and to the direction of travel of the vehicle. As illustrated in figure 2 , at least part of the light from each source 4 is reflected by the reflector 8 in the direction of the face 14 and then leaves the lens by the face 16 in the form of rays parallel to each other and to the axis Y.
- the overall image 20 produced by the module on a vertical screen which would be arranged in a plane parallel to the axes X and Z across the road 22 in front of the vehicle.
- This overall image is divided into as many vertical rectangular bands 24 as there are sources 4.
- the height of each band is greater than its width.
- the bands are juxtaposed by their vertical edges. Some of the bands extend in front of the vehicle to illuminate the entire road, in this case the two lanes of the latter and other bands, beyond the previous ones in the direction of the X axis, so as to illuminate the roadside.
- the strips 24 are identical to each other. However, it can be expected that these bands differ in their width and / or in their length. Similarly, here, the upper and lower horizontal edges of the bands are respectively coincident. But this is not compulsory. In addition, a single horizontal row of strips is provided here. However, provision can be made for the module to produce at least two horizontal rows of strips extending one above the other.
- the face of the reflector 8 exposed to the light of the sources has a cylindrical shape, the generatrices of the cylinder being parallel to the axis X. It has a section in a plane parallel to the axes Y and Z, shown in the figure 3 , on which the generators are based.
- the lens 10 receives light from all the sources 4, it is optically optimized so that the strips 24 forming the images of the sources have the sharpest vertical edges possible. We will see later how this optimization is achieved.
- the lens is common to all the sources and that the latter are preferably of small dimensions, producing the reflector 8 in the form of an anamorphoser does not allow simple results to be obtained. This is the reason why we choose here to calculate the shape of the reflector so that it gives satisfactory or even optimal results.
- the shape of its illustrated section the figure 3 is distinct from a line segment and a conic.
- the first consists in spreading along the vertical direction of the image of each source 4 so that the reflector produces a rectangular image 24 of a square source.
- the second function consists in distributing the light power coming from the source so as to provide more light power in the lower part of the strip 24 only in the upper part. More specifically, it is sought to ensure that the light power in the strip per unit area is all the lower the greater the distance from the lower edge of the strip.
- ⁇ The values of ⁇ are brought back between 0 and 1 by an affine transformation, from the weakest to the strongest.
- the integral being taken from the source is the integral being taken from Otherwise, where n y and n z are the non-zero coordinates of the unit vector normal to the reflector at the point considered.
- the virtual images created at any point of the reflector are of the same size and E r is therefore the emittance of the virtual image of the point (0, y r , z r ).
- the orientation which the normal to the reflector must have in order to produce the desired offset is calculated. Once this orientation has been determined for all the points of the reflector, the position of each point is determined knowing that one starts from the lower edge of the reflector which is common to the plane reflector oriented at 45 °. We can therefore build the reflector step by step. This orientation calculation and this construction can be performed without difficulty by a computer program.
- an average value of a light flux in an upper half of the image 24 of each source projected by the lens is less than an average value of the flux in a lower half of the image.
- the lens 10 is optimized in its two dioptres to minimize annoying aberrations.
- Figures 8 and 9 two modes of implementation of this optimization. These figures show the images 26 of the sources as they are reflected by the reflector. These are aligned rectangular strips, the largest dimension of which is measured in the vertical direction. The bands are not contiguous.
- the optical axis 28 of the lens which is parallel to the axis Y, passes through the vertical plane of symmetry of the image 26a from the source located at the center of the alignment.
- the images 26b and 26c of the two adjacent sources are the closest to the central image 26a.
- the lens is optimized so that the following two edges benefit from maximum clarity: the vertical edge 30 of the image 26c which is closest to the image 26a and the vertical edge 30 of the image 26b which is the closest of image 26a.
- the lens is therefore optimized to promote the sharpness of the vertical edges closest to the optical axis of the images of the lateral images 26b and 26c.
- the images of the edges of the central image 26a are somewhat blurred, as are the outer lateral edges of the images of the images 26b and 26c. We can then obtain three reasonably clear bands but having a lower sharpness in the case of the figure 9 explained below. This mode is applicable when it is desired to have a high overlap of the beams of the left and right headlights of the vehicle when these are designed in accordance with the invention.
- the optical axis 28 of the lens passes through the vertical plane of symmetry of the interval 32 located at the center of the alignment, between two of the images 26. These are therefore two images adjacent to each other .
- the lens is optimized so that the edge 35 of each of these two images 26 which is furthest from the interval benefits from the maximum sharpness.
- This case is applicable when the beam of the module extends slightly towards the interior of the vehicle. In this case, the images of the edges of the images closest to the optical axis are a little blurred. This case makes it possible to obtain two very clear bands and applies when it is desired to have a low overlap of the beams of the left and right headlights of the vehicle when these are designed in accordance with the invention.
- the module according to the invention makes it possible in particular to obtain strips whose vertical edges are suitably sharp.
