EP2724014B1 - Device for injecting a fluid - Google Patents

Device for injecting a fluid Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2724014B1
EP2724014B1 EP12723464.9A EP12723464A EP2724014B1 EP 2724014 B1 EP2724014 B1 EP 2724014B1 EP 12723464 A EP12723464 A EP 12723464A EP 2724014 B1 EP2724014 B1 EP 2724014B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuator
piston
diameter
housing
fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP12723464.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2724014A1 (en
Inventor
Anton Dukart
Verena Tritsch
Robert Giezendanner-Thoben
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of EP2724014A1 publication Critical patent/EP2724014A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M57/00—Fuel-injectors combined or associated with other devices
    • F02M57/02—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps
    • F02M57/022—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive
    • F02M57/027—Injectors structurally combined with fuel-injection pumps characterised by the pump drive electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/04—Pumps peculiar thereto
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B17/00—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors
    • F04B17/03—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors
    • F04B17/04—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors using solenoids
    • F04B17/042—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors using solenoids the solenoid motor being separated from the fluid flow
    • F04B17/044—Pumps characterised by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors driven by electric motors using solenoids the solenoid motor being separated from the fluid flow using solenoids directly actuating the piston
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1638—Armatures not entering the winding

Definitions

  • a pressure wave As a shock wave or shock wave in fluid mechanics a pressure wave is called, which is generated by explosions or other phenomena, and causes extreme pressure differences.
  • the pressure wave runs as a wavefront through a medium.
  • compressible i.
  • disturbances such as changes caused by moving solids, propagate through the medium as pressure waves that move with the speed of sound of the medium. If the perturbation moves slowly compared to the speed of sound, it allows the pressure wave, the medium, to redistribute to balance the perturbation and behave exactly like an incompressible medium.
  • the matter of the medium near the perturbation source can not react fast enough to avoid the perturbation.
  • the state quantities of the medium such as density, pressure, temperature, velocity, etc., therefore change almost instantaneously to accommodate the disturbance.
  • interference waves are generated with strongly increasing pressure, which are also referred to as shock waves, and cause a shock-like heating of the material.
  • the shockwaves eventually decay to normal pressure waves when their energy is absorbed by the medium.
  • a device for injecting a fluid which has a filled with a fluid, in particular a liquid, such as fuel, channel, which is acted upon by an actuator.
  • the actuator has a substantially hat-shaped appearance with a centrally formed, a reverse pot corresponding survey, which is enclosed by a planar surface, wherein the planar surface is the actuator surface and the end face of the survey represents a piston surface.
  • the flat surface is made of a material which has good to very good magnetic property in magnetic terms for a solenoid actuator used.
  • the geometry of the actuator can be characterized primarily by the fact that the diameter of the effective area of the survey, that a piston surface ⁇ d 2 piston / 4 at least by a factor of 2 is smaller than the active surface of the facing side of the actuator, ⁇ d 2 Actuator / 4.
  • the geometry of the actuator can thus be characterized in that it corresponds to a hat shape with a cylindrical cup-shaped center, which is dimensioned by a plan side, which forms the "brim” of the hat and the diameter of the "brim” by a factor of 2 the diameter of the end face of the hat, which acts as a piston in the present context.
  • the plan side, on which the excitation coil acts can be manufactured from a material with outstanding electromagnetic properties.
  • This material is generally relatively expensive Materials whose strength is limited.
  • the elevation, ie the remaining piston can be configured from a more cost-effective but very high-strength material.
  • the joining of the two components of the actuator formed in two parts in this case can be made possible for example by simply sticking on the underside of the piston.
  • An increase in the strength, in particular of the piston part of the inventively proposed actuator can be further achieved by a laterally extending "brim".
  • an improved modular design can be achieved, which makes it possible to vary and in particular gradually increase a pressure pulsation as well as the strength of the shock wave to be generated in the fluid-filled channel.
  • the combination of a small piston surface and a large actuator surface according to the solution proposed by the invention can be exploited to increase the pressure force and produce by means of the principle of surface translation a pressure pulse having a very high amplitude.
  • the proposed implementation ie the design of the actuator, pronounced of a hat, the geometry of which, as briefly outlined above, is designed.
  • the concrete embodiment of the piston surface ie the active surface, which projects into the channel in the housing of the device for injecting a fluid, in which the liquid is stored, is conceivable in various ways. It is possible to provide the piston surface, ie the front side of the central elevation of the hat-shaped configured actuator, plan or with a rounding.
  • the front side may be provided with a concave depression, wherein the end face, be it flat, rounded out, is part of the central elevation of the actuator.
  • the lateral surface of the central elevation which represents the actual piston of the actuator, can in Advantageous wise be guided in a guide within the housing of the device for injecting the fluid.
  • the at least one actuator is assigned a disk-shaped magnetic coil as the exciter coil.
  • the magnetic coil can be applied to an actuator carrier and comprise a passage opening, wherein the substantially disk-shaped magnetic coil in the installed state in the actuator or in the housing substantially, ie, extends parallel to the "brim" of the hat-shaped configured actuator.
  • the actuator which is essentially hat-shaped can be accommodated in a guide in this housing or in a channel mouth of the liquid-receiving channel which opens into the housing ,
  • the at least one actuator in the housing moves the at least one actuator in the housing in its leadership substantially in the vertical direction and compresses the fluid contained in the channel of the housing volume, in particular a liquid, for example fuel.
  • This can be injected into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine with appropriate control of a arranged at the end of, for example, tapered cross-section channel valve.
  • the device proposed according to the invention for injecting a fluid in stacking arrangement is associated with a separately controllable solenoid coil as an excitation coil.
  • Each pair of actuator and excitation coil forms an eddy current actuator in the stack arrangement.
  • a good efficiency of the actuators can be achieved. It can generate a pressure pulse with a high amplitude, when choosing a suitable area ratio of actuator area to piston area.
  • the ratio is the solution proposed according to the invention following on the basis of the desired pressure pulse amplitude and the available electrical power choose. For the application presented above, it is desirable to choose the diameter ratio of actuator area to piston area greater than 2.
  • the proposed solution according to the invention allows flexible possibilities of designing the piston surface and thus influencing the pressure pulse shaping.
  • the design of the guide of the actuator in the housing on a small diameter minimizes production-related friction and leakage losses. The risk of sticking the actuator, which can be caused for example by polymerization of the fluid within the guide, can be reduced.
  • each having a piston actuators in a stacked arrangement the diameter of the individual actuator can be kept relatively small and the necessary force can be varied by the number of pistons to be provided.
  • An additional possible change in the number of excitation coils assigned to an actuator opens up an additional degree of freedom for the axial structure and the activation. Due to the flexible use of actuators and their number and the arrangement of excitation coils per actuator different shaping of the pressure pulse is possible.
  • the pressure pulse courses can be trapezoidal or also sawtooth-configured, this depends on the particular application. Furthermore, it should be emphasized that the guidance of the inventively proposed, substantially hat-shaped actuator on the smaller of the two effective diameter, ie the piston diameter, which is much cheaper to seal.
  • the survey ie the piston part of the invention proposed, essentially hat-shaped actuator, can be designed with or without brim, with a brim, a higher strength of the piston can be achieved.
  • the proposed solution according to the invention is further distinguished by the fact that there is a higher degree of freedom in the design of the hat shape and also a two-part embodiment variant can be considered, in which the materials are selected in each case in terms of strength and in terms of their electromagnetic properties in an optimal manner can.