- the module according to the invention makes it possible to produce a beam having no black bands on the image 20 between the bands 24. This thus avoids a comb effect detrimental to the aesthetics.
- the outlet face 16 of the lens has undulations having a depth of a few microns. These undulations have the effect of slightly blurring the small upper and lower sides of each strip so that the light transition between the strip and its environment at its vertical ends is carried out as smoothly as possible.
- the sources are addressable so as to make it possible to control, by means of suitable control means of the module, the production of each strip of light individually from one another.
- the greatest total length measured along the Y axis between the lens and the reflector is approximately 40 mm.
- this module also performs the function of high beam and / or low beam, possibly on its own or in addition to one or more other devices.
- a headlamp comprising such a module can also be equipped with one or more signaling lights.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
- Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
Description
L'invention concerne les dispositifs d'éclairage tels que les projecteurs pour véhicules automobiles.The invention relates to lighting devices such as headlights for motor vehicles.
Le document
Il est connu de prévoir sur un véhicule automobile des fonctions d'éclairage en feux de route et en feux de croisement. La première fournit un éclairage de toute la largeur de la route devant le véhicule. La seconde fournit un éclairage de la voie dans laquelle se trouve le véhicule et un éclairage réduit de la voie située à côté et dans laquelle des véhicules sont susceptibles de venir à contresens. De la sorte, les occupants de ces derniers ne sont pas éblouis. Toutefois, la fonction de feux de croisement dans sa forme la plus habituelle ne permet pas d'éclairer suffisamment loin le bas-côté de la route situé au-delà de cette voie adjacente. Or cela constitue une source de danger. Par exemple, si un piéton situé sur ce bas-côté s'apprête à traverser la route, il ne sera pas visible suffisamment tôt par le conducteur.It is known to provide lighting functions for high beam and low beam on a motor vehicle. The first provides lighting across the entire width of the road ahead of the vehicle. The second provides lighting of the lane in which the vehicle is located and reduced lighting of the lane next to it and in which vehicles are likely to come into the wrong direction. In this way, the occupants of the latter are not dazzled. However, the most common form of the dipped beam headlamps does not provide sufficient illumination for the side of the road located beyond this adjacent lane. This is a source of danger. For example, if a pedestrian on this sidewalk is about to cross the road, the driver will not be visible early enough.
Pour y remédier, on a proposé une fonction de feu adaptatif qui permet d'éclairer à grande distance et sélectivement certaines parties de la scène située devant le véhicule et en particulier le bas-côté situé au-delà de la voie adjacente. À cette fin, un dispositif d'observation analyse la scène et sélectionne les zones qui doivent être éclairées.To remedy this, an adaptive light function has been proposed which makes it possible to selectively illuminate certain parts of the scene in front of the vehicle at a long distance and in particular the aisle located beyond the adjacent lane. To this end, an observation device analyzes the scene and selects the areas to be lit.
Pour cela, il est connu notamment de découper fictivement cette scène en plusieurs bandes rectangulaires verticales qui sont éclairées sélectivement suivant les parties de la scène que l'on souhaite illuminer. (Le même type de fonctionnement peut être mis en oeuvre avec une disposition matricielle, c'est-à-dire en colonnes et en lignes, des différentes zones de la scène à éclairer sélectivement.) Il est également souhaitable d'éclairer davantage les parties inférieures des bandes que leur partie supérieure.For this, it is known in particular to fictitiously cut this scene into several vertical rectangular bands which are selectively lit according to the parts of the scene that one wishes to illuminate. (The same type of operation can be implemented with a matrix arrangement, that is to say in columns and in rows, of the different areas of the scene to be selectively illuminated.) It is also desirable to illuminate the parts more lower bands than their upper part.
Un projecteur permettant de mettre en oeuvre ce fonctionnement est présenté dans le document
Mais ce projecteur est encombrant puisqu'il faut juxtaposer autant de modules que des bandes souhaitées.But this projector is bulky since it is necessary to juxtapose as many modules as desired strips.
Un but de l'invention est de pallier cet inconvénient et donc de réduire le volume du dispositif permettant d'éclairer sélectivement différentes zones de la scène visible devant le véhicule.An object of the invention is to overcome this drawback and therefore to reduce the volume of the device making it possible to selectively illuminate different areas of the scene visible in front of the vehicle.
A cet effet, on prévoit selon l'invention un module d'éclairage selon la revendication 1.To this end, there is provided according to the invention a lighting module according to
Ainsi, les sources sont associées au même réflecteur et à la même lentille. On réduit donc considérablement le volume du dispositif.Thus, the sources are associated with the same reflector and the same lens. The volume of the device is therefore considerably reduced.
On définit ici la source de lumière comme étant la surface émettrice de lumière d'un organe tel qu'une LED.Here, the light source is defined as the light emitting surface of an organ such as an LED.
En ce qui concerne la netteté, la lentille est agencée de manière à ce que l'image formée par la lentille d'un objet placé à l'un de ses foyers présente un contour net sur toute sa longueur. Un contour net est défini de la manière suivante :
Soit I(h,v) une intensité en fonction de deux angles h et v (par exemple égale à log(éclairement sur un écran à 25 m).As far as sharpness is concerned, the lens is arranged so that the image formed by the lens of an object placed at one of its focal points has a sharp outline over its entire length. A sharp outline is defined as follows:
Let I (h, v) be an intensity as a function of two angles h and v (for example equal to log (illumination on a screen at 25 m).
Le contraste est alors égal à ||grad(I)||.The contrast is then equal to || grad (I) ||.
Le contour est dit net si en chaque point le contraste est supérieur à un seuil prédéterminé (par exemple 0,13 selon la norme européenne).The contour is said to be sharp if at each point the contrast is greater than a predetermined threshold (for example 0.13 according to the European standard).
On peut notamment prévoir que le réflecteur présente, dans un plan perpendiculaire aux génératrices du cylindre, une section conformée de façon à augmenter une dimension d'une image de chaque source par le réflecteur et de sorte qu'une valeur moyenne d'un flux lumineux dans une moitié supérieure de l'image de chaque source projetée par la lentille est inférieure à une valeur moyenne du flux dans une moitié inférieure de l'image.One can in particular provide that the reflector presents, in a plane perpendicular to the generatrices of the cylinder, a section shaped so as to increase a dimension of an image of each source by the reflector and so that an average value of a luminous flux in an upper half of the image of each source projected by the lens is less than an average value of the flow in a lower half of the image.
Ainsi, la puissance lumineuse fournie est plus grande en partie basse des taches qu'en partie haute.Thus, the light power supplied is greater at the bottom of the spots than at the top.
De préférence, le réflecteur a une section courbe présentant un point d'inflexion, de préférence unique.Preferably, the reflector has a curved section having an inflection point, preferably a single point.
Une telle forme favorise l'obtention d'une bonne répartition de la lumière dans chacune des taches, en direction verticale.Such a shape promotes obtaining a good distribution of light in each of the spots, in the vertical direction.
La lentille est agencée de sorte qu'une netteté d'une image globale des sources fournie par la lentille est maximale à au moins deux points prédéterminés de cette image par comparaison avec d'autres zones de l'image.The lens is arranged so that a sharpness of an overall image of the sources provided by the lens is maximum at at least two predetermined points of this image in comparison with other areas of the image.
Il s'agit donc d'une lentille optimisée optiquement pour tenir compte de la pluralité des sources et obtenir ainsi une bonne netteté dans les bords verticaux des taches, afin que l'éclairage produit ne présente ni discontinuité, ni point chaud correspondant à une puissance lumineuse trop importante. Le dispositif produit donc un éclairage confortable pour le conducteur du véhicule et lui permet d'appréhender le mieux possible la scène située devant le véhicule.It is therefore a lens optically optimized to take into account the plurality of sources and thus obtain good sharpness in the vertical edges of the spots, so that the lighting produced has neither discontinuity nor hot spot corresponding to a power too much light. The device therefore produces comfortable lighting for the driver of the vehicle and allows him to understand the scene in front of the vehicle as best as possible.
Dans un mode de réalisation, les points sont situés sur des bords des images de deux sources, ces images étant immédiatement voisines d'une image d'une même source, ces bords étant situés du côté de l'image de cette dernière.In one embodiment, the points are located on the edges of the images of two sources, these images being immediately adjacent to an image of the same source, these edges being located on the side of the image of the latter.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation, les points sont situés sur des bords des images de deux sources, ces images étant immédiatement voisines l'une de l'autre, le bord de chaque image étant situé d'un côté opposé à l'autre image.In another embodiment, the points are located on the edges of the images from two sources, these images being immediately adjacent to each other, the edge of each image being located on a side opposite to the other image. .
Chacun de ces deux modes de réalisation représente un bon compromis pour l'optimisation de la lentille et l'obtention d'un éclairage satisfaisant.Each of these two embodiments represents a good compromise for optimizing the lens and obtaining satisfactory lighting.
Avantageusement, une face de la lentille présente des ondulations.Advantageously, one face of the lens has undulations.
Cette caractéristique permet de rendre légèrement flou le bord horizontal supérieur des taches pour éviter d'avoir une coupure d'intensité lumineuse trop nette entre la tache et l'environnement, généralement nocturne, ce qui améliore le confort et l'agrément du conducteur.This characteristic makes it possible to slightly blur the upper horizontal edge of the spots to avoid having a too clear cut in light intensity between the spot and the environment, generally at night, which improves the comfort and the pleasure of the driver.
Avantageusement, la face de la lentille présentant les ondulations est une face de sortie de la lumière des sources.Advantageously, the face of the lens having the undulations is an exit face of the light from the sources.