  • the present invention will be described below with reference to an embodiment which shows a device for injecting a fluid, for example a fuel injector for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • a device for injecting a fluid for example a fuel injector for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • FIG. 1 shows an injection device 10, which includes a housing 12.
  • the housing 12 is screwed by means of a cover and comprises an actuator support 16, on whose upper side a substantially disc-shaped magnetic coil 14 is housed.
  • the actuator 20 has an actuator surface 22, which can be laterally delimited by a "brim" of the hat-shaped actuator, and a piston of the actuator 20 forming a central elevation.
  • the end face of this central elevation of the actuator 20 represents a piston surface 24, which projects into a channel 28.
  • the channel 28 can - as in FIG. 1 shown - in the conveying direction 30 of the liquid, or the fluid, continuously tapered cross-section, indicated by reference numeral 32 in FIG.
  • valve 34 At the end of the channel 28, which is filled with a fluid, or with the liquid 26, there is a valve 34, through which the liquid in the conveying direction 30 emerges from the channel 28 and injected, for example, in a combustion chamber, not shown here, an internal combustion engine can be.
  • FIG. 1 It can be seen that the essentially hat-shaped actuator 20 is guided in a guide 36 of the housing 12.
  • the guide 36 is given by the limitation of the channel 28 in the housing 12.
  • the actuator 20, which is essentially hat-shaped, projects with its central elevation into the channel 28 receiving the fluid or the liquid 26 and is with its diameter 40 (cf. FIG. 2 ) in channel 28. Due to the fact that the substantially hat-shaped actuator 20 is guided in a guide 36 with a relatively small diameter, there is also a favorable influence on the friction and relatively low leakage losses that are unavoidable due to production.
  • the actuator 20 shown here is embedded in a cavity 18 of the housing 12.
  • the actuator 20 moves in the cavity 18 substantially in the vertical direction, so that acting as the piston surface 24 end face of the actuator 20 in the channel 28 of the housing 12 retracts and compresses the volume of liquid contained there accordingly.
  • the representation according to FIG. 2 is a first embodiment of the inventively proposed substantially hat-shaped actuator can be seen.
  • the essentially hat-shaped actuator 20 comprises a region serving as a piston, the end face of which forms the piston surface 24.
  • This piston surface 24 is provided in a diameter 40 d piston .
  • the actuator 20, which is essentially hat-shaped has a plane surface 46 provided, which has a diameter 42 d actuator .
  • the diameter d 42 exceeds the diameter actuator 40 of the piston surface 24 of the central elevation of the actuator 20 by at least two-fold.
  • FIG. 2 can also be seen that the central elevation is designed in the substantially hat-shaped actuator 20 in a height 44.
  • the design of the height 44 determines on the one hand the distance of the piston surface 24 from the flat surface 46 and on the other hand, the guide length in which the central elevation of the substantially hat-shaped actuator 20 is guided in the guide 36 in the housing 12 of the injection device 10 proposed according to the invention.
  • the guide of the essentially hat-shaped actuator in its diameter 40 d piston is advantageous in terms of low friction and lower production-related adjusting leakage losses.
  • FIG. 2 shows that extends substantially parallel to the planar surface 46 of the actuator extending the disc-shaped magnetic coil 24. Both components extend substantially parallel to one another, forming a gap between them.
  • FIG. 2 further comprises the substantially disc-shaped magnetic coil 14, which serves as an excitation coil, and an opening 38, which is located substantially below the central elevation of the substantially hat-shaped actuator 20.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the present invention proposed essentially hat-shaped configured actuator.
  • FIG. 3 shows that on the front side of the central elevation in the substantially hat-shaped actuator 20 forms a concave depression 52 here. It is also possible, instead of a concave depression 52, to provide the plan side of the central elevation of the essentially hat-shaped actuator with a convex curvature. Likewise, an embodiment of the plan side of the central elevation, which serves as a piston, conceivable with a concave or convex curved surface.
  • FIG. 4 a further embodiment of the substantially hat-shaped actuator for an injection device can be seen.
  • FIG. 4 shows that according to this embodiment, the diameter 40, d piston identical to that according to the Figures 2 and 3 is.
  • the central elevation has a constriction 54. This also acts as a guide 36.
  • either the central elevation of the actuator 20, ie the piston member or the channel 28 and the housing 12 can be made in two or more parts, which considerably simplifies the assembly.
  • the diameter 42 of the flat surface 46 dimensioned considerably larger than the diameter 40 d piston , which is the effective area of the actuator.
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the proposed device according to the invention for injecting a fluid with a stack arrangement of actuators.
  • FIG. 5 The sectional view according to FIG. 5 It can be seen that in the housing 12 of the injection device 10, a number of substantially hat-shaped actuators 20 in stacking arrangement 56 are received one above the other lying. Each of the individual actuators is assigned a separate magnetic coil 14. In each case a pair of actuator 20 and magnetic coil 14 forms a Wirbelstromaktor. If the individual essentially hat-shaped actuators are accommodated in the housing 12 in accordance with the stack arrangement 56, the force generated can be increased for the same area ratios. Each piston, ie each centric elevation substantially hat-shaped actuator 20 is associated with a magnetic coil 14, so that in the stack assembly 56 as shown in FIG FIG. 5 four eddy current actuators are coupled together.
  • a good efficiency of the actuators can be achieved, which is reflected in particular in the generation of a pressure pulse of high amplitude.
  • a suitable area ratio of actuator area to piston area i. a suitable ratio of diameters 40 to 42 crucial.
  • the ratio is to be chosen according to the invention on the basis of the desired pressure pulse amplitude and the available electrical power.
  • the diameter ratio of actuator area to piston area should be greater than 2.
  • the inventively proposed injection device 10 allows a flexible design of the piston surface 24 and thus a way of influencing the self-adjusting pressure pulse shaping, which is in the channel 28, in which the fluid to be compressed or the liquid to be compressed 26 is stored.
  • the design of the guide 36 on the small diameter, ie on the diameter 40 d piston minimizes adjusting friction and unavoidable leakage losses.
  • the risk of sticking the actuator which can be caused for example by a polymerization of the fluid 26 and the liquid 26, significantly reduced within the guide 36.
  • the diameter of the actuator 20 can be kept relatively small and the necessary force can be realized by the number of individual actuators 20 to be accommodated in stacking arrangement 56.
  • An additional change in the number of magnetic coils 14 per actuator results in an additional degree of freedom in the stack assembly 56 and in terms of the possible drive variants. Due to the flexible use in terms of the number of actuators 20 and the provision of magnetic coils 14 per actuator different shaping of a pressure pulse is possible.
  • Figures 6.1, 6.2 and 6.3 show schematically different pressure pulsations, which can be achieved with the proposed device for injecting a fluid according to the invention. So shows, for example Figure 6.1 a sawtooth Druckpulsprofil, wherein according to a first pressure curve 62, the individual pressure pulses each have a pronounced absolute maximum 64 and a pronounced minimum 66 include.
  • Figure 6.1 a sawtooth Druckpulsprofil
  • the individual pressure pulses each have a pronounced absolute maximum 64 and a pronounced minimum 66 include.
  • a substantially trapezoidal contour 70 is shown in the pressure pulse course according to Figure 6.2 .
  • This trapezoidal contour 70 has essentially alternately alternating local maxima 72 and local minima 74 arranged between them.
  • a third pressure curve 76 is shown, which is characterized by a rising edge 78 and a continuously sloping falling edge 80. On the rising edge 78, individual plateaus can be distinguished, each of which, starting from a new pressure build-up.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Als Stoßwelle oder Schockwelle wird in der Strömungslehre eine Druckwelle bezeichnet, die durch Explosionen oder andere Phänomene erzeugt wird, und die extreme Druckunterschiede hervorruft. Die Druckwelle läuft dabei als Wellenfront durch ein Medium.As a shock wave or shock wave in fluid mechanics a pressure wave is called, which is generated by explosions or other phenomena, and causes extreme pressure differences. The pressure wave runs as a wavefront through a medium.

In kompressiblen, d.h. verdichtbaren Medien, so zum Beispiel Gasen, breiten sich Störungen etwa von hindurch bewegten Festkörpern hervorgerufenen Änderungen durch das Medium als Druckwellen aus, die sich mit der Schallgeschwindigkeit des Mediums bewegen. Bewegt sich die Störung nur langsam im Vergleich zur Schallgeschwindigkeit, erlaubt es die Druckwelle, dem Medium, sich neu zu verteilen, um die Störung auszugleichen und verhält sich genau wie ein inkompressibles Medium.In compressible, i. For example, in the case of compressible media, such as gases, disturbances, such as changes caused by moving solids, propagate through the medium as pressure waves that move with the speed of sound of the medium. If the perturbation moves slowly compared to the speed of sound, it allows the pressure wave, the medium, to redistribute to balance the perturbation and behave exactly like an incompressible medium.

Bewegt sich die Störung jedoch schneller als die durch sie verursachten Druckwellen, kann die Materie des Mediums nahe der Störungsquelle nicht schnell genug reagieren, um der Störung auszuweichen. Die Zustandsgrößen des Mediums, so zum Beispiel Dichte, Druck, Temperatur, Geschwindigkeit usw., verändern sich daher nahezu momentan, um sich der Störung anzupassen. Dadurch werden Störungswellen mit stark ansteigendem Druck erzeugt, die auch als Stoßwellen bezeichnet werden, und die eine schockartige Erhitzung des Materials bewirken. Die Stoßwellen klingen schließlich zu normalen Druckwellen ab, wenn ihre Energie vom Medium absorbiert wird.However, if the perturbation moves faster than the pressure waves caused by it, the matter of the medium near the perturbation source can not react fast enough to avoid the perturbation. The state quantities of the medium, such as density, pressure, temperature, velocity, etc., therefore change almost instantaneously to accommodate the disturbance. As a result, interference waves are generated with strongly increasing pressure, which are also referred to as shock waves, and cause a shock-like heating of the material. The shockwaves eventually decay to normal pressure waves when their energy is absorbed by the medium.

Ähnliche Probleme sind auch außerhalb der Strömungslehre bekannt. Beispielsweise erzeugen Teilchen, die sich in bestimmten Medien, wie etwa Wasser, schneller als die dort geltende Lichtgeschwindigkeit (Phasengeschwindigkeit) bewegen, sie beträgt im Wasser nur etwa 230.000 km/s, einen Schockeffekt, der als Tscherenkow Strahlung bekannt ist. Es lassen sich zwei grundlegende Typen von Stoßwellen unterscheiden, die allerdings physikalisch äquivalent sind und sich nur durch die Wahl des Bezugsystems unterscheiden.

  1. 1. Fortschreitende Wellen in stehendem Medium:
    • Sie werden durch plötzliche Störungen im Medium, etwa durch eine Explosion oder ein Projektil, hervorgerufen und bewegen sich mit Überschallgeschwindigkeit.
  2. 2. Stehende Wellen in einem fließenden Medium:
    • Sie werden dadurch hervorgerufen, dass von einer Quelle kontinuierlich Materie ausgestoßen wird, wie zum Beispiel der Sonnenwind der Sonne oder die Antriebsgase in einem Raketentriebwerk. Solche Wellen können einen Gleichgewichtszustand erreichen, indem sie den Windausstoß begrenzen.
Similar problems are also known outside of fluid mechanics. For example, particles moving in certain media, such as water, faster than the speed of light (phase velocity) present there, is only about 230,000 km / s in the water, a shocking effect known as Cherenkov radiation. It is possible to distinguish two basic types of shock waves, which are physically equivalent and differ only in the choice of the reference system.
  1. 1. Progressive waves in stagnant medium:
    • They are caused by sudden disturbances in the medium, such as an explosion or a projectile, and move at supersonic speed.
  2. 2. Standing waves in a flowing medium:
    • They are caused by the continuous ejection of matter from a source, such as the solar wind of the sun or the propulsion gases in a rocket engine. Such waves can reach a state of equilibrium by limiting the wind output.

Aus der DE 24 19 425 ist eine Einspritzvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen bekannt, welche eine Baueinheit mit einer Pumpe bildet.From the DE 24 19 425 an injection device for internal combustion engines is known, which forms a structural unit with a pump.

Darstellung der ErfindungPresentation of the invention

Erfindungsgemäß wird eine Vorrichtung zum Einspritzen eines Fluides vorgeschlagen, welches einen mit einem Fluid, insbesondere einer Flüssigkeit, wie zum Beispiel Kraftstoff, befüllten Kanal aufweist, der durch einen Aktor beaufschlagt ist. Der Aktor hat ein im Wesentlichen hutförmiges Aussehen mit einer zentrisch ausgebildeten, einem umgekehrten Topf entsprechenden Erhebung, die von einer Planfläche umschlossen ist, wobei die Planfläche die Aktorfläche darstellt und die Stirnseite der Erhebung eine Kolbenfläche darstellt. Neben einer einteilig ausgebildeten Ausführungsmöglichkeit besteht auch eine zweiteilige Ausführungsmöglichkeit, wobei bei der zweiteiligen Ausführungsvariante die Planfläche aus einem Material gefertigt wird, welches in magnetischer Hinsicht für einen eingesetzten Magnetaktor gute bis sehr gute magnetische Eigenschaft aufweist. Die Geometrie des Aktors lässt sich vor allem dadurch charakterisieren, dass der Durchmesser der Wirkfläche der Erhebung, d.h. eine Kolbenfläche π d2 Kolben/4 zumindest um den Faktor 2 kleiner ist als die Wirkfläche der Planseite des Aktors, π d2 Aktor/4. Die Geometrie des Aktors lässt sich mithin dadurch charakterisieren, dass diese einer Hutform entspricht mit einem zylindrischen topfförmigen Zentrum, welches von einer Planseite, welches die "Krempe" des Hutes bildet und der Durchmesser der "Krempe" um den Faktor 2 größer bemessen ist als der Durchmesser der den Hut abschließenden Stirnfläche, die im vorliegenden Zusammenhang als Kolben fungiert. In vorteilhafter Weise können insbesondere bei der zweiteilig ausgebildeten Ausführungsmöglichkeit die Planseite, auf welche die Erregerspule einwirkt, aus einem Material mit hervorragenden elektromagnetischen Eigenschaften gefertigt werden. Bei diesem Material handelt es sich im Allgemeinen um relativ hochpreisige Materialien, deren Festigkeit begrenzt ist. Bei dem erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Aktor kann die Erhebung, d.h. der übrige Kolben aus einem kostengünstigeren, jedoch eine sehr hohe Festigkeit aufweisenden Material ausgestaltet werden. Das Fügen der beiden Komponenten des in diesem Fall zweiteilig ausgebildeten Aktors kann beispielsweise durch einfaches Aufkleben auf der Kolbenunterseite ermöglicht werden. Eine Erhöhung der Festigkeit, insbesondere des Kolbenteiles des erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Aktors, kann des Weiteren durch eine seitlich verlaufende "Krempe" erzielt werden.According to the invention, a device for injecting a fluid is proposed, which has a filled with a fluid, in particular a liquid, such as fuel, channel, which is acted upon by an actuator. The actuator has a substantially hat-shaped appearance with a centrally formed, a reverse pot corresponding survey, which is enclosed by a planar surface, wherein the planar surface is the actuator surface and the end face of the survey represents a piston surface. In addition to a one-piece design option, there is also a two-part design option, wherein in the two-part embodiment, the flat surface is made of a material which has good to very good magnetic property in magnetic terms for a solenoid actuator used. The geometry of the actuator can be characterized primarily by the fact that the diameter of the effective area of the survey, that a piston surface π d 2 piston / 4 at least by a factor of 2 is smaller than the active surface of the facing side of the actuator, π d 2 Actuator / 4. The geometry of the actuator can thus be characterized in that it corresponds to a hat shape with a cylindrical cup-shaped center, which is dimensioned by a plan side, which forms the "brim" of the hat and the diameter of the "brim" by a factor of 2 the diameter of the end face of the hat, which acts as a piston in the present context. In an advantageous manner, in particular in the case of the two-part design option, the plan side, on which the excitation coil acts, can be manufactured from a material with outstanding electromagnetic properties. This material is generally relatively expensive Materials whose strength is limited. In the actuator proposed according to the invention, the elevation, ie the remaining piston, can be configured from a more cost-effective but very high-strength material. The joining of the two components of the actuator formed in two parts in this case can be made possible for example by simply sticking on the underside of the piston. An increase in the strength, in particular of the piston part of the inventively proposed actuator, can be further achieved by a laterally extending "brim".