On peut prévoir que chaque source a une forme carrée dans un plan perpendiculaire à une direction principale d'émission de la lumière par la source.It can be expected that each source has a square shape in a plane perpendicular to a main direction of light emission by the source.
De telles sources, notamment lorsqu'elles sont constituées par des diodes électroluminescentes, ont un prix de revient inférieur à celui des sources de forme rectangulaire, ce qui rend avantageuse leur utilisation. De plus, le module selon l'invention permet d'obtenir un grand étalement suivant la direction verticale à partir de sources carrées.Such sources, in particular when they are constituted by light-emitting diodes, have a lower cost price than the sources of rectangular shape, which makes their use advantageous. In addition, the module according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a large spread in the vertical direction from from square sources.
Le module peut présenter en outre au moins l'une quelconque des caractéristiques suivantes :
- les sources de lumière sont disposées de sorte qu'il existe une droite passant par l'ensemble des sources, notamment par l'un des bords de chaque source ;
- les sources de lumières sont disposées de manière à ce qu'il existe une courbe passant par un des sommets du contour de chaque source de lumière ;
- les sources de lumières sont disposées de manière à ce qu'il existe une courbe passant par le centre de chaque source de lumière ;
- la courbe est dépourvue de point d'inflexion ;
- les contours des sources sont contenus dans un même plan ;
- chaque source présente deux bords opposés, et les bords opposés de toutes les sources sont parallèles entre eux ; et
- les bords sont parallèles à l'axe optique.
- the light sources are arranged so that there is a straight line passing through all of the sources, in particular through one of the edges of each source;
- the light sources are arranged so that there is a curve passing through one of the vertices of the outline of each light source;
- the light sources are arranged so that there is a curve passing through the center of each light source;
- the curve has no inflection point;
- the contours of the sources are contained in the same plane;
- each source has two opposite edges, and the opposite edges of all sources are parallel to each other; and
- the edges are parallel to the optical axis.
Avantageusement, le module est agencé de sorte que les sources sont commandables individuellement les unes des autres.Advantageously, the module is arranged so that the sources can be individually controlled from one another.
Avantageusement, le module comprend un écran formant obstacle à la transmission directe de la lumière des sources à la lentille.Advantageously, the module comprises a screen forming an obstacle to the direct transmission of light from the sources to the lens.
Sinon, cette lumière transmise directement à la lentille forme en effet des rayons parasites dans les bandes.Otherwise, this light transmitted directly to the lens indeed forms stray rays in the bands.
On prévoit également selon l'invention un projecteur de véhicule automobile qui comprend au moins un module selon l'invention et de préférence en comprend plusieurs.According to the invention, a motor vehicle headlamp is also provided which comprises at least one module according to the invention and preferably comprises several.
Ce projecteur peut constituer en outre un dispositif de signalisation.This projector can also constitute a signaling device.
Un autre objet selon l'invention est un véhicule automobile comprenant au moins un module ou un dispositif d'éclairage selon l'invention.Another object according to the invention is a motor vehicle comprising at least one module or a lighting device according to the invention.
Nous allons maintenant présenter un mode de réalisation de l'invention en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :
- la
figure 1 est une vue en perspective schématique d'un module selon l'invention ; - la
figure 2 est un schéma illustrant le trajet de la lumière dans le module de lafigure 1 ; - la
figure 3 illustre la forme de la section du réflecteur du module de lafigure 1 ; - les
figures 4 sont des schémas représentant certaines grandeurs utilisées pour le calcul du réflecteur du module de laet 5figure 1 ; - la
figure 6 est une courbe illustrant l'évolution de l'éclairement normalisé renvoyé par chaque point du réflecteur en fonction de la coordonnée de ce point le long d'un axe parallèle à l'axe du véhicule ; - la
figure 7 est une courbe représentant le décalage vertical différentiel de la position d'un point du réflecteur par rapport à un réflecteur à section rectiligne en fonction de l'éclairement renvoyé par ce point ; - les
figures 8 et 9 sont deux vues des images des sources produites par le réflecteur et utilisées pour l'optimisation optique de la lentille dans le module de lafigure 1 dans deux modes de réalisation respectifs; et - la
figure 10 montre les bandes lumineuses produites par le module de lafigure 1 telle qu'elles apparaissent sur un écran disposé devant le véhicule sur sa route.
- the
figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a module according to the invention; - the
figure 2 is a diagram illustrating the path of light in the module of thefigure 1 ; - the
figure 3 illustrates the shape of the reflector section of the module of thefigure 1 ; - the
Figures 4 and 5 are diagrams representing certain quantities used for the calculation of the module reflector of thefigure 1 ; - the
figure 6 is a curve illustrating the evolution of the normalized illumination returned by each point of the reflector as a function of the coordinate of this point on along an axis parallel to the axis of the vehicle; - the
figure 7 is a curve representing the differential vertical offset of the position of a point of the reflector with respect to a reflector of rectilinear section as a function of the illumination returned by this point; - the
Figures 8 and 9 are two views of the source images produced by the reflector and used for the optical optimization of the lens in the module of thefigure 1 in two respective embodiments; and - the
figure 10 shows the light strips produced by the module of thefigure 1 as they appear on a screen placed in front of the vehicle on its way.
On a illustré aux
Le module 2 comprend des sources de lumière 4, un cache ou écran 6, un miroir ou réflecteur 8 et une lentille 10.The
On utilise dans la suite un repère orthogonal XYZ illustré à la
Les sources de lumière 4 sont réalisées en l'espèce sous la forme de diodes électroluminescentes. Elles sont disposées pour produire un éclairage orienté vers le haut avec leur axe optique vertical. Elles présentent ici une forme carrée en vue dans un plan perpendiculaire à cet axe optique. Chaque source présente en plan une surface égale par exemple à 1 mm2. Les sources sont alignées suivant une direction parallèle à l'axe X. Les sources sont par exemple portées par un circuit imprimé 12 commun à toutes les sources. Le nombre de sources est quelconque. Il est supérieur ou égal à trois et le plus élevé possible, chaque source produisant l'une des bandes formant l'éclairage.The
On observe donc que les sources de lumière sont disposées de sorte qu'il existe une droite passant par l'ensemble des sources, notamment par l'un des bords de chaque source. Les contours des sources sont contenus dans un même plan. Chaque source présente deux bords opposés, et les bords opposés de toutes les sources sont parallèles entre eux. Les bords sont parallèles à l'axe optique.It is therefore observed that the light sources are arranged so that there is a straight line passing through all of the sources, in particular through one of the edges of each source. The contours of the sources are contained in the same plane. Each source has two opposite edges, and the opposite edges of all sources are parallel to each other. The edges are parallel to the optical axis.
L'écran 6 est disposé pour interdire à la lumière des sources d'arriver directement sur la lentille 10.The
Cette dernière présente une face arrière 14 et une face avant 16 dénommées ainsi par référence au trajet de la lumière des sources et à la direction de marche du véhicule. Comme illustré à la
On a illustré à la
Dans le présent exemple, les bandes 24 sont identiques entre elles. Toutefois on peut prévoir que ces bandes diffèrent par leur largeur et/ou par leur longueur. De même, ici, les bords horizontaux supérieur et inférieur des bandes sont respectivement en coïncidence. Mais cela n'est pas obligatoire. De plus on prévoit ici une seule rangée horizontale de bandes. Mais on peut prévoir que le module produit au moins deux rangées horizontales de bandes s'étendant l'une au-dessus de l'autre.In the present example, the
La face du réflecteur 8 exposée à la lumière des sources a une forme cylindrique, les génératrices du cylindre étant parallèles à l'axe X. Elle présente une section dans un plan parallèle aux axes Y et Z, représentée à la
La lentille 10 recevant de la lumière provenant de toutes les sources 4, elle est optimisée optiquement afin que les bandes 24 formant les images des sources aient des bords verticaux les plus nets possible. Nous verrons plus loin de quelle façon cette optimisation est réalisée.Since the
De plus, sachant que la lentille est commune à toutes les sources et que ces dernières sont de préférence de petites dimensions, réaliser le réflecteur 8 sous la forme d'un anamorphoseur ne permet pas d'obtenir de façon simple de bons résultats. C'est la raison pour laquelle on choisit ici de calculer la forme du réflecteur afin qu'il procure des résultats satisfaisants voire optimaux. En particulier, la forme de sa section illustrée la
Cette forme est calculée pour remplir plusieurs fonctions.This form is calculated to fulfill several functions.
La première consiste à réaliser un étalement suivant la direction verticale de l'image de chaque source 4 afin que le réflecteur produise une image rectangulaire 24 d'une source carrée.The first consists in spreading along the vertical direction of the image of each
La deuxième fonction consiste à répartir la puissance lumineuse provenant de la source de façon à fournir davantage de puissance lumineuse en partie basse de la bande 24 qu'en partie haute. Plus précisément, on cherche à faire en sorte que la puissance lumineuse dans la bande par unité de surface soit d'autant plus faible qu'on se situe à grande distance du bord inférieur de la bande.The second function consists in distributing the light power coming from the source so as to provide more light power in the lower part of the
Pour calculer la forme de la section du réflecteur, on cherche d'abord à déterminer l'évolution de l'éclairement normalisé renvoyé par chaque point du réflecteur en fonction de la coordonnée de ce point le long d'un axe parallèle à l'axe du véhicule ;
On part d'une section rectiligne parallèle à l'axe X et orientée à 45° par rapport aux axes Y et Z comme illustré à la
- I est l'intensité rayonnée par la source dans la direction du point du réflecteur considéré, et
- δΩ est l'angle solide infinitésimal sous lequel est vue la source depuis le point considéré.