In vorteilhafter Weise kann mit der erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Vorrichtung zum Einspritzen eines Fluides gegenüber bekannten Designs ein verbesserter modularer Aufbau erreicht werden, der es ermöglicht, eine Druckpulsformung sowie die Stärke der zu erzeugenden Stoßwelle im mit einem Fluid befüllten Kanal zu variieren und insbesondere stufenweise zu erhöhen.Advantageously, with the inventively proposed device for injecting a fluid over known designs, an improved modular design can be achieved, which makes it possible to vary and in particular gradually increase a pressure pulsation as well as the strength of the shock wave to be generated in the fluid-filled channel.

Durch die erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagene Lösung wird der Umstand ausgenutzt, dass bei konstanter Kraft der Druck in einem Fluid, insbesondere in einer Flüssigkeit, in Relation zur Kolbenfläche linear und zum Durchmesser quadratisch zunimmt. Des Weiteren lässt sich ein Druckpuls verlängern, was sich in vorteilhafter Weise auf die einzuspritzende Menge der Flüssigkeit, beziehungsweise des Fluides auswirkt. Der Druck nimmt auch mit kleinerer Kolbenmasse ebenfalls überproportional zu. Die Aktorkraft nimmt jedoch demgegenüber proportional zur Fläche zu.By the inventively proposed solution, the fact is exploited that at constant force, the pressure in a fluid, in particular in a liquid, in relation to the piston surface increases linearly and to the diameter square. Furthermore, a pressure pulse can be extended, which has an advantageous effect on the amount of liquid or fluid to be injected. The pressure also increases disproportionately with smaller piston mass. The actuator force, however, increases in proportion to the area.

In vorteilhafter Weise kann die Kombination aus einer kleinen Kolbenfläche und einer großen Aktorfläche gemäß der erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Lösung dazu ausgenutzt werden, die Druckkraft zu erhöhen und mittels des Prinzips der Flächenübersetzung einen Druckpuls zu erzeugen, der eine sehr hohe Amplitude aufweist. Die vorgeschlagene Umsetzung, d.h. das Design des Aktors, erinnert an einen Hut, dessen Geometrie wie obenstehend kurz skizziert, beschaffen ist. Die konkrete Ausgestaltung der Kolbenfläche, d.h. der Wirkfläche, die in den Kanal im Gehäuse der Vorrichtung zum Einspritzen eines Fluides hineinragt, in dem die Flüssigkeit bevorratet wird, ist auf verschiedenste Weise denkbar. Es besteht die Möglichkeit, die Kolbenfläche, d.h. die Stirnseite der zentrischen Erhebung des hutförmig konfigurierten Aktors, plan oder mit einer Rundung zu versehen. Beispielsweise kann die Stirnseite mit einer konkaven Mulde versehen sein, wobei die Stirnseite, sei sie plan, sei sie gewölbt ausgerundet, Teil der zentrischen Erhebung des Aktors ist. Die Mantelfläche der zentrischen Erhebung, welche den eigentlichen Kolben des Aktors darstellt, kann in vorteilhafter Weiser in einer Führung innerhalb des Gehäuses der Vorrichtung zum Einspritzen des Fluides geführt sein. In der erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Vorrichtung zum Einspritzen eines Fluides ist dem mindestens einen Aktor eine scheibenförmig ausgestaltete Magnetspule als Erregerspule zugeordnet. Die Magnetspule kann auf einem Aktorträger aufgebracht sein und eine Durchgangsöffnung umfassen, wobei die im Wesentlichen scheibenförmig ausgebildete Magnetspule im in dem Aktor beziehungsweise in dessen Gehäuse eingebauten Zustand sich im Wesentlichen, d.h. parallel zur "Krempe" des hutförmig konfigurierten Aktors erstreckt. Wird bei der erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Lösung einer Vorrichtung zum Einspritzen eines Fluides im Gehäuse ein Hohlraum vorgesehen, so kann der im Wesentlichen hutförmig konfigurierte Aktor in diesem Gehäuse beziehungsweise in einer Kanalmündung des die Flüssigkeit aufnehmenden Kanals, der in das Gehäuse mündet, in einer Führung aufgenommen sein. Bei einer Bestromung der unterhalb des im Wesentlichen hutförmig ausgebildeten Aktors angeordneten Magnetspule, verfährt der mindestens eine Aktor im Gehäuse in seiner Führung im Wesentlichen in vertikale Richtung und komprimiert das im Kanal des Gehäuses enthaltene Fluidvolumen, insbesondere eine Flüssigkeit, zum Beispiel Kraftstoff. Diese kann bei entsprechender Ansteuerung eines am Ende des beispielsweise verjüngenden Querschnitt aufweisenden Kanals angeordneten Ventils in den Brennraum einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine eingespritzt werden.Advantageously, the combination of a small piston surface and a large actuator surface according to the solution proposed by the invention can be exploited to increase the pressure force and produce by means of the principle of surface translation a pressure pulse having a very high amplitude. The proposed implementation, ie the design of the actuator, reminiscent of a hat, the geometry of which, as briefly outlined above, is designed. The concrete embodiment of the piston surface, ie the active surface, which projects into the channel in the housing of the device for injecting a fluid, in which the liquid is stored, is conceivable in various ways. It is possible to provide the piston surface, ie the front side of the central elevation of the hat-shaped configured actuator, plan or with a rounding. For example, the front side may be provided with a concave depression, wherein the end face, be it flat, rounded out, is part of the central elevation of the actuator. The lateral surface of the central elevation, which represents the actual piston of the actuator, can in Advantageous wise be guided in a guide within the housing of the device for injecting the fluid. In the device proposed according to the invention for injecting a fluid, the at least one actuator is assigned a disk-shaped magnetic coil as the exciter coil. The magnetic coil can be applied to an actuator carrier and comprise a passage opening, wherein the substantially disk-shaped magnetic coil in the installed state in the actuator or in the housing substantially, ie, extends parallel to the "brim" of the hat-shaped configured actuator. If a cavity is provided in the solution proposed according to the invention of a device for injecting a fluid in the housing, then the actuator which is essentially hat-shaped can be accommodated in a guide in this housing or in a channel mouth of the liquid-receiving channel which opens into the housing , When energizing the arranged below the substantially hat-shaped actuator solenoid, moves the at least one actuator in the housing in its leadership substantially in the vertical direction and compresses the fluid contained in the channel of the housing volume, in particular a liquid, for example fuel. This can be injected into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine with appropriate control of a arranged at the end of, for example, tapered cross-section channel valve.