We start with a straight section parallel to the X axis and oriented at 45 ° to the Y and Z axes as illustrated in
- I is the intensity radiated by the source in the direction of the point of the reflector considered, and
- δΩ is the infinitesimal solid angle at which the source is seen from the point considered.
Les valeurs de δΦ sont ramenés entre 0 et 1 par une transformation affine, de la plus faible à la plus forte.The values of δΦ are brought back between 0 and 1 by an affine transformation, from the weakest to the strongest.
Pour effectuer ce calcul, on met en oeuvre la méthode suivante.To perform this calculation, the following method is implemented.
En référence à la
- Er est l'éclairement produit par la source au point (0, yr, zr) du réflecteur. Il s'agit du flux par élément de surface du réflecteur ;
- Es est l'émittance de la source qui est supposée lambertienne ;
- α est l'angle formé par rapport à l'axe Z par une droite passant par un point courant de la source et le point considéré du réflecteur ;
- θ est l'angle formé par cette droite avec la normale au réflecteur en ce point ;
- r est la distance du point courant de la source au point considéré sur le réflecteur ;
- h désigne la largeur de la source suivant l'axe X ;
- Ls est la longueur de la source suivant l'axe Y ;
- xs et ys sont les coordonnées d'un point courant de la source ; et
- dz(Er) désigne le décalage qu'on souhaite donner suivant la direction de l'axe Z à l'image de la source réfléchie par le point du réflecteur.
- E r is the illumination produced by the source at point (0, y r , z r ) of the reflector. This is the flux per surface element of the reflector;
- E s is the emittance of the source which is assumed to be Lambertian;
- α is the angle formed with respect to the Z axis by a straight line passing through a current point of the source and the point considered of the reflector;
- θ is the angle formed by this line with the normal to the reflector at this point;
- r is the distance from the current point of the source to the point considered on the reflector;
- h denotes the width of the source along the X axis;
- L s is the length of the source along the Y axis;
- x s and y s are the coordinates of a current point of the source; and
- dz (E r ) designates the offset that one wishes to give along the direction of the Z axis to the image of the source reflected by the point of the reflector.
On peut donc écrire :
soit
is
Il en découle que :
Pour le réflecteur plan, les images virtuelles créées en tout point du réflecteur sont de même taille et Er est donc l'émittance de l'image virtuelle du point (0, yr, zr).For the plane reflector, the virtual images created at any point of the reflector are of the same size and E r is therefore the emittance of the virtual image of the point (0, y r , z r ).
On fait remarquer que :
Le symétrique de l'origine du repère par rapport au plan à 45° passant par le point (y0, z0) se trouve au point (y0- z0, y0 + z0). Le haut des images virtuelles (donc le bas des images projetées) passe par ce point. dz(Er) est donc mesuré suivant l'axe -Z depuis ce point.The symmetric of the origin of the coordinate system with respect to the 45 ° plane passing through the point (y 0 , z 0 ) is at the point (y 0 - z 0 , y 0 + z 0 ). The top of virtual images (therefore the bottom of projected images) goes through this point. dz (E r ) is therefore measured along the -Z axis from this point.
Prenons fy (u) = u et considérons un point (xr, yr) du réflecteur.Take f y ( u ) = u and consider a point (x r , y r ) of the reflector.
On a donc
Soit un rayon incident au point considéré provenant de O :
La direction du rayon réfléchi est :
Le rayon virtuel rencontre le plan des images virtuelles du réflecteur à 45° en un point I tel que :
Et le réflecteur déplace l'image comme souhaité si :
Il s'agit d'une équation en u, fz et f'z. Cette équation différentielle en fz est soluble numériquement avec comme condition initiale fz(y0) = z0 et comme paramètres y0, z0 et dzEr.It is an equation in u, f z and f ' z . This differential equation in f z is numerically soluble with the initial condition f z (y 0 ) = z 0 and the parameters y 0 , z 0 and dzE r .
On a ainsi illustré à la
En l'espèce, dans la bande correspondant à la source, on cherche à déplacer les images de la source produites par les différentes parties du réflecteur en fonction du flux lumineux qu'elles véhiculent. Plus précisément, on cherche à faire monter les images véhiculant une faible intensité lumineuse et à faire descendre les images véhiculant une forte intensité. Pour cela, en l'espèce, on détermine arbitrairement quel décalage dz suivant la direction verticale donner aux images de la source produites par le réflecteur en fonction de la valeur de l'éclairement. On a illustré à la
Ensuite, en chaque point considéré du réflecteur, on calcule l'orientation que doit avoir la normale au réflecteur afin de produire le décalage souhaité. Une fois que cette orientation a été déterminée pour tous les points du réflecteur, la position de chaque point se trouve déterminée sachant que l'on part du bord inférieur du réflecteur qui est commun au réflecteur plan orienté à 45°. On peut donc construire le réflecteur de proche en proche. Ce calcul d'orientation et cette construction peuvent être effectués sans difficulté par un programme informatique.Then, at each point considered of the reflector, the orientation which the normal to the reflector must have in order to produce the desired offset is calculated. Once this orientation has been determined for all the points of the reflector, the position of each point is determined knowing that one starts from the lower edge of the reflector which is common to the plane reflector oriented at 45 °. We can therefore build the reflector step by step. This orientation calculation and this construction can be performed without difficulty by a computer program.
La section obtenue à la forme illustrée à la
On réalise ainsi un étalement vertical du faisceau de la source sans anamorphose. De plus, une valeur moyenne d'un flux lumineux dans une moitié supérieure de l'image 24 de chaque source projetée par la lentille est inférieure à une valeur moyenne du flux dans une moitié inférieure de l'image.This produces a vertical spread of the source beam without anamorphosis. In addition, an average value of a light flux in an upper half of the
Par ailleurs, la lentille 10 est optimisée dans ses deux dioptres pour minimiser les aberrations gênantes. Pour cela, on tient compte des deux ou trois leds les plus proches de l'axe optique de la lentille. On a illustré aux
Sur la
Sur la
Le module selon l'invention permet notamment d'obtenir des bandes dont les bords verticaux sont convenablement nets. Le module selon l'invention permet de produire un faisceau ne présentant pas de bandes noires sur l'image 20 entre les bandes 24. On évite ainsi un effet de peigne nuisible à l'esthétique.The module according to the invention makes it possible in particular to obtain strips whose vertical edges are suitably sharp. The module according to the invention makes it possible to produce a beam having no black bands on the
On prévoit en l'espèce que la face de sortie 16 de la lentille présente des ondulations ayant une profondeur de quelques microns. Ces ondulations ont pour effet de rendre légèrement flous les petits côtés supérieur et inférieur de chaque bande afin que la transition lumineuse entre la bande et son environnement à ses extrémités verticales s'effectue de la façon la plus douce possible.It is expected in this case that the
Les sources sont adressables de façon à permettre de commander, grâce à des moyens de commande adaptés du module, la production de chaque bande de lumière individuellement les unes des autres.The sources are addressable so as to make it possible to control, by means of suitable control means of the module, the production of each strip of light individually from one another.
On peut prévoir par exemple que la plus grande longueur totale mesurée suivant l'axe Y entre la lentille et le réflecteur est d'environ 40 mm.It can for example be provided that the greatest total length measured along the Y axis between the lens and the reflector is approximately 40 mm.
On peut prévoir que ce module assure également la fonction de feux de route et/ou feux de croisement, éventuellement à lui seul ou en complément d'un ou plusieurs autres dispositifs.It can be provided that this module also performs the function of high beam and / or low beam, possibly on its own or in addition to one or more other devices.
Un projecteur comprenant un tel module peut également être équipé d'un ou plusieurs feux de signalisation.A headlamp comprising such a module can also be equipped with one or more signaling lights.
Bien entendu, on pourra apporter à l'invention de nombreuses modifications sans sortir du cadre de celle-ci.Of course, many modifications can be made to the invention without departing from the scope thereof.
On peut notamment prévoir de transférer certaines des images de la source ayant une faible intensité lumineuse près de l'extrémité inférieure des bandes, notamment pour assurer une transition douce avec un faisceau complémentaire venant se superposer à la partie inférieure des bandes.One can in particular provide for transferring some of the images of the source having a low light intensity near the lower end of the bands, in particular to ensure a smooth transition with a complementary beam coming to be superimposed on the lower part of the bands.
Claims (17)
- Lighting module (2) for a motor vehicle headlight for producing at least one horizontal row of vertical rectangular bands (24), the module comprising:- light sources (4) arranged in succession, notably along a curve,- a cylindrical reflector (8) arranged so as to form, from the light emitted by each of the light sources, an image, and- a lens (10) suitable for receiving light from each source originating from the reflector and for projecting the image of this source formed by the reflector in a vertical rectangular band (24),the module being characterized in that:- the reflector (8) has, in a plane at right angles to the generatrices of the cylinder, a section conformed so as to increase a dimension of an image of each source (4) by the reflector (8) and such that an average value of a light flux in an upper half of the image of each source (4) projected by the lens (10), that is to say in an upper half of each vertical rectangular band (24), is less than an average value of the flux in a lower half of the image, and- the lens (10) has at least two focal points, even one focal area, and is arranged in such a way that the image formed by the lens of an object placed at one of these focal points is sharp and the lens is designed and arranged in such a way that a sharpness of an overall image (20) of the sources supplied by the lens is maximal at at least two predetermined points of this image in comparison to other areas of the image.
- Module according to the preceding claim, in which the reflector (8) has a curved section having an inflection point, preferably just one.