Es besteht die Möglichkeit, innerhalb eines Gehäuses eine Anzahl der erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Aktoren in Stapelanordnung im Wesentlichen in vertikaler Richtung übereinander anzuordnen. Einem jedem der im Wesentlichen hutförmig beschaffenen Aktoren ist bei dieser Ausführungsmöglichkeit der erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Vorrichtung zum Einspritzen eines Fluides in Stapelanordnung jeweils eine separat ansteuerbare Magnetspule als Erregerspule zugeordnet. Ein jedes Paar von Aktor und Erregerspule bildet bei der Stapelanordnung jeweils einen Wirbelstromaktor.It is possible, within a housing, to arrange a number of the inventively proposed actuators stacked in a substantially vertical direction one above the other. Each one of the essentially hat-shaped actuators in this embodiment, the device proposed according to the invention for injecting a fluid in stacking arrangement is associated with a separately controllable solenoid coil as an excitation coil. Each pair of actuator and excitation coil forms an eddy current actuator in the stack arrangement.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Anhand der erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Lösung kann ein guter Wirkungsgrad der Aktorik erreicht werden. Es lässt sich ein Druckpuls mit einer hohen Amplitude erzeugen, bei Wahl eines geeigneten Flächenverhältnisses von Aktorfläche zu Kolbenfläche. Das Verhältnis ist dabei der erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Lösung folgend auf Basis der gewünschten Druckpulsamplitude und der zur Verfügung stehenden elektrischen Leistung zu wählen. Für die vorstehend dargestellte Anwendung ist anzustreben, dass das Durchmesserverhältnis von Aktorfläche zur Kolbenfläche größer als 2 gewählt wird. Die erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagene Lösung erlaubt flexible Möglichkeiten der Ausgestaltung der Kolbenfläche und damit eine Beeinflussung der Druckpulsformung. Die Ausgestaltung der Führung des Aktors im Gehäuse auf einem kleinen Durchmesser minimiert fertigungstechnisch bedingte Reibungs- und Leckageverluste. Die Gefahr einer Verklebung der Aktorik, die beispielsweise durch Polymerisation des Fluides innerhalb der Führung hervorgerufen werden kann, kann verringert werden. Durch die Anordnung der jeweils einen Kolben aufweisenden Aktoren in Stapelanordnung kann der Durchmesser des einzelnen Aktors relativ klein gehalten werden und die notwendige Kraft durch die Anzahl der vorzusehenden Kolben variiert werden. Eine zusätzlich mögliche Änderung der Anzahl der einem Aktor zugeordneten Erregerspulen eröffnet einen zusätzlichen Freiheitsgrad für den axialen Aufbau und die Ansteuerung. Durch den flexiblen Einsatz von Aktoren und deren Anzahl sowie der Anordnung von Erregerspulen pro Aktor ist eine unterschiedliche Formung des Druckpulses möglich. Die Druckpulsverläufe können trapezförmig sein oder auch sägezahnförmig konfiguriert werden, dies ist abhängig vom jeweiligen Anwendungsfall. Des Weiteren ist hervorzuheben, dass die Führung des erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen, im Wesentlichen hutförmig ausgebildeten Aktors auf dem kleineren der beiden Wirkdurchmesser, d.h. am Kolbendurchmesser erfolgt, was wesentlich kostengünstiger abzudichten ist. Die Erhebung, d.h. der Kolbenteil des erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagene, im Wesentlichen hutförmig ausgebildeten Aktors, kann mit oder ohne Krempe gestaltet werden, wobei mit einer Krempe eine höhere Festigkeit des Kolbens erzielt werden kann. Die erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagene Lösung zeichnet sich des Weiteren dadurch aus, dass ein höherer Freiheitsgrad bei der Ausgestaltung der Hutform vorliegt und auch eine zweiteilige Ausführungsvariante in Betracht gezogen werden kann, bei der die Materialien jeweils hinsichtlich der Festigkeit und hinsichtlich ihrer elektromagnetischen Eigenschaften in optimaler Weise ausgewählt werden können.Based on the solution proposed by the invention, a good efficiency of the actuators can be achieved. It can generate a pressure pulse with a high amplitude, when choosing a suitable area ratio of actuator area to piston area. The ratio is the solution proposed according to the invention following on the basis of the desired pressure pulse amplitude and the available electrical power choose. For the application presented above, it is desirable to choose the diameter ratio of actuator area to piston area greater than 2. The proposed solution according to the invention allows flexible possibilities of designing the piston surface and thus influencing the pressure pulse shaping. The design of the guide of the actuator in the housing on a small diameter minimizes production-related friction and leakage losses. The risk of sticking the actuator, which can be caused for example by polymerization of the fluid within the guide, can be reduced. The arrangement of each having a piston actuators in a stacked arrangement, the diameter of the individual actuator can be kept relatively small and the necessary force can be varied by the number of pistons to be provided. An additional possible change in the number of excitation coils assigned to an actuator opens up an additional degree of freedom for the axial structure and the activation. Due to the flexible use of actuators and their number and the arrangement of excitation coils per actuator different shaping of the pressure pulse is possible. The pressure pulse courses can be trapezoidal or also sawtooth-configured, this depends on the particular application. Furthermore, it should be emphasized that the guidance of the inventively proposed, substantially hat-shaped actuator on the smaller of the two effective diameter, ie the piston diameter, which is much cheaper to seal. The survey, ie the piston part of the invention proposed, essentially hat-shaped actuator, can be designed with or without brim, with a brim, a higher strength of the piston can be achieved. The proposed solution according to the invention is further distinguished by the fact that there is a higher degree of freedom in the design of the hat shape and also a two-part embodiment variant can be considered, in which the materials are selected in each case in terms of strength and in terms of their electromagnetic properties in an optimal manner can.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Anhand der Zeichnungen wird die Erfindung nachstehend eingehender beschrieben.With reference to the drawings, the invention will be described in more detail below.

Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine Darstellung der erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Vorrichtung zum Einspritzen eines Fluides,
Figur 2
eine Detaildarstellung eines Aktors,
Figur 3
eine weitere Ausführungsvariante des im Wesentlichen hutförmig ausgebildeten Aktors,
Figur 4
eine weitere Ausgestaltungsmöglichkeit des Aktors mit einem eine Einschnürung aufweisenden Bereich im Bereich der zentrischen Erhebung,
Figur 5
eine Ausführungsvariante der erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Vorrichtung zum Einspritzen eines Fluides mit in vertikaler Richtung übereinander geschichteten in Stapelanordnung aufgenommenen Aktoren,
Figuren 6.1, 6.2, 6.3
unterschiedliche mögliche Druckpulsverläufe, die mit der erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Vorrichtung zum Einspritzen eines Fluides erzielbar sind.
Show it:
FIG. 1
a representation of the proposed device according to the invention for the injection of a fluid,
FIG. 2
a detailed representation of an actuator,
FIG. 3
a further embodiment of the substantially hat-shaped actuator,
FIG. 4
a further embodiment possibility of the actuator with a region having a constriction in the region of the central elevation,
FIG. 5
1 shows an alternative embodiment of the device proposed according to the invention for injecting a fluid with actuators stacked in a stacked arrangement in the vertical direction,
Figures 6.1, 6.2, 6.3
different possible pressure pulse curves, which can be achieved with the inventively proposed device for injecting a fluid.

Ausführungsvariantenvariants

Die vorliegende Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels beschrieben, welches eine Vorrichtung zum Einspritzen eines Fluides zeigt, beispielsweise einen Kraftstoffinjektor zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in den Brennraum einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine. Neben der hier benannten Anwendungsmöglichkeit der nachstehend beschriebenen Vorrichtung zum Einspritzen eines Fluides, bestehen darüber hinaus vielfältige weitere Anwendungsmöglichkeiten, auf die im Einzelnen hier nicht eingegangen werden kann.The present invention will be described below with reference to an embodiment which shows a device for injecting a fluid, for example a fuel injector for injecting fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. In addition to the above-mentioned application possibility of the device described below for injecting a fluid, beyond there are a variety of other applications, which can not be discussed in detail here.