- Module according to Claim 1 or 2, in which the points are situated on edges of the images of two sources, these images being immediately adjacent to an image of one and the same source, these edges being situated alongside the image thereof.
- Module according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the points are situated on edges of the images of two sources, these images being immediately adjacent to one another, the edge of each image being situated on a side opposite the other image.
- Module according to at least any one of the preceding claims, in which a face (16) of the lens has corrugations.
- Module according to the preceding claim, in which the face of the lens that has the corrugations is an output face (16) for the light from the sources.
- Module according to at least any one of the preceding claims, in which each source (4) has a square shape in a plane at right angles to a main direction of emission of the light by the source.
- Module according to at least any one of the preceding claims, in which the light sources (4) are arranged in such a way that there is a straight line passing through all the sources, notably through one of the edges of each source.
- Module according to at least any one of the preceding claims, in which the light sources (4) are arranged in such a way that there is a curve passing through one of the vertices of the outline of each light source.
- Module according to at least any one of the preceding claims, in which the light sources (4) are arranged in such a way that there is a curve passing through the center of each light source.
- Module according to the preceding claim, in which the curve has no inflection point.
- Module according to at least any one of the preceding claims, in which the outlines of the sources (4) are contained in one and the same plane.
- Module according to at least any one of the preceding claims, in which each source (4) has two opposite edges, and the opposite edges of all the sources are parallel to one another.
- Module according to the preceding claim, in which the edges are parallel to the optical axis.
- Module according to at least any one of the preceding claims, arranged in such a way that the sources (4) can be controlled individually relative to one another.
- Module according to at least any one of the preceding claims, which comprises a screen (6) forming an obstacle to the direct transmission of the light from the sources to the lens.
- Motor vehicle headlight which comprises at least one module (2) according to at least any one of the preceding claims, and preferably comprises a plurality thereof.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR1260695A FR2998036B1 (en) | 2012-11-12 | 2012-11-12 | LIGHTING MODULE FOR MOTOR VEHICLE PROJECTOR COMPRISING MULTIPLE LIGHT SOURCES |
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EP2730838A1 EP2730838A1 (en) | 2014-05-14 |
EP2730838B1 true EP2730838B1 (en) | 2020-04-22 |
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CN109404851B (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2021-07-27 | 麦克赛尔株式会社 | Vehicle lamp |
FR3041072B1 (en) | 2015-09-14 | 2020-01-17 | Valeo Vision | MOTOR VEHICLE PROJECTOR LIGHTING MODULE AND ASSOCIATED PROJECTOR |
FR3130011B1 (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2024-04-05 | Valeo Vision | Lighting device of a motor vehicle |
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FR2535014B1 (en) * | 1982-10-26 | 1987-11-20 | Bui Hai Nhu | AERODYNAMIC LIGHTING DEVICE WITH EXTENDED AZIMUTAL COVERAGE |
JP3677720B2 (en) * | 1998-10-27 | 2005-08-03 | スタンレー電気株式会社 | Projector type headlamp |
JP4615417B2 (en) * | 2005-10-13 | 2011-01-19 | 株式会社小糸製作所 | Vehicle headlamp lamp unit |
JP4597890B2 (en) * | 2006-03-29 | 2010-12-15 | 株式会社小糸製作所 | Vehicle headlamp lamp unit |
JP5069985B2 (en) * | 2007-09-13 | 2012-11-07 | 株式会社小糸製作所 | Vehicle headlamp lamp unit and vehicle headlamp |
JP5425184B2 (en) * | 2008-04-25 | 2014-02-26 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェ | Lamp assembly |
US20100246203A1 (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2010-09-30 | North American Lighting, Inc. | System and method for exterior lighting of vehicles |
FR2943799B1 (en) * | 2009-03-31 | 2011-09-02 | Valeo Vision Sas | "LENS FOR LIGHTING MODULE FOR MOTOR VEHICLE". |
FR2948439B1 (en) * | 2009-07-21 | 2011-08-05 | Valeo Vision | LIGHTING MODULE FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE PROJECTOR, AND PROJECTOR EQUIPPED WITH AT LEAST ONE SUCH MODULE. |
JP5442463B2 (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2014-03-12 | 株式会社小糸製作所 | Vehicle headlamp |
JP2011238497A (en) * | 2010-05-12 | 2011-11-24 | Stanley Electric Co Ltd | Lamp fitting using led light source unit |
EP2500628B1 (en) * | 2011-03-14 | 2020-05-06 | Stanley Electric Co., Ltd. | Vehicle headlamp |
JP5640306B2 (en) * | 2011-03-14 | 2014-12-17 | スタンレー電気株式会社 | Lamp unit |
-
2012
- 2012-11-12 FR FR1260695A patent/FR2998036B1/en active Active
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- 2013-11-08 EP EP13192221.3A patent/EP2730838B1/en active Active
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JP2014096368A (en) | 2014-05-22 |
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