Figur 1 zeigt eine Einspritzvorrichtung 10, die ein Gehäuse 12 umfasst. Das Gehäuse 12 ist mittels eines Deckels verschraubt und umfasst einen Aktorträger 16, an dessen Oberseite eine im Wesentlichen scheibenförmig ausgebildete Magnetspule 14 untergebracht ist. Oberhalb der Magnetspule 14, die als Erregerspule dient, befindet sich ein im Wesentlichen hutförmig ausgebildeter Aktor 20. Der Aktor 20 weist eine Aktorfläche 22 auf, welche durch eine "Krempe" des hutförmig ausgestalteten Aktors seitlich begrenzt werden kann, sowie eine einen Kolben des Aktors 20 bildende zentrische Erhebung. Die Stirnfläche dieser zentrischen Erhebung des Aktors 20 stellt eine Kolbenfläche 24 dar, die in einen Kanal 28 hineinragt. Der Kanal 28 kann - wie in Figur 1 gezeigt - einen sich in Förderrichtung 30 der Flüssigkeit, beziehungsweise des Fluides, stetig verjüngenden Querschnitt aufweisen, angedeutet durch Bezugszeichen 32 in Figur 1. Am Ende des Kanales 28, der mit einem Fluid, beziehungsweise mit der Flüssigkeit 26 befüllt ist, befindet sich ein Ventil 34, über welches die Flüssigkeit in Förderrichtung 30 gesehen aus dem Kanal 28 austritt und beispielsweise in einen hier nicht näher dargestellten Brennraum einer Verbrennungsmaschine eingespritzt werden kann. FIG. 1 shows an injection device 10, which includes a housing 12. The housing 12 is screwed by means of a cover and comprises an actuator support 16, on whose upper side a substantially disc-shaped magnetic coil 14 is housed. Above the magnetic coil 14, which serves as an excitation coil, there is a substantially hat-shaped actuator 20. The actuator 20 has an actuator surface 22, which can be laterally delimited by a "brim" of the hat-shaped actuator, and a piston of the actuator 20 forming a central elevation. The end face of this central elevation of the actuator 20 represents a piston surface 24, which projects into a channel 28. The channel 28 can - as in FIG. 1 shown - in the conveying direction 30 of the liquid, or the fluid, continuously tapered cross-section, indicated by reference numeral 32 in FIG. 1 , At the end of the channel 28, which is filled with a fluid, or with the liquid 26, there is a valve 34, through which the liquid in the conveying direction 30 emerges from the channel 28 and injected, for example, in a combustion chamber, not shown here, an internal combustion engine can be.

Figur 1 ist zu entnehmen, dass der im Wesentlichen hutförmig beschaffene Aktor 20 in einer Führung 36 des Gehäuses 12 geführt ist. Die Führung 36 ist durch die Begrenzung des Kanales 28 im Gehäuse 12 gegeben. Der im Wesentlichen hutförmig beschaffene Aktor 20 ragt mit seiner zentrischen Erhebung in den das Fluid beziehungsweise die Flüssigkeit 26 aufnehmenden Kanal 28 hinein und ist mit seinem Durchmesser 40 (vgl. Daten gemäß Figur 2) im Kanal 28 geführt. Aufgrund der Tatsache, dass der im Wesentlichen hutförmig beschaffene Aktor 20 in einer Führung 36 mit relativ kleinem Durchmesser geführt ist, ergibt sich auch eine günstige Beeinflussung der Reibung sowie relativ niedrige Leckageverluste, die fertigungsbedingt unvermeidbar sind. FIG. 1 It can be seen that the essentially hat-shaped actuator 20 is guided in a guide 36 of the housing 12. The guide 36 is given by the limitation of the channel 28 in the housing 12. The actuator 20, which is essentially hat-shaped, projects with its central elevation into the channel 28 receiving the fluid or the liquid 26 and is with its diameter 40 (cf. FIG. 2 ) in channel 28. Due to the fact that the substantially hat-shaped actuator 20 is guided in a guide 36 with a relatively small diameter, there is also a favorable influence on the friction and relatively low leakage losses that are unavoidable due to production.

Aus der Darstellung gemäß Figur 1 lässt sich des Weiteren entnehmen, dass der hier dargestellte Aktor 20 in einen Hohlraum 18 des Gehäuses 12 eingelassen ist. Bei entsprechender Bestromung der sich im Wesentlichen parallel zur Planfläche, d.h. zur Krempe des Aktors 20 erstreckenden Magnetspule 14, die als Erregerspule dient, verfährt der Aktor 20 im Hohlraum 18 im Wesentlichen in vertikale Richtung, sodass die als Kolbenfläche 24 wirkende Stirnseite des Aktors 20 in den Kanal 28 des Gehäuses 12 einfährt und das dort enthaltene Flüssigkeitsvolumen dementsprechend komprimiert.From the illustration according to FIG. 1 can be further seen that the actuator 20 shown here is embedded in a cavity 18 of the housing 12. With appropriate energization of the substantially parallel to the plane surface, ie the brim of the actuator 20 extending magnetic coil 14, which serves as an excitation coil, the actuator 20 moves in the cavity 18 substantially in the vertical direction, so that acting as the piston surface 24 end face of the actuator 20 in the channel 28 of the housing 12 retracts and compresses the volume of liquid contained there accordingly.

Der Darstellung gemäß Figur 2 ist eine erste Ausführungsvariante des erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen im Wesentlichen hutförmig gestalteten Aktors zu entnehmen.The representation according to FIG. 2 is a first embodiment of the inventively proposed substantially hat-shaped actuator can be seen.

Wie aus der Darstellung gemäß Figur 2 hervorgeht, umfasst der im Wesentlichen hutförmig gestaltete Aktor 20 einen als Kolben dienenden Bereich, dessen Stirnseite die Kolbenfläche 24 bildet. Diese Kolbenfläche 24 ist in einem Durchmesser 40 dKolben beschaffen. Demgegenüber ist der im Wesentlichen hutförmig beschaffene Aktor 20 mit einer Planfläche 46 versehen, die einen Durchmesser 42 dAktor aufweist. Bevorzugt übersteigt der Durchmesser 42 dAktor den Durchmesser 40 der Kolbenfläche 24 der zentrischen Erhebung des Aktors 20 um mindestens das Zweifache.As shown in the illustration FIG. 2 As can be seen, the essentially hat-shaped actuator 20 comprises a region serving as a piston, the end face of which forms the piston surface 24. This piston surface 24 is provided in a diameter 40 d piston . On the other hand, the actuator 20, which is essentially hat-shaped, has a plane surface 46 provided, which has a diameter 42 d actuator . Preferably, the diameter d 42 exceeds the diameter actuator 40 of the piston surface 24 of the central elevation of the actuator 20 by at least two-fold.

Figur 2 lässt sich darüber hinaus entnehmen, dass die zentrische Erhebung im im Wesentlichen hutförmig beschaffenen Aktor 20 in einer Höhe 44 ausgestaltet ist. Die Auslegung der Höhe 44 legt einerseits den Abstand der Kolbenfläche 24 von der Planfläche 46 fest und andererseits die Führungslänge, in welcher die zentrische Erhebung des im Wesentlichen hutförmig beschaffenen Aktors 20 in der Führung 36 im Gehäuse 12 der erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Einspritzvorrichtung 10 geführt ist. Wie bereits erwähnt, ist die Führung des im Wesentlichen hutförmig beschaffenen Aktors in seinem Durchmesser 40 dKolben vorteilhaft hinsichtlich einer geringen Reibung und geringer sich fertigungsbedingt einstellender Leckageverluste. FIG. 2 can also be seen that the central elevation is designed in the substantially hat-shaped actuator 20 in a height 44. The design of the height 44 determines on the one hand the distance of the piston surface 24 from the flat surface 46 and on the other hand, the guide length in which the central elevation of the substantially hat-shaped actuator 20 is guided in the guide 36 in the housing 12 of the injection device 10 proposed according to the invention. As already mentioned, the guide of the essentially hat-shaped actuator in its diameter 40 d piston is advantageous in terms of low friction and lower production-related adjusting leakage losses.

Aus der Darstellung gemäß Figur 2 geht hervor, dass sich im Wesentlichen parallel zur Planfläche 46 des Aktors erstreckend die scheibenförmig ausgebildete Magnetspule 24 erstreckt. Beide Komponenten erstrecken sich im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander, einen Spalt zwischen diesen ausbildend. Figur 2 umfasst des Weiteren die im Wesentlichen scheibenförmig ausgebildete Magnetspule 14, die als Erregerspule dient, und eine Öffnung 38, die im Wesentlichen unterhalb der zentrischen Erhebung des im Wesentlichen hutförmig beschaffenen Aktors 20 liegt.From the illustration according to FIG. 2 shows that extends substantially parallel to the planar surface 46 of the actuator extending the disc-shaped magnetic coil 24. Both components extend substantially parallel to one another, forming a gap between them. FIG. 2 further comprises the substantially disc-shaped magnetic coil 14, which serves as an excitation coil, and an opening 38, which is located substantially below the central elevation of the substantially hat-shaped actuator 20.

Figur 3 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsmöglichkeit des erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen, im Wesentlichen hutförmig konfigurierten Aktors. FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of the present invention proposed essentially hat-shaped configured actuator.

In Abwandlung der Darstellung gemäß Figur 2 ist bei der Ausführungsvariante des im Wesentlichen hutförmig beschaffenen Aktors gemäß der Darstellung in Figur 3 die Planseite der zentrischen Erhebung im hutförmig ausgebildeten Aktor 20 nicht plan, sondern gerundet ausgebildet. Figur 3 zeigt, dass sich an der Stirnseite der zentrischen Erhebung im im Wesentlichen hutförmig ausgebildeten Aktor 20 eine hier konkav verlaufende Mulde 52 bildet. Es besteht auch die Möglichkeit, anstelle einer konkaven Mulde 52 die Planseite der zentrischen Erhebung des im Wesentlichen hutförmig ausgestalteten Aktors mit einer konvexen Krümmung zu versehen. Ebenso ist eine Ausgestaltung der Planseite der zentrischen Erhebung, die als Kolben dient, mit einer konkav oder konvex gekrümmten Teilfläche denkbar.In a modification of the representation according to FIG. 2 is in the embodiment of the substantially hat-shaped actuator as shown in FIG FIG. 3 the plan page of the central survey in the hat-shaped actuator 20 is not plan, but rounded. FIG. 3 shows that on the front side of the central elevation in the substantially hat-shaped actuator 20 forms a concave depression 52 here. It is also possible, instead of a concave depression 52, to provide the plan side of the central elevation of the essentially hat-shaped actuator with a convex curvature. Likewise, an embodiment of the plan side of the central elevation, which serves as a piston, conceivable with a concave or convex curved surface.

Der Darstellung gemäß Figur 4 ist eine weitere Ausführungsmöglichkeit des im Wesentlichen hutförmig beschaffenen Aktors für eine Einspritzvorrichtung zu entnehmen.The representation according to FIG. 4 a further embodiment of the substantially hat-shaped actuator for an injection device can be seen.

Figur 4 zeigt, dass gemäß dieser Ausführungsvariante der Durchmesser 40, dKolben identisch mit dem gemäß der Figuren 2 und 3 ist. Im Unterschied zu diesem weist jedoch die zentrische Erhebung eine Einschnürung 54 auf. Diese wirkt ebenfalls als Führung 36. In dieser Ausführungsvariante können entweder die zentrische Erhebung des Aktors 20, d.h. der Kolbenteil oder auch der Kanal 28 bzw. das Gehäuse 12 zwei- oder mehrteilig ausgeführt werden, was die Montage erheblich vereinfacht. FIG. 4 shows that according to this embodiment, the diameter 40, d piston identical to that according to the Figures 2 and 3 is. In contrast to this, however, the central elevation has a constriction 54. This also acts as a guide 36. In this embodiment, either the central elevation of the actuator 20, ie the piston member or the channel 28 and the housing 12 can be made in two or more parts, which considerably simplifies the assembly.

Bei sämtlichen Ausführungsvarianten des im Wesentlichen hutförmig gestalteten Aktors 20 gemäß der Figuren 2, 3 und 4 ist der Durchmesser 42 der Planfläche 46 erheblich größer bemessen als der Durchmesser 40 dKolben, der die Wirkfläche des Aktors darstellt. Durch diese Kombination einer kleinen Kolbenfläche, d.h. eines relativ geringen Durchmessers 40 dKolben und einer großen Aktorfläche, d.h. einem großen Durchmesser 42 dAktor für die Planfläche 46, kann eine hohe Kraft erzeugt werden und aufgrund der gewählten Flächenübersetzung ein Druckpuls mit hoher Amplitude in das Fluid 26 beziehungsweise die Flüssigkeit 26 im Gehäuse 12 aufnehmenden Kanales 28 erzeugt werden.In all embodiments of the substantially hat-shaped actuator 20 according to the Figures 2 . 3 and 4 is the diameter 42 of the flat surface 46 dimensioned considerably larger than the diameter 40 d piston , which is the effective area of the actuator. By this combination of a small piston surface, ie a relatively small diameter 40 d piston and a large actuator surface, ie a large diameter 42 d actuator for the flat surface 46, a high force can be generated and due to the selected surface ratio, a pressure pulse with high amplitude in the Fluid 26 and the liquid 26 in the housing 12 receiving channel 28 are generated.

Figur 5 zeigt eine Ausführungsvariante der erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Vorrichtung zum Einspritzen eines Fluides mit einer Stapelanordnung von Aktoren. FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the proposed device according to the invention for injecting a fluid with a stack arrangement of actuators.

Der Schnittdarstellung gemäß Figur 5 ist zu entnehmen, dass im Gehäuse 12 der Einspritzvorrichtung 10 eine Anzahl von im Wesentlichen hutförmig ausgebildeten Aktoren 20 in Stapelanordnung 56 übereinander liegend aufgenommen sind. Jedem der einzelnen Aktoren ist eine separate Magnetspule 14 zugeordnet. Jeweils ein Paar aus Aktor 20 und Magnetspule 14 bildet einen Wirbelstromaktor. Werden die einzelnen im Wesentlichen hutförmig ausgebildeten Aktoren gemäß der Stapelanordnung 56 im Gehäuse 12 aufgenommen, kann bei gleichen Flächenverhältnissen die erzeugte Kraft erhöht werden. Jeder Kolben, d.h. jede zentrische Erhebung im Wesentlichen hutförmig ausgebildeten Aktor 20 ist einer Magnetspule 14 zugeordnet, sodass in der Stapelanordnung 56 gemäß der Darstellung in Figur 5 vier Wirbelstromaktoren zusammengekoppelt sind.The sectional view according to FIG. 5 It can be seen that in the housing 12 of the injection device 10, a number of substantially hat-shaped actuators 20 in stacking arrangement 56 are received one above the other lying. Each of the individual actuators is assigned a separate magnetic coil 14. In each case a pair of actuator 20 and magnetic coil 14 forms a Wirbelstromaktor. If the individual essentially hat-shaped actuators are accommodated in the housing 12 in accordance with the stack arrangement 56, the force generated can be increased for the same area ratios. Each piston, ie each centric elevation substantially hat-shaped actuator 20 is associated with a magnetic coil 14, so that in the stack assembly 56 as shown in FIG FIG. 5 four eddy current actuators are coupled together.

Durch die erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagene Einspritzvorrichtung 10 kann ein guter Wirkungsgrad der Aktorik erreicht werden, was sich insbesondere in der Erzeugung eines Druckpulses hoher Amplitude niederschlägt. Zur Erzeugung des guten Wirkungsgrades ist die Wahl eines geeigneten Flächenverhältnisses von Aktorfläche zur Kolbenfläche, d.h. eine geeignetes Verhältnis der Durchmesser 40 zu 42 entscheidend. Das Verhältnis ist dabei erfindungsgemäß auf Basis der gewünschten Druckpulsamplitude und der zur Verfügung stehenden elektrischen Leistung zu wählen. Für die dargestellte Anwendung sollte das Durchmesserverhältnis von Aktorfläche zu Kolbenfläche größer als 2 gewählt werden.By the inventively proposed injection device 10, a good efficiency of the actuators can be achieved, which is reflected in particular in the generation of a pressure pulse of high amplitude. To produce good efficiency, the choice of a suitable area ratio of actuator area to piston area, i. a suitable ratio of diameters 40 to 42 crucial. The ratio is to be chosen according to the invention on the basis of the desired pressure pulse amplitude and the available electrical power. For the application shown, the diameter ratio of actuator area to piston area should be greater than 2.

Die erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagene Einspritzvorrichtung 10 ermöglicht eine flexible Ausgestaltung der Kolbenfläche 24 und damit eine Möglichkeit der Beeinflussung der sich einstellenden Druckpulsformung, die sich im Kanal 28, in dem das zu komprimierende Fluid beziehungsweise die zu komprimierende Flüssigkeit 26 bevorratet ist. Die Ausgestaltung der Führung 36 auf dem kleinen Durchmesser, d.h. auf dem Durchmesser 40 dKolben, minimiert sich einstellende Reibungs- und unvermeidliche Leckageverluste. Desweiteren ist die Gefahr des Verklebens der Aktorik, was beispielsweise durch eine Polymerisation des Fluides 26 beziehungsweise der Flüssigkeit 26 hervorgerufen werden kann, innerhalb der Führung 36 signifikant verringert. Durch eine Stapelanordnung der im Wesentlichen hutförmig ausgebildeten Aktoren wie in Figur 5, vergleiche Position 56, gezeigt, kann der Durchmesser des Aktors 20 relativ klein gehalten werden und die notwendige Kraft durch die Anzahl der einzelnen in Stapelanordnung 56 unterzubringenden Aktoren 20 realisiert werden. Eine zusätzliche Änderung der Anzahl der Magnetspulen 14 pro Aktor ergibt einen zusätzlichen Freiheitsgrad bei der Stapelanordnung 56 und hinsichtlich der möglichen Ansteuerungsvarianten. Durch den flexiblen Einsatz hinsichtlich der Anzahl der Aktoren 20 sowie des Vorsehens von Magnetspulen 14 pro Aktor ist eine unterschiedliche Formung eines Druckpulses möglich.The inventively proposed injection device 10 allows a flexible design of the piston surface 24 and thus a way of influencing the self-adjusting pressure pulse shaping, which is in the channel 28, in which the fluid to be compressed or the liquid to be compressed 26 is stored. The design of the guide 36 on the small diameter, ie on the diameter 40 d piston minimizes adjusting friction and unavoidable leakage losses. Furthermore, the risk of sticking the actuator, which can be caused for example by a polymerization of the fluid 26 and the liquid 26, significantly reduced within the guide 36. By a stack arrangement of the substantially hat-shaped actuators as in FIG. 5 , see position 56, the diameter of the actuator 20 can be kept relatively small and the necessary force can be realized by the number of individual actuators 20 to be accommodated in stacking arrangement 56. An additional change in the number of magnetic coils 14 per actuator results in an additional degree of freedom in the stack assembly 56 and in terms of the possible drive variants. Due to the flexible use in terms of the number of actuators 20 and the provision of magnetic coils 14 per actuator different shaping of a pressure pulse is possible.

Figur 6.1, 6.2 und 6.3 zeigen in schematischer Weise unterschiedliche Druckpulsverläufe, die sich mit der erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagenen Vorrichtung zum Einspritzen eines Fluides erreichen lassen. So zeigt beispielsweise Figur 6.1 eine sägezahnförmiges Druckpulsprofil, wobei gemäß eines ersten Druckverlaufes 62 die einzelnen Druckpulse jeweils ein ausgeprägtes absolutes Maximum 64 sowie ein ausgeprägtes Minimum 66 umfassen. Bei dem Druckpulsverlauf gemäß Figur 6.2, vergleiche Position 68, ist eine im Wesentlichen trapezförmig verlaufende Kontur 70 dargestellt. Diese Trapezkontur 70 weist im Wesentlichen alternierend abwechselnde lokale Maxima 72 sowie zwischen diesen angeordnete lokale Minima 74 auf. Figures 6.1, 6.2 and 6.3 show schematically different pressure pulsations, which can be achieved with the proposed device for injecting a fluid according to the invention. So shows, for example Figure 6.1 a sawtooth Druckpulsprofil, wherein according to a first pressure curve 62, the individual pressure pulses each have a pronounced absolute maximum 64 and a pronounced minimum 66 include. In the pressure pulse course according to Figure 6.2 , see position 68, a substantially trapezoidal contour 70 is shown. This trapezoidal contour 70 has essentially alternately alternating local maxima 72 and local minima 74 arranged between them.

Schließlich ist im Druckverlauf gemäß Figur 6.3 ein dritter Druckverlauf 76 dargestellt, der durch eine Anstiegsflanke 78 und eine kontinuierlich allmählich abfallende Abfallflanke 80 gekennzeichnet ist. Auf der Anstiegsflanke 78 lassen sich einzelne Plateaus unterscheiden, von denen jeweils ausgehend ein erneuter Druckaufbau erfolgt.Finally, in the pressure curve according to Figure 6.3 a third pressure curve 76 is shown, which is characterized by a rising edge 78 and a continuously sloping falling edge 80. On the rising edge 78, individual plateaus can be distinguished, each of which, starting from a new pressure build-up.

Claims (11)

  1. Device for injecting fluid (26) by way of a valve (34), having a duct (28) which extends through a housing (12) and which is filled with the fluid (26), characterized in that an actuator (20) for the delivery of the fluid (26) has a substantially hat-shaped form (44, 46), wherein
    - the actuator (20) has a planar surface (46), in the centre of which there is formed an elevation which serves as a piston surface (24),
    - the actuator (20) projects by way of its central elevation into the duct (28) and is guided by way of its diameter (40) in the duct (28),
    - the valve (34) via which the liquid emerges from the duct (28) is situated at the end of the duct (28), and wherein
    - the elevation corresponds to an upturned pot which is surrounded by the planar surface.
  2. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the planar surface (46) and the elevation (24), which serves as piston surface, are manufactured from different materials.
  3. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a diameter (42) dactuator is greater, in particular by at least a factor of 2, than a diameter (40) dpiston of the piston.
  4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator (20) is arranged in the housing (12) above a magnet coil (14) which is of substantially disc-shaped form.
  5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the planar surface (46) of the actuator (20) extends parallel to the disc-shaped magnet coil.
  6. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elevation has a piston surface (24) which has a geometric design composed of concave and convex surfaces, and which in particular comprises a concave depression (52).
  7. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuator (20), in particular the central elevation thereof, is guided in a guide (36) of the housing (12).
  8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the planar surface (46) of the actuator (20) has an encircling rim for the purposes of increasing strength.
  9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (12) comprises a number of actuators (20) in a stacked arrangement (56) one above the other, wherein each of the actuators (20) is assigned a magnet coil (14).
  10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the central elevation of the actuator (20) has a constriction (54) in which the diameter is smaller than the diameter (40) dpiston.
  11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnet coil (14) is supported by an actuator carrier (16), and the actuator (20) travels vertically within a cavity (18) in the housing (12) when the magnet coil (14) is energized.
EP12723464.9A 2011-06-24 2012-05-23 Device for injecting a fluid Not-in-force EP2724014B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE201110078068 DE102011078068A1 (en) 2011-06-24 2011-06-24 Device for injecting fluid
PCT/EP2012/059589 WO2012175272A1 (en) 2011-06-24 2012-05-23 Device for injecting fluid

Publications (2)

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EP2724014A1 EP2724014A1 (en) 2014-04-30
EP2724014B1 true EP2724014B1 (en) 2016-09-14

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EP12723464.9A Not-in-force EP2724014B1 (en) 2011-06-24 2012-05-23 Device for injecting a fluid

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EP (1) EP2724014B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102011078068A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2012175272A1 (en)

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CN103716116B (en) 2012-09-28 2019-04-16 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Configuration method, base station and the terminal of information feedback signaling
DE102015223540A1 (en) 2015-11-27 2017-06-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh 3D printer with printhead without moving parts

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DE2419425A1 (en) * 1974-04-23 1975-11-06 Daimler Benz Ag Compression ignition engine combined fuel pump-injector - has electromagnetically operated piston in pump cylinder with injector valve opening in flow direction
JPS5618061A (en) * 1979-07-20 1981-02-20 Lucas Industries Ltd Fuel injection system
DE102006003484A1 (en) * 2005-03-16 2006-09-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Device for injecting fuel

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WO2012175272A1 (en) 2012-12-27
EP2724014A1 (en) 2014-04-30

